Largest global shark biomass found in the northern Galápagos Islands of Darwin and Wolf

Department of Marine Sciences, Charles Darwin Research Station, Puerto Ayora, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador
Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, USA
Fisheries Ecology Research Lab, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
DOI
10.7287/peerj.preprints.1872v1
Subject Areas
Aquaculture, Fisheries and Fish Science, Ecology, Environmental Sciences, Marine Biology
Keywords
Galapagos, Marine Protected Areas, Marine Reserves, Sharks, Pelagics, Conservation, Biomass, Fish, Eastern Tropical Pacific, Darwin
Copyright
© 2016 Salinas de León et al.
Licence
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ Preprints) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
Cite this article
Salinas de León P, Acuña-Marrero D, Rastoin E, Friedlander AM, Donovan MK, Sala E. 2016. Largest global shark biomass found in the northern Galápagos Islands of Darwin and Wolf. PeerJ Preprints 4:e1872v1

Abstract

Overfishing has dramatically depleted sharks and other large predatory fishes worldwide except for a few remote and/or well-protected areas. The islands of Darwin and Wolf in the far north of the Galapagos Marine Reserve (GMR) are known for their large shark abundance, making them a global scuba diving and conservation hotspot. Here we report quantitative estimates of fish abundance at Darwin and Wolf over two consecutive years using stereo-video surveys, which reveal the largest reef fish biomass ever reported (17.5 t ha-1 on average), consisting largely of sharks. Despite this, the abundance of reef fishes around the GMR, such as groupers, has been severely reduced because of unsustainable fishing practices. Although Darwin and Wolf are within the GMR, they were not fully protected from fishing until March 2016. Given the ecological value and the economic importance of Darwin and Wolf for the dive tourism industry, the current protection should ensure the long-term conservation of this hotspot of unique global value.

Author Comment

This version has been accepted for publication at PeerJ after peer review.

Supplemental Information

Fish biomass 2014, 2015 without sharks

DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.1872v1/supp-2

Supplementary Information file

DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.1872v1/supp-3