PeerJ
type: channel
link: https://peerj.com/articles/
description: Articles published in PeerJ
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
publication name: PeerJ
issn: 2167-8359
items: Kukri snakes Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826 of the Western Palearctic with the resurrection of Contia transcaspica Nikolsky, 1902 (Reptilia, Squamata, Colubridae)
items: Characterization of gut microbiota in adults with coronary atherosclerosis
items: GC-MS-based untargeted metabolic profiling of malignant mesothelioma plasma
items: Hyperoside alleviates doxorubicin-induced myocardial cells apoptosis by inhibiting the apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1/p38 pathway
items: The Zoige pioneer plant Leymus secalinus has different endophytic bacterial community structures to adapt to environmental conditions
items: Major ion compositions, sources and risk assessment of karst stream under the influence of anthropogenic activities, Guizhou Province, Southwest China
items: Effects of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation vs. conventional therapy in the management of carpal tunnel syndrome: a pilot randomized controlled trial
items: Association of lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index with the risk of hypertension among oil workers in Xinjiang, China
items: https://peerj.com/articles/15397
items: A new miniMOS tool kit capable of visualizing single copy insertion in C. elegans

Kukri snakes Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826 of the Western Palearctic with the resurrection of Contia transcaspica Nikolsky, 1902 (Reptilia, Squamata, Colubridae)
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: The kukri snakes of the genus Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826 reach the westernmost limits of their distribution in Middle and Southwest Asia (Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkmenistan), and the Palearctic portions of Pakistan. In this article, we review the systematics and distribution of the two species native to this region, Oligodon arnensis (Shaw, 1802) and Oligodon taeniolatus (Jerdon, 1853) based on an integrative approach combining morphological, molecular, and species distribution modeling (SDM) data. Phylogenetic analyses recover O. taeniolatus populations from Iran and Turkmenistan in a clade with the O. arnensis species complex, rendering the former species paraphyletic relative to O. taeniolatus sensu stricto on the Indian subcontinent. To correct this, we resurrect the name Contia transcaspica Nikolsky, 1902 from the synonymy of O. taeniolatus and assign it to populations in Middle–Southwest Asia. So far, Oligodon transcaspicus comb. et stat. nov. is known only from the Köpet–Dag Mountain Range of northeast Iran and southern Turkmenistan, but SDM mapping suggests it may have a wider range. Genetic samples of O. “arnensis” from northern Pakistan are nested in a clade sister to the recently described Oligodon churahensis Mirza, Bhardwaj & Patel, 2021, and are phylogenetically separate from O. arnensis sensu stricto in south India and Sri Lanka. Based on morphological similarity, the Afghanistan and Pakistan populations are assigned to Oligodon russelius (Daudin, 1803) and we synonymize O. churahensis with this species. Our investigation leads us to remove O. taeniolatus from the snake fauna of Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkmenistan, with the consequence that only Oligodon transcaspicus comb. et stat. nov. and O. russelius are present in these countries. Additional studies are needed to resolve the taxonomy of the O. taeniolatus and O. arnensis species complexes on the Indian subcontinent, and an updated key for both groups is provided.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Justin L. Lee
creator: Platon V. Yushchenko
creator: Konstantin D. Milto
creator: Mahdi Rajabizadeh
creator: Eskandar Rastegar Pouyani
creator: Daniel Jablonski
creator: Rafaqat Masroor
creator: Suranjan Karunarathna
creator: Ashok Kumar Mallik
creator: Princia Dsouza
creator: Nikolai Orlov
creator: Roman Nazarov
creator: Nikolay A. Poyarkov
subject: Biodiversity
subject: Evolutionary Studies
subject: Taxonomy
subject: Zoology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15185
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Lee et al.
abstract: The kukri snakes of the genus Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826 reach the westernmost limits of their distribution in Middle and Southwest Asia (Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkmenistan), and the Palearctic portions of Pakistan. In this article, we review the systematics and distribution of the two species native to this region, Oligodon arnensis (Shaw, 1802) and Oligodon taeniolatus (Jerdon, 1853) based on an integrative approach combining morphological, molecular, and species distribution modeling (SDM) data. Phylogenetic analyses recover O. taeniolatus populations from Iran and Turkmenistan in a clade with the O. arnensis species complex, rendering the former species paraphyletic relative to O. taeniolatus sensu stricto on the Indian subcontinent. To correct this, we resurrect the name Contia transcaspica Nikolsky, 1902 from the synonymy of O. taeniolatus and assign it to populations in Middle–Southwest Asia. So far, Oligodon transcaspicus comb. et stat. nov. is known only from the Köpet–Dag Mountain Range of northeast Iran and southern Turkmenistan, but SDM mapping suggests it may have a wider range. Genetic samples of O. “arnensis” from northern Pakistan are nested in a clade sister to the recently described Oligodon churahensis Mirza, Bhardwaj & Patel, 2021, and are phylogenetically separate from O. arnensis sensu stricto in south India and Sri Lanka. Based on morphological similarity, the Afghanistan and Pakistan populations are assigned to Oligodon russelius (Daudin, 1803) and we synonymize O. churahensis with this species. Our investigation leads us to remove O. taeniolatus from the snake fauna of Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkmenistan, with the consequence that only Oligodon transcaspicus comb. et stat. nov. and O. russelius are present in these countries. Additional studies are needed to resolve the taxonomy of the O. taeniolatus and O. arnensis species complexes on the Indian subcontinent, and an updated key for both groups is provided.
