Intrinsic disorder in biomarkers of insulin resistance, hypoadiponectinemia, and endothelial dysfunction among the type 2 diabetic patients
- Published
- Accepted
- Subject Areas
- Biochemistry, Bioinformatics, Diabetes and Endocrinology
- Keywords
- Adiponectin, Intrinsically disordered protein, Insulin resistance, vCAM-1, E-selectin, Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, iCAM-1
- Copyright
- © 2015 Jiffri et al.
- Licence
- This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ PrePrints) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
- Cite this article
- 2015. Intrinsic disorder in biomarkers of insulin resistance, hypoadiponectinemia, and endothelial dysfunction among the type 2 diabetic patients. PeerJ PrePrints 3:e1395v1 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.1395v1
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic and progressive disease that is strongly associated with the all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. The present study aimed to analyze the abundance and functionality of intrinsically disordered regions in several biomarkers of insulin resistance, adiponectin, and endothelial dysfunction found in the T2DM patients. In fact, in comparison to controls, obese T2DM patients are known to have significantly higher levels of inter-cellular adhesion molecule (iCAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (vCAM-1), and E-selectin, whereas their adiponectin levels are relatively low. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these selected biomarkers (iCAM-1, vCAM-1, E-selectin, and adiponectin) are characterized by the noticeable levels of intrinsic disorder propensity and high binding promiscuity, which are important features expected for proteins serving as biomarkers. Within the limit of studied groups, there is an association between insulin resistance and both hypoadiponectinemia and endothelial dysfunction.
Author Comment
This is a submission to PeerJ for review.