PeerJ
type: channel
link: https://peerj.com/articles/
description: Articles published in PeerJ
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
publication name: PeerJ
issn: 2167-8359
items: Selective HDAC6 inhibitor TubA offers neuroprotection after intracerebral hemorrhage via inhibiting neuronal apoptosis
items: The deployment of temporary nurses and its association with permanently-employed nurses’ outcomes in psychiatric hospitals: a secondary analysis
items: Active acoustic surveys reveal coastal fish community resistance to an environmental perturbation in South Florida
items: Expanded sampling of New Zealand glass sponges (Porifera: Hexactinellida) provides new insights into biodiversity, chemodiversity, and phylogeny of the class
items: Estimating the impact of new high seas activities on the environment: the effects of ocean-surface macroplastic removal on sea surface ecosystems
items: Eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica settle near inlets in a lagoonal estuary: spatial and temporal distribution of recruitment in Mid-Atlantic Coastal Bays (Maryland, USA)
items: Antagonistic antimalarial properties of a methoxyamino chalcone derivative and 3-hydroxypyridinones in combination with dihydroartemisinin against Plasmodium falciparum
items: Shaping ability of WaveOne Gold and OneReci by using two apical sizes: a micro-computed tomographic assessment
items: Will future maize improvement programs leverage the canopy light-interception, photosynthetic, and biomass capacities of traditional accessions?
items: Reference evapotranspiration estimate with missing climatic data and multiple linear regression models

Selective HDAC6 inhibitor TubA offers neuroprotection after intracerebral hemorrhage via inhibiting neuronal apoptosis
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: A large body of evidence has demonstrated that neuronal apoptosis is involved in the pathological process of secondary brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Additionally, our previous studies determined that the inhibition of HDAC6 activity by tubacin or specific shRNA can attenuate neuronal apoptosis in an oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion model. However, whether the pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6-attenuated neuronal apoptosis in ICH remains unclear. In this study, we used hemin-induced SH-SY5Y cells to simulate a hemorrhage state in vitro and adopted a collagenase-induced ICH rat model in vivo to assess the effect of the HDAC6 inhibition. We found a significant increase in HDAC6 during the early stages of ICH. As expected, the acetylated α-tubulin significantly decreased in correlation with the expression of HDAC6. Medium and high doses (25, 40 mg/kg) of TubA, a selective inhibitor of HDAC6, both reduced neurological impairments, histological impairments, and ipsilateral brain edema in vivo. TubA or HDAC6 siRNA both alleviated neuronal apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Finally, HDAC6 inhibition increased the level of acetylated α-tubulin and Bcl-2 and lowered the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 post-ICH. In general, these results suggested that the pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6 may act as a novel and promising therapeutic target for ICH therapy by up-regulating acetylated α-tubulin and reducing neuronal apoptosis.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Cuiying Peng
creator: Xiyu Gong
creator: Zhiping Hu
creator: Chunli Chen
creator: Zheng Jiang
subject: Animal Behavior
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Histology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15293
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Peng et al.
abstract: A large body of evidence has demonstrated that neuronal apoptosis is involved in the pathological process of secondary brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Additionally, our previous studies determined that the inhibition of HDAC6 activity by tubacin or specific shRNA can attenuate neuronal apoptosis in an oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion model. However, whether the pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6-attenuated neuronal apoptosis in ICH remains unclear. In this study, we used hemin-induced SH-SY5Y cells to simulate a hemorrhage state in vitro and adopted a collagenase-induced ICH rat model in vivo to assess the effect of the HDAC6 inhibition. We found a significant increase in HDAC6 during the early stages of ICH. As expected, the acetylated α-tubulin significantly decreased in correlation with the expression of HDAC6. Medium and high doses (25, 40 mg/kg) of TubA, a selective inhibitor of HDAC6, both reduced neurological impairments, histological impairments, and ipsilateral brain edema in vivo. TubA or HDAC6 siRNA both alleviated neuronal apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Finally, HDAC6 inhibition increased the level of acetylated α-tubulin and Bcl-2 and lowered the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 post-ICH. In general, these results suggested that the pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6 may act as a novel and promising therapeutic target for ICH therapy by up-regulating acetylated α-tubulin and reducing neuronal apoptosis.
bibliographic citation: Peng et al. (2023) Selective HDAC6 inhibitor TubA offers neuroprotection after intracerebral hemorrhage via inhibiting neuronal apoptosis. PeerJ 11:e15293 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15293
date submitted: 2023-01-16
date accepted: 2023-04-04
issued: 2023-04-28
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Peng
  given name: Cuiying
author list: Agent
  family name: Gong
  given name: Xiyu
author list: Agent
  family name: Hu
  given name: Zhiping
author list: Agent
  family name: Chen
  given name: Chunli
author list: Agent
  family name: Jiang
  given name: Zheng
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15293
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-04-28
copyright: © 2023 Peng et al.
attribution name: Peng et al.

