PeerJ
type: channel
link: https://peerj.com/articles/
description: Articles published in PeerJ
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
publication name: PeerJ
issn: 2167-8359
items: Serratia marcescens antibiotic resistance mechanisms of an opportunistic pathogen: a literature review
items: Validation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol equations in pediatric population
items: Comparing diversity patterns and processes of microbial community assembly in water column and sediment in Lake Wuchang, China
items: Short-term improvement of heat tolerance in naturally growing Acropora corals in Okinawa
items: A systematic analysis of anti-diabetic medicinal plants from cells to clinical trials
items: Retrospective validation of bone risk stratification criteria for men with de novo metastatic hormone-naive prostate cancer in China
items: Novice assessors demonstrate good intra-rater agreement and reliability when determining pressure pain thresholds; a cross-sectional study
items: Effect of oval foramen restriction and premature contraction of the arterial catheter on right heart function of fetuses and infants
items: Acute physiological outcomes of high-intensity functional training: a scoping review
items: Phytoplankton diversity and chemotaxonomy in contrasting North Pacific ecosystems

Serratia marcescens antibiotic resistance mechanisms of an opportunistic pathogen: a literature review
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Serratia marcescens is a ubiquitous bacterium from order Enterobacterales displaying a high genetic plasticity that allows it to adapt and persist in multiple niches including soil, water, plants, and nosocomial environments. Recently, S. marcescens has gained attention as an emerging pathogen worldwide, provoking infections and outbreaks in debilitated individuals, particularly newborns and patients in intensive care units. S. marcescens isolates recovered from clinical settings are frequently described as multidrug resistant. High levels of antibiotic resistance across Serratia species are a consequence of the combined activity of intrinsic, acquired, and adaptive resistance elements. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in the understanding of mechanisms guiding resistance in this opportunistic pathogen.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Faviola Tavares-Carreon
creator: Karla De Anda-Mora
creator: Idalia C. Rojas-Barrera
creator: Angel Andrade
subject: Agricultural Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: Molecular Biology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.14399
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2022 Tavares-Carreon et al.
abstract: Serratia marcescens is a ubiquitous bacterium from order Enterobacterales displaying a high genetic plasticity that allows it to adapt and persist in multiple niches including soil, water, plants, and nosocomial environments. Recently, S. marcescens has gained attention as an emerging pathogen worldwide, provoking infections and outbreaks in debilitated individuals, particularly newborns and patients in intensive care units. S. marcescens isolates recovered from clinical settings are frequently described as multidrug resistant. High levels of antibiotic resistance across Serratia species are a consequence of the combined activity of intrinsic, acquired, and adaptive resistance elements. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in the understanding of mechanisms guiding resistance in this opportunistic pathogen.
bibliographic citation: Tavares-Carreon et al. (2023) Serratia marcescens antibiotic resistance mechanisms of an opportunistic pathogen: a literature review. PeerJ 11:e14399 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14399
date submitted: 2022-07-29
date accepted: 2022-10-25
issued: 2023-01-05
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Tavares-Carreon
  given name: Faviola
author list: Agent
  family name: De Anda-Mora
  given name: Karla
author list: Agent
  family name: Rojas-Barrera
  given name: Idalia C.
author list: Agent
  family name: Andrade
  given name: Angel
doi: 10.7717/peerj.14399
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-01-05
copyright: ©2022 Tavares-Carreon et al.
attribution name: Tavares-Carreon et al.

Validation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol equations in pediatric population
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Several studies have shown a high prevalence of dyslipidemia in children. Since childhood lipid concentrations continue into adulthood, recognition of lipid abnormalities in the early period is crucial to prevent the development of future coronary heart disease (CHD). Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is one of the most used parameters in the initiation and follow-up of treatment in patients with dyslipidemia. It is a well known fact that LDL-C lowering therapy reduces the risk of future CHD. Therefore, accurate determination of the LDL-C levels is so important for the management of lipid abnormalities. This study aimed to validate different LDL-C estimating equations in the Turkish population, composed of children and adolescents. A total of 3,908 children below 18 years old at Sivas Cumhuriyet University Hospital (Sivas, Turkey) were included in this study. LDL-C was directly measured by direct homogeneous assays, i.e., Roche, Beckman, Siemens and estimated by Friedewald’s, Martin/Hopkins’, extended Martin-Hopkins’ and Sampson’s formulas. The concordances between the estimations obtained by the formulas and the direct measurements were evaluated both overall and separately for the LDL-C, triglycerides (TG) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) sublevels. Linear regression analysis was performed and residual error plots were generated between each estimation and direct measurement method. Coefficient of determination (R2) and mean absolute deviations were also evaluated. The overall concordance of Friedewald, Sampson, Martin-Hopkins and the extended Martin-Hopkins formula were 64.6%, 69.9%, 69.4%, and 84.3% for the Roche direct assay, 69.8%, 71.6%, 73.6% and 80.4% for the Siemens direct assay, 66.5%, 68.8%, 68.9% and 82.1% for the Beckman direct assay, respectively. The extended Martin-Hopkins formula had the highest concordance coefficient in both overall and all sublevels of LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and TG. When estimating the LDL-C categori…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Gözde Ertürk Zararsız
creator: Serkan Bolat
creator: Ahu Cephe
creator: Necla Kochan
creator: Serra Ilayda Yerlitaş
creator: Halef Okan Doğan
creator: Gökmen Zararsız
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cardiology
subject: Statistics
subject: Computational Science
subject: Data Science
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.14544
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Ertürk Zararsız et al.
