Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on breastfeeding support for healthy mothers and the association between compliance with WHO recommendations for breastfeeding support and exclusive breastfeeding in Japan

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Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on breastfeeding support for healthy mothers and the association between compliance with WHO recommendations for breastfeeding support and exclusive breastfeeding in Japan https://t.co/U2kmCEVVjg @thePeerJ https://t.co/aGmxOFkDoq
Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on breastfeeding support for healthy mothers and the association between compliance with WHO recommendations for breastfeeding support and exclusive breastfeeding in Japan Full article https://t.co/OM8aD1JXOU #Coronaviruses #PublicHealth https://t.co/uy1TfUeBPH
Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on breastfeeding support for healthy mothers and the association between compliance with WHO recommendations for breastfeeding support and exclusive breastfeeding in Japan Full article https://t.co/Ct96pV0dLE #Coronaviruses #PublicHealth https://t.co/PFR5tRsU5v
Global Health

Main article text

 

Introduction

Materials & Methods

Study design and participants

Measurements

Breastfeeding support from medical professionals

Infant feeding status

Breastfeeding intention and other factors that might affect breastfeeding

Analysis

Ethical considerations

Results

Characteristics of participants

Infant feeding support from medical professionals before and during the pandemic

Feeding status of infants younger than 5 months

Number of steps practiced and feeding status of infants younger than 5 months

Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding during the 24 h before the survey

Discussion

Conclusions

Supplemental Information

Completed STROBE checklist

The STROBE checklist with the page numbers from the manuscript where readers will find each of the items listed below. The page numbers correspond to the submitted manuscript, not the published version.

DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13347/supp-1

Definitions and measurement of the ten steps to successful breastfeeding

The left column shows the summary of each step. The right column explains how each step was measured or why the step was not measured.

DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13347/supp-2

Questionnaire with English translation

DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13347/supp-3

Additional Information and Declarations

Competing Interests

The authors declare there are no competing interests.

Author Contributions

Keiko Nanishi conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, and approved the final draft.

Sumiyo Okawa, Sarah K. Abe and Takahiro Tabuchi conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, and approved the final draft.

Hiroko Hongo performed the experiments, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, and approved the final draft.

Akira Shibanuma analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, and approved the final draft.

Human Ethics

The following information was supplied relating to ethical approvals (i.e., approving body and any reference numbers):

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Osaka International Cancer Institute (No. 20084) and the Ethical Committee of the Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo (No. 2020336NI).

Data Availability

The following information was supplied regarding data availability:

The data is available at Zenodo: Keiko Nanishi. (2021). Breastfeeding support during COVID-19 pandemic in Japa [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5775279.

Funding

This study was funded by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grants, 18H03062 (Takahiro Tabuchi) and 21H04856 (Takahiro Tabuchi and Sumiyo Okawa). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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