The effect of agmatine on trichothecene type B and zearalenone production in Fusarium graminearum, F. culmorum and F. poae
- Published
- Accepted
- Subject Areas
- Agricultural Science, Mycology
- Keywords
- zearalenone, Fusarenon-x, deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, 3-acetylated deoxynivalenol, 15-acetylaed deoxynivalenol, toxin induction
- Copyright
- © 2015 Pasquali et al.
- Licence
- This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ PrePrints) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
- Cite this article
- 2015. The effect of agmatine on trichothecene type B and zearalenone production in Fusarium graminearum, F. culmorum and F. poae . PeerJ PrePrints 3:e1522v1 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.1522v1
Abstract
Agmatine and other putrescines are known strong inducers of deoxynivalenol (DON) production in Fusarium graminearum. Other important cereal species produce DON and/or other trichothecene type B toxins (3 acetylated DON, 15 Acetylated DON, Fusarenon-X, Nivalenol) such as F. culmorum and F. poae. In order to verify if the mechanism of regulation of trichothecenes type B induction by agmatine is shared by different species of Fusarium, we tested the hypothesis on 19 strains belonging to 3 Fusarium species (F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F. poae) with diverse genetic chemotypes (3ADON, 15ADON, NIV) by measuring trichothecene B toxins such as DON, NIV, Fusarenon-X, 3ADON and 15ADON. Moreover we also tested whether other toxins like zearalenone were also boosted by agmatine. The trichothecene type B boosting effect was observed in the majority of strains used (13 over 19) in all the three species. Representative strains from all the three genetic chemotypes were able to boost toxin production after agmatine treatment. We identified strains not responding to the agmatine stimulus which may contribute to deciphering the regulatory mechanisms that link toxin production to agmatine (and more in general polyamines).
Author Comment
This is a preprint submission to PeerJ.
Supplemental Information
Average values with standard deviation of FusarenonX, Nivalenol, 3Acetylated deoxynivalenol, 15 Acetylated deoxynivalenol, Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone measured for each strain
Toxin values are expressed in ng of toxin per ml of liquid medium per mg of mycelium In yellow the cases where major toxin produced did not corresponded to the genetic chemotyping. In blue, red and green the major toxin produced corresponding to the genetic chemotyping prediction
Raw data
Toxins values and mass values recorded for each biological replicates used in this study.