PeerJ
type: channel
link: https://peerj.com/articles/
description: Articles published in PeerJ
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
publication name: PeerJ
issn: 2167-8359
items: Genome-wide identification and evolution of the SAP gene family in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and expression analysis under salt and drought stress
items: Are dietary factors associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?
items: Prevalence and metabolic risk factors of chronic kidney disease among a Mexican adult population: a cross-sectional study in primary healthcare medical units
items: Acute effects of voluntary isometric contractions at maximal shortening vs. ballistic stretching on flexibility, strength and jump
items: Low-dose hexavalent chromium induces mitophagy in rat liver via the AMPK-related PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway
items: Stress induced on permanent mandible first molar and space maintainer under normal masticatory forces: a finite element study
items: Curcumin improves atrial fibrillation susceptibility by regulating tsRNA expression in aging mouse atrium
items: Identification of the RRM1 gene family in rice (Oryza sativa) and its response to rice blast
items: Psycho-physio-neurological correlates of qualitative attention, emotion and flow experiences in a close-to-real-life extreme sports situation: low- and high-altitude slackline walking
items: DTDHM: detection of tandem duplications based on hybrid methods using next-generation sequencing data

Genome-wide identification and evolution of the SAP gene family in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and expression analysis under salt and drought stress
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Stress-associated proteins (SAPs) are known to play an important role in plant responses to abiotic stresses. This study systematically identified members of the sunflower SAP gene family using sunflower genome data. The genes of the sunflower SAP gene family were analyzed using bioinformatic methods, and gene expression was assessed through fluorescence quantification (qRT-PCR) under salt and drought stress. A comprehensive analysis was also performed on the number, structure, collinearity, and phylogeny of seven Compositae species and eight other plant SAP gene families. The sunflower genome was found to have 27 SAP genes, distributed across 14 chromosomes. The evolutionary analysis revealed that the SAP family genes could be divided into three subgroups. Notably, the annuus variety exhibited amplification of the SAP gene for Group 3. Among the Compositae species, C. morifolium demonstrated the highest number of collinearity gene pairs and the closest distance on the phylogenetic tree, suggesting relative conservation in the evolutionary process. An analysis of gene structure revealed that Group 1 exhibited the most complex gene structure, while the majority of HaSAP genes in Group 2 and Group 3 lacked introns. The promoter analysis revealed the presence of cis-acting elements related to ABA, indicating their involvement in stress responses. The expression analysis indicated the potential involvement of 10 genes (HaSAP1, HaSAP3, HaSAP8, HaSAP10, HaSAP15, HaSAP16, HaSAP21, HaSAP22, HaSAP23, and HaSAP26) in sunflower salt tolerance. The expression of these 10 genes were then examined under salt and drought stress using qRT-PCR, and the tissue-specific expression patterns of these 10 genes were also analyzed. HaSAP1, HaSAP21, and HaSAP23 exhibited consistent expression patterns under both salt and drought stress, indicating these genes play a role in both salt tolerance and drought resistance in sunflower. The findings of this study highlight the significant contribu…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Chun Zhang
creator: Xiaohong Zhang
creator: Yue Wu
creator: Xiang Li
creator: Chao Du
creator: Na Di
creator: Yang Chen
subject: Agricultural Science
subject: Genomics
subject: Plant Science
subject: Soil Science
subject: Biomechanics
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.17808
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2024 Zhang et al.
abstract: Stress-associated proteins (SAPs) are known to play an important role in plant responses to abiotic stresses. This study systematically identified members of the sunflower SAP gene family using sunflower genome data. The genes of the sunflower SAP gene family were analyzed using bioinformatic methods, and gene expression was assessed through fluorescence quantification (qRT-PCR) under salt and drought stress. A comprehensive analysis was also performed on the number, structure, collinearity, and phylogeny of seven Compositae species and eight other plant SAP gene families. The sunflower genome was found to have 27 SAP genes, distributed across 14 chromosomes. The evolutionary analysis revealed that the SAP family genes could be divided into three subgroups. Notably, the annuus variety exhibited amplification of the SAP gene for Group 3. Among the Compositae species, C. morifolium demonstrated the highest number of collinearity gene pairs and the closest distance on the phylogenetic tree, suggesting relative conservation in the evolutionary process. An analysis of gene structure revealed that Group 1 exhibited the most complex gene structure, while the majority of HaSAP genes in Group 2 and Group 3 lacked introns. The promoter analysis revealed the presence of cis-acting elements related to ABA, indicating their involvement in stress responses. The expression analysis indicated the potential involvement of 10 genes (HaSAP1, HaSAP3, HaSAP8, HaSAP10, HaSAP15, HaSAP16, HaSAP21, HaSAP22, HaSAP23, and HaSAP26) in sunflower salt tolerance. The expression of these 10 genes were then examined under salt and drought stress using qRT-PCR, and the tissue-specific expression patterns of these 10 genes were also analyzed. HaSAP1, HaSAP21, and HaSAP23 exhibited consistent expression patterns under both salt and drought stress, indicating these genes play a role in both salt tolerance and drought resistance in sunflower. The findings of this study highlight the significant contribu…
bibliographic citation: Zhang et al. (2024) Genome-wide identification and evolution of the SAP gene family in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and expression analysis under salt and drought stress. PeerJ 12:e17808 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17808
date submitted: 2024-03-12
date accepted: 2024-07-03
issued: 2024-07-30
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhang
  given name: Chun
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhang
  given name: Xiaohong
author list: Agent
  family name: Wu
  given name: Yue
author list: Agent
  family name: Li
  given name: Xiang
author list: Agent
  family name: Du
  given name: Chao
author list: Agent
  family name: Di
  given name: Na
author list: Agent
  family name: Chen
  given name: Yang
doi: 10.7717/peerj.17808
volume: 12
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2024-07-30
copyright: © 2024 Zhang et al.
attribution name: Zhang et al.