abstract: Several studies have shown a high prevalence of dyslipidemia in children. Since childhood lipid concentrations continue into adulthood, recognition of lipid abnormalities in the early period is crucial to prevent the development of future coronary heart disease (CHD). Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is one of the most used parameters in the initiation and follow-up of treatment in patients with dyslipidemia. It is a well known fact that LDL-C lowering therapy reduces the risk of future CHD. Therefore, accurate determination of the LDL-C levels is so important for the management of lipid abnormalities. This study aimed to validate different LDL-C estimating equations in the Turkish population, composed of children and adolescents. A total of 3,908 children below 18 years old at Sivas Cumhuriyet University Hospital (Sivas, Turkey) were included in this study. LDL-C was directly measured by direct homogeneous assays, i.e., Roche, Beckman, Siemens and estimated by Friedewald’s, Martin/Hopkins’, extended Martin-Hopkins’ and Sampson’s formulas. The concordances between the estimations obtained by the formulas and the direct measurements were evaluated both overall and separately for the LDL-C, triglycerides (TG) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) sublevels. Linear regression analysis was performed and residual error plots were generated between each estimation and direct measurement method. Coefficient of determination (R2) and mean absolute deviations were also evaluated. The overall concordance of Friedewald, Sampson, Martin-Hopkins and the extended Martin-Hopkins formula were 64.6%, 69.9%, 69.4%, and 84.3% for the Roche direct assay, 69.8%, 71.6%, 73.6% and 80.4% for the Siemens direct assay, 66.5%, 68.8%, 68.9% and 82.1% for the Beckman direct assay, respectively. The extended Martin-Hopkins formula had the highest concordance coefficient in both overall and all sublevels of LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and TG. When estimating the LDL-C categori…
bibliographic citation: Ertürk Zararsız et al. (2023) Validation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol equations in pediatric population. PeerJ 11:e14544 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14544
date submitted: 2022-07-21
date accepted: 2022-11-18
issued: 2023-01-05
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Ertürk Zararsız
  given name: Gözde
author list: Agent
  family name: Bolat
  given name: Serkan
author list: Agent
  family name: Cephe
  given name: Ahu
author list: Agent
  family name: Kochan
  given name: Necla
author list: Agent
  family name: Yerlitaş
  given name: Serra Ilayda
author list: Agent
  family name: Doğan
  given name: Halef Okan
author list: Agent
  family name: Zararsız
  given name: Gökmen
doi: 10.7717/peerj.14544
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-01-05
copyright: ©2023 Ertürk Zararsız et al.
attribution name: Ertürk Zararsız et al.

Comparing diversity patterns and processes of microbial community assembly in water column and sediment in Lake Wuchang, China
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: The study compare the diversity patterns and processes of microbial community assembly in the water and sediment of Lake Wuchang (China) using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. A higher microbial α-diversity in the sediment was revealed (P < 0.01), and the most common bacterial phyla in water column were Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteria, while Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi and Nitrospirae were dominant in sediment. Functions related to phototrophy and nitrogen metabolism primarily occurred in the water column and sediment, respectively. The microbial communities in water column from different seasons were divided into three groups, while no such dispersion in sediment based on PCoA and ANOSIM. According to Pearson correlation analysis, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, water depth, total nitrogen, ammonium, and nitrite were key factors in determining microbial community structure in water column, while TN in sediment, conductivity, and organic matter were key factors in sediment. However, the stochastic processes (|βNTI| < 2) dominated community assembly in both the water column and sediment of Lake Wuchang. These data will provide a foundation for microbial development and utilization in lake water column and sediment under the circumstances of increasing tendency of lake ecological fishery in China.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Xuemei Li
creator: Zihao Meng
creator: Kang Chen
creator: Feifei Hu
creator: Lu Liu
creator: Tingbing Zhu
creator: Deguo Yang
subject: Microbiology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Freshwater Biology
subject: Environmental Impacts
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.14592
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Li et al.
