2,4-dinitrophenol downregulates genes for diabetes and fatty liver in obese mice
- Published
- Accepted
- Subject Areas
- Diabetes and Endocrinology, Pathology, Pharmacology, Metabolic Sciences
- Keywords
- dinitrophenol, obesity, inflammation, diabetes, weight loss
- Copyright
- © 2015 Gao et al.
- Licence
- This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ PrePrints) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
- Cite this article
- 2015. 2,4-dinitrophenol downregulates genes for diabetes and fatty liver in obese mice. PeerJ PrePrints 3:e1229v1 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.1229v1
Abstract
Whether obesity is a disease or a risk factor of chronic diseases including diabetes and fatty liver remains debating. We report here that a high-fat diet (HFD) alone or HFD and intramuscular injection of mice with a high dose (1.2 mg/kg) of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces the peripheral noninflammatory obesity. In contrast, HFD and intraperitoneal injection of mice with a low dose (0.25 mg/kg) of LPS induces the visceral low-grade inflammatory obesity. While the noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)- and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-related genes are globally upregulated in HFD+low-dose LPS mice, NIDDM and NAFLD genes are not extensively upregulated in HFD+high-dose LPS mice. The mitochondrial uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) was found to exert a weight-reducing effect in obese mice by downregulating NF-κB-primed inflammatory response accompanying with NIDDM and NAFLD genes, thereby abrogating inflammatory hepatic injury. In conclusion, visceral low-grade inflammatory obesity that predisposes NIDDM and NAFLD can be ameliorated by DNP via anti-inflammation.
Author Comment
This is a revised submission to PeerJ for review.
Supplemental Information
Cytokine array
Table S1 Raw data of a cytokine/chemokine array
RT-PCR array of cytokines in obese mice
Table S2 Raw data of RT-PCR arrary of cytokine/chemokine transcripts in HFD+1.2mg/kg LPS mice
RT-PCR array of obese mice
Table S3 Raw data of RT-PCR arrary of NAFLD-related transcripts in HFD+0.25mg/kg LPS mice
RT-PCR array of DNP-treated obese mice
Table S4 Raw data of RT-PCR arrary of NAFLD-related transcripts in HFD+0.25mg/kg LPS mice treated by DNP