Estimation of bovine pelvic limb inertial properties using an elliptical model
- Published
- Accepted
- Subject Areas
- Animal Behavior, Bioengineering, Veterinary Medicine
- Keywords
- biomechanics, cattle, inertial properties, elliptical model, tomography, bovine
- Copyright
- © 2016 Paolucci et al.
- Licence
- This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ Preprints) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
- Cite this article
- 2016. Estimation of bovine pelvic limb inertial properties using an elliptical model. PeerJ Preprints 4:e2395v1 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.2395v1
Abstract
Development of new techniques and appropriate equipment for treatment of long bone fractures in bovines has been an objective of recent veterinary research. Accurate estimates of body segment inertial parameters (BSIP) are essential for determination of forces acting on limbs and play an important role in an appropriate prosthesis development. The aim of the present study is to examine the mass distribution properties and to suggest a geometric model of bovine right pelvic limb based on these mass distribution properties. Four Holstein breed male calves were filmed by one high-speed camera while walking on a force plate. The animals and two cadaveric specimens were examined in axial computer tomography scanner and the images were exported in DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine) format into a set of software and a computational model was obtained. This model provided information for geometric model construction. Measures of segmental mass, positions of segmental center of mass (CoM) and longitudinal moment of inertia (MoI) of segments of the right pelvic limb were estimated based on the proposed model. These estimates were compared with measurements obtained from a computational model and showed consistent accuracy. This study not only presents a technique that may be applied to other body segments and to different species, but also provides insight into bovine musculoskeletal system necessary to improve the models for dynamic analysis of movement and our understanding of bovine gait.
Author Comment
This is a submission to PeerJ for review.
Supplemental Information
Elliptical model of the human lower leg
Source: Durkin e Dowling (2006).
Flowchart of software and procedures related to geometric model construction
The software’s name is shown in the white boxes and the respective software function in the light-gray boxes.
Bony landmarks and limb segments
A) Bony landmarks chosen for measurements, similar to Herlin and Drevemo (1997) and Phillips and Morris (2001). (A) ground contact point; (B) point representing metatarsophalangeal joint; (C) point representing tibiotarsal joint; (D) point representing femorotibial joint (E) point representing coxofemural joint. B) Segments to measure.
Source: Author’s database.
Acquisition of CT images at the Veterinary Hospital UFMG
Source: Author’s database.
Tomography images of the pelvic limb of a calf
Lighter regions correspond to bone and parts in gray to soft tissues .
Source: Author’s database.
Software and procedures associated with determining the computational model in SolidWorks
Source: Author’s database.
Three-dimensional sections in the calf right pelvic limb
Source: Author’s database.
Distribution mass for each segment
A) Segment AB, B) Segment BC, C) Segment CD, D) Segment DE. Bone mass in blue; soft tissue mass in red and section mass in green (bone mass plus soft tissue mass).
Source: author’s database.
Flowchart of software and procedures related to tomographic model construction
The software’s name is shown in the white boxes, respective software function in the light-gray boxes, and the file types in dark-gray boxes.
Geometric models built in SolidWorks
Segment AB; Segment BC; Segment CD; Segment DE.
Source: author’s database.