{"text_format":"3","workbook":"xlsx","n_sheets":3,"sheets":["RAW_Test_Passage_Analysis","MAN_TEST_Passage_Analysis","Human Evaluation"],"read":"whole","date_system":"1900"}

{"sheet":"RAW_Test_Passage_Analysis","index":0,"n_rows":675,"n_cols":43,"rows_kept":675,"merged":[[0,0,0,1],[0,14,0,16],[1,2,1,7],[1,12,1,19],[2,2,2,7],[11,2,11,7],[12,13,12,15],[12,17,12,19],[12,21,12,23],[23,19,23,35],[24,2,24,5],[24,6,24,9],[24,10,24,13],[24,14,24,17]]}
["RAW TESTS",{"$nulls":13},"Paraphrased"]
["R1,R2 and R3 are random Paraphrase Test sets.",null,"Overall Results",{"$nulls":9},"[R1+R2+R3]",{"$nulls":8},"[ORG]",{"$nulls":3},"[QREL]"]
["ORG is the original CAsT Turn Baseline.",null,"RAW",{"$nulls":6},"Statistics:",{"$nulls":3},"SCORED Passages:",{"$nulls":3},"NEW #N/A Passages:",{"$nulls":3},"ORG Passages:",{"$nulls":3},"Full QREL file:"]
["#N/A are passages not included in original QREL file.",null,null,"Before new QREL addition","R1","R2","R3","ORG",null,"# of Topics",null,25,null,"Total Passages:",1872,null,null,"QREL Additon:",{"$nulls":3},"Original QREL:"]
["New #N/A passages are scored according to CAsT guidelines.",null,null,"NDCG@3",{"v":0.3678,"d":"0.368"},{"v":0.3881,"d":"0.388"},{"v":0.3861,"d":"0.386"},{"v":0.4802,"d":"0.480"},null,"# of Turns:",null,216,null,"#N/A [no score]",446,{"v":0.23824786324786323,"d":"24%"},"new!","Total [Duplicate]",446,null,null,"Total",624,null,null,"Original QREL:"]
[{"$nulls":3},"Recall@1000",{"v":0.4726,"d":"0.473"},{"v":0.5279,"d":"0.528"},{"v":0.5279,"d":"0.528"},{"v":0.5875,"d":"0.588"},null,"# of Assesed Turns",null,208,null,"Total Scored:",1426,{"v":0.7617521367521367,"d":"76%"},null,"Total [unique] ",393,{"v":0.8811659192825112,"d":"88%"},null,"#N/A [no score]",10,{"v":0.016025641025641024,"d":"2%"},null,"Total",40451]
[{"$nulls":3},"Map",{"v":0.2189,"d":"0.219"},{"v":0.2359,"d":"0.236"},0.236,{"v":0.3085,"d":"0.309"},{"$nulls":5},"0 -not relevant",513,{"v":0.3597475455820477,"d":"36%"},null,"0 -not relevant",317,{"v":0.806615776081425,"d":"81%"},null,"0 -not relevant",240,{"v":0.38461538461538464,"d":"38%"},9,"0 -not relevant",33781,{"v":0.8351091443969246,"d":"84%"}]
[{"$nulls":3},"After new QREL addition",{"$nulls":9},"1- Slightly meets",213,{"v":0.14936886395511922,"d":"15%"},null,"1- Slightly meets",57,{"v":0.1450381679389313,"d":"15%"},null,"1- Slightly meets",81,{"v":0.12980769230769232,"d":"13%"},0,"1- Slightly meets",2697,{"v":0.06667325900472176,"d":"7%"}]
[{"$nulls":3},"NDCG@3",{"v":0.3885,"d":"0.389"},{"v":0.3996,"d":"0.400"},{"v":0.4003,"d":"0.400"},{"v":0.4755,"d":"0.476"},{"$nulls":5},"2- Moderately meets",214,{"v":0.15007012622720897,"d":"15%"},null,"2- Moderately meets",32,{"v":0.08142493638676845,"d":"8%"},null,"2- Moderately meets",74,{"v":0.11858974358974358,"d":"12%"},1,"2- Moderately meets",1834,{"v":0.04533880497391906,"d":"5%"}]
[{"$nulls":3},"Recall@1000",{"v":0.4714,"d":"0.471"},{"v":0.5253,"d":"0.525"},{"v":0.5253,"d":"0.525"},{"v":0.5787,"d":"0.579"},{"$nulls":5},"3- highly meets",278,{"v":0.1949509116409537,"d":"19%"},null,"3- highly meets",33,{"v":0.08396946564885496,"d":"8%"},null,"3- highly meets",115,{"v":0.1842948717948718,"d":"18%"},0,"3- highly meets",1408,{"v":0.03480754493090406,"d":"3%"}]
[{"$nulls":3},"Map",{"v":0.2235,"d":"0.224"},{"v":0.2401,"d":"0.240"},{"v":0.2413,"d":"0.241"},{"v":0.3056,"d":"0.306"},{"$nulls":5},"4-Fully meets",208,{"v":0.1458625525946704,"d":"15%"},null,"4-Fully meets",16,{"v":0.04071246819338423,"d":"4%"},null,"4-Fully meets",104,{"v":0.16666666666666666,"d":"17%"},0,"4-Fully meets",731,{"v":0.018071246693530444,"d":"2%"}]
[]
[{"$nulls":13},"R1",{"$nulls":3},"R2",{"$nulls":3},"R3"]
[{"$nulls":13},"Total Passages:",624,null,null,"Total Passages:",624,null,null,"Total Passages:",624]
[{"$nulls":13},"#N/A [no score]",162,{"v":0.25961538461538464,"d":"26%"},null,"#N/A [no score]",156,{"v":0.25,"d":"25%"},null,"#N/A [no score]",128,{"v":0.20512820512820512,"d":"21%"},null,"Average #N/A",{"v":0.2382478632478632,"d":"24%"}]
[{"$nulls":13},"Total Scored:",462,{"v":0.7403846153846154,"d":"74%"},"#N/A Scores","Total Scored:",468,{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"#N/A Scores","Total Scored:",496,{"v":0.7948717948717948,"d":"79%"},"#N/A Scores","Average Scored",{"v":0.7617521367521367,"d":"76%"}]
[{"$nulls":13},"0 -not relevant",173,{"v":0.27724358974358976,"d":"28%"},{"v":0.7345679012345679,"d":"73%"},"0 -not relevant",158,{"v":0.2532051282051282,"d":"25%"},{"v":0.7564102564102564,"d":"76%"},"0 -not relevant",182,{"v":0.2916666666666667,"d":"29%"},{"v":0.625,"d":"63%"}]
[{"$nulls":13},"1- Slightly meets",73,{"v":0.11698717948717949,"d":"12%"},{"v":0.08641975308641975,"d":"9%"},"1- Slightly meets",67,{"v":0.10737179487179487,"d":"11%"},{"v":0.14743589743589744,"d":"15%"},"1- Slightly meets",73,{"v":0.11698717948717949,"d":"12%"},{"v":0.15625,"d":"16%"}]
[{"$nulls":13},"2- Moderately meets",64,{"v":0.10256410256410256,"d":"10%"},{"v":0.07407407407407407,"d":"7%"},"2- Moderately meets",76,{"v":0.12179487179487179,"d":"12%"},{"v":0.057692307692307696,"d":"6%"},"2- Moderately meets",74,{"v":0.11858974358974358,"d":"12%"},{"v":0.0859375,"d":"9%"}]
[{"$nulls":13},"3- highly meets",86,{"v":0.13782051282051283,"d":"14%"},{"v":0.06790123456790123,"d":"7%"},"3- highly meets",99,{"v":0.15865384615384615,"d":"16%"},{"v":0.038461538461538464,"d":"4%"},"3- highly meets",93,{"v":0.14903846153846154,"d":"15%"},{"v":0.125,"d":"13%"}]
[{"$nulls":13},"4-Fully meets",66,{"v":0.10576923076923077,"d":"11%"},{"v":0.05555555555555555,"d":"6%"},"4-Fully meets",68,{"v":0.10897435897435898,"d":"11%"},{"v":0.019230769230769232,"d":"2%"},"4-Fully meets",74,{"v":0.11858974358974358,"d":"12%"},{"v":0.03125,"d":"3%"}]
[]
[]
[{"$nulls":4},{"v":0.25,"d":"25%"},{"$nulls":3},{"v":0.25,"d":"25%"},{"$nulls":3},{"v":0.20512820512820512,"d":"21%"},{"$nulls":6},"REFERENCES [Ignore Following Columns]:"]
["8 TURNS NOT INCLUDED IN QREL:","Total","R1",{"$nulls":3},"R2",{"$nulls":3},"R3",{"$nulls":3},"ORG [Baseline]",{"$nulls":5},"R1",null,"R2",null,"R3"]
["87_6, 92_8, 93_7, 96_2, 103_7, 104_2, 104_5, 104_11",648,null,{"v":0.8703703703703703,"d":"87.0%"},162,141,null,{"v":0.8653846153846154,"d":"86.5%"},156,135,null,{"v":0.8359375,"d":"83.6%"},128,107,null,{"v":1,"d":"100.0%"},10,10,446,null,"R1",{"$nulls":10},10]
["ORG QUERY","TURN ID","QUERY","PASSAGE","QREL","NEW QREL","QUERY","PASSAGE","QREL","NEW QREL","QUERY","PASSAGE","QREL","NEW QREL","QUERY","PASSAGE","QREL","NEW QREL",0,true,"COMBO ID","PASSAGE ID","COMBO ID","PASSAGE ID","COMBO ID","PASSAGE ID",null,"QUERY","PASSAGE ID","COMBO ID","PASSAGE","QREL","NEW QREL"]
["How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","81_1","When can I tell my garage door opener is going bad ?","If the unit still doesnâ€™t work the original wires are probably not the problem. 7) If all else fails most likely their is a defective part on your garage door opener. However you can not be 100% sure that one of the sensors is bad. The main logic board supplies the power to them so it is possible that the board and/or the sensors could be defective.",1,null,"When can you tell if your garage door opener is starting to break ?","When the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position. Now, wipe any debris, moisture, or fingerprints off of the lenses located on both of the safety sensors.",2,"","How do you know your garage door opener is in a bad state ?","If the unit still doesnâ€™t work the original wires are probably not the problem. 7) If all else fails most likely their is a defective part on your garage door opener. However you can not be 100% sure that one of the sensors is bad. The main logic board supplies the power to them so it is possible that the board and/or the sensors could be defective.",1,null,"How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad ?","If the unit still doesnâ€™t work the original wires are probably not the problem. 7) If all else fails most likely their is a defective part on your garage door opener. However you can not be 100% sure that one of the sensors is bad. The main logic board supplies the power to them so it is possible that the board and/or the sensors could be defective.",1,null,1,false,"81_1_MARCO_4516826","MARCO_4516826","81_1_MARCO_4913842","MARCO_4913842","81_1_MARCO_4516826","MARCO_4516826",null,"How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","MARCO_4516826","81_1_MARCO_4516826","If the unit still doesnâ€™t work the original wires are probably not the problem. 7) If all else fails most likely their is a defective part on your garage door opener. However you can not be 100% sure that one of the sensors is bad. The main logic board supplies the power to them so it is possible that the board and/or the sensors could be defective.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","81_1","When can I tell my garage door opener is going bad ?","The IR sensors can go bad. Not a very common problem though. I'd check rough alignment first, then inspect the wiring (it's exposed wiring so many things can bump into them). A pair of sensors is pretty cheap, but if all of a sudden your garage door refuses to close all the way it could be what's going on.",2,null,"When can you tell if your garage door opener is starting to break ?","One sensor sends a signal to the opposite sensor in the form of an invisible beam. When the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position.Now, wipe any debris, moisture, or fingerprints off of the lenses located on both of the safety sensors.hen the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position.",2,"","How do you know your garage door opener is in a bad state ?","Garage Door Openers. Getting out of your car to open the garage door in bad weather is more than just an annoyance -- it can be dangerous. Save yourself the hassle and risk by investing in a garage door opener -- or by updating your worn-out unit. Sears offers many quality openers at competitive prices.Open the door remotely from your car, or with the press of a wall-mounted button, and never find yourself ducking through the rain again. ...view more.ave yourself the hassle and risk by investing in a garage door opener -- or by updating your worn-out unit. Sears offers many quality openers at competitive prices. Open the door remotely from your car, or with the press of a wall-mounted button, and never find yourself ducking through the rain again. ...view more.",0,null,"How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad ?","Garage Door Opener Problems. So, when the garage door opener decides to take a day off, it can leave you stuck outside, probably during a rain or snow storm. Though they may seem complicated, there really are several things most homeowners can do to diagnose and repair opener failures.nd, if you are careful not to damage the door or the seal on the bottom of the door, use a flat shovel or similar tool to chip away at the ice. Once you get the door open, clear any water, ice or snow from the spot on the garage floor where the door rests when closed.",0,null,1,false,"81_1_MARCO_4516817","MARCO_4516817","81_1_MARCO_3942604","MARCO_3942604","81_1_MARCO_7699205","MARCO_7699205",null,"How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","MARCO_5498474","81_1_MARCO_5498474","Garage Door Opener Problems. So, when the garage door opener decides to take a day off, it can leave you stuck outside, probably during a rain or snow storm. Though they may seem complicated, there really are several things most homeowners can do to diagnose and repair opener failures.nd, if you are careful not to damage the door or the seal on the bottom of the door, use a flat shovel or similar tool to chip away at the ice. Once you get the door open, clear any water, ice or snow from the spot on the garage floor where the door rests when closed.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","81_1","When can I tell my garage door opener is going bad ?","If you can hear your garage door motor running for what seems like the full amount of time it normally would take to open or close the door, but the door doesnâ€™t move, chances are the disconnect switch has been enabled. Every garage door opener comes with a disconnect switch in case you lose power.",1,null,"When can you tell if your garage door opener is starting to break ?","If you have two garage doors and they get similar use, have the springs above both doors replaced when one breaks. The other one will probably break within a year. If your garage door is opening slowly or making a lot of noise, the problem may not be your opener.ip 3: Choose the right opener. When buying an opener, choose a 1/3 hp or 1/2 hp opener for a single garage door (1/3 hp can be hard to find at some home centers). Go with 1/2 hp for a double door and 3/4 hp for a door that has a wood or faux wood overlay (they can be heavy!).",1,"","How do you know your garage door opener is in a bad state ?","However, insulation adds weight to the door, and that may throw off the balance. If your door falls after you let go of it, hire a garage door service company to readjust the spring tension. Leaving the door in an unbalanced state can damage your garage door opener.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad ?","The second most common reason is damage... If your door is physically damged due to wear and tear, high winds, vehicle contact or other damage you likely need to replace it. Not only can the door panels be damaged or stressed, so can the spring mechanisms, the track, and the garage door opener.",1,null,1,false,"81_1_MARCO_7246602","MARCO_7246602","81_1_MARCO_1900270","MARCO_1900270","81_1_MARCO_5756822","MARCO_5756822",null,"How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","MARCO_5822853","81_1_MARCO_5822853","The second most common reason is damage... If your door is physically damged due to wear and tear, high winds, vehicle contact or other damage you likely need to replace it. Not only can the door panels be damaged or stressed, so can the spring mechanisms, the track, and the garage door opener.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","81_2","Why is my garage door opener always breaking ?","One sensor sends a signal to the opposite sensor in the form of an invisible beam. When the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position.Now, wipe any debris, moisture, or fingerprints off of the lenses located on both of the safety sensors.hen the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position.",1,null,"What broke your garage door opener ?","Check the Remote Control. The lightest and most easily damaged of garage door opener repair parts, the handheld remote control is often at the root of a malfunctioning garage door. Check to ensure the remote's battery is installed and properly seated.",3,"","Why does your garage door opener break ?","When the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position. Now, wipe any debris, moisture, or fingerprints off of the lenses located on both of the safety sensors.",2,null,"Why did my garage door opener stop working ?","In November 2005, many automatic garage doors in Ottawa, Canada, had suddenly stopped working, due to a powerful radio signal that appeared to be interfering with the remote controls that open them.",1,null,2,true,"81_2_MARCO_3942604","MARCO_3942604","81_2_MARCO_6115074","MARCO_6115074","81_2_MARCO_4913842","MARCO_4913842",null,"Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","CAR_e24797700a9c01bf0aa53a913ae8727ae275d9e6","81_2_CAR_e24797700a9c01bf0aa53a913ae8727ae275d9e6","With the garage door opener powered-up to the electrical outlet, test the center contact with a 120 volt electrical meter or test light, with one lead on the center contact of the socket and one to the metal chassis of the opener (serving as the ground).his genuine LiftMaster replacement light socket (4A1344) replaces the burnt-out socket in your current Chamberlain brand garage door opener. These sockets often stop working due to the heat emitted from the light bulbs that damage the copper contact.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","81_2","Why is my garage door opener always breaking ?","When the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position. Now, wipe any debris, moisture, or fingerprints off of the lenses located on both of the safety sensors.",2,null,"What broke your garage door opener ?","When the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position. Now, wipe any debris, moisture, or fingerprints off of the lenses located on both of the safety sensors.",2,"","Why does your garage door opener break ?","If so, you might just have a broken torsion garage door spring. Torsion springs are located above the garage door and they are what lift the actual weight of the garage door. Most doors weigh between 150 to 250 pounds and without working springs, the garage door opener cannot lift the door. Attempting to use a garage door opener to lift a garage door with a broken spring can cause numerous parts on the opener to break. Whenever a spring breaks, the door will not go up.",2,null,"Why did my garage door opener stop working ?","Check the Remote Control. The lightest and most easily damaged of garage door opener repair parts, the handheld remote control is often at the root of a malfunctioning garage door. Check to ensure the remote's battery is installed and properly seated.",3,null,2,true,"81_2_MARCO_4913842","MARCO_4913842","81_2_MARCO_4913842","MARCO_4913842","81_2_MARCO_6024410","MARCO_6024410",null,"Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","MARCO_6115074","81_2_MARCO_6115074","Check the Remote Control. The lightest and most easily damaged of garage door opener repair parts, the handheld remote control is often at the root of a malfunctioning garage door. Check to ensure the remote's battery is installed and properly seated.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","81_2","Why is my garage door opener always breaking ?","If so, you might just have a broken torsion garage door spring. Torsion springs are located above the garage door and they are what lift the actual weight of the garage door. Most doors weigh between 150 to 250 pounds and without working springs, the garage door opener cannot lift the door. Attempting to use a garage door opener to lift a garage door with a broken spring can cause numerous parts on the opener to break. Whenever a spring breaks, the door will not go up.",2,null,"What broke your garage door opener ?","If so, you might just have a broken torsion garage door spring. Torsion springs are located above the garage door and they are what lift the actual weight of the garage door. Most doors weigh between 150 to 250 pounds and without working springs, the garage door opener cannot lift the door. Attempting to use a garage door opener to lift a garage door with a broken spring can cause numerous parts on the opener to break. Whenever a spring breaks, the door will not go up.",2,"","Why does your garage door opener break ?","Opener Types. Make sure that you get the right kind of opener for your type of garage door. Most openers have a weight limit and installing a opener that doesn't support your weight could cause it to break. By selecting the right type of opener, you can avoid having to buy a new opener before the 10,000 cycles.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why did my garage door opener stop working ?","With the garage door opener powered-up to the electrical outlet, test the center contact with a 120 volt electrical meter or test light, with one lead on the center contact of the socket and one to the metal chassis of the opener (serving as the ground).his genuine LiftMaster replacement light socket (4A1344) replaces the burnt-out socket in your current Chamberlain brand garage door opener. These sockets often stop working due to the heat emitted from the light bulbs that damage the copper contact.",0,null,2,true,"81_2_MARCO_6024410","MARCO_6024410","81_2_MARCO_6024410","MARCO_6024410","81_2_MARCO_6555545","MARCO_6555545",null,"Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","MARCO_8752378","81_2_MARCO_8752378","Replace the battery or batteries in the remote control. The batteries provide the power to send the signal; a lower voltage in the battery will reduce the garage door opener's range. Remove obstructions between the remote control and the door.",0,3,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","81_3","How much does fixing a garage door opener cost ?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project. The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",3,null,"How much does it cost for someone to fix your garage door opener ?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project. The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",3,"","What 's the cost of fixing a garage door opener ?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project. The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",3,null,"How much does it cost for someone to fix your garage door opener ?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project. The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",3,null,3,false,"81_3_MARCO_368559","MARCO_368559","81_3_MARCO_368559","MARCO_368559","81_3_MARCO_368559","MARCO_368559",null,"How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","MARCO_368559","81_3_MARCO_368559","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project. The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","81_3","How much does fixing a garage door opener cost ?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project.The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350.If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.he minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",4,null,"How much does it cost for someone to fix your garage door opener ?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project.The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350.If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.he minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",4,"","What 's the cost of fixing a garage door opener ?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project.The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350.If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.he minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",4,null,"How much does it cost for someone to fix your garage door opener ?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project.The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350.If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.he minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",4,null,3,false,"81_3_MARCO_1767683","MARCO_1767683","81_3_MARCO_1767683","MARCO_1767683","81_3_MARCO_1767683","MARCO_1767683",null,"How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","MARCO_1767683","81_3_MARCO_1767683","A typical service call will include a manual inspection of the door and opener. Then adjustments can be made including spring tension, chain/belt tension, limits and force adjustments and door lubrication. Fees for this service vary from place to place, but garage door repairs typically cost between $148 and $319.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","81_3","How much does fixing a garage door opener cost ?","A typical service call will include a manual inspection of the door and opener. Then adjustments can be made including spring tension, chain/belt tension, limits and force adjustments and door lubrication. Fees for this service vary from place to place, but garage door repairs typically cost between $148 and $321.",3,null,"How much does it cost for someone to fix your garage door opener ?","Garage door opener repair can cost between $100 and $300 depending on the extent of the problem. Return to Top. The type of garage door you select -- and any extra pieces or labor required -- will influence how much you pay to have it professionally installed.",2,"","What 's the cost of fixing a garage door opener ?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project.The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350.ost homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project. The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350.",3,null,"How much does it cost for someone to fix your garage door opener ?","Garage door opener repair can cost between $100 and $300 depending on the extent of the problem. Return to Top. The type of garage door you select -- and any extra pieces or labor required -- will influence how much you pay to have it professionally installed.",2,null,3,false,"81_3_MARCO_7070417","MARCO_7070417","81_3_MARCO_3052629","MARCO_3052629","81_3_MARCO_6159304","MARCO_6159304",null,"How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","MARCO_3052629","81_3_MARCO_3052629","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project.The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350.If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.he minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","81_4","What is the price of a new garage door opener ?","To install a single new garage door opener will cost between  $200 and $425. The higher pricing is associated with a professional installation, but for the purpose of this discussion we will actually look at the costs and requirements for installing a new garage door opener on a DIY basis.",3,null,"What is the average price for a replacement garage door opener ?","A garage door installer charges $421 to replace a garage door opener or you can do the job yourself for $210 and save 50 percent.",3,null,"When should you buy a new garage door opener instead of repairing the old one ?","When any object, such as a child or pet, runs through the light beam created by these sensors while the door is closing, the door immediately stops and reverses. If your garage door opener does not have a safety reversing feature, or if the one it does have no longer works, replacing the opener is highly recommended.",0,null,"How about replacing your garage door opener instead of fixing it ?","Try installing a garage door opener yourself instead of paying someone else to do it. Installation should only take you a few hours to complete and having a garage door opener will make opening and closing your garage door every day so much quicker and easier.",1,null,4,true,"81_4_MARCO_1293770","MARCO_1293770","81_4_MARCO_1381079","MARCO_1381079","81_4_MARCO_4516825","MARCO_4516825",null,"How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","MARCO_1381083","81_4_MARCO_1381083","A garage door installer charges $421 to replace a garage door opener or you can do the job yourself for $210 and save 50 percent.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","81_4","What is the price of a new garage door opener ?","According to DIYOrNot.com, it will cost between $200 and $425 to install a single new garage door opener.",3,null,"What is the average price for a replacement garage door opener ?","The cost of a garage door opener will depend on the horsepower, the brand and if you choose a professional to install it. A chain-driven opener can cost $150 to $350, while a belt-driven opener can cost $200 to $300. A screw-driven opener can cost $180 to $300. The popular Liftmaster garage door opener, for example, can cost $165 to $220. Genie, another popular brand, can cost $115 to $250, depending on the horsepower and features. The average cost to install a new garage door opener can cost anywhere from $200 to $550. Adding in the opener costs mentioned above, your total could be anywhere from $350 for a simple replace to $1,100+ for both the opener and installation job.",4,"","When should you buy a new garage door opener instead of repairing the old one ?","The second most common reason is damage... If your door is physically damged due to wear and tear, high winds, vehicle contact or other damage you likely need to replace it. Not only can the door panels be damaged or stressed, so can the spring mechanisms, the track, and the garage door opener.",0,null,"How about replacing your garage door opener instead of fixing it ?","You can also replace a garage door opener with a wireless keypad. Wireless keypads can open up to three different gates or garage doors, and are usually mounted outside the garage so that family members can open the garage without the remote.ou can also replace a garage door opener with a wireless keypad. Wireless keypads can open up to three different gates or garage doors, and are usually mounted outside the garage so that family members can open the garage without the remote.",0,null,4,true,"81_4_MARCO_97770","MARCO_97770","81_4_MARCO_8052397","MARCO_8052397","81_4_MARCO_5822853","MARCO_5822853",null,"How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","MARCO_4532458","81_4_MARCO_4532458","A garage door installer charges $378 to replace a garage door opener or you can do the job yourself for $210 and save 44 percent. Adjust the home improvement and repair cost with your ZIP Code.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","81_4","What is the price of a new garage door opener ?",", Garage Door Technician, Specialist. According to garagedooropenershq.com, it will cost between $200 and $425 to install a single new garage door opener. The higher pricing is associated with a professional installation, but for the purpose of this discussion we will actually look at the costs and requirements for installing a new garage door opener on a DIY basis.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What is the average price for a replacement garage door opener ?","A garage door installer charges $378 to replace a garage door opener or you can do the job yourself for $210 and save 44 percent. Adjust the home improvement and repair cost with your ZIP Code.",3,"","When should you buy a new garage door opener instead of repairing the old one ?","When it comes time to buy a new garage door opener, you might be surprised at the number of options you face. Here are some guidelines on how to make the best choice for your garage. Type of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw.1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.ype of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw. 1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How about replacing your garage door opener instead of fixing it ?","Get your quote now >>. If you have a garage door that is malfunctioning or not working at all, you may be in need of a repair. While the repair can be pricey, it will usually be less expensive than replacing the garage door altogether. With regular maintenance and quality parts, a garage door can last 20 or more years.",0,null,4,true,"81_4_MARCO_5107801","MARCO_5107801","81_4_MARCO_1293772","MARCO_1293772","81_4_MARCO_4532454","MARCO_4532454",null,"How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","MARCO_5570939","81_4_MARCO_5570939","A garage door installation service charges $421 to replace an electric garage door opener in a typical two-car garage, which includes the labor and material. If you're a handy homeowner, you can replace an old unit with a new one for $210, the garage door opener installation cost, and save 50 percent.",0,null,3,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$nulls":6},3]
["How do I choose a new garage door opener?","81_5","What should I look for when selecting a new garage door opener ?","How to Choose a Garage Door Opener. With so many different types of garage door openers on the market, you may not be sure where to start. The main consideration for a garage door opener is the drive type, which refers to the actual chain, belt, or other mechanism that moves and lifts the door. In some circumstances, the horsepower output of the motor should be considered as well, but typically in commercial or industrial settings.",3,null,"On what basis should I choose a replacement for my garage door opener ?","How to Choose a Garage Door Opener. With so many different types of garage door openers on the market, you may not be sure where to start. The main consideration for a garage door opener is the drive type, which refers to the actual chain, belt, or other mechanism that moves and lifts the door. In some circumstances, the horsepower output of the motor should be considered as well, but typically in commercial or industrial settings.",3,null,"What type of garage door opener should I get ?","How to Choose a Garage Door Opener. With so many different types of garage door openers on the market, you may not be sure where to start. The main consideration for a garage door opener is the drive type, which refers to the actual chain, belt, or other mechanism that moves and lifts the door. In some circumstances, the horsepower output of the motor should be considered as well, but typically in commercial or industrial settings.",3,null,"How do I choose a new garage door opener ?","How to Choose a Garage Door Opener. With so many different types of garage door openers on the market, you may not be sure where to start. The main consideration for a garage door opener is the drive type, which refers to the actual chain, belt, or other mechanism that moves and lifts the door. In some circumstances, the horsepower output of the motor should be considered as well, but typically in commercial or industrial settings.",3,null,5,false,"81_5_MARCO_7713538","MARCO_7713538","81_5_MARCO_7713538","MARCO_7713538","81_5_MARCO_7713538","MARCO_7713538",null,"How do I choose a new garage door opener?","MARCO_7713538","81_5_MARCO_7713538","How to Choose a Garage Door Opener. With so many different types of garage door openers on the market, you may not be sure where to start. The main consideration for a garage door opener is the drive type, which refers to the actual chain, belt, or other mechanism that moves and lifts the door. In some circumstances, the horsepower output of the motor should be considered as well, but typically in commercial or industrial settings.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do I choose a new garage door opener?","81_5","What should I look for when selecting a new garage door opener ?","Look for horsepower (HP) ratings to compare the lifting power between garage door opener models. Ratings ranging from 1/2-horsepower to 1-1/2 horsepower are typical for residential models. If you have a sectional double-car garage door, a 1/2-horsepower motor should be sufficient, but a higher-power model will operate with less effort and less wear and tear on the motor.",2,null,"On what basis should I choose a replacement for my garage door opener ?","When it comes time to buy a new garage door opener, you might be surprised at the number of options you face. Here are some guidelines on how to make the best choice for your garage. Type of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw.1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.ype of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw. 1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.",2,null,"What type of garage door opener should I get ?","It really depends on how heavy your door is.The 1/3 horsepower garage door opener is pretty much for people who want to save money. Only the lightest garage door should be used with those. The 1/3 hp have a smaller work-load rating and do not have as good a warranty as the others have. For most garage doors, a 1/2 horsepower garage door opener is just fine, but if you have a really really heavy door you may need a 3/4 horsepower garage door opener. The 3/4 hp garage door opener is designed for the heavier custom wood garage doors that go over 500lbs in weight.",2,null,"How do I choose a new garage door opener ?","When it comes time to buy a new garage door opener, you might be surprised at the number of options you face. Here are some guidelines on how to make the best choice for your garage. Type of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw.1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.ype of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw. 1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.",2,null,5,false,"81_5_MARCO_6568087","MARCO_6568087","81_5_MARCO_4532454","MARCO_4532454","81_5_MARCO_6568085","MARCO_6568085",null,"How do I choose a new garage door opener?","MARCO_4532454","81_5_MARCO_4532454","When it comes time to buy a new garage door opener, you might be surprised at the number of options you face. Here are some guidelines on how to make the best choice for your garage. Type of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw.1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.ype of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw. 1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do I choose a new garage door opener?","81_5","What should I look for when selecting a new garage door opener ?","Opener Types. Make sure that you get the right kind of opener for your type of garage door. Most openers have a weight limit and installing a opener that doesn't support your weight could cause it to break. By selecting the right type of opener, you can avoid having to buy a new opener before the 10,000 cycles.",2,null,"On what basis should I choose a replacement for my garage door opener ?","The garage door motor is located on the ceiling. Extra garage door opener remotes come in handy; however, choosing the right opener can be confusing. Each manufacturer makes its own replacement remotes, and universal remotes are also available. You must determine the features you need and the size of the remote.",1,"","What type of garage door opener should I get ?","Types of Openers. Chain driven garage door openers are great option if price is the most important factor. These openers use chain to get the garage door open. They tend to be loud and so not the best choice for garages that also contain a work space or a living space above. But they are the cheapest so if price is the issue, choose this type of opener.",2,null,"How do I choose a new garage door opener ?","Trending Now. Answers. Best Answer: Call (800) 35-GENIE they can help you select the proper opener. Please remember that the easier it is for you to operate your garage door manually, the easier it will be for the new garage door opener to open the door, resulting in a longer lifespan for the new system.",1,null,5,false,"81_5_MARCO_6555545","MARCO_6555545","81_5_MARCO_7095690","MARCO_7095690","81_5_MARCO_1778528","MARCO_1778528",null,"How do I choose a new garage door opener?","MARCO_6568086","81_5_MARCO_6568086","Trending Now. Answers. Best Answer: Call (800) 35-GENIE they can help you select the proper opener. Please remember that the easier it is for you to operate your garage door manually, the easier it will be for the new garage door opener to open the door, resulting in a longer lifespan for the new system.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What does a smart garage door opener do?","81_6","What is a smart one ?","A Smart Nation is one where people are empowered by technology to lead meaningful and fulfilled lives. A Smart Nation harnesses the power of networks, data and info-comm technologies to improve living, create economic opportunity and build a closer community. A Smart Nation is built not by Government, but by all of us - citizens, companies, agencies. This website chronicles some of our endeavours and future directions.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the benefits of a smart garage door opener ?","Make the Smart Investment on a New Garage Door & Opener. Think about it â€“ the garage is often one of the most prominent exterior features on most homes, and, a beautiful garage door not only enhances your homeâ€™s curb appeal, itâ€™s also a home improvement update that delivers one of the highest returns on investment.",0,"","What are the functionalities of a smart garage door opener ?","Get better versatility with the 3-Function Garage Door Opener. The Craftsman Visor Remote Control Garage Door Opener lets you control three different garage doors from the comfort of your car. The metallic hook slides onto the visor, and the slim, dark profile makes it easy to access when you need it, but easy to ignore when you don't.",0,null,"What does a smart garage door opener do ?","A garage door opener is a motorized device that opens and closes garage doors. Most are controlled by switches on the garage wall, as well as by remote controls carried by the owner.",0,null,6,true,"81_6_MARCO_5041279","MARCO_5041279","81_6_MARCO_1720869","MARCO_1720869","81_6_MARCO_6542463","MARCO_6542463",null,"What does a smart garage door opener do?","CAR_4a47011356515d1f05a97d2c045c085da86a55e5","81_6_CAR_4a47011356515d1f05a97d2c045c085da86a55e5","A garage door opener is a motorized device that opens and closes garage doors. Most are controlled by switches on the garage wall, as well as by remote controls carried by the owner.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What does a smart garage door opener do?","81_6","What is a smart one ?","What is a Smart Home? A Smart Home is one that provides its home owners comfort, security, energy efficiency (low operating costs) and convenience at all times, regardless of whether anyone is home.",0,null,"What are the benefits of a smart garage door opener ?","Our line of Wi-Fi garage door openers allow for seamless control of your garage through your smartphone without the need for add ons. From industry-leading, quiet operation, to state of the art technology, our most advanced openers perform beyond the highest expectation.",1,"","What are the functionalities of a smart garage door opener ?","More sophisticated features are also available, such as an integrated carbon monoxide sensor to open the door in case of the garage being flooded with exhaust fumes. Other systems allow door activation over the Internet to allow home owners to open their garage door from their office for deliveries.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What does a smart garage door opener do ?","Smart Homes start with a Smart Garage. Now is the time to upgrade your garage door opener with smartphone controls. Update what you have Get a new opener. Available Now! Universal Mini Garage Door Remote â€“ For On the Go! Buy Now. Get Connected Today! Try The Garage Door Opener Selector Tool. Learn More.",1,null,6,true,"81_6_MARCO_6531040","MARCO_6531040","81_6_MARCO_5089866","MARCO_5089866","81_6_CAR_eb49e319fcead64d226ffee5b1528b7850e78087","CAR_eb49e319fcead64d226ffee5b1528b7850e78087",null,"What does a smart garage door opener do?","MARCO_5446008","81_6_MARCO_5446008","Smart Homes start with a Smart Garage. Now is the time to upgrade your garage door opener with smartphone controls. Update what you have Get a new opener. Available Now! Universal Mini Garage Door Remote â€“ For On the Go! Buy Now. Get Connected Today! Try The Garage Door Opener Selector Tool. Learn More.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},3]