Are dietary factors associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is intricately linked with dietary patterns and metabolic homeostasis. Therefore, the present study focused to investigate the relation between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors related to fatty liver in NAFLD patients. Methods This cross-sectional study included 117 individuals whose body mass index (BMI) threshold of 25 or above diagnosed with NAFLD by magnetic resonance imaging. The hospital database was used to review the patients’ medical records such as lipid parameters, and fasting blood sugar. Anthropometric measurements and body composition were measured by researchers. Likewise, data from 24-h dietary recalls of individuals were collected to analyze their energy and nutrient intakes besides calculating dietary insulin index (DII), dietary insulin load (DIL), dietary glycemic index (DGI), and dietary glycemic load (DGL). Results Participants consuming diets with distinct levels of DII, DIL, DGI, and DGL exhibited variations in dietary energy and nutrient intake. Specifically, differences were noted in carbohydrate intake across quartiles of DII, DIL, DGI, and DGL, while fructose consumption showed variability in DGL quartiles (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, sucrose intake demonstrated distinctions in both DII and DGL quartiles (p ≤ 0.05). No statistical difference was found in biochemical parameters and the fatty liver index among different levels of DII, DIL, DGI, and DGL (p > 0.05). After adjusting for potential confounders, participants with a higher DGI had four times greater odds of developing metabolic syndrome compared to those in the bottom quartile (OR, 4.32; 95% CI [1.42–13.11]). Conclusion This study provides initial evidence of the intricate association between dietary factors and NAFLD, emphasizing the necessity for further research including prospective designs with larger sample sizes, to garner additional insights.
format: application/pdf
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creator: Gulsum Gizem Topal
creator: Sumeyra Sevim
creator: Damla Gumus
creator: Hatice Yasemin Balaban
creator: Muşturay Karçaaltıncaba
creator: Mevlude Kizil
subject: Gastroenterology and Hepatology
subject: Nutrition
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.17810
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2024 Topal et al.
abstract: Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is intricately linked with dietary patterns and metabolic homeostasis. Therefore, the present study focused to investigate the relation between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors related to fatty liver in NAFLD patients. Methods This cross-sectional study included 117 individuals whose body mass index (BMI) threshold of 25 or above diagnosed with NAFLD by magnetic resonance imaging. The hospital database was used to review the patients’ medical records such as lipid parameters, and fasting blood sugar. Anthropometric measurements and body composition were measured by researchers. Likewise, data from 24-h dietary recalls of individuals were collected to analyze their energy and nutrient intakes besides calculating dietary insulin index (DII), dietary insulin load (DIL), dietary glycemic index (DGI), and dietary glycemic load (DGL). Results Participants consuming diets with distinct levels of DII, DIL, DGI, and DGL exhibited variations in dietary energy and nutrient intake. Specifically, differences were noted in carbohydrate intake across quartiles of DII, DIL, DGI, and DGL, while fructose consumption showed variability in DGL quartiles (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, sucrose intake demonstrated distinctions in both DII and DGL quartiles (p ≤ 0.05). No statistical difference was found in biochemical parameters and the fatty liver index among different levels of DII, DIL, DGI, and DGL (p > 0.05). After adjusting for potential confounders, participants with a higher DGI had four times greater odds of developing metabolic syndrome compared to those in the bottom quartile (OR, 4.32; 95% CI [1.42–13.11]). Conclusion This study provides initial evidence of the intricate association between dietary factors and NAFLD, emphasizing the necessity for further research including prospective designs with larger sample sizes, to garner additional insights.
bibliographic citation: Topal et al. (2024) Are dietary factors associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?. PeerJ 12:e17810 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17810
date submitted: 2024-03-28
date accepted: 2024-07-03
issued: 2024-07-30
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Topal
  given name: Gulsum Gizem
author list: Agent
  family name: Sevim
  given name: Sumeyra
author list: Agent
  family name: Gumus
  given name: Damla
author list: Agent
  family name: Balaban
  given name: Hatice Yasemin
author list: Agent
  family name: Karçaaltıncaba
  given name: Muşturay
author list: Agent
  family name: Kizil
  given name: Mevlude
doi: 10.7717/peerj.17810
volume: 12
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2024-07-30
copyright: © 2024 Topal et al.
attribution name: Topal et al.

Prevalence and metabolic risk factors of chronic kidney disease among a Mexican adult population: a cross-sectional study in primary healthcare medical units
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Introduction The intricate relationship between obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression underscores a significant public health challenge. Obesity is strongly linked to the onset of several health conditions, including arterial hypertension (AHTN), metabolic syndrome, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia. Understanding the connection between CKD and obesity is crucial for addressing their complex interplay in public health strategies. Objective This research aimed to determine the prevalence of CKD in a population with high obesity rates and evaluate the associated metabolic risk factors. Material and Methods In this cross-sectional study conducted from January 2017 to December 2019 we included 3,901 participants of both sexes aged ≥20 years who were selected from primary healthcare medical units of the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) in Michoacan, Mexico. We measured the participants’ weight, height, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glucose, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-c, LDL-c, and uric acid. We estimated the glomerular filtration rate using the Collaborative Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology (CKD-EPI) equation. Results Among the population studied, 50.6% were women and 49.4% were men, with a mean age of 49 years (range: 23–90). The prevalence of CKD was 21.9%. Factors significantly associated with an increased risk of CKD included age ≥60 years (OR = 11.70, 95% CI [9.83–15.93]), overweight (OR = 4.19, 95% CI [2.88–6.11]), obesity (OR = 13.31, 95% CI [11.12–15.93]), abdominal obesity (OR = 9.25, 95% CI [7.13–11.99]), AHTN (OR = 20.63, 95% CI [17.02–25.02]), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (OR = 2.73, 95% CI [2.31–3.23]), type 2 diabetes (T2D) (OR = 14.30, 95% CI [11.14–18.37]), total cholesterol (TC) ≥200 mg/dL (OR = 6.04, 95% CI [5.11–7.14]), triglycerides (TG) ≥150 mg/dL (OR = 5.63, 95% CI 4.76-6.66), HDL-c <40 mg/dL (OR = 4.458, 95% CI [3.74–5.31]), LDL-c ≥130 mg/dL (OR = 6.06, 95% CI [5.12–7.18]), and ser…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Alfonso R. Alvarez Paredes
creator: Anel Gómez García
creator: Martha Angélica Alvarez Paredes
creator: Nely Velázquez
creator: Diana Cindy Ojeda Bolaños
creator: Miriam Sarai Padilla Sandoval
creator: Juan M. Gallardo
creator: Gerardo Muñoz Cortés
creator: Seydhel Cristina Reyes Granados
creator: Mario Felipe Rodríguez Morán
creator: Joaquin Tripp
creator: Arturo Lopez Pineda
creator: Cleto Alvarez Aguilar
subject: Diabetes and Endocrinology
subject: Epidemiology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.17817
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2024 Alvarez Paredes et al.
