title: PeerJ description: Articles published in PeerJ link: https://peerj.com/articles/index.rss3?journal=peerj&page=520 creator: info@peerj.com PeerJ errorsTo: info@peerj.com PeerJ language: en title: Side-effects of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with gastrointestinal cancers link: https://peerj.com/articles/15277 last-modified: 2023-04-28 description: BackgroundHyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) produces unwanted side-effects that are mainly caused by chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, and these effects have not been systematically summarized. The aim of this article was to provide a comprehensive overview of the side-effects of HIPEC for GI cancers and propose practical strategies for adverse event management.MethodologyPubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for side-effects of HIPEC in GI cancers prior to October 20, 2022. A total of 79 articles were included in this review.ResultsAdverse events, such as enterocutaneous digestive fistulas, GI tract perforation, neutropenia, postoperative bleeding, ventricular tachycardia, hyperglycemia, hypocalcemia, renal impairment, encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis, scrotal ulceration, and sarcopenia were described, and their clinical management was discussed. These side-effects involve the digestive, hematopoietic, circulatory, metabolic, and urinary systems. Effective methods for adverse event management included an expert multidisciplinary team, replacing chemotherapy drugs, using Chinese medicine, and careful preoperative assessments.ConclusionThe side-effects of HIPEC are frequent and can be minimized by several effective methods. This study proposes practical strategies for adverse event management of HIPEC to assist physicians in choosing the optimal treatment method. creator: Jiyun Hu creator: Zhenxing Wang creator: Xinrun Wang creator: Shucai Xie uri: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15277 license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ rights: © 2023 Hu et al. title: Selective HDAC6 inhibitor TubA offers neuroprotection after intracerebral hemorrhage via inhibiting neuronal apoptosis link: https://peerj.com/articles/15293 last-modified: 2023-04-28 description: A large body of evidence has demonstrated that neuronal apoptosis is involved in the pathological process of secondary brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Additionally, our previous studies determined that the inhibition of HDAC6 activity by tubacin or specific shRNA can attenuate neuronal apoptosis in an oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion model. However, whether the pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6-attenuated neuronal apoptosis in ICH remains unclear. In this study, we used hemin-induced SH-SY5Y cells to simulate a hemorrhage state in vitro and adopted a collagenase-induced ICH rat model in vivo to assess the effect of the HDAC6 inhibition. We found a significant increase in HDAC6 during the early stages of ICH. As expected, the acetylated α-tubulin significantly decreased in correlation with the expression of HDAC6. Medium and high doses (25, 40 mg/kg) of TubA, a selective inhibitor of HDAC6, both reduced neurological impairments, histological impairments, and ipsilateral brain edema in vivo. TubA or HDAC6 siRNA both alleviated neuronal apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Finally, HDAC6 inhibition increased the level of acetylated α-tubulin and Bcl-2 and lowered the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 post-ICH. In general, these results suggested that the pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6 may act as a novel and promising therapeutic target for ICH therapy by up-regulating acetylated α-tubulin and reducing neuronal apoptosis. creator: Cuiying Peng creator: Xiyu Gong creator: Zhiping Hu creator: Chunli Chen creator: Zheng Jiang uri: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15293 license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ rights: © 2023 Peng et al. title: The deployment of temporary nurses and its association with permanently-employed nurses’ outcomes in psychiatric hospitals: a secondary analysis link: https://peerj.com/articles/15300 last-modified: 2023-04-28 description: AimsThis study’s objective was to investigate possible associations between the frequency of temporary nurse deployments and permanently-employed nurses’ outcomes including staffing levels in Swiss psychiatric hospitals.BackgroundFaced with widespread nursing shortages, some nursing managers frequently deploy temporary nurses to meet their staffing needs. While various studies have investigated the relationships between temporary nurses’ deployment and permanently-employed nurse outcomes, few anywhere, and none in Switzerland, have explored such deployments’ relationships with permanently-employed nurses’ job satisfaction, burnout, or intent to leave their organization or profession. Furthermore, especially in psychiatric hospitals, research on temporary nurse deployments and their association with permanently-employed nurses’ outcomes remains scarce.MethodsThis secondary analysis is based on the MatchRN Psychiatry study, which included 79 psychiatric units and 651 nurses. Using descriptive analyses and linear mixed modeling, we assessed the frequency of temporary nurses’ deployment and its association with four permanently-employed nurse outcomes: staffing levels, job satisfaction, burnout, and intention to leave their organization or profession.ResultsRoughly one-quarter of the studied units reported frequently deploying temporary nurses. Nonetheless, no differences in nurse staffing levels were found. Regarding