The deployment of temporary nurses and its association with permanently-employed nurses’ outcomes in psychiatric hospitals: a secondary analysis
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Aims This study’s objective was to investigate possible associations between the frequency of temporary nurse deployments and permanently-employed nurses’ outcomes including staffing levels in Swiss psychiatric hospitals. Background Faced with widespread nursing shortages, some nursing managers frequently deploy temporary nurses to meet their staffing needs. While various studies have investigated the relationships between temporary nurses’ deployment and permanently-employed nurse outcomes, few anywhere, and none in Switzerland, have explored such deployments’ relationships with permanently-employed nurses’ job satisfaction, burnout, or intent to leave their organization or profession. Furthermore, especially in psychiatric hospitals, research on temporary nurse deployments and their association with permanently-employed nurses’ outcomes remains scarce. Methods This secondary analysis is based on the MatchRN Psychiatry study, which included 79 psychiatric units and 651 nurses. Using descriptive analyses and linear mixed modeling, we assessed the frequency of temporary nurses’ deployment and its association with four permanently-employed nurse outcomes: staffing levels, job satisfaction, burnout, and intention to leave their organization or profession. Results Roughly one-quarter of the studied units reported frequently deploying temporary nurses. Nonetheless, no differences in nurse staffing levels were found. Regarding permanently-employed nurses’ outcomes, we identified slightly higher levels of intention to leave the profession (beta = 0.18; 95% CI [0.03–0.33]) and burnout (beta = 0.19; 95% CI [0.4–0.33]) on units where temporary nurses were frequently deployed. Conclusion Deploying temporary nurses appears to help units maintain adequate staffing levels. However, additional research will be necessary to better understand whether working conditions are the common cause of temporary nurses’ deployment and permanently-employed nurse outcomes. Until more informatio…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Leonel Oliveira
creator: Beatrice Gehri
creator: Michael Simon
subject: Nursing
subject: Mental Health
subject: Healthcare Services
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15300
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Oliveira et al.
abstract: Aims This study’s objective was to investigate possible associations between the frequency of temporary nurse deployments and permanently-employed nurses’ outcomes including staffing levels in Swiss psychiatric hospitals. Background Faced with widespread nursing shortages, some nursing managers frequently deploy temporary nurses to meet their staffing needs. While various studies have investigated the relationships between temporary nurses’ deployment and permanently-employed nurse outcomes, few anywhere, and none in Switzerland, have explored such deployments’ relationships with permanently-employed nurses’ job satisfaction, burnout, or intent to leave their organization or profession. Furthermore, especially in psychiatric hospitals, research on temporary nurse deployments and their association with permanently-employed nurses’ outcomes remains scarce. Methods This secondary analysis is based on the MatchRN Psychiatry study, which included 79 psychiatric units and 651 nurses. Using descriptive analyses and linear mixed modeling, we assessed the frequency of temporary nurses’ deployment and its association with four permanently-employed nurse outcomes: staffing levels, job satisfaction, burnout, and intention to leave their organization or profession. Results Roughly one-quarter of the studied units reported frequently deploying temporary nurses. Nonetheless, no differences in nurse staffing levels were found. Regarding permanently-employed nurses’ outcomes, we identified slightly higher levels of intention to leave the profession (beta = 0.18; 95% CI [0.03–0.33]) and burnout (beta = 0.19; 95% CI [0.4–0.33]) on units where temporary nurses were frequently deployed. Conclusion Deploying temporary nurses appears to help units maintain adequate staffing levels. However, additional research will be necessary to better understand whether working conditions are the common cause of temporary nurses’ deployment and permanently-employed nurse outcomes. Until more informatio…
bibliographic citation: Oliveira et al. (2023) The deployment of temporary nurses and its association with permanently-employed nurses’ outcomes in psychiatric hospitals: a secondary analysis. PeerJ 11:e15300 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15300
date submitted: 2022-12-16
date accepted: 2023-04-05
issued: 2023-04-28
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Oliveira
  given name: Leonel
author list: Agent
  family name: Gehri
  given name: Beatrice
author list: Agent
  family name: Simon
  given name: Michael
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15300
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-04-28
copyright: © 2023 Oliveira et al.
attribution name: Oliveira et al.

Active acoustic surveys reveal coastal fish community resistance to an environmental perturbation in South Florida
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Coastal fish communities are under increasing levels of stress associated with climate variation and anthropogenic activities. However, the high degree of behavioral plasticity of many species within these communities allow them to cope with altered environmental conditions to some extent. Here, we combine meteorological information, data from hydroacoustic surveys, and recordings of goliath grouper sound production to examine the response of coastal fish communities to heavy rainfall events in South Florida, USA, that resulted in the release of excess storm water into surrounding estuaries and coastal waters. We observed a nearly 12,000% increase in water column acoustic backscatter following a heavy rainfall event of September 16th, 2015. Interestingly, estimates of school backscatter, a proxy for biomass, increased by 172% with the onset of the perturbation. Schooling fish density also increased by 182%, as did acoustically derived estimates of mean schooling fish length (21%). Following the perturbed period, school backscatter decreased by 406%, along with schooling density (272%), and mean schooling fish length (35%). Hydrophone and hydroacoustic data also revealed that goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara) spawning aggregations were persistent in the region throughout the duration of the study and continued to exhibit courtship behavior during the perturbed period. Our observations demonstrate the high level of resistance common in coastal species but raises new questions regarding the threshold at which fish communities and reproductive activities are disrupted. As coastal land use continues to increase, and the effects of global climate change become more pronounced, more Before-After Control Impact (BACI) studies will provide improved insight into the overall response of nearshore communities to future perturbations and the cumulative effect of repeated perturbations over extended periods.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Benjamin M. Binder
creator: Guillaume Rieucau
creator: James V. Locascio
creator: J. Christopher Taylor
creator: Kevin M. Boswell
subject: Aquaculture, Fisheries and Fish Science
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Zoology
subject: Environmental Impacts
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.14888
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Binder et al.
