Effects of anesthetics pentobarbital sodium and chloral hydrate on urine proteome
- Published
- Accepted
- Subject Areas
- Biochemistry
- Keywords
- Urine proteome, Anesthesia, Biomarkers
- Copyright
- © 2015 Zhao et al.
- Licence
- This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ PrePrints) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
- Cite this article
- 2015. Effects of anesthetics pentobarbital sodium and chloral hydrate on urine proteome. PeerJ PrePrints 3:e782v1 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.782v1
Abstract
Background. Urine can be a better source than blood for biomarker discovery since it accumulates many changes. The urine proteome is susceptible to many factors including anesthesia. Pentobarbital sodium and chloral hydrate are commonly used anesthetics in animal experiments.
Methods. This study demonstrated effects of these two anesthetics on the rat urine proteome using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
Results. With anesthesia, the urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio of all rats increased two fold. The relative abundance of 22 and 23 urinary proteins were changed with pentobarbital sodium or chloral hydrate anesthesia, respectively, as determined by label-free quantification. Among these changed proteins, fifteen had been considered as candidate biomarkers such as uromodulin, sixteen had been considered stable in healthy human urine, which are more likely to be considered as potential biomarkers when changed, such as transferrin.
Discussion. The pattern of changed urinary proteins provides clues to the discovery of urinary proteins regulatory mechanisms. When determining candidate biomarker, anesthetic-related effects can be excluded in future biomarker discovery studies. Since anesthetics take effects via nervous system, this study is the first to provide clues that protein handling function of kidney may possibly be regulated by nervous system.
Author Comment
This is a submission to PeerJ for review.
Supplemental Information
Label-free quantitation data of proteins identified in both anesthesia
A) Label-free quantitation data of proteins identified in pentobarbital sodium group. B) Label-free quantitation data of proteins identified in chloral hydrate group.