permanently-employed nurses’ outcomes, we identified slightly higher levels of intention to leave the profession (beta = 0.18; 95% CI [0.03–0.33]) and burnout (beta = 0.19; 95% CI [0.4–0.33]) on units where temporary nurses were frequently deployed.ConclusionDeploying temporary nurses appears to help units maintain adequate staffing levels. However, additional research will be necessary to better understand whether working conditions are the common cause of temporary nurses’ deployment and permanently-employed nurse outcomes. Until more information is available, unit managers should consider alternatives to deploying temporary nurses. creator: Leonel Oliveira creator: Beatrice Gehri creator: Michael Simon uri: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15300 license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ rights: © 2023 Oliveira et al. title: Active acoustic surveys reveal coastal fish community resistance to an environmental perturbation in South Florida link: https://peerj.com/articles/14888 last-modified: 2023-04-27 description: Coastal fish communities are under increasing levels of stress associated with climate variation and anthropogenic activities. However, the high degree of behavioral plasticity of many species within these communities allow them to cope with altered environmental conditions to some extent. Here, we combine meteorological information, data from hydroacoustic surveys, and recordings of goliath grouper sound production to examine the response of coastal fish communities to heavy rainfall events in South Florida, USA, that resulted in the release of excess storm water into surrounding estuaries and coastal waters. We observed a nearly 12,000% increase in water column acoustic backscatter following a heavy rainfall event of September 16th, 2015. Interestingly, estimates of school backscatter, a proxy for biomass, increased by 172% with the onset of the perturbation. Schooling fish density also increased by 182%, as did acoustically derived estimates of mean schooling fish length (21%). Following the perturbed period, school backscatter decreased by 406%, along with schooling density (272%), and mean schooling fish length (35%). Hydrophone and hydroacoustic data also revealed that goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara) spawning aggregations were persistent in the region throughout the duration of the study and continued to exhibit courtship behavior during the perturbed period. Our observations demonstrate the high level of resistance common in coastal species but raises new questions regarding the threshold at which fish communities and reproductive activities are disrupted. As coastal land use continues to increase, and the effects of global climate change become more pronounced, more Before-After Control Impact (BACI) studies will provide improved insight into the overall response of nearshore communities to future perturbations and the cumulative effect of repeated perturbations over extended periods. creator: Benjamin M. Binder creator: Guillaume Rieucau creator: James V. Locascio creator: J. Christopher Taylor creator: Kevin M. Boswell uri: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14888 license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ rights: ©2023 Binder et al. title: Expanded sampling of New Zealand glass sponges (Porifera: Hexactinellida) provides new insights into biodiversity, chemodiversity, and phylogeny of the class link: https://peerj.com/articles/15017 last-modified: 2023-04-27 description: Glass sponges (Hexactinellida) constitute important parts of ecosystems on the deep-sea floor worldwide. However, they are still an understudied group in terms of their diversity and systematics. Here, we report on new specimens collected during RV Sonne expedition SO254 to the New Zealand region, which has recently emerged as a biodiversity hotspot for hexactinellids. Examination of the material revealed several species new to science or so far unknown from this area. While formal taxonomic descriptions of a fraction of these were published earlier, we here briefly report on the morphology of the remaining new species and use the collection to greatly expand the molecular phylogeny of the group as established with ribosomal DNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I markers. In addition, we provide a chemical fingerprinting analysis on a subset of the specimens to investigate if the metabolome of glass sponges contains phylogenetic signal that could be used to supplement morphological and DNA-based approaches. creator: Martin Dohrmann creator: Henry M. Reiswig creator: Michelle Kelly creator: Sadie Mills creator: Simone Schätzle creator: Miriam Reverter creator: Natascha Niesse creator: Sven Rohde creator: Peter Schupp creator: Gert Wörheide uri: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15017 license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ rights: ©2023 Dohrmann et al. title: Estimating the impact of new high seas activities on the environment: the effects of ocean-surface macroplastic removal on sea surface ecosystems link: https://peerj.com/articles/15021 last-modified: 2023-04-27 description: The open ocean beyond national jurisdiction covers nearly half of Earth’s surface and is largely unexplored. It is also an emerging frontier for new types of human activity. Understanding how new activities interact with high seas ecosystems is critical for our management of this other half of Earth. Using The Ocean Cleanup (TOC) as a model, we demonstrate why it is important to account for uncertainty when assessing and evaluating impacts of novel high seas activities on marine ecosystems. TOC’s aim is to remove plastic from the ocean surface by collecting it with large