OC kappa increases in the levels of glucose, trehalose, TOR-P and transcripts encoding proteins involved in photosynthesis, and basal and secondary metabolisms in Eucalyptus globulus
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Abstract
Oligo-carrageenan (OC) kappa increases net photosynthesis, and basal and secondary metabolism enzyme activities in Eucalyptus globulus trees. Here, trees were sprayed on leaves with water (control) or with OC kappa 1 mg ml-1, once a week, four times in total, and cultivated for 17 additional weeks (21 weeks in total). Height, level of glucose, trehalose, TOR phosphorylated in Ser2448 (TOR-P) and transcripts encoding TOR and S6 kinase (S6K) as well as the level of transcripts encoding proteins and enzymes involved in glucose accumulation, photosynthesis, C, N and S assimilation, and synthesis of phenylpropanoid compounds (PPCs) and terpenes were determined. Treated trees showed an increase in height of 105% compared to controls at week 21. Treated trees showed an increase in glucose and trehalose level having an oscillatory pattern with maximal levels for glucose at week 1, 9-11 and 17-19, and for trehalose at weeks 1-3, 5, 8-9, 12, 15-16 and 18-21. TOR-P showed increases from week 1 until the end of the experiment with peaks at weeks 2, 6, 12 and 16. The level of tor transcripts showed peaks at weeks 3, 6, 10-11 and 13 whereas the level of s6k transcripts remained unchanged. In addition, transcripts encoding proteins involved in photosynthesis, and enzymes involved in glucose accumulation, C, N and S assimilation, and synthesis of secondary metabolites showed an oscillatory pattern with increases mainly at weeks 3-4, 5-6, 10-11, and in some cases at weeks 13-14 and 16-18. Thus, the increases in trehalose levels better correlate with increases in TOR-P and transcript levels. Therefore, OC kappa induced an increase in the levels of glucose, trehalose, TOR-P and expression of genes involved in photosynthesis, and basal and secondary metabolism which may explain, at least in part, the increase in growth and defense responses in E. globulus trees.
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2018. OC kappa increases in the levels of glucose, trehalose, TOR-P and transcripts encoding proteins involved in photosynthesis, and basal and secondary metabolisms in Eucalyptus globulus . PeerJ Preprints 6:e26500v1 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.26500v1Author comment
This is a submission to PeerJ for review.
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Supplemental Information
Western blot raw film images
Film images of Western blot using anti-TRP-P and anti-RbcL
Primer sequences for Eucalyptus qPCR
Primer sequences for qPCR of metabolic genes of Eucalyptus globulus, detailing annealing temperature and product size.
Additional Information
Competing Interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Author Contributions
Silvia Saucedo conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Alberto González performed the experiments, analyzed the data, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Melissa Gómez performed the experiments, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Rodrigo A Contreras performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Daniel Laporte performed the experiments, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Claudio A Sáez analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Gustavo Zúñiga analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Alejandra Moenne conceived and designed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft.
Data Deposition
The following information was supplied regarding data availability:
Figshare, Saucedo et al 2018:
Funding
This work was funded by Sirius Natura S.A. and VRIDEI-USACH. Silvia Saucedo was financed by SENECYT-Ecuador, Convocatoria 2011. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
