Discovery of a few photosynthesis models through red light absorbance-transmittance of the e1 leaf sectors of newly bred hybrids of maize (Zea mays L.)
- Published
- Accepted
- Subject Areas
- Agricultural Science, Genetics, Plant Science, Soil Science
- Keywords
- red light absorbance, threshold chl, threshold SPAD, Green car model, Diversity model, threshold N conc, RATA Makai, no car-no food model, photosynthesis model, threshold N in maize leaf
- Copyright
- © 2015 Adhikari et al.
- Licence
- This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ PrePrints) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
- Cite this article
- 2015. Discovery of a few photosynthesis models through red light absorbance-transmittance of the e1 leaf sectors of newly bred hybrids of maize (Zea mays L.) PeerJ PrePrints 3:e1477v3 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.1477v3
Abstract
Background: Pipeline hybrids of maize must be evaluated very intensively and from several perspectives in order to extract reliability of success of the hybrids in farmers’ field before their release as cultivars and to extract some useful physiology preferably photosynthesis and tolerance of green LS (leaf sectors) under biotic and abiotic stresses as scientists’ bonus. For it, five pipeline single cross hybrids of yellow maize have been examined from the standpoint of photosynthetic potentiality of central leaf and nutrient mobilization from it to ear for grain fill. Materials and methods: Just above ear (e1) leaf have been minutely examined through ratio of absorbance to transmittance of red light of 650 nm (RAT) measure, chl and N concentration (conc). From correlation coefficients (r) computed between grain yield (GY) and frequency of LS of varying RAT SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis and Development) measures, chl and N conc; a few photosynthesis models have been proposed to explain leaf physiologies and its effects on GY. Results and discussions: Through analysis of frequency distribution of RAT measures and r between GY and frequency of LS of varying RAT (SPAD) measure, RATA Makai model has been proposed to explain for a variety of efficiency of antennae to harvest light energy especially red photons and transfer the energy to reaction centers (RCs). Antenna has been classified into functional, semi-functional and least functional based on their contribution on GY. Next is diversity model to explain existence of two types of diversity of leaf sector such as narrow and wide diversity on the central maize leaf based on r between GY and frequency of LS of varying RAT. This sort of LS diversity study helps classify nature of LS based on RAT and or chl and N conc. A few more models proposed in it are NARC (Nitrogen Concentration in Antenna and Reaction Centers) and PAY (Protein Amounts and its effects on Yield) based on r between GY and leaf N and protein amounts. In addition; strong positive r has been found between GY and the frequencies of the LS of 46-52 RAT SPAD; 46-56 μg cm-2 of chl conc and 2-2.3% N of dry weight; This way, we proposed about threshold and upper limit of the RAT SPAD, chl and N conc in maize leaves. It implies that cells in the RAT SPAD range 46-52 are genotype based multiplicative, physiologically active and competent to make their identity in the e1 leaf of the hybrids for GY contribution. Furthermore, next model of “green car” has been proposed for four kinds of proportion of green and carotenoid (car) conc: high green-high car, high green-low car, low green-high car and low green-low car on maize leaves and their effects on grain yield and dry matter production. We can extract a model of no car-no food from the existence of effect phenomena of high green-low car conc on the low dry matter and GYs in maize.
Author Comment
The new version includes some minor changes in the abstract and additional information
Supplemental Information
Tables for: Summary of materials, methods, analyzed and tabulated data of red light absorbance-transmittance measure through maize leaf for discovery of photosynthesis models
Sup Table 1: Details of research site of the trials Sup Table 2: Details of planting and management of the hybrid maize of the trials grown in winter in Nepal in the year of 2012AUT-2013 SPR. Sup Table 3: Intercultural management of the plants of the trials Sup Table 4: General morphological, physiological and yield traits of the pipeline hybrids Sup Table 5: Frequency distribution of e1 leaf sectors of varying SPAD measure, chlorophyll and nitrogen content. Sup Table 6: Variance analysis of the frequencies of the leaf sectors under different SPAD ranges. Sup Table 7: Variance analysis of the SPAD measure of e1 leaf of pipeline hybrids as factor A and type of averages as factor B.