Whole genome sequencing of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa isolated from the chewing stick (Distemonanthus benthamianus): insights into Rhodotorula phylogeny, mitogenome dynamics and carotenoid biosynthesis

Centre for Integrative Ecology-School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
Genomics Facility, Monash University, Selangor, Malaysia
School of Science, Monash University, Selangor, Malaysia
College of Health Science and Technology, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, United States
Thomas H. Gosnell School of School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, USA
DOI
10.7287/peerj.preprints.3219v2
Subject Areas
Biotechnology, Genomics, Microbiology, Mycology, Plant Science
Keywords
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, carotenoid, phylogenomics, endophyte, next-generation sequencing, chew sticks mitogenome, Distemonanthus benthamianus
Copyright
© 2017 Gan et al.
Licence
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ Preprints) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
Cite this article
Gan HM, Thomas BN, Cavanaugh NT, Morales GH, Mayers AN, Savka MA, Hudson AO. 2017. Whole genome sequencing of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa isolated from the chewing stick (Distemonanthus benthamianus): insights into Rhodotorula phylogeny, mitogenome dynamics and carotenoid biosynthesis. PeerJ Preprints 5:e3219v2

Abstract

In industry, the yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa is commonly used for the production of carotenoids. The production of carotenoids is important because they are used as natural colorants in food and some carotenoids are precursors of retinol (vitamin A). However, the identification and molecular characterization of the carotenoid pathway/s in species belonging to the genus Rhodotorula is scarce due to the lack of genomic information thus potentially impeding effective metabolic engineering of these yeast strains for improved carotenoid production. In this study, we report the isolation, identification, characterization and the whole nuclear genome and mitogenome sequence of the endophyte R. mucilaginosa RIT389 isolated from Distemonanthus benthamianus, a plant known for its anti-fungal and antibacterial properties and commonly used as chewing sticks. The assembled genome of R. mucilaginosa RIT389 is 19 Mbp in length with an estimated genomic heterozygosity of 9.29%. Whole genome phylogeny supports the species designation of strain RIT389 within the genus in addition to validating the monophyly of the genus Rhodotorula. Further, we report for the first time, the recovery of the complete mitochondrial genome of R. mucilaginosa using the genome skimming approach. The assembled mitogenome is at least 7,000 bases larger than that of Rhodotorula taiwanensis which is largely attributed to the presence of large intronic regions containing open reading frames coding for homing endonuclease from the LAGLIDADG and GIY-YIG families. Furthermore, genomic regions containing the key genes for carotenoid production were identified in R. mucilaginosa RIT389, revealing differences in gene synteny that may play a role in the regulation of the biotechnologically important carotenoid synthesis pathways in yeasts.

Author Comment

The only change made was to correct the spelling of one of the authors (Nicole Cavanaugh). The last name which was incorrect in the original version.

Supplemental Information

Identification of proteins associated with the biosynthesis of carotenoid in Rhodotorula and Spriobolus

Identification of proteins associated with the biosynthesis of carotenoid in Rhodotorula and Spriobolus

DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.3219v2/supp-1