abstract: Introduction The intricate relationship between obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression underscores a significant public health challenge. Obesity is strongly linked to the onset of several health conditions, including arterial hypertension (AHTN), metabolic syndrome, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia. Understanding the connection between CKD and obesity is crucial for addressing their complex interplay in public health strategies. Objective This research aimed to determine the prevalence of CKD in a population with high obesity rates and evaluate the associated metabolic risk factors. Material and Methods In this cross-sectional study conducted from January 2017 to December 2019 we included 3,901 participants of both sexes aged ≥20 years who were selected from primary healthcare medical units of the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) in Michoacan, Mexico. We measured the participants’ weight, height, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glucose, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-c, LDL-c, and uric acid. We estimated the glomerular filtration rate using the Collaborative Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology (CKD-EPI) equation. Results Among the population studied, 50.6% were women and 49.4% were men, with a mean age of 49 years (range: 23–90). The prevalence of CKD was 21.9%. Factors significantly associated with an increased risk of CKD included age ≥60 years (OR = 11.70, 95% CI [9.83–15.93]), overweight (OR = 4.19, 95% CI [2.88–6.11]), obesity (OR = 13.31, 95% CI [11.12–15.93]), abdominal obesity (OR = 9.25, 95% CI [7.13–11.99]), AHTN (OR = 20.63, 95% CI [17.02–25.02]), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (OR = 2.73, 95% CI [2.31–3.23]), type 2 diabetes (T2D) (OR = 14.30, 95% CI [11.14–18.37]), total cholesterol (TC) ≥200 mg/dL (OR = 6.04, 95% CI [5.11–7.14]), triglycerides (TG) ≥150 mg/dL (OR = 5.63, 95% CI 4.76-6.66), HDL-c <40 mg/dL (OR = 4.458, 95% CI [3.74–5.31]), LDL-c ≥130 mg/dL (OR = 6.06, 95% CI [5.12–7.18]), and ser…
bibliographic citation: Alvarez Paredes et al. (2024) Prevalence and metabolic risk factors of chronic kidney disease among a Mexican adult population: a cross-sectional study in primary healthcare medical units. PeerJ 12:e17817 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17817
date submitted: 2024-03-20
date accepted: 2024-07-04
issued: 2024-07-30
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Alvarez Paredes
  given name: Alfonso R.
author list: Agent
  family name: Gómez García
  given name: Anel
author list: Agent
  family name: Alvarez Paredes
  given name: Martha Angélica
author list: Agent
  family name: Velázquez
  given name: Nely
author list: Agent
  family name: Ojeda Bolaños
  given name: Diana Cindy
author list: Agent
  family name: Padilla Sandoval
  given name: Miriam Sarai
author list: Agent
  family name: Gallardo
  given name: Juan M.
author list: Agent
  family name: Muñoz Cortés
  given name: Gerardo
author list: Agent
  family name: Reyes Granados
  given name: Seydhel Cristina
author list: Agent
  family name: Rodríguez Morán
  given name: Mario Felipe
author list: Agent
  family name: Tripp
  given name: Joaquin
author list: Agent
  family name: Lopez Pineda
  given name: Arturo
author list: Agent
  family name: Alvarez Aguilar
  given name: Cleto
doi: 10.7717/peerj.17817
volume: 12
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2024-07-30
copyright: ©2024 Alvarez Paredes et al.
attribution name: Alvarez Paredes et al.

Acute effects of voluntary isometric contractions at maximal shortening vs. ballistic stretching on flexibility, strength and jump
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Isometric training is used in sport, conventional physical activity and rehabilitation. Understandably, there is a great deal of research related to its effect on performance. It is known that the length of the muscle at the moment of contraction is a determinant of strength levels. In the literature we find research on isometric training in short muscle lengths, although it has not been studied in maximally shortened positions or the acute effects that occur after its application. Ballistic stretching (BS) is also popular in sport. Their execution involves actively reaching maximally shortened muscle positions. So far, isometric training has not been compared with protocols involving ballistic stretching. Considering the above, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of BS and voluntary isometric contraction at maximal shortening (VICAMS) on range of motion, strength and vertical jump. Methods The study involved 60 healthy, physically active individuals (40 and 52 years old) who were randomly assigned to three groups: BS, VICAMS and a control group (CG). To assess acute effects, before and after the intervention, active range of motion (AROM), maximal voluntary isometric force (MVIF) and countermovement jump height (CMJ) were determined. Results Time main effects and time*group interactions were found for all variables (p < 0.001). Between-group differences were shown for the VICAMS group after the intervention, with statistically significant higher AROM values compared to the other groups. MVIF values were also higher in the VICAMS group. Intra-group differences were observed for the VICAMS and Ballistic groups, as values on all variables increased from baseline. For the CMJ, intra-group differences showed that both the VICAMS and BS groups improved values compared to baseline values. Conclusions The application of VICAMS induced acute improvements over BS in AROM, MVIF and CMJ. These results are important for coaches seeking immedia…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: J. Artemi Hernández-Trujillo
creator: María Dolores González-Rivera
creator: Natalia Romero-Franco
creator: Jorge M. González-Hernández
subject: Anatomy and Physiology
subject: Kinesiology
subject: Biomechanics
subject: Sports Injury
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.17819
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2024 Hernández Trujillo et al.