abstract: The study compare the diversity patterns and processes of microbial community assembly in the water and sediment of Lake Wuchang (China) using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. A higher microbial α-diversity in the sediment was revealed (P < 0.01), and the most common bacterial phyla in water column were Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteria, while Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi and Nitrospirae were dominant in sediment. Functions related to phototrophy and nitrogen metabolism primarily occurred in the water column and sediment, respectively. The microbial communities in water column from different seasons were divided into three groups, while no such dispersion in sediment based on PCoA and ANOSIM. According to Pearson correlation analysis, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, water depth, total nitrogen, ammonium, and nitrite were key factors in determining microbial community structure in water column, while TN in sediment, conductivity, and organic matter were key factors in sediment. However, the stochastic processes (|βNTI| < 2) dominated community assembly in both the water column and sediment of Lake Wuchang. These data will provide a foundation for microbial development and utilization in lake water column and sediment under the circumstances of increasing tendency of lake ecological fishery in China.
bibliographic citation: Li et al. (2023) Comparing diversity patterns and processes of microbial community assembly in water column and sediment in Lake Wuchang, China. PeerJ 11:e14592 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14592
date submitted: 2022-06-13
date accepted: 2022-11-28
issued: 2023-01-05
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Li
  given name: Xuemei
author list: Agent
  family name: Meng
  given name: Zihao
author list: Agent
  family name: Chen
  given name: Kang
author list: Agent
  family name: Hu
  given name: Feifei
author list: Agent
  family name: Liu
  given name: Lu
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhu
  given name: Tingbing
author list: Agent
  family name: Yang
  given name: Deguo
doi: 10.7717/peerj.14592
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-01-05
copyright: © 2023 Li et al.
attribution name: Li et al.

Short-term improvement of heat tolerance in naturally growing Acropora corals in Okinawa
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Mass bleaching and subsequent mortality of reef corals by heat stress has increased globally since the late 20th century, due to global warming. Some experimental studies have reported that corals may increase heat tolerance for short periods, but only a few such studies have monitored naturally-growing colonies. Therefore, we monitored the survival, growth, and bleaching status of Acropora corals in fixed plots by distinguishing individual colonies on a heat-sensitive reef flat in Okinawa, Japan. The level of heat stress, assessed by the modified version of degree heating week duration in July and August, when the seawater temperature was the highest, was minimally but significantly higher in 2017 than in 2016; however, the same colonies exhibited less bleaching and mortality in 2017 than in 2016. Another study conducted at the same site showed that the dominant unicellular endosymbiotic algal species did not change before and after the 2016 bleaching, indicating that shifting and switching of the Symbiodiniaceae community did not contribute to improved heat tolerance. Colonies that suffered from partial mortality in 2016 were completely bleached at higher rates in 2017 than those without partial mortality in 2016. The present results suggest that either genetic or epigenetic changes in coral hosts and/or algal symbionts, or the shifting or switching of microbes other than endosymbionts, may have improved coral holobiont heat tolerance.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Tanya Singh
creator: Kazuhiko Sakai
creator: Jun Ishida-Castañeda
creator: Akira Iguchi
subject: Conservation Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Climate Change Biology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.14629
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Singh et al.
abstract: Mass bleaching and subsequent mortality of reef corals by heat stress has increased globally since the late 20th century, due to global warming. Some experimental studies have reported that corals may increase heat tolerance for short periods, but only a few such studies have monitored naturally-growing colonies. Therefore, we monitored the survival, growth, and bleaching status of Acropora corals in fixed plots by distinguishing individual colonies on a heat-sensitive reef flat in Okinawa, Japan. The level of heat stress, assessed by the modified version of degree heating week duration in July and August, when the seawater temperature was the highest, was minimally but significantly higher in 2017 than in 2016; however, the same colonies exhibited less bleaching and mortality in 2017 than in 2016. Another study conducted at the same site showed that the dominant unicellular endosymbiotic algal species did not change before and after the 2016 bleaching, indicating that shifting and switching of the Symbiodiniaceae community did not contribute to improved heat tolerance. Colonies that suffered from partial mortality in 2016 were completely bleached at higher rates in 2017 than those without partial mortality in 2016. The present results suggest that either genetic or epigenetic changes in coral hosts and/or algal symbionts, or the shifting or switching of microbes other than endosymbionts, may have improved coral holobiont heat tolerance.
bibliographic citation: Singh et al. (2023) Short-term improvement of heat tolerance in naturally growing Acropora corals in Okinawa. PeerJ 11:e14629 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14629
date submitted: 2022-07-08
date accepted: 2022-12-02
issued: 2023-01-05
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Singh
  given name: Tanya
author list: Agent
  family name: Sakai
  given name: Kazuhiko
author list: Agent
  family name: Ishida-Castañeda
  given name: Jun
author list: Agent
  family name: Iguchi
  given name: Akira
doi: 10.7717/peerj.14629
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-01-05
copyright: © 2023 Singh et al.
attribution name: Singh et al.