["What does a smart garage door opener do?","81_6","What is a smart one ?","smart home or building. A smart home or building is a home or building, usually a new one, that is equipped with special structured wiring to enable occupants to remotely control or program an array of automated home electronic devices by entering a single command.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the benefits of a smart garage door opener ?","Receive alerts when the garage door opens and closes. With Chamberlain's MyQ Garage, your Smartphone, Wi-Fi and any compatible garage door opener, you are committed in control. The Chamberlain MyQ Smartphone app is free with no monthly fees. 1  Know that your garage door is open and close it from anywhere.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the functionalities of a smart garage door opener ?","Smart Homes start with a Smart Garage. Now is the time to upgrade your garage door opener with smartphone controls. Update what you have Get a new opener. Available Now! Universal Mini Garage Door Remote â€“ For On the Go! Buy Now. Get Connected Today! Try The Garage Door Opener Selector Tool. Learn More.",1,null,"What does a smart garage door opener do ?","A garage door opener is a motorized device that opens and closes a garage door. Most are controlled by switches on the garage wall, as well as by a remote control carried in the garage owner's vehicle. In 1926, the electric garage door opener was invented by C.G. Johnson, the inventor of the garage door and founder of the Overhead Door Corporation.",0,null,6,true,"81_6_MARCO_4668122","MARCO_4668122","81_6_MARCO_7517889","MARCO_7517889","81_6_MARCO_5446008","MARCO_5446008",null,"What does a smart garage door opener do?","CAR_82e2512becbd3c7fe7614857c4d01841330b2a14","81_6_CAR_82e2512becbd3c7fe7614857c4d01841330b2a14","A garage door opener is a motorized device that opens and closes a garage door. Most are controlled by switches on the garage wall, as well as by a remote control carried in the garage owner's vehicle. In 1926, the electric garage door opener was invented by C.G. Johnson, the inventor of the garage door and founder of the Overhead Door Corporation.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","81_7","What do you think about the smart version 's security ?","On May 5, 2011, ESET released a beta test version of ESET Smart Security 5.0.  The beta version adds parental control, a cloud-based file reputation service, gamer mode, HIPS and improvements to its antispam, firewall and removable media control functions.  On June 14, 2011, ESET released a release candidate for ESET Smart Security version 5.0.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the safety of a smart one ?","A smart gun, or personalized gun, is a firearm that includes a safety feature or features that allow it to fire only when activated by an authorized user. These safety features can prevent misuse, accidental shootings, gun thefts, use of the weapon against the owner, and self-harm. Smart guns distinguish between authorized users and unauthorized users in several different ways, including the use of RFID chips or other proximity tokens, fingerprint recognition, magnetic rings, or mechanical locks. Related to smart guns are other smart firearms safety devices such as biometric or RFID activated accessories and safes.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some safety tips for using smart ones ?","Smart firearms safety technology is intended to prevent the accidental use and misuse of firearms by children and teens, as well as reducing accidental discharges or the use of a firearm against its owner if the firearm is stolen or taken away. Smart guns may also reduce incidents of suicide by unauthorized users of a firearm.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What 's important for me to know about the safety of a smart garage door opener ?","The garage door is generally the largest moving object in a home. An improperly adjusted garage door opener can exert strong and deadly forces and might not reverse the garage door in an emergency. The garage door counterbalance springs should be properly adjusted in order for the safety reverse system to function properly. Thus, proper installation and maintenance are extremely important in order for the garage door and garage door opener to operate smoothly and safely.",0,null,7,false,"81_7_CAR_f1d73f96dc6986f4e216ef19f87268899e9aaf86","CAR_f1d73f96dc6986f4e216ef19f87268899e9aaf86","81_7_CAR_354606d83600114d9c5628b3d2692dbb06e6edd6","CAR_354606d83600114d9c5628b3d2692dbb06e6edd6","81_7_CAR_f84d63bf2d994bad804783a35521d0f68cb7e287","CAR_f84d63bf2d994bad804783a35521d0f68cb7e287",null,"What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","CAR_353cc3cd905dd74409d47f331979acca2cd72545","81_7_CAR_353cc3cd905dd74409d47f331979acca2cd72545","The garage door is generally the largest moving object in a home. An improperly adjusted garage door opener can exert strong and deadly forces and might not reverse the garage door in an emergency. The garage door counterbalance springs should be properly adjusted in order for the safety reverse system to function properly. Thus, proper installation and maintenance are extremely important in order for the garage door and garage door opener to operate smoothly and safely.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","81_7","What do you think about the smart version 's security ?","On September 14, 2011, ESET Smart Security version 5.0 was released.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the safety of a smart one ?","Smart firearms safety technology is intended to prevent the accidental use and misuse of firearms by children and teens, as well as reducing accidental discharges or the use of a firearm against its owner if the firearm is stolen or taken away. Smart guns may also reduce incidents of suicide by unauthorized users of a firearm.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some safety tips for using smart ones ?","Several types of smart pointers exist. Some work with reference counting, others by assigning ownership of an object to one pointer. If a language supports automatic garbage collection (for example, Java or [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]]), then smart pointers are unneeded for the reclaiming and safety aspects of memory management, yet are useful for other purposes, such as cache data structure residence management and resource management of objects such as file handles or network sockets.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What 's important for me to know about the safety of a smart garage door opener ?","Safety Information. A garage door is one of the largest moving objects in your home, and is typically used every day, giving you good reason to keep it in proper working order. Overhead Door is dedicated to providing safe and reliable products that last for many years. We would like to offer the following practical tips for keeping your garage doors and openers in safe, proper working order.",0,null,7,false,"81_7_CAR_c30915ee53931ab9b6c47abecdfd9264a1e92883","CAR_c30915ee53931ab9b6c47abecdfd9264a1e92883","81_7_CAR_f84d63bf2d994bad804783a35521d0f68cb7e287","CAR_f84d63bf2d994bad804783a35521d0f68cb7e287","81_7_CAR_5b89878da1b28e5c71af1639ad33e87af36310a0","CAR_5b89878da1b28e5c71af1639ad33e87af36310a0",null,"What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","MARCO_7246606","81_7_MARCO_7246606","Safety Information. A garage door is one of the largest moving objects in your home, and is typically used every day, giving you good reason to keep it in proper working order. Overhead Door is dedicated to providing safe and reliable products that last for many years. We would like to offer the following practical tips for keeping your garage doors and openers in safe, proper working order.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","81_7","What do you think about the smart version 's security ?","On October 13, 2015, ESET Smart Security version 9.0 was released.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the safety of a smart one ?","The Smart Fortwo uses a very small front crumple zone. The second generation Smart Fortwo has been awarded 4 out of 5 stars in the Euro NCAP Adult Occupant Protection and 2 out of 4 stars in the Pedestrian protection test, but was not tested for Child Occupant Protection as it has no rear seats. The original Smart was awarded 3 out of 5 stars for Adult Occupant Protection. In American tests using a five-star rating, Smart cars received a four-star safety rating for the driver from a front impact, and a five-star safety rating for the driver for a side impact.  It also received \"Good\" ratings for front and side crash protection in Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) tests.  However, in an April 2009 40 mph frontal offset crash test between a Fortwo and a Mercedes C-Class, \"the Smart went air-borne and turned around 450 degrees\" causing \"extensive intrusion into the space around the dummy from head to feet\". The IIHS rated the Smart Fortwo \"Poor,\" noting that \"Multiple injuries, including to the head, would be likely for a real-world driver of a Smart in a similar collision.\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some safety tips for using smart ones ?","In our ever-changing hi-technology world it seems like everyone is turning to â€œsmartâ€\u009d technology. From the phone and tablet you carry in your pocket to controlling your homeâ€™s heating and air conditioning while away on vacation on a tropical beach, smart technology is everywhere.. Saving energy and controlling safety in the kitchen: Many homeowners think that smart technology is only for people who want to have a remote control to everything! On the contrary, many smart home technologies actually help keep your family safe while saving you water and energy in the kitchen.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What 's important for me to know about the safety of a smart garage door opener ?","Safety Features to keep in mind when buying a new garage door: 1  Tamper Resistant (Safety Feature) - Brackets at the bottom reduce your risk of injury form other door components. 2  Pinch Resistant (Safety Feature) - If fingers are too close to the door, pinch resistance will push them out of the way.",0,null,7,false,"81_7_CAR_1aa786f3bdd2ba2625f771615a24d8ea0df53124","CAR_1aa786f3bdd2ba2625f771615a24d8ea0df53124","81_7_CAR_6f561805843e21a823e7a388d7aaa483a1812b62","CAR_6f561805843e21a823e7a388d7aaa483a1812b62","81_7_MARCO_502611","MARCO_502611",null,"What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","MARCO_1248461","81_7_MARCO_1248461","All garage door openers manufactured since 1993 require some form of safety device to protect people, pets and objects from injury or damage if they are in the doorâ€™s path. The beam must be located at least 5 inches, but not more than 6 inches, from the floor.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","81_8","How can a smart garage door opener be hacked ?","Many garage door opener remote controls use fixed-code encoding which use DIP switches or soldering to do the address pins coding process, and they usually use pt2262/pt2272 or compatible ICs. For these fixed-code garage door opener remotes, one can easily clone the existing remote using a self-learning remote control duplicator (copy remote) which can make a copy of the remote using face-to-face copying.",0,null,"How do hackers get through the security of a smart garage door opener ?","The second stage of the wireless garage door opener system dealt with the shared frequency problem. To rectify this, multicode systems were developed.  These systems required a garage door owner to preset a digital code by switching eight to twelve DIP switches on the receiver and transmitter. While these switches provided garage door systems with 2 = 256 to 2 = 4,096 different codes, they were not designed with high security in mind; the main intent was to avoid interference with similar systems nearby.  Criminals were able to defeat the basic security of this system by trying different codes on a regular transmitter.  They could also make code grabbers to record and re-transmit a signal, or code scanners, that would attempt every possible combination in a short time.  Multicode openers became unpopular in areas where security was an issue, but due to their ease of programming, such openers are often used to operate such things as the gates in gated apartment complexes.",0,"","How can you break through the security of a smart garage door opener ?","The second stage of the wireless garage door opener system dealt with the shared frequency problem. To rectify this, multicode systems were developed.  These systems required a garage door owner to preset a digital code by switching eight to twelve DIP switches on the receiver and transmitter. While these switches provided garage door systems with 2 = 256 to 2 = 4,096 different codes, they were not designed with high security in mind; the main intent was to avoid interference with similar systems nearby.  Criminals were able to defeat the basic security of this system by trying different codes on a regular transmitter.  They could also make code grabbers to record and re-transmit a signal, or code scanners, that would attempt every possible combination in a short time.  Multicode openers became unpopular in areas where security was an issue, but due to their ease of programming, such openers are often used to operate such things as the gates in gated apartment complexes.",0,null,"How could a garage door opener be hacked ?","Many garage door opener remote controls use fixed-code encoding which use DIP switches or soldering to do the address pins coding process, and they usually use pt2262/pt2272 or compatible ICs. For these fixed-code garage door opener remotes, one can easily clone the existing remote using a self-learning remote control duplicator (copy remote) which can make a copy of the remote using face-to-face copying.",0,null,8,true,"81_8_CAR_539da063637196db5e8a5235eafd405563648029","CAR_539da063637196db5e8a5235eafd405563648029","81_8_CAR_f3e5086fb72bb6237d74c732e47c6d81e8b722ad","CAR_f3e5086fb72bb6237d74c732e47c6d81e8b722ad","81_8_CAR_f3e5086fb72bb6237d74c732e47c6d81e8b722ad","CAR_f3e5086fb72bb6237d74c732e47c6d81e8b722ad",null,"How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","CAR_539da063637196db5e8a5235eafd405563648029","81_8_CAR_539da063637196db5e8a5235eafd405563648029","Liftmaster MyQ technology thatâ€™s found in the latest Chamberlain and Liftmaster garage door opener models makes it possible. All you need is a MyQ equipped opener with 2 communication radios instead of 1, a connected Internet gateway device and a garage door opener app.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","81_8","How can a smart garage door opener be hacked ?","Liftmaster MyQ technology thatâ€™s found in the latest Chamberlain and Liftmaster garage door opener models makes it possible. All you need is a MyQ equipped opener with 2 communication radios instead of 1, a connected Internet gateway device and a garage door opener app.",1,null,"How do hackers get through the security of a smart garage door opener ?","The third stage of garage door opener market uses a frequency spectrum range between 300-400 MHz and most of the transmitter/receivers rely on hopping or rolling code technology. This approach prevents criminals from recording a code and replaying it to open a garage door. Since the signal is supposed to be significantly different from that of any other garage door remote control, manufacturers claim it is impossible for someone other than the owner of the remote to open the garage. When the transmitter sends a code, it generates a new code using an encoder. The receiver, after receiving a correct code, uses the same encoder with the same original seed to generate a new code that it will accept in the future. Because there is a high probability that someone might accidentally push the open button while not in range and desynchronize the code, the receiver generates look-a-head codes ahead of time. Rolling code is the same method of security used on the clickers of cars, and with some internet protocols for secure sites.",0,"","How can you break through the security of a smart garage door opener ?","The third stage of garage door opener market uses a frequency spectrum range between 300-400 MHz and most of the transmitter/receivers rely on hopping or rolling code technology. This approach prevents criminals from recording a code and replaying it to open a garage door. Since the signal is supposed to be significantly different from that of any other garage door remote control, manufacturers claim it is impossible for someone other than the owner of the remote to open the garage. When the transmitter sends a code, it generates a new code using an encoder. The receiver, after receiving a correct code, uses the same encoder with the same original seed to generate a new code that it will accept in the future. Because there is a high probability that someone might accidentally push the open button while not in range and desynchronize the code, the receiver generates look-a-head codes ahead of time. Rolling code is the same method of security used on the clickers of cars, and with some internet protocols for secure sites.",0,null,"How could a garage door opener be hacked ?","The second stage of the wireless garage door opener system dealt with the shared frequency problem. To rectify this, multicode systems were developed.  These systems required a garage door owner to preset a digital code by switching eight to twelve DIP switches on the receiver and transmitter. While these switches provided garage door systems with 2 = 256 to 2 = 4,096 different codes, they were not designed with high security in mind; the main intent was to avoid interference with similar systems nearby.  Criminals were able to defeat the basic security of this system by trying different codes on a regular transmitter.  They could also make code grabbers to record and re-transmit a signal, or code scanners, that would attempt every possible combination in a short time.  Multicode openers became unpopular in areas where security was an issue, but due to their ease of programming, such openers are often used to operate such things as the gates in gated apartment complexes.",0,null,8,true,"81_8_MARCO_7517890","MARCO_7517890","81_8_CAR_4bcfc03a15cd87582510aff3a259798e4bfcd8d3","CAR_4bcfc03a15cd87582510aff3a259798e4bfcd8d3","81_8_CAR_4bcfc03a15cd87582510aff3a259798e4bfcd8d3","CAR_4bcfc03a15cd87582510aff3a259798e4bfcd8d3",null,"How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","CAR_f3e5086fb72bb6237d74c732e47c6d81e8b722ad","81_8_CAR_f3e5086fb72bb6237d74c732e47c6d81e8b722ad","Many garage door opener remote controls use fixed-code encoding which use DIP switches or soldering to do the address pins coding process, and they usually use pt2262/pt2272 or compatible ICs. For these fixed-code garage door opener remotes, one can easily clone the existing remote using a self-learning remote control duplicator (copy remote) which can make a copy of the remote using face-to-face copying.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","81_8","How can a smart garage door opener be hacked ?","1 Press and release the â€œsmartâ€\u009d button on garage door opener motor unit. 2  The smart indicator light will glow steadily for 30 seconds. 3  Within 30 seconds, enter a four digit personal identification number (PIN) of your choice on the keypad.",0,null,"How do hackers get through the security of a smart garage door opener ?","To avoid giving them easy access to your garage, take the remote with you when you leave the car. The handiest way to do this is to replace your big remote with a small keychain version (sold at home centers or where you bought your garage door opener).Match the remote to the brand and year of your opener.Then follow the instructions for programming it.o avoid giving them easy access to your garage, take the remote with you when you leave the car. The handiest way to do this is to replace your big remote with a small keychain version (sold at home centers or where you bought your garage door opener).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How can you break through the security of a smart garage door opener ?","1 Press and release the â€œsmartâ€\u009d button on garage door opener motor unit. 2  The smart indicator light will glow steadily for 30 seconds. 3  Within 30 seconds, enter a four digit personal identification number (PIN) of your choice on the keypad.",0,null,"How could a garage door opener be hacked ?","The third stage of garage door opener market uses a frequency spectrum range between 300-400 MHz and most of the transmitter/receivers rely on hopping or rolling code technology. This approach prevents criminals from recording a code and replaying it to open a garage door. Since the signal is supposed to be significantly different from that of any other garage door remote control, manufacturers claim it is impossible for someone other than the owner of the remote to open the garage. When the transmitter sends a code, it generates a new code using an encoder. The receiver, after receiving a correct code, uses the same encoder with the same original seed to generate a new code that it will accept in the future. Because there is a high probability that someone might accidentally push the open button while not in range and desynchronize the code, the receiver generates look-a-head codes ahead of time. Rolling code is the same method of security used on the clickers of cars, and with some internet protocols for secure sites.",0,null,8,true,"81_8_MARCO_7706626","MARCO_7706626","81_8_MARCO_888456","MARCO_888456","81_8_MARCO_7706626","MARCO_7706626",null,"How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","CAR_4bcfc03a15cd87582510aff3a259798e4bfcd8d3","81_8_CAR_4bcfc03a15cd87582510aff3a259798e4bfcd8d3","The second stage of the wireless garage door opener system dealt with the shared frequency problem. To rectify this, multicode systems were developed.  These systems required a garage door owner to preset a digital code by switching eight to twelve DIP switches on the receiver and transmitter. While these switches provided garage door systems with 2 = 256 to 2 = 4,096 different codes, they were not designed with high security in mind; the main intent was to avoid interference with similar systems nearby.  Criminals were able to defeat the basic security of this system by trying different codes on a regular transmitter.  They could also make code grabbers to record and re-transmit a signal, or code scanners, that would attempt every possible combination in a short time.  Multicode openers became unpopular in areas where security was an issue, but due to their ease of programming, such openers are often used to operate such things as the gates in gated apartment complexes.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","82_1","What is the purpose of GMO food labels ?","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.n contrast, GMO labeling should be required on all food packaging. GMO Labeling Is Key to Our Right to Know! Few choices in our daily lives are as important as the food choices we make for ourselves and our families.",1,null,"What can you tell me about GMO food labels GMO ?","Genetically Modified Foods: Truth about Labeling. There is significant misinformation and confusion about genetically modified foods (or GMOs), which now make up a major part of the American diet.Anti-GMO activists are seeking to combat GMOs by pushing for labeling mandates on the state and federal levels.here is significant misinformation and confusion about genetically modified foods (or GMOs), which now make up a major part of the American diet.",2,"","What is the use of GMO Food labeling ?","Proponents argue that approved GMO food has undergone extensive testing, is “safe” and that basically labeling is unnecessary. Labeling may discourage consumers to use GMO products when such a choice may be irrational. A lot of consumers express fears that have not been substantiated by science.",2,null,"I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling .","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.ur right to know what is in the food we are buying and our right to choose our preferred food should not be usurped for any reason. Most Hawaii residents want GMO labeling and many are not convinced that GMOs are safe.",1,null,9,false,"82_1_MARCO_5970602","MARCO_5970602","82_1_MARCO_3674272","MARCO_3674272","82_1_CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9",null,"I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","MARCO_1209359","82_1_MARCO_1209359","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.n contrast, GMO labeling should be required on all food packaging. GMO Labeling Is Key to Our Right to Know! Few choices in our daily lives are as important as the food choices we make for ourselves and our families.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","82_1","What is the purpose of GMO food labels ?","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.",1,null,"What can you tell me about GMO food labels GMO ?","These days more and more consumers are looking for ways to avoid genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in their food. There are currently two food labels that indicate the absence of GMOs for consumers: the USDA Organic label and the Non-GMO Project Verified seal. GMOs, toxic pesticides, synthetic fertilizers, and artificial colors & flavors are all prohibited under USDA organic regulations.",2,"","What is the use of GMO Food labeling ?","No chemicals are involved. [ Read Andrew Kimbrell: The Case for Labeling GMOs ]. Farmers have been using GMOs for nearly 20 years, and between 70 percent and 80 percent of the food you consume contains GM ingredients.The use of this technology ensures farmers can grow more food, fend off infestations and recover from drought faster.GM technology also helps to keep food prices lower.armers have been using GMOs for nearly 20 years, and between 70 percent and 80 percent of the food you consume contains GM ingredients. The use of this technology ensures farmers can grow more food, fend off infestations and recover from drought faster. GM technology also helps to keep food prices lower.",1,null,"I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling .","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.n contrast, GMO labeling should be required on all food packaging. GMO Labeling Is Key to Our Right to Know! Few choices in our daily lives are as important as the food choices we make for ourselves and our families.",1,null,9,false,"82_1_MARCO_68667","MARCO_68667","82_1_MARCO_3851669","MARCO_3851669","82_1_MARCO_6914068","MARCO_6914068",null,"I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","MARCO_5970602","82_1_MARCO_5970602","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.ur right to know what is in the food we are buying and our right to choose our preferred food should not be usurped for any reason. Most Hawaii residents want GMO labeling and many are not convinced that GMOs are safe.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","82_1","What is the purpose of GMO food labels ?","Itâ€™s a growing controversy: Should GMO foods always be labeled so consumers are aware that the product contains genetically modified ingredients? GMOsâ€”or genetically modified organismsâ€”are created in a lab by altering the genetic makeup of a plant or an animal.",1,null,"What can you tell me about GMO food labels GMO ?","Genetically modified organisms (GMOs), also known as genetically modified or engineered foods, are created by forcing a piece of DNA from a totally different species, such as bacteria or viruses, into the DNA of a plant or animal.he biggest fear of these companies is that once GMOs are labeled, we won't want to eat them anymore. And that may happen, just like it did when we found out there was pink slime in our hamburgers! Our country is based on a free market economy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What is the use of GMO Food labeling ?","While the FDA is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the control and supervision of food safety, the agency holds the position that \"the use of genetic engineering in the production of food does not present any safety concerns for such foods as a class\", and , as there is \"an absence of reliable data indicating safety concerns\" with GMO foods as a class, voiced no opposition for USDA having the responsibility of regulating GMO food labeling.  The agency commented that the bill has language that may allow GMO material to escape labeling: the bill requires labeling if the food contains “genetic material”, but that may exempt secondary products like oil, starches, sweeteners, or proteins derived from GMO substrates. The agency  questioned the specificity of  the definition of bioengineered food when it would not apply to GMOs that could also be achieved by ‘conventional breeding”. The FDA has also voiced some concerns about food information being presented in electronic codes.",2,null,"I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling .","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.t's wrong for government to deny us our right to know. Our right to know what is in the food we are buying and our right to choose our preferred food should not be usurped for any reason. Most Hawaii residents want GMO labeling and many are not convinced that GMOs are safe.",1,null,9,false,"82_1_MARCO_1975478","MARCO_1975478","82_1_MARCO_955186","MARCO_955186","82_1_CAR_079b57ca30ecc47091ed02ad70be30c7b6b20b36","CAR_079b57ca30ecc47091ed02ad70be30c7b6b20b36",null,"I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","MARCO_955184","82_1_MARCO_955184","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.t's wrong for government to deny us our right to know. Our right to know what is in the food we are buying and our right to choose our preferred food should not be usurped for any reason. Most Hawaii residents want GMO labeling and many are not convinced that GMOs are safe.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","82_2","What are some risks and benefits of GMO food labels ?","The most notable GMO risks to humans are the potential development of allergens to GM related crops and toxicity from GM crops. However, studies also show GM crops have benefits including the increased nutritional value in foods.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What can be gained or lost by using GMO food labels ?","Proponents argue that approved GMO food has undergone extensive testing, is “safe” and that basically labeling is unnecessary. Labeling may discourage consumers to use GMO products when such a choice may be irrational. A lot of consumers express fears that have not been substantiated by science.",1,null,"What are the advantages and disadvantages of GMO Food labeling ?","Proponents argue that approved GMO food has undergone extensive testing, is “safe” and that basically labeling is unnecessary. Labeling may discourage consumers to use GMO products when such a choice may be irrational. A lot of consumers express fears that have not been substantiated by science.",1,null,"What are the pros and cons of GMO Food labeling ?","Proponents argue that approved GMO food has undergone extensive testing, is “safe” and that basically labeling is unnecessary. Labeling may discourage consumers to use GMO products when such a choice may be irrational. A lot of consumers express fears that have not been substantiated by science.",1,null,10,true,"82_2_MARCO_6092668","MARCO_6092668","82_2_CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","82_2_CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9",null,"What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","82_2_CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","Proponents argue that approved GMO food has undergone extensive testing, is “safe” and that basically labeling is unnecessary. Labeling may discourage consumers to use GMO products when such a choice may be irrational. A lot of consumers express fears that have not been substantiated by science.",1,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","82_2","What are some risks and benefits of GMO food labels ?","The most notable GMO risks to humans are the potential development of allergens to GM related crops and toxicity from GM crops. However, studies also show GM crops have benefits including the increased nutritional value in foods. \\\\ Improved from initial draft.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What can be gained or lost by using GMO food labels ?","Many people, even in the world of Natural Foods, donâ€™t know what a GMO is, let alone which crops and processed ingredients are high-risk. As such, labeling only products that contain high-risk ingredients could give an unfair competitive advantage to products that contain ingredients containing corn, soy, etc.",1,null,"What are the advantages and disadvantages of GMO Food labeling ?","GMO stands for genetically modified organisms. These are living things that have been changed via genetic engineering. Regardless of the advantages and disadvantages of GMO the main goal of making GMOs is to mix the helpful genes of various organisms in a single organism, frequently to be consumed as a source of food.In agriculture, GMOs actually have a lot of benefnts.On Preventing Disease and Insects.egardless of the advantages and disadvantages of GMO the main goal of making GMOs is to mix the helpful genes of various organisms in a single organism, frequently to be consumed as a source of food.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the pros and cons of GMO Food labeling ?","Brief Synopsis: Genetically modified foods information including list of GM foods with dna changes and pros and cons of GM food. Any politician or scientist who tells you these products are safe is either very stupid or lying.The hazards of these foods are uncertain.he benefits of genetically modified food crops include being able to breed disease resistant crops and herbicide tolerant strains. Genetically modified crops can also be made to include vitamins that may be lacking in some staple varieties.",0,null,10,true,"82_2_MARCO_6092669","MARCO_6092669","82_2_MARCO_232733","MARCO_232733","82_2_MARCO_3381366","MARCO_3381366",null,"What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","MARCO_1227831","82_2_MARCO_1227831","Brief Synopsis: Genetically modified foods information including list of GM foods with dna changes and pros and cons of GM food. Any politician or scientist who tells you these products are safe is either very stupid or lying.The hazards of these foods are uncertain.he benefits of genetically modified food crops include being able to breed disease resistant crops and herbicide tolerant strains. Genetically modified crops can also be made to include vitamins that may be lacking in some staple varieties.",0,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","82_2","What are some risks and benefits of GMO food labels ?","With every alleged GMO health risk, there are counterarguments either opposing health risk claims or suggesting GMOs provide more benefits than harm. The most notable GMO risks to humans are the potential development of allergens to GM related crops and toxicity from GM crops.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What can be gained or lost by using GMO food labels ?","They are not. (The GMO-fearing can seek out â€œ100 Percent Organicâ€\u009d products, indicating that a food contains no genetically modified ingredients, among other requirements.). Many people argue for GMO labels in the name of increased consumer choice.On the contrary, such labels have limited people's options.round 70 percent of processed foods in the U.S. contain genetically modified ingredients. Instead of providing people with useful information, mandatory GMO labels would only intensify the misconception that so-called Frankenfoods endanger people's health [see â€œ The Truth about Genetically Modified Food â€\u009d].",2,null,"What are the advantages and disadvantages of GMO Food labeling ?","Disadvantages of GMOs. 1. GMOs could be dangerous to some insects. This is because the new genes of the crops can be deadly to certain insects like butterflies that are not actually dangerous to crops. 2.The people who oppose GMOs arenâ€™t taste good as compared to naturally produced crops. 