nets. However, this approach also results in the collection of surface marine life (neuston) as by-catch. Using an interdisciplinary approach, we explore the social-ecological implications of this activity. We use population models to quantify potential impacts on the surface ecosystem; we determine the links between these ecosystems and society through an ecosystem services approach; and we review the governance setting relevant to the management of activities on the high seas. We show that the impact of ocean surface plastic removal largely depends on neuston life histories, and ranges from potentially mild to severe. We identify broader social-ecological implications that could be felt by stakeholders both beyond and within national jurisdiction. The legal framework applicable to TOC’s activities is insufficiently specific to address both the ecological and social uncertainty we describe, demonstrating the urgent need for detailed rules and procedures on environmental impact assessment and strategic environmental assessment to be adopted under the new International Agreement on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction which is currently being negotiated. creator: Matthew Spencer creator: Fiona Culhane creator: Fiona Chong creator: Megan O. Powell creator: Rozemarijn J. Roland Holst creator: Rebecca Helm uri: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15021 license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ rights: ©2023 Spencer et al. title: Eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica settle near inlets in a lagoonal estuary: spatial and temporal distribution of recruitment in Mid-Atlantic Coastal Bays (Maryland, USA) link: https://peerj.com/articles/15114 last-modified: 2023-04-27 description: BackgroundDeclines of the Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, and its numerous ecological benefits have spurred oyster restoration initiatives. Successful restoration of a self-sustaining oyster population requires evaluating the temporal and spatial patterns of recruitment (settlement and survival) of oyster larvae in the target waterbody. Restoration of the Eastern oyster population in the Maryland Coastal Bays (MCBs), USA, a shallow lagoonal estuary, is of interest to federal, state, and non-governmental, but the location and timing of natural recruitment is not known.MethodsWe assessed the spatial and temporal variation in oyster larval recruitment throughout the MCBs using horizontal ceramic tiles and PVC plates. Newly settled oyster larvae (recruits) were monitored biweekly from June to September 2019 and 2020 at 12 sites in the MCBs and a comparison site in Wachapreague, Virginia. Water quality measurements collected included temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and turbidity. The objectives of this study were to determine (1) the most effective substrate and design for monitoring oyster recruitment, (2) the spatial and temporal distribution of oyster larval recruitment in the MCBs, and (3) patterns in oyster larval recruitment that would be applicable to other lagoonal estuaries.Results(1) Ceramic tiles were more effective than PVC plates for recruiting oyster larvae. (2) Peak settlement began during the period from late June through July, and oyster recruitment was greatest at sites closest to the Ocean City and Chincoteague inlets. (3) Areas near broodstock that have slow flushing rates to retain larvae may provide the best environments for recruitment of oysters to lagoonal estuaries.DiscussionAs the first study on oyster larval recruitment in the MCBs, our results provide insight into their spatial and temporal distribution, methods that can serve as a foundation for future recruitment studies in other lagoonal estuaries, and baseline data that can be used to inform stakeholders and evaluate the success of oyster restoration projects in MCBs. creator: Madeline A. Farmer creator: Sabrina A. Klick creator: Daniel W. Cullen creator: Bradley G. Stevens uri: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15114 license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ rights: © 2023 Farmer et al. title: Antagonistic antimalarial properties of a methoxyamino chalcone derivative and 3-hydroxypyridinones in combination with dihydroartemisinin against Plasmodium falciparum link: https://peerj.com/articles/15187 last-modified: 2023-04-27 description: BackgroundThe spread of artemisinin (ART)-resistant Plasmodium falciparum threatens the control of malaria. Mutations in the propeller domains of P. falciparum Kelch13 (k13) are strongly associated with ART resistance. Ferredoxin (Fd), a component of the ferredoxin/NADP+ reductase (Fd/FNR) redox system, is essential for isoprenoid precursor synthesis in the plasmodial apicoplast, which is important for K13-dependent hemoglobin trafficking and ART activation. Therefore, Fd is an antimalarial drug target and fd mutations may modulate ART sensitivity. We hypothesized that loss of Fd/FNR function enhances the effect of k13 mutation on ART resistance.MethodsIn this study, methoxyamino chalcone (C3), an antimalarial compound that has been reported to inhibit the interaction of recombinant Fd and FNR proteins, was used as a chemical inhibitor of the Fd/FNR redox system. We investigated the inhibitory effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA), C3, and iron chelators including deferiprone (DFP), 1-(N-acetyl-6-aminohexyl)-3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4-one (CM1) and deferiprone-resveratrol hybrid (DFP-RVT) against wild-type (WT), k13 mutant, fd mutant, and k13 fd double mutant P. falciparum parasites. Furthermore, we investigated the pharmacological interaction of C3 with DHA, in which the iron chelators were used