PeerJ
type: channel
link: https://peerj.com/articles/
description: Articles published in PeerJ
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
publication name: PeerJ
issn: 2167-8359
items: Impact of cooling on shaping ability of thermally treated files in canal models with double curvature
items: The hypoxia-associated genes in immune infiltration and treatment options of lung adenocarcinoma
items: Health status of the red-billed tropicbird (Phaethon aethereus) determined by hematology, biochemistry, blood gases, and physical examination
items: Tank fouling community enhances coral microfragment growth
items: Reproductive benefits and reduced investment in parental care behavior associated with reproductive groups of males in Abudefduf troschelii
items: Effects on the yield and fiber quality components of Bt cotton inoculated with Azotobacter chroococcum under elevated CO2
items: Mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes is associated with fibrinogen-to-albumin ratios
items: European citizens’ stance on limiting energy use for climate change mitigation
items: Comparing autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise and velocity-based resistance training on jump performance in college badminton athletes
items: To flea or not to flea: survey of UK companion animal ectoparasiticide usage and activities affecting pathways to the environment

Impact of cooling on shaping ability of thermally treated files in canal models with double curvature
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background This study compared the ability of thermally treated files in shaping simulated canals with double curvature. Fifty-six canals were enlarged to a final size of 25 with ProTaper Next (PTN) or ZenFlex (ZF). Materials Half of the samples were shaped with cooled files (n = 14 each). The amount of removed resin was measured and canal deviation was determined at eight levels. Shaping time and maximum shaping torque values were also recorded. Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and LSD, Kruskal–Wallis, and chi-square tests at a 0.05 significance level. Results Compared to PTN and cooled PTN, ZF and cooled ZF required lesser time to shape the canals. The maximum torques were found comparable between the groups. All the groups generated negligible deviations at every canal level evaluated and maintained the canal geometry. Although not significant, the cooled PTN and ZF files exhibited lesser canal deviations than their counterparts. Conclusion All groups demonstrated similar shaping ability whilst maintaining the original curvature of the canal in simulated canals with double curvature. However, ZF groups were able to shape the canals faster than PTN groups. There was a trend that cooled files made lesser canal deviations compared to their counterparts.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Ahmed Jamleh
creator: Hajar Albanyan
creator: Ali Alaqla
creator: Hamad Alissa
creator: Nawaf Alshetan
creator: Sulaiman Alraffa
creator: Abdulmohsen Alfadley
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Bioengineering
subject: Dentistry
subject: Biomechanics
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15830
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Jamleh et al.
abstract: Background This study compared the ability of thermally treated files in shaping simulated canals with double curvature. Fifty-six canals were enlarged to a final size of 25 with ProTaper Next (PTN) or ZenFlex (ZF). Materials Half of the samples were shaped with cooled files (n = 14 each). The amount of removed resin was measured and canal deviation was determined at eight levels. Shaping time and maximum shaping torque values were also recorded. Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and LSD, Kruskal–Wallis, and chi-square tests at a 0.05 significance level. Results Compared to PTN and cooled PTN, ZF and cooled ZF required lesser time to shape the canals. The maximum torques were found comparable between the groups. All the groups generated negligible deviations at every canal level evaluated and maintained the canal geometry. Although not significant, the cooled PTN and ZF files exhibited lesser canal deviations than their counterparts. Conclusion All groups demonstrated similar shaping ability whilst maintaining the original curvature of the canal in simulated canals with double curvature. However, ZF groups were able to shape the canals faster than PTN groups. There was a trend that cooled files made lesser canal deviations compared to their counterparts.
bibliographic citation: Jamleh et al. (2023) Impact of cooling on shaping ability of thermally treated files in canal models with double curvature. PeerJ 11:e15830 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15830
date submitted: 2023-05-11
date accepted: 2023-07-11
issued: 2023-08-08
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Jamleh
  given name: Ahmed
author list: Agent
  family name: Albanyan
  given name: Hajar
author list: Agent
  family name: Alaqla
  given name: Ali
author list: Agent
  family name: Alissa
  given name: Hamad
author list: Agent
  family name: Alshetan
  given name: Nawaf
author list: Agent
  family name: Alraffa
  given name: Sulaiman
author list: Agent
  family name: Alfadley
  given name: Abdulmohsen
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15830
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-08-08
copyright: ©2023 Jamleh et al.
attribution name: Jamleh et al.