bibliographic citation: Lee et al. (2023) Kukri snakes Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826 of the Western Palearctic with the resurrection of Contia transcaspica Nikolsky, 1902 (Reptilia, Squamata, Colubridae). PeerJ 11:e15185 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15185
date submitted: 2023-01-10
date accepted: 2023-03-15
issued: 2023-05-18
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Lee
  given name: Justin L.
author list: Agent
  family name: Yushchenko
  given name: Platon V.
author list: Agent
  family name: Milto
  given name: Konstantin D.
author list: Agent
  family name: Rajabizadeh
  given name: Mahdi
author list: Agent
  family name: Rastegar Pouyani
  given name: Eskandar
author list: Agent
  family name: Jablonski
  given name: Daniel
author list: Agent
  family name: Masroor
  given name: Rafaqat
author list: Agent
  family name: Karunarathna
  given name: Suranjan
author list: Agent
  family name: Mallik
  given name: Ashok Kumar
author list: Agent
  family name: Dsouza
  given name: Princia
author list: Agent
  family name: Orlov
  given name: Nikolai
author list: Agent
  family name: Nazarov
  given name: Roman
author list: Agent
  family name: Poyarkov
  given name: Nikolay A.
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15185
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-05-18
copyright: © 2023 Lee et al.
attribution name: Lee et al.

Characterization of gut microbiota in adults with coronary atherosclerosis
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Cardiovascular disease, which is mainly caused by coronary atherosclerosis, is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Gut microbiota likely play an important role in coronary atherosclerosis. This study aims to investigate the microbiota profile of adults with coronary atherosclerosis to provide a theoretical basis for future research. Methods Fecal samples were collected from 35 adult patients diagnosed with coronary atherosclerosis and 32 healthy adults in Nanjing, China, and the V3-V4 region of 16S rDNA genes was sequenced using high-throughput sequencing. Differences in alpha diversity, beta diversity, and gut microbiota composition between the two groups were then compared. Results A beta diversity analysis revealed significant differences between adults with coronary atherosclerosis and controls, but there was no statistical difference in alpha diversity between the two groups. There were also differences in the composition of the gut microbiota between the two groups. The genera, Megamonas, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Ruminococcus_torques_group, Prevotella_2, Tyzzerella_4, were identified as potential biomarkers for coronary atherosclerosis. Conclusion There are some differences in the gut microbiota of adults with coronary atherosclerosis compared to healthy adults. The insights from this study could be used to explore microbiome-based mechanisms for coronary atherosclerosis.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Yu Dong
creator: Rui Xu
creator: Xiaowei Chen
creator: Chuanli Yang
creator: Fei Jiang
creator: Yan Shen
creator: Qiong Li
creator: Fujin Fang
creator: Yongjun Li
creator: Xiaobing Shen
subject: Genomics
subject: Cardiology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15245
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Dong et al.
abstract: Background Cardiovascular disease, which is mainly caused by coronary atherosclerosis, is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Gut microbiota likely play an important role in coronary atherosclerosis. This study aims to investigate the microbiota profile of adults with coronary atherosclerosis to provide a theoretical basis for future research. Methods Fecal samples were collected from 35 adult patients diagnosed with coronary atherosclerosis and 32 healthy adults in Nanjing, China, and the V3-V4 region of 16S rDNA genes was sequenced using high-throughput sequencing. Differences in alpha diversity, beta diversity, and gut microbiota composition between the two groups were then compared. Results A beta diversity analysis revealed significant differences between adults with coronary atherosclerosis and controls, but there was no statistical difference in alpha diversity between the two groups. There were also differences in the composition of the gut microbiota between the two groups. The genera, Megamonas, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Ruminococcus_torques_group, Prevotella_2, Tyzzerella_4, were identified as potential biomarkers for coronary atherosclerosis. Conclusion There are some differences in the gut microbiota of adults with coronary atherosclerosis compared to healthy adults. The insights from this study could be used to explore microbiome-based mechanisms for coronary atherosclerosis.
bibliographic citation: Dong et al. (2023) Characterization of gut microbiota in adults with coronary atherosclerosis. PeerJ 11:e15245 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15245
date submitted: 2022-09-26
date accepted: 2023-03-28
issued: 2023-05-18
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Dong
  given name: Yu
author list: Agent
  family name: Xu
  given name: Rui
author list: Agent
  family name: Chen
  given name: Xiaowei
author list: Agent
  family name: Yang
  given name: Chuanli
author list: Agent
  family name: Jiang
  given name: Fei
author list: Agent
  family name: Shen
  given name: Yan
author list: Agent
  family name: Li
  given name: Qiong
author list: Agent
  family name: Fang
  given name: Fujin
author list: Agent
  family name: Li
  given name: Yongjun
author list: Agent
  family name: Shen
  given name: Xiaobing
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15245
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-05-18
copyright: ©2023 Dong et al.
attribution name: Dong et al.