A systematic analysis of anti-diabetic medicinal plants from cells to clinical trials
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Diabetes is one of the fastest-growing health emergencies of the 21st century, placing a severe economic burden on many countries. Current management approaches have improved diabetic care, but several limitations still exist, such as decreased efficacy, adverse effects, and the high cost of treatment, particularly for developing nations. There is, therefore, a need for more cost-effective therapies for diabetes management. The evidence-based application of phytochemicals from plants in the management of diseases is gaining traction. Methodology Various plants and plant parts have been investigated as antidiabetic agents. This review sought to collate and discuss published data on the cellular and molecular effects of medicinal plants and phytochemicals on insulin signaling pathways to better understand the current trend in using plant products in the management of diabetes. Furthermore, we explored available information on medicinal plants that consistently produced hypoglycemic effects from isolated cells to animal studies and clinical trials. Results There is substantial literature describing the effects of a range of plant extracts on insulin action and insulin signaling, revealing a depth in knowledge of molecular detail. Our exploration also reveals effective antidiabetic actions in animal studies, and clear translational potential evidenced by clinical trials. Conclusion We suggest that this area of research should be further exploited in the search for novel therapeutics for diabetes.
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creator: Simeon Omale
creator: Kennedy I. Amagon
creator: Titilayo O. Johnson
creator: Shaun Kennedy Bremner
creator: Gwyn W. Gould
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Diabetes and Endocrinology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.14639
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Omale et al.
abstract: Background Diabetes is one of the fastest-growing health emergencies of the 21st century, placing a severe economic burden on many countries. Current management approaches have improved diabetic care, but several limitations still exist, such as decreased efficacy, adverse effects, and the high cost of treatment, particularly for developing nations. There is, therefore, a need for more cost-effective therapies for diabetes management. The evidence-based application of phytochemicals from plants in the management of diseases is gaining traction. Methodology Various plants and plant parts have been investigated as antidiabetic agents. This review sought to collate and discuss published data on the cellular and molecular effects of medicinal plants and phytochemicals on insulin signaling pathways to better understand the current trend in using plant products in the management of diabetes. Furthermore, we explored available information on medicinal plants that consistently produced hypoglycemic effects from isolated cells to animal studies and clinical trials. Results There is substantial literature describing the effects of a range of plant extracts on insulin action and insulin signaling, revealing a depth in knowledge of molecular detail. Our exploration also reveals effective antidiabetic actions in animal studies, and clear translational potential evidenced by clinical trials. Conclusion We suggest that this area of research should be further exploited in the search for novel therapeutics for diabetes.
bibliographic citation: Omale et al. (2023) A systematic analysis of anti-diabetic medicinal plants from cells to clinical trials. PeerJ 11:e14639 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14639
date submitted: 2022-08-15
date accepted: 2022-12-05
issued: 2023-01-05
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Omale
  given name: Simeon
author list: Agent
  family name: Amagon
  given name: Kennedy I.
author list: Agent
  family name: Johnson
  given name: Titilayo O.
author list: Agent
  family name: Bremner
  given name: Shaun Kennedy
author list: Agent
  family name: Gould
  given name: Gwyn W.
doi: 10.7717/peerj.14639
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-01-05
copyright: © 2023 Omale et al.
attribution name: Omale et al.

Retrospective validation of bone risk stratification criteria for men with de novo metastatic hormone-naive prostate cancer in China
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Bone metastasis has been suggested to be a significant impactor on the prognosis of newly diagnosed de novo metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), and some risk stratification models have been proposed on the basis of this hypothesis. However, the effectiveness of these risk stratification criteria has not been fully evaluated in China. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the risk stratification models in China. Methods A total of 140 patients who were newly diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer followed by primary androgen deprivation-based therapy from January 2008 to June 2021 at our institution were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into different groups on the basis of high- and low-volume disease (H/LVD) criteria, high-and low-risk disease (H/LRD) criteria, extremity bone metastasis criteria (EBM), and extent of disease (EOD) criteria. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to compare the validity and net benefit of these models. Using the Cox proportional hazards model, we performed univariable and multivariable analyses of the factors influencing overall survival (OS) and the time of progression to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Results The median patient age was 72 years. Most patients had a Gleason score ≥8 (102 cases, 72.9%) and clinical T stage >2 (75 cases, 53.6%). The median follow-up time was 25 months (range, 2–95 months). Ninety-two patients progressed to CRPC and fifty-seven patients died during the follow-up. The AUC of OS and CRPC showed that the EOD model had higher validity than the other risk stratification models. DCA shows that the net benefit of the EOD model on OS was better than that of the other risk stratification models. As for CRPC, the net benefit of the EOD model was second only to that of the H/LRD model when the threshold was <0.5; however, when the threshold was >0.5, the…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Yang Zhang
creator: Li Ding
creator: Yuxin Zheng
creator: Kun Wang
creator: Wentao Xia
creator: Junqi Wang
creator: Peng Ge
subject: Oncology
subject: Urology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.14500
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Zhang et al.