abstract: Coastal fish communities are under increasing levels of stress associated with climate variation and anthropogenic activities. However, the high degree of behavioral plasticity of many species within these communities allow them to cope with altered environmental conditions to some extent. Here, we combine meteorological information, data from hydroacoustic surveys, and recordings of goliath grouper sound production to examine the response of coastal fish communities to heavy rainfall events in South Florida, USA, that resulted in the release of excess storm water into surrounding estuaries and coastal waters. We observed a nearly 12,000% increase in water column acoustic backscatter following a heavy rainfall event of September 16th, 2015. Interestingly, estimates of school backscatter, a proxy for biomass, increased by 172% with the onset of the perturbation. Schooling fish density also increased by 182%, as did acoustically derived estimates of mean schooling fish length (21%). Following the perturbed period, school backscatter decreased by 406%, along with schooling density (272%), and mean schooling fish length (35%). Hydrophone and hydroacoustic data also revealed that goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara) spawning aggregations were persistent in the region throughout the duration of the study and continued to exhibit courtship behavior during the perturbed period. Our observations demonstrate the high level of resistance common in coastal species but raises new questions regarding the threshold at which fish communities and reproductive activities are disrupted. As coastal land use continues to increase, and the effects of global climate change become more pronounced, more Before-After Control Impact (BACI) studies will provide improved insight into the overall response of nearshore communities to future perturbations and the cumulative effect of repeated perturbations over extended periods.
bibliographic citation: Binder et al. (2023) Active acoustic surveys reveal coastal fish community resistance to an environmental perturbation in South Florida. PeerJ 11:e14888 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14888
date submitted: 2022-10-21
date accepted: 2023-01-22
issued: 2023-04-27
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Binder
  given name: Benjamin M.
author list: Agent
  family name: Rieucau
  given name: Guillaume
author list: Agent
  family name: Locascio
  given name: James V.
author list: Agent
  family name: Taylor
  given name: J. Christopher
author list: Agent
  family name: Boswell
  given name: Kevin M.
doi: 10.7717/peerj.14888
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-04-27
copyright: ©2023 Binder et al.
attribution name: Binder et al.

Expanded sampling of New Zealand glass sponges (Porifera: Hexactinellida) provides new insights into biodiversity, chemodiversity, and phylogeny of the class
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Glass sponges (Hexactinellida) constitute important parts of ecosystems on the deep-sea floor worldwide. However, they are still an understudied group in terms of their diversity and systematics. Here, we report on new specimens collected during RV Sonne expedition SO254 to the New Zealand region, which has recently emerged as a biodiversity hotspot for hexactinellids. Examination of the material revealed several species new to science or so far unknown from this area. While formal taxonomic descriptions of a fraction of these were published earlier, we here briefly report on the morphology of the remaining new species and use the collection to greatly expand the molecular phylogeny of the group as established with ribosomal DNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I markers. In addition, we provide a chemical fingerprinting analysis on a subset of the specimens to investigate if the metabolome of glass sponges contains phylogenetic signal that could be used to supplement morphological and DNA-based approaches.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Martin Dohrmann
creator: Henry M. Reiswig
creator: Michelle Kelly
creator: Sadie Mills
creator: Simone Schätzle
creator: Miriam Reverter
creator: Natascha Niesse
creator: Sven Rohde
creator: Peter Schupp
creator: Gert Wörheide
subject: Biodiversity
subject: Evolutionary Studies
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Taxonomy
subject: Zoology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15017
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Dohrmann et al.
abstract: Glass sponges (Hexactinellida) constitute important parts of ecosystems on the deep-sea floor worldwide. However, they are still an understudied group in terms of their diversity and systematics. Here, we report on new specimens collected during RV Sonne expedition SO254 to the New Zealand region, which has recently emerged as a biodiversity hotspot for hexactinellids. Examination of the material revealed several species new to science or so far unknown from this area. While formal taxonomic descriptions of a fraction of these were published earlier, we here briefly report on the morphology of the remaining new species and use the collection to greatly expand the molecular phylogeny of the group as established with ribosomal DNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I markers. In addition, we provide a chemical fingerprinting analysis on a subset of the specimens to investigate if the metabolome of glass sponges contains phylogenetic signal that could be used to supplement morphological and DNA-based approaches.
bibliographic citation: Dohrmann et al. (2023) Expanded sampling of New Zealand glass sponges (Porifera: Hexactinellida) provides new insights into biodiversity, chemodiversity, and phylogeny of the class. PeerJ 11:e15017 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15017
date submitted: 2023-01-11
date accepted: 2023-02-17
issued: 2023-04-27
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Dohrmann
  given name: Martin
author list: Agent
  family name: Reiswig
  given name: Henry M.
author list: Agent
  family name: Kelly
  given name: Michelle
author list: Agent
  family name: Mills
  given name: Sadie
author list: Agent
  family name: Schätzle
  given name: Simone
author list: Agent
  family name: Reverter
  given name: Miriam
author list: Agent
  family name: Niesse
  given name: Natascha
author list: Agent
  family name: Rohde
  given name: Sven
author list: Agent
  family name: Schupp
  given name: Peter
author list: Agent
  family name: Wörheide
  given name: Gert
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15017
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-04-27
copyright: ©2023 Dohrmann et al.
attribution name: Dohrmann et al.