GC-MS-based untargeted metabolic profiling of malignant mesothelioma plasma
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a cancer caused mainly by asbestos exposure, and is aggressive and incurable. This study aimed to identify differential metabolites and metabolic pathways involved in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Methods By using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), this study examined the plasma metabolic profile of human malignant mesothelioma. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses and pathway analyses to identify differential metabolites, enriched metabolism pathways, and potential metabolic targets. The area under the receiver-operating curve (AUC) criterion was used to identify possible plasma biomarkers. Results Using samples from MM (n = 19) and healthy control (n = 22) participants, 20 metabolites were annotated. Seven metabolic pathways were disrupted, involving alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; arginine and proline metabolism; butanoate and histidine metabolism; beta-alanine metabolism; and pentose phosphate metabolic pathway. The AUC was used to identify potential plasma biomarkers. Using a threshold of AUC = 0.9, five metabolites were identified, including xanthurenic acid, (s)-3,4-hydroxybutyric acid, D-arabinose, gluconic acid, and beta-d-glucopyranuronic acid. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a plasma metabolomics analysis using GC-MS analyses of Asian MM patients. Our identification of these metabolic abnormalities is critical for identifying plasma biomarkers in patients with MM. However, additional research using a larger population is needed to validate our findings.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Ding Wang
creator: Jing Zhu
creator: Na Li
creator: Hongyang Lu
creator: Yun Gao
creator: Lei Zhuang
creator: Zhongjian Chen
creator: Weimin Mao
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: Global Health
subject: Oncology
subject: Metabolic Sciences
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15302
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Wang et al.
abstract: Background Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a cancer caused mainly by asbestos exposure, and is aggressive and incurable. This study aimed to identify differential metabolites and metabolic pathways involved in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Methods By using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), this study examined the plasma metabolic profile of human malignant mesothelioma. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses and pathway analyses to identify differential metabolites, enriched metabolism pathways, and potential metabolic targets. The area under the receiver-operating curve (AUC) criterion was used to identify possible plasma biomarkers. Results Using samples from MM (n = 19) and healthy control (n = 22) participants, 20 metabolites were annotated. Seven metabolic pathways were disrupted, involving alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; arginine and proline metabolism; butanoate and histidine metabolism; beta-alanine metabolism; and pentose phosphate metabolic pathway. The AUC was used to identify potential plasma biomarkers. Using a threshold of AUC = 0.9, five metabolites were identified, including xanthurenic acid, (s)-3,4-hydroxybutyric acid, D-arabinose, gluconic acid, and beta-d-glucopyranuronic acid. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a plasma metabolomics analysis using GC-MS analyses of Asian MM patients. Our identification of these metabolic abnormalities is critical for identifying plasma biomarkers in patients with MM. However, additional research using a larger population is needed to validate our findings.
bibliographic citation: Wang et al. (2023) GC-MS-based untargeted metabolic profiling of malignant mesothelioma plasma. PeerJ 11:e15302 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15302
date submitted: 2022-04-28
date accepted: 2023-04-05
issued: 2023-05-18
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Wang
  given name: Ding
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhu
  given name: Jing
author list: Agent
  family name: Li
  given name: Na
author list: Agent
  family name: Lu
  given name: Hongyang
author list: Agent
  family name: Gao
  given name: Yun
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhuang
  given name: Lei
author list: Agent
  family name: Chen
  given name: Zhongjian
author list: Agent
  family name: Mao
  given name: Weimin
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15302
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-05-18
copyright: © 2023 Wang et al.
attribution name: Wang et al.

Hyperoside alleviates doxorubicin-induced myocardial cells apoptosis by inhibiting the apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1/p38 pathway
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Cardiotoxicity is a side effect of the anthracycline broad-spectrum anti-tumor agent, doxorubicin (DOX). Hyperoside, a flavonoid glycoside extracted from many herbs, has anti-apoptotic and anticancer properties. However, its impact on the alleviation of DOX-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes remains elusive. Methods The HL-1 cell line was treated with 100 µ M hyperoside for 1 h prior to treatment with 100 µ M hyperoside and 1 µ M DOX for 24 h. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect cell viability; DCFH-DA fluorescent probe was used to detect (reactive oxygen species) ROS; biochemical methods were used to detect the activity of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA); the degree of apoptosis following DOX insult was assessed using immunofluorescence staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated deoxy uridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay; the change in protein expression of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), p38, and apoptosis markers was determined using western blot. Results Hyperoside ameliorated DOX-induced oxidative stress in HL-1 cells, up-regulated GSH, SOD and CAT activity, reduced ROS production and inhibited MDA overproduction. Moreover, in addition to promoting HL-1 cell apoptosis, DOX administration also increased B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2-associated X-protein and cleaved caspase-3 protein levels and decreased Bcl-2 protein level. Hyperoside therapy, however, significantly reversed the impact of DOX on the cardiomyocytes. Mechanically, DOX treatment increased the phosphorylation of the ASK1/p38 axis whereas hyperoside treatment attenuated those changes. In a further step, hyperoside synergizes with DOX to kill MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusions Hyperoside protects HL-1 cells from DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting the ASK1/p38 signaling pathway. Meanwhile, hyperoside maintained the cytotoxicity of DOX in MDA-MB-231 cells.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Lingxia Chen
creator: Zhi Qin
creator: Zhong-bao Ruan
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cardiology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15315
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Chen et al.