3.isadvantages of GMOs. 1. GMOs could be dangerous to some insects. This is because the new genes of the crops can be deadly to certain insects like butterflies that are not actually dangerous to crops. 2. The people who oppose GMOs arenâ€™t taste good as compared to naturally produced crops. 3.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the pros and cons of GMO Food labeling ?","Pro: private label products are GMO-free. Con: private label products are manufactured by Ralcorp, whose parent corporation ConAgra donated $1.17 million to oppose GMO labeling. If Trader Joeâ€™s is your best option for buying organic food on a limited food budget, I will never discourage that kind of logic.",0,null,10,true,"82_2_MARCO_6092671","MARCO_6092671","82_2_MARCO_3674279","MARCO_3674279","82_2_MARCO_6435686","MARCO_6435686",null,"What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","MARCO_3311529","82_2_MARCO_3311529","Pro: private label products are GMO-free. Con: private label products are manufactured by Ralcorp, whose parent corporation ConAgra donated $1.17 million to oppose GMO labeling. If Trader Joeâ€™s is your best option for buying organic food on a limited food budget, I will never discourage that kind of logic.",0,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","82_3","What are the issues regarding GMO food labels ?","One of the key issues concerning regulators is whether GM products should be labeled. Labeling of GMO products in the marketplace is required in 64 countries.  Labeling can be mandatory up to a threshold GM content level (which varies between countries) or voluntary. A study investigating voluntary labeling in South Africa found that 31% of products labeled as GMO-free had a GM content above 1.0%. In Canada and the USA labeling of GM food is voluntary, while in Europe all food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",0,null,"What are the risks of using GMO food labels ?","The most notable GMO risks to humans are the potential development of allergens to GM related crops and toxicity from GM crops. However, studies also show GM crops have benefits including the increased nutritional value in foods.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why should we not label GMO food ?","Why the GMO food provider is not looking to add labels to the such food. This question must be answered. Everything from a small candy to the Drink have ingrediats label patsed o print with it so consumer would know that what they are eating. Government has to ask to add labels to the GMO food.here have been NO long-term studies conducted on the safety of genetically engineered foods on humans. The issue of GM food safety was first discussed at a meeting of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World Health Organization (WHO) and biotech representatives in 1990.",0,null,"And what about the cons of GMO Food labeling ?","Proponents argue that approved GMO food has undergone extensive testing, is “safe” and that basically labeling is unnecessary. Labeling may discourage consumers to use GMO products when such a choice may be irrational. A lot of consumers express fears that have not been substantiated by science.",2,null,11,false,"82_3_CAR_127c8f0e34a6b25f92f6e8c089fa4a79620d381c","CAR_127c8f0e34a6b25f92f6e8c089fa4a79620d381c","82_3_MARCO_6092668","MARCO_6092668","82_3_MARCO_955187","MARCO_955187",null,"What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","82_3_CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","Proponents argue that approved GMO food has undergone extensive testing, is “safe” and that basically labeling is unnecessary. Labeling may discourage consumers to use GMO products when such a choice may be irrational. A lot of consumers express fears that have not been substantiated by science.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","82_3","What are the issues regarding GMO food labels ?","One of the key issues concerning regulators is whether GM products should be labeled. Labeling can be mandatory up to a threshold GM content level (which varies between countries) or voluntary. A study investigating voluntary labeling in South Africa found that 31% of products labeled as GMO-free had a GM content above 1.0%. In Canada and the United States labeling of GM food is voluntary, while in Europe all food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, and Australia require labeling so consumers can exercise choice between foods that have genetically modified, conventional or organic origins.",0,null,"What are the risks of using GMO food labels ?","The most notable GMO risks to humans are the potential development of allergens to GM related crops and toxicity from GM crops. However, studies also show GM crops have benefits including the increased nutritional value in foods. \\\\ Improved from initial draft.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why should we not label GMO food ?","So they can avoid the â€œfrankenfoodsâ€\u009d. This is why the GMO foods are not labeled now and why getting the GMO label on cans and boxes will be all but impossible. What we really need is a way to label food based on itâ€™s nutrition content or taste.The current labels are based on old data which were averages and guesses.o they can avoid the â€œfrankenfoodsâ€\u009d. This is why the GMO foods are not labeled now and why getting the GMO label on cans and boxes will be all but impossible. What we really need is a way to label food based on itâ€™s nutrition content or taste. The current labels are based on old data which were averages and guesses.",0,null,"And what about the cons of GMO Food labeling ?","The Organic Consumers Association, and the Union of Concerned Scientists, and Greenpeace stated that risks have not been adequately identified and managed, and they have questioned the objectivity of regulatory authorities. Some health groups say there are unanswered questions regarding the potential long-term impact on human health from food derived from GMOs, and propose mandatory labeling or a moratorium on such products. Concerns include contamination of the non-genetically modified food supply, effects of GMOs on the environment and nature, the rigor of the regulatory process, and consolidation of control of the food supply in companies that make and sell GMOs, or concerns over the use of herbicides with glyphosate.",0,null,11,false,"82_3_CAR_11a62de61f9acb61e79afcc17bc051aebeea4f8e","CAR_11a62de61f9acb61e79afcc17bc051aebeea4f8e","82_3_MARCO_6092669","MARCO_6092669","82_3_MARCO_5970609","MARCO_5970609",null,"What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","CAR_fafcd032f0865dec65bb0ea7418afbd56c0ddb2e","82_3_CAR_fafcd032f0865dec65bb0ea7418afbd56c0ddb2e","The Organic Consumers Association, and the Union of Concerned Scientists, and Greenpeace stated that risks have not been adequately identified and managed, and they have questioned the objectivity of regulatory authorities. Some health groups say there are unanswered questions regarding the potential long-term impact on human health from food derived from GMOs, and propose mandatory labeling or a moratorium on such products. Concerns include contamination of the non-genetically modified food supply, effects of GMOs on the environment and nature, the rigor of the regulatory process, and consolidation of control of the food supply in companies that make and sell GMOs, or concerns over the use of herbicides with glyphosate.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","82_3","What are the issues regarding GMO food labels ?","There is controversy over GMOs, especially with regard to their use in producing food. The dispute involves buyers, biotechnology companies, governmental regulators, nongovernmental organizations, and scientists. The key areas of controversy related to GMO food are whether GM food should be labeled, the role of government regulators, the effect of GM crops on health and the environment, the effect on pesticide resistance, the impact of GM crops for farmers, and the role of GM crops in feeding the world population. In 2014, sales of products that had been labeled as non-GMO grew 30 percent to $1.1 billion.",0,null,"What are the risks of using GMO food labels ?","With every alleged GMO health risk, there are counterarguments either opposing health risk claims or suggesting GMOs provide more benefits than harm. The most notable GMO risks to humans are the potential development of allergens to GM related crops and toxicity from GM crops.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why should we not label GMO food ?","1 The patenting of foods, which has many possible ethical issues. 2  The regulatory process of the FDA in which GMO foods have been determined as substantially equivalent to non-GMO foods, as well as the only requirement for approval is a voluntary consultation from the corporation that created the food.ince GMO foods are not labeled, you cannot know if they contain  GMOs. You can; however, know what foods do not or only contain  small amoiunts of GMOs by going to the Non â€¦ GMO Project website.",0,null,"And what about the cons of GMO Food labeling ?","Genetically modified organisms (GMO) are organisms whose genetic material has been altered by genetic engineering techniques generally known as recombinant DNA technology. Genetic engineering has expanded the genes available to breeders to utilize in creating desired germlines for new crops. Increased durability, nutritional content, insect and virus resistance and herbicide tolerance are a few of the attributes bred into crops through genetic engineering. For some, GMO crops cause food safety and food labeling concerns. Numerous countries have placed restrictions on the production, import or use of GMO foods and crops, which have been put in place due to concerns over potential health issues, declining agricultural diversity and contamination of non-GMO crops. Currently a global treaty, the Biosafety Protocol, regulates the trade of GMOs. There is ongoing discussion regarding the labeling of foods made from GMOs, and while the EU currently requires all GMO foods to be labeled, the US does not.",0,null,11,false,"82_3_CAR_5baec6a2efbc901ee5c6680c81eeafed5a33addf","CAR_5baec6a2efbc901ee5c6680c81eeafed5a33addf","82_3_MARCO_6092671","MARCO_6092671","82_3_MARCO_1289719","MARCO_1289719",null,"What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","CAR_14e62ec6fa1fb134487c7a2ce2a490b937880bb0","82_3_CAR_14e62ec6fa1fb134487c7a2ce2a490b937880bb0","Genetically modified organisms (GMO) are organisms whose genetic material has been altered by genetic engineering techniques generally known as recombinant DNA technology. Genetic engineering has expanded the genes available to breeders to utilize in creating desired germlines for new crops. Increased durability, nutritional content, insect and virus resistance and herbicide tolerance are a few of the attributes bred into crops through genetic engineering. For some, GMO crops cause food safety and food labeling concerns. Numerous countries have placed restrictions on the production, import or use of GMO foods and crops, which have been put in place due to concerns over potential health issues, declining agricultural diversity and contamination of non-GMO crops. Currently a global treaty, the Biosafety Protocol, regulates the trade of GMOs. There is ongoing discussion regarding the labeling of foods made from GMOs, and while the EU currently requires all GMO foods to be labeled, the US does not.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","82_4","What are the guidelines for GMO food labels in the EU ?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",3,null,"What are the EU regulations regarding GMO food labels ?","The regulations concerning the import and sale of GMOs for human and animal consumption grown outside the EU involve providing freedom of choice to the farmers and consumers. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. Twice GMOs unapproved by the EC have arrived in the EU and been forced to return to their port of origin. The first was in 2006 when a shipment of rice from America containing an experimental GMO variety (LLRice601) not meant for commercialisation arrived at Rotterdam. The second in 2009 when trace amounts of a GMO maize approved in the US were found in a \"non-GM\" soy flour cargo.",3,"","What are the European rules for GMO Food labeling ?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",3,null,"What are the EU rules regarding GMO Food labeling ?","The regulations concerning the import and sale of GMOs for human and animal consumption grown outside the EU involve providing freedom of choice to the farmers and consumers. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. Twice GMOs unapproved by the EC have arrived in the EU and been forced to return to their port of origin. The first was in 2006 when a shipment of rice from America containing an experimental GMO variety (LLRice601) not meant for commercialisation arrived at Rotterdam. The second in 2009 when trace amounts of a GMO maize approved in the US were found in a \"non-GM\" soy flour cargo.",3,null,12,true,"82_4_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","82_4_CAR_9727b05a936eee2b477f4fb5d5276da27dabd9d4","CAR_9727b05a936eee2b477f4fb5d5276da27dabd9d4","82_4_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad",null,"What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","CAR_9727b05a936eee2b477f4fb5d5276da27dabd9d4","82_4_CAR_9727b05a936eee2b477f4fb5d5276da27dabd9d4","In the EU, if a food contains or consists of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), or contains ingredients produced from GMOs, this must be indicated on the label. For GM products sold 'loose', information must be displayed immediately next to the food to indicate that it is GM.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","82_4","What are the guidelines for GMO food labels in the EU ?","In the EU, if a food contains or consists of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), or contains ingredients produced from GMOs, this must be indicated on the label. For GM products sold 'loose', information must be displayed immediately next to the food to indicate that it is GM.",1,null,"What are the EU regulations regarding GMO food labels ?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",3,"","What are the European rules for GMO Food labeling ?","The regulations concerning the import and sale of GMOs for human and animal consumption grown outside the EU involve providing freedom of choice to the farmers and consumers. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. Twice GMOs unapproved by the EC have arrived in the EU and been forced to return to their port of origin. The first was in 2006 when a shipment of rice from America containing an experimental GMO variety (LLRice601) not meant for commercialisation arrived at Rotterdam. The second in 2009 when trace amounts of a GMO maize approved in the US were found in a \"non-GM\" soy flour cargo.",3,null,"What are the EU rules regarding GMO Food labeling ?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",3,null,12,true,"82_4_MARCO_6544234","MARCO_6544234","82_4_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","82_4_CAR_9727b05a936eee2b477f4fb5d5276da27dabd9d4","CAR_9727b05a936eee2b477f4fb5d5276da27dabd9d4",null,"What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","82_4_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","In the EU, if a food contains or consists of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), or contains ingredients produced from GMOs, this must be indicated on the label.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","82_4","What are the guidelines for GMO food labels in the EU ?","In the EU, if a food contains or consists of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), or contains ingredients produced from GMOs, this must be indicated on the label.",1,null,"What are the EU regulations regarding GMO food labels ?","The EC Directorate-general for agriculture and rural development states that the regulations concerning the import and sale of GMOs for human and animal consumption grown outside the EU provide freedom of choice to farmers and consumers. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. As of 2010 GMOs unapproved by the EC had been found twice and returned to their port of origin: First in 2006 when a shipment of rice from the U.S. containing an experimental GMO variety (LLRice601) not meant for commercialisation arrived at Rotterdam, the second time in 2009, when trace amounts of a GMO maize approved in the US were found in a non-GM soy flour cargo. In 2012, the EU imported about 30 million tons of GM crops for animal consumption.",3,"","What are the European rules for GMO Food labeling ?","The EC Directorate-general for agriculture and rural development states that the regulations concerning the import and sale of GMOs for human and animal consumption grown outside the EU provide freedom of choice to farmers and consumers. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. As of 2010 GMOs unapproved by the EC had been found twice and returned to their port of origin: First in 2006 when a shipment of rice from the U.S. containing an experimental GMO variety (LLRice601) not meant for commercialisation arrived at Rotterdam, the second time in 2009, when trace amounts of a GMO maize approved in the US were found in a non-GM soy flour cargo. In 2012, the EU imported about 30 million tons of GM crops for animal consumption.",3,null,"What are the EU rules regarding GMO Food labeling ?","In the EU, if a food contains or consists of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), or contains ingredients produced from GMOs, this must be indicated on the label. For GM products sold 'loose', information must be displayed immediately next to the food to indicate that it is GM.",1,null,12,true,"82_4_MARCO_6544237","MARCO_6544237","82_4_CAR_b7e5b8c1488a3f42fb16fbc5cbcd0790a56948de","CAR_b7e5b8c1488a3f42fb16fbc5cbcd0790a56948de","82_4_CAR_b7e5b8c1488a3f42fb16fbc5cbcd0790a56948de","CAR_b7e5b8c1488a3f42fb16fbc5cbcd0790a56948de",null,"What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","MARCO_6544234","82_4_MARCO_6544234","The regulations concerning the import and sale of GMOs for human and animal consumption grown outside the EU involve providing freedom of choice to the farmers and consumers. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. Twice GMOs unapproved by the EC have arrived in the EU and been forced to return to their port of origin. The first was in 2006 when a shipment of rice from America containing an experimental GMO variety (LLRice601) not meant for commercialisation arrived at Rotterdam. The second in 2009 when trace amounts of a GMO maize approved in the US were found in a \"non-GM\" soy flour cargo.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","82_5","How do traceability tools for GMO food work ?","Traceability does not rely solely on documentation. By biochemical means (polymerase chain reaction) even tiny traces of GMOs can be detected and identified—provided that suitable testing tools exist for the GMO assumed to be present. In the EU, such a tool must be part of the application documents for the approval for commercialisation. For most products and production stages, testing methods are available to monitor and enforce the compliance with traceability regulations.",1,null,"How are GMO food labels traced in the EU ?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",3,"","How can the European rules trace GMO Food labeling ?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",3,null,"Tell me more about traceability tools for GMO Food .","The traceability of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) describes a system that ensures the forwarding of the identity of a GMO from its production to its final buyer. Traceability is an essential prerequisite for the co-existence of GM and non-GM foods, and for the freedom of choice for consumers.",0,null,13,false,"82_5_CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","82_5_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","82_5_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad",null,"Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","CAR_68d3c840e8a709c92de5a886d99ada2d27705252","82_5_CAR_68d3c840e8a709c92de5a886d99ada2d27705252","Traceability does not rely solely on documentation. By biochemical means (polymerase chain reaction) even tiny traces of GMOs can be detected and identified—provided that suitable testing tools exist for the GMO assumed to be present. In the EU, such a tool must be part of the application documents for the approval for commercialisation. For most products and production stages, testing methods are available to monitor and enforce the compliance with traceability regulations.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","82_5","How do traceability tools for GMO food work ?","The traceability of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) describes a system that ensures the forwarding of the identity of a GMO from its production to its final buyer. Traceability is an essential prerequisite for the co-existence of GM and non-GM foods, and for the freedom of choice for consumers.",0,null,"How are GMO food labels traced in the EU ?","The EU implemented regulations specifically governing co-existence and traceability. Traceability has become commonplace in the food and feed supply chains of most countries, but GMO traceability is more challenging given strict legal thresholds for unwanted mixing. Since 2001, conventional and organic food and feedstuffs can contain up to 0.9% of authorised modified material without carrying a GMO label. (any trace of non-authorised modification is cause for a shipment to be rejected). Authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs, and the several countries and interested parties created a non-governmental organization, Co-Extra, to develop such methods.",1,"","How can the European rules trace GMO Food labeling ?","The EU implemented regulations specifically governing co-existence and traceability. Traceability has become commonplace in the food and feed supply chains of most countries, but GMO traceability is more challenging given strict legal thresholds for unwanted mixing. Since 2001, conventional and organic food and feedstuffs can contain up to 0.9% of authorised modified material without carrying a GMO label. (any trace of non-authorised modification is cause for a shipment to be rejected). Authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs, and the several countries and interested parties created a non-governmental organization, Co-Extra, to develop such methods.",1,null,"Tell me more about traceability tools for GMO Food .","Traceability does not rely solely on documentation. By biochemical means (polymerase chain reaction) even tiny traces of GMOs can be detected and identified—provided that suitable testing tools exist for the GMO assumed to be present. In the EU, such a tool must be part of the application documents for the approval for commercialisation. For most products and production stages, testing methods are available to monitor and enforce the compliance with traceability regulations.",1,null,13,false,"82_5_CAR_68d3c840e8a709c92de5a886d99ada2d27705252","CAR_68d3c840e8a709c92de5a886d99ada2d27705252","82_5_CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","82_5_CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d",null,"Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","82_5_CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","82_5","How do traceability tools for GMO food work ?","The traceability of GMOs is founded on two needs. First, consumers in many countries are reluctant to buy genetically modified foods, and are skeptical of the use of GM crops for animal feed. Consequently, the concept of co-existence has been developed to separate GM and non-GM supply chains, and is only possible if all purchasers along the production chain know what they are buying. Secondly, although every GMO that is approved for commercialisation must have passed a safety assessment, it may be necessary to withdraw a certain GMO from the market - for example, if new scientific evidence raises doubts about its safety.",0,null,"How are GMO food labels traced in the EU ?","Traceability does not rely solely on documentation. By biochemical means (polymerase chain reaction) even tiny traces of GMOs can be detected and identified—provided that suitable testing tools exist for the GMO assumed to be present. In the EU, such a tool must be part of the application documents for the approval for commercialisation. For most products and production stages, testing methods are available to monitor and enforce the compliance with traceability regulations.",1,"","How can the European rules trace GMO Food labeling ?","Traceability does not rely solely on documentation. By biochemical means (polymerase chain reaction) even tiny traces of GMOs can be detected and identified—provided that suitable testing tools exist for the GMO assumed to be present. In the EU, such a tool must be part of the application documents for the approval for commercialisation. For most products and production stages, testing methods are available to monitor and enforce the compliance with traceability regulations.",1,null,"Tell me more about traceability tools for GMO Food .","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",3,null,13,false,"82_5_CAR_a1dd57214ebef2a3beac6accde677a57d96f7da7","CAR_a1dd57214ebef2a3beac6accde677a57d96f7da7","82_5_CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","82_5_CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4",null,"Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","82_5_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","The EU implemented regulations specifically governing co-existence and traceability. Traceability has become commonplace in the food and feed supply chains of most countries, but GMO traceability is more challenging given strict legal thresholds for unwanted mixing. Since 2001, conventional and organic food and feedstuffs can contain up to 0.9% of authorised modified material without carrying a GMO label. (any trace of non-authorised modification is cause for a shipment to be rejected). Authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs, and the several countries and interested parties created a non-governmental organization, Co-Extra, to develop such methods.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","82_6","What are some uses of Co - Extra ?","While SIGMEA was focused on co-existence at the farm level, Co-Extra studies co-existence along the whole production chain, and has a second focus on the traceability of GMOs, since co-existence cannot work without traceability. To be able to monitor and enforce compliance with co-existence regulations, authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs.",4,null,"How is Co - Extra used to trace GMO food ?","While SIGMEA was focused on co-existence at the farm level, Co-Extra studies co-existence along the whole production chain, and has a second focus on the traceability of GMOs, since co-existence cannot work without traceability. To be able to monitor and enforce compliance with co-existence regulations, authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs.",4,"","Does co - extra contribute to traceability of GMO Food ?","While SIGMEA was focused on co-existence at the farm level, Co-Extra studies co-existence along the whole production chain, and has a second focus on the traceability of GMOs, since co-existence cannot work without traceability. To be able to monitor and enforce compliance with co-existence regulations, authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs.",4,null,"What is the role of Co - Extra in traceability tools ?","With regard to supporting cost-effective documentary traceability, Co-Extra was aimed at devising reliable, analytical detection methods, and at establishing the most appropriate methods of collecting, organising and distributing information. A core programme objective was the provision, to all stakeholders of food and feed chains, of a central decision-support system incorporating all necessary institutional tools, methods, models and guidelines.",4,null,14,true,"82_6_CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","82_6_CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","82_6_CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff",null,"What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","CAR_c3b5e081e8f27c9de016dc54037c8c2208f1bbd6","82_6_CAR_c3b5e081e8f27c9de016dc54037c8c2208f1bbd6","Co-Extra was an EU-funded research programme on co-existence and traceability of genetically modified crops and their edible derivatives that ran from 2005-2009. It was granted €13.5 million under the Sixth Framework Programme of the European Union, and is conducted by more than 200 scientists in 52 organisations in 18 countries.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","82_6","What are some uses of Co - Extra ?","For genetically modified (GM) rapeseed, researchers hoping to minimise the admixture of GM and non-GM crops are attempting to use cleistogamy to prevent gene flow. However, preliminary results from Co-Extra, a current project within the EU research program, show that although cleistogamy reduces gene flow, it is not at the moment a consistently reliable tool for biocontainment; due to a certain instability of the cleistogamous trait, some flowers may open and release genetically modified pollen.",3,null,"How is Co - Extra used to trace GMO food ?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",4,"","Does co - extra contribute to traceability of GMO Food ?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",4,null,"What is the role of Co - Extra in traceability tools ?","Co-Extra was an EU-funded research programme on co-existence and traceability of genetically modified crops and their edible derivatives that ran from 2005-2009. It was granted €13.5 million under the Sixth Framework Programme of the European Union, and is conducted by more than 200 scientists in 52 organisations in 18 countries.",4,null,14,true,"82_6_CAR_fd24e3d6d67f82cd49351ea0ad6dc08545c6ed60","CAR_fd24e3d6d67f82cd49351ea0ad6dc08545c6ed60","82_6_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","82_6_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad",null,"What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","CAR_8d02588a98fbc9b03520749daa022522dd2638d0","82_6_CAR_8d02588a98fbc9b03520749daa022522dd2638d0","While SIGMEA was focused on co-existence at the farm level, Co-Extra studies co-existence along the whole production chain, and has a second focus on the traceability of GMOs, since co-existence cannot work without traceability. To be able to monitor and enforce compliance with co-existence regulations, authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","82_6","What are some uses of Co - Extra ?","Martell and Motekaitis (1992) use the most linear regions and exploit the difference in equivalence volumes between acid-side and base-side plots during an acid-base titration to estimate the adventitious CO content in the base solution. This is illustrated in the sample Gran plots of Figure 1. In that situation, the extra acid used to neutralize the carbonate, by double protonation, in volume",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How is Co - Extra used to trace GMO food ?","The EU implemented regulations specifically governing co-existence and traceability. Traceability has become commonplace in the food and feed supply chains of most countries, but GMO traceability is more challenging given strict legal thresholds for unwanted mixing. Since 2001, conventional and organic food and feedstuffs can contain up to 0.9% of authorised modified material without carrying a GMO label. (any trace of non-authorised modification is cause for a shipment to be rejected). Authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs, and the several countries and interested parties created a non-governmental organization, Co-Extra, to develop such methods.",4,"","Does co - extra contribute to traceability of GMO Food ?","The EU implemented regulations specifically governing co-existence and traceability. Traceability has become commonplace in the food and feed supply chains of most countries, but GMO traceability is more challenging given strict legal thresholds for unwanted mixing. Since 2001, conventional and organic food and feedstuffs can contain up to 0.9% of authorised modified material without carrying a GMO label. (any trace of non-authorised modification is cause for a shipment to be rejected). Authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs, and the several countries and interested parties created a non-governmental organization, Co-Extra, to develop such methods.",4,null,"What is the role of Co - Extra in traceability tools ?","While SIGMEA was focused on co-existence at the farm level, Co-Extra studies co-existence along the whole production chain, and has a second focus on the traceability of GMOs, since co-existence cannot work without traceability. To be able to monitor and enforce compliance with co-existence regulations, authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs.",4,null,14,true,"82_6_CAR_6e364afb1a6e92bab69ebff6561507f2fbcceb3d","CAR_6e364afb1a6e92bab69ebff6561507f2fbcceb3d","82_6_CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","82_6_CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d",null,"What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","82_6_CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["How is food tested for GMO contamination?","82_7","What tests are used to detect contamination in GMO food ?","Two evaluations, Comprehensive GMO Screen and Crop-specific Deep GMO Test are offered, which help food manufacturers to determine if there are any genetically modified components in their food products. This helps verify GMO-free labeling and address health risks for those with allergens. The process starts with DNA extraction to detect GMO traces, which are then tested for quality and finally assigned a rank within the database.",2,null,"How is contamination of GMO food tested ?","Testing on GMOs in food and feed is routinely done using molecular techniques such as PCR and bioinformatics.",3,"","How do the European rules test for contamination of GMO Food ?","Traceability does not rely solely on documentation. By biochemical means (polymerase chain reaction) even tiny traces of GMOs can be detected and identified—provided that suitable testing tools exist for the GMO assumed to be present. In the EU, such a tool must be part of the application documents for the approval for commercialisation. For most products and production stages, testing methods are available to monitor and enforce the compliance with traceability regulations.",2,null,"How is testing done for contamination of GMO Food ?","Testing on GMOs in food and feed is routinely done using molecular techniques such as PCR and bioinformatics.",3,null,15,false,"82_7_CAR_7dc309882a647d5d1f9d2545979314c2f99f9c35","CAR_7dc309882a647d5d1f9d2545979314c2f99f9c35","82_7_CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718","CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718","82_7_CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4",null,"How is food tested for GMO contamination?","CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718","82_7_CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718","Testing on GMOs in food and feed is routinely done using molecular techniques such as PCR and bioinformatics.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How is food tested for GMO contamination?","82_7","What tests are used to detect contamination in GMO food ?","Testing on GMOs in food and feed is routinely done using molecular techniques such as PCR and bioinformatics.",3,null,"How is contamination of GMO food tested ?","Two evaluations, Comprehensive GMO Screen and Crop-specific Deep GMO Test are offered, which help food manufacturers to determine if there are any genetically modified components in their food products. This helps verify GMO-free labeling and address health risks for those with allergens. The process starts with DNA extraction to detect GMO traces, which are then tested for quality and finally assigned a rank within the database.",2,"","How do the European rules test for contamination of GMO Food ?","Testing on GMOs in food and feed is routinely done using molecular techniques such as PCR and bioinformatics.",3,null,"How is testing done for contamination of GMO Food ?","Two evaluations, Comprehensive GMO Screen and Crop-specific Deep GMO Test are offered, which help food manufacturers to determine if there are any genetically modified components in their food products. This helps verify GMO-free labeling and address health risks for those with allergens. The process starts with DNA extraction to detect GMO traces, which are then tested for quality and finally assigned a rank within the database.",2,null,15,false,"82_7_CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718","CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718","82_7_CAR_7dc309882a647d5d1f9d2545979314c2f99f9c35","CAR_7dc309882a647d5d1f9d2545979314c2f99f9c35","82_7_CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718","CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718",null,"How is food tested for GMO contamination?","CAR_7dc309882a647d5d1f9d2545979314c2f99f9c35","82_7_CAR_7dc309882a647d5d1f9d2545979314c2f99f9c35","Two evaluations, Comprehensive GMO Screen and Crop-specific Deep GMO Test are offered, which help food manufacturers to determine if there are any genetically modified components in their food products. This helps verify GMO-free labeling and address health risks for those with allergens. The process starts with DNA extraction to detect GMO traces, which are then tested for quality and finally assigned a rank within the database.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How is food tested for GMO contamination?","82_7","What tests are used to detect contamination in GMO food ?","The detection of genetically modified organisms in food or feed is possible by biochemical means. It can either be qualitative, showing which genetically modified organism (GMO) is present, or quantitative, measuring in which amount a certain GMO is present. Being able to detect a GMO is an important part of GMO labeling, as without detection methods the traceability of GMOs would rely solely on documentation.",2,null,"How is contamination of GMO food tested ?","GMO Testing. Six of our eight dairy farms source their non-GMO feed from Maysville Elevator in Apple Creek, OH. The remaining three farms grow their own feed. Every load of corn and soybeans used by Maysville Elevator is screened for GMO contamination using the Envirologix Quickscan Anlyzer before the load is received into their non-GMO storage bin.",2,"","How do the European rules test for contamination of GMO Food ?","The EC Directorate-general for agriculture and rural development states that the regulations concerning the import and sale of GMOs for human and animal consumption grown outside the EU provide freedom of choice to farmers and consumers. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. As of 2010 GMOs unapproved by the EC had been found twice and returned to their port of origin: First in 2006 when a shipment of rice from the U.S. containing an experimental GMO variety (LLRice601) not meant for commercialisation arrived at Rotterdam, the second time in 2009, when trace amounts of a GMO maize approved in the US were found in a non-GM soy flour cargo. In 2012, the EU imported about 30 million tons of GM crops for animal consumption.",0,null,"How is testing done for contamination of GMO Food ?","GMO Testing. Six of our eight dairy farms source their non-GMO feed from Maysville Elevator in Apple Creek, OH. The remaining three farms grow their own feed. Every load of corn and soybeans used by Maysville Elevator is screened for GMO contamination using the Envirologix Quickscan Anlyzer before the load is received into their non-GMO storage bin.",2,null,15,false,"82_7_CAR_f623d3242c208ddd2671b53ffb56d657dc190ce3","CAR_f623d3242c208ddd2671b53ffb56d657dc190ce3","82_7_MARCO_6858684","MARCO_6858684","82_7_CAR_b7e5b8c1488a3f42fb16fbc5cbcd0790a56948de","CAR_b7e5b8c1488a3f42fb16fbc5cbcd0790a56948de",null,"How is food tested for GMO contamination?","MARCO_6858684","82_7_MARCO_6858684","The detection of genetically modified organisms in food or feed is possible by biochemical means. It can either be qualitative, showing which genetically modified organism (GMO) is present, or quantitative, measuring in which amount a certain GMO is present. Being able to detect a GMO is an important part of GMO labeling, as without detection methods the traceability of GMOs would rely solely on documentation.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","82_8","Where does the European approach to traceability of GMO food labels differ from that of the United States ?","The approaches taken by governments to assess and manage the risks associated with the use of genetic engineering technology and the development and release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) vary from country to country, with some of the most marked differences occurring between the United States and Europe. The U.S. regulatory policy is governed by the Coordinated Framework for Regulation of Biotechnology The policy has three tenets:  \"(1) U.S. policy would focus on the product of genetic modification (GM) techniques, not the process itself, (2) only regulation grounded in verifiable scientific risks would be tolerated, and (3) GM products are on a continuum with existing products and, therefore, existing statutes are sufficient to review the products.\" European Union by contrast enacted  regulatory laws in 2003 that provided possibly the most stringent GMO regulations in the world. All GMOs, along with irradiated food, are considered \"new food\" and subject to extensive, case-by-case, science-based food evaluation by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).  The criteria for authorization fall in four broad categories: \"safety,\" \"freedom of choice,\" \"labelling,\" and \"traceability.\"",2,null,"How different are the European standards for GMO food from the ones in the US ?","One key area where the US and EU differ is genetically modified foods. The EU has some of the strictest GM regulations in the world and has authorised just 52 GM foods to date. The US, on the other hand, is the largest commercial grower of GM crops in the world. There is also concern that US producers will be able to sell their meat in European markets, even though it is produced to different standards.",2,"","What are the differences between the European Union and the United States in regards to GMO Food labeling ?","One key area where the US and EU differ is genetically modified foods. The EU has some of the strictest GM regulations in the world and has authorised just 52 GM foods to date. The US, on the other hand, is the largest commercial grower of GM crops in the world. There is also concern that US producers will be able to sell their meat in European markets, even though it is produced to different standards.",2,null,"What 's the difference between the European and US approaches to GMO Food labeling ?","The European Union has heavily contrasted its regulations and restrictions regarding genetic engineering compared to those of the United States. The European Parliament's Committee on the Environmental, Public Health, and Consumer Protection pushed forward and adopted a \"safety first\" principle regarding the case of GMOs, calling for any negative health consequences from GMOs to be held liable. On the other hand, the United States still takes on a less hands-on approach to the regulation of GMOs, with the FDA and USDA only looking over pesticide and plant health facets of GMOs. Despite the overall global increase in the production in GMOs, the European Union has still stalled GMOs fully integrating into its food supply. This has definitely affected various countries, including the United States, when trading with the EU.",2,null,16,true,"82_8_CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243","CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243","82_8_MARCO_4027034","MARCO_4027034","82_8_MARCO_4027034","MARCO_4027034",null,"What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884","82_8_CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884","The European Union has heavily contrasted its regulations and restrictions regarding genetic engineering compared to those of the United States. The European Parliament's Committee on the Environmental, Public Health, and Consumer Protection pushed forward and adopted a \"safety first\" principle regarding the case of GMOs, calling for any negative health consequences from GMOs to be held liable. On the other hand, the United States still takes on a less hands-on approach to the regulation of GMOs, with the FDA and USDA only looking over pesticide and plant health facets of GMOs. Despite the overall global increase in the production in GMOs, the European Union has still stalled GMOs fully integrating into its food supply. This has definitely affected various countries, including the United States, when trading with the EU.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","82_8","Where does the European approach to traceability of GMO food labels differ from that of the United States ?","The European Union has heavily contrasted its regulations and restrictions regarding genetic engineering compared to those of the United States. The European Parliament's Committee on the Environmental, Public Health, and Consumer Protection pushed forward and adopted a \"safety first\" principle regarding the case of GMOs, calling for any negative health consequences from GMOs to be held liable. On the other hand, the United States still takes on a less hands-on approach to the regulation of GMOs, with the FDA and USDA only looking over pesticide and plant health facets of GMOs. Despite the overall global increase in the production in GMOs, the European Union has still stalled GMOs fully integrating into its food supply. This has definitely affected various countries, including the United States, when trading with the EU.",2,null,"How different are the European standards for GMO food from the ones in the US ?","The European Union has heavily contrasted its regulations and restrictions regarding genetic engineering compared to those of the United States. The European Parliament's Committee on the Environmental, Public Health, and Consumer Protection pushed forward and adopted a \"safety first\" principle regarding the case of GMOs, calling for any negative health consequences from GMOs to be held liable. On the other hand, the United States still takes on a less hands-on approach to the regulation of GMOs, with the FDA and USDA only looking over pesticide and plant health facets of GMOs. Despite the overall global increase in the production in GMOs, the European Union has still stalled GMOs fully integrating into its food supply. This has definitely affected various countries, including the United States, when trading with the EU.",2,"","What are the differences between the European Union and the United States in regards to GMO Food labeling ?","The European Union has heavily contrasted its regulations and restrictions regarding genetic engineering compared to those of the United States. The European Parliament's Committee on the Environmental, Public Health, and Consumer Protection pushed forward and adopted a \"safety first\" principle regarding the case of GMOs, calling for any negative health consequences from GMOs to be held liable. On the other hand, the United States still takes on a less hands-on approach to the regulation of GMOs, with the FDA and USDA only looking over pesticide and plant health facets of GMOs. Despite the overall global increase in the production in GMOs, the European Union has still stalled GMOs fully integrating into its food supply. This has definitely affected various countries, including the United States, when trading with the EU.",2,null,"What 's the difference between the European and US approaches to GMO Food labeling ?","The approaches taken by governments to assess and manage the risks associated with the use of genetic engineering technology and the development and release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) vary from country to country, with some of the most marked differences occurring between the United States and Europe. The U.S. regulatory policy is governed by the Coordinated Framework for Regulation of Biotechnology The policy has three tenets:  \"(1) U.S. policy would focus on the product of genetic modification (GM) techniques, not the process itself, (2) only regulation grounded in verifiable scientific risks would be tolerated, and (3) GM products are on a continuum with existing products and, therefore, existing statutes are sufficient to review the products.\" European Union by contrast enacted  regulatory laws in 2003 that provided possibly the most stringent GMO regulations in the world. All GMOs, along with irradiated food, are considered \"new food\" and subject to extensive, case-by-case, science-based food evaluation by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).  The criteria for authorization fall in four broad categories: \"safety,\" \"freedom of choice,\" \"labelling,\" and \"traceability.\"",2,null,16,true,"82_8_CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884","CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884","82_8_CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884","CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884","82_8_CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884","CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884",null,"What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243","82_8_CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243","The approaches taken by governments to assess and manage the risks associated with the use of genetic engineering technology and the development and release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) vary from country to country, with some of the most marked differences occurring between the United States and Europe. The U.S. regulatory policy is governed by the Coordinated Framework for Regulation of Biotechnology The policy has three tenets:  \"(1) U.S. policy would focus on the product of genetic modification (GM) techniques, not the process itself, (2) only regulation grounded in verifiable scientific risks would be tolerated, and (3) GM products are on a continuum with existing products and, therefore, existing statutes are sufficient to review the products.\" European Union by contrast enacted  regulatory laws in 2003 that provided possibly the most stringent GMO regulations in the world. All GMOs, along with irradiated food, are considered \"new food\" and subject to extensive, case-by-case, science-based food evaluation by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).  The criteria for authorization fall in four broad categories: \"safety,\" \"freedom of choice,\" \"labelling,\" and \"traceability.\"",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","82_8","Where does the European approach to traceability of GMO food labels differ from that of the United States ?","The regulatory approach used in Europe requires new and separate laws that are specific to genetically engineered (â€˜GMOâ€™) foods and crops. By contrast, the United States regulates GMOs for food safety and for environmental safety using the laws that were already in place to govern non-GMO foods and crops. â€¢",2,null,"How different are the European standards for GMO food from the ones in the US ?","The approaches taken by governments to assess and manage the risks associated with the use of genetic engineering technology and the development and release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) vary from country to country, with some of the most marked differences occurring between the United States and Europe. The U.S. regulatory policy is governed by the Coordinated Framework for Regulation of Biotechnology The policy has three tenets:  \"(1) U.S. policy would focus on the product of genetic modification (GM) techniques, not the process itself, (2) only regulation grounded in verifiable scientific risks would be tolerated, and (3) GM products are on a continuum with existing products and, therefore, existing statutes are sufficient to review the products.\" European Union by contrast enacted  regulatory laws in 2003 that provided possibly the most stringent GMO regulations in the world. All GMOs, along with irradiated food, are considered \"new food\" and subject to extensive, case-by-case, science-based food evaluation by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).  The criteria for authorization fall in four broad categories: \"safety,\" \"freedom of choice,\" \"labelling,\" and \"traceability.\"",2,"","What are the differences between the European Union and the United States in regards to GMO Food labeling ?","The approaches taken by governments to assess and manage the risks associated with the use of genetic engineering technology and the development and release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) vary from country to country, with some of the most marked differences occurring between the United States and Europe. The U.S. regulatory policy is governed by the Coordinated Framework for Regulation of Biotechnology The policy has three tenets:  \"(1) U.S. policy would focus on the product of genetic modification (GM) techniques, not the process itself, (2) only regulation grounded in verifiable scientific risks would be tolerated, and (3) GM products are on a continuum with existing products and, therefore, existing statutes are sufficient to review the products.\" European Union by contrast enacted  regulatory laws in 2003 that provided possibly the most stringent GMO regulations in the world. All GMOs, along with irradiated food, are considered \"new food\" and subject to extensive, case-by-case, science-based food evaluation by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).  The criteria for authorization fall in four broad categories: \"safety,\" \"freedom of choice,\" \"labelling,\" and \"traceability.\"",2,null,"What 's the difference between the European and US approaches to GMO Food labeling ?","The regulatory approach used in Europe requires new and separate laws that are specific to genetically engineered (â€˜GMOâ€™) foods and crops. By contrast, the United States regulates GMOs for food safety and for environmental safety using the laws that were already in place to govern non-GMO foods and crops. â€¢",2,null,16,true,"82_8_MARCO_6858676","MARCO_6858676","82_8_CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243","CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243","82_8_CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243","CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243",null,"What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","MARCO_6858676","82_8_MARCO_6858676","When producers, importers or authorities test a sample for the unintended presence of GMOs, they usually do not know which GMO to expect. While EU authorities prefer an event-specific approach to this problem, US authorities rely on construct-specific test schemes.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","82_9","What are the pros and cons of using the DNA - based method to detect contamination in GMO food ?","The construct-specific detection methods can either be DNA or protein based. DNA based detection looks for a part of the foreign DNA inserted in a GMO. For technical reasons, certain DNA sequences are shared by several GMOs. Protein-based methods detect the product of the transgene, for example the Bt toxin. Since different GMOs may produce the same protein, construct-specific detection can test a sample for several GMOs in one step, but is unable to tell precisely which of the similar GMOs are present. Especially in the USA, protein-based detection is used for the construct-specific approach.",4,null,"What is the DNA - based method for tracing GMO food ?","The construct-specific detection methods can either be DNA or protein based. DNA based detection looks for a part of the foreign DNA inserted in a GMO. For technical reasons, certain DNA sequences are shared by several GMOs. Protein-based methods detect the product of the transgene, for example the Bt toxin. Since different GMOs may produce the same protein, construct-specific detection can test a sample for several GMOs in one step, but is unable to tell precisely which of the similar GMOs are present. Especially in the USA, protein-based detection is used for the construct-specific approach.",4,"","How is the DNA - based method used to test for contamination ?","The method works by pairing the targeted genetic sequence with custom designed complementary bits of DNA called primers. In the presence of the target sequence, the primers match with it and trigger a chain reaction. DNA replication enzymes use the primers as docking points and start doubling the target sequences. The process is repeated over and over again by sequential heating and cooling until doubling and redoubling has multiplied the target sequence several million-fold. The millions of identical fragments are then purified in a slab of gel, dyed, and can be seen with UV light. It is not prone to contamination. Irrespective of the variety of methods used for DNA analysis, only PCR in its different formats has been widely applied in GMO detection/analysis and generally accepted for regulatory compliance purposes. Detection methods based on DNA rely on the complementarity of two strands of DNA double helix that hybridize in a sequence-specific manner. The DNA of GMO consists of several elements that govern its functioning. The elements are promoter sequence, structural gene and stop sequence for the gene.",4,null,"How does the DNA - based method work ?","The method works by pairing the targeted genetic sequence with custom designed complementary bits of DNA called primers. In the presence of the target sequence, the primers match with it and trigger a chain reaction. DNA replication enzymes use the primers as docking points and start doubling the target sequences. The process is repeated over and over again by sequential heating and cooling until doubling and redoubling has multiplied the target sequence several million-fold. The millions of identical fragments are then purified in a slab of gel, dyed, and can be seen with UV light. It is not prone to contamination. Irrespective of the variety of methods used for DNA analysis, only PCR in its different formats has been widely applied in GMO detection/analysis and generally accepted for regulatory compliance purposes. Detection methods based on DNA rely on the complementarity of two strands of DNA double helix that hybridize in a sequence-specific manner. The DNA of GMO consists of several elements that govern its functioning. The elements are promoter sequence, structural gene and stop sequence for the gene.",4,null,17,false,"82_9_CAR_5669ae19c48aee4d3cb399c9fac8fb123be5aa7e","CAR_5669ae19c48aee4d3cb399c9fac8fb123be5aa7e","82_9_CAR_5669ae19c48aee4d3cb399c9fac8fb123be5aa7e","CAR_5669ae19c48aee4d3cb399c9fac8fb123be5aa7e","82_9_CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331","CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331",null,"How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331","82_9_CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331","The method works by pairing the targeted genetic sequence with custom designed complementary bits of DNA called primers. In the presence of the target sequence, the primers match with it and trigger a chain reaction. DNA replication enzymes use the primers as docking points and start doubling the target sequences. The process is repeated over and over again by sequential heating and cooling until doubling and redoubling has multiplied the target sequence several million-fold. The millions of identical fragments are then purified in a slab of gel, dyed, and can be seen with UV light. It is not prone to contamination. Irrespective of the variety of methods used for DNA analysis, only PCR in its different formats has been widely applied in GMO detection/analysis and generally accepted for regulatory compliance purposes. Detection methods based on DNA rely on the complementarity of two strands of DNA double helix that hybridize in a sequence-specific manner. The DNA of GMO consists of several elements that govern its functioning. The elements are promoter sequence, structural gene and stop sequence for the gene.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","82_9","What are the pros and cons of using the DNA - based method to detect contamination in GMO food ?","Currently, it is highly unlikely that the presence of unexpected or even unknown GMOs will be detected, since either the DNA sequence of the transgene or its product, the protein, must be known for detection. In addition, even testing for known GMOs is time-consuming and costly, as current reliable detection methods can test for only one GMO at a time. Therefore, research programmes such as Co-Extra are developing improved and alternative testing methods, for example DNA microarrays.",4,null,"What is the DNA - based method for tracing GMO food ?","The method works by pairing the targeted genetic sequence with custom designed complementary bits of DNA called primers. In the presence of the target sequence, the primers match with it and trigger a chain reaction. DNA replication enzymes use the primers as docking points and start doubling the target sequences. The process is repeated over and over again by sequential heating and cooling until doubling and redoubling has multiplied the target sequence several million-fold. The millions of identical fragments are then purified in a slab of gel, dyed, and can be seen with UV light. It is not prone to contamination. Irrespective of the variety of methods used for DNA analysis, only PCR in its different formats has been widely applied in GMO detection/analysis and generally accepted for regulatory compliance purposes. Detection methods based on DNA rely on the complementarity of two strands of DNA double helix that hybridize in a sequence-specific manner. The DNA of GMO consists of several elements that govern its functioning. The elements are promoter sequence, structural gene and stop sequence for the gene.",4,"","How is the DNA - based method used to test for contamination ?","In September 2000, safety experts from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Duke University, and Science Applications International Corporation reviewed the post-decontamination quality assurance test data and concluded that there was no evidence of any residual contamination in the building. The success of the decontamination was tested the following month, when examination of an additional 790 samples revealed no trace of living or dead B. anthracis. These samples were analyzed by either conventional culture methods or by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a more sensitive DNA-based test.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How does the DNA - based method work ?","Although allozymes can detect variations in DNA, it is by an indirect method and not very accurate. DNA-based markers were developed in the 1960s. These markers are much more effective at distinguishing between DNA variants. Today these are the most commonly used markers. DNA-based markers work by surveying nucleotides, which can serve a variety of functions, such as detecting differences in nucleotides or even quantifying the number of mutations.",0,null,17,false,"82_9_CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","82_9_CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331","CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331","82_9_CAR_708ad8bae0510c5001d6d81aea6f0192ed2c83dc","CAR_708ad8bae0510c5001d6d81aea6f0192ed2c83dc",null,"How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","CAR_b7ba16342e3ddcf5de055a00fb15c19afc40b78d","82_9_CAR_b7ba16342e3ddcf5de055a00fb15c19afc40b78d","The construct-specific detection methods can either be DNA or protein based. DNA based detection looks for a part of the foreign DNA inserted in a GMO. For technical reasons, certain DNA sequences are shared by several GMOs. Protein-based methods detect the product of the transgene, for example the Bt toxin. Since different GMOs may produce the same protein, construct-specific detection can test a sample for several GMOs in one step, but is unable to tell precisely which of the similar GMOs are present. Especially in the USA, protein-based detection is used for the construct-specific approach.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","82_9","What are the pros and cons of using the DNA - based method to detect contamination in GMO food ?","The method works by pairing the targeted genetic sequence with custom designed complementary bits of DNA called primers. In the presence of the target sequence, the primers match with it and trigger a chain reaction. DNA replication enzymes use the primers as docking points and start doubling the target sequences. The process is repeated over and over again by sequential heating and cooling until doubling and redoubling has multiplied the target sequence several million-fold. The millions of identical fragments are then purified in a slab of gel, dyed, and can be seen with UV light. It is not prone to contamination. Irrespective of the variety of methods used for DNA analysis, only PCR in its different formats has been widely applied in GMO detection/analysis and generally accepted for regulatory compliance purposes. Detection methods based on DNA rely on the complementarity of two strands of DNA double helix that hybridize in a sequence-specific manner. The DNA of GMO consists of several elements that govern its functioning. The elements are promoter sequence, structural gene and stop sequence for the gene.",4,null,"What is the DNA - based method for tracing GMO food ?","Genetic modification involves insertion of foreign DNA into the nucleus of a normal cell where it integrates with the host DNA. Genetic analysis uses molecular techniques to detect the inserted transgenic DNA (GMO) in a sample. The method most commonly used for this purpose is PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). The PCR technique amplifies (copies) the DNA billions of times in order for detection and quantitation to be possible.",3,"","How is the DNA - based method used to test for contamination ?","Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a DNA based method of testing used to selectively target and replicate a specific region of DNA. Conventional PCR uses a forward and reverse primer containing nucleotides specifically arranged to compliment the target region of interest.",0,null,"How does the DNA - based method work ?","The construct-specific detection methods can either be DNA or protein based. DNA based detection looks for a part of the foreign DNA inserted in a GMO. For technical reasons, certain DNA sequences are shared by several GMOs. Protein-based methods detect the product of the transgene, for example the Bt toxin. Since different GMOs may produce the same protein, construct-specific detection can test a sample for several GMOs in one step, but is unable to tell precisely which of the similar GMOs are present. Especially in the USA, protein-based detection is used for the construct-specific approach.",4,null,17,false,"82_9_CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331","CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331","82_9_MARCO_480559","MARCO_480559","82_9_MARCO_3466783","MARCO_3466783",null,"How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","CAR_5669ae19c48aee4d3cb399c9fac8fb123be5aa7e","82_9_CAR_5669ae19c48aee4d3cb399c9fac8fb123be5aa7e","Primers bind to an area of the DNA near or within the GMO sequence such that only this area of the DNA genome is amplified. Because the primers are specific to the transgenic DNA sequence and because the DNA is amplified many billion-fold in this process, PCR is a highly sensitive and specific GMO detection method. There are various ways to detect GM DNA in a sample, based on the structure of the foreign DNA sequence, or transgene.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","82_10","Can Co - Extra make the DNA - based method more accurate ?","Currently, it is highly unlikely that the presence of unexpected or even unknown GMOs will be detected, since either the DNA sequence of the transgene or its product, the protein, must be known for detection. In addition, even testing for known GMOs is time-consuming and costly, as current reliable detection methods can test for only one GMO at a time. Therefore, research programmes such as Co-Extra are developing improved and alternative testing methods, for example DNA microarrays.",4,null,"Does Co - Extra improve the traceability of GMO food ?","While SIGMEA was focused on co-existence at the farm level, Co-Extra studies co-existence along the whole production chain, and has a second focus on the traceability of GMOs, since co-existence cannot work without traceability. To be able to monitor and enforce compliance with co-existence regulations, authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs.",0,"","How can Co - Extra improve the DNA - based method used to test for contamination further ?","Currently, it is highly unlikely that the presence of unexpected or even unknown GMOs will be detected, since either the DNA sequence of the transgene or its product, the protein, must be known for detection. In addition, even testing for known GMOs is time-consuming and costly, as current reliable detection methods can test for only one GMO at a time. Therefore, research programmes such as Co-Extra are developing improved and alternative testing methods, for example DNA microarrays.",4,null,"How could Co - Extra improve the DNA - based method of testing for contamination ?","Currently, it is highly unlikely that the presence of unexpected or even unknown GMOs will be detected, since either the DNA sequence of the transgene or its product, the protein, must be known for detection. In addition, even testing for known GMOs is time-consuming and costly, as current reliable detection methods can test for only one GMO at a time. Therefore, research programmes such as Co-Extra are developing improved and alternative testing methods, for example DNA microarrays.",4,null,18,true,"82_10_CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","82_10_CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","82_10_CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35",null,"How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","82_10_CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","Currently, it is highly unlikely that the presence of unexpected or even unknown GMOs will be detected, since either the DNA sequence of the transgene or its product, the protein, must be known for detection. In addition, even testing for known GMOs is time-consuming and costly, as current reliable detection methods can test for only one GMO at a time. Therefore, research programmes such as Co-Extra are developing improved and alternative testing methods, for example DNA microarrays.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","82_10","Can Co - Extra make the DNA - based method more accurate ?","A priori, RQ-PCR is likely to be more accurate and precise than the serial dilution method because male DNA percentages can be expressed as any value between 0% and 100% by RQ-PCR whereas, based on a fivefold dilution series, male DNA percentages can be scored only as one option among a discrete set of percentages, i.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Does Co - Extra improve the traceability of GMO food ?","Co-Extra was an EU-funded research programme on co-existence and traceability of genetically modified crops and their edible derivatives that ran from 2005-2009. It was granted €13.5 million under the Sixth Framework Programme of the European Union, and is conducted by more than 200 scientists in 52 organisations in 18 countries.",0,"","How can Co - Extra improve the DNA - based method used to test for contamination further ?","Improving PCR based detection of GMOs is a further goal of the European research programme Co-Extra. Research is now underway to develop multiplex PCR methods that can simultaneously detect many different transgenic lines. Another major challenge is the increasing prevalence of transgenic crops with stacked traits. This refers to transgenic cultivars derived from crosses between transgenic parent lines, combining the transgenic traits of both parents. One GM maize variety now awaiting a decision by the European Commission, MON863 x MON810 x NK603, has three stacked traits. It is resistant to an herbicide and to two different kinds of insect pests. Some combined testing methods could give results that would triple the actual GM content of a sample containing this GMO.",4,null,"How could Co - Extra improve the DNA - based method of testing for contamination ?","Improving PCR based detection of GMOs is a further goal of the European research programme Co-Extra. Research is now underway to develop multiplex PCR methods that can simultaneously detect many different transgenic lines. Another major challenge is the increasing prevalence of transgenic crops with stacked traits. This refers to transgenic cultivars derived from crosses between transgenic parent lines, combining the transgenic traits of both parents. One GM maize variety now awaiting a decision by the European Commission, MON863 x MON810 x NK603, has three stacked traits. It is resistant to an herbicide and to two different kinds of insect pests. Some combined testing methods could give results that would triple the actual GM content of a sample containing this GMO.",4,null,18,true,"82_10_MARCO_1790585","MARCO_1790585","82_10_CAR_8d02588a98fbc9b03520749daa022522dd2638d0","CAR_8d02588a98fbc9b03520749daa022522dd2638d0","82_10_CAR_fa6845f7274f80985362fd9bbe9895e92a55189a","CAR_fa6845f7274f80985362fd9bbe9895e92a55189a",null,"How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","CAR_fa6845f7274f80985362fd9bbe9895e92a55189a","82_10_CAR_fa6845f7274f80985362fd9bbe9895e92a55189a","Improving PCR based detection of GMOs is a further goal of the European research programme Co-Extra. Research is now underway to develop multiplex PCR methods that can simultaneously detect many different transgenic lines. Another major challenge is the increasing prevalence of transgenic crops with stacked traits. This refers to transgenic cultivars derived from crosses between transgenic parent lines, combining the transgenic traits of both parents. One GM maize variety now awaiting a decision by the European Commission, MON863 x MON810 x NK603, has three stacked traits. It is resistant to an herbicide and to two different kinds of insect pests. Some combined testing methods could give results that would triple the actual GM content of a sample containing this GMO.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","82_10","Can Co - Extra make the DNA - based method more accurate ?","In addition to agricultural measures, there may be also biological tools to prevent the genetically modified crop from fertilising conventional fields. Researchers are investigating methods either to prevent GM crops from producing pollen at all (for example male-sterile plants), or to develop GM crops with pollen that nonetheless does not contain the additional, genetically engineered material. In an example of the latter, transplastomic plants can be generated in which the genetic modification has been integrated in the DNA of chloroplasts - the cell nucleus contains no transgenes and thus the pollen contains no chloroplasts and thus no transgenes. Two important research projects on co-existence are and Co-Extra. With the end of the de facto moratorium on genetically modified plants in Europe, several research programmes (e.g. SIGMEA, Co-Extra, and Transcontainer) have begun investigating biological containment strategies for GMOs.",1,null,"Does Co - Extra improve the traceability of GMO food ?","The EU implemented regulations specifically governing co-existence and traceability. Traceability has become commonplace in the food and feed supply chains of most countries, but GMO traceability is more challenging given strict legal thresholds for unwanted mixing. Since 2001, conventional and organic food and feedstuffs can contain up to 0.9% of authorised modified material without carrying a GMO label. (any trace of non-authorised modification is cause for a shipment to be rejected). Authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs, and the several countries and interested parties created a non-governmental organization, Co-Extra, to develop such methods.",0,"","How can Co - Extra improve the DNA - based method used to test for contamination further ?","With regard to supporting cost-effective documentary traceability, Co-Extra was aimed at devising reliable, analytical detection methods, and at establishing the most appropriate methods of collecting, organising and distributing information. A core programme objective was the provision, to all stakeholders of food and feed chains, of a central decision-support system incorporating all necessary institutional tools, methods, models and guidelines.",0,null,"How could Co - Extra improve the DNA - based method of testing for contamination ?","â€¢ Many casework samples contain impurities that can. co-purify with the DNA and affect PCR based. testing. â€¢ A better understanding of what is causing PCR. inhibition and the basic mechanism(s) underlying. PCR is needed before strategies to overcome. inhibition are developed.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,18,true,"82_10_CAR_1dfebcaadf2e2abbb4a84b141755d0601a8edcf0","CAR_1dfebcaadf2e2abbb4a84b141755d0601a8edcf0","82_10_CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","82_10_CAR_c3b5e081e8f27c9de016dc54037c8c2208f1bbd6","CAR_c3b5e081e8f27c9de016dc54037c8c2208f1bbd6",null,"How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","MARCO_6906655","82_10_MARCO_6906655","Whether or not a GMO is present in a sample can be tested by Q-PCR, but also by multiplex PCR. Multiplex PCR uses multiple, unique primer sets within a single PCR reaction to produce amplicons of varying sizes specific to different DNA sequences, i.e. different transgenes. By targeting multiple genes at once, additional information may be gained from a single test run that otherwise would require several times the reagents and more time to perform. Annealing temperatures for each of the primer sets must be optimized to work correctly within a single reaction, and amplicon sizes, i.e., their base pair length, should be different enough to form distinct bands when visualized by gel electrophoresis.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are some interesting facts about bees?","83_1","What are some mind - blowing facts about bees ?