abstract: Background Isometric training is used in sport, conventional physical activity and rehabilitation. Understandably, there is a great deal of research related to its effect on performance. It is known that the length of the muscle at the moment of contraction is a determinant of strength levels. In the literature we find research on isometric training in short muscle lengths, although it has not been studied in maximally shortened positions or the acute effects that occur after its application. Ballistic stretching (BS) is also popular in sport. Their execution involves actively reaching maximally shortened muscle positions. So far, isometric training has not been compared with protocols involving ballistic stretching. Considering the above, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of BS and voluntary isometric contraction at maximal shortening (VICAMS) on range of motion, strength and vertical jump. Methods The study involved 60 healthy, physically active individuals (40 and 52 years old) who were randomly assigned to three groups: BS, VICAMS and a control group (CG). To assess acute effects, before and after the intervention, active range of motion (AROM), maximal voluntary isometric force (MVIF) and countermovement jump height (CMJ) were determined. Results Time main effects and time*group interactions were found for all variables (p < 0.001). Between-group differences were shown for the VICAMS group after the intervention, with statistically significant higher AROM values compared to the other groups. MVIF values were also higher in the VICAMS group. Intra-group differences were observed for the VICAMS and Ballistic groups, as values on all variables increased from baseline. For the CMJ, intra-group differences showed that both the VICAMS and BS groups improved values compared to baseline values. Conclusions The application of VICAMS induced acute improvements over BS in AROM, MVIF and CMJ. These results are important for coaches seeking immedia…
bibliographic citation: Hernández-Trujillo et al. (2024) Acute effects of voluntary isometric contractions at maximal shortening vs. ballistic stretching on flexibility, strength and jump. PeerJ 12:e17819 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17819
date submitted: 2024-03-21
date accepted: 2024-07-05
issued: 2024-07-30
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
author list: Agent
  family name: Hernández-Trujillo
  given name: J. Artemi
author list: Agent
  family name: González-Rivera
  given name: María Dolores
author list: Agent
  family name: Romero-Franco
  given name: Natalia
author list: Agent
  family name: González-Hernández
  given name: Jorge M.
doi: 10.7717/peerj.17819
volume: 12
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2024-07-30
copyright: © 2024 Hernández-Trujillo et al.
attribution name: Hernández Trujillo et al.

Low-dose hexavalent chromium induces mitophagy in rat liver via the AMPK-related PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a hazardous metallic compound commonly used in industrial processes. The liver, responsible for metabolism and detoxification, is the main target organ of Cr(VI). Toxicity experiments were performed to investigate the impacts of low-dose exposure to Cr(VI) on rat livers. It was revealed that exposure of 0.05 mg/kg potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) and 0.25 mg/kg K2Cr2O7 notably increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and the expressions of P-AMPK, P-ULK, PINK1, P-Parkin, and LC3II/LC3I, and significantly reduced SOD activity and P-mTOR and P62 expression levels in liver. Electron microscopy showed that CR(VI) exposure significantly increased mitophagy and the destruction of mitochondrial structure. This study simulates the respiratory exposure mode of CR(VI) workers through intratracheal instillation of CR(VI) in rats. It confirms that autophagy in hepatocytes is induced by low concentrations of CR(VI) and suggest that the liver damage caused by CR(VI) may be associated with the AMPK-related PINK/Parkin signaling pathway.
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creator: Ningning Li
creator: Xiaoying Li
creator: Xiuzhi Zhang
creator: Lixia Zhang
creator: Hui Wu
creator: Yue Yu
creator: Guang Jia
creator: Shanfa Yu
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Toxicology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.17837
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2024 Li et al.
abstract: Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a hazardous metallic compound commonly used in industrial processes. The liver, responsible for metabolism and detoxification, is the main target organ of Cr(VI). Toxicity experiments were performed to investigate the impacts of low-dose exposure to Cr(VI) on rat livers. It was revealed that exposure of 0.05 mg/kg potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) and 0.25 mg/kg K2Cr2O7 notably increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and the expressions of P-AMPK, P-ULK, PINK1, P-Parkin, and LC3II/LC3I, and significantly reduced SOD activity and P-mTOR and P62 expression levels in liver. Electron microscopy showed that CR(VI) exposure significantly increased mitophagy and the destruction of mitochondrial structure. This study simulates the respiratory exposure mode of CR(VI) workers through intratracheal instillation of CR(VI) in rats. It confirms that autophagy in hepatocytes is induced by low concentrations of CR(VI) and suggest that the liver damage caused by CR(VI) may be associated with the AMPK-related PINK/Parkin signaling pathway.
bibliographic citation: Li et al. (2024) Low-dose hexavalent chromium induces mitophagy in rat liver via the AMPK-related PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway. PeerJ 12:e17837 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17837
date submitted: 2024-02-22
date accepted: 2024-07-09
issued: 2024-07-30
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Li
  given name: Ningning
author list: Agent
  family name: Li
  given name: Xiaoying
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhang
  given name: Xiuzhi
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhang
  given name: Lixia
author list: Agent
  family name: Wu
  given name: Hui
author list: Agent
  family name: Yu
  given name: Yue
author list: Agent
  family name: Jia
  given name: Guang
author list: Agent
  family name: Yu
  given name: Shanfa
doi: 10.7717/peerj.17837
volume: 12
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2024-07-30
copyright: ©2024 Li et al.
attribution name: Li et al.

