Selection and sex-biased dispersal: the influence of philopatry on adaptive variation
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Abstract
Sex-biased dispersal is expected to homogenize nuclear genetic variation relative to variation in genetic material inherited through the philopatric sex. When site fidelity occurs across a heterogeneous environment, local selective regimes may alter this pattern. We assessed spatial patterns of variation in nuclear-encoded, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and sequences of the mitochondrial control region in bonnethead sharks (Sphyrna tiburo) collected, a species thought to exhibit female philopatry, from summer habitat used for gestation. Geographic patterns of mtDNA haplotypes and putatively neutral SNPs confirmed female philopatry and male-mediated gene flow along the northeastern coast of the Gulf of Mexico. A total of 30 outlier SNP loci were identified; alleles at over half of these loci exhibited signatures of latitude-associated selection. Our results indicate that in species with sex-biased dispersal, philopatry can facilitate sorting of locally adaptive variation, with the dispersing sex facilitating movement of potentially adaptive variation among locations and environments.
Cite this as
2015. Selection and sex-biased dispersal: the influence of philopatry on adaptive variation. PeerJ PrePrints 3:e1300v2 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.1300v2Author comment
This version now matches the peer-reviewed publication:
Portnoy, D. S., Puritz, J. B., Hollenbeck, C. M., Gelsleichter, J., Chapman, D. and Gold, J. R. (2015), Selection and sex-biased dispersal in a coastal shark: the influence of philopatry on adaptive variation. Molecular Ecology, 24: 5877–5885. doi: 10.1111/mec.13441
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/mec.13441/full
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Figure 1
Figure 1. Sampling of bonnethead sharks obtained off North Carolina (NC, blue), Florida Bay (FB, red), Tampa Bay (TB, orange) and Panama City (PC, yellow); with number of individuals sampled at each locality indicated, results of discriminant analysis of principle components for (A) putatively neutral N-SNP loci, (B) outlier O-SNP loci putatively under selection, with prior group membership defined by sample locality, and (C) outlier O-SNP loci putatively under selection, with prior group membership based on k-means clustering. D: Representative allele frequencies of three O-SNP loci (left to right, E66074, E109425, E106435) that contributed ~24% to the distribution of individuals along the X axis. Colours represent sample locations for all figures.
Additional Information
Competing Interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Author Contributions
David S Portnoy conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.
Jonathan B Puritz conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.
Christopher M Hollenbeck conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.
James Gelsleichter conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.
Demian Chapman conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.
John R Gold conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.
Field Study Permissions
The following information was supplied relating to field study approvals (i.e., approving body and any reference numbers):
Florida field sampling was conducted under research permits issued by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission to Mote Marine Laboratory.
DNA Deposition
The following information was supplied regarding the deposition of DNA sequences:
These will be provided prior to publication
Data Deposition
The following information was supplied regarding data availability:
Please find data at http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.7k4c1
Funding
Work was supported by funds provided to DSP by the College of Science and Engineering at Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi. Many Florida samples were collected using support from Environmental Protection Agency grant #R826128-01-0 to C.A. Manire. Although the research described in this article has been funded in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to the Agency’s required peer and policy review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.