Beetle bombing always deters praying mantises

View article
Zoological Science

Main article text

 

Introduction

Materials and Methods

Study organisms

Experiments

Data analysis

Results

Disussion

Conclusions

Supplemental Information

An adult Pheropsophus jessoensis bombing.

The beetle ejected hot chemicals when stimulated with forceps. This is the video in Sugiura (2018). Video credit: Shinji Sugiura.

DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11657/supp-1

A praying mantis, Hierodula patellifera, attacking a control adult Pheropsophus jessoensis.

The mantis caught the beetle using its raptorial forelegs but released it immediately after being bombed. Video credit: Shinji Sugiura.

DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11657/supp-2

A praying mantis attacking a treated adult Pheropsophus jessoensis.

The mantis caught this beetle using its raptorial forelegs and ate it. The treated beetle was unable to eject hot chemicals because they had been exhausted by repeated stimulation before the experiment. Video credit: Shinji Sugiura.

DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11657/supp-3

Additional Information and Declarations

Competing Interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author Contributions

Shinji Sugiura conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, and approved the final draft.

Field Study Permissions

The following information was supplied relating to field study approvals (i.e., approving body and any reference numbers):

My study was not conducted in any national parks or protected areas. Study insects were not protected species; no specific permissions are required to collect non-protected insects in non-protected areas in Japan.

Data Availability

The following information was supplied regarding data availability:

The raw data are available at figshare: Sugiura, Shinji (2021): Data from: Beetle bombing always deters praying mantises. figshare. Dataset. DOI 10.6084/m9.figshare.14443748.v1.

Funding

This study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (JSPS KAKENHI Grant number 19K06073). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

4 Citations 3,101 Views 397 Downloads

Your institution may have Open Access funds available for qualifying authors. See if you qualify

Publish for free

Comment on Articles or Preprints and we'll waive your author fee
Learn more

Five new journals in Chemistry

Free to publish • Peer-reviewed • From PeerJ
Find out more