Stress induced on permanent mandible first molar and space maintainer under normal masticatory forces: a finite element study
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background The band and loop space maintainer is used to maintain the missing space of deciduous molars which are lost early. When the second deciduous molar is lost prematurely, the stress on the first permanent molar during different degrees of development may vary when it is the abutment. The design and use of the space maintainer may also lead to damage of the loop. The purpose of this article is to use the finite element method to study the stress on the first permanent molar and the loop with or without occlusal contact, with the first permanent molar of four different degrees of development serving as the abutment. We aimed to guide the clinical design and use of the space maintainer. Methods We developed finite element models of the mandibular first permanent molar and the band and loop space maintainer, and simulated alveolar bone, periodontal ligament (PDL), enamel and dentin. The four developmental stages were 1/2 (I), 2/3 (II), 3/4 (III) and full development (IV). Ansys Workbench was used to analyze the effects of root development and occlusal contact between the loop and the opposite jaw on abutment teeth and the loop. Abutment teeth were statically loaded vertically and obliquely with a force of 70 N. The loop was statically loaded vertically with a force of 14 N. The stress on all structures and the displacement trends of the loop were calculated. Results The stress on enamel, dentin, PDL and alveolar bone were similar, and the concentration was consistent. But if there was occlusal contact, the loop produced maximum displacement at the near middle edge of contact with the anterior teeth. When the loop was in occlusal contact with the opposing occlusal tooth, the peak value of the equivalent stress on the space maintainer under vertical load was: group I > group IV > group III > group II, and the maximum principal stress peak change was: group I > group III > group II > group IV. The change of the equivalent stress peak value of the loop under oblique…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Hui Shi
creator: Fang Fang Kang
creator: Qian Liu
subject: Bioengineering
subject: Dentistry
subject: Radiology and Medical Imaging
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.17456
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2024 Shi et al.
abstract: Background The band and loop space maintainer is used to maintain the missing space of deciduous molars which are lost early. When the second deciduous molar is lost prematurely, the stress on the first permanent molar during different degrees of development may vary when it is the abutment. The design and use of the space maintainer may also lead to damage of the loop. The purpose of this article is to use the finite element method to study the stress on the first permanent molar and the loop with or without occlusal contact, with the first permanent molar of four different degrees of development serving as the abutment. We aimed to guide the clinical design and use of the space maintainer. Methods We developed finite element models of the mandibular first permanent molar and the band and loop space maintainer, and simulated alveolar bone, periodontal ligament (PDL), enamel and dentin. The four developmental stages were 1/2 (I), 2/3 (II), 3/4 (III) and full development (IV). Ansys Workbench was used to analyze the effects of root development and occlusal contact between the loop and the opposite jaw on abutment teeth and the loop. Abutment teeth were statically loaded vertically and obliquely with a force of 70 N. The loop was statically loaded vertically with a force of 14 N. The stress on all structures and the displacement trends of the loop were calculated. Results The stress on enamel, dentin, PDL and alveolar bone were similar, and the concentration was consistent. But if there was occlusal contact, the loop produced maximum displacement at the near middle edge of contact with the anterior teeth. When the loop was in occlusal contact with the opposing occlusal tooth, the peak value of the equivalent stress on the space maintainer under vertical load was: group I > group IV > group III > group II, and the maximum principal stress peak change was: group I > group III > group II > group IV. The change of the equivalent stress peak value of the loop under oblique…
bibliographic citation: Shi et al. (2024) Stress induced on permanent mandible first molar and space maintainer under normal masticatory forces: a finite element study. PeerJ 12:e17456 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17456
date submitted: 2024-01-12
date accepted: 2024-05-03
issued: 2024-07-26
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Shi
  given name: Hui
author list: Agent
  family name: Kang
  given name: Fang Fang
author list: Agent
  family name: Liu
  given name: Qian
doi: 10.7717/peerj.17456
volume: 12
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2024-07-26
copyright: © 2024 Shi et al.
attribution name: Shi et al.

Curcumin improves atrial fibrillation susceptibility by regulating tsRNA expression in aging mouse atrium
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Age is an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF), and curcumin can delay aging related disease through reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. However, its target in aging-related AF remains unclear. Transfer RNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA) is a novel short non-coding RNA (sncRNA), and exerts a potential regulatory function in aging. This study was to explore the therapeutic targets of curcumin in atrium of aged mice by PANDORA-seq. Aged mice (18 month) were treated with curcumin (100 mg/kg). Rapid transjugular atrial pacing was performed to observe AF inducibility. SA-β-gal staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection and qRT-PCR were used to assess the degree of aging and oxidative stress/inflammation levels. PANDORA-seq was performed to reveal the differentially expressed sncRNAs in the atrium of mice. The results showed that curcumin reduced the susceptibility AF of aged mice by improving aging-related atrial fibrosis. Compared to young mice (5 month) group, aged mice yielded 473 significantly altered tsRNA sequences, while 947 tsRNA sequences were significantly altered after treated with curcumin. Enrichment analysis revealed that the target genes were mainly related to DNA damage and protein modification. Compared with the 5 month group, the expression levels of mature-mt_tRNA-Val-TAC_CCA_end, mature-mt_tRNA-Glu-TTC_CCA_end, and mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC_CCA_end were up-regulated in the 18 month group, while the expression of mature-mt_tRNA-Thr-TGT_5_end was down-regulated. This trend was reversed in the 18 month + curcumin group. Increased cellular ROS levels, inflammation expression and senescence in aged mice atrium were improved by the down-regulation of mature-mt_tRNA-Val-TAC_CCA_end. In conclusion, our findings identified mature-mt_tRNA-Val-TAC_CCA_end participated in the mechanism of aging-related atrial fibrosis, providing new intervention target of aging-related AF.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Xueshan Luo
creator: Panyue Liu
creator: Xingdong Ye
creator: Jintao He
creator: Yingyu Lai
creator: Yidong Lv
creator: Xiongbin Wu
creator: Yang Liu
creator: Qianhuan Zhang
creator: Hui Yang
creator: Wei Wei
creator: Chunyu Deng
creator: Sujuan Kuang
creator: Shulin Wu
creator: Yumei Xue
creator: Fang Rao
subject: Cardiology
subject: Geriatrics
subject: Internal Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.17495
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2024 Luo et al.