The hypoxia-associated genes in immune infiltration and treatment options of lung adenocarcinoma
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common lung cancer with a poor prognosis under standard chemotherapy. Hypoxia is a crucial factor in the development of solid tumors, and hypoxia-related genes (HRGs) are closely associated with the proliferation of LUAD cells. Methods In this study, LUAD HRGs were screened, and bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation were conducted. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were used to gather LUAD RNA-seq data and accompanying clinical information. LUAD subtypes were identified by unsupervised cluster analysis, and immune infiltration analysis of subtypes was conducted by GSVA and ssGSEA. Cox regression and LASSO regression analyses were used to obtain prognosis-related HRGs. Prognostic analysis was used to evaluate HRGs. Differences in enrichment pathways and immunotherapy were observed between risk groups based on GSEA and the TIDE method. Finally, RT-PCR and in vitro experiments were used to confirm prognosis-related HRG expression in LUAD cells. Results Two hypoxia-associated subtypes of LUAD were distinguished, demonstrating significant differences in prognostic analysis and immunological characteristics between subtypes. A prognostic model based on six HRGs (HK1, PDK3, PFKL, SLC2A1, STC1, and XPNPEP1) was developed for LUAD. HK1, SLC2A1, STC1, and XPNPEP1 were found to be risk factors for LUAD. PDK3 and PFKL were protective factors in LUAD patients. Conclusion This study demonstrates the effect of hypoxia-associated genes on immune infiltration in LUAD and provides options for immunotherapy and therapeutic strategies in LUAD.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Liu Liu
creator: Lina Han
creator: Lei Dong
creator: Zihao He
creator: Kai Gao
creator: Xu Chen
creator: Jin-Cheng Guo
creator: Yi Zhao
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: Immunology
subject: Oncology
subject: Data Mining and Machine Learning
subject: Data Science
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15621
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Liu et al.
abstract: Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common lung cancer with a poor prognosis under standard chemotherapy. Hypoxia is a crucial factor in the development of solid tumors, and hypoxia-related genes (HRGs) are closely associated with the proliferation of LUAD cells. Methods In this study, LUAD HRGs were screened, and bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation were conducted. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were used to gather LUAD RNA-seq data and accompanying clinical information. LUAD subtypes were identified by unsupervised cluster analysis, and immune infiltration analysis of subtypes was conducted by GSVA and ssGSEA. Cox regression and LASSO regression analyses were used to obtain prognosis-related HRGs. Prognostic analysis was used to evaluate HRGs. Differences in enrichment pathways and immunotherapy were observed between risk groups based on GSEA and the TIDE method. Finally, RT-PCR and in vitro experiments were used to confirm prognosis-related HRG expression in LUAD cells. Results Two hypoxia-associated subtypes of LUAD were distinguished, demonstrating significant differences in prognostic analysis and immunological characteristics between subtypes. A prognostic model based on six HRGs (HK1, PDK3, PFKL, SLC2A1, STC1, and XPNPEP1) was developed for LUAD. HK1, SLC2A1, STC1, and XPNPEP1 were found to be risk factors for LUAD. PDK3 and PFKL were protective factors in LUAD patients. Conclusion This study demonstrates the effect of hypoxia-associated genes on immune infiltration in LUAD and provides options for immunotherapy and therapeutic strategies in LUAD.
bibliographic citation: Liu et al. (2023) The hypoxia-associated genes in immune infiltration and treatment options of lung adenocarcinoma. PeerJ 11:e15621 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15621
date submitted: 2023-03-23
date accepted: 2023-06-01
issued: 2023-08-07
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Liu
  given name: Liu
author list: Agent
  family name: Han
  given name: Lina
author list: Agent
  family name: Dong
  given name: Lei
author list: Agent
  family name: He
  given name: Zihao
author list: Agent
  family name: Gao
  given name: Kai
author list: Agent
  family name: Chen
  given name: Xu
author list: Agent
  family name: Guo
  given name: Jin-Cheng
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhao
  given name: Yi
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15621
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-08-07
copyright: ©2023 Liu et al.
attribution name: Liu et al.

Health status of the red-billed tropicbird (Phaethon aethereus) determined by hematology, biochemistry, blood gases, and physical examination
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: The red-billed tropicbird, Phaethon aethereus, is a species of seabird native to the Galápagos archipelago, and widely distributed across the neotropics. General health, blood chemistry, and haematology parameters have not been published for this species. Blood analyses were performed on samples drawn from 51 clinically healthy red-billed tropicbirds captured from their burrows at Islote Pitt on San Cristóbal Island in July, 2016 (21) and Daphne Major Island in June, 2017 (30). In the field, a point of care blood analyser (iSTAT) was used to obtain results for HCO3-, pH, pCO2, pO2, TCO2, iCa, Na, K, Cl, Hb, HCT, anion gap, creatinine, glucose and urea nitrogen. Additionally, a portable Lactate PlusTM analyser was used to measure blood lactate, and blood smears were also created in situ. The blood slides were used to estimate leukocyte counts and 100-cell differentials. Alongside these biochemistry and haematology parameters, average heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature and scaled mass index (calculated from weight and a body measurement) were compared to determine the standard measurements for a healthy individual. The baseline data, and reference intervals reported in this paper are essential to detecting changes in the health of red-billed tropicbirds in the future.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Alice Skehel
creator: Catalina Ulloa
creator: Diane Deresienski
creator: Cristina Regalado
creator: Juan Pablo Muñoz-Pérez
creator: Juan Augusto Garcia
creator: Britta Denise Hardesty
creator: Ronald K. Passingham
creator: Jason Steve Castañeda
creator: Gregory A. Lewbart
creator: Carlos A. Valle
subject: Ecology
subject: Veterinary Medicine
subject: Zoology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15713
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Skehel et al.