abstract: Background Cardiotoxicity is a side effect of the anthracycline broad-spectrum anti-tumor agent, doxorubicin (DOX). Hyperoside, a flavonoid glycoside extracted from many herbs, has anti-apoptotic and anticancer properties. However, its impact on the alleviation of DOX-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes remains elusive. Methods The HL-1 cell line was treated with 100 µ M hyperoside for 1 h prior to treatment with 100 µ M hyperoside and 1 µ M DOX for 24 h. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect cell viability; DCFH-DA fluorescent probe was used to detect (reactive oxygen species) ROS; biochemical methods were used to detect the activity of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA); the degree of apoptosis following DOX insult was assessed using immunofluorescence staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated deoxy uridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay; the change in protein expression of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), p38, and apoptosis markers was determined using western blot. Results Hyperoside ameliorated DOX-induced oxidative stress in HL-1 cells, up-regulated GSH, SOD and CAT activity, reduced ROS production and inhibited MDA overproduction. Moreover, in addition to promoting HL-1 cell apoptosis, DOX administration also increased B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2-associated X-protein and cleaved caspase-3 protein levels and decreased Bcl-2 protein level. Hyperoside therapy, however, significantly reversed the impact of DOX on the cardiomyocytes. Mechanically, DOX treatment increased the phosphorylation of the ASK1/p38 axis whereas hyperoside treatment attenuated those changes. In a further step, hyperoside synergizes with DOX to kill MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusions Hyperoside protects HL-1 cells from DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting the ASK1/p38 signaling pathway. Meanwhile, hyperoside maintained the cytotoxicity of DOX in MDA-MB-231 cells.
bibliographic citation: Chen et al. (2023) Hyperoside alleviates doxorubicin-induced myocardial cells apoptosis by inhibiting the apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1/p38 pathway. PeerJ 11:e15315 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15315
date submitted: 2022-11-22
date accepted: 2023-04-06
issued: 2023-05-18
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Chen
  given name: Lingxia
author list: Agent
  family name: Qin
  given name: Zhi
author list: Agent
  family name: Ruan
  given name: Zhong-bao
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15315
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-05-18
copyright: ©2023 Chen et al.
attribution name: Chen et al.

The Zoige pioneer plant Leymus secalinus has different endophytic bacterial community structures to adapt to environmental conditions
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Leymus secalinus is a pioneer plant grown in the Zoige desertified alpine grassland and it is also one of the dominant plant species used for environmental remediation. L. secalinus plays a large role in vegetation reconstruction in sandy land, but the abundance and diversity of its endophytes have not yet been investigated. Objectives This study was performed to investigate the changes in the endophytic bacterial community structure of L. secalinus under different ecological environments and to analyze the effects of environmental changes and different plant tissues on the L. secalinus endophytic bacteria. Methods Leaf, stem, and root tissue samples of L. secalinus were collected from Zoige Glassland (Alpine sandy land) and an open field nursery (Control). DNA was extracted and the 16S ribosomal DNA was amplified. The sequence library was sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq platform and clustered by operational taxonomic units (OTUs). α-diversity and β-diversity analyses, species diversity analyses, functional prediction, and redundancy (RDA) analyses for the soil physicochemical properties were conducted. Results α-diversity and β-diversity analyses showed that the endophytic bacteria in L. secalinus varied in different areas and tissues. The abundance of Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium, which is related to nitrogen fixation, increased significantly in the L. secalinus found in the Zoige Grassland. Moreover, the abundance of nutrition metabolism and anti-stress abilities increased in functional prediction in the desert samples. The soil physicochemical properties had an insignificant influence on bacterial diversity. Conclusion The changes in the endophytic bacterial community structure in L. secalinus were significant and were caused by environmental alterations and plant choice. The endophytic bacteria in L. secalinus grown in alpine sandy land may have greater anti-stress properties and the ability to fix nitrogen, which has potential v…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Yue Xia
creator: Ruipeng He
creator: Wanru Xu
creator: Jie Zhang
subject: Ecology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Plant Science
subject: Soil Science
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15363
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Xia et al.
abstract: Background Leymus secalinus is a pioneer plant grown in the Zoige desertified alpine grassland and it is also one of the dominant plant species used for environmental remediation. L. secalinus plays a large role in vegetation reconstruction in sandy land, but the abundance and diversity of its endophytes have not yet been investigated. Objectives This study was performed to investigate the changes in the endophytic bacterial community structure of L. secalinus under different ecological environments and to analyze the effects of environmental changes and different plant tissues on the L. secalinus endophytic bacteria. Methods Leaf, stem, and root tissue samples of L. secalinus were collected from Zoige Glassland (Alpine sandy land) and an open field nursery (Control). DNA was extracted and the 16S ribosomal DNA was amplified. The sequence library was sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq platform and clustered by operational taxonomic units (OTUs). α-diversity and β-diversity analyses, species diversity analyses, functional prediction, and redundancy (RDA) analyses for the soil physicochemical properties were conducted. Results α-diversity and β-diversity analyses showed that the endophytic bacteria in L. secalinus varied in different areas and tissues. The abundance of Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium, which is related to nitrogen fixation, increased significantly in the L. secalinus found in the Zoige Grassland. Moreover, the abundance of nutrition metabolism and anti-stress abilities increased in functional prediction in the desert samples. The soil physicochemical properties had an insignificant influence on bacterial diversity. Conclusion The changes in the endophytic bacterial community structure in L. secalinus were significant and were caused by environmental alterations and plant choice. The endophytic bacteria in L. secalinus grown in alpine sandy land may have greater anti-stress properties and the ability to fix nitrogen, which has potential v…
bibliographic citation: Xia et al. (2023) The Zoige pioneer plant Leymus secalinus has different endophytic bacterial community structures to adapt to environmental conditions. PeerJ 11:e15363 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15363
date submitted: 2022-11-18
date accepted: 2023-04-16
issued: 2023-05-18
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Xia
  given name: Yue
author list: Agent
  family name: He
  given name: Ruipeng
author list: Agent
  family name: Xu
  given name: Wanru
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhang
  given name: Jie
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15363
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-05-18
copyright: ©2023 Xia et al.
attribution name: Xia et al.