as reference ART antagonists.ResultsC3 showed antimalarial potency similar to that of the iron chelators. As expected, combining DHA with C3 or iron chelators exhibited a moderately antagonistic effect. No differences were observed among the mutant parasites with respect to their sensitivity to C3, iron chelators, or the interactions of these compounds with DHA.DiscussionThe data suggest that inhibitors of the Fd/FNR redox system should be avoided as ART partner drugs in ART combination therapy for treating malaria. creator: Tanyaluck Kampoun creator: Pimpisid Koonyosying creator: Jetsada Ruangsuriya creator: Parichat Prommana creator: Philip J. Shaw creator: Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan creator: Hery Suwito creator: Ni Nyoman Tri Puspaningsih creator: Chairat Uthaipibull creator: Somdet Srichairatanakool uri: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15187 license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ rights: © 2023 Kampoun et al. title: Shaping ability of WaveOne Gold and OneReci by using two apical sizes: a micro-computed tomographic assessment link: https://peerj.com/articles/15208 last-modified: 2023-04-27 description: BackroundOneReci (MicroMega, Besançon, France) is a recently introduced single-file reciprocating system with scarce information revealed on its shaping ability. This study aimed to compare the shaping abilities of OneReci and a well-documented single-file reciprocating system WaveOne Gold (WOG; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and evaluate the effect of increased apical enlargement on the preparation quality, using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).MethodsAfter an initial micro-CT scanning, twenty mesial root canals of mandibular molars were anatomically matched. The canals were assigned to two experimental groups (n = 10), using OneReci or WOG in different canals of the same root. The glide paths were created, and root canals were prepared twice, using size 25 and 35 instruments of the systems, respectively. The specimens were scanned with micro-CT after each preparation. The increase in canal volume, amount of dentin removal, unprepared root canal surface, canal transportation, centering ratio and preparation times were assessed. The data were analysed with independent sample t-tests, variance analyses, Friedman and Mann-Whitney U tests. The significance level was set at 5%.ResultsEach preparation increased the canal volume and dentin removal while decreasing the unprepared root surface. The difference between the systems became significant after preparation with size 35 instruments (p < 0.05). Regarding canal transportation and centering ratio, the difference was insignificant (p > 0.05). The first preparation step (glide path + size 25 instrument) was significantly faster in the OneReci group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsPreparation with size 25 instruments of the systems appeared to be safe with similar shaping performances. Larger apical preparation promoted significantly higher dentin removal, volume increase, and prepared surface area in WOG. creator: Elif Çiftçioğlu creator: Ali Keleş creator: Gözde Akbal Dinçer creator: Melis Oya Ateş creator: Enver Sedat Küçükay uri: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15208 license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ rights: ©2023 Çiftçioğlu et al. title: Will future maize improvement programs leverage the canopy light-interception, photosynthetic, and biomass capacities of traditional accessions? link: https://peerj.com/articles/15233 last-modified: 2023-04-27 description: Maize germplasm has greater latent potential to address the global food and feed crisis because of its high radiation, water and nutrient efficiencies. Photosynthetic and canopy architectural traits in maize are important in determining yield. The present study aimed to screen a subset of local maize accessions in Sri Lanka to evaluate their photosynthetic, biomass and yield related traits and to identify resource efficient germplasm. Experiments were carried out in the Ampara district of Sri Lanka. Eight maize accessions viz; SEU2, SEU6, SEU9, SEU10, SEU14, SEU15, SEU17 and SEU17 and two elite F1 cultivars (cv. Pacific-999 and cv. Bhadra) were analyzed under field conditions. Our results showed that maize genotypes produced a lower leaf area index (LAI) at the third and tenth week after field planting (WAP). However, the LAI was significantly increased in six WAP by Pacific-999, SEU2, SEU9, and SEU15. A similar trend was observed for percentage of light interception at three WAP (47%), six WAP (>64%), and decreased at 10 WAP. In addition, LAI maximum values were between 3.0 and 3.5, allowing 80% of the incident light to be intercepted by maize canopies. The estimated light extinction coefficient (k) remained lower (<0.5), suggesting that maize leaves are eractophilic canopies. Although fractional interception (f) varies, SEU2 and SEU9 had the highest values (0.57), and quantum yields of PSII (>0.73) in dark-adapted leaves. In addition, Pacific-999, SEU2, SEU9, and SEU17 had significantly higher rates of photosynthesis with minimal stomatal conductance and transpiration rates. As a result, they outperformed the control plants in terms of biomass, cob weight and grain yield. This suggests that native maize germplasm could be introduced as novel, less resource-intensive cultivars to sustain global food security. creator: Ahamadeen Nagoor Mohamed Mubarak creator: Mohammathu Musthapha Mufeeth Mohammathu creator: Arachchi Devayalage Nishantha Thissa Kumara uri: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15233 license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ rights: © 2023 Mubarak et al.