So animals can hide in a crowd visually, but also olfactorily. Makes me wonder how sound can be used to hide. Maybe harder for predators to hear prey (or vice-versa) in noisy locations, like beside waterfalls, traffic, waves, water current disturbance underwater, windy days.

This is a clever study that shows prey aggregations increase survival compared to dispersed prey even with no visual cues in both the lab and the field. How would these survival rates compare to no cues (neither visual nor olfactory)? It seems as if dispersed prey would increase encounter rates, which could decrease prey survival, given enough time, without any cues at all.