abstract: The red-billed tropicbird, Phaethon aethereus, is a species of seabird native to the Galápagos archipelago, and widely distributed across the neotropics. General health, blood chemistry, and haematology parameters have not been published for this species. Blood analyses were performed on samples drawn from 51 clinically healthy red-billed tropicbirds captured from their burrows at Islote Pitt on San Cristóbal Island in July, 2016 (21) and Daphne Major Island in June, 2017 (30). In the field, a point of care blood analyser (iSTAT) was used to obtain results for HCO3-, pH, pCO2, pO2, TCO2, iCa, Na, K, Cl, Hb, HCT, anion gap, creatinine, glucose and urea nitrogen. Additionally, a portable Lactate PlusTM analyser was used to measure blood lactate, and blood smears were also created in situ. The blood slides were used to estimate leukocyte counts and 100-cell differentials. Alongside these biochemistry and haematology parameters, average heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature and scaled mass index (calculated from weight and a body measurement) were compared to determine the standard measurements for a healthy individual. The baseline data, and reference intervals reported in this paper are essential to detecting changes in the health of red-billed tropicbirds in the future.
bibliographic citation: Skehel et al. (2023) Health status of the red-billed tropicbird (Phaethon aethereus) determined by hematology, biochemistry, blood gases, and physical examination. PeerJ 11:e15713 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15713
date submitted: 2022-07-20
date accepted: 2023-06-15
issued: 2023-08-07
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Skehel
  given name: Alice
author list: Agent
  family name: Ulloa
  given name: Catalina
author list: Agent
  family name: Deresienski
  given name: Diane
author list: Agent
  family name: Regalado
  given name: Cristina
author list: Agent
  family name: Muñoz-Pérez
  given name: Juan Pablo
author list: Agent
  family name: Garcia
  given name: Juan Augusto
author list: Agent
  family name: Hardesty
  given name: Britta Denise
author list: Agent
  family name: Passingham
  given name: Ronald K.
author list: Agent
  family name: Castañeda
  given name: Jason Steve
author list: Agent
  family name: Lewbart
  given name: Gregory A.
author list: Agent
  family name: Valle
  given name: Carlos A.
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15713
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-08-07
copyright: ©2023 Skehel et al.
attribution name: Skehel et al.

Tank fouling community enhances coral microfragment growth
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Anthropogenic stressors threaten reefs worldwide and natural in situ coral reproduction may be inadequate to meet this challenge. Land-based culture can provide increased coral growth, especially with microfragments. We tested whether culture methods using different algal fouling communities could improve the growth and health metrics of microfragments of the Hawaiian coral, Porites compressa. Culture method fouling communities were: (1) similar to a reef environment (Mini Reef); (2) clean tanks managed to promote crustose coralline algae (Clean Start); and (3) tanks curated beforehand with poorly-competing algae (Green Film) assessed in winter and summer months. The Green Film method during the winter produced the fastest microfragment mean growth at 28 days until the first row of new polyps developed, and also the highest tank and plate metric health scores. Time efficient, standardized methods for land-based culture designed to maximize growth and production of coral fragments will contribute considerably to the success of large-scale restoration efforts.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Christopher Page
creator: Riley Perry
creator: Claire VA Lager
creator: Jonathan Daly
creator: Jessica Bouwmeester
creator: E. Michael Henley
creator: Mary Hagedorn
subject: Conservation Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Climate Change Biology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15723
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Page et al.
abstract: Anthropogenic stressors threaten reefs worldwide and natural in situ coral reproduction may be inadequate to meet this challenge. Land-based culture can provide increased coral growth, especially with microfragments. We tested whether culture methods using different algal fouling communities could improve the growth and health metrics of microfragments of the Hawaiian coral, Porites compressa. Culture method fouling communities were: (1) similar to a reef environment (Mini Reef); (2) clean tanks managed to promote crustose coralline algae (Clean Start); and (3) tanks curated beforehand with poorly-competing algae (Green Film) assessed in winter and summer months. The Green Film method during the winter produced the fastest microfragment mean growth at 28 days until the first row of new polyps developed, and also the highest tank and plate metric health scores. Time efficient, standardized methods for land-based culture designed to maximize growth and production of coral fragments will contribute considerably to the success of large-scale restoration efforts.
