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A systematic literature review on the use of blockchain technology in disaster management

distributed-and-parallel-computing
emerging-technologies
security-and-privacy
internet-of-things
blockchain

Abstract

This article presents a systematic literature review of blockchain technology, which is increasingly being utilized in disaster response efforts. The primary aim of this study is to examine existing research on the application of blockchain in disaster management and to identify research gaps for future investigation. A search was conducted in the Web of Science database using the keywords “blockchain” and “disaster,” resulting in the inclusion of 45 studies that applied blockchain technology in disaster management.

Descriptive information about these studies is presented, along with content analyses based on their objectives, scope, and the specific blockchain technologies employed. The findings show that blockchain is used in various areas of disaster management, including prevention, recovery, resource management, logistics, risk management, relief operations, data communication, and supply chain applications. Frequently used technologies include smart contracts, Hyperledger Fabric, distributed ledgers, and consensus protocols.

Given the growing global importance of disaster management and its role in sustainable development, it is increasingly critical to implement policies and strategies that prevent future disaster risks, reduce existing vulnerabilities, and manage residual threats. This study highlights the preferred blockchain technologies in disaster management and explores their potential applications, offering insights for future research and practical implementation.

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