Integrative taxonomic reassessment of Odontophrynus populations in Argentina and phylogenetic relationships within Odontophrynidae (Anura)
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Abstract
Amphibians are the most vulnerable vertebrates to biodiversity loss mediated by habitat destruction, climate change and diseases. Informed conservation management requires to improve the taxonomy of anurans to assess reliably the species´ geographic range. In this study, we applied robust integrative taxonomic methods combining genetic (allozymes, mitochondrial 16S gene), morphological and behavioural data (advertisement call structure) to delimit species of the genus Odontophrynus sampled from throughout their centre of diversity in Argentina. The combined evidence used to assess the validity of the nominal taxa demonstrates one case of cryptic diversity and another of overestimation of species richness. The tetraploid populations referred to as O. americanus comprise at least two species. In contrast, O. achalensis and O. barrioi represent junior synonyms of the phenotypically plastic species O. occidentalis. We conclude that each of the four species occurring in Argentina possesses networks of populations in medium to large areas. Red list classification is currently “least concern”. We also propose a phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus and associated genera Macrogenioglottus and Proceratophrys (Odontophrynidae) and discuss its implications on advertisement call evolution.
Cite this as
2018. Integrative taxonomic reassessment of Odontophrynus populations in Argentina and phylogenetic relationships within Odontophrynidae (Anura) PeerJ Preprints 6:e27273v1 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.27273v1note This preprint is not peer-reviewed. You may wish to reference the subsequent peer-reviewed version of this article.
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This is a submission to PeerJ for review.
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Supplemental Information
List of Odontophrynus taxa collected from 34 localities in Argentina
Allozyme allele frequencies in eight nominal Odontophrynus taxa
Samples of taxa used for molecular genetic analyses (partial sequences of the 16S rRNA gene), their geographic origins, voucher specimens, GenBank accession numbers, and original sources
Advertisement call of Odontophrynus achalensis
Call recorded at 21.3°C water temperature.
Advertisement call of Odontophrynus cf. achalensis
Call recorded at 16.8°C water temperature.
Advertisement call of Odontophrynus americanus
Call recorded at 19.5°C water temperature.
Advertisement call of Odontophrynus barrioi
Call recorded at 15.1°C water temperature.
Advertisement call of Odontophrynus cf. barrioi
Call recorded at 18.1°C water temperature.
Advertisement call of Odontophrynus cordobae
Call recorded at 19.7°C water temperature.
Advertisement call of Odontophrynus lavillai
Call recorded at 24.3°C water temperature.
Advertisement call of Odontophrynus occidentalis
Call recorded at 17.5°C water temperature.
Additional Information
Competing Interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Author Contributions
Adolfo Ludovico Martino conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Jonas Maximilian Dehling performed the experiments, analyzed the data, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Ulrich Sinsch conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Animal Ethics
The following information was supplied relating to ethical approvals (i.e., approving body and any reference numbers):
Use of vertebrate animals was approved by the Ethics Committee (COEDI) of the Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. (https: //www.unrc. edu.ar/unrc/coedi/index.html).
Field Study Permissions
The following information was supplied relating to field study approvals (i.e., approving body and any reference numbers):
Research and collecting permits were issued by Environmental Secretary of Córdoba Government
DNA Deposition
The following information was supplied regarding the deposition of DNA sequences:
Sequences are submitted to GenBank, but accession numbers are not yet available. They will be added during the publication process. Details on specimens used for sequencing are given supplementary table S3
Data Deposition
The following information was supplied regarding data availability:
Raw data on study locations are listed in supplementary table S1, on Allozyme frequences in S2, on 16S sequences in S3. Additionally, we provide excel-files on the raw morphometric data and the advertisement call features.
Funding
Research was supported with grants from the German Academic exchange agency (DAAD: #A/96/05802; #A/03/22260), the Secretary Research and Technology of National University of Río Cuarto (SECyT-UNRC: #PPI 18C/225), National Agency of Scientific and Technological Promotion (ANPCyT), and Fund for Scientific and Technological Research (FONCyT), Grant PICT 0932/2012 to Adolfo L. Martino. Ulrich Sinsch was funded by the German Academic exchange agency (DAAD: #961 501 027 3; #961 501 006 5), and the Volkswagenstiftung (#I/71 710). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
