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A possible bivoltine development of several bumblebee species in Europe

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1 Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
2 Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Arkhangelsk, Russia
DOI
10.7287/peerj.preprints.3445v1
Published
Accepted
Subject Areas
Entomology
Keywords
Bumblebees, two generations, Europe, climatic conditions
Copyright
© 2017 Potapov et al.
Licence
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ Preprints) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
Cite this article
Potapov G, Kolosova Y, Bolotov I. 2017. A possible bivoltine development of several bumblebee species in Europe. PeerJ Preprints 5:e3445v1

Abstract

This article is devoted to an analysis of the possible bivoltine development of several bumblebee species in Europe. This study is based on materials collected by the authors in European countries and in the European North of Russia. Our records reveal that several bumblebee species may have at least two generations per season. We found the possibility of bivoltine development for the following species: Bombus hortorum (Slovakia and France), B. terrestris (Slovakia, France and the Isle of Crete off the east coast of Greece), B. pratorum (France and European North of Russia), and B. jonellus (European North of Russia).

Author Comment

This is a submission to PeerJ for review.

Additional Information

Competing Interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author Contributions

Grigory Potapov conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Yulia Kolosova conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Ivan Bolotov conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, reviewed drafts of the paper.

Field Study Permissions

The following information was supplied relating to field study approvals (i.e., approving body and any reference numbers):

Sampling on the Russian Federation territory (Solovetsky Archipelago) was permitted within the framework of the special grants of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR, no. 16-05-00854), the Ministry of Science and Education of Russia (no. 6.2343.2017), and the President of Russia Grant Council (no. MD-7660.2016.5). Additionally, sampling on the Solovetsky Archipelago was permitted by the Directorate of the Federal State Cultural Institution “Solovetsky State Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve” (scientific agreement no. 111-p). Sampling from the European counties was permitted by scientific agreement of 01.01.2011 between the Institute of Ecological Problems of the North of the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Hydrology of the Slovak Academy of Science.

Data Deposition

The following information was supplied regarding data availability:

The raw data/code is included in the manuscript (Table 1).

Funding

This study was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (project no. 6.2343.2017), the President of Russia Grant Council (project no. MD-7660.2016.5), and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR (project no. 16-05-00854). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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