abstract: Background Bone metastasis has been suggested to be a significant impactor on the prognosis of newly diagnosed de novo metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), and some risk stratification models have been proposed on the basis of this hypothesis. However, the effectiveness of these risk stratification criteria has not been fully evaluated in China. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the risk stratification models in China. Methods A total of 140 patients who were newly diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer followed by primary androgen deprivation-based therapy from January 2008 to June 2021 at our institution were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into different groups on the basis of high- and low-volume disease (H/LVD) criteria, high-and low-risk disease (H/LRD) criteria, extremity bone metastasis criteria (EBM), and extent of disease (EOD) criteria. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to compare the validity and net benefit of these models. Using the Cox proportional hazards model, we performed univariable and multivariable analyses of the factors influencing overall survival (OS) and the time of progression to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Results The median patient age was 72 years. Most patients had a Gleason score ≥8 (102 cases, 72.9%) and clinical T stage >2 (75 cases, 53.6%). The median follow-up time was 25 months (range, 2–95 months). Ninety-two patients progressed to CRPC and fifty-seven patients died during the follow-up. The AUC of OS and CRPC showed that the EOD model had higher validity than the other risk stratification models. DCA shows that the net benefit of the EOD model on OS was better than that of the other risk stratification models. As for CRPC, the net benefit of the EOD model was second only to that of the H/LRD model when the threshold was <0.5; however, when the threshold was >0.5, the…
bibliographic citation: Zhang et al. (2023) Retrospective validation of bone risk stratification criteria for men with de novo metastatic hormone-naive prostate cancer in China. PeerJ 11:e14500 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14500
date submitted: 2022-09-14
date accepted: 2022-11-10
issued: 2023-01-04
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhang
  given name: Yang
author list: Agent
  family name: Ding
  given name: Li
author list: Agent
  family name: Zheng
  given name: Yuxin
author list: Agent
  family name: Wang
  given name: Kun
author list: Agent
  family name: Xia
  given name: Wentao
author list: Agent
  family name: Wang
  given name: Junqi
author list: Agent
  family name: Ge
  given name: Peng
doi: 10.7717/peerj.14500
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-01-04
copyright: ©2023 Zhang et al.
attribution name: Zhang et al.

Novice assessors demonstrate good intra-rater agreement and reliability when determining pressure pain thresholds; a cross-sectional study
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Experienced assessors show good intra-rater reproducibility (within-session and between-session agreement and reliability) when using an algometer to determine pressure pain thresholds (PPT). However, it is unknown whether novice assessors perform equally well. This study aimed to determine within and between-session agreement and reliability of PPT measurements performed by novice assessors and explored whether these parameters differed per assessor and algometer type. Methods Ten novice assessors measured PPTs over four test locations (tibialis anterior muscle, rectus femoris muscle, extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle and paraspinal muscles C5-C6) in 178 healthy participants, using either a Somedic Type II digital algometer (10 raters; 88 participants) or a Wagner Force Ten FDX 25 digital algometer (nine raters; 90 participants). Prior to the experiment, the novice assessors practiced PPTs for 3 h per algometer. Each assessor measured a different subsample of ~9 participants. For both the individual assessor and for all assessors combined (i.e., the group representing novice assessors), the standard error of measurement (SEM) and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated to reflect within and between-session agreement. Reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC1,1). Results Within-session agreement expressed as SEM ranged from 42 to 74 kPa, depending on the test location and device. Between-session agreement, expressed as SEM, ranged from 36 to 76 kPa and the CV ranged from 9–16% per body location. Individual assessors differed from the mean group results, ranging from −55 to +32 kPa or from −9.5 to +6.6 percentage points. Reliability was good to excellent (ICC1,1: 0.87 to 0.95). Results were similar for both types of algometers. Conclusions Following 3 h of algometer practice, there were slight differences between assessors, but reproducibility in determining PPTs was overall good.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Roland R. Reezigt
creator: Geranda E. C. Slager
creator: Michel W. Coppieters
creator: Gwendolyne G. M. Scholten-Peeters
subject: Anesthesiology and Pain Management
subject: Rehabilitation
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.14565
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Reezigt et al.