Major ion compositions, sources and risk assessment of karst stream under the influence of anthropogenic activities, Guizhou Province, Southwest China
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: To explore the influence of different types of anthropogenic activity on the rivers, we investigate the major ion composition, sources and risk assessment of the karst stream (Youyu stream and Jinzhong stream), which are heavily influenced by mining activities and urban sewage, respectively. The chemical compositions of the Youyu stream water, which is heavily influenced by mining activities, are dominated by Ca2+ and SO42–. However, the chemical compositions of the Jinzhong stream water, which is heavily influenced by urban sewage, are dominated by Ca2+ and HCO3–. The Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3– in Jinzhong stream are mainly derived from rock weathering, while the Youyu stream is affected by acid mine drainage, and sulfuric acid is involved in the weathering process. Ion sources analysis indicates that the Na+, K+, NO3–, and Cl– in the Jinzhong stream mainly derive from urban sewage discharge; but NO3– and Cl– of the Youyu stream mainly derive from agricultural activities, and Na+, K+ are mainly from natural sources. The element ratios analysis indicates the ratio of SO42–/Mg2+ in Youyu stream (4.61) polluted by coal mine is much higher than that in Jinzhong stream (1.29), and the ratio of (Na++K++Cl–)/Mg2+ in Jinzhong stream (1.81) polluted by urban sewage is higher than Youyu stream (0.64). Moreover, the ratios of NO3−/Na+, NO3−/K+, and NO3−/Cl− in the agriculturally polluted Youyu stream were higher than those in the Jinzhong stream. We can identify the impact of human activities on streams by ion ratios (SO42–/Mg2+, (Na++K++Cl–)/Mg2+, NO3−/Na+, NO3−/K+, and NO3−/Cl−). The health risk assessment shows the HQT and HQN for children and adults are higher in Jinzhong stream than in Youyu stream and the total HQ value (HQT) of children was higher than one at J1 in the Jinzhong stream, which shows that children in Jinzhong stream basin are threatened by non-carcinogenic pollutants. Each HQ value of F− and NO3− for children was higher than 0.1 in the tributaries into Aha Lake…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Tianhao Yang
creator: Qixin Wu
creator: Yanling An
creator: Jiemei Lv
subject: Coupled Natural and Human Systems
subject: Aquatic and Marine Chemistry
subject: Environmental Impacts
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15368
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Yang et al.
abstract: To explore the influence of different types of anthropogenic activity on the rivers, we investigate the major ion composition, sources and risk assessment of the karst stream (Youyu stream and Jinzhong stream), which are heavily influenced by mining activities and urban sewage, respectively. The chemical compositions of the Youyu stream water, which is heavily influenced by mining activities, are dominated by Ca2+ and SO42–. However, the chemical compositions of the Jinzhong stream water, which is heavily influenced by urban sewage, are dominated by Ca2+ and HCO3–. The Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3– in Jinzhong stream are mainly derived from rock weathering, while the Youyu stream is affected by acid mine drainage, and sulfuric acid is involved in the weathering process. Ion sources analysis indicates that the Na+, K+, NO3–, and Cl– in the Jinzhong stream mainly derive from urban sewage discharge; but NO3– and Cl– of the Youyu stream mainly derive from agricultural activities, and Na+, K+ are mainly from natural sources. The element ratios analysis indicates the ratio of SO42–/Mg2+ in Youyu stream (4.61) polluted by coal mine is much higher than that in Jinzhong stream (1.29), and the ratio of (Na++K++Cl–)/Mg2+ in Jinzhong stream (1.81) polluted by urban sewage is higher than Youyu stream (0.64). Moreover, the ratios of NO3−/Na+, NO3−/K+, and NO3−/Cl− in the agriculturally polluted Youyu stream were higher than those in the Jinzhong stream. We can identify the impact of human activities on streams by ion ratios (SO42–/Mg2+, (Na++K++Cl–)/Mg2+, NO3−/Na+, NO3−/K+, and NO3−/Cl−). The health risk assessment shows the HQT and HQN for children and adults are higher in Jinzhong stream than in Youyu stream and the total HQ value (HQT) of children was higher than one at J1 in the Jinzhong stream, which shows that children in Jinzhong stream basin are threatened by non-carcinogenic pollutants. Each HQ value of F− and NO3− for children was higher than 0.1 in the tributaries into Aha Lake…
bibliographic citation: Yang et al. (2023) Major ion compositions, sources and risk assessment of karst stream under the influence of anthropogenic activities, Guizhou Province, Southwest China. PeerJ 11:e15368 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15368
date submitted: 2022-12-27
date accepted: 2023-04-17
issued: 2023-05-18
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Yang
  given name: Tianhao
author list: Agent
  family name: Wu
  given name: Qixin
author list: Agent
  family name: An
  given name: Yanling
author list: Agent
  family name: Lv
  given name: Jiemei
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15368
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-05-18
copyright: © 2023 Yang et al.
attribution name: Yang et al.