Estimating the impact of new high seas activities on the environment: the effects of ocean-surface macroplastic removal on sea surface ecosystems
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: The open ocean beyond national jurisdiction covers nearly half of Earth’s surface and is largely unexplored. It is also an emerging frontier for new types of human activity. Understanding how new activities interact with high seas ecosystems is critical for our management of this other half of Earth. Using The Ocean Cleanup (TOC) as a model, we demonstrate why it is important to account for uncertainty when assessing and evaluating impacts of novel high seas activities on marine ecosystems. TOC’s aim is to remove plastic from the ocean surface by collecting it with large nets. However, this approach also results in the collection of surface marine life (neuston) as by-catch. Using an interdisciplinary approach, we explore the social-ecological implications of this activity. We use population models to quantify potential impacts on the surface ecosystem; we determine the links between these ecosystems and society through an ecosystem services approach; and we review the governance setting relevant to the management of activities on the high seas. We show that the impact of ocean surface plastic removal largely depends on neuston life histories, and ranges from potentially mild to severe. We identify broader social-ecological implications that could be felt by stakeholders both beyond and within national jurisdiction. The legal framework applicable to TOC’s activities is insufficiently specific to address both the ecological and social uncertainty we describe, demonstrating the urgent need for detailed rules and procedures on environmental impact assessment and strategic environmental assessment to be adopted under the new International Agreement on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction which is currently being negotiated.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Matthew Spencer
creator: Fiona Culhane
creator: Fiona Chong
creator: Megan O. Powell
creator: Rozemarijn J. Roland Holst
creator: Rebecca Helm
subject: Biodiversity
subject: Ecosystem Science
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Environmental Impacts
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15021
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Spencer et al.
abstract: The open ocean beyond national jurisdiction covers nearly half of Earth’s surface and is largely unexplored. It is also an emerging frontier for new types of human activity. Understanding how new activities interact with high seas ecosystems is critical for our management of this other half of Earth. Using The Ocean Cleanup (TOC) as a model, we demonstrate why it is important to account for uncertainty when assessing and evaluating impacts of novel high seas activities on marine ecosystems. TOC’s aim is to remove plastic from the ocean surface by collecting it with large nets. However, this approach also results in the collection of surface marine life (neuston) as by-catch. Using an interdisciplinary approach, we explore the social-ecological implications of this activity. We use population models to quantify potential impacts on the surface ecosystem; we determine the links between these ecosystems and society through an ecosystem services approach; and we review the governance setting relevant to the management of activities on the high seas. We show that the impact of ocean surface plastic removal largely depends on neuston life histories, and ranges from potentially mild to severe. We identify broader social-ecological implications that could be felt by stakeholders both beyond and within national jurisdiction. The legal framework applicable to TOC’s activities is insufficiently specific to address both the ecological and social uncertainty we describe, demonstrating the urgent need for detailed rules and procedures on environmental impact assessment and strategic environmental assessment to be adopted under the new International Agreement on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction which is currently being negotiated.
bibliographic citation: Spencer et al. (2023) Estimating the impact of new high seas activities on the environment: the effects of ocean-surface macroplastic removal on sea surface ecosystems. PeerJ 11:e15021 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15021
date submitted: 2022-11-29
date accepted: 2023-02-17
issued: 2023-04-27
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Spencer
  given name: Matthew
author list: Agent
  family name: Culhane
  given name: Fiona
author list: Agent
  family name: Chong
  given name: Fiona
author list: Agent
  family name: Powell
  given name: Megan O.
author list: Agent
  family name: Roland Holst
  given name: Rozemarijn J.
author list: Agent
  family name: Helm
  given name: Rebecca
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15021
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-04-27
copyright: ©2023 Spencer et al.
attribution name: Spencer et al.

Eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica settle near inlets in a lagoonal estuary: spatial and temporal distribution of recruitment in Mid-Atlantic Coastal Bays (Maryland, USA)
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Declines of the Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, and its numerous ecological benefits have spurred oyster restoration initiatives. Successful restoration of a self-sustaining oyster population requires evaluating the temporal and spatial patterns of recruitment (settlement and survival) of oyster larvae in the target waterbody. Restoration of the Eastern oyster population in the Maryland Coastal Bays (MCBs), USA, a shallow lagoonal estuary, is of interest to federal, state, and non-governmental, but the location and timing of natural recruitment is not known. Methods We assessed the spatial and temporal variation in oyster larval recruitment throughout the MCBs using horizontal ceramic tiles and PVC plates. Newly settled oyster larvae (recruits) were monitored biweekly from June to September 2019 and 2020 at 12 sites in the MCBs and a comparison site in Wachapreague, Virginia. Water quality measurements collected included temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and turbidity. The objectives of this study were to determine (1) the most effective substrate and design for monitoring oyster recruitment, (2) the spatial and temporal distribution of oyster larval recruitment in the MCBs, and (3) patterns in oyster larval recruitment that would be applicable to other lagoonal estuaries. Results (1) Ceramic tiles were more effective than PVC plates for recruiting oyster larvae. (2) Peak settlement began during the period from late June through July, and oyster recruitment was greatest at sites closest to the Ocean City and Chincoteague inlets. (3) Areas near broodstock that have slow flushing rates to retain larvae may provide the best environments for recruitment of oysters to lagoonal estuaries. Discussion As the first study on oyster larval recruitment in the MCBs, our results provide insight into their spatial and temporal distribution, methods that can serve as a foundation for future recruitment studies in other lagoonal estuaries, and baseline d…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Madeline A. Farmer
creator: Sabrina A. Klick
creator: Daniel W. Cullen
creator: Bradley G. Stevens
subject: Aquaculture, Fisheries and Fish Science
subject: Conservation Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Zoology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15114
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Farmer et al.
