Abstract

In various sources, the terms referee, reviewer, peer review, and assessor may be used to refer to scientific peer review. The three most common types of peer review are single-anonymized, double-anonymized, and open. Peer reviews are evolving continuously. Primary healthcare constitutes the most important level in the provision of health services, and family physicians play a significant role in delivering healthcare at this level. Some of their duties include providing preventive health services targeted at individuals; offering primary-level diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and counseling services; planning examinations and treatments by observing patients when necessary; and implementing plans to protect and improve health. In this study, the aim is to evaluate the “Scientific Publication Evaluation” training that was developed for residents receiving specialty training at the Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University. This study was designed as a program evaluation method using a quantitative research design. This study developed an educational programme based on Kern’s six-step approach. The program content was structured in accordance with Kern’s six-step model. Subsequently, objectives were set aiming for participants to acquire both theoretical knowledge and practical skills. The content was shaped through theoretical briefings and practical article review sessions, and activities, such as lectures, Q&A, and group discussions, were conducted. The program was evaluated using pre- and post-tests, a checklist, and a satisfaction survey. A total of 46 specialty trainees participated in the study. Data regarding peer review criteria before the training indicated that scores were at a moderate level, and there were notable knowledge gaps in some critical areas (such as the format of the abstract, summarizing quantitative data, and clarity of methods). The results revealed that training significantly improved participants’ peer-review knowledge and skills. Although voluntary participation of specialty trainees in this study is considered a limitation, it is highly valuable in terms of raising awareness about scientific processes among specialty trainees. We believe that studies involving larger numbers and covering different disciplines can enhance awareness and readiness regarding the scientific publication evaluation process.