bibliographic citation: Page et al. (2023) Tank fouling community enhances coral microfragment growth. PeerJ 11:e15723 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15723
date submitted: 2022-07-15
date accepted: 2023-06-18
issued: 2023-08-07
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Page
  given name: Christopher
author list: Agent
  family name: Perry
  given name: Riley
author list: Agent
  family name: Lager
  given name: Claire VA
author list: Agent
  family name: Daly
  given name: Jonathan
author list: Agent
  family name: Bouwmeester
  given name: Jessica
author list: Agent
  family name: Henley
  given name: E. Michael
author list: Agent
  family name: Hagedorn
  given name: Mary
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15723
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-08-07
copyright: ©2023 Page et al.
attribution name: Page et al.

Reproductive benefits and reduced investment in parental care behavior associated with reproductive groups of males in Abudefduf troschelii
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Fishes of the family Pomacentridae present a wide diversity of mating systems, ranging from polygyny to promiscuity and from individual territorial defense to the establishment of reproductive colonies of males. The damselfish species Abudefduf troschelii has a reproductive colony mating system, in which males temporarily aggregate in reproductive areas to court and attract females. Males defend an individual territory where they receive eggs and perform paternal care behaviors for their offspring. The present study evaluated the advantages of the colonial mating system in A. troschelii. During an entire reproductive period, in a breeding colony within a rocky reef, we located, marked, geo-referenced, and measured the distances between the territories of all males. We quantified the variance among males in their patterns of paternal care investment, eggs acquired, hatching success, reproductive success, body size, and changes in body coloration. We found that males spatially distributed their nests in groups or independently (i.e., solitary nests). Nesting groups are formed by larger males that show intense nuptial coloration during the entire receptivity period. They are located centrally to the colony and consist of three to six males whose territories overlap. In contrast, small solitary males that fail to acquire or maintain nuptial coloration during the receptivity period establish their nests peripherally to the colony, away from the territories of other males. Our results highlight that the reproductive benefits of colonial nesting are unequal for males, as the spatial distribution of nests within the colony determines the reproductive success of males. Group nesting confers the highest reproductive benefits to males regarding eggs obtained, hatching success, and relative fitness and also enables males to reduce their parental investment in brood care behaviors. The preference of females for oviposition could be associated with greater intrasexual competitive…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Mariana Solís-Mendoza
creator: Omar Chassin-Noria
creator: Carlos Levi Pérez Hernández
creator: Luis Mendoza-Cuenca
subject: Animal Behavior
subject: Aquaculture, Fisheries and Fish Science
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Zoology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15804
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Solís-Mendoza et al.
abstract: Fishes of the family Pomacentridae present a wide diversity of mating systems, ranging from polygyny to promiscuity and from individual territorial defense to the establishment of reproductive colonies of males. The damselfish species Abudefduf troschelii has a reproductive colony mating system, in which males temporarily aggregate in reproductive areas to court and attract females. Males defend an individual territory where they receive eggs and perform paternal care behaviors for their offspring. The present study evaluated the advantages of the colonial mating system in A. troschelii. During an entire reproductive period, in a breeding colony within a rocky reef, we located, marked, geo-referenced, and measured the distances between the territories of all males. We quantified the variance among males in their patterns of paternal care investment, eggs acquired, hatching success, reproductive success, body size, and changes in body coloration. We found that males spatially distributed their nests in groups or independently (i.e., solitary nests). Nesting groups are formed by larger males that show intense nuptial coloration during the entire receptivity period. They are located centrally to the colony and consist of three to six males whose territories overlap. In contrast, small solitary males that fail to acquire or maintain nuptial coloration during the receptivity period establish their nests peripherally to the colony, away from the territories of other males. Our results highlight that the reproductive benefits of colonial nesting are unequal for males, as the spatial distribution of nests within the colony determines the reproductive success of males. Group nesting confers the highest reproductive benefits to males regarding eggs obtained, hatching success, and relative fitness and also enables males to reduce their parental investment in brood care behaviors. The preference of females for oviposition could be associated with greater intrasexual competitive…
bibliographic citation: Solís-Mendoza et al. (2023) Reproductive benefits and reduced investment in parental care behavior associated with reproductive groups of males in Abudefduf troschelii. PeerJ 11:e15804 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15804
date submitted: 2023-01-24
date accepted: 2023-07-07
issued: 2023-08-07
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Solís-Mendoza
  given name: Mariana
author list: Agent
  family name: Chassin-Noria
  given name: Omar
author list: Agent
  family name: Pérez Hernández
  given name: Carlos Levi
author list: Agent
  family name: Mendoza-Cuenca
  given name: Luis
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15804
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-08-07
copyright: ©2023 Solís-Mendoza et al.
attribution name: Solís-Mendoza et al.

