New mutations of env gene and its impact on virulence properties for Bovine leukemia virus
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Abstract
This study is the biodiversity and properties of bovine leukemia virus in Western Siberia. The researchers focused on exploring the polymorphism of the env gene and, in doing so, discovered the new genotypes Ia and Ib, which differ from genotype I. Restrictase Hae III sections the nucleotide sequence of the env gene intofragments with lengths of 316-27-95-5 bp (genotype I), 31-285-27-95-5 bp (genotype Ia), and 31-85-200-27-100 bp (genotype Ib). There are 2.57±0.55% (20 out of 779) samples of genotype Ib which does not differ significantly from 1% (χ2=2.46). Other genotypes were observed in the cattle of Siberia as wild type genotypes (their frequency varied from 17.84 to 32.73 %). This paper explores the effect of the env gene of the cattle leukemia virus on hematological parameters of infected animals. The maximum viral load was observed in animals with the II and IV viral genotypes (1000 – 1400 viral particles per 1000 healthy cells), and the minimum viral load was observed animals with genotype Ib (from 700 to 900 viral particles per 1000 healthy cells). Several hypotheses on the origin of the different genotypes in Siberia are discussed. The probability of the direct introduction of genotype II from South America to Siberia is extremely small and it is more likely that the strain originated independently in an autonomous population with its distribution also occurring independently. A new variety of genotype I (Ib) was found, which can be both a neoplasm and a relict strain.
Cite this as
2019. New mutations of env gene and its impact on virulence properties for Bovine leukemia virus. PeerJ Preprints 7:e27902v1 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.27902v1Author comment
This is a submission to PeerJ for review.
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Competing Interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Author Contributions
Natalia Blazhko conceived and designed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Sultan Vyshegurov conceived and designed the experiments, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools.
Alexander Donchenko conceived and designed the experiments.
Kirill Shatokhin analyzed the data, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Valeria Ryabinina performed the experiments, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, approved the final draft.
Kirill Plotnikov performed the experiments.
Alevtina Khodakova performed the experiments.
Animal Ethics
The following information was supplied relating to ethical approvals (i.e., approving body and any reference numbers):
Ethics committee of Novosibirsk State Agricultural University, Protocol No1 from 26.02.2019
DNA Deposition
The following information was supplied regarding the deposition of DNA sequences:
NCBI
Data Deposition
The following information was supplied regarding data availability:
NCBI
Funding
The manuscript is supported by Grant of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation (No.АААА-А18-118101190004-2). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
