The effect of achievement motive on social participation, ikigai, and role expectations in community-dwelling elderly people by using cross-sectional research
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Author and article information
Abstract
Background: Achievement motive is defined as the intention to achieve one's goals. It is an important consideration in rehabilitation. However, previous studies have not demonstrated the causal relationship between achievement motive and a more enhanced quality of life such as the concept of ikigai and role expectation. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of achievement motive on ikigai, social participation, and role expectations of community-dwelling elderly people. Method: Participants were community-dwelling elderly people in day-service centers. A total of 281 participants (male: 127, female: 154) answered the self-administered questionnaire in cross-sectional research. The questionnaire comprised demographic data and scales that evaluated achievement motive, social participation, ikigai, and role expectation. We studied the causal relationship established on our hypothesized model by a structural equation modeling approach. Results: We checked the standardized path coefficients and the modification indices, and the modified model were good fit statistics: CFI = .984, TLI = .983, RMSEA = .050, 90% CI [.044, 055]. Achievement motive had a significant direct effect on ikigai (direct effect = .455, p value = .000), a significant indirect effect on ikigai via social participation or role expectation (indirect effect = .170, p value = .000) and a total effect on ikigai (total effect = .615). Discussion: This result suggested that enhancing the intention to achieve one's goals enables participants to feel a spirit of challenge with a purpose and a sense of fulfillment in daily living. At the same time, engaging in important activities for oneself as well as recognizing one's role in society enables participants to experience a willingness to help others. We recommend that rehabilitation therapists collaborate with their clients to form new goals based on the client's achievement motive.
Cite this as
2015. The effect of achievement motive on social participation, ikigai, and role expectations in community-dwelling elderly people by using cross-sectional research. PeerJ PrePrints 3:e1200v1 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.1200v1note This preprint is not peer-reviewed. You may wish to reference the subsequent peer-reviewed version of this article.
Author comment
This study investigated the hypothesis model that achievement motive affects ikigai, social participation, role expectation.
Sections
Supplemental Information
Additional Information
Competing Interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Author Contributions
Nobuyuki Sano conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables.
Makoto Kyougoku conceived and designed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, reviewed drafts of the paper.
Human Ethics
The following information was supplied relating to ethical approvals (i.e., approving body and any reference numbers):
This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Kibi International University (No. 13-34). In addition, we were approval by the facility directors of the institutions that cooperated in this study. We explained to participants that they could freely decide whether to participate in the study and could refuse to answer the questionnaire during this study. We completely protected the privacy of personal information. Furthermore, we obtained written informed consent from all participants.
Funding
The authors received no funding for this work.
