Growth hormone gene polymorphism associated with grow-out performance of Oreochromis niloticus strains
- Published
- Accepted
- Subject Areas
- Aquaculture, Fisheries and Fish Science
- Keywords
- Microsatellites, STR, Nile tilapia, Promoter, GH, Polymorphism, Aquaculture
- Copyright
- © 2018 Dias et al.
- Licence
- This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ Preprints) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
- Cite this article
- 2018. Growth hormone gene polymorphism associated with grow-out performance of Oreochromis niloticus strains. PeerJ Preprints 6:e26592v1 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.26592v1
Abstract
Introgressive crossbreeding between Red-Stirling and Chitralada tilapia was carried out to assess the association of STR loci polymorphisms located in the growth hormone (GH1) promoter and intron-I with growth performance. The growth of seven genetic groups was assessed using a mixed linear model. We considered sex, age, and initial weight class of each animal as fixed effects, while genetic group, STR-promoter, and STR-intron were considered as random effects. We found six alleles in the STR-promoter, which were arranged in 18 of the 21 genotypic possible combinations. Alleles 191 and 196 of the STR-promoter correspond to 80% of the assessed individuals’ total alleles, and genotypes 196/196, 191/196, and 196/201 were the most frequent. We found only three alleles in the STR-intron. The loci STR-promoter showed a significant association with the animals’ weight. Genotypes 181/181, 181/191, and 196/206 showed better average performance, and genotypes 196/201, 201/201, and 191/196 showed the worst performance. The polymorphism in the STR-intron was not associated with fish weight. The proposed approach is unprecedented for STR found in the GH1 gene. The observed association indicates that GH1 gene polymorphism could be used as a tool in tilapia breeding programs.
Author Comment
This is a submission to PeerJ for review.
Supplemental Information
Alignments of the 5’ flanking region and initial region of finfish growth hormone (GH) gene. Alignment of 1,598 bp of the 5’ flanking region, 5’ UTR, Exon 1, Intron 1 and Exon 2
GH gene of the Oreochromis niloticus (On), Oreochromis mossambicus (Om), Sparus aurata (Sa) and Fugu rubripes (Fr). The TATA box, +1, the putative binding sites to transcription factors and microsatellites are highlighted in different colors (see legend). Putative binding sites for transcription factors were identified based on two previous works: Almuly et al. (2005) and Sekkali et al. (1999).
Molecular and performance raw data used in the univariate mixed model
Individual: individual number tag, Gen_Grou: Genetic group, Loci_GH: STR genotype of promoter GH, Loci_Intron: STR genotype of GH Intron 1, Body weight (BWe), Standard length (SL), Body height (BH), Body width (BWi), Head height (HH), Head length (HL).