Effects on the yield and fiber quality components of Bt cotton inoculated with Azotobacter chroococcum under elevated CO2
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background The raising trend of cultivation of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-transgenic cotton is faced with a new challenge what effects on the growth and yield of Bt cotton under elevated CO2. Methods Rhizobacteria is the significant biological regulator to increase environmental suitability and ameliorate soil-nitrogen utilization efficiency of crops, especially Bt cotton. Pot-culture experiments investigated the effects on the yield and fiber quality components of Bt cotton (transgenic Line SCRC 37) inoculated with Azotobacter chroococcum (AC) under elevated CO2. Results The findings indicated that the inoculation of azotobacter significantly improved the yield and fiber quality components of Bt cotton, the elevated CO2 significantly increased the soil density of A. chroococcum and the partial yield indexes (as cottonweightper 20 bolls, lint yield per 20 bolls and boll number per plant), and non-significant decrease the fiber quality components of Bt cotton except uniform. Discussion Overall results obviously depicted that the inoculation of azotobacter and the elevated CO2 had positive effects on the yield and fiber quality components of Bt cotton. Presumably, azotobacter inoculation can be used to stimulate plant soil-nitrogen uptake and promote plant growth for Bt cotton under elevated CO2 in the future.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Zhuo Li
creator: Min Gao
creator: Rujie Liu
creator: Chunyan Chang
creator: Feng Ge
subject: Agricultural Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: Plant Science
subject: Soil Science
subject: Climate Change Biology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15811
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Li et al.
abstract: Background The raising trend of cultivation of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-transgenic cotton is faced with a new challenge what effects on the growth and yield of Bt cotton under elevated CO2. Methods Rhizobacteria is the significant biological regulator to increase environmental suitability and ameliorate soil-nitrogen utilization efficiency of crops, especially Bt cotton. Pot-culture experiments investigated the effects on the yield and fiber quality components of Bt cotton (transgenic Line SCRC 37) inoculated with Azotobacter chroococcum (AC) under elevated CO2. Results The findings indicated that the inoculation of azotobacter significantly improved the yield and fiber quality components of Bt cotton, the elevated CO2 significantly increased the soil density of A. chroococcum and the partial yield indexes (as cottonweightper 20 bolls, lint yield per 20 bolls and boll number per plant), and non-significant decrease the fiber quality components of Bt cotton except uniform. Discussion Overall results obviously depicted that the inoculation of azotobacter and the elevated CO2 had positive effects on the yield and fiber quality components of Bt cotton. Presumably, azotobacter inoculation can be used to stimulate plant soil-nitrogen uptake and promote plant growth for Bt cotton under elevated CO2 in the future.
bibliographic citation: Li et al. (2023) Effects on the yield and fiber quality components of Bt cotton inoculated with Azotobacter chroococcum under elevated CO2. PeerJ 11:e15811 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15811
date submitted: 2022-11-22
date accepted: 2023-07-07
issued: 2023-08-07
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Li
  given name: Zhuo
author list: Agent
  family name: Gao
  given name: Min
author list: Agent
  family name: Liu
  given name: Rujie
author list: Agent
  family name: Chang
  given name: Chunyan
author list: Agent
  family name: Ge
  given name: Feng
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15811
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-08-07
copyright: © 2023 Li et al.
attribution name: Li et al.

Mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes is associated with fibrinogen-to-albumin ratios
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Cognitive impairment is the main manifestation of diabetes central neuropathy. Currently, there is no effective dementia treatment; early diagnosis and treatment are particularly crucial. Inflammation index fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) has been shown to predict complications of type 2 diabetes (diabetic kidney disease and diabetes-related arteriosclerosis), but its relationship with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is undetermined. In this study, we examined the association between the FAR and mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes. Methods This is a retrospective and cross-sectional study. From January 2022 to December 2022, we have retrieved 328 inpatient medical records for T2D patients hospitalized at the First Hospital of Harbin Medical University from the hospital’s electronic system. Subjects’ cognitive function was assessed and grouped by the MoCA scales. Subjects’ demographic and various laboratory indicators were collected. Using Spearman’s bivariate correlation analysis, the FAR and other clinical variables were analyzed for association strength. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the independent relationship between FAR and MoCA scores. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the independent relationship between FAR and MCI. The capacity of the FAR to detect MCI was carried using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results The included participants’ (n = 328; 61.9% male) mean age was 52.62 ± 10.92 years. MoCA scores and MCI prevalence significantly differed (p < 0.05) between the four subgroups of FAR quartiles. The FAR and the MoCA score were significantly negatively correlated in the entire population (p < 0.05). Based on the multiple linear regression analysis, lnFAR and lnMoCA are significantly correlated (β = −0.449, t = −8.21, p < 0.05, R2 = 0.469). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, FAR and MCI were independently correlated after adjus…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Xinyu Li
creator: Qian Wu
creator: Yanqi Kong
creator: Chong Lu
subject: Cognitive Disorders
subject: Diabetes and Endocrinology
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Hematology
subject: Neurology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15826
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Li et al.