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. 5  Honey never spoils.",3,null,"What are some awesome facts about bees ?","Fun facts about bees: Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. Worker honeybees are female. The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. Honey never spoils. To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,"","What are unique facts about bees ?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. 5  Honey never spoils.",3,null,"What are some interesting facts about bees ?","Fun facts about bees: Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. Worker honeybees are female. The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. Honey never spoils. To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,19,false,"83_1_MARCO_270579","MARCO_270579","83_1_MARCO_270580","MARCO_270580","83_1_MARCO_270579","MARCO_270579",null,"What are some interesting facts about bees?","MARCO_270580","83_1_MARCO_270580","Fun facts about bees: Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. Worker honeybees are female. The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. Honey never spoils. To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are some interesting facts about bees?","83_1","What are some mind - blowing facts about bees ?","Fun facts about bees: Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. Worker honeybees are female. The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. Honey never spoils. To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,"What are some awesome facts about bees ?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. 5  Honey never spoils.",3,"","What are unique facts about bees ?","Fun facts about bees: Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. Worker honeybees are female. The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. Honey never spoils. To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,"What are some interesting facts about bees ?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. 5  Honey never spoils.",3,null,19,false,"83_1_MARCO_270580","MARCO_270580","83_1_MARCO_270579","MARCO_270579","83_1_MARCO_270580","MARCO_270580",null,"What are some interesting facts about bees?","MARCO_270579","83_1_MARCO_270579","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. 5  Honey never spoils.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are some interesting facts about bees?","83_1","What are some mind - blowing facts about bees ?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. 5  Honey never spoils. 6  To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,"What are some awesome facts about bees ?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. 5  Honey never spoils. 6  To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,"","What are unique facts about bees ?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. 5  Honey never spoils. 6  To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,"What are some interesting facts about bees ?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. 5  Honey never spoils. 6  To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,19,false,"83_1_MARCO_270578","MARCO_270578","83_1_MARCO_270578","MARCO_270578","83_1_MARCO_270578","MARCO_270578",null,"What are some interesting facts about bees?","MARCO_270578","83_1_MARCO_270578","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. 5  Honey never spoils. 6  To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why doesn't honey spoil?","83_2","Why does honey from bees not rot ?","The nectar collected is what the worker bee uses to make honey. So the bee arrives at a flower, and proceeds to drink as much nectar as she can hold. She then passes the nectar to another worker bee (the nectar is held on her tongue) so the water in it can evaporate. This way it is highly concentrated, and never spoils. Seriously, the honey bee is brilliant!",3,null,"Why does n't honey from bees spoil ?","The water content of honey is a key factor in why it doesnâ€™t spoil. At 17%, its water content is much lower than that of bacteria or fungi. Honey also has a low water activity; this is a measure of the amount of water in a substance that is available to support microbial growth.",3,"","Why does honey from bees not spoil ?","The water content of honey is a key factor in why it doesnâ€™t spoil. At 17%, its water content is much lower than that of bacteria or fungi. Honey also has a low water activity; this is a measure of the amount of water in a substance that is available to support microbial growth.",3,null,"Why does n't honey from bees spoil ?","The water content of honey is a key factor in why it doesnâ€™t spoil. At 17%, its water content is much lower than that of bacteria or fungi. Honey also has a low water activity; this is a measure of the amount of water in a substance that is available to support microbial growth.",3,null,20,true,"83_2_MARCO_1954594","MARCO_1954594","83_2_MARCO_7679417","MARCO_7679417","83_2_MARCO_7679417","MARCO_7679417",null,"Why doesn't honey spoil?","MARCO_7679417","83_2_MARCO_7679417","The water content of honey is a key factor in why it doesnâ€™t spoil. At 17%, its water content is much lower than that of bacteria or fungi. Honey also has a low water activity; this is a measure of the amount of water in a substance that is available to support microbial growth.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why doesn't honey spoil?","83_2","Why does honey from bees not rot ?","Honey is the complex substance made from nectar and sweet deposits from plants and trees which are gathered, modified and stored in the comb by honey bees. Honey is a biological mixture of inverted sugars, primarily glucose and fructose. It has antibacterial and anti fungal properties. Honey from the Western honey bee, along with the bee Tetragonisca angustula, has specific antibacterial activity towards an infection causing bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus. Honey will not rot or ferment when stored under normal conditions, however it will crystallize over time. Although crystallized honey is acceptable for human use, bees can only use liquid honey and will remove and discard crystallized honey from the hive.",3,null,"Why does n't honey from bees spoil ?","The nectar collected is what the worker bee uses to make honey. So the bee arrives at a flower, and proceeds to drink as much nectar as she can hold. She then passes the nectar to another worker bee (the nectar is held on her tongue) so the water in it can evaporate. This way it is highly concentrated, and never spoils. Seriously, the honey bee is brilliant!",3,"","Why does honey from bees not spoil ?","The nectar collected is what the worker bee uses to make honey. So the bee arrives at a flower, and proceeds to drink as much nectar as she can hold. She then passes the nectar to another worker bee (the nectar is held on her tongue) so the water in it can evaporate. This way it is highly concentrated, and never spoils. Seriously, the honey bee is brilliant!",3,null,"Why does n't honey from bees spoil ?","The nectar collected is what the worker bee uses to make honey. So the bee arrives at a flower, and proceeds to drink as much nectar as she can hold. She then passes the nectar to another worker bee (the nectar is held on her tongue) so the water in it can evaporate. This way it is highly concentrated, and never spoils. Seriously, the honey bee is brilliant!",3,null,20,true,"83_2_CAR_634361bc8e55a32455034e96ac59999a0213c5d1","CAR_634361bc8e55a32455034e96ac59999a0213c5d1","83_2_MARCO_1954594","MARCO_1954594","83_2_MARCO_1954594","MARCO_1954594",null,"Why doesn't honey spoil?","MARCO_1954594","83_2_MARCO_1954594","Very few bacteria or microorganisms can survive in an environment like that, they just die. Theyâ€™re smothered by it, essentially.â€\u009d What Harris points out represents an important feature of honeyâ€™s longevity: for honey to spoil, there needs to be something inside of it that can spoil. With such an inhospitable environment, organisms canâ€™t survive long enough within the jar of honey to have the chance to spoil. Honey is also naturally extremely acidic. â€œIt has a pH that falls between 3 and 4.5, approximately, and that acid will kill off almost anything that wants to grow there,â€\u009d Harris explains.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why doesn't honey spoil?","83_2","Why does honey from bees not rot ?","Leaving the hive, foraging bees collect sugar-rich flower nectar and return to the hive where they use their \"honey stomachs\" to ingest and regurgitate the nectar repeatedly until it is partially digested. Bee digestive enzymes - invertase, amylase, and diastase - and gastric acid hydrolyze sucrose to a mixture of glucose and fructose. The bees work together as a group with the regurgitation and digestion for as long as 20 minutes until the product reaches storage quality. It is then placed in honeycomb cells left unsealed while still high in water content (about 20%) and natural yeasts, which, unchecked, would cause the sugars in the newly formed honey to ferment. The process continues as hive bees flutter their wings constantly to circulate air and evaporate water from the honey to a content around 18%, raising the sugar concentration, and preventing fermentation. The bees then cap the cells with wax to seal them. As removed from the hive by a beekeeper, honey has a long shelf life and will not ferment if properly sealed.",2,null,"Why does n't honey from bees spoil ?","Very few bacteria or microorganisms can survive in an environment like that, they just die. Theyâ€™re smothered by it, essentially.â€\u009d What Harris points out represents an important feature of honeyâ€™s longevity: for honey to spoil, there needs to be something inside of it that can spoil. With such an inhospitable environment, organisms canâ€™t survive long enough within the jar of honey to have the chance to spoil. Honey is also naturally extremely acidic. â€œIt has a pH that falls between 3 and 4.5, approximately, and that acid will kill off almost anything that wants to grow there,â€\u009d Harris explains.",3,"","Why does honey from bees not spoil ?","Honey does not spoil because of the high sugar and low moisture content. Make sure the honey is actual bee honey and not corn syrup. The plastic tubs of jelly with the top peel may last 2 â€“ 3 years. Plastic creamers and margarine cups expire quickly and must be refrigerated.",2,null,"Why does n't honey from bees spoil ?","Very few bacteria or microorganisms can survive in an environment like that, they just die. Theyâ€™re smothered by it, essentially.â€\u009d What Harris points out represents an important feature of honeyâ€™s longevity: for honey to spoil, there needs to be something inside of it that can spoil. With such an inhospitable environment, organisms canâ€™t survive long enough within the jar of honey to have the chance to spoil. Honey is also naturally extremely acidic. â€œIt has a pH that falls between 3 and 4.5, approximately, and that acid will kill off almost anything that wants to grow there,â€\u009d Harris explains.",3,null,20,true,"83_2_CAR_e5d7e34db4b630393a14f07a38a434e40f6fe96a","CAR_e5d7e34db4b630393a14f07a38a434e40f6fe96a","83_2_MARCO_6987560","MARCO_6987560","83_2_MARCO_5533423","MARCO_5533423",null,"Why doesn't honey spoil?","MARCO_6987560","83_2_MARCO_6987560","Most microorganisms do not grow in honey, so sealed honey does not spoil, even after thousands of years. However, honey sometimes contains dormant endospores of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which can be dangerous to babies, as it may result in botulism.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why are so many bees dying?","83_3","Why are bees dying ?","Bees are dying at an alarming rate, and possibly because of manmade climate change; their demise might make growing the food we eat impossible. We have constructed a cultural life that forces the pressing questions of the environment and food supply outside of our field of view, and abdicated our own responsibilities to nature in favor of unsustainable, constant stimulation.",2,null,"Why do bees die ?","Often the bee colony will die over the winter, usually due. to insufficient population to maintain adequate temperature for the bees to survive; insufficient. reserves of honey, so the colony starves to death over winter; or the colony succumbs to parasitic mites.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Why are bees dying ?","Often the bee colony will die over the winter, usually due. to insufficient population to maintain adequate temperature for the bees to survive; insufficient. reserves of honey, so the colony starves to death over winter; or the colony succumbs to parasitic mites.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Why are so many bees dying ?","Some researchers, beekeepers and journalists have argued that migratory beekeeping is one of the primary reasons that so many bees die each winter as well as an explanation for colony collapse disorder (CCD)â€”the sudden and mysterious disappearance of an entire hive's residents, save for the queen and a few stragglers.",3,null,21,false,"83_3_MARCO_3867577","MARCO_3867577","83_3_MARCO_6680684","MARCO_6680684","83_3_MARCO_6680684","MARCO_6680684",null,"Why are so many bees dying?","MARCO_4725320","83_3_MARCO_4725320","Some researchers, beekeepers and journalists have argued that migratory beekeeping is one of the primary reasons that so many bees die each winter as well as an explanation for colony collapse disorder (CCD)â€”the sudden and mysterious disappearance of an entire hive's residents, save for the queen and a few stragglers.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},2,2]
["Why are so many bees dying?","83_3","Why are bees dying ?","Colony collapse disorder is not the only possible culprit for why bee populations are in flux. The big specter looming over the hives? Climate change. Which might explain why, in the last few months, the text string â€œbees are dying globally at an alarming rateâ€\u009d is appearing more and more frequently on social media. One of the first recent tweets to use the global bee die-off as a punch line, albeit in slightly altered form, appeared last September during the Popeâ€™s visit to the United States, when @topshelftyson posted:",2,null,"Why do bees die ?","We return to our Just Ask feature, where experts tackle your questions on science and technology. Why do honeybees die when they sting? When a honeybee stings, it dies a gruesome death. The beeâ€™s stinger is structured in such a way that once it punctures human skin, the bee canâ€™t yank it out without self-amputating.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why are bees dying ?","In the 1990s, beekeepers started recording major losses of worker honeybees during the winter months. Since then, there have been mass die offs in many of the other 4,000 species of bees. In 2006, the phenomenon was bestowed with the name colony collapse disorder. No one is exactly sure why the bees are dying off in unprecedented numbers, but some theories include the loss of flower meadows, varroa mites that eat the beesâ€™ blood, climate change, and the use of pesticides. Thankfully, bees are a long way from becoming extinct.",3,null,"Why are so many bees dying ?","Bees are dying at an alarming rate, and possibly because of manmade climate change; their demise might make growing the food we eat impossible. We have constructed a cultural life that forces the pressing questions of the environment and food supply outside of our field of view, and abdicated our own responsibilities to nature in favor of unsustainable, constant stimulation.",2,null,21,false,"83_3_MARCO_3867573","MARCO_3867573","83_3_MARCO_5959874","MARCO_5959874","83_3_MARCO_4812753","MARCO_4812753",null,"Why are so many bees dying?","MARCO_3867577","83_3_MARCO_3867577","Bees are dying at an alarming rate, and possibly because of manmade climate change; their demise might make growing the food we eat impossible. We have constructed a cultural life that forces the pressing questions of the environment and food supply outside of our field of view, and abdicated our own responsibilities to nature in favor of unsustainable, constant stimulation.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why are so many bees dying?","83_3","Why are bees dying ?","In the 1990s, beekeepers started recording major losses of worker honeybees during the winter months. Since then, there have been mass die offs in many of the other 4,000 species of bees. In 2006, the phenomenon was bestowed with the name colony collapse disorder. No one is exactly sure why the bees are dying off in unprecedented numbers, but some theories include the loss of flower meadows, varroa mites that eat the beesâ€™ blood, climate change, and the use of pesticides. Thankfully, bees are a long way from becoming extinct.",3,null,"Why do bees die ?","1 Killer bees have been known to chase people for over a 1/4 mile once they get excited and aggressive.  Certain species of bees die after stinging because their stingers, which are attached to their abdomen, have little barbs or hooks on them. When this type of bee tries to fly away after stinging something, part of the abdomen is ripped away.",0,null,"Why are bees dying ?","Colony collapse disorder is not the only possible culprit for why bee populations are in flux. The big specter looming over the hives? Climate change. Which might explain why, in the last few months, the text string â€œbees are dying globally at an alarming rateâ€\u009d is appearing more and more frequently on social media. One of the first recent tweets to use the global bee die-off as a punch line, albeit in slightly altered form, appeared last September during the Popeâ€™s visit to the United States, when @topshelftyson posted:",2,null,"Why are so many bees dying ?","In the 1990s, beekeepers started recording major losses of worker honeybees during the winter months. Since then, there have been mass die offs in many of the other 4,000 species of bees. In 2006, the phenomenon was bestowed with the name colony collapse disorder. No one is exactly sure why the bees are dying off in unprecedented numbers, but some theories include the loss of flower meadows, varroa mites that eat the beesâ€™ blood, climate change, and the use of pesticides. Thankfully, bees are a long way from becoming extinct.",3,null,21,false,"83_3_MARCO_4812753","MARCO_4812753","83_3_MARCO_6551913","MARCO_6551913","83_3_MARCO_3867573","MARCO_3867573",null,"Why are so many bees dying?","MARCO_4812753","83_3_MARCO_4812753","In the 1990s, beekeepers started recording major losses of worker honeybees during the winter months. Since then, there have been mass die offs in many of the other 4,000 species of bees. In 2006, the phenomenon was bestowed with the name colony collapse disorder. No one is exactly sure why the bees are dying off in unprecedented numbers, but some theories include the loss of flower meadows, varroa mites that eat the beesâ€™ blood, climate change, and the use of pesticides. Thankfully, bees are a long way from becoming extinct.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What can be done to stop bees from dying?","83_4","How do I prevent bees from dying ?","1 Ensure all used beekeeping tools and supplies are free from residues of pollen, wax, propolis, honey and comb. 2  If it cannot be properly cleaned, then do not use it. 3  Do not use out-of-date, second hand medications, feeds or other substances in your bee hive or on your bees.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How can I save bees from dying ?","Lisa attempts to convince the town to save the bee population, but despite her logical protest that they always get into trouble when they ignore her advice, she fails when Burns informs everyone about the amazing features of his arena and threatens to trade the Excitement's recent draft pick and fan favorite, Alaskan native and Eskimo Muk Mu. Lisa becomes depressed that the bee population is slowly dying. Homer and Moe attempt to help save the bees by mating a queen bee from Lisa's hive with Moe's Africanized bees to create a hybrid bee species strong enough to survive anywhere. On the night of the grand opening of Burns' sports arena, Homer takes Lisa to the top of a hill and shows her the hive containing the hybrid bees. When Homer accidentally releases them, the bees attack Burns' arena which resembles a bee hive. In the end, the arena is declared a bee sanctuary, enabling the bees to survive. At the next billionaires' retreat, Mr. Burns reveals how much the bees cost him. After it is discovered that he is four million dollars short of a billion he is kicked out of the retreat and into the millionaires' camp. Much to his horror, these millionaires got rich thanks to their low-class businesses, such as a minor-league hockey team.",1,null,"What should be done to stop bees from dying ?","Lisa attempts to convince the town to save the bee population, but despite her logical protest that they always get into trouble when they ignore her advice, she fails when Burns informs everyone about the amazing features of his arena and threatens to trade the Excitement's recent draft pick and fan favorite, Alaskan native and Eskimo Muk Mu. Lisa becomes depressed that the bee population is slowly dying. Homer and Moe attempt to help save the bees by mating a queen bee from Lisa's hive with Moe's Africanized bees to create a hybrid bee species strong enough to survive anywhere. On the night of the grand opening of Burns' sports arena, Homer takes Lisa to the top of a hill and shows her the hive containing the hybrid bees. When Homer accidentally releases them, the bees attack Burns' arena which resembles a bee hive. In the end, the arena is declared a bee sanctuary, enabling the bees to survive. At the next billionaires' retreat, Mr. Burns reveals how much the bees cost him. After it is discovered that he is four million dollars short of a billion he is kicked out of the retreat and into the millionaires' camp. Much to his horror, these millionaires got rich thanks to their low-class businesses, such as a minor-league hockey team.",1,null,"What can be done to stop bees from spoiling ?","Deterring Bees from Approaching an Area. 1  1. Drive bees away with smoke. Bees will flee from smoke, or become dazed and less aggressive if they inhale too much. 2  2. Use mothballs. Mothballs contain a powerful pesticide that can drive away or kill many insects, including bees. 3  3. Use bitter almond oil.",0,null,22,true,"83_4_MARCO_1005763","MARCO_1005763","83_4_CAR_2f9c2ad39769d1fcf36cd73a6e27aea2cf1c8632","CAR_2f9c2ad39769d1fcf36cd73a6e27aea2cf1c8632","83_4_CAR_2f9c2ad39769d1fcf36cd73a6e27aea2cf1c8632","CAR_2f9c2ad39769d1fcf36cd73a6e27aea2cf1c8632",null,"What can be done to stop bees from dying?","MARCO_6497563","83_4_MARCO_6497563","Deterring Bees from Approaching an Area. 1  1. Drive bees away with smoke. Bees will flee from smoke, or become dazed and less aggressive if they inhale too much. 2  2. Use mothballs. Mothballs contain a powerful pesticide that can drive away or kill many insects, including bees. 3  3. Use bitter almond oil.",0,null,1,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},1]
["What can be done to stop bees from dying?","83_4","How do I prevent bees from dying ?","According to Virgil in the fourth Georgic, at one time the bees of Aristaeus, son of Apollo, all died of a disease. Aristaeus went to his mother, Cyrene, for help; she told him that Proteus could tell him how to prevent another such disaster, but would do so only if compelled. Aristaeus had to seize Proteus and hold him, no matter what he would change into. Aristaeus did so, and Proteus eventually gave up and told him that the bees' death was a punishment for causing the death of Eurydice. To make amends, Aristaeus needed to sacrifice 12 animals to the gods, leave the carcasses in the place of sacrifice, and return three days later. He followed these instructions, and upon returning, he found in one of the carcasses a swarm of bees which he took to his apiary. The bees were never again troubled by disease.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How can I save bees from dying ?","I hope youâ€™ll consider trying one or more of these bee-friendly steps, in order from least to most commitment: 1  Leave weeds like dandelions and clover in your yard as a tasty snack for local bees. 2  Keep pesticides out of your garden and yard, as these chemicals can harm the hives. 3  Plant a bee garden! 4  Host a beehive.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What should be done to stop bees from dying ?","The bees need you. Honeybee colonies are dying at frightening rates. Since 2007, an average of 30% of all colonies have died every winter in the United States. This loss is about twice as high as what U.S. beekeepers consider economically tolerable.In the winter of 2012-13, 29% of all colonies died in Canada and 20% died in Europe.mpact Your World: What you can do to help save bees. Honeybees and wild bees are the most important pollinators of many of the fruits and vegetables we eat. Of 100 crop species that provide 90% of our global food supply, 71 are bee-pollinated.",1,null,"What can be done to stop bees from spoiling ?","With practice,the quick shake can be a very efficient way todislodge the bees from their comb.If a brush is used, it should be clean and usedonly for the purpose of brushing bees off honey-combs. This ensures that it does not contaminateyour honey with other substances.lso, leaving the hive open toolong may cause stress to the brood and encouragerobbing by other bees. Robbing will mean an endto honey gathering until the bees settle down.The advantages are that individual frames thatare completely ripe can be removed, leavingthose that still contain ripening nectar.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,22,true,"83_4_CAR_863216788b059af43536acdb7f1f45eb84d724c5","CAR_863216788b059af43536acdb7f1f45eb84d724c5","83_4_MARCO_1865511","MARCO_1865511","83_4_MARCO_1881748","MARCO_1881748",null,"What can be done to stop bees from dying?","MARCO_706480","83_4_MARCO_706480","Apart from colony collapse disorder, losses outside the US have been attributed to causes including pesticide seed dressings, such as Clothianidin, Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam. From 2013 the European Union restricted some pesticides to stop bee populations from declining further. In 2014 the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report warned that bees faced increased risk of extinction because of global warming.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,0,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What can be done to stop bees from dying?","83_4","How do I prevent bees from dying ?","Step 5 Pick your flowers. To prevent bees from buzzing near your house, reduce the amount of flowering plants you keep on your porch or in other areas of your yard that are near doors and windows. Quick Tip: Some people say that hanging mothballs in pantyhose in your yard will repel bees.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How can I save bees from dying ?","As a concerned consumer, thereâ€™s lots more you can do to help the bees, Deb. 1  I hope youâ€™ll consider trying one or more of these bee-friendly steps, in order from least to most commitment: 2  Leave weeds like dandelions and clover in your yard as a tasty snack for local bees.",2,"","What should be done to stop bees from dying ?","Coloradans try to protect honey bees from dying of mysterious sickness. Honeybees: They are dying and US and Europe taking different paths to find out ... America is one bad winter away from a food disaster, thanks to dying bees. Honey Bees Dying Along Central Coast.",1,null,"What can be done to stop bees from spoiling ?","The use of feeders by the bees stops when it either gets too cold or the bees collect other food sources.  To avoid contaminating honey with sugar syrup, bees should not be fed syrup when the honey supers are on.",0,null,22,true,"83_4_MARCO_3481678","MARCO_3481678","83_4_MARCO_1865506","MARCO_1865506","83_4_MARCO_4605696","MARCO_4605696",null,"What can be done to stop bees from dying?","CAR_c28ecab49494b5167896055c22cf9a15771a3eae","83_4_CAR_c28ecab49494b5167896055c22cf9a15771a3eae","The bees need you. Honeybee colonies are dying at frightening rates. Since 2007, an average of 30% of all colonies have died every winter in the United States. This loss is about twice as high as what U.S. beekeepers consider economically tolerable.In the winter of 2012-13, 29% of all colonies died in Canada and 20% died in Europe.mpact Your World: What you can do to help save bees. Honeybees and wild bees are the most important pollinators of many of the fruits and vegetables we eat. Of 100 crop species that provide 90% of our global food supply, 71 are bee-pollinated.",0,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What has happened to bee habitat?","83_5","What exactly happened to bees ' habitat ?","Due to recent decades of agricultural intensification in Europe, the natural habitat of B. muscorum has been largely diminished. Many of the permanent flower-rich areas where the bee commonly forages have been destroyed by increased commercial farming. B. muscorum has poor dispersal ability compared to other species of bumblebee, making it more vulnerable to habitat loss. As a result, populations have decreased dramatically in recent decades.",3,null,"What really happened to bees ' habitat ?","Bees and other pollinators face a higher risk of extinction due to loss of habitat and access to natural food sources. The global dependency on livestock and agriculture has rendered no less than 50% of the earths landmass uninhabitable for bees. The agricultural practice of planting one crop (monoculture) in a given area year after year leads to extreme malnourishment. Regardless if the planted crop does flower and provide food for the bee, the bee will still be malnourished because a single plant cannot meet the nutrient requirements. Furthermore, the crops needed to support livestock (primarily cattle) tend to be grains which do not provide nectar.",3,"","How and why did bees ' habitat evolve ?","Centris pallida is a species of solitary bee native to North America. It lacks an accepted common name; however, it has been called the digger bee, the desert bee, and the pallid bee due to its actions, habitat, and color respectively. The solitary nature of this bee allows for a dual-strategy mating system which produces an evolutionarily stable state resistant to invading strategies. These bees have also evolved to withstand the high temperatures of their native habitat. C. pallida routinely has internal temperatures within 3 degrees Celsius of death.",0,null,"What has happened to bees ' habitat ?","Due to recent decades of agricultural intensification in Europe, the natural habitat of B. muscorum has been largely diminished. Many of the permanent flower-rich areas where the bee commonly forages have been destroyed by increased commercial farming. B. muscorum has poor dispersal ability compared to other species of bumblebee, making it more vulnerable to habitat loss. As a result, populations have decreased dramatically in recent decades.",3,null,23,false,"83_5_CAR_a3db5350b07c68a4f6d7d043c29078e716b3095e","CAR_a3db5350b07c68a4f6d7d043c29078e716b3095e","83_5_CAR_d256bd4b2070f4b09ff1de021d6679070df6b2e3","CAR_d256bd4b2070f4b09ff1de021d6679070df6b2e3","83_5_CAR_98dc05a0c4b31c10f60eacd7420707d1a965bb51","CAR_98dc05a0c4b31c10f60eacd7420707d1a965bb51",null,"What has happened to bee habitat?","CAR_a3db5350b07c68a4f6d7d043c29078e716b3095e","83_5_CAR_a3db5350b07c68a4f6d7d043c29078e716b3095e","Due to recent decades of agricultural intensification in Europe, the natural habitat of B. muscorum has been largely diminished. Many of the permanent flower-rich areas where the bee commonly forages have been destroyed by increased commercial farming. B. muscorum has poor dispersal ability compared to other species of bumblebee, making it more vulnerable to habitat loss. As a result, populations have decreased dramatically in recent decades.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What has happened to bee habitat?","83_5","What exactly happened to bees ' habitat ?","The largest threat facing B. frigidus is climate change, as these bees inhabit a specialized climate. As temperature rises, the bees may be driven either farther north or to extinction. With increasing temperatures, snow does not pack as tightly. This leads to earlier melting, and during the summer, water isn’t as readily available. This causes the habitat to dry out and fewer plants bloom, thus reducing nectar supply for the bees.",3,null,"What really happened to bees ' habitat ?","The largest threat facing B. frigidus is climate change, as these bees inhabit a specialized climate. As temperature rises, the bees may be driven either farther north or to extinction. With increasing temperatures, snow does not pack as tightly. This leads to earlier melting, and during the summer, water isn’t as readily available. This causes the habitat to dry out and fewer plants bloom, thus reducing nectar supply for the bees.",3,"","How and why did bees ' habitat evolve ?","When resource density is low in Africanized honey bee habitats, it is necessary for the bees to harvest a greater variety of resources because they cannot afford to be selective. Honey bees that are genetically inclined towards resources high in sucrose like concentrated nectar will not be able to sustain themselves in harsher environments. The noted PER to low sucrose concentration in Africanized honey bees may be a result of selective pressure in times of scarcity when their survival depends on their attraction to low quality resources.",1,null,"What has happened to bees ' habitat ?","The main threat to the species is habitat loss. Damage to the habitat has occurred via development, the introduction of nonnative plants and animals, agriculture, recreational activity, and fire. Natural disasters such as hurricanes are also a threat to the habitat. This and other rare Hylaeus bee species were once \"widespread\" in Hawaii.",4,null,23,false,"83_5_CAR_0bae4b6568c48f3334c3eb5721680c2b6d9f286d","CAR_0bae4b6568c48f3334c3eb5721680c2b6d9f286d","83_5_CAR_0bae4b6568c48f3334c3eb5721680c2b6d9f286d","CAR_0bae4b6568c48f3334c3eb5721680c2b6d9f286d","83_5_CAR_13c5d9dd42284ad9368af9f22abbc50ca19a6550","CAR_13c5d9dd42284ad9368af9f22abbc50ca19a6550",null,"What has happened to bee habitat?","CAR_43786a3f70ef26040df62cdb45b14e7f49a2e1a2","83_5_CAR_43786a3f70ef26040df62cdb45b14e7f49a2e1a2","The main threat to the species is habitat loss. Damage to the habitat has occurred via development, the introduction of nonnative plants and animals, agriculture, recreational activity, and fire. Natural disasters such as hurricanes are also a threat to the habitat. This and other rare Hylaeus bee species were once \"widespread\" in Hawaii.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What has happened to bee habitat?","83_5","What exactly happened to bees ' habitat ?","The main threat to the species is habitat loss. Damage to the habitat has occurred via development, the introduction of nonnative plants and animals, agriculture, recreational activity, and fire. Natural disasters such as hurricanes are also a threat to the habitat. This and other rare Hylaeus bee species were once \"widespread\" in Hawaii.",4,null,"What really happened to bees ' habitat ?","The main threat to the species is habitat loss. Damage to the habitat has occurred via development, the introduction of nonnative plants and animals, agriculture, recreational activity, and fire. Natural disasters such as hurricanes are also a threat to the habitat. This and other rare Hylaeus bee species were once \"widespread\" in Hawaii.",4,"","How and why did bees ' habitat evolve ?","Habitat of a Honey Bee. Researchers believe that the original habitats of the honey bee are tropical climates and heavily forested areas. Honey bees can thrive in natural or domesticated environments, though they prefer to live in gardens, woodlands, orchards, meadows and other areas where flowering plants are abundant.",1,null,"What has happened to bees ' habitat ?","The species has been classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. The bee is already rare with geographically separated populations, and available high-mountain habitat is shrinking due to climate change. Its parasitic lifestyle also makes it susceptible to indirect damage from population reductions in its host species.",3,null,23,false,"83_5_CAR_43786a3f70ef26040df62cdb45b14e7f49a2e1a2","CAR_43786a3f70ef26040df62cdb45b14e7f49a2e1a2","83_5_CAR_43786a3f70ef26040df62cdb45b14e7f49a2e1a2","CAR_43786a3f70ef26040df62cdb45b14e7f49a2e1a2","83_5_MARCO_574203","MARCO_574203",null,"What has happened to bee habitat?","CAR_7ec535679932fa0dbc92cf07cdcf5dd9295c7122","83_5_CAR_7ec535679932fa0dbc92cf07cdcf5dd9295c7122","The species has been classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. The bee is already rare with geographically separated populations, and available high-mountain habitat is shrinking due to climate change. Its parasitic lifestyle also makes it susceptible to indirect damage from population reductions in its host species.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","83_6","How can we protect bees ' habitats ?","The best way to do this is to provide a diversity of flowers blooming over a long season that are attractive to bees and that are protected from pesticide spray and drift. In the words of Dr. Marla Spivak, MacArthur â€œGeniusâ€\u009d award winner: There are two things each and every one of us can do to help bee populations.",2,null,"What can I do to provide a habitat for bees ?","Plant a Bee Garden â€“ Create an oasis for bees and other pollinators. More and more gardeners are anxious to do their part to help the bees by adding to the shrinking inventory of flower-rich habitat in their area. You can create a â€˜bee gardenâ€™. In return, the bees will pollinate your flowers, providing a bountiful harvest of fruits, seeds and vegetables as well as the joy of watching them up close. Here are some helpful tips to keep in mind as you grow your bee garden: Rethink your lawn. Replace part or all of your front lawn grass with flowering plants, which provides food and habitat for honey bees, bumble bees, solitary bees, butterflies and other pollinators.",3,"","What can I do to help solve the bees ' problem of not storing honey ?","As a concerned consumer, thereâ€™s lots more you can do to help the bees, Deb. 1  I hope youâ€™ll consider trying one or more of these bee-friendly steps, in order from least to most commitment: 2  Leave weeds like dandelions and clover in your yard as a tasty snack for local bees.",2,null,"What can I do to help with the bee problem ?","As a concerned consumer, thereâ€™s lots more you can do to help the bees, Deb. 1  I hope youâ€™ll consider trying one or more of these bee-friendly steps, in order from least to most commitment: 2  Leave weeds like dandelions and clover in your yard as a tasty snack for local bees.",2,null,24,true,"83_6_MARCO_7672257","MARCO_7672257","83_6_MARCO_5268578","MARCO_5268578","83_6_MARCO_1865506","MARCO_1865506",null,"What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","MARCO_1865506","83_6_MARCO_1865506","Plant a Bee Garden â€“ Create an oasis for bees and other pollinators. More and more gardeners are anxious to do their part to help the bees by adding to the shrinking inventory of flower-rich habitat in their area. You can create a â€˜bee gardenâ€™. In return, the bees will pollinate your flowers, providing a bountiful harvest of fruits, seeds and vegetables as well as the joy of watching them up close. Here are some helpful tips to keep in mind as you grow your bee garden: Rethink your lawn. Replace part or all of your front lawn grass with flowering plants, which provides food and habitat for honey bees, bumble bees, solitary bees, butterflies and other pollinators.