Effects of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation vs. conventional therapy in the management of carpal tunnel syndrome: a pilot randomized controlled trial
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a prevalent entrapment neuropathy resulting in hand pain, numbness and/or weakness, which significantly impairs hand function in daily activities. Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) is a potential therapeutic option for focal peripheral nerve disease and may be beneficial for CTS treatment. We aimed to compare the effects of rPMS and conventional therapy in the management of CTS. Methods A blinded assessor randomly assigned 24 participants with electrodiagnostically-confirmed mild or moderate CTS to either rPMS or conventional therapy. Both groups were briefed on disease progression and tendon-gliding exercises. In the intervention group, the rPMS protocol, five sessions of rPMS—with a frequency of 10 Hz, 10 pulses/train, and 100 trains/session—were performed over a period of 2 weeks, with three sessions in the first week and two sessions in the second week. At baseline and the end of the second week, the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, pinch strength, and electrodiagnostic results were evaluated. Results The rPMS group demonstrated significantly greater within-group improvement in symptom severity scores (2.3 vs. 1.6, p = 0.009) and pinch strength (10.6 lbs vs. 13.8 lbs, p < 0.001). Regarding electrodiagnostic parameters, sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitude was significantly increased (8.7 µV vs. 14.3 µV, p = 0.002) within the group treated with rPMS. With conventional therapy, there were no statistically significant within-group differences. Multiple linear regression models showed that there were no significant differences in other outcomes in between-group comparisons. Conclusions Five sessions of rPMS resulted in significant reduction in symptom severity, improvement in pinch strength and increase in SNAP amplitude. Future research should investigate the clinical utility of rPMS using a larger sample and longer treatment and follow-up durations.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Arachaphon Panathoop
creator: Jittima Saengsuwan
creator: Ratana Vichiansiri
subject: Anesthesiology and Pain Management
subject: Clinical Trials
subject: Drugs and Devices
subject: Neurology
subject: Rehabilitation
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15398
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Panathoop et al.
abstract: Background Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a prevalent entrapment neuropathy resulting in hand pain, numbness and/or weakness, which significantly impairs hand function in daily activities. Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) is a potential therapeutic option for focal peripheral nerve disease and may be beneficial for CTS treatment. We aimed to compare the effects of rPMS and conventional therapy in the management of CTS. Methods A blinded assessor randomly assigned 24 participants with electrodiagnostically-confirmed mild or moderate CTS to either rPMS or conventional therapy. Both groups were briefed on disease progression and tendon-gliding exercises. In the intervention group, the rPMS protocol, five sessions of rPMS—with a frequency of 10 Hz, 10 pulses/train, and 100 trains/session—were performed over a period of 2 weeks, with three sessions in the first week and two sessions in the second week. At baseline and the end of the second week, the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, pinch strength, and electrodiagnostic results were evaluated. Results The rPMS group demonstrated significantly greater within-group improvement in symptom severity scores (2.3 vs. 1.6, p = 0.009) and pinch strength (10.6 lbs vs. 13.8 lbs, p < 0.001). Regarding electrodiagnostic parameters, sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitude was significantly increased (8.7 µV vs. 14.3 µV, p = 0.002) within the group treated with rPMS. With conventional therapy, there were no statistically significant within-group differences. Multiple linear regression models showed that there were no significant differences in other outcomes in between-group comparisons. Conclusions Five sessions of rPMS resulted in significant reduction in symptom severity, improvement in pinch strength and increase in SNAP amplitude. Future research should investigate the clinical utility of rPMS using a larger sample and longer treatment and follow-up durations.
bibliographic citation: Panathoop et al. (2023) Effects of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation vs. conventional therapy in the management of carpal tunnel syndrome: a pilot randomized controlled trial. PeerJ 11:e15398 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15398
date submitted: 2022-11-16
date accepted: 2023-04-20
issued: 2023-05-18
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Panathoop
  given name: Arachaphon
author list: Agent
  family name: Saengsuwan
  given name: Jittima
author list: Agent
  family name: Vichiansiri
  given name: Ratana
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15398
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-05-18
copyright: © 2023 Panathoop et al.
attribution name: Panathoop et al.

Association of lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index with the risk of hypertension among oil workers in Xinjiang, China
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background To explore the relationship between lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral adiposity index (VAI) and hypertension in oil workers and to evaluate the predictive value of hypertension by gender. Methods A sample of 2,312 workers aged 18–60 years old with more than one year of service were selected by a whole-group random sampling method in six oil field bases in Karamay City, Xinjiang. Logistic regression combined with restricted cubic spline model was used to analyze the risk of hypertension in different LAP and VAI. The receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) with different sex LAP and VAI predicting the risk of hypertension were drawn. Results (1) There were significant differences in age, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, BMI, WC, WHtR, SBP, DBP, TC, TG, HDL, LDL, FPG and Scr among different gender groups (P < 0.001).The prevalence of hypertension was 10.1%, with 13.9% in men and 3.6% in women. The prevalence of hypertension with different individual characteristics was statistically significant (P < 0.05). (2) Lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index were positively associated with hypertension (P < 0.001). The risk of hypertension may increase with the increase of lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index. After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, Scr, FPG and other factors, the risk of hypertension in the fourth quartile was (OR = 5.69, 95% CI [2.72–11.8]) and (OR = 3.56, 95% CI [2.03–6.23]) compared with the first quartile of lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index. (3) ROC results showed: AUC values of 0.658 (95% CI [0.619–0.696]), 0.614 (95% CI [0.574–0.654]), 0.661 (95% CI [0.620–0.703]) and critical values of 43.25, 1.58, 0.13 for LAP, VAI and combined indicators in men; the AUC values of LAP, VAI and combined indicators for women were 0.787 (95% CI [0.710–0.865]), 0.732 (95% CI [0.640–0.825]), 0.792 (95% CI [0.719–0.864]) and the critical values were 35.73, 1.76 and 0.03. Restricted cu…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Guliman Muheiyati
creator: Yujie Mei
creator: Ning Tao
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Public Health
subject: Obesity
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15273
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Muheiyati et al.