abstract: Background Experienced assessors show good intra-rater reproducibility (within-session and between-session agreement and reliability) when using an algometer to determine pressure pain thresholds (PPT). However, it is unknown whether novice assessors perform equally well. This study aimed to determine within and between-session agreement and reliability of PPT measurements performed by novice assessors and explored whether these parameters differed per assessor and algometer type. Methods Ten novice assessors measured PPTs over four test locations (tibialis anterior muscle, rectus femoris muscle, extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle and paraspinal muscles C5-C6) in 178 healthy participants, using either a Somedic Type II digital algometer (10 raters; 88 participants) or a Wagner Force Ten FDX 25 digital algometer (nine raters; 90 participants). Prior to the experiment, the novice assessors practiced PPTs for 3 h per algometer. Each assessor measured a different subsample of ~9 participants. For both the individual assessor and for all assessors combined (i.e., the group representing novice assessors), the standard error of measurement (SEM) and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated to reflect within and between-session agreement. Reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC1,1). Results Within-session agreement expressed as SEM ranged from 42 to 74 kPa, depending on the test location and device. Between-session agreement, expressed as SEM, ranged from 36 to 76 kPa and the CV ranged from 9–16% per body location. Individual assessors differed from the mean group results, ranging from −55 to +32 kPa or from −9.5 to +6.6 percentage points. Reliability was good to excellent (ICC1,1: 0.87 to 0.95). Results were similar for both types of algometers. Conclusions Following 3 h of algometer practice, there were slight differences between assessors, but reproducibility in determining PPTs was overall good.
bibliographic citation: Reezigt et al. (2023) Novice assessors demonstrate good intra-rater agreement and reliability when determining pressure pain thresholds; a cross-sectional study. PeerJ 11:e14565 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14565
date submitted: 2022-08-25
date accepted: 2022-11-22
issued: 2023-01-04
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Reezigt
  given name: Roland R.
author list: Agent
  family name: Slager
  given name: Geranda E. C.
author list: Agent
  family name: Coppieters
  given name: Michel W.
author list: Agent
  family name: Scholten-Peeters
  given name: Gwendolyne G. M.
doi: 10.7717/peerj.14565
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-01-04
copyright: © 2023 Reezigt et al.
attribution name: Reezigt et al.

Effect of oval foramen restriction and premature contraction of the arterial catheter on right heart function of fetuses and infants
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Objective The effect of fetal oval foramen restriction and premature contraction of the arterial catheter for the right heart function of fetuses and infants was studied by evaluating the right and left ventricular (RV/LV) ratios, the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) value, and the Tei index of right heart function parameters. Methods This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University (K20190116). We collected 257 fetuses between March 2020 and December 2021. Among these, 98 fetuses that did not have any heart abnormalities were assigned to group A, 91 fetuses with restriction of the left and right atrial channels were assigned to group B, and 68 fetuses with premature contraction of the arterial catheter were assigned to group C. The ventricular transverse diameter, the right heart TAPSE value and the Tei index of fetuses in late pregnancy and 90 days after birth were measured in the three groups, and the diagnostic value of each index for the right heart function injury was evaluated. P < 0.05 indicates significant. Results The P-value of the TAPSE value and Tei index of infants in BC and AC groups and postnatal infants were less than 0.05, which was significant. In the BC group, the RV/LV ratio of fetuses was compared when P > 0.05, which was not significant; however, P < 0.05 after birth was considered significant. For fetuses and postnatal infants in the BC group, the RV/LV ratio was negatively associated with the TAPSE value. However, it was positively associated with the Tei index; Diagnostic test results. To predict impaired right heart function after birth, TAPSE had low diagnostic value, RV/LV and Tei index had high diagnostic value. Conclusions Oval foramen restriction and premature contraction of the arterial catheter may affect the right heart function after birth and be related to the degree of the right heart enlargement. Although TAPSE prediction of the fetal and postnatal right he…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Hongqiang Liu
creator: Jinqiu Li
creator: Xiaolong Cao
creator: Yicheng Wang
creator: Dehui Wen
creator: Fengqun Dong
creator: Jing Wang
creator: Tian Li
subject: Cardiology
subject: Pediatrics
subject: Radiology and Medical Imaging
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.14702
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Liu et al.
abstract: Objective The effect of fetal oval foramen restriction and premature contraction of the arterial catheter for the right heart function of fetuses and infants was studied by evaluating the right and left ventricular (RV/LV) ratios, the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) value, and the Tei index of right heart function parameters. Methods This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University (K20190116). We collected 257 fetuses between March 2020 and December 2021. Among these, 98 fetuses that did not have any heart abnormalities were assigned to group A, 91 fetuses with restriction of the left and right atrial channels were assigned to group B, and 68 fetuses with premature contraction of the arterial catheter were assigned to group C. The ventricular transverse diameter, the right heart TAPSE value and the Tei index of fetuses in late pregnancy and 90 days after birth were measured in the three groups, and the diagnostic value of each index for the right heart function injury was evaluated. P < 0.05 indicates significant. Results The P-value of the TAPSE value and Tei index of infants in BC and AC groups and postnatal infants were less than 0.05, which was significant. In the BC group, the RV/LV ratio of fetuses was compared when P > 0.05, which was not significant; however, P < 0.05 after birth was considered significant. For fetuses and postnatal infants in the BC group, the RV/LV ratio was negatively associated with the TAPSE value. However, it was positively associated with the Tei index; Diagnostic test results. To predict impaired right heart function after birth, TAPSE had low diagnostic value, RV/LV and Tei index had high diagnostic value. Conclusions Oval foramen restriction and premature contraction of the arterial catheter may affect the right heart function after birth and be related to the degree of the right heart enlargement. Although TAPSE prediction of the fetal and postnatal right he…
bibliographic citation: Liu et al. (2023) Effect of oval foramen restriction and premature contraction of the arterial catheter on right heart function of fetuses and infants. PeerJ 11:e14702 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14702
date submitted: 2022-10-24
date accepted: 2022-12-15
issued: 2023-01-04
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Liu
  given name: Hongqiang
author list: Agent
  family name: Li
  given name: Jinqiu
author list: Agent
  family name: Cao
  given name: Xiaolong
author list: Agent
  family name: Wang
  given name: Yicheng
author list: Agent
  family name: Wen
  given name: Dehui
author list: Agent
  family name: Dong
  given name: Fengqun
author list: Agent
  family name: Wang
  given name: Jing
author list: Agent
  family name: Li
  given name: Tian
doi: 10.7717/peerj.14702
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-01-04
copyright: ©2023 Liu et al.