abstract: Age is an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF), and curcumin can delay aging related disease through reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. However, its target in aging-related AF remains unclear. Transfer RNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA) is a novel short non-coding RNA (sncRNA), and exerts a potential regulatory function in aging. This study was to explore the therapeutic targets of curcumin in atrium of aged mice by PANDORA-seq. Aged mice (18 month) were treated with curcumin (100 mg/kg). Rapid transjugular atrial pacing was performed to observe AF inducibility. SA-β-gal staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection and qRT-PCR were used to assess the degree of aging and oxidative stress/inflammation levels. PANDORA-seq was performed to reveal the differentially expressed sncRNAs in the atrium of mice. The results showed that curcumin reduced the susceptibility AF of aged mice by improving aging-related atrial fibrosis. Compared to young mice (5 month) group, aged mice yielded 473 significantly altered tsRNA sequences, while 947 tsRNA sequences were significantly altered after treated with curcumin. Enrichment analysis revealed that the target genes were mainly related to DNA damage and protein modification. Compared with the 5 month group, the expression levels of mature-mt_tRNA-Val-TAC_CCA_end, mature-mt_tRNA-Glu-TTC_CCA_end, and mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC_CCA_end were up-regulated in the 18 month group, while the expression of mature-mt_tRNA-Thr-TGT_5_end was down-regulated. This trend was reversed in the 18 month + curcumin group. Increased cellular ROS levels, inflammation expression and senescence in aged mice atrium were improved by the down-regulation of mature-mt_tRNA-Val-TAC_CCA_end. In conclusion, our findings identified mature-mt_tRNA-Val-TAC_CCA_end participated in the mechanism of aging-related atrial fibrosis, providing new intervention target of aging-related AF.
bibliographic citation: Luo et al. (2024) Curcumin improves atrial fibrillation susceptibility by regulating tsRNA expression in aging mouse atrium. PeerJ 12:e17495 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17495
date submitted: 2023-06-29
date accepted: 2024-05-09
issued: 2024-07-26
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Luo
  given name: Xueshan
author list: Agent
  family name: Liu
  given name: Panyue
author list: Agent
  family name: Ye
  given name: Xingdong
author list: Agent
  family name: He
  given name: Jintao
author list: Agent
  family name: Lai
  given name: Yingyu
author list: Agent
  family name: Lv
  given name: Yidong
author list: Agent
  family name: Wu
  given name: Xiongbin
author list: Agent
  family name: Liu
  given name: Yang
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhang
  given name: Qianhuan
author list: Agent
  family name: Yang
  given name: Hui
author list: Agent
  family name: Wei
  given name: Wei
author list: Agent
  family name: Deng
  given name: Chunyu
author list: Agent
  family name: Kuang
  given name: Sujuan
author list: Agent
  family name: Wu
  given name: Shulin
author list: Agent
  family name: Xue
  given name: Yumei
author list: Agent
  family name: Rao
  given name: Fang
doi: 10.7717/peerj.17495
volume: 12
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2024-07-26
copyright: © 2024 Luo et al.
attribution name: Luo et al.

Identification of the RRM1 gene family in rice (Oryza sativa) and its response to rice blast
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: To better understand RNA-binding proteins in rice, a comprehensive investigation was conducted on the RRM1 gene family of rice. It encompassed genome-wide identification and exploration of its role in rice blast resistance. The physicochemical properties of the rice OsRRM1 gene family were analyzed. There genes were also analyzed for their conserved domains, motifs, location information, gene structure, phylogenetic trees, collinearity, and cis-acting elements. Furthermore, alterations in the expression patterns of selected OsRRM1 genes were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). A total of 212 members of the OsRRM1 gene family were identified, which were dispersed across 12 chromosomes. These genes all exhibit multiple exons and introns, all of which encompass the conserved RRM1 domain and share analogous motifs. This observation suggests a high degree of conservation within the encoded sequence domain of these genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of five subfamilies within the OsRRM1 gene family. Furthermore, investigation of the promoter region identified cis-regulatory elements that are involved in nucleic acid binding and interaction with multiple transcription factors. By employing GO and KEGG analyses, four RRM1 genes were tentatively identified as crucial contributors to plant immunity, while the RRM1 gene family was also found to have a significant involvement in the complex of alternative splicing. The qRT-PCR results revealed distinct temporal changes in the expression patterns of OsRRM1 genes following rice blast infection. Additionally, gene expression analysis indicates that the majority of OsRRM1 genes exhibited constitutive expressions. These findings enrich our understanding of the OsRRM1 gene family. They also provide a foundation for further research on immune mechanisms rice and the management of rice blast.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Xinlei Jiang
creator: Shangwei Yu
creator: Yuhan Huang
creator: Junying Huang
creator: Shaochun Liu
creator: Dewei Yang
creator: Junru Fu
creator: Haohua He
creator: Haihui Fu
subject: Agricultural Science
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: Genomics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Plant Science
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.17668
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2024 Jiang et al.