abstract: Background Declines of the Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, and its numerous ecological benefits have spurred oyster restoration initiatives. Successful restoration of a self-sustaining oyster population requires evaluating the temporal and spatial patterns of recruitment (settlement and survival) of oyster larvae in the target waterbody. Restoration of the Eastern oyster population in the Maryland Coastal Bays (MCBs), USA, a shallow lagoonal estuary, is of interest to federal, state, and non-governmental, but the location and timing of natural recruitment is not known. Methods We assessed the spatial and temporal variation in oyster larval recruitment throughout the MCBs using horizontal ceramic tiles and PVC plates. Newly settled oyster larvae (recruits) were monitored biweekly from June to September 2019 and 2020 at 12 sites in the MCBs and a comparison site in Wachapreague, Virginia. Water quality measurements collected included temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and turbidity. The objectives of this study were to determine (1) the most effective substrate and design for monitoring oyster recruitment, (2) the spatial and temporal distribution of oyster larval recruitment in the MCBs, and (3) patterns in oyster larval recruitment that would be applicable to other lagoonal estuaries. Results (1) Ceramic tiles were more effective than PVC plates for recruiting oyster larvae. (2) Peak settlement began during the period from late June through July, and oyster recruitment was greatest at sites closest to the Ocean City and Chincoteague inlets. (3) Areas near broodstock that have slow flushing rates to retain larvae may provide the best environments for recruitment of oysters to lagoonal estuaries. Discussion As the first study on oyster larval recruitment in the MCBs, our results provide insight into their spatial and temporal distribution, methods that can serve as a foundation for future recruitment studies in other lagoonal estuaries, and baseline d…
bibliographic citation: Farmer et al. (2023) Eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica settle near inlets in a lagoonal estuary: spatial and temporal distribution of recruitment in Mid-Atlantic Coastal Bays (Maryland, USA). PeerJ 11:e15114 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15114
date submitted: 2022-05-09
date accepted: 2023-03-02
issued: 2023-04-27
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Farmer
  given name: Madeline A.
author list: Agent
  family name: Klick
  given name: Sabrina A.
author list: Agent
  family name: Cullen
  given name: Daniel W.
author list: Agent
  family name: Stevens
  given name: Bradley G.
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15114
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-04-27
copyright: © 2023 Farmer et al.
attribution name: Farmer et al.

Antagonistic antimalarial properties of a methoxyamino chalcone derivative and 3-hydroxypyridinones in combination with dihydroartemisinin against Plasmodium falciparum
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background The spread of artemisinin (ART)-resistant Plasmodium falciparum threatens the control of malaria. Mutations in the propeller domains of P. falciparum Kelch13 (k13) are strongly associated with ART resistance. Ferredoxin (Fd), a component of the ferredoxin/NADP+ reductase (Fd/FNR) redox system, is essential for isoprenoid precursor synthesis in the plasmodial apicoplast, which is important for K13-dependent hemoglobin trafficking and ART activation. Therefore, Fd is an antimalarial drug target and fd mutations may modulate ART sensitivity. We hypothesized that loss of Fd/FNR function enhances the effect of k13 mutation on ART resistance. Methods In this study, methoxyamino chalcone (C3), an antimalarial compound that has been reported to inhibit the interaction of recombinant Fd and FNR proteins, was used as a chemical inhibitor of the Fd/FNR redox system. We investigated the inhibitory effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA), C3, and iron chelators including deferiprone (DFP), 1-(N-acetyl-6-aminohexyl)-3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4-one (CM1) and deferiprone-resveratrol hybrid (DFP-RVT) against wild-type (WT), k13 mutant, fd mutant, and k13 fd double mutant P. falciparum parasites. Furthermore, we investigated the pharmacological interaction of C3 with DHA, in which the iron chelators were used as reference ART antagonists. Results C3 showed antimalarial potency similar to that of the iron chelators. As expected, combining DHA with C3 or iron chelators exhibited a moderately antagonistic effect. No differences were observed among the mutant parasites with respect to their sensitivity to C3, iron chelators, or the interactions of these compounds with DHA. Discussion The data suggest that inhibitors of the Fd/FNR redox system should be avoided as ART partner drugs in ART combination therapy for treating malaria.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Tanyaluck Kampoun
creator: Pimpisid Koonyosying
creator: Jetsada Ruangsuriya
creator: Parichat Prommana
creator: Philip J. Shaw
creator: Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan
creator: Hery Suwito
creator: Ni Nyoman Tri Puspaningsih
creator: Chairat Uthaipibull
creator: Somdet Srichairatanakool
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Parasitology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15187
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Kampoun et al.
