Characterization of introgression from the teosinte Zea mays ssp. mexicana to Mexican highland maize
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Abstract
Background. The spread of maize cultivation to the highlands of central Mexico was accompanied by substantial introgression from the endemic wild teosinte Zea mays ssp. mexicana, prompting the hypothesis that the transfer of beneficial variation facilitated local adaptation.
Methods. We used novel whole-genome sequence data to map regions of Zea mays ssp. mexicana introgression in three Mexican highland maize individuals. We generated a genetic linkage map and performed Quantitative Trait Locus mapping in an F2 population derived from a cross between lowland and highland maize individuals.
Results. Introgression regions ranged in size from several hundred base pairs to Megabase-scale events. Gene density within introgression regions was comparable to the genome as a whole, and over one thousand annotated genes were located within introgression events. Quantitative Trait Locus mapping identified a small number of loci linked to traits characteristic of Mexican highland maize.
Discussion. Although there was no strong evidence to associate quantitative trait loci with regions of introgression, we nonetheless identified many Mexican highland alleles of introgressed origin that carry potentially functional sequence variants. The impact of introgression on stress tolerance and yield in the highland environment remains to be fully characterized.
Cite this as
2019. Characterization of introgression from the teosinte Zea mays ssp. mexicana to Mexican highland maize. PeerJ Preprints 7:e27489v1 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.27489v1note This preprint is not peer-reviewed. You may wish to reference the subsequent peer-reviewed version of this article.
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This is a submission to PeerJ for review.
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Supplemental Information
SNPs at introgression regions fixed in Mexican highland individuals
Additional Information
Competing Interests
Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra is an Academic Editor for PeerJ.
Author Contributions
Eric Gonzalez-Segovia conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Sergio Pérez-Limon performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Carolina Cíntora-Martínez performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Alejandro Guerrero-Zavala performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Garrett Jansen analyzed the data, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Matthew B Hufford analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra conceived and designed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Ruairidh J H Sawers conceived and designed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
DNA Deposition
The following information was supplied regarding the deposition of DNA sequences:
Genome sequence data is available from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database (PRJNA511379).
Data Deposition
The following information was supplied regarding data availability:
Novel scripts are available at https://github.com/ericgonzalezs/Characterization_of_introgression_from_Zea_mays_ssp._mexicana_to_Mexican_highland_maize.
Funding
This work was supported by UC-MEXUS (CN-15-1476), the National Science Foundation (No. 1546719) and the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CB-2015-01 254012). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