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","83_6","How can we protect bees ' habitats ?","Plant a Bee Garden â€“ Create an oasis for bees and other pollinators. More and more gardeners are anxious to do their part to help the bees by adding to the shrinking inventory of flower-rich habitat in their area. You can create a â€˜bee gardenâ€™. In return, the bees will pollinate your flowers, providing a bountiful harvest of fruits, seeds and vegetables as well as the joy of watching them up close. Here are some helpful tips to keep in mind as you grow your bee garden: Rethink your lawn. Replace part or all of your front lawn grass with flowering plants, which provides food and habitat for honey bees, bumble bees, solitary bees, butterflies and other pollinators.",3,null,"What can I do to provide a habitat for bees ?","Bees need flowers for sustenance, and flowers need bees for pollination. But it's important the flowers you grow provide the food bees need. You can also help your garden wildlife by creating dead wood habitats, or with our top four jobs for wildlife in autumn. Great flowers start with pollination, and for that you need bees.",2,"","What can I do to help solve the bees ' problem of not storing honey ?","Plant a Bee Garden â€“ Create an oasis for bees and other pollinators. More and more gardeners are anxious to do their part to help the bees by adding to the shrinking inventory of flower-rich habitat in their area. You can create a â€˜bee gardenâ€™. In return, the bees will pollinate your flowers, providing a bountiful harvest of fruits, seeds and vegetables as well as the joy of watching them up close. Here are some helpful tips to keep in mind as you grow your bee garden: Rethink your lawn. Replace part or all of your front lawn grass with flowering plants, which provides food and habitat for honey bees, bumble bees, solitary bees, butterflies and other pollinators.",3,null,"What can I do to help with the bee problem ?","The best way to do this is to provide a diversity of flowers blooming over a long season that are attractive to bees and that are protected from pesticide spray and drift. In the words of Dr. Marla Spivak, MacArthur â€œGeniusâ€\u009d award winner: There are two things each and every one of us can do to help bee populations.",2,null,24,true,"83_6_MARCO_5268578","MARCO_5268578","83_6_MARCO_5536336","MARCO_5536336","83_6_MARCO_5268578","MARCO_5268578",null,"What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","MARCO_7672257","83_6_MARCO_7672257","Bees need flowers for sustenance, and flowers need bees for pollination. But it's important the flowers you grow provide the food bees need. You can also help your garden wildlife by creating dead wood habitats, or with our top four jobs for wildlife in autumn. Great flowers start with pollination, and for that you need bees.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","83_6","How can we protect bees ' habitats ?","Recently, the European Union has introduced agri-environment plans that can be used to pay farmers to manage their land in a way that benefits bee species. Britain adopted the Environmental Stewardship scheme with the goal of enhancing the supply of pollen and nectar sources for bumblebees. These plans hope to counteract some of the issues that commercial developments have caused. For example, intense crop management with decreased mixed farming has led to “botanical simplification” of habitats, which may have contributed to decreased bumblebee populations by decreasing the quality and quantity of resources and habitats.",0,null,"What can I do to provide a habitat for bees ?","The best way to do this is to provide a diversity of flowers blooming over a long season that are attractive to bees and that are protected from pesticide spray and drift. In the words of Dr. Marla Spivak, MacArthur â€œGeniusâ€\u009d award winner: There are two things each and every one of us can do to help bee populations.",2,"","What can I do to help solve the bees ' problem of not storing honey ?","After the bees have started to work filling the first super with honey add a second super just above the brood nest and place the partially filled first super above it. After which I place a third empty super on top. This third one I use as a safety valve so to speak, just in case I canâ€™t get back when I should. It provides additional room for honey storage. When I do return in a week to ten days I can quickly check the top super by lifting the lid and checking the progress.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What can I do to help with the bee problem ?","Plant a Bee Garden â€“ Create an oasis for bees and other pollinators. More and more gardeners are anxious to do their part to help the bees by adding to the shrinking inventory of flower-rich habitat in their area. You can create a â€˜bee gardenâ€™. In return, the bees will pollinate your flowers, providing a bountiful harvest of fruits, seeds and vegetables as well as the joy of watching them up close. Here are some helpful tips to keep in mind as you grow your bee garden: Rethink your lawn. Replace part or all of your front lawn grass with flowering plants, which provides food and habitat for honey bees, bumble bees, solitary bees, butterflies and other pollinators.",3,null,24,true,"83_6_CAR_2344e7f5ce86b1675be1d9197bef32cbdef5682e","CAR_2344e7f5ce86b1675be1d9197bef32cbdef5682e","83_6_MARCO_7672257","MARCO_7672257","83_6_MARCO_4092650","MARCO_4092650",null,"What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","MARCO_5268578","83_6_MARCO_5268578","The best way to do this is to provide a diversity of flowers blooming over a long season that are attractive to bees and that are protected from pesticide spray and drift. In the words of Dr. Marla Spivak, MacArthur â€œGeniusâ€\u009d award winner: There are two things each and every one of us can do to help bee populations.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","83_7","How do we know what causes CCD in bees ?","A 2012 in situ study provided strong  evidence that exposure to sublethal levels of imidacloprid in high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) used to feed honey bees when forage is not available causes bees to exhibit symptoms consistent to CCD 23 weeks after imidacloprid dosing. The researchers suggested, \"the observed delayed mortality in honey bees caused by imidacloprid in HFCS is a novel and plausible mechanism for CCD, and should be validated in future studies.\"",3,null,"What causes CCD in bees ?","The mechanisms of CCD are still unknown, but many causes are currently being considered, such as pesticides, mites, fungi, beekeeping practices (such as the use of antibiotics or long-distance transportation of beehives), malnutrition, poor quality queens, starvation, other pathogens, and immunodeficiencies. The current scientific consensus is that no single factor is causing CCD, but that some of these factors in combination may lead to CCD either additively or synergistically.",4,"","Why do bees get CCD ? I am relatively new to beekeeping .","The mechanisms of CCD are still unknown, but many causes are currently being considered, such as pesticides, mites, fungi, beekeeping practices (such as the use of antibiotics or long-distance transportation of beehives), malnutrition, poor quality queens, starvation, other pathogens, and immunodeficiencies. The current scientific consensus is that no single factor is causing CCD, but that some of these factors in combination may lead to CCD either additively or synergistically.",4,null,"What is the cause of CCD in bees ?","The mechanisms of CCD are still unknown, but many causes are currently being considered, such as pesticides, mites, fungi, beekeeping practices (such as the use of antibiotics or long-distance transportation of beehives), malnutrition, poor quality queens, starvation, other pathogens, and immunodeficiencies. The current scientific consensus is that no single factor is causing CCD, but that some of these factors in combination may lead to CCD either additively or synergistically.",4,null,25,false,"83_7_CAR_0925f066e12d49abe7172781330c6e634102379b","CAR_0925f066e12d49abe7172781330c6e634102379b","83_7_CAR_d863917fe3f0ec32582244ca5ce181f30cb00429","CAR_d863917fe3f0ec32582244ca5ce181f30cb00429","83_7_CAR_d863917fe3f0ec32582244ca5ce181f30cb00429","CAR_d863917fe3f0ec32582244ca5ce181f30cb00429",null,"What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","CAR_d863917fe3f0ec32582244ca5ce181f30cb00429","83_7_CAR_d863917fe3f0ec32582244ca5ce181f30cb00429","Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is a syndrome that is characterized by the sudden loss of adult bees from the hive.  Many possible explanations for CCD have been proposed, but no one primary cause has been found. The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) has indicated in a report to Congress that a combination of factors may be causing CCD, including pesticides, pathogens, and parasites, all of which have been found at high levels in affected bee hives.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","83_7","How do we know what causes CCD in bees ?","In July 2007, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) released its \"CCD Action Plan\", which outlined a strategy for addressing CCD consisting of four main components: survey and data collection; analysis of samples; hypothesis-driven research; mitigation and preventive action. The first annual report of the U.S. Colony Collapse Disorder Steering Committee was published in 2009. It suggested CCD may be caused by the interaction of many agents in combination. The same year, the CCD Working Group published a comprehensive descriptive study that concluded: \"Of the 61 variables quantified (including adult bee physiology, pathogen loads, and pesticide levels), no single factor was found with enough consistency to suggest one causal agent. Bees in CCD colonies had higher pathogen loads and were co-infected with more pathogens than control populations, suggesting either greater pathogen exposure or reduced defenses in CCD bees.\"",2,null,"What causes CCD in bees ?","A 2012 in situ study provided strong  evidence that exposure to sublethal levels of imidacloprid in high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) used to feed honey bees when forage is not available causes bees to exhibit symptoms consistent to CCD 23 weeks after imidacloprid dosing. The researchers suggested, \"the observed delayed mortality in honey bees caused by imidacloprid in HFCS is a novel and plausible mechanism for CCD, and should be validated in future studies.\"",3,"","Why do bees get CCD ? I am relatively new to beekeeping .","A 2011 Congressional Research Report describing some of the reasons why scientists believe honey bee colonies are being affected by CCD reported that the United States Department of Agriculture had concluded in 2009, \"it now seems clear that no single factor alone is responsible for the malady.\" According to the research report, the neonicotinoids, which contain the active ingredient imidacloprid, and similar other chemicals, such as clothianidin and thiamethoxam, are being studied for a possible link to CCD. Honey bees are thought to possibly be affected by such chemicals, which are known to work their way through the plant up into the flowers and leave residues in the nectar and pollen that bees forage on. The scientists studying CCD have tested samples of pollen and have indicated findings of a broad range of substances, including insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides. They note that the doses taken up by bees are not lethal, but they are concerned about possible chronic problems caused by long-term exposure.",2,null,"What is the cause of CCD in bees ?","A 2012 in situ study provided strong  evidence that exposure to sublethal levels of imidacloprid in high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) used to feed honey bees when forage is not available causes bees to exhibit symptoms consistent to CCD 23 weeks after imidacloprid dosing. The researchers suggested, \"the observed delayed mortality in honey bees caused by imidacloprid in HFCS is a novel and plausible mechanism for CCD, and should be validated in future studies.\"",3,null,25,false,"83_7_CAR_fffab339e95e447c4d3104ec351aacc6a8b43121","CAR_fffab339e95e447c4d3104ec351aacc6a8b43121","83_7_CAR_0925f066e12d49abe7172781330c6e634102379b","CAR_0925f066e12d49abe7172781330c6e634102379b","83_7_CAR_6b6cdb836b4bb98b6420ca01889b482e0b885cbb","CAR_6b6cdb836b4bb98b6420ca01889b482e0b885cbb",null,"What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","CAR_0925f066e12d49abe7172781330c6e634102379b","83_7_CAR_0925f066e12d49abe7172781330c6e634102379b","In July 2007, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) released its \"CCD Action Plan\", which outlined a strategy for addressing CCD consisting of four main components: survey and data collection; analysis of samples; hypothesis-driven research; mitigation and preventive action. The first annual report of the U.S. Colony Collapse Disorder Steering Committee was published in 2009. It suggested CCD may be caused by the interaction of many agents in combination. The same year, the CCD Working Group published a comprehensive descriptive study that concluded: \"Of the 61 variables quantified (including adult bee physiology, pathogen loads, and pesticide levels), no single factor was found with enough consistency to suggest one causal agent. Bees in CCD colonies had higher pathogen loads and were co-infected with more pathogens than control populations, suggesting either greater pathogen exposure or reduced defenses in CCD bees.\"",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","83_7","How do we know what causes CCD in bees ?","Research in 2009 has found that an indicator for an impaired protein production is common among all bees affected by CCD, a pattern consistent with IAPV infection. It is conjectured that Dicistroviridae, like the IAPV, cause degradation of the ribosomes, which are responsible for protein production of cells, and that this reduced ribosomal function weakens the bees, making them more vulnerable to factors that might not otherwise be lethal.",2,null,"What causes CCD in bees ?","Several possible causes for CCD have been proposed, but no single proposal has gained widespread acceptance among the scientific community. Suggested causes include: infections with Varroa and Acarapis mites; malnutrition; various pathogens; genetic factors; immunodeficiencies; loss of habitat; changing beekeeping practices; or a combination of factors.  A large amount of speculation has surrounded a family of pesticides called neonicotinoids as having caused CCD.",4,"","Why do bees get CCD ? I am relatively new to beekeeping .","Evaluating pesticide contributions to CCD is particularly difficult for several reasons. First, the variety of pesticides in use in the different areas reporting CCD makes it difficult to test for all possible pesticides simultaneously. Second, many commercial beekeeping operations are mobile, transporting hives over large geographic distances over the course of a season, potentially exposing the colonies to different pesticides at each location. Third, the bees themselves place pollen and honey into long-term storage, effectively meaning a delay may occur from days to months before contaminated provisions are fed to the colony, negating any attempts to associate the appearance of symptoms with the actual time at which exposure to pesticides occurred.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What is the cause of CCD in bees ?","Several possible causes for CCD have been proposed, but no single proposal has gained widespread acceptance among the scientific community. Suggested causes include: infections with Varroa and Acarapis mites; malnutrition; various pathogens; genetic factors; immunodeficiencies; loss of habitat; changing beekeeping practices; or a combination of factors.  A large amount of speculation has surrounded a family of pesticides called neonicotinoids as having caused CCD.",4,null,25,false,"83_7_CAR_fb6ad62c8f83d22008bf3d23f7050afc7cda4949","CAR_fb6ad62c8f83d22008bf3d23f7050afc7cda4949","83_7_CAR_34d35ea59b6fdd5bdefece429f6411eba3799921","CAR_34d35ea59b6fdd5bdefece429f6411eba3799921","83_7_CAR_6257a0e53a5e27425e872bed87fe890a0bae742e","CAR_6257a0e53a5e27425e872bed87fe890a0bae742e",null,"What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","CAR_34d35ea59b6fdd5bdefece429f6411eba3799921","83_7_CAR_34d35ea59b6fdd5bdefece429f6411eba3799921","Pesticides are linked to Colony Collapse Disorder and are now considered a main cause, and the toxic effects of Neonicotinoids on bees are confirmed. Currently, many studies are being conducted to further understand the toxic effects of pesticides on bees. Agencies such as the EPA and EFSA are making action plans to protect bee health in response to calls from scientists and the public to ban or limit the use of the pesticides with confirmed toxicity.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What would happen if the bees died out?","83_8","What would happen if the bees suddenly died out ?","What would happen if you were hit by a penny falling from a skyscraper? What happens if you don't sleep for 24 hours? You're basically drunk. So could all bees go extinct? It's unlikely, Bolt noted, as there are 4,000 known species of bees in North America alone and about 20,000 species worldwide. But if all bees did disappear, we'd all be in a world of trouble, he said. The variety of foods would be incredibly reduced and who could even predict how their loss would ripple throughout the world's many ecosystems.",3,null,"What will happen if bees die ?","Rated in Aikido. Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination.If 70% of the plants on the planet die.Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species.ithout bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species.",3,"","What would happen if the honey bees died ?","Burt's Bees, a company which uses honey is most of its products, would increase prices until having to stop production of their products. Honey used in facials would disappear, and many LUSH products that are made with honey would also disappear. In short, bees are super duper important. Bees are dropping like flies and people need to understand the severity of the problem. If bees die, so do we. Bee extinction is human extinction.",2,null,"What would happen if the bees died out ?","Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination. If 70% of the plants on the planet die. Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species. ''If the bee became extinct, man would only survive a few years beyond it'', Einstein predicted...",3,null,26,true,"83_8_MARCO_2141004","MARCO_2141004","83_8_MARCO_1881743","MARCO_1881743","83_8_MARCO_2140999","MARCO_2140999",null,"What would happen if the bees died out?","MARCO_2141003","83_8_MARCO_2141003","Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination. If 70% of the plants on the planet die. Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species. ''If the bee became extinct, man would only survive a few years beyond it'', Einstein predicted...",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What would happen if the bees died out?","83_8","What would happen if the bees suddenly died out ?","If a queen suddenly dies, the workers will flood with royal jelly several cells where a larva has just emerged.  The young larva floats on the royal jelly; the worker bees then build a larger queen cell from the normal-sized worker cell, which protrudes vertically from the face of the brood comb.  Emergency queens are usually smaller and less prolific.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What will happen if bees die ?","Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination. If 70% of the plants on the planet die. Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species. ''If the bee became extinct, man would only survive a few years beyond it'', Einstein predicted...",3,"","What would happen if the honey bees died ?","Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination. If 70% of the plants on the planet die. Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species. ''If the bee became extinct, man would only survive a few years beyond it'', Einstein predicted...",3,null,"What would happen if the bees died out ?","What would happen if you were hit by a penny falling from a skyscraper? What happens if you don't sleep for 24 hours? You're basically drunk. So could all bees go extinct? It's unlikely, Bolt noted, as there are 4,000 known species of bees in North America alone and about 20,000 species worldwide. But if all bees did disappear, we'd all be in a world of trouble, he said. The variety of foods would be incredibly reduced and who could even predict how their loss would ripple throughout the world's many ecosystems.",3,null,26,true,"83_8_CAR_fd9b429abd52459f6cd78763a485cee9f6e8b1a4","CAR_fd9b429abd52459f6cd78763a485cee9f6e8b1a4","83_8_MARCO_2141003","MARCO_2141003","83_8_MARCO_2141003","MARCO_2141003",null,"What would happen if the bees died out?","MARCO_2141004","83_8_MARCO_2141004","From 1945 to 2005, bee colonies have decreased from around 6,000,000 colonies to less than 3,000,000 colonies.  Bees pollinate around 70% of the world's crops, and on average, about one in every three bites of food humans consume has been pollinated by a bee.  If the bees were to die out, pollination rates would plummet, likely resulting in less food and skyrocketing market prices.",3,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What would happen if the bees died out?","83_8","What would happen if the bees suddenly died out ?","From 1945 to 2005, bee colonies have decreased from around 6,000,000 colonies to less than 3,000,000 colonies.  Bees pollinate around 70% of the world's crops, and on average, about one in every three bites of food humans consume has been pollinated by a bee.  If the bees were to die out, pollination rates would plummet, likely resulting in less food and skyrocketing market prices.",3,null,"What will happen if bees die ?","Burt's Bees, a company which uses honey is most of its products, would increase prices until having to stop production of their products. Honey used in facials would disappear, and many LUSH products that are made with honey would also disappear. In short, bees are super duper important. Bees are dropping like flies and people need to understand the severity of the problem. If bees die, so do we. Bee extinction is human extinction.",2,"","What would happen if the honey bees died ?","Rated in Aikido. Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination.If 70% of the plants on the planet die.Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species.ithout bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species.",3,null,"What would happen if the bees died out ?","From 1945 to 2005, bee colonies have decreased from around 6,000,000 colonies to less than 3,000,000 colonies.  Bees pollinate around 70% of the world's crops, and on average, about one in every three bites of food humans consume has been pollinated by a bee.  If the bees were to die out, pollination rates would plummet, likely resulting in less food and skyrocketing market prices.",3,null,26,true,"83_8_CAR_652e1c4654a2cce7d24d500297543a91095bb6f2","CAR_652e1c4654a2cce7d24d500297543a91095bb6f2","83_8_MARCO_2140999","MARCO_2140999","83_8_MARCO_1881743","MARCO_1881743",null,"What would happen if the bees died out?","CAR_652e1c4654a2cce7d24d500297543a91095bb6f2","83_8_CAR_652e1c4654a2cce7d24d500297543a91095bb6f2","Rated in Aikido. Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination.If 70% of the plants on the planet die.Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species.ithout bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does seed investment work for startups?","84_1","How do we get seed investment for a startup ?","Seedcamp invests in three ways, including its Seed option. For pre-seed Startups must apply for an investment of either €75K for 7% or 3% as a warrant. Applications for pre-seed funding from Seedcamp are open four times a year. All Seedcamp companies can access the Platform.",1,null,"How does seed financing work in startups ?","Seed money, or seed capital, is the first round of capital for a start-up business. It gets its name from the idea that early stage financing plants the seed that enables a small business to grow. Obtaining funding is one of the most critical aspects of starting a small business.",0,"","How do I get my startup seed money ?","Startups have several options for funding. Venture capital firms and angel investors may help startup companies begin operations, exchanging seed money for an equity stake in the firm. Venture capitalists and angel investors provide financing to a range of startups (a portfolio), with the expectation that a very small number of the start-ups will become viable and make money. In practice though, many startups are initially funded by the founders themselves using \"bootstrapping\", in which loans or monetary gifts from friends and family are combined with savings and credit card debt to finance the venture. Factoring is another option, though it is not unique to startups. Other funding opportunities include various forms of crowdfunding, for example equity crowdfunding, in which the startup seeks funding from a large number of individuals, typically by pitching their idea on the Internet",1,null,"How does seed investment work for startups ?","On 6 April 2012, the Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) was launched by the UK Government, with the goal to \"stimulate entrepreneurship and kick start the economy.\" The scheme offers up to 50% individual income tax relief, up to 28% capital gains tax relief and capital gains tax re-investment relief to investors who invest in eligible startup companies. Seedrs has a high concentration of SEIS eligible startups listed for investment and makes it very simple for UK tax payers to take advantage of the reliefs online.",2,null,27,false,"84_1_CAR_d0872f4b18968e1cabe040754f792e379d58e2f4","CAR_d0872f4b18968e1cabe040754f792e379d58e2f4","84_1_MARCO_3431810","MARCO_3431810","84_1_CAR_a41c4c4dd3dc4ac8dd1372c1c6fd99e80c691e33","CAR_a41c4c4dd3dc4ac8dd1372c1c6fd99e80c691e33",null,"How does seed investment work for startups?","CAR_bf04191f77cab9e1af2f7a99928b9d390adbc1c2","84_1_CAR_bf04191f77cab9e1af2f7a99928b9d390adbc1c2","The Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) was launched by the United Kingdom government on 6 April 2012 in order to encourage investors to finance startups by providing tax breaks for backing projects they may otherwise view as too risky.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does seed investment work for startups?","84_1","How do we get seed investment for a startup ?","This is one of the most vital parts of the program. Successful entrepreneurs who manage to get their seed investment from Oasis500 gain an automatic incubation and acceleration period at Oasis500 offices in Jordan. This is a 3-month (100 days) period where startups accelerate and achieve milestones and goals that others without the same level of assistance usually need a significantly longer time to achieve.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How does seed financing work in startups ?","Investors who provide seed capital funding often do so for a stake in the company. Once a startup has demonstrated feasibility, it is more likely to attract venture capital or angel investment to provide the greater funds necessary to get the business up and running.",1,"","How do I get my startup seed money ?","The odds of finding an angel investor for your startup are relatively low. Entrepreneurs generally turn to their friends and family first to raise seed funding to launch their companies. Before approaching your friends and family for money, make sure they know the risks and can take a financial loss if things go south.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How does seed investment work for startups ?","The Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) was launched by the United Kingdom government on 6 April 2012 in order to encourage investors to finance startups by providing tax breaks for backing projects they may otherwise view as too risky.",0,null,27,false,"84_1_CAR_cdeeee324b55a3af04051cc87d92f6436079fd71","CAR_cdeeee324b55a3af04051cc87d92f6436079fd71","84_1_MARCO_3431811","MARCO_3431811","84_1_MARCO_1030166","MARCO_1030166",null,"How does seed investment work for startups?","CAR_f049218e5d38036c81b0faffc5980e44e6c64b14","84_1_CAR_f049218e5d38036c81b0faffc5980e44e6c64b14","Seed money, sometimes known as seed funding or seed capital, is a form of securities offering in which an investor invests capital in exchange for an equity stake in the company. The term seed suggests that this is a very early investment, meant to support the business until it can generate cash of its own (see cash flow), or until it is ready for further investments. Seed money options include friends and family funding, angel funding, and crowdfunding.",0,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["How does seed investment work for startups?","84_1","How do we get seed investment for a startup ?","Investors who provide seed capital funding often do so for a stake in the company. Once a startup has demonstrated feasibility, it is more likely to attract venture capital or angel investment to provide the greater funds necessary to get the business up and running.",1,null,"How does seed financing work in startups ?","Seed money, or seed capital, is the first round of capital for a start-up business. It gets its name from the idea that early stage financing plants the seed that enables a small business to grow.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do I get my startup seed money ?","Seed money, or seed capital, is the first round of capital for a start-up business. It gets its name from the idea that early stage financing plants the seed that enables a small business to grow. Obtaining funding is one of the most critical aspects of starting a small business.",0,"","How does seed investment work for startups ?","Seed money, sometimes known as seed funding or seed capital, is a form of securities offering in which an investor invests capital in exchange for an equity stake in the company. The term seed suggests that this is a very early investment, meant to support the business until it can generate cash of its own (see cash flow), or until it is ready for further investments. Seed money options include friends and family funding, angel funding, and crowdfunding.",4,null,27,false,"84_1_MARCO_3431811","MARCO_3431811","84_1_MARCO_3431812","MARCO_3431812","84_1_MARCO_3431810","MARCO_3431810",null,"How does seed investment work for startups?","CAR_fef4c224bb39283d6c8f49190c9855514e0b7fa5","84_1_CAR_fef4c224bb39283d6c8f49190c9855514e0b7fa5","On 6 April 2012, the Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) was launched by the UK Government, with the goal to \"stimulate entrepreneurship and kick start the economy.\" The scheme offers up to 50% individual income tax relief, up to 28% capital gains tax relief and capital gains tax re-investment relief to investors who invest in eligible startup companies. Seedrs has a high concentration of SEIS eligible startups listed for investment and makes it very simple for UK tax payers to take advantage of the reliefs online.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","84_2","What can I know more about Angel rounds ?","I want to write about the guardian angels separately because it is important for you to know who your immediate subtle friends are and what they can do for you. When we start an earthly life, no matter what religion we are affiliated to, God is offering us with Great generosity guardian angels.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How should I learn about angel rounds ?","There are certain things you can probably learn from playing with Miguel Angel Jimenez. Andrew Johnson learned one of the most important lessons. Related: Miguel Angel Jimenez gives youth golf lesson after Scottish Open round.The 26-year-old from England finished his third round at the Scottish Open by making an eagle on 18 to card a 1-over par 71.While the shot was impressive, it was his celebration that really stole the show. Andrew Johnson holes out and does The Miguel (in front of Miguel!).here are certain things you can probably learn from playing with Miguel Angel Jimenez. Andrew Johnson learned one of the most important lessons. Related: Miguel Angel Jimenez gives youth golf lesson after Scottish Open round.",0,"","What are the different angel rounds for startups ?","Plastic Bottles by Shape. The shape of any plastic bottle is an important characteristic of your products packaging and should not be overlooked. Our plastic bottles come in five different shapes consisting of boston rounds, cosmo rounds, wide mouth rounds and pharmaceutical rounds, cylinders and ovals. Each shape has its own unique qualities. Click on any image below to learn more about each individual bottle we have to offer.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Tell me more about angel rounds .","The track \"She Moves She\" was released as a 12-inch single on 31 March 2003, with \"Cradle\" on the B-side. Rounds was released on double vinyl and compact disc by Domino on 5 May 2003, spending one week on the UK Albums Chart at number 60. The second single, \"As Serious as Your Life\", was released in October 2003 on 7- and 12-inch formats featuring remixes and a 23-minute live version; a second 12-inch of the same song, containing a remix by Jay Dee featuring rapping by Guilty Simpson, was released on 18 November 2003. An EP, My Angel Rocks Back and Forth, was released in May 2004, containing Rounds tracks, two remixes, and the unreleased songs \"I've Got Viking in Me\" and \"All the Chimers\", plus a DVD of music videos for \"My Angel Rocks Back and Forth\", \"She Moves She\", \"As Serious as Your Life\" and Pause single \"No More Mosquitoes\".",0,null,28,true,"84_2_MARCO_5127122","MARCO_5127122","84_2_MARCO_3384119","MARCO_3384119","84_2_MARCO_3110649","MARCO_3110649",null,"Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","CAR_9f0230efa0bbbfbff83a1e06459bcd41bb070b26","84_2_CAR_9f0230efa0bbbfbff83a1e06459bcd41bb070b26","Angel investors give you money. You sell them equity in the company, filing the investment raise with the SEC. Angel investments commonly run around $600,000. Most investments rounds also involve multiple investors, thanks to the proliferations of angel groups.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","84_2","What can I know more about Angel rounds ?","A frantic Angel returns to his hotel room, where the police have found Epiphany raped, brutally murdered and wearing Angel's dog tags. When Angel reveals that Epiphany was his daughter, a detective tells him that he will \"burn\" for what he has done to her, to which Angel replies, \"I know. In Hell.\" During the end credits, Angel is seen standing inside an iron Otis elevator which is descending. It soon stops, with an inmobile Harry inside. As the screen fades to black, Cyphre can be heard whispering, \"Harry\" and \"Johnny\", announcing his dominion over both their shared souls.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How should I learn about angel rounds ?","Q: When can I begin to learn new skills? A: In League of Angels, you may begin to learn new skills after reaching Lvl. 23. Q: How do I learn new skills? A: After clicking the Skill tab in the character menu, you can exchange â€œwarsoulsâ€\u009d to learn new skills, or upgrade your existing ones.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the different angel rounds for startups ?","There are different types of acne and learning which type you have is the first step to treating it. Learn more about the four acne types and the various treatments they may require to determine which type of acne you have and how you can best fight it. Types of Acne 1. Grade I Grade I acne is the mildest of acne types.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Tell me more about angel rounds .","In 2011, the company secured $530,000 in angel financing. They also passed the milestone of being installed on more than 2,500 website. The investment brought their total funding from angel investors to $730,000. In order to keep up with the demand for the product, the company secured an additional round of angel funding in 2012.",0,null,28,true,"84_2_CAR_56c148da3a3c86712786b36a4e1ef5234ca58c6d","CAR_56c148da3a3c86712786b36a4e1ef5234ca58c6d","84_2_MARCO_2560631","MARCO_2560631","84_2_MARCO_6838037","MARCO_6838037",null,"Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","CAR_5867355f5547df50ea8c35813dd9dc1e67876c22","84_2_CAR_5867355f5547df50ea8c35813dd9dc1e67876c22","Angel capital fills the gap in seed funding between \"friends and family\" and more robust start-up financing through formal venture capital. Although it is usually difficult to raise more than a few hundred thousand dollars from friends and family, most traditional venture capital funds are usually not able to make or evaluate small investments under US$1–2 million. Thus, angel investment is a common second round of financing for high-growth start-ups, and accounts in total for almost as much money invested annually as all venture capital funds combined, but into more than 60 times as many companies (US$20.1 billion vs. $23.26 billion in the US in 2010, into 61,900 companies vs. 1,012 companies).",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","84_2","What can I know more about Angel rounds ?","Lorne says Eve was being sincere when he read her. Angel wants to know what Lindsey knows about the Senior Partners, but Spike points out that they will have a hard time figuring out which hell dimension Lindsey is in.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How should I learn about angel rounds ?","Rufus and James are pleased to learn that Rufus has become a hit with the show's fans and their excitement doesn't go unnoticed by Angel. The remaining contestants face another elimination round.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the different angel rounds for startups ?","Common Questions and Answers about How long to fast for glucose blood work blood I need to request time off of work for it, but I'm not sure how long I should request off.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Tell me more about angel rounds .","Tell Me More was a National Public Radio interview show hosted by journalist Michel Martin.  Tell Me More was first introduced online in December 2006 through an \"open piloting\" program called \"Rough Cuts.\" Martin and the show's producers provided a regular podcast and blog on NPR's website, testing show ideas, offering sample segments, and soliciting user feedback.  