Dinosaur paleohistology: review, trends and new avenues of investigation

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Paleontology and Evolutionary Science

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Introduction

Survey methodology

Inaugural studies on fossil bone and fossil archosaurs

The “growth age” of dinosaur histology

Growth and physiology

Dinosaur growth and physiology

The evolution of avian growth

Recent advances in the maturity assessment of dinosaur specimens

Lines of arrested growth and skeletal maturity

Medullary bone and sexual maturity

XXIst century trends: skull histology

Dinosaur skull histology and growth

Other new potential areas of investigation for dinosaur skull histology

Histological correlates of cranial muscle attachments

Timing of evolution of dinosaurian cranial tissues and “avian” secondary cartilage

Skeletal tissues and cranial biomechanics

Other dinosaurian tissues

Dinosaur oral histology

Molecular paleontology: a new way to study the tissues of dinosaurs?

Conclusions

Some unresolved questions

Some methodological and technical insights

New avenues: soft-tissues and biomolecules as an integral part of XXIst century paleohistology and paleontology

Additional Information and Declarations

Competing Interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author Contributions

Alida M. Bailleul conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.

Jingmai O’Connor conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.

Mary H. Schweitzer conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.

Data Availability

The following information was supplied regarding data availability:

The data in this article are the photographs which are figures in the article.

Funding

This work was supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences-President’s International Fellowship Initiative Program (CAS-PIFI), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41688103), NSF INSPIRE (EAR-1344198), the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, and Franklin Orr and Susan Packard Orr. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

 
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Dear Authors

The review is, of course, highlighting a particular research field which positively believes that there is evidence of more labile biomolecules in Mesozoic fossils, which is entirely based on antibody immunisation experiments and limited perspectives from other approaches to protein detection.

Antibody immunisation was a widely used methodology in archaeological studies in the...

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