abstract: Background Cognitive impairment is the main manifestation of diabetes central neuropathy. Currently, there is no effective dementia treatment; early diagnosis and treatment are particularly crucial. Inflammation index fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) has been shown to predict complications of type 2 diabetes (diabetic kidney disease and diabetes-related arteriosclerosis), but its relationship with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is undetermined. In this study, we examined the association between the FAR and mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes. Methods This is a retrospective and cross-sectional study. From January 2022 to December 2022, we have retrieved 328 inpatient medical records for T2D patients hospitalized at the First Hospital of Harbin Medical University from the hospital’s electronic system. Subjects’ cognitive function was assessed and grouped by the MoCA scales. Subjects’ demographic and various laboratory indicators were collected. Using Spearman’s bivariate correlation analysis, the FAR and other clinical variables were analyzed for association strength. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the independent relationship between FAR and MoCA scores. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the independent relationship between FAR and MCI. The capacity of the FAR to detect MCI was carried using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results The included participants’ (n = 328; 61.9% male) mean age was 52.62 ± 10.92 years. MoCA scores and MCI prevalence significantly differed (p < 0.05) between the four subgroups of FAR quartiles. The FAR and the MoCA score were significantly negatively correlated in the entire population (p < 0.05). Based on the multiple linear regression analysis, lnFAR and lnMoCA are significantly correlated (β = −0.449, t = −8.21, p < 0.05, R2 = 0.469). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, FAR and MCI were independently correlated after adjus…
bibliographic citation: Li et al. (2023) Mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes is associated with fibrinogen-to-albumin ratios. PeerJ 11:e15826 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15826
date submitted: 2023-05-16
date accepted: 2023-07-10
issued: 2023-08-07
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Li
  given name: Xinyu
author list: Agent
  family name: Wu
  given name: Qian
author list: Agent
  family name: Kong
  given name: Yanqi
author list: Agent
  family name: Lu
  given name: Chong
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15826
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-08-07
copyright: © 2023 Li et al.
attribution name: Li et al.

European citizens’ stance on limiting energy use for climate change mitigation
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Citizens’ attitudes and beliefs towards climate change are decisive in the adoption of mitigating measures. Limiting the use of energy in the context of climate change can be one of the mitigation measures, and therefore, understanding the position of the citizens towards it is important. With this aim, we used data from the 10th European Social Survey to relate the European citizens’ beliefs and attitudes on limiting the use of energy to tackle climate change. We have used variables related to demography and individuals’ perception of society and its policies. Statistical models were successfully fitted to data. Individuals with higher levels of trust in scientists have a higher degree of satisfaction with the national economies, are more worried about climate change and are more capable of assuming self-responsibility in climate change mitigation. These individuals have higher probabilities of believing that climate change mitigation could be achieved by limiting the use of energy. The EU citizens are, however, very skeptical in relation to the probability of many other citizens adopting measures to limit the use of energy.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Fernando Mata
creator: Leonel J. R. Nunes
subject: Climate Change Biology
subject: Environmental Impacts
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15835
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Mata and Nunes
abstract: Citizens’ attitudes and beliefs towards climate change are decisive in the adoption of mitigating measures. Limiting the use of energy in the context of climate change can be one of the mitigation measures, and therefore, understanding the position of the citizens towards it is important. With this aim, we used data from the 10th European Social Survey to relate the European citizens’ beliefs and attitudes on limiting the use of energy to tackle climate change. We have used variables related to demography and individuals’ perception of society and its policies. Statistical models were successfully fitted to data. Individuals with higher levels of trust in scientists have a higher degree of satisfaction with the national economies, are more worried about climate change and are more capable of assuming self-responsibility in climate change mitigation. These individuals have higher probabilities of believing that climate change mitigation could be achieved by limiting the use of energy. The EU citizens are, however, very skeptical in relation to the probability of many other citizens adopting measures to limit the use of energy.
bibliographic citation: Mata et al. (2023) European citizens’ stance on limiting energy use for climate change mitigation. PeerJ 11:e15835 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15835
date submitted: 2023-05-19
date accepted: 2023-07-11
issued: 2023-08-07
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Mata
  given name: Fernando
author list: Agent
  family name: Nunes
  given name: Leonel J. R.