It began broadcasting on April 30, 2007.",0,null,28,true,"84_2_CAR_a456e0e6fc10145aedb83b9d9dc1d201331354a9","CAR_a456e0e6fc10145aedb83b9d9dc1d201331354a9","84_2_CAR_c5b8b57190f7d2315d8b667bb2ff22a966eff2f6","CAR_c5b8b57190f7d2315d8b667bb2ff22a966eff2f6","84_2_MARCO_2869736","MARCO_2869736",null,"Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","CAR_251cfa99efb3b630a8dec30231d3ed362ecddd41","84_2_CAR_251cfa99efb3b630a8dec30231d3ed362ecddd41","When investing in a startup, there are different types of stages in which the investor can participate. The first round is called seed round. The seed round generally is when the startup is still in the very early phase of execution when their product is still in the prototype phase. At this level angel investors will be the ones participating. The next round is called Series A. At this point the company already has traction and may be making revenue. In Series A rounds venture capital firms will be participating alongside angels or super angel investors. The next rounds are Series B, C, and D. These three rounds are the ones leading towards the IPO. Venture capital firms and private equity firms will be participating.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","84_3","What is the difference between crowdfunding and Angel rounds ?","The investor-led crowdfunding model differentiates itself from the usual company-led model by necessitating the participation of an experienced business angel in every round. This 'lead investor' conducts due diligence on the investment opportunity and negotiates the economic terms of the investment before contributing at least 25% of the round. The intended benefit is that any less experienced investors will 1) have the reassurance of knowing that an experienced investor has already assessed the round and 2) invest on the same economic terms as the lead investor.",3,null,"How do crowdfunding and angel rounds compare ?","The investor-led crowdfunding model differentiates itself from the usual company-led model by necessitating the participation of an experienced business angel in every round. This 'lead investor' conducts due diligence on the investment opportunity and negotiates the economic terms of the investment before contributing at least 25% of the round. The intended benefit is that any less experienced investors will 1) have the reassurance of knowing that an experienced investor has already assessed the round and 2) invest on the same economic terms as the lead investor.",3,"","Can you contrast the angel rounds to crowdfunding ?","The investor-led crowdfunding model differentiates itself from the usual company-led model by necessitating the participation of an experienced business angel in every round. This 'lead investor' conducts due diligence on the investment opportunity and negotiates the economic terms of the investment before contributing at least 25% of the round. The intended benefit is that any less experienced investors will 1) have the reassurance of knowing that an experienced investor has already assessed the round and 2) invest on the same economic terms as the lead investor.",3,"","How does seed investment compare with crowdfunding ?","Seed capital can be distinguished from venture capital in that venture capital investments tend to come from institutional investors, involve significantly more money, are arm's length transactions, and involve much greater complexity in the contracts and corporate structure accompanying the investment. Seed funding involves a higher risk than normal venture capital funding since the investor does not see any existing projects to evaluate for funding. Hence, the investments made are usually lower (in the tens of thousands to the hundreds of thousands of dollars range) as against normal venture capital investment (in the hundreds of thousands to the millions of dollars range), for similar levels of stake in the company. Seed funding can be raised online using equity crowdfunding platforms such as SeedInvest, Seedrs and Angels Den. Investors make their decision whether to fund a project based on the perceived strength of the idea and the capabilities, skills and history of the founders.",2,null,29,false,"84_3_CAR_e4619747e10e10bb960487dc8dbdc5ef70ef85e3","CAR_e4619747e10e10bb960487dc8dbdc5ef70ef85e3","84_3_CAR_e4619747e10e10bb960487dc8dbdc5ef70ef85e3","CAR_e4619747e10e10bb960487dc8dbdc5ef70ef85e3","84_3_CAR_e4619747e10e10bb960487dc8dbdc5ef70ef85e3","CAR_e4619747e10e10bb960487dc8dbdc5ef70ef85e3",null,"How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","CAR_0fbdd75221717e2e192570eeff574ac4072e77d9","84_3_CAR_0fbdd75221717e2e192570eeff574ac4072e77d9","The investor-led crowdfunding model differentiates itself from the usual company-led model by necessitating the participation of an experienced business angel in every round. This 'lead investor' conducts due diligence on the investment opportunity and negotiates the economic terms of the investment before contributing at least 25% of the round. The intended benefit is that any less experienced investors will 1) have the reassurance of knowing that an experienced investor has already assessed the round and 2) invest on the same economic terms as the lead investor.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","84_3","What is the difference between crowdfunding and Angel rounds ?","A successful crowdfunding campaign helps prove to VCs, angel investors and banks that there is a demand for a product in a marketplace, removing some of the risk from the equation. . For startup founders, public crowdfunding is a way of pre-selling a product or service to test the market.",2,null,"How do crowdfunding and angel rounds compare ?","A successful crowdfunding campaign helps prove to VCs, angel investors and banks that there is a demand for a product in a marketplace, removing some of the risk from the equation. . For startup founders, public crowdfunding is a way of pre-selling a product or service to test the market.",2,"","Can you contrast the angel rounds to crowdfunding ?","Funding your startup: Crowdfunding vs. angel investment vs. VC. New technologies have unlocked new ways to raise money for your startup. Here's how you can choose which type of funding is right for you from among the big three options. By Conner Forrest | July 22, 2014, 5:07 AM PST.",0,"","How does seed investment compare with crowdfunding ?","Unlike other crowdfunding platforms like Kickstarter and IndieGoGo, Seed&Spark is purpose-built for film & TV, and its crowdfunding page acts like a registry system, showing potential backers a budget determined by exactly what \"WishList\" items are needed and at what cost. The platform also allows backers to contribute cash or loan specific items to the project. Seed&Spark takes a 5% fee from successfully funded projects, lower than other crowdfunding platforms, and allows campaign supporters to cover the filmmakers' fees. Seed&Spark currently holds a 70% success rate for its crowdfunding campaigns, nearly twice that of Kickstarter, and an average raise of $14,700 per project.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,29,false,"84_3_MARCO_1030161","MARCO_1030161","84_3_MARCO_1030161","MARCO_1030161","84_3_MARCO_1030163","MARCO_1030163",null,"How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","CAR_5cefa817070abab4d61a6d7f096b2852ef9c7653","84_3_CAR_5cefa817070abab4d61a6d7f096b2852ef9c7653","A small but increasing number of angel investors invest online through equity crowdfunding or organize themselves into angel groups or angel networks to share research and pool their investment capital, as well as to provide advice to their portfolio companies.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","84_3","What is the difference between crowdfunding and Angel rounds ?","Crowdfunding at a Glance. Crowdfunding is a method of raising capital through the collective effort of friends, family, customers, and individual investors. This approach taps into the collective efforts of a large pool of individualsâ€”primarily online via social media and crowdfunding platformsâ€”and leverages their networks for greater reach and exposure.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How do crowdfunding and angel rounds compare ?","A small but increasing number of angel investors invest online through equity crowdfunding or organize themselves into angel groups or angel networks to share research and pool their investment capital, as well as to provide advice to their portfolio companies.",0,"","Can you contrast the angel rounds to crowdfunding ?","A small but increasing number of angel investors invest online through equity crowdfunding or organize themselves into angel groups or angel networks to share research and pool their investment capital, as well as to provide advice to their portfolio companies.",0,"","How does seed investment compare with crowdfunding ?","SeedUps is an equity crowdfunding platform for seed investment to launch and focuses on startup companies.  It was founded by Michael Faulkner and Gavin Gallagher in 2010 and is aimed at tech startups in the USA, Ireland and the UK.  Since launch over 2200 tech businesses have registered. It is only available to accredited or sophisticated investors. The platform is headquartered in Republic of Ireland with offices in the UK, US and Canada. Each funding project on SeedUps lasts for the same duration, namely 180 days.",0,null,29,false,"84_3_MARCO_632968","MARCO_632968","84_3_MARCO_1768258","MARCO_1768258","84_3_MARCO_1768258","MARCO_1768258",null,"How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","CAR_e2dc126aa6be3b3253518a5e7a601808b64b5742","84_3_CAR_e2dc126aa6be3b3253518a5e7a601808b64b5742","A successful crowdfunding campaign helps prove to VCs, angel investors and banks that there is a demand for a product in a marketplace, removing some of the risk from the equation. . For startup founders, public crowdfunding is a way of pre-selling a product or service to test the market.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much is a typical A series investment round?","84_4","What 's the usual A - series round like for a startup ?","A series A round is the name typically given to a company's first significant round of venture capital financing. The name refers to the class of preferred stock sold to investors in exchange for their investment.  It is usually the first series of stock after the common stock and common stock options issued to company founders, employees, friends and family and angel investors.",1,null,"How much do you get for the Series A round of financing ?","They led the Series A round of financing for HealthLoop which closed at $10 million. They also led a Series B round of financing for Totango for Totango that raised $19.3 million.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the usual A Series round for startups ?","DEFINITION of 'A Round Financing '. The first major round of business financing by private equity investors or venture capitalists. In private equity investing, an A round, or Series A financing, is usually in the form of convertible preferred stock.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How much is a typical A series round for a startup ?","Series A rounds are traditionally a critical stage in the funding of new companies.  A typical series A round is in the range of $2 million to $10 million, purchasing 10% to 30% of the company. The capital raised during a series A is usually intended to capitalize the company for 6 months to 2 years as it develops its products, performs initial marketing and branding, hires its initial employees, and otherwise undertakes early stage business operations.",4,null,30,true,"84_4_CAR_1efba640126ff68a16d6bbb5f6ee1c7b94ef0f49","CAR_1efba640126ff68a16d6bbb5f6ee1c7b94ef0f49","84_4_CAR_efee632a6c3cae57b89d9fafb4cb6ad67df9a930","CAR_efee632a6c3cae57b89d9fafb4cb6ad67df9a930","84_4_MARCO_8433965","MARCO_8433965",null,"How much is a typical A series investment round?","CAR_8775ef8c3e31222fb7adfae907695d416c5ee917","84_4_CAR_8775ef8c3e31222fb7adfae907695d416c5ee917","Series A rounds are traditionally a critical stage in the funding of new companies.  A typical series A round is in the range of $2 million to $10 million, purchasing 10% to 30% of the company. The capital raised during a series A is usually intended to capitalize the company for 6 months to 2 years as it develops its products, performs initial marketing and branding, hires its initial employees, and otherwise undertakes early stage business operations.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much is a typical A series investment round?","84_4","What 's the usual A - series round like for a startup ?","Series A rounds are traditionally a critical stage in the funding of new companies.  A typical series A round is in the range of $2 million to $10 million, purchasing 10% to 30% of the company. The capital raised during a series A is usually intended to capitalize the company for 6 months to 2 years as it develops its products, performs initial marketing and branding, hires its initial employees, and otherwise undertakes early stage business operations.",4,null,"How much do you get for the Series A round of financing ?","Now that you have agreed on a company valuation with your investors, how do you calculate the price per share for your Series A financing? This can be especially tricky when the company has outstanding convertible notes that are converting into shares of preferred stock in connection with the Series A financing.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the usual A Series round for startups ?","They led the Series A round of financing for HealthLoop which closed at $10 million. They also led a Series B round of financing for Totango for Totango that raised $19.3 million.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much is a typical A series round for a startup ?","The latest example of this is that Le Tote, the â€œNetflix for clothingâ€\u009d startup that rents out apparel and accessories for women to wear and return (you can read a more in-depth description of the company here), has snapped up a hearty new Series A funding round worth $8.8 million led by Azure Capital Partners.",0,null,30,true,"84_4_CAR_8775ef8c3e31222fb7adfae907695d416c5ee917","CAR_8775ef8c3e31222fb7adfae907695d416c5ee917","84_4_MARCO_5788318","MARCO_5788318","84_4_CAR_efee632a6c3cae57b89d9fafb4cb6ad67df9a930","CAR_efee632a6c3cae57b89d9fafb4cb6ad67df9a930",null,"How much is a typical A series investment round?","MARCO_5988952","84_4_MARCO_5988952","Smaller investment amounts are usually not worth the legal and financial expense, the burden on a company of adjusting its capital structure to serve new investors, and the analysis and due diligence on the part of institutional investors. A company that needs money for operations but is not yet ready for venture capital will typically seek angel capital. Larger amounts are usually unwarranted given the cost of business in fields such as software, data services, telecommunications, and so on. However, there are routinely series A rounds in excess of $10 million in fields such as pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, and real estate development.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much is a typical A series investment round?","84_4","What 's the usual A - series round like for a startup ?","When investing in a startup, there are different types of stages in which the investor can participate. The first round is called seed round. The seed round generally is when the startup is still in the very early phase of execution when their product is still in the prototype phase. At this level angel investors will be the ones participating. The next round is called Series A. At this point the company already has traction and may be making revenue. In Series A rounds venture capital firms will be participating alongside angels or super angel investors. The next rounds are Series B, C, and D. These three rounds are the ones leading towards the IPO. Venture capital firms and private equity firms will be participating.",0,null,"How much do you get for the Series A round of financing ?","Momo Inc. reportedly raised USD 2.5 million in Series A financing. Angel investor, PurpleSky Capital (ZiHui ChuangTou), and Matrix Hong Kong led this round of financing.  However, Momo Inc.'s Form F-1 filed with the SEC reports that USD 5 million was raised in this round of financing. Momo Inc. completed its Series B financing in October 2012. This round of financing was led by two institution investors and received $100 million valuation. China Renaissance Partners acted as the exclusive financial advisor. There was much speculation as to whether or not Chinese e-commerce giant, Alibaba Group, was involved in this round of financing. Momo Inc.’s registration statement verifies this claim. In total, Momo Inc. raised approximately USD 40 million.In October 2013, raised USD 45 million in Series C financing. Matrix Hong Kong, Gothic Partners, L.P., PJF Acorn I Trust, Gansett Partners, L.L.C., PH momo investment Ltd., Tenzing Holding 2011 Ltd., Alibaba Investment Limited, and DST Team Fund Limited were all issued and sold Series C preferred shares.In May 2014, Momo Inc. raised USD 211.8 million in Series D financing. Momo Inc. sold Series D preferred shares to Sequoia Capital China Investment Holdco II, Ltd., Sequoia Capital China GF Holdco III-A, Ltd., SC China Growth III Co-Investment 2014-A, L.P., Rich Moon Limited, and Tiger Global Eight Holdings.",0,null,"What is the usual A Series round for startups ?","The amount of equity that a note converts into depends on the price of the A round plus 2 key components of the your note. 1  Discount Rate: The discount rate establishes how much you will be compensated for the additional risk you take on by investing in a company before the series A investors.",0,"","How much is a typical A series round for a startup ?","The company received an initial seed round of $250,000. In September 2014, they raised another $1 million in its series A round of funding led by Tengelmann Ventures in Germany as well as investments from 500 Startups in the U.S. and Malaysia-based Asia Venture Group.",0,null,30,true,"84_4_CAR_7d5f02e994807ef1189d98f49b366781eaa2c622","CAR_7d5f02e994807ef1189d98f49b366781eaa2c622","84_4_CAR_28c0522578202d052cac98185927cefd4b947224","CAR_28c0522578202d052cac98185927cefd4b947224","84_4_MARCO_1331288","MARCO_1331288",null,"How much is a typical A series investment round?","CAR_21e1b42e23f4b586be918059153fba57038863f3","84_4_CAR_21e1b42e23f4b586be918059153fba57038863f3","In September 2016 FinanceFox announced a Series A investment of $28m. The round was led by Target Global and Horizons Ventures - the private investment vehicle of Li Ka-Shing. This investment was the largest sum invested in an Insurtech company in Europe to date.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the risks of investing in startups?","84_5","What danger is there to investing in an A - series round ?","A series A round is the name typically given to a company's first significant round of venture capital financing. The name refers to the class of preferred stock sold to investors in exchange for their investment.  It is usually the first series of stock after the common stock and common stock options issued to company founders, employees, friends and family and angel investors.",0,null,"What are the risks for investors in a Series A round of financing ?","Series A Round. Typically, the Series A is the company's first institutional financing, and is led by one or more venture investors. Valuation in this round will reflect progress made with seed capital, the quality of the management team and other qualitative assessments conducted in the seed round.",0,"","Is it risky to invest in an A Series round ?","Riskified secured $1.7 million in seed funding in 2012 from Genesis Partners. In 2014, Riskified secured an additional $4 million in a Series A funding round led by Genesis Partners and joined by notable investors, including Entree Capital and Founder Collective.  In February 2016 Riskified secured an additional $25 million in a Series B funding round let by Qumra Capital and NTT DoCoMo Investments.",0,"","What are the risks of investing in a startup ?","Investors are generally most attracted to those new companies distinguished by their strong co-founding team, a balanced \"risk/reward\" profile (in which high risk due to the untested, disruptive innovations is balanced out by high potential returns) and \"scalability\" (the likelihood that a start-up can expand its operations by serving more markets or more customers). Attractive startups generally have lower \"bootstrapping\" (self-funding of startups by the founders) costs, higher risk, and higher potential return on investment. Successful startups are typically more scalable than an established business, in the sense that the startup has the potential to grow rapidly with a limited investment of capital, labor or land. Timing has often been the single most important factor for biggest startup successes, while at the same time it's identified to be one of the hardest things to master by many serial entrepreneurs and investors.",0,null,31,false,"84_5_CAR_1efba640126ff68a16d6bbb5f6ee1c7b94ef0f49","CAR_1efba640126ff68a16d6bbb5f6ee1c7b94ef0f49","84_5_MARCO_4731188","MARCO_4731188","84_5_CAR_d7b8262982a3d239f23de9583e479850d50ce50f","CAR_d7b8262982a3d239f23de9583e479850d50ce50f",null,"What are the risks of investing in startups?","CAR_0275bfb718b64475376fc1154fa43f118c3a007d","84_5_CAR_0275bfb718b64475376fc1154fa43f118c3a007d","Investing in startups is risky business, and one of the best ways to manage the risk is to go with people who already have startup experience. Related: The 5 Best Pitch Tactics I Heard as an Angel Investor. I've heard this at least a dozen times in investor discussions: Bet on the jockey not the horse..",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the risks of investing in startups?","84_5","What danger is there to investing in an A - series round ?","The typical venture capital investment occurs after the seed funding round as the first round of institutional capital to fund growth (also referred to as Series A round) in the interest of generating a return through an eventual exit event, such as an IPO or trade sale of the company.n exchange for the high risk that venture capitalists assume by investing in smaller and less mature companies, venture capitalists usually get significant control over company decisions, in addition to a significant portion of the company's ownership (and consequently value).",0,null,"What are the risks for investors in a Series A round of financing ?","BREAKING DOWN 'A Round Financing '. When investing in companies, private equity investors typically prefer convertible preferred stock to common stock for the various rounds of financing, such as Series A, Series B etc., because of the special features of the security.",0,"","Is it risky to invest in an A Series round ?","The amount of equity that a note converts into depends on the price of the A round plus 2 key components of the your note. 1  Discount Rate: The discount rate establishes how much you will be compensated for the additional risk you take on by investing in a company before the series A investors.",0,"","What are the risks of investing in a startup ?","At this stage, the risk of losing the investment is tremendously high, because there are so many uncertain factors. The market research may reveal that there is no demand for the product or service, or it may reveal that there is already established companies serving this demand. Research by J.C. Ruhnka and J.E. Young shows that the risk of losing the investment for the VC firm is around 66.2% and the causation of major risk by stage of development is 72% .  The Harvard report by William R. Kerr, Josh Lerner, and Antoinette Schoar, however, shows evidence that angel-funded startup companies are less likely to fail than companies that rely on other forms of initial financing.",0,null,31,false,"84_5_MARCO_2831591","MARCO_2831591","84_5_MARCO_8433967","MARCO_8433967","84_5_MARCO_1331288","MARCO_1331288",null,"What are the risks of investing in startups?","CAR_19e37e12e6828f77be83a9d71827ae74dc6c3462","84_5_CAR_19e37e12e6828f77be83a9d71827ae74dc6c3462","Investors are generally most attracted to those new companies distinguished by their strong co-founding team, a balanced \"risk/reward\" profile (in which high risk due to the untested, disruptive innovations is balanced out by high potential returns) and \"scalability\" (the likelihood that a start-up can expand its operations by serving more markets or more customers). Attractive startups generally have lower \"bootstrapping\" (self-funding of startups by the founders) costs, higher risk, and higher potential return on investment. Successful startups are typically more scalable than an established business, in the sense that the startup has the potential to grow rapidly with a limited investment of capital, labor or land. Timing has often been the single most important factor for biggest startup successes, while at the same time it's identified to be one of the hardest things to master by many serial entrepreneurs and investors.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the risks of investing in startups?","84_5","What danger is there to investing in an A - series round ?","BREAKING DOWN 'A Round Financing '. When investing in companies, private equity investors typically prefer convertible preferred stock to common stock for the various rounds of financing, such as Series A, Series B etc., because of the special features of the security.",0,null,"What are the risks for investors in a Series A round of financing ?","A series A round is the name typically given to a company's first significant round of venture capital financing. The name refers to the class of preferred stock sold to investors in exchange for their investment.  It is usually the first series of stock after the common stock and common stock options issued to company founders, employees, friends and family and angel investors.",0,"","Is it risky to invest in an A Series round ?","BREAKING DOWN 'A Round Financing '. When investing in companies, private equity investors typically prefer convertible preferred stock to common stock for the various rounds of financing, such as Series A, Series B etc., because of the special features of the security.",0,"","What are the risks of investing in a startup ?","Investing in startups is risky business, and one of the best ways to manage the risk is to go with people who already have startup experience. Related: The 5 Best Pitch Tactics I Heard as an Angel Investor. I've heard this at least a dozen times in investor discussions: Bet on the jockey not the horse..",0,null,31,false,"84_5_MARCO_8433967","MARCO_8433967","84_5_CAR_1efba640126ff68a16d6bbb5f6ee1c7b94ef0f49","CAR_1efba640126ff68a16d6bbb5f6ee1c7b94ef0f49","84_5_MARCO_8433967","MARCO_8433967",null,"What are the risks of investing in startups?","MARCO_1768265","84_5_MARCO_1768265","At this stage, the risk of losing the investment is tremendously high, because there are so many uncertain factors. The market research may reveal that there is no demand for the product or service, or it may reveal that there is already established companies serving this demand. Research by J.C. Ruhnka and J.E. Young shows that the risk of losing the investment for the VC firm is around 66.2% and the causation of major risk by stage of development is 72% .  The Harvard report by William R. Kerr, Josh Lerner, and Antoinette Schoar, however, shows evidence that angel-funded startup companies are less likely to fail than companies that rely on other forms of initial financing.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","84_6","What are the types of instruments employed in the VC world ?","The instruments most commonly employed include several varieties of two-stringed bowed lutes; the  zixian (字弦)  erxian or touxian ((头弦) the lead instrument in the Kejia style, shorter and higher-pitched than the erxian), the tihu (of lower pitch than the zixian, adapted from the Cantonese gaohu) and the big and small yehu (coconut shell body), as well as several types of plucked lutes; the pipa, big and small sanxian (a fretless bass instrument like the shamisen), qinqin (four-stringed with short, fretted neck and round body), ruan (four-stringed with long, fretted neck and round body) and meihuaqin. Other than this, the zheng (zither) and yangqin (a hammered dulcimer thought to derive from the Iranian santur) are played as well as percussion instruments, a hand-held wooden clapper (muban), a pair of \"temple\" blocks (daban and fuban) that mark the beat and a small drum (zhegu).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the different kinds of instruments used by VCs for funding startups ?","Venture capitalists (VC) frequently use convertible equity to invest in startups. Convertible preferred equity blends features of debt and equity into a single security. Typically, the initial investment is structured as a debt claim, earning interest that accrues unpaid by the company.",1,"","What are some of the instruments used by VCs to raise money for startups ?","Venture capitalists (VC) frequently use convertible equity to invest in startups. Convertible preferred equity blends features of debt and equity into a single security. Typically, the initial investment is structured as a debt claim, earning interest that accrues unpaid by the company.",1,"","What are the different types of instruments used by VCs for seed investment ?","Venture capitalists (VC) frequently use convertible equity to invest in startups. Convertible preferred equity blends features of debt and equity into a single security. Typically, the initial investment is structured as a debt claim, earning interest that accrues unpaid by the company.",1,null,32,true,"84_6_CAR_51756c28399434b44810b844062e41f7516817dc","CAR_51756c28399434b44810b844062e41f7516817dc","84_6_MARCO_8742505","MARCO_8742505","84_6_MARCO_8742505","MARCO_8742505",null,"What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","MARCO_8742505","84_6_MARCO_8742505","Venture capitalists (VC) frequently use convertible equity to invest in startups. Convertible preferred equity blends features of debt and equity into a single security. Typically, the initial investment is structured as a debt claim, earning interest that accrues unpaid by the company.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","84_6","What are the types of instruments employed in the VC world ?","Equity Instruments. Equity instruments are papers that demonstrate an ownership interest in a business. Unlike debt instruments, equity instruments cede ownership, and some control, of a business to investors who provide private capital to a business. Stocks are equity instruments. Two main types of stocks exist. The first type is preferred stock. The second type is common stock. Businesses issue stock in shares and, typically, the greater the amount of shares a single investor possesses, the greater the ownership interest in the company.",0,null,"What are the different kinds of instruments used by VCs for funding startups ?","Unlike a convertible note, a safe is not a debt instrument. Debt instruments have maturity dates, are typically subject to certain regulations, create the threat of insolvency, and can include security interests and sometimes subordination agreements, all of which can have unintended negative consequences for startups.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some of the instruments used by VCs to raise money for startups ?","Investment crowdfunding can be debt-based or equity-based, or can follow other models, including profit-sharing and hybrid models. The term equity crowdfunding is often used to describe crowd investing into both debt and equity based instruments when they are offered on an equity crowdfunding platform. The first known equity based crowdfunding platform for startups was launched as a private beta in June, 2009 by Grow VC Group followed by full commercial launch in February 2010 The first US. based company ProFounder launched model for startups to raise investments directly on the site in May 2011, but deciding later to shut down its business due regulatory reasons preventing them from continuing, having launched their model prior to JOBS Act. One of the first operational equity crowdfunding platforms in the USA was EquityNet, and other early platforms include CrowdCube and Seedrs in the UK.",0,"","What are the different types of instruments used by VCs for seed investment ?","Convertible debt is an investment structure used by startups at a seed round. Convertible debt which will convert to stock in the startup's future.",0,null,32,true,"84_6_MARCO_7410795","MARCO_7410795","84_6_MARCO_1898773","MARCO_1898773","84_6_CAR_1407caa4deb3593336c24f607763bbae6457384b","CAR_1407caa4deb3593336c24f607763bbae6457384b",null,"What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","MARCO_2918779","84_6_MARCO_2918779","There is also an in-depth study of contracts between different types of venture capital funds and entrepreneurial firms, including security design, and detailed cash flow, control and veto rights.",0,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","84_6","What are the types of instruments employed in the VC world ?","In addition, VC theory and VC dimension are instrumental in the theory of empirical processes, in the case of processes indexed by VC classes. Arguably these are the most important applications of the VC theory, and are employed in proving generalization. Several techniques will be introduced that are widely used in the empirical process and VC theory. The discussion is mainly based on the book Weak Convergence and Empirical Processes: With Applications to Statistics.",0,null,"What are the different kinds of instruments used by VCs for funding startups ?","E. Mergers and acquisitions Due to the current economic climate, IPOs have become a rarer occurrence recently, causing venture capital firms to look towards mergers and acquisitions.  This is a more realistic scenario, especially when startup companies do not look to function independently.  Acquisition financing uses investment funds to acquire or buy another company. This may be completed by venture capital firms to align their startup with a complimentary product or business line where the combined companies look to assimilate smoothly, creating advantages.  Acquisitions could also work in the opposite direction where an invested startup is acquired by another firm.  In this case, the CVC would be cashing in by selling its investment. Using the capital gains, it can look to reinvest with a new venture.  Mergers are similar to acquisitions; however, in this case one company is not buying another. Rather the two companies are combining to share resources, processes, and technology, which it hopes to leverage for several advantages such as cost savings, liquidity, market positioning and sharing burdens such as fund raising.",0,"","What are some of the instruments used by VCs to raise money for startups ?","Startups have several options for funding. Venture capital firms and angel investors may help startup companies begin operations, exchanging seed money for an equity stake in the firm. Venture capitalists and angel investors provide financing to a range of startups (a portfolio), with the expectation that a very small number of the start-ups will become viable and make money. In practice though, many startups are initially funded by the founders themselves using \"bootstrapping\", in which loans or monetary gifts from friends and family are combined with savings and credit card debt to finance the venture. Factoring is another option, though it is not unique to startups. Other funding opportunities include various forms of crowdfunding, for example equity crowdfunding, in which the startup seeks funding from a large number of individuals, typically by pitching their idea on the Internet",1,"","What are the different types of instruments used by VCs for seed investment ?","We provide $125,000 in seed investment upon acceptance into XRC Labs broken up into two instruments. We invest $50,000 in exchange for future 6 percent equity in your company when you do a preferred equity round. We use the SAFE document that greatly simplifies the legal setup.",0,null,32,true,"84_6_CAR_2d155339e9896cb2915f90f8206a1c49ea21f262","CAR_2d155339e9896cb2915f90f8206a1c49ea21f262","84_6_CAR_32493200d1ab1a2f63db192ba66f7415473889fe","CAR_32493200d1ab1a2f63db192ba66f7415473889fe","84_6_CAR_a41c4c4dd3dc4ac8dd1372c1c6fd99e80c691e33","CAR_a41c4c4dd3dc4ac8dd1372c1c6fd99e80c691e33",null,"What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","MARCO_4774670","84_6_MARCO_4774670","Venture capital (VC) is a type of private equity, a form of financing that is provided by firms or funds to small, early-stage, emerging firms that are deemed to have high growth potential, or which have demonstrated high growth (in terms of number of employees, annual revenue, or both). Venture capital firms or funds invest in these early-stage companies in exchange for equity–an ownership stake–in the companies they invest in. Venture capitalists take on the risk of financing risky start-ups in the hopes that some of the firms they support will become successful. The start-ups are usually based on an innovative technology or business model and they are usually from the high technology industries, such as information technology (IT), social media or biotechnology.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much does a Lamborghini cost?","85_1","How much is a Lamborghini ?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. The Murcielago has the â€œLP640 Coupeâ€\u009d that retails for $355,000 and the â€œLP640 Roadster,â€\u009d which retails for around $385,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost to buy ?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. The Murcielago has the â€œLP640 Coupeâ€\u009d that retails for $355,000 and the â€œLP640 Roadster,â€\u009d which retails for around $385,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,"","How much does it cost to own a Lamborghini ?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. The Murcielago has the â€œLP640 Coupeâ€\u009d that retails for $355,000 and the â€œLP640 Roadster,â€\u009d which retails for around $385,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,"","How much does a used Lamborghini cost ?","The cheapest new 2010 Lamborghini is the Gallardo at just under $200,000. On the used market the average price of a Lamborghini listed in AutoTrader is $185,000 How do people afford such cars?",4,null,33,false,"85_1_MARCO_2375621","MARCO_2375621","85_1_MARCO_2375621","MARCO_2375621","85_1_MARCO_2375621","MARCO_2375621",null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost?","MARCO_8828760","85_1_MARCO_8828760","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. The Murcielago has the â€œLP640 Coupeâ€\u009d that retails for $355,000 and the â€œLP640 Roadster,â€\u009d which retails for around $385,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much does a Lamborghini cost?","85_1","How much is a Lamborghini ?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost to buy ?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,"","How much does it cost to own a Lamborghini ?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,"","How much does a used Lamborghini cost ?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. The Murcielago has the â€œLP640 Coupeâ€\u009d that retails for $355,000 and the â€œLP640 Roadster,â€\u009d which retails for around $385,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,null,33,false,"85_1_MARCO_541977","MARCO_541977","85_1_MARCO_541977","MARCO_541977","85_1_MARCO_541977","MARCO_541977",null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost?","MARCO_2375621","85_1_MARCO_2375621","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much does a Lamborghini cost?","85_1","How much is a Lamborghini ?