abstract: Background The spread of artemisinin (ART)-resistant Plasmodium falciparum threatens the control of malaria. Mutations in the propeller domains of P. falciparum Kelch13 (k13) are strongly associated with ART resistance. Ferredoxin (Fd), a component of the ferredoxin/NADP+ reductase (Fd/FNR) redox system, is essential for isoprenoid precursor synthesis in the plasmodial apicoplast, which is important for K13-dependent hemoglobin trafficking and ART activation. Therefore, Fd is an antimalarial drug target and fd mutations may modulate ART sensitivity. We hypothesized that loss of Fd/FNR function enhances the effect of k13 mutation on ART resistance. Methods In this study, methoxyamino chalcone (C3), an antimalarial compound that has been reported to inhibit the interaction of recombinant Fd and FNR proteins, was used as a chemical inhibitor of the Fd/FNR redox system. We investigated the inhibitory effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA), C3, and iron chelators including deferiprone (DFP), 1-(N-acetyl-6-aminohexyl)-3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4-one (CM1) and deferiprone-resveratrol hybrid (DFP-RVT) against wild-type (WT), k13 mutant, fd mutant, and k13 fd double mutant P. falciparum parasites. Furthermore, we investigated the pharmacological interaction of C3 with DHA, in which the iron chelators were used as reference ART antagonists. Results C3 showed antimalarial potency similar to that of the iron chelators. As expected, combining DHA with C3 or iron chelators exhibited a moderately antagonistic effect. No differences were observed among the mutant parasites with respect to their sensitivity to C3, iron chelators, or the interactions of these compounds with DHA. Discussion The data suggest that inhibitors of the Fd/FNR redox system should be avoided as ART partner drugs in ART combination therapy for treating malaria.
bibliographic citation: Kampoun et al. (2023) Antagonistic antimalarial properties of a methoxyamino chalcone derivative and 3-hydroxypyridinones in combination with dihydroartemisinin against Plasmodium falciparum. PeerJ 11:e15187 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15187
date submitted: 2022-12-15
date accepted: 2023-03-15
issued: 2023-04-27
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Kampoun
  given name: Tanyaluck
author list: Agent
  family name: Koonyosying
  given name: Pimpisid
author list: Agent
  family name: Ruangsuriya
  given name: Jetsada
author list: Agent
  family name: Prommana
  given name: Parichat
author list: Agent
  family name: Shaw
  given name: Philip J.
author list: Agent
  family name: Kamchonwongpaisan
  given name: Sumalee
author list: Agent
  family name: Suwito
  given name: Hery
author list: Agent
  family name: Puspaningsih
  given name: Ni Nyoman Tri
author list: Agent
  family name: Uthaipibull
  given name: Chairat
author list: Agent
  family name: Srichairatanakool
  given name: Somdet
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15187
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-04-27
copyright: © 2023 Kampoun et al.
attribution name: Kampoun et al.

Shaping ability of WaveOne Gold and OneReci by using two apical sizes: a micro-computed tomographic assessment
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Backround OneReci (MicroMega, Besançon, France) is a recently introduced single-file reciprocating system with scarce information revealed on its shaping ability. This study aimed to compare the shaping abilities of OneReci and a well-documented single-file reciprocating system WaveOne Gold (WOG; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and evaluate the effect of increased apical enlargement on the preparation quality, using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Methods After an initial micro-CT scanning, twenty mesial root canals of mandibular molars were anatomically matched. The canals were assigned to two experimental groups (n = 10), using OneReci or WOG in different canals of the same root. The glide paths were created, and root canals were prepared twice, using size 25 and 35 instruments of the systems, respectively. The specimens were scanned with micro-CT after each preparation. The increase in canal volume, amount of dentin removal, unprepared root canal surface, canal transportation, centering ratio and preparation times were assessed. The data were analysed with independent sample t-tests, variance analyses, Friedman and Mann-Whitney U tests. The significance level was set at 5%. Results Each preparation increased the canal volume and dentin removal while decreasing the unprepared root surface. The difference between the systems became significant after preparation with size 35 instruments (p < 0.05). Regarding canal transportation and centering ratio, the difference was insignificant (p > 0.05). The first preparation step (glide path + size 25 instrument) was significantly faster in the OneReci group (p < 0.05). Conclusions Preparation with size 25 instruments of the systems appeared to be safe with similar shaping performances. Larger apical preparation promoted significantly higher dentin removal, volume increase, and prepared surface area in WOG.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Elif Çiftçioğlu
creator: Ali Keleş
creator: Gözde Akbal Dinçer
creator: Melis Oya Ateş
creator: Enver Sedat Küçükay
subject: Dentistry
subject: Healthcare Services
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15208
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Çiftçioğlu et al.