abstract: Background To explore the relationship between lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral adiposity index (VAI) and hypertension in oil workers and to evaluate the predictive value of hypertension by gender. Methods A sample of 2,312 workers aged 18–60 years old with more than one year of service were selected by a whole-group random sampling method in six oil field bases in Karamay City, Xinjiang. Logistic regression combined with restricted cubic spline model was used to analyze the risk of hypertension in different LAP and VAI. The receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) with different sex LAP and VAI predicting the risk of hypertension were drawn. Results (1) There were significant differences in age, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, BMI, WC, WHtR, SBP, DBP, TC, TG, HDL, LDL, FPG and Scr among different gender groups (P < 0.001).The prevalence of hypertension was 10.1%, with 13.9% in men and 3.6% in women. The prevalence of hypertension with different individual characteristics was statistically significant (P < 0.05). (2) Lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index were positively associated with hypertension (P < 0.001). The risk of hypertension may increase with the increase of lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index. After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, Scr, FPG and other factors, the risk of hypertension in the fourth quartile was (OR = 5.69, 95% CI [2.72–11.8]) and (OR = 3.56, 95% CI [2.03–6.23]) compared with the first quartile of lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index. (3) ROC results showed: AUC values of 0.658 (95% CI [0.619–0.696]), 0.614 (95% CI [0.574–0.654]), 0.661 (95% CI [0.620–0.703]) and critical values of 43.25, 1.58, 0.13 for LAP, VAI and combined indicators in men; the AUC values of LAP, VAI and combined indicators for women were 0.787 (95% CI [0.710–0.865]), 0.732 (95% CI [0.640–0.825]), 0.792 (95% CI [0.719–0.864]) and the critical values were 35.73, 1.76 and 0.03. Restricted cu…
bibliographic citation: Muheiyati et al. (2023) Association of lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index with the risk of hypertension among oil workers in Xinjiang, China. PeerJ 11:e15273 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15273
date submitted: 2022-11-25
date accepted: 2023-03-30
issued: 2023-05-17
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Muheiyati
  given name: Guliman
author list: Agent
  family name: Mei
  given name: Yujie
author list: Agent
  family name: Tao
  given name: Ning
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15273
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-05-17
copyright: © 2023 Muheiyati et al.
attribution name: Muheiyati et al.

https://peerj.com/articles/15397
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
title: Weight-shifting-based robot control system improves the weight-bearing rate and balance ability of the static standing position in hip osteoarthritis patients: a randomized controlled trial focusing on outcomes after total hip arthroplasty
description: Background After a total hip arthroplasty (THA), standing and walking balance are greatly affected in the early stages of recovery, so it is important to increase the weight-bearing amount (WBA) on the operated side. Sometimes, traditional treatments may not be enough to improve WBA and weight-bearing ratio (WBR) on the operated side in a satisfactory way. To solve this problem, we came up with a new weight-shifting-based robot control system called LOCOBOT. This system can control a spherical robot on a floor by changing the center of pressure (COP) on a force-sensing board in rehabilitation after THA. The goal of this study was to find out how rehabilitation with the LOCOBOT affects the WBR and balance in a static standing position in patients with unilateral hip osteoarthritis (OA) who had a primary uncemented THA. Methods This randomized controlled trial included 20 patients diagnosed with Kellgren–Lawrence (K–L) grade 3 or 4 hip OA on the operative side and K–L grade 0 normal hip on the nonoperative side. We used the minimization method for allocation and randomly assigned patients to either the LOCOBOT group or the control group. As a result, 10 patient seach were randomly assigned to the LOCOBOT and control groups. Both groups received 40 min of rehabilitation treatment. Out of the 40 min, the LOCOBOT group underwent treatment for 10 min with LOCOBOT. The control group performed COP-controlled exercises on a flat floor instead of using LOCOBOT for 10 of the 40 min. All theoutcome measures were performed pre-THA and 11.9 ± 1.6 days after THA (12 days after THA). The primary outcome measure included WBR in the static standing position. Results After12 days of THA, the LOCOBOT group exhibited significantly higher mean WBR and WBA (operated side) values than the control group. Furthermore, the LOCOBOT group exhibited significantly lower mean WBA (non-operated side) and outer diameter area (ODA) values than the control group. From pre-THA to 12 days after THA, the…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Shigeaki Miyazaki
creator: Go Yamako
creator: Hideki Arakawa
creator: Takero Sakamoto
creator: Tsubasa Kawaguchi
creator: Kirari Ito
creator: Etsuo Chosa
subject: Clinical Trials
subject: Drugs and Devices
subject: Geriatrics
subject: Orthopedics
subject: Rheumatology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15397
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Miyazaki et al.