abstract: To better understand RNA-binding proteins in rice, a comprehensive investigation was conducted on the RRM1 gene family of rice. It encompassed genome-wide identification and exploration of its role in rice blast resistance. The physicochemical properties of the rice OsRRM1 gene family were analyzed. There genes were also analyzed for their conserved domains, motifs, location information, gene structure, phylogenetic trees, collinearity, and cis-acting elements. Furthermore, alterations in the expression patterns of selected OsRRM1 genes were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). A total of 212 members of the OsRRM1 gene family were identified, which were dispersed across 12 chromosomes. These genes all exhibit multiple exons and introns, all of which encompass the conserved RRM1 domain and share analogous motifs. This observation suggests a high degree of conservation within the encoded sequence domain of these genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of five subfamilies within the OsRRM1 gene family. Furthermore, investigation of the promoter region identified cis-regulatory elements that are involved in nucleic acid binding and interaction with multiple transcription factors. By employing GO and KEGG analyses, four RRM1 genes were tentatively identified as crucial contributors to plant immunity, while the RRM1 gene family was also found to have a significant involvement in the complex of alternative splicing. The qRT-PCR results revealed distinct temporal changes in the expression patterns of OsRRM1 genes following rice blast infection. Additionally, gene expression analysis indicates that the majority of OsRRM1 genes exhibited constitutive expressions. These findings enrich our understanding of the OsRRM1 gene family. They also provide a foundation for further research on immune mechanisms rice and the management of rice blast.
bibliographic citation: Jiang et al. (2024) Identification of the RRM1 gene family in rice (Oryza sativa) and its response to rice blast. PeerJ 12:e17668 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17668
date submitted: 2023-10-30
date accepted: 2024-06-11
issued: 2024-07-26
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
author list: Agent
  family name: Jiang
  given name: Xinlei
author list: Agent
  family name: Yu
  given name: Shangwei
author list: Agent
  family name: Huang
  given name: Yuhan
author list: Agent
  family name: Huang
  given name: Junying
author list: Agent
  family name: Liu
  given name: Shaochun
author list: Agent
  family name: Yang
  given name: Dewei
author list: Agent
  family name: Fu
  given name: Junru
author list: Agent
  family name: He
  given name: Haohua
author list: Agent
  family name: Fu
  given name: Haihui
doi: 10.7717/peerj.17668
volume: 12
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2024-07-26
copyright: © 2024 Jiang et al.
attribution name: Jiang et al.

Psycho-physio-neurological correlates of qualitative attention, emotion and flow experiences in a close-to-real-life extreme sports situation: low- and high-altitude slackline walking
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: It has been indicated that extreme sport activities result in a highly rewarding experience, despite also providing fear, stress and anxiety. Studies have related this experience to the concept of flow, a positive feeling that individuals undergo when they are completely immersed in an activity. However, little is known about the exact nature of these experiences, and, there are still no empirical results to characterize the brain dynamics during extreme sport practice. This work aimed at investigating changes in psychological responses while recording physiological (heart rate–HR, and breathing rate–BR) and neural (electroencephalographic–EEG) data of eight volunteers, during outdoors slackline walking in a mountainous environment at two different altitude conditions (1 m–low-walk– and 45 m–high-walk–from the ground). Low-walk showed a higher score on flow scale, while high-walk displayed a higher score in the negative affect aspects, which together point to some level of flow restriction during high-walk. The order of task performance was shown to be relevant for the physiological and neural variables. The brain behavior during flow, mainly considering attention networks, displayed the stimulus-driven ventral attention network–VAN, regionally prevailing (mainly at the frontal lobe), over the goal-directed dorsal attention network–DAN. Therefore, we suggest an interpretation of flow experiences as an opened attention to more changing details in the surroundings, i.e., configured as a ‘task-constantly-opened-to-subtle-information experience’, rather than a ‘task-focused experience’.
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Marcelo Felipe de Sampaio Barros
creator: Carlos Alberto Stefano Filho
creator: Lucas Toffoli de Menezes
creator: Fernando Manuel Araújo-Moreira
creator: Luis Carlos Trevelin
creator: Rafael Pimentel Maia
creator: Rémi Radel
creator: Gabriela Castellano
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Sports Medicine
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.17743
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2024 de Sampaio Barros et al.
abstract: It has been indicated that extreme sport activities result in a highly rewarding experience, despite also providing fear, stress and anxiety. Studies have related this experience to the concept of flow, a positive feeling that individuals undergo when they are completely immersed in an activity. However, little is known about the exact nature of these experiences, and, there are still no empirical results to characterize the brain dynamics during extreme sport practice. This work aimed at investigating changes in psychological responses while recording physiological (heart rate–HR, and breathing rate–BR) and neural (electroencephalographic–EEG) data of eight volunteers, during outdoors slackline walking in a mountainous environment at two different altitude conditions (1 m–low-walk– and 45 m–high-walk–from the ground). Low-walk showed a higher score on flow scale, while high-walk displayed a higher score in the negative affect aspects, which together point to some level of flow restriction during high-walk. The order of task performance was shown to be relevant for the physiological and neural variables. The brain behavior during flow, mainly considering attention networks, displayed the stimulus-driven ventral attention network–VAN, regionally prevailing (mainly at the frontal lobe), over the goal-directed dorsal attention network–DAN. Therefore, we suggest an interpretation of flow experiences as an opened attention to more changing details in the surroundings, i.e., configured as a ‘task-constantly-opened-to-subtle-information experience’, rather than a ‘task-focused experience’.
bibliographic citation: de Sampaio Barros et al. (2024) Psycho-physio-neurological correlates of qualitative attention, emotion and flow experiences in a close-to-real-life extreme sports situation: low- and high-altitude slackline walking. PeerJ 12:e17743 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17743
date submitted: 2024-01-19
date accepted: 2024-06-24
issued: 2024-07-26
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: de Sampaio Barros
  given name: Marcelo Felipe
author list: Agent
  family name: Stefano Filho
  given name: Carlos Alberto
author list: Agent
  family name: Menezes
  given name: Lucas Toffoli de
author list: Agent
  family name: Araújo-Moreira
  given name: Fernando Manuel
author list: Agent
  family name: Trevelin
  given name: Luis Carlos
author list: Agent
  family name: Pimentel Maia
  given name: Rafael
author list: Agent
  family name: Radel
  given name: Rémi
author list: Agent
  family name: Castellano
  given name: Gabriela
doi: 10.7717/peerj.17743
volume: 12
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2024-07-26
copyright: © 2024 de Sampaio Barros et al.
attribution name: de Sampaio Barros et al.