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15835
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-08-07
copyright: © 2023 Mata and Nunes
attribution name: Mata and Nunes

Comparing autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise and velocity-based resistance training on jump performance in college badminton athletes
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Objectives Jumping ability has been identified as a key factor that influences the performance of badminton athletes. Autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE) and velocity-based resistance training (VBRT) are commonly used approaches to enhance muscle strength and have been shown to accurately monitor the development of explosive power to improve jumping ability. This study aims to investigate the effects of APRE and VBRT on badminton athletes’ jumping ability and to provide practical insights into improving their jumping performance during competitions. Methods Upon completing familiarization and pretesting, 18 badminton athletes were included and completed the training intervention (age, 21.4 ± 1.4 years; stature, 170.1 ± 7.3 cm; body mass, 65.9 ± 12 kg); they were randomly divided into the APRE group (n = 9) and VBRT group (n = 9). Jumping performance was assessed during the countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), and drop jump (DJ) via SmartJump, with CMJ ’s and SJ’s jump height, eccentric utilization ratio (EUR), and reactive strength index (RSI). All participants then completed a 4-week in-season resistance training intervention. Results (1) The results of the within-group indicated that only the CMJ (pre: 41.56 ± 7.84 vs post: 43.57 ± 7.85, p < 0.05) of the APRE group had significant differences, whereas the SJ, EUR, and RSI were not significantly different (p > 0.05). (2) The results of the intergroups revealed that all indicators had no significant differences (p > 0.05), but APRE had a moderate effect size on the improvement of the CMJ (η2 = 0.244) and EUR (η2 = 0.068) when compared with VBRT. Conclusions The results showed that, compared to VBRT, APRE can effectively improve the performance of the reactive athletes’ lower limb explosive power in the CMJ in a shorter period of time. The findings indicate that APRE may be useful for coaches seeking to improve the CMJ performance of athletes in the short term.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Zijing Huang
creator: Hongshen Ji
creator: Lunxin Chen
creator: Mingyang Zhang
creator: Jiaxin He
creator: Wenfeng Zhang
creator: Xin Chen
creator: Jian Sun
creator: Junyi Song
creator: Duanying Li
subject: Kinesiology
subject: Sports Medicine
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15877
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Huang et al.
abstract: Objectives Jumping ability has been identified as a key factor that influences the performance of badminton athletes. Autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE) and velocity-based resistance training (VBRT) are commonly used approaches to enhance muscle strength and have been shown to accurately monitor the development of explosive power to improve jumping ability. This study aims to investigate the effects of APRE and VBRT on badminton athletes’ jumping ability and to provide practical insights into improving their jumping performance during competitions. Methods Upon completing familiarization and pretesting, 18 badminton athletes were included and completed the training intervention (age, 21.4 ± 1.4 years; stature, 170.1 ± 7.3 cm; body mass, 65.9 ± 12 kg); they were randomly divided into the APRE group (n = 9) and VBRT group (n = 9). Jumping performance was assessed during the countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), and drop jump (DJ) via SmartJump, with CMJ ’s and SJ’s jump height, eccentric utilization ratio (EUR), and reactive strength index (RSI). All participants then completed a 4-week in-season resistance training intervention. Results (1) The results of the within-group indicated that only the CMJ (pre: 41.56 ± 7.84 vs post: 43.57 ± 7.85, p < 0.05) of the APRE group had significant differences, whereas the SJ, EUR, and RSI were not significantly different (p > 0.05). (2) The results of the intergroups revealed that all indicators had no significant differences (p > 0.05), but APRE had a moderate effect size on the improvement of the CMJ (η2 = 0.244) and EUR (η2 = 0.068) when compared with VBRT. Conclusions The results showed that, compared to VBRT, APRE can effectively improve the performance of the reactive athletes’ lower limb explosive power in the CMJ in a shorter period of time. The findings indicate that APRE may be useful for coaches seeking to improve the CMJ performance of athletes in the short term.
bibliographic citation: Huang et al. (2023) Comparing autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise and velocity-based resistance training on jump performance in college badminton athletes. PeerJ 11:e15877 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15877
date submitted: 2023-03-28
date accepted: 2023-07-18
issued: 2023-08-07
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Huang
  given name: Zijing
author list: Agent
  family name: Ji
  given name: Hongshen
author list: Agent
  family name: Chen
  given name: Lunxin
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhang
  given name: Mingyang
author list: Agent
  family name: He
  given name: Jiaxin
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhang
  given name: Wenfeng
author list: Agent
  family name: Chen
  given name: Xin
author list: Agent
  family name: Sun
  given name: Jian
author list: Agent
  family name: Song
  given name: Junyi
author list: Agent
  family name: Li
  given name: Duanying
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15877
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-08-07
copyright: © 2023 Huang et al.
attribution name: Huang et al.