abstract: Background After a total hip arthroplasty (THA), standing and walking balance are greatly affected in the early stages of recovery, so it is important to increase the weight-bearing amount (WBA) on the operated side. Sometimes, traditional treatments may not be enough to improve WBA and weight-bearing ratio (WBR) on the operated side in a satisfactory way. To solve this problem, we came up with a new weight-shifting-based robot control system called LOCOBOT. This system can control a spherical robot on a floor by changing the center of pressure (COP) on a force-sensing board in rehabilitation after THA. The goal of this study was to find out how rehabilitation with the LOCOBOT affects the WBR and balance in a static standing position in patients with unilateral hip osteoarthritis (OA) who had a primary uncemented THA. Methods This randomized controlled trial included 20 patients diagnosed with Kellgren–Lawrence (K–L) grade 3 or 4 hip OA on the operative side and K–L grade 0 normal hip on the nonoperative side. We used the minimization method for allocation and randomly assigned patients to either the LOCOBOT group or the control group. As a result, 10 patient seach were randomly assigned to the LOCOBOT and control groups. Both groups received 40 min of rehabilitation treatment. Out of the 40 min, the LOCOBOT group underwent treatment for 10 min with LOCOBOT. The control group performed COP-controlled exercises on a flat floor instead of using LOCOBOT for 10 of the 40 min. All theoutcome measures were performed pre-THA and 11.9 ± 1.6 days after THA (12 days after THA). The primary outcome measure included WBR in the static standing position. Results After12 days of THA, the LOCOBOT group exhibited significantly higher mean WBR and WBA (operated side) values than the control group. Furthermore, the LOCOBOT group exhibited significantly lower mean WBA (non-operated side) and outer diameter area (ODA) values than the control group. From pre-THA to 12 days after THA, the…
bibliographic citation: Miyazaki et al. (2023) Weight-shifting-based robot control system improves the weight-bearing rate and balance ability of the static standing position in hip osteoarthritis patients: a randomized controlled trial focusing on outcomes after total hip arthroplasty. PeerJ 11:e15397 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15397
date submitted: 2022-12-06
date accepted: 2023-04-20
issued: 2023-05-17
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Miyazaki
  given name: Shigeaki
author list: Agent
  family name: Yamako
  given name: Go
author list: Agent
  family name: Arakawa
  given name: Hideki
author list: Agent
  family name: Sakamoto
  given name: Takero
author list: Agent
  family name: Kawaguchi
  given name: Tsubasa
author list: Agent
  family name: Ito
  given name: Kirari
author list: Agent
  family name: Chosa
  given name: Etsuo
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15397
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-05-17
copyright: ©2023 Miyazaki et al.
attribution name: Miyazaki et al.

A new miniMOS tool kit capable of visualizing single copy insertion in C. elegans
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: The miniMOS technique has been widely used in the C. elegans community to generate single copy insertions. A worm is considered as a potential insertion candidate if it is resistant to G418 antibiotics and does not express a co-injected fluorescence marker. If the expression of the extrachromosomal array is very low, it is possible for a worm to be mistakenly identified as a miniMOS candidate, as this low expression level can still confer resistance to G418 without producing a detectable fluorescence signal from the co-injection marker. This may increase the workload for identifying the insertion locus in the subsequent steps. In the present study, we modified the plasmid platform for miniMOS insertion by incorporating a myo-2 promoter-driven TagRFP or a ubiquitous H2B::GFP expression cassette into the targeting vector and introducing two loxP sites flanking the selection cassettes. Based on this new miniMOS tool kit, the removable fluorescence reporters can be used to visualize the single copy insertions, greatly reducing insertion locus identification efforts. In our experience, this new platform greatly facilitates the isolation of the miniMOS mutants.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Jiangyun Li
creator: Yuang Qin
creator: Chengchen Shen
creator: Jun Zhang
creator: Shasha Tu
creator: Jingxuan Yang
creator: Yu Wang
creator: Ruyun Zhou
creator: Kui Zhang
creator: Jianping Chen
creator: Wenxing Yang
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15433
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Li et al.
abstract: The miniMOS technique has been widely used in the C. elegans community to generate single copy insertions. A worm is considered as a potential insertion candidate if it is resistant to G418 antibiotics and does not express a co-injected fluorescence marker. If the expression of the extrachromosomal array is very low, it is possible for a worm to be mistakenly identified as a miniMOS candidate, as this low expression level can still confer resistance to G418 without producing a detectable fluorescence signal from the co-injection marker. This may increase the workload for identifying the insertion locus in the subsequent steps. In the present study, we modified the plasmid platform for miniMOS insertion by incorporating a myo-2 promoter-driven TagRFP or a ubiquitous H2B::GFP expression cassette into the targeting vector and introducing two loxP sites flanking the selection cassettes. Based on this new miniMOS tool kit, the removable fluorescence reporters can be used to visualize the single copy insertions, greatly reducing insertion locus identification efforts. In our experience, this new platform greatly facilitates the isolation of the miniMOS mutants.
bibliographic citation: Li et al. (2023) A new miniMOS tool kit capable of visualizing single copy insertion in C. elegans. PeerJ 11:e15433 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15433
date submitted: 2022-10-31
date accepted: 2023-04-26
issued: 2023-05-17
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Li
  given name: Jiangyun
author list: Agent
  family name: Qin
  given name: Yuang
author list: Agent
  family name: Shen
  given name: Chengchen
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhang
  given name: Jun
author list: Agent
  family name: Tu
  given name: Shasha
author list: Agent
  family name: Yang
  given name: Jingxuan
author list: Agent
  family name: Wang
  given name: Yu
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhou
  given name: Ruyun
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhang
  given name: Kui
author list: Agent
  family name: Chen
  given name: Jianping
author list: Agent
  family name: Yang
  given name: Wenxing
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15433
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-05-17
copyright: © 2023 Li et al.
attribution name: Li et al.

PeerJ
type: Periodical
uri: PeerJ
issn: 2167-8359