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Supplemental Information

Supplemental Methods, Figures, and Tables

This file contains additional information about the methods used to estimate red snow abundances, and has additional figures and tables.

DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.1341v1/supp-1

Landsat IDs

This file lists the Landsat IDs used for satellite image analysis of snow/ice/red snow abundances. Images can be acquired freely at: http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/

DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.1341v1/supp-2

Additional Information

Competing Interests

The authors declare they have no competing interests.

Author Contributions

Nao Hisakawa performed the experiments, analyzed the data, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Steven Quistad conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Eric R Hester performed the experiments, analyzed the data, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Daria Martynova performed the experiments, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Heather Maughan analyzed the data, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Enric Sala performed the experiments, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Maria Gavrilo performed the experiments, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools.

Forest Rohwer conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Field Study Permissions

The following information was supplied relating to field study approvals (i.e., approving body and any reference numbers):

Permitting for this work was from the Russian Federation (Ministry of Education and Research #71; June 3, 2013).

DNA Deposition

The following information was supplied regarding the deposition of DNA sequences:

MG-RAST id numbers: 4614610.3, 4614611.3, and 4614609.3

Funding

This work is supported by Russkaya Arktika (Russian Arctic) National Park (a Federal State-Funded Organization; 57 Soviet Cosmonaut Avenue; Arkhangel'sk 163031) and the National Geographic Society (Washington DC). Sequencing was paid for by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (FR). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


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