To flea or not to flea: survey of UK companion animal ectoparasiticide usage and activities affecting pathways to the environment
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Due to the convenience and efficacy of modern ectoparasiticides, routine prophylactic use has become commonplace for dogs and cats. However, the environmental consequences of this large-scale use are not well-understood, and multiple potential pathways for ectoparasiticides to the environment exist. Of particular concern is the potential for topically applied ectoparasiticides to pass to waterways, both down-the-drain via wastewater treatment plants and directly through swimming. In this online cross-sectional survey of 1,009 UK cat and dog owners, we investigated ectoparasiticide usage and the frequency of activities that are likely to result in transfer of the active substance to the environment, with a focus on pathways to waterways. A total of 603 dog owners and 406 cat owners completed the survey. Amongst dog and cat owners, 86.1% and 91.1% had administered an ectoparasiticide treatment to their pet in the preceding 12 months. Imidacloprid was the most frequently administered ectoparasiticide in both cats and dogs, followed by fluralaner in dogs and fipronil in cats. Eighty-four percent of owners who applied topical ectoparasiticides to their dog said they were aware of product warnings regarding swimming and bathing after application. Spot-on treated dogs were reported to swim significantly less frequently than non spot-on treated dogs (p = 0.007); however, 36.2% were reported to swim at least monthly. Similarly, significant differences were found in bathing frequency between spot-on treated and non spot-on treated dogs, with treated dogs less likely to be bathed at frequent (weekly) intervals, however 54.6% were reported to be bathed at least monthly. Washing of bedding was unaffected by ectoparasiticide treatment, and 87.8% of dog owners and 69.1% of cat-owners reported washing their pet’s bedding at least every 3 months, suggesting that residue washoff from bedding may be occurring for most topically treated animals. Results suggest that transfer of ectopar…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Rosemary Perkins
creator: Dave Goulson
subject: Parasitology
subject: Veterinary Medicine
subject: Zoology
subject: Ecotoxicology
subject: Environmental Impacts
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.15561
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2023 Perkins and Goulson
abstract: Due to the convenience and efficacy of modern ectoparasiticides, routine prophylactic use has become commonplace for dogs and cats. However, the environmental consequences of this large-scale use are not well-understood, and multiple potential pathways for ectoparasiticides to the environment exist. Of particular concern is the potential for topically applied ectoparasiticides to pass to waterways, both down-the-drain via wastewater treatment plants and directly through swimming. In this online cross-sectional survey of 1,009 UK cat and dog owners, we investigated ectoparasiticide usage and the frequency of activities that are likely to result in transfer of the active substance to the environment, with a focus on pathways to waterways. A total of 603 dog owners and 406 cat owners completed the survey. Amongst dog and cat owners, 86.1% and 91.1% had administered an ectoparasiticide treatment to their pet in the preceding 12 months. Imidacloprid was the most frequently administered ectoparasiticide in both cats and dogs, followed by fluralaner in dogs and fipronil in cats. Eighty-four percent of owners who applied topical ectoparasiticides to their dog said they were aware of product warnings regarding swimming and bathing after application. Spot-on treated dogs were reported to swim significantly less frequently than non spot-on treated dogs (p = 0.007); however, 36.2% were reported to swim at least monthly. Similarly, significant differences were found in bathing frequency between spot-on treated and non spot-on treated dogs, with treated dogs less likely to be bathed at frequent (weekly) intervals, however 54.6% were reported to be bathed at least monthly. Washing of bedding was unaffected by ectoparasiticide treatment, and 87.8% of dog owners and 69.1% of cat-owners reported washing their pet’s bedding at least every 3 months, suggesting that residue washoff from bedding may be occurring for most topically treated animals. Results suggest that transfer of ectopar…
bibliographic citation: Perkins et al. (2023) To flea or not to flea: survey of UK companion animal ectoparasiticide usage and activities affecting pathways to the environment. PeerJ 11:e15561 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15561
date submitted: 2023-01-30
date accepted: 2023-05-24
issued: 2023-08-04
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Perkins
  given name: Rosemary
author list: Agent
  family name: Goulson
  given name: Dave
doi: 10.7717/peerj.15561
volume: 11
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2023-08-04
copyright: ©2023 Perkins and Goulson
attribution name: Perkins and Goulson

PeerJ
type: Periodical
uri: PeerJ
issn: 2167-8359