Skeletal muscle mitochondrial volume and myozenin-1 protein differences exist between high versus low anabolic responders to resistance training
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Abstract
Background. We sought to examine how 12 weeks of resistance exercise training (RET) affected skeletal muscle myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein levels along with markers of mitochondrial physiology in high versus low anabolic responders. Methods. Untrained college-aged males were classified as anabolic responders in the top 25th percentile [HI; n=13, dual x-ray absorptiometry total body muscle mass change (Δ) =+3.1±0.3 kg, Δ vastus lateralis (VL) thickness =+0.59±0.05 cm, Δ muscle fiber CSA =+1426±253 μm2) and bottom 25th percentile (LO; n=12, +1.1±0.2 kg, +0.24±0.07 cm, +5±209 μm2; p<0.001 for all Δ scores compared to HI]. VL muscle prior to (PRE) and following RET (POST) was assayed for myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein concentrations, myosin and actin protein content, and markers of mitochondrial volume. Myofibrillar protein levels of genes related to new myofibril formation as well as whole lysate PGC1-α protein levels were also assessed. Results. Main effects of cluster (HI>LO, p=0.018, Cohen’s d=0.737) and time (PRE>POST, p=0.037, Cohen’s d=-0.589) were observed for citrate synthase activity, although no significant interaction existed. POST myofibrillar myozenin-1 protein levels were up-regulated in the LO cluster (+25%, p=0.025, Cohen’s d = 0.691). No interactions or main effects existed for other assayed markers. Our data suggest myofibrillar or sarcoplasmic protein concentrations do not differ between HI versus LO anabolic responders prior to or following a 12-week RET program. Discussion. Greater mitochondrial volume in HI responders may have facilitated greater anabolism, and myofibril myozenin-1 protein levels may represent a biomarker that differentiates anabolic responses to RET. However, mechanistic research validating these hypotheses is needed.
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2018. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial volume and myozenin-1 protein differences exist between high versus low anabolic responders to resistance training. PeerJ Preprints 6:e26933v1 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.26933v1Author comment
This is a submission to PeerJ for review.
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Supplemental Information
Raw data (EXL format)
Raw data in EXL format ready to be entered into data processing software (e.g., SPSS).
Raw Coomassie and Western blot images
Raw Coomassie and Western blot images
Additional Information
Competing Interests
Christopher Lockwood is the CEO of Lockwood, LCC where he consults with nutritional supplement companies and mainstream media outlets. He has no competing interests in publishing these data. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Author Contributions
Michael Roberts conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Matthew Romero performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Christopher Mobley performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Petey Mumford performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Paul Roberson performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Cody Haun performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Christopher Vann performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Shelby Osburn performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Hudson Holmes performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Rory Greer performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Christopher Lockwood conceived and designed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Hailey Parry performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Andreas Kavazis performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Human Ethics
The following information was supplied relating to ethical approvals (i.e., approving body and any reference numbers):
This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Auburn University.
Data Deposition
The following information was supplied regarding data availability:
The raw data measurements are provided in supplemental file 1 (EXL format)
Funding
Participant compensation costs were provided through a gift to MDR from Hilmar Ingredients and BioNutritional Research Group. MDR and ANK used discretionary laboratory funds for reagent costs. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.