attribution name: Liu et al.

Acute physiological outcomes of high-intensity functional training: a scoping review
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Systematic reviews and meta-analyses related to high-intensity functional training (HIFT) have been conducted. However, due to a restricted pool of available research, these investigations are often limited in scope. As such, a scoping review investigating the present literature surrounding the acute physiological response to HIFT-based exercise was chosen as a more appropriate structured review. Methodology A scoping review was conducted following Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. Three large scale databases were searched to reveal any article pertaining to HIFT and related exercise terminology. Results A total of 2,241 articles were found during the initial search. Following this, titles, then abstracts, and full-texts were reviewed to determine inclusion eligibility. A total of 60 articles which investigated a combined total of 35 unique HIFT workouts were included within this review. Conclusions A variety of physiological parameters and HIFT workouts have been examined. Markers of intensity (e.g., blood lactate concentrations, heart rate) have been most consistently assessed across all studies, and these support the idea that HIFT workouts are typically performed at high-intensity. In contrast, the inclusion of most other measures (e.g., hormonal, markers of inflammation and damage, energy expenditure, performance) has been inconsistent and has thus, limited the possibility for making generalized conclusions. Differences in study methodologies have further impacted conclusions, as different studies have varied in sample population characteristics, workouts assessed, and time points. Though it may be impossible to comprehensively research all possible HIFT workouts, consistent adoption of population definitions and workload quantification may overcome this challenge and assist with future comparisons.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Jacob M. McDougle
creator: Gerald T. Mangine
creator: Jeremy R. Townsend
creator: Adam R. Jajtner
creator: Yuri Feito
subject: Anatomy and Physiology
subject: Kinesiology
subject: Public Health
subject: Sports Medicine
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.14493
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 McDougle et al.
abstract: Background Systematic reviews and meta-analyses related to high-intensity functional training (HIFT) have been conducted. However, due to a restricted pool of available research, these investigations are often limited in scope. As such, a scoping review investigating the present literature surrounding the acute physiological response to HIFT-based exercise was chosen as a more appropriate structured review. Methodology A scoping review was conducted following Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. Three large scale databases were searched to reveal any article pertaining to HIFT and related exercise terminology. Results A total of 2,241 articles were found during the initial search. Following this, titles, then abstracts, and full-texts were reviewed to determine inclusion eligibility. A total of 60 articles which investigated a combined total of 35 unique HIFT workouts were included within this review. Conclusions A variety of physiological parameters and HIFT workouts have been examined. Markers of intensity (e.g., blood lactate concentrations, heart rate) have been most consistently assessed across all studies, and these support the idea that HIFT workouts are typically performed at high-intensity. In contrast, the inclusion of most other measures (e.g., hormonal, markers of inflammation and damage, energy expenditure, performance) has been inconsistent and has thus, limited the possibility for making generalized conclusions. Differences in study methodologies have further impacted conclusions, as different studies have varied in sample population characteristics, workouts assessed, and time points. Though it may be impossible to comprehensively research all possible HIFT workouts, consistent adoption of population definitions and workload quantification may overcome this challenge and assist with future comparisons.
bibliographic citation: McDougle et al. (2023) Acute physiological outcomes of high-intensity functional training: a scoping review. PeerJ 11:e14493 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14493
date submitted: 2022-08-26
date accepted: 2022-11-09
issued: 2023-01-03
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: McDougle
  given name: Jacob M.
author list: Agent
  family name: Mangine
  given name: Gerald T.
author list: Agent
  family name: Townsend
  given name: Jeremy R.
author list: Agent
  family name: Jajtner
  given name: Adam R.
author list: Agent
  family name: Feito
  given name: Yuri
doi: 10.7717/peerj.14493
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-01-03
copyright: © 2023 McDougle et al.
attribution name: McDougle et al.