DTDHM: detection of tandem duplications based on hybrid methods using next-generation sequencing data
type: item
type: AcademicArticle
description: Background Tandem duplication (TD) is a common and important type of structural variation in the human genome. TDs have been shown to play an essential role in many diseases, including cancer. However, it is difficult to accurately detect TDs due to the uneven distribution of reads and the inherent complexity of next-generation sequencing (NGS) data. Methods This article proposes a method called DTDHM (detection of tandem duplications based on hybrid methods), which utilizes NGS data to detect TDs in a single sample. DTDHM builds a pipeline that integrates read depth (RD), split read (SR), and paired-end mapping (PEM) signals. To solve the problem of uneven distribution of normal and abnormal samples, DTDHM uses the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm for multi-feature classification prediction. Then, the qualified split reads and discordant reads are extracted and analyzed to achieve accurate localization of variation sites. This article compares DTDHM with three other methods on 450 simulated datasets and five real datasets. Results In 450 simulated data samples, DTDHM consistently maintained the highest F1-score. The average F1-score of DTDHM, SVIM, TARDIS, and TIDDIT were 80.0%, 56.2%, 43.4%, and 67.1%, respectively. The F1-score of DTDHM had a small variation range and its detection effect was the most stable and 1.2 times that of the suboptimal method. Most of the boundary biases of DTDHM fluctuated around 20 bp, and its boundary deviation detection ability was better than TARDIS and TIDDIT. In real data experiments, five real sequencing samples (NA19238, NA19239, NA19240, HG00266, and NA12891) were used to test DTDHM. The results showed that DTDHM had the highest overlap density score (ODS) and F1-score of the four methods. Conclusions Compared with the other three methods, DTDHM achieved excellent results in terms of sensitivity, precision, F1-score, and boundary bias. These results indicate that DTDHM can be used as a reliable tool for detecting TDs from NGS…
format: application/pdf
format: text/html
creator: Tianting Yuan
creator: Jinxin Dong
creator: Baoxian Jia
creator: Hua Jiang
creator: Zuyao Zhao
creator: Mengjiao Zhou
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: Computational Biology
subject: Computational Science
subject: Data Mining and Machine Learning
description: doi:10.7717/peerj.17748
publisher: PeerJ Inc.
rights: © 2024 Yuan et al.
abstract: Background Tandem duplication (TD) is a common and important type of structural variation in the human genome. TDs have been shown to play an essential role in many diseases, including cancer. However, it is difficult to accurately detect TDs due to the uneven distribution of reads and the inherent complexity of next-generation sequencing (NGS) data. Methods This article proposes a method called DTDHM (detection of tandem duplications based on hybrid methods), which utilizes NGS data to detect TDs in a single sample. DTDHM builds a pipeline that integrates read depth (RD), split read (SR), and paired-end mapping (PEM) signals. To solve the problem of uneven distribution of normal and abnormal samples, DTDHM uses the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm for multi-feature classification prediction. Then, the qualified split reads and discordant reads are extracted and analyzed to achieve accurate localization of variation sites. This article compares DTDHM with three other methods on 450 simulated datasets and five real datasets. Results In 450 simulated data samples, DTDHM consistently maintained the highest F1-score. The average F1-score of DTDHM, SVIM, TARDIS, and TIDDIT were 80.0%, 56.2%, 43.4%, and 67.1%, respectively. The F1-score of DTDHM had a small variation range and its detection effect was the most stable and 1.2 times that of the suboptimal method. Most of the boundary biases of DTDHM fluctuated around 20 bp, and its boundary deviation detection ability was better than TARDIS and TIDDIT. In real data experiments, five real sequencing samples (NA19238, NA19239, NA19240, HG00266, and NA12891) were used to test DTDHM. The results showed that DTDHM had the highest overlap density score (ODS) and F1-score of the four methods. Conclusions Compared with the other three methods, DTDHM achieved excellent results in terms of sensitivity, precision, F1-score, and boundary bias. These results indicate that DTDHM can be used as a reliable tool for detecting TDs from NGS…
bibliographic citation: Yuan et al. (2024) DTDHM: detection of tandem duplications based on hybrid methods using next-generation sequencing data. PeerJ 12:e17748 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17748
date submitted: 2024-01-19
date accepted: 2024-06-24
issued: 2024-07-26
is part of: PeerJ
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
author list: Agent
  family name: Yuan
  given name: Tianting
author list: Agent
  family name: Dong
  given name: Jinxin
author list: Agent
  family name: Jia
  given name: Baoxian
author list: Agent
  family name: Jiang
  given name: Hua
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhao
  given name: Zuyao
author list: Agent
  family name: Zhou
  given name: Mengjiao
doi: 10.7717/peerj.17748
volume: 12
issn: 2167-8359
publication name: PeerJ
publication date: 2024-07-26
copyright: © 2024 Yuan et al.
attribution name: Yuan et al.

PeerJ
type: Periodical
uri: PeerJ
issn: 2167-8359