abstract: Backround OneReci (MicroMega, Besançon, France) is a recently introduced single-file reciprocating system with scarce information revealed on its shaping ability. This study aimed to compare the shaping abilities of OneReci and a well-documented single-file reciprocating system WaveOne Gold (WOG; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and evaluate the effect of increased apical enlargement on the preparation quality, using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Methods After an initial micro-CT scanning, twenty mesial root canals of mandibular molars were anatomically matched. The canals were assigned to two experimental groups (n = 10), using OneReci or WOG in different canals of the same root. The glide paths were created, and root canals were prepared twice, using size 25 and 35 instruments of the systems, respectively. The specimens were scanned with micro-CT after each preparation. The increase in canal volume, amount of dentin removal, unprepared root canal surface, canal transportation, centering ratio and preparation times were assessed. The data were analysed with independent sample t-tests, variance analyses, Friedman and Mann-Whitney U tests. The significance level was set at 5%. Results Each preparation increased the canal volume and dentin removal while decreasing the unprepared root surface. The difference between the systems became significant after preparation with size 35 instruments (p < 0.05). Regarding canal transportation and centering ratio, the difference was insignificant (p > 0.05). The first preparation step (glide path + size 25 instrument) was significantly faster in the OneReci group (p < 0.05). Conclusions Preparation with size 25 instruments of the systems appeared to be safe with similar shaping performances. Larger apical preparation promoted significantly higher dentin removal, volume increase, and prepared surface area in WOG.
bibliographic citation: Çiftçioğlu et al. (2023) Shaping ability of WaveOne Gold and OneReci by using two apical sizes: a micro-computed tomographic assessment. PeerJ 11:e15208 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15208
date submitted: 2022-12-21
date accepted: 2023-03-19
issued: 2023-04-27
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Çiftçioğlu
  given name: Elif
author list: Agent
  family name: Keleş
  given name: Ali
author list: Agent
  family name: Akbal Dinçer
  given name: Gözde
author list: Agent
  family name: Ateş
  given name: Melis Oya
author list: Agent
  family name: Küçükay
  given name: Enver Sedat
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15208
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-04-27
copyright: ©2023 Çiftçioğlu et al.
attribution name: Çiftçioğlu et al.

Will future maize improvement programs leverage the canopy light-interception, photosynthetic, and biomass capacities of traditional accessions?
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Maize germplasm has greater latent potential to address the global food and feed crisis because of its high radiation, water and nutrient efficiencies. Photosynthetic and canopy architectural traits in maize are important in determining yield. The present study aimed to screen a subset of local maize accessions in Sri Lanka to evaluate their photosynthetic, biomass and yield related traits and to identify resource efficient germplasm. Experiments were carried out in the Ampara district of Sri Lanka. Eight maize accessions viz; SEU2, SEU6, SEU9, SEU10, SEU14, SEU15, SEU17 and SEU17 and two elite F1 cultivars (cv. Pacific-999 and cv. Bhadra) were analyzed under field conditions. Our results showed that maize genotypes produced a lower leaf area index (LAI) at the third and tenth week after field planting (WAP). However, the LAI was significantly increased in six WAP by Pacific-999, SEU2, SEU9, and SEU15. A similar trend was observed for percentage of light interception at three WAP (47%), six WAP (>64%), and decreased at 10 WAP. In addition, LAI maximum values were between 3.0 and 3.5, allowing 80% of the incident light to be intercepted by maize canopies. The estimated light extinction coefficient (k) remained lower (<0.5), suggesting that maize leaves are eractophilic canopies. Although fractional interception (f) varies, SEU2 and SEU9 had the highest values (0.57), and quantum yields of PSII (>0.73) in dark-adapted leaves. In addition, Pacific-999, SEU2, SEU9, and SEU17 had significantly higher rates of photosynthesis with minimal stomatal conductance and transpiration rates. As a result, they outperformed the control plants in terms of biomass, cob weight and grain yield. This suggests that native maize germplasm could be introduced as novel, less resource-intensive cultivars to sustain global food security.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Ahamadeen Nagoor Mohamed Mubarak
creator: Mohammathu Musthapha Mufeeth Mohammathu
creator: Arachchi Devayalage Nishantha Thissa Kumara
subject: Agricultural Science
subject: Plant Science
subject: Food
subject: Water and Energy Nexus
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15233
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Mubarak et al.
abstract: Maize germplasm has greater latent potential to address the global food and feed crisis because of its high radiation, water and nutrient efficiencies. Photosynthetic and canopy architectural traits in maize are important in determining yield. The present study aimed to screen a subset of local maize accessions in Sri Lanka to evaluate their photosynthetic, biomass and yield related traits and to identify resource efficient germplasm. Experiments were carried out in the Ampara district of Sri Lanka. Eight maize accessions viz; SEU2, SEU6, SEU9, SEU10, SEU14, SEU15, SEU17 and SEU17 and two elite F1 cultivars (cv. Pacific-999 and cv. Bhadra) were analyzed under field conditions. Our results showed that maize genotypes produced a lower leaf area index (LAI) at the third and tenth week after field planting (WAP). However, the LAI was significantly increased in six WAP by Pacific-999, SEU2, SEU9, and SEU15. A similar trend was observed for percentage of light interception at three WAP (47%), six WAP (>64%), and decreased at 10 WAP. In addition, LAI maximum values were between 3.0 and 3.5, allowing 80% of the incident light to be intercepted by maize canopies. The estimated light extinction coefficient (k) remained lower (<0.5), suggesting that maize leaves are eractophilic canopies. Although fractional interception (f) varies, SEU2 and SEU9 had the highest values (0.57), and quantum yields of PSII (>0.73) in dark-adapted leaves. In addition, Pacific-999, SEU2, SEU9, and SEU17 had significantly higher rates of photosynthesis with minimal stomatal conductance and transpiration rates. As a result, they outperformed the control plants in terms of biomass, cob weight and grain yield. This suggests that native maize germplasm could be introduced as novel, less resource-intensive cultivars to sustain global food security.
