Coral larvae for restoration and research: a large-scale method for rearing Acropora millepora larvae, inducing settlement, and establishing symbiosis

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Introduction

Materials and Methods

Coral spawning, gamete fertilization and larval rearing

Stocking density optimization

Crustose coralline algae strain optimization

Taxonomic characterization of CCA communities

CCA dosage experiments

Symbiodinium isolation culturing

Symbiodinium infection optimization

Statistical analysis

Results

Coral larval density optimization

Settlement cue optimization

CCA community

CCA dosage

Symbiodinium infection optimization

Discussion

Stocking density optimization

Settlement cue optimization

Symbiodinium infection optimization

Conclusions

Supplemental Information

Supplemental Materials

Supplementary Materials and Methods, Supplementary Figures, and Supplementary Table

DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3732/supp-1

Additional Information and Declarations

Competing Interests

The authors declare there are no competing interests.

Author Contributions

F. Joseph Pollock, Sefano M. Katz, Jeroen A.J.M. van de Water, Sarah Davies and Gergely Torda conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Margaux Hein conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, wrote the paper, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Mikhail V. Matz performed the experiments, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Victor H. Beltran, Patrick Buerger and Eneour Puill-Stephan and David Abrego performed the experiments, wrote the paper, reviewed drafts of the paper.

David G. Bourne conceived and designed the experiments, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Bette L. Willis conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Field Study Permissions

The following information was supplied relating to field study approvals (i.e., approving body and any reference numbers):

This work was approved by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (permit number G10/33312.1).

DNA Deposition

The following information was supplied regarding the deposition of DNA sequences:

All sequence files have been deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information’s BioProject archive under accession number PRJNA331102.

Data Availability

The following information was supplied regarding data availability:

Pollock, Frederic (2017): Coral larvae rearing for restoration and research. figshare.

https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4737844.v1.

Funding

This project was funded by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies (CEO561435) to B Willis, and the National Science Foundation (DEB-1054766) to Mikhail V. Matz. Sarah Davies is a Simons Foundation Fellow of the Life Sciences Research Foundation. There was no additional external funding received for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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