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Additional Information

Competing Interests

The authors declare they have no competing interests.

Author Contributions

D Keith McInnes conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Gemmae M Fix conceived and designed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Jeffrey L Solomon analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Beth Ann Petrakis performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Leon Sawh conceived and designed the experiments, reviewed drafts of the paper.

David A Smelson conceived and designed the experiments, reviewed drafts of the paper, helped secure funding and provided research assistants to help with interviews.

Human Ethics

The following information was supplied relating to ethical approvals (i.e., approving body and any reference numbers):

Institutional Review Board of the Edith Nourse Rogers

Memorial Veterans Hospital, Bedford, Massachusetts (Approval #0008)

Funding

This work was supported by three Department of Veterans Affairs entities: National Center for Homelessness among Veterans; the HIV/Hepatitis Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (HHQ 12-001); and, the eHealth Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (EHQ 52-009). They paid research assistants' salaries. In addition DK McInnes was supported by a Department of Veterans Affairs Career Development Award (CDA 09-016). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


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