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Supplemental Information

Seasonal population-levelhome range area of sika deer (Cervusnippon yesoensis) of Kushiro Wetland in (A) first winter, (B) summer, and(C) second winter in a year at each capture site

The home range area was estimated by pooling all recorded locations of deer at each capture site and determining the 95% local convex hull for them. The location data used during migration periods excluded the seasonal home range estimation. The periods were defined as all migrant individuals that had not yet initiated migration to next home range as estimated by NSD the method. Red outline, Takkobu home ranges; green outline, Kottaro home ranges; blue outline, embankment home ranges; shaded grey area, Kushiro Wetland; filled blue areas, sea; solid lines, municipality boundaries.

DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.3048v1/supp-1

Dates of spring and autumn migration initiation of sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) classified as seasonal migrants in 2014 and 2015, the first day of snow cover*, and loss of snow cover†.

DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.3048v1/supp-2

Raw location data of the COAs shown in Figures 2 and 3.

COA location for each individual. COAs were calculated using seasonal home ranges. The X and Y coordinates (in UTM; m) of individual COAs are shown for each season. Seasons are labeled as winter 1 (first winter), summer, and winter 2 (second winter) with period defined via the NSD method (see the Methods section in the manuscript).

DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.3048v1/supp-3

Shapefile raw data ofannual population-level home range each capture site for Figure 4

Home range area of deer of Kushiro Wetland in a year each capture site. The home range area was estimated by a 95% local convex hull using all pooled deer location data for a year at the same capture site.

DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.3048v1/supp-4

Shapefile containing the raw data of seasonal population-level home ranges for deer collared at each capture site shown in Figure S1

Seasonal population-level home range area of Kushiro Wetland deer in (a) first winter, (b) summer, and (c) second winter for one year at each capture site. The home range area was estimated by a 95% local convex hull using all pooled deer location data at each capture site.

DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.3048v1/supp-5

Raw data used tocalculate the values in Table1, Table 2 and conduct the wetland utilizationanalysis

Annual home range size (km 2 ); home range in wetland (km 2 ), amount of the annual home range comprised of wetland habitat (km 2 ); home range outside wetland, amount of home range comprised of non-wetland habitat (km 2 ), percent wetland (%), home range in wetland / annual home range size for each individual. These data are summarized in Table 2 and were statistically analyzed using the R code found in the file “wetland use.r”.

DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.3048v1/supp-6

R code for the analysis of wetland use among movement patterns and capture sites.

This script uses the data file “Raw_data_of_Table1_and2_migration_type_and_wetland_use_area.csv” and applies a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) to the data. The results are summarized and shown in the manuscript.

DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.3048v1/supp-7

Raw migration initiation data used to generate the values in Table S1

Migration initiation date for each individual exhibiting movement classified as migration.

DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.3048v1/supp-8

Raw seasonal migration distance data.

Spring and autumn migration distances for each individual exhibiting movement classified as seasonal migration. These data are summarized and shown in the manuscript.

DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.3048v1/supp-9

Additional Information

Competing Interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author Contributions

Hino Takafumi conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Tatsuya Kamii conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Takunari Murai conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Ryoto Yoshida performed the experiments, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Atsuki Sato performed the experiments, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Yasuyuki Tachiki performed the experiments, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Rika Akamatsu performed the experiments, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Tsuyoshi Yoshida conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Animal Ethics

The following information was supplied relating to ethical approvals (i.e., approving body and any reference numbers):

Permission to capture and handle wildlife was obtained from the Hokkaido government and permission to capture and handle wildlife in a wildlife protection area was obtained from The Ministry of Environment.

Field Study Permissions

The following information was supplied relating to field study approvals (i.e., approving body and any reference numbers):

Permission for field study on government land was obtained from the Hokkaido Development Bureau

Funding

This study was supported by the Environment Research and Development Fund of the Ministry of the Environment as part of the (4-1405). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


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