Phytoplankton diversity and chemotaxonomy in contrasting North Pacific ecosystems
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Phytoplankton is the base of majority of ocean ecosystems. It is responsible for half of the global primary production, and different phytoplankton taxa have a unique role in global biogeochemical cycles. In addition, phytoplankton abundance and diversity are highly susceptible to climate induced changes, hence monitoring of phytoplankton and its diversity is important and necessary. Methods Water samples for phytoplankton and photosynthetic pigment analyses were collected in boreal winter 2017, along transect in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) and the California Current System (CCS). Phytoplankton community was analyzed using light and scanning electron microscopy and photosynthetic pigments by high-performance liquid chromatography. To describe distinct ecosystems, monthly average satellite data of MODIS Aqua Sea Surface temperature and Chlorophyll a concentration, as well as Apparent Visible Wavelength were used. Results A total of 207 taxa have been determined, mostly comprised of coccolithophores (35.5%), diatoms (25.2%) and dinoflagellates (19.5%) while cryptophytes, phytoflagellates and silicoflagellates were included in the group “others” (19.8%). Phytoplankton spatial distribution was distinct, indicating variable planktonic dispersal rates and specific adaptation to ecosystems. Dinoflagellates, and nano-scale coccolithophores dominated NPSG, while micro-scale diatoms, and cryptophytes prevailed in CCS. A clear split between CCS and NPSG is evident in dendogram visualising LINKTREE constrained binary divisive clustering analysis done on phytoplankton counts and pigment concentrations. Of all pigments determined, alloxanthin, zeaxanthin, divinyl chlorophyll b and lutein have highest correlation to phytoplankton counts. Conclusion Combining chemotaxonomy and microscopy is an optimal method to determine phytoplankton diversity on a large-scale transect. Distinct communities between the two contrasting ecosystems of North Pacific reveal phy…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Antonija Matek
creator: Sunčica Bosak
creator: Luka Šupraha
creator: Aimee Neeley
creator: Hrvoje Višić
creator: Ivona Cetinić
creator: Zrinka Ljubešić
subject: Biodiversity
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Taxonomy
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.14501
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Matek et al.
abstract: Background Phytoplankton is the base of majority of ocean ecosystems. It is responsible for half of the global primary production, and different phytoplankton taxa have a unique role in global biogeochemical cycles. In addition, phytoplankton abundance and diversity are highly susceptible to climate induced changes, hence monitoring of phytoplankton and its diversity is important and necessary. Methods Water samples for phytoplankton and photosynthetic pigment analyses were collected in boreal winter 2017, along transect in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) and the California Current System (CCS). Phytoplankton community was analyzed using light and scanning electron microscopy and photosynthetic pigments by high-performance liquid chromatography. To describe distinct ecosystems, monthly average satellite data of MODIS Aqua Sea Surface temperature and Chlorophyll a concentration, as well as Apparent Visible Wavelength were used. Results A total of 207 taxa have been determined, mostly comprised of coccolithophores (35.5%), diatoms (25.2%) and dinoflagellates (19.5%) while cryptophytes, phytoflagellates and silicoflagellates were included in the group “others” (19.8%). Phytoplankton spatial distribution was distinct, indicating variable planktonic dispersal rates and specific adaptation to ecosystems. Dinoflagellates, and nano-scale coccolithophores dominated NPSG, while micro-scale diatoms, and cryptophytes prevailed in CCS. A clear split between CCS and NPSG is evident in dendogram visualising LINKTREE constrained binary divisive clustering analysis done on phytoplankton counts and pigment concentrations. Of all pigments determined, alloxanthin, zeaxanthin, divinyl chlorophyll b and lutein have highest correlation to phytoplankton counts. Conclusion Combining chemotaxonomy and microscopy is an optimal method to determine phytoplankton diversity on a large-scale transect. Distinct communities between the two contrasting ecosystems of North Pacific reveal phy…
bibliographic citation: Matek et al. (2023) Phytoplankton diversity and chemotaxonomy in contrasting North Pacific ecosystems. PeerJ 11:e14501 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14501
date submitted: 2022-06-04
date accepted: 2022-11-10
issued: 2023-01-03
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Matek
  given name: Antonija
author list: Agent
  family name: Bosak
  given name: Sunčica
author list: Agent
  family name: Šupraha
  given name: Luka
author list: Agent
  family name: Neeley
  given name: Aimee
author list: Agent
  family name: Višić
  given name: Hrvoje
author list: Agent
  family name: Cetinić
  given name: Ivona
author list: Agent
  family name: Ljubešić
  given name: Zrinka
doi: 10.7717/peerj.14501
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-01-03
copyright: ©2023 Matek et al.
attribution name: Matek et al.

PeerJ
type: Periodical
uri: PeerJ
issn: 2167-8359