bibliographic citation: Mubarak et al. (2023) Will future maize improvement programs leverage the canopy light-interception, photosynthetic, and biomass capacities of traditional accessions?. PeerJ 11:e15233 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15233
date submitted: 2022-09-23
date accepted: 2023-03-24
issued: 2023-04-27
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Mubarak
  given name: Ahamadeen Nagoor Mohamed
author list: Agent
  family name: Mufeeth Mohammathu
  given name: Mohammathu Musthapha
author list: Agent
  family name: Kumara
  given name: Arachchi Devayalage Nishantha Thissa
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15233
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-04-27
copyright: © 2023 Mubarak et al.
attribution name: Mubarak et al.

Reference evapotranspiration estimate with missing climatic data and multiple linear regression models
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: The reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is considered one of the primary variables for water resource management, irrigation practices, agricultural and hydro-meteorological studies, and modeling different hydrological processes. Therefore, an accurate prediction of ETo is essential. A large number of empirical methods have been developed by numerous scientists and specialists worldwide to estimate ETo from different climatic variables. The FAO56 Penman-Monteith (PM) is the most accepted and accurate model to estimate ETo in various environments and climatic conditions. However, the FAO56-PM method requires radiation, air temperature, air humidity, and wind speed data. In this study in Adana Plain, which has a Mediterranean climate for the summer growing season, using 22-year daily climatic data, the performance of the FAO56-PM method was evaluated with different combinations of climatic variables when climatic data were missing. Additionally, the performances of Hargreaves-Samani (HS) and HS (A&G) equations were assessed, and multiple linear regression models (MLR) were developed using different combinations of climatic variables. The FAO56-PM method could accurately estimate daily ETo when wind speed (U) and relative humidity (RH) data were unavailable, using the procedures suggested by FAO56 Paper (RMSEs were smaller than 0.4 mm d−1, and percent relative errors (REs) were smaller than 9%). Hargreaves-Samani (A&G) and HS equations could not estimate daily ETo accurately according to the statistical indices (RMSEs = 0.772-0.957 mm d−1; REs (%) = 18.2–22.6; R2 = 0.604–0.686, respectively). On the other hand, MLR models’ performance varied according to a combination of different climatic variables. According to t-stat and p values of independent variables for MLR models, solar radiation (Rs) and sunshine hours (n) variables had more effect on estimating ETo than other variables. Therefore, the models that used Rs and n data estimated daily ETo more accurately than the…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Deniz Levent Koç
creator: Müge Erkan Can
subject: Agricultural Science
subject: Environmental Sciences
subject: Plant Science
subject: Natural Resource Management
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15252
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Koç et al.
abstract: The reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is considered one of the primary variables for water resource management, irrigation practices, agricultural and hydro-meteorological studies, and modeling different hydrological processes. Therefore, an accurate prediction of ETo is essential. A large number of empirical methods have been developed by numerous scientists and specialists worldwide to estimate ETo from different climatic variables. The FAO56 Penman-Monteith (PM) is the most accepted and accurate model to estimate ETo in various environments and climatic conditions. However, the FAO56-PM method requires radiation, air temperature, air humidity, and wind speed data. In this study in Adana Plain, which has a Mediterranean climate for the summer growing season, using 22-year daily climatic data, the performance of the FAO56-PM method was evaluated with different combinations of climatic variables when climatic data were missing. Additionally, the performances of Hargreaves-Samani (HS) and HS (A&G) equations were assessed, and multiple linear regression models (MLR) were developed using different combinations of climatic variables. The FAO56-PM method could accurately estimate daily ETo when wind speed (U) and relative humidity (RH) data were unavailable, using the procedures suggested by FAO56 Paper (RMSEs were smaller than 0.4 mm d−1, and percent relative errors (REs) were smaller than 9%). Hargreaves-Samani (A&G) and HS equations could not estimate daily ETo accurately according to the statistical indices (RMSEs = 0.772-0.957 mm d−1; REs (%) = 18.2–22.6; R2 = 0.604–0.686, respectively). On the other hand, MLR models’ performance varied according to a combination of different climatic variables. According to t-stat and p values of independent variables for MLR models, solar radiation (Rs) and sunshine hours (n) variables had more effect on estimating ETo than other variables. Therefore, the models that used Rs and n data estimated daily ETo more accurately than the…
bibliographic citation: Koç et al. (2023) Reference evapotranspiration estimate with missing climatic data and multiple linear regression models. PeerJ 11:e15252 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15252
date submitted: 2023-01-11
date accepted: 2023-03-28
issued: 2023-04-27
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Koç
  given name: Deniz Levent
author list: Agent
  family name: Erkan Can
  given name: Müge
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15252
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-04-27
copyright: ©2023 Koç et al.
attribution name: Koç et al.

PeerJ
type: Periodical
uri: PeerJ
issn: 2167-8359