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000.",4,null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost to buy ?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000.",4,"","How much does it cost to own a Lamborghini ?","How much Does Lamborghini Gallardo Cost? If you are looking forward to owning a Lamborghini then Lamborghini Gallardo is the easiest way to do so with regard to cost. A new Lamborghini Gallardo can go for $200,000 or higher. The Gallardo LP560-4 went for around $205,000 when it was released. Gallardo cars are classic and many people would do anything to have them. Thatâ€™s why second hand Gallardo cars are very popular in advertisements, going for less than $200,000.",4,"","How much does a used Lamborghini cost ?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,null,33,false,"85_1_MARCO_541979","MARCO_541979","85_1_MARCO_541979","MARCO_541979","85_1_MARCO_1460033","MARCO_1460033",null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost?","MARCO_541977","85_1_MARCO_541977","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","85_2","How would a Lamborghini and a Ferrari compare ?","Opinions from WikiAnswers Users: A Lamborghini has more horsepower than a Ferrari, but a Ferrari has more control. Ferraris are proven to be competitive and have 50 years motor racing history behind them, which includes Formula One. Lamborgini doesn't have anywhere near the same racing history.",2,null,"How different are a Ferrari and a Lamborghini ?","The Lamborghini Gallardo has ten cylinders and the Ferrari has eight cylinders. So the Lamborghini has more power and energy coming from the engine. The Lamborghini Gallardo and the Ferrari 458 Italia have many differences that make each car unique and extraordinary in their own way.",2,"","How do Lamborghinis compare to Ferraris ?","The Lamborghini Aventador is a full-on, range-topping supercar, while the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta is a potent GT-car with supercar performance. Powering the older Lamborghini Aventador is a 6.5-liter V12 engine pumping out 692hp. Consequently, the car can sprint from 0-100km/h in just 2.9 seconds. By comparison, the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta features an even more impressive 6.3-liter front-mounted V12 engine delivering 730hp.",3,"","How does a used Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari ?","The Lamborghini Aventador is a full-on, range-topping supercar, while the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta is a potent GT-car with supercar performance. Powering the older Lamborghini Aventador is a 6.5-liter V12 engine pumping out 692hp. Consequently, the car can sprint from 0-100km/h in just 2.9 seconds. By comparison, the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta features an even more impressive 6.3-liter front-mounted V12 engine delivering 730hp.",3,null,34,true,"85_2_MARCO_2728292","MARCO_2728292","85_2_MARCO_4838099","MARCO_4838099","85_2_MARCO_584979","MARCO_584979",null,"How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","MARCO_584979","85_2_MARCO_584979","Opinions from WikiAnswers Users: A Lamborghini has more horsepower than a Ferrari, but a Ferrari has more control. Ferraris are proven to be competitive and have 50 years motor racing history behind them, which includes Formula One. Lamborgini doesn't have anywhere near the same racing history.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","85_2","How would a Lamborghini and a Ferrari compare ?","The Lamborghini Aventador is a full-on, range-topping supercar, while the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta is a potent GT-car with supercar performance. Powering the older Lamborghini Aventador is a 6.5-liter V12 engine pumping out 692hp. Consequently, the car can sprint from 0-100km/h in just 2.9 seconds. By comparison, the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta features an even more impressive 6.3-liter front-mounted V12 engine delivering 730hp.",3,null,"How different are a Ferrari and a Lamborghini ?","The Lamborghini Aventador is a full-on, range-topping supercar, while the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta is a potent GT-car with supercar performance. Powering the older Lamborghini Aventador is a 6.5-liter V12 engine pumping out 692hp. Consequently, the car can sprint from 0-100km/h in just 2.9 seconds. By comparison, the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta features an even more impressive 6.3-liter front-mounted V12 engine delivering 730hp.",3,"","How do Lamborghinis compare to Ferraris ?","Opinions from WikiAnswers Users: A Lamborghini has more horsepower than a Ferrari, but a Ferrari has more control. Ferraris are proven to be competitive and have 50 years motor racing history behind them, which includes Formula One. Lamborgini doesn't have anywhere near the same racing history.",2,"","How does a used Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari ?","But the reality is that Ferrari both retains and gains value much better than Lamborghini. If you look over the majority of auction sales or compare most new models, Ferrari sells at a higher premium than Lamborghini. It used to be a bigger gap, but Lamborghini has slowly chipped away at the difference.",3,null,34,true,"85_2_MARCO_584979","MARCO_584979","85_2_MARCO_584979","MARCO_584979","85_2_MARCO_2728292","MARCO_2728292",null,"How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","MARCO_584980","85_2_MARCO_584980","The Lamborghini Aventador is a full-on, range-topping supercar, while the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta is a potent GT-car with supercar performance. Powering the older Lamborghini Aventador is a 6.5-liter V12 engine pumping out 692hp. Consequently, the car can sprint from 0-100km/h in just 2.9 seconds. By comparison, the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta features an even more impressive 6.3-liter front-mounted V12 engine delivering 730hp.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","85_2","How would a Lamborghini and a Ferrari compare ?","But the reality is that Ferrari both retains and gains value much better than Lamborghini. If you look over the majority of auction sales or compare most new models, Ferrari sells at a higher premium than Lamborghini. It used to be a bigger gap, but Lamborghini has slowly chipped away at the difference.",3,null,"How different are a Ferrari and a Lamborghini ?","While the Lamborghini is a greater powerhouse, with a larger engine and significantly more torque than the Ferrari, it does not brake as quickly. It is also significantly more expensive than the Ferrari.",2,"","How do Lamborghinis compare to Ferraris ?","While the Lamborghini is a greater powerhouse, with a larger engine and significantly more torque than the Ferrari, it does not brake as quickly. It is also significantly more expensive than the Ferrari.",2,"","How does a used Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari ?","Opinions from WikiAnswers Users: A Lamborghini has more horsepower than a Ferrari, but a Ferrari has more control. Ferraris are proven to be competitive and have 50 years motor racing history behind them, which includes Formula One. Lamborgini doesn't have anywhere near the same racing history.",2,null,34,true,"85_2_MARCO_584980","MARCO_584980","85_2_MARCO_3246899","MARCO_3246899","85_2_MARCO_3246899","MARCO_3246899",null,"How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","MARCO_2728292","85_2_MARCO_2728292","While the Lamborghini is a greater powerhouse, with a larger engine and significantly more torque than the Ferrari, it does not brake as quickly. It is also significantly more expensive than the Ferrari.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","85_3","How much for a pimped - out truck ?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a â€œtotally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle.â€\u009d.",4,null,"How much would a pimped - out food truck be ?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a totally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle..",4,"","What would a pimped - out food truck be around ?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a â€œtotally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle.â€\u009d.",4,"","What about for a pimped - out food truck ?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a â€œtotally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle.â€\u009d.",4,null,35,false,"85_3_MARCO_1091415","MARCO_1091415","85_3_MARCO_2228679","MARCO_2228679","85_3_MARCO_1091415","MARCO_1091415",null,"Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","MARCO_1091415","85_3_MARCO_1091415","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a totally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle..",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","85_3","How much for a pimped - out truck ?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a totally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle..",4,null,"How much would a pimped - out food truck be ?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a â€œtotally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle.â€\u009d.",4,"","What would a pimped - out food truck be around ?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a totally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle..",4,"","What about for a pimped - out food truck ?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a totally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle..",4,null,35,false,"85_3_MARCO_2228679","MARCO_2228679","85_3_MARCO_1091415","MARCO_1091415","85_3_MARCO_2228679","MARCO_2228679",null,"Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","MARCO_2228679","85_3_MARCO_2228679","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a â€œtotally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle.â€\u009d.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","85_3","How much for a pimped - out truck ?","Unable to understand how truck-driving can be so hard, the presenters each bought a second-hand lorry for under £5,000. May bought a Scania P94D, Clarkson bought a Renault Magnum and Hammond bought an ERF EC11. Clarkson painted his truck black, resulting in multiple visibility problems. Hammond tried to Americanize his truck by attaching a dog kennel to the front of his truck. May attached many flowers and decorations to make it look like an Indian truck. After decorating their lorries, they were sent to Millbrook Proving Ground, where the first challenge was to successfully powerslide their trucks on a skid pan (as demonstrated by \"The Stig's Lorry-driving Cousin\"). None of them managed, but May and his truck came out unscathed. Clarkson got \"his gear shifter stuck up his arse\", while Hammond's dog kennel fell off.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much would a pimped - out food truck be ?","Forbes Magazine, estimates that an average cost for a food truck is closer to $50,000 - $70,000. This price would include a gently used food truck and â€œreasonableâ€\u009d remodels. If you are willing to spend between $50,000 - $100,000 you can get extra bells and whistles or a completely new truck.",3,"","What would a pimped - out food truck be around ?","Forbes Magazine, estimates that an average cost for a food truck is closer to $50,000 - $70,000. This price would include a gently used food truck and â€œreasonableâ€\u009d remodels. If you are willing to spend between $50,000 - $100,000 you can get extra bells and whistles or a completely new truck.",3,"","What about for a pimped - out food truck ?","Forbes Magazine, estimates that an average cost for a food truck is closer to $50,000 - $70,000. This price would include a gently used food truck and â€œreasonableâ€\u009d remodels. If you are willing to spend between $50,000 - $100,000 you can get extra bells and whistles or a completely new truck.",3,null,35,false,"85_3_CAR_44bb80dd545db01442772f452d7c0b856d4776f3","CAR_44bb80dd545db01442772f452d7c0b856d4776f3","85_3_MARCO_7393098","MARCO_7393098","85_3_MARCO_7393098","MARCO_7393098",null,"Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","MARCO_7393098","85_3_MARCO_7393098","1 Mobile-cuisine.com said that a food truck wrap can cost anywhere from $2,500 up to $5,000. 2  RoamingHunger.com claimed that their quotes ranged anywhere from $2,500 to as much as $5,000. 3  Food Truck wraps are done the same way as any car wrap, by applying a thin vinyl film across the body of the vehicle.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","85_4","What licenses do I need to be an owner of a Lamborghini ?","In 1995, Indonesian corporation MegaTech, Lamborghini's owner at the time, entered into distribution and license agreements with Mexican businessman Jorge Antonio Fernandez Garcia. The agreements give Automóviles Lamborghini Latinoamérica S.A. de C.V. the exclusive distributorship of Lamborghini vehicles and branded merchandise in Latin America and South America. Under the agreements, Automóviles Lamborghini is also allowed to manufacture Lamborghini vehicles and market them worldwide under the Lamborghini brand.",0,null,"What permits are required for a pimped - out food truck ?","Legal definitions and requirements for food trucks vary widely by country and locality. For example, in Toronto, Canada, some of the requirements include business and liability insurance, a Commercial Vehicle Operator’s Registration for the truck, permits for each municipality being operated in (downtown, various suburbs), a food handler certificate, appropriate driver's licenses for drivers, assistant's licenses for assistants, and a health inspection.",4,"","What licenses do I need for a pimped - out food truck ?","Legal definitions and requirements for food trucks vary widely by country and locality. For example, in Toronto, Canada, some of the requirements include business and liability insurance, a Commercial Vehicle Operator’s Registration for the truck, permits for each municipality being operated in (downtown, various suburbs), a food handler certificate, appropriate driver's licenses for drivers, assistant's licenses for assistants, and a health inspection.",4,"","What licenses and permits are needed for a pimped - out food truck ?","Legal definitions and requirements for food trucks vary widely by country and locality. For example, in Toronto, Canada, some of the requirements include business and liability insurance, a Commercial Vehicle Operator’s Registration for the truck, permits for each municipality being operated in (downtown, various suburbs), a food handler certificate, appropriate driver's licenses for drivers, assistant's licenses for assistants, and a health inspection.",4,null,36,true,"85_4_CAR_ebc926d1cb6894bfab88ac921890461a6168675c","CAR_ebc926d1cb6894bfab88ac921890461a6168675c","85_4_CAR_ddb17bf9b00536f2f8546e0c0ed839a280783c27","CAR_ddb17bf9b00536f2f8546e0c0ed839a280783c27","85_4_CAR_ddb17bf9b00536f2f8546e0c0ed839a280783c27","CAR_ddb17bf9b00536f2f8546e0c0ed839a280783c27",null,"What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","CAR_ddb17bf9b00536f2f8546e0c0ed839a280783c27","85_4_CAR_ddb17bf9b00536f2f8546e0c0ed839a280783c27","Health Permit. One of the first things you need to do as a food truck operator is get your health permit, which will determine where youâ€™re legal to serve. That will, in turn, determine so much of your service: the location, hours, your audience, and other street food vendors you may partner with.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","85_4","What licenses do I need to be an owner of a Lamborghini ?","Lamborghini licenses its brand to manufacturers that produce a variety of Lamborghini-branded consumer goods including scale models, clothing, accessories, bags, electronics and laptop computers.",0,null,"What permits are required for a pimped - out food truck ?","Health Permit. One of the first things you need to do as a food truck operator is get your health permit, which will determine where youâ€™re legal to serve. That will, in turn, determine so much of your service: the location, hours, your audience, and other street food vendors you may partner with.",2,"","What licenses do I need for a pimped - out food truck ?","Health Permit. One of the first things you need to do as a food truck operator is get your health permit, which will determine where youâ€™re legal to serve. That will, in turn, determine so much of your service: the location, hours, your audience, and other street food vendors you may partner with.",2,"","What licenses and permits are needed for a pimped - out food truck ?","Health Permit. One of the first things you need to do as a food truck operator is get your health permit, which will determine where youâ€™re legal to serve. That will, in turn, determine so much of your service: the location, hours, your audience, and other street food vendors you may partner with.",2,null,36,true,"85_4_CAR_7df39de2979db9c457c8ce1aefc757a6ac60fb8c","CAR_7df39de2979db9c457c8ce1aefc757a6ac60fb8c","85_4_MARCO_5340624","MARCO_5340624","85_4_MARCO_5340624","MARCO_5340624",null,"What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","MARCO_5340624","85_4_MARCO_5340624","Legal definitions and requirements for food trucks vary widely by country and locality. For example, in Toronto, Canada, some of the requirements include business and liability insurance, a Commercial Vehicle Operator’s Registration for the truck, permits for each municipality being operated in (downtown, various suburbs), a food handler certificate, appropriate driver's licenses for drivers, assistant's licenses for assistants, and a health inspection.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","85_4","What licenses do I need to be an owner of a Lamborghini ?","Not too flashy for a ticket! Tron-like Lamborghini that 'glows in the dark' is seized in London after Qatari driver is pulled over for driving without a licence. Police impound Â£350,000 supercar after owner fails to produce documents. Purple Lamborghini Aventador customised to 'glow in the dark'.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What permits are required for a pimped - out food truck ?","Health Permit. One of the first things you need to do as a food truck operator is get your health permit, which will determine where youâ€™re legal to serve. That will, in turn, determine so much of your service: the location, hours, your audience, and other street food vendors you may partner with.ealth Permit. One of the first things you need to do as a food truck operator is get your health permit, which will determine where youâ€™re legal to serve. That will, in turn, determine so much of your service: the location, hours, your audience, and other street food vendors you may partner with.",3,"","What licenses do I need for a pimped - out food truck ?","Food carts and trucks in the City must be licensed. You must have a license, which is a photo ID badge, to run a food-selling business from a pushcart or truck, either year-round or seasonally. This license is called a Mobile Food Vendor Personal License.",4,"","What licenses and permits are needed for a pimped - out food truck ?","To sell food on the streets, you will need a general business license a DBA and a sellers permit. Step 2. First, prepare your truck or food cart, and obtain the general business license, a DBA registration if you use a trade name such as Street Food is Good Food, and also obtain a sellers permit.",2,null,36,true,"85_4_MARCO_7610128","MARCO_7610128","85_4_MARCO_8598014","MARCO_8598014","85_4_MARCO_4157151","MARCO_4157151",null,"What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","MARCO_7568685","85_4_MARCO_7568685","To sell food on the streets, you will need a general business license a DBA and a sellers permit. Step 2. First, prepare your truck or food cart, and obtain the general business license, a DBA registration if you use a trade name such as Street Food is Good Food, and also obtain a sellers permit.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What makes a good food truck location?","85_5","What are some of the best locations to buy a Lamborghini ?","Popular Lamborghini Locations. 1  Lamborghini cars & trucks for sale in Richardson, TX. 2  Lamborghini cars & trucks for sale in North Miami Beach, FL. 3  Lamborghini cars & trucks for sale in West Palm Beach, FL.  Lamborghini cars & trucks for sale in Houston, 1  TX. Lamborghini cars & trucks for sale in Costa Mesa,  CA.",0,null,"How do successful food trucks choose their location ?","The three drive the food truck across the country back to Los Angeles, serving top-quality Cuban sandwiches and yuca fries. Percy finds ways to promote the food truck on social media websites, and the truck becomes successful in New Orleans and Austin, Texas, where the daily specials include items made with local ingredients such as po' boys and barbecued brisket.",0,"","What are some good locations for a pimped - out food truck ?","Research locations. With a food truck, you can travel to new locations and develop multiple customer bases. You should research prime selling spots, such as business parks, farmerâ€™s markets or roaming food truck events. Zoning regulations and other restrictions may limit your options, however.",4,"","What makes a good location for a pimped - out food truck ?","Research locations. With a food truck, you can travel to new locations and develop multiple customer bases. You should research prime selling spots, such as business parks, farmerâ€™s markets or roaming food truck events. Zoning regulations and other restrictions may limit your options, however.",4,null,37,false,"85_5_MARCO_2034826","MARCO_2034826","85_5_CAR_8d575983dbb23ffd314c351e2b31558d0e08d52c","CAR_8d575983dbb23ffd314c351e2b31558d0e08d52c","85_5_MARCO_1490466","MARCO_1490466",null,"What makes a good food truck location?","MARCO_1490466","85_5_MARCO_1490466","Prior to opening a restaurant location, the business functioned primarily as a mobile kitchen or food truck. The trucks make scheduled stops in the mornings, afternoons and evenings in highly commercial areas, in areas that appeal to consumers in the white-collar workforce, in addition to manual laborers, the stereotypical customers for such establishments. Example stops include tech-industry hubs like the offices of Google, NCSoft, and BioWare. Another part of the service is catering for parties, corporate events, promotions, weddings, festivals, conventions, and various large social events in the area.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What makes a good food truck location?","85_5","What are some of the best locations to buy a Lamborghini ?","Lamborghini Aventadors by City. 1  Lamborghini Aventadors for Sale in Atlanta, GA. 2  Lamborghini Aventadors for Sale in El Paso, TX. 3  Lamborghini Aventadors for Sale in Seattle, WA. 4  Lamborghini Aventadors for Sale in Houston, TX. 5  Lamborghini Aventadors for Sale in Philadelphia, PA. 6  Lamborghini Aventadors for Sale in Oklahoma City, OK.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do successful food trucks choose their location ?","â€œFood trucks must face many barriers in order to break through and find success. These include overcoming a lack of physical location, meeting governmental regulations, finding a way to achieve operational efficiencies, and meeting the needs of mobile consumers.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some good locations for a pimped - out food truck ?","Food trucks, food trucks everywhere. There are over 3 million food trucks around the United States, with the top cities for food truckage being Los Angeles, New York, Austin, Chicago, Houston, Portland, Cleveland, Washington, D.C., Boston, and Miami. (Source) This yearâ€™s food trucks were dominated by tasty tacos, Korean-fusion foods, and, of course, good old-fashioned french fries.",4,"","What makes a good location for a pimped - out food truck ?","The now-defunct Real Good Truck. There are many reasons why a food truck may not succeed. The first things that come to mind are the menu, bad locations, poor marketing and branding, problems with employees and staffing, or not have enough dough (and we donâ€™t mean the bakery kind).",0,null,37,false,"85_5_MARCO_8024009","MARCO_8024009","85_5_MARCO_3633611","MARCO_3633611","85_5_MARCO_3360846","MARCO_3360846",null,"What makes a good food truck location?","MARCO_6213688","85_5_MARCO_6213688","Research locations. With a food truck, you can travel to new locations and develop multiple customer bases. You should research prime selling spots, such as business parks, farmerâ€™s markets or roaming food truck events. Zoning regulations and other restrictions may limit your options, however.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What makes a good food truck location?","85_5","What are some of the best locations to buy a Lamborghini ?","Lamborghini Aventadors by City. 1  Lamborghini Aventadors for Sale in Denver, CO. 2  Lamborghini Aventadors for Sale in Atlanta, GA. 3  Lamborghini Aventadors for Sale in San Antonio, TX.  Lamborghini Aventadors for Sale in Portland, 1  OR. Lamborghini Aventadors for Sale in Washington, 2  DC. Lamborghini Aventadors for Sale in Raleigh,  NC.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do successful food trucks choose their location ?","Many food truck owners have found that their sales increase when they sell in a food truck park or at an event attended by other food trucks because people are more likely to buy one thing from each truck so that they can sample everything.",4,"","What are some good locations for a pimped - out food truck ?","Food trucks have become a popular phenomenon in Tampa and St. Petersburg, Florida. Food trucks have a large following in and around downtown Tampa and have been supported by Tampa mayor Bob Buckhorn who organized a monthly food truck rally downtown. There is also an evening of food trucks and short movies (Flicks and Food Trucks) between downtown and the Channelside District. Food truck rallies drawing thousands of people have taken place in Seminole Heights and South Tampa. A regular food truck event is also held at the farmer's market in Odessa, Florida with live music.",3,"","What makes a good location for a pimped - out food truck ?","Prior to opening a restaurant location, the business functioned primarily as a mobile kitchen or food truck. The trucks make scheduled stops in the mornings, afternoons and evenings in highly commercial areas, in areas that appeal to consumers in the white-collar workforce, in addition to manual laborers, the stereotypical customers for such establishments. Example stops include tech-industry hubs like the offices of Google, NCSoft, and BioWare. Another part of the service is catering for parties, corporate events, promotions, weddings, festivals, conventions, and various large social events in the area.",4,null,37,false,"85_5_MARCO_1460029","MARCO_1460029","85_5_MARCO_7437390","MARCO_7437390","85_5_CAR_4225c1d6437458f2b7c99ca1d526f5452873b850","CAR_4225c1d6437458f2b7c99ca1d526f5452873b850",null,"What makes a good food truck location?","CAR_c20a9ae9684abfa2b3400cd5c2ed10577c9b1e7d","85_5_CAR_c20a9ae9684abfa2b3400cd5c2ed10577c9b1e7d","The now-defunct Real Good Truck. There are many reasons why a food truck may not succeed. The first things that come to mind are the menu, bad locations, poor marketing and branding, problems with employees and staffing, or not have enough dough (and we donâ€™t mean the bakery kind).",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is a typical day like running a food truck?","85_6","What are the daily routines of an owner of a Lamborghini ?","One owner secretly records their reactions. 1  Allen Wong made millions after he created a phone app called Radio 5-0. 2  He subsequently bought a 2012 Lamborghini Aventador worth Â£260,000. 3  But he claims to have been heavily abused while driving the flash car.  So he decided to make a video filming the reactions he received.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How is the day like running a pimped - out food truck ?","For the lunch rush, which is primarily where a food truck is going to be doing their business for the day, there's hours of prep, loading, parking, setup â€¦ hours of cleaning and potentially prep for the next day, said Weber. You can easily work an eight- to 10-hour day for two hours of service..",3,"","What are some of the day - to - day activities of a pimped - out food truck ?","For the lunch rush, which is primarily where a food truck is going to be doing their business for the day, there's hours of prep, loading, parking, setup â€¦ hours of cleaning and potentially prep for the next day, said Weber. You can easily work an eight- to 10-hour day for two hours of service..",3,"","What is a typical day like for a pimped - out food truck ?","For the lunch rush, which is primarily where a food truck is going to be doing their business for the day, there's hours of prep, loading, parking, setup â€¦ hours of cleaning and potentially prep for the next day, said Weber. You can easily work an eight- to 10-hour day for two hours of service..",3,null,38,true,"85_6_MARCO_4119304","MARCO_4119304","85_6_MARCO_5768030","MARCO_5768030","85_6_MARCO_5768030","MARCO_5768030",null,"What is a typical day like running a food truck?","MARCO_5768030","85_6_MARCO_5768030","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is a typical day like running a food truck?","85_6","What are the daily routines of an owner of a Lamborghini ?","The Gallardo is the most practical of the Lamborghinis (as far as Lambos go) and, some might argue, the prettiest as well.It certainly warms the cockles of your heart to see a Spyder standing in the sun-but if you're on a budget, get the two-wheel drive coupe, it will cost you less.Compare. Compare.ccording to reports the yet unidentified owner of INR 2.5-crore Italian super car escaped the fateful situation without any injuries or harm.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How is the day like running a pimped - out food truck ?","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",4,"","What are some of the day - to - day activities of a pimped - out food truck ?","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",4,"","What is a typical day like for a pimped - out food truck ?","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",4,null,38,true,"85_6_MARCO_6602788","MARCO_6602788","85_6_MARCO_5768036","MARCO_5768036","85_6_MARCO_5768036","MARCO_5768036",null,"What is a typical day like running a food truck?","MARCO_5768036","85_6_MARCO_5768036","For the lunch rush, which is primarily where a food truck is going to be doing their business for the day, there's hours of prep, loading, parking, setup â€¦ hours of cleaning and potentially prep for the next day, said Weber. You can easily work an eight- to 10-hour day for two hours of service..",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is a typical day like running a food truck?","85_6","What are the daily routines of an owner of a Lamborghini ?","Lamborghini's increasing wealth allowed him to purchase faster, more expensive cars than the tiny Fiats he had tinkered with during his youth. He owned cars such as Alfa Romeos and Lancias during the early 1950s, and at one point, had enough cars to use a different one every day of the week, adding a Mercedes-Benz 300SL, a Jaguar E-Type coupé, and two Maserati 3500 GTs. Of the latter, Lamborghini said, \"Adolfo Orsi, then the owner of Maserati, was a man I had a lot of respect for: he had started life as a poor boy, like myself. But I did not like his cars much. They felt heavy and did not really go very fast.\"",0,null,"How is the day like running a pimped - out food truck ?","Later that day, they meet Donna (K.D. Aubert) and Money Mike (Katt Williams), who run a fledgling shop called 'Pimps and Hoes.' The shopping center is also the home of a BBQ rib restaurant called 'Bros. BBQ', owned by the cousins' fathers, Willie (John Witherspoon) and Elroy (Don \"D.C.\" Curry).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some of the day - to - day activities of a pimped - out food truck ?","A food truck, mobile kitchen, mobile canteen, roach coach, gut truck, catering truck, or (in Austin, Texas) food trailer, is a mobile venue that transports and sells food.  Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others resemble restaurants on wheels.  Some may cater to specific meals, such as the breakfast truck, lunch truck or lunch wagon, snack truck, kebab trailer (UK), break truck, or taco truck. This list includes notable food trucks companies, and is not a comprehensive list of all food trucks companies.",0,"","What is a typical day like for a pimped - out food truck ?","A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.  Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch. Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common. In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular. Food trucks, along with portable food booths and food carts, are on the front line of the street food industry that serves an estimated 2.5 billion people every day.",1,null,38,true,"85_6_CAR_4a9d6b869b6ffcec6c3b9c2f5e28a00a5e913d82","CAR_4a9d6b869b6ffcec6c3b9c2f5e28a00a5e913d82","85_6_CAR_8a7d5d5bca68a715dc73516bfb45509df6d508f1","CAR_8a7d5d5bca68a715dc73516bfb45509df6d508f1","85_6_CAR_ea1a6b99547ea31a93b5ea59a1ef85280be744dc","CAR_ea1a6b99547ea31a93b5ea59a1ef85280be744dc",null,"What is a typical day like running a food truck?","CAR_f5eb3f15079fafbea5cb667595db6064e4a325cc","85_6_CAR_f5eb3f15079fafbea5cb667595db6064e4a325cc","A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.  Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch. Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common. In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular. Food trucks, along with portable food booths and food carts, are on the front line of the street food industry that serves an estimated 2.5 billion people every day.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How can I run a successful food truck?","85_7","How can I manage a Lamborghini successfully ?","There’s also a ‘Lamborghini Dinamica Veicolo Attiva’ (LDVA) control unit, to manage all of the new systems. Using sensors all over the car to determine the best set-up for all conditions. You can choose from four chassis modes that changes the torque/ESC interface - Sport, Strada, Corsa and Ego (the latter being of course, individual). It’s Sport you want, as that sends 90 per cent of the torque to the rear for full on helmsmithery.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do you run a food truck well ?","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",3,"","What factors influenced a pimped - out food truck 's success ?","A modern-day food truck isn't just an ordinary taco truck one might find at a construction site. In 2009, New York magazine noted that the food truck had \"largely transcended its roach-coach classification and is now a respectable venue for aspiring chefs to launch careers.\" These gourmet trucks' menus run the gamut of ethnic and fusion cuisine. Often focusing on limited but creative dishes at reasonable prices, they offer customers a chance to experience food they otherwise may not. Finding a niche seems to be a path to success for most trucks. While one truck may specialize in outlandish burgers, another may serve only lobster rolls. Food trucks are now even Zagat rated.",1,"","How can I run a pimped - out food truck successfully ?","Here are nine tips for potential food truck operators: 1  How to find your food truck. 2  You can get a food truck for as little as $25,000 and for as much as $125,000.3  But donâ€™t cut corners on your build, says Chris Johnston, owner and founder of Cheesie's Pub & Grub and food truck in Chicago.ere are nine tips for potential food truck operators: 1  How to find your food truck. 2  Secure a commissary. 3  Be creative. 4  Consider catering for private events and festivals. 5  Find customers on social media. 6  Educate customers on cleanliness. 7  Be a good neighbor. 8  Know the laws. 9  Connect with your community.",2,null,39,false,"85_7_CAR_20cd6b7a46afaa70fe87737383144a376f41fbb1","CAR_20cd6b7a46afaa70fe87737383144a376f41fbb1","85_7_MARCO_5768036","MARCO_5768036","85_7_CAR_847f5f133e932d11811a87814c9040bb685fee74","CAR_847f5f133e932d11811a87814c9040bb685fee74",null,"How can I run a successful food truck?","MARCO_8598009","85_7_MARCO_8598009","Talk with someone who already owns a food truck and negotiate a lease or a rental agreement. Start with a low-cost, used cart or trailer. Start selling at a farmers market, art fair booth or pop-up. Talk to a successful restaurant owner about running a food truck for the ownerêžŒs business.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How can I run a successful food truck?","85_7","How can I manage a Lamborghini successfully ?","In the beginning, God created heaven and earth and the Ferrari. And then he created Ferruccio Lamborghini, a man convinced he could have done a better job of just about all of it. Ferruccio is long gone, but Lamborghini management, under the watchful eye of Audi, carries the same conviction.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do you run a food truck well ?","1 Running a food truck is easy. 2  Youâ€™ll get rich running a food truck. 3  If you love to cook, you should open a food truck.  Because youâ€™ve worked in a food truck, youâ€™re ready to run the 1  show. Youâ€™re going to become a celebrity chef.  Food trucks compete unfairly with 1  restaurants. Food trucks donâ€™t pay 2  rent. Food trucks go only to trendy  areas.",1,"","What factors influenced a pimped - out food truck 's success ?","Well, every visual aspect of your food truck businessâ€”all the way from the font used in your logo to the colors that appear on your menu boardâ€”can have an impact on the way people perceive you. With that in mind, itâ€™s essential to choose colors, fonts, and images that integrate with your brand identity.olor. Color is an integral part of your food truckâ€™s design, and it can communicate some big messages about your brand. Some trucks choose colors that bring to mind the foods theyâ€™re serving, while others opt for hues that evoke a certain mindset.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How can I run a pimped - out food truck successfully ?","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",3,null,39,false,"85_7_MARCO_584976","MARCO_584976","85_7_MARCO_5768031","MARCO_5768031","85_7_MARCO_6153990","MARCO_6153990",null,"How can I run a successful food truck?","MARCO_5768036","85_7_MARCO_5768036","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How can I run a successful food truck?","85_7","How can I manage a Lamborghini successfully ?","Horacio Pagani, who formerly managed Lamborghini 's composites, founded Pagani Composite Research in 1988. This new company worked with Lamborghini on numerous projects, including the restyling of the 25th Anniversary Countach, the Lamborghini LM002, the P140 design concept, and the Diablo.In the late 1980s, Pagani began designing his own car, then referred to as the C8 Project.Pagani planned to rename the C8 the Fangio F1 to honour his friend, the five-time Argentinian Formula One champion Juan Manuel Fangio.he final car was named the Zonda C12; the Fangio F1 name was dropped out of respect for Fangio, who died in 1995. It was first presented at the 1999 Geneva Motor Show. In 2005, Pagani announced that it planned to triple its production output within the next three years, and to enter the US market in 2007.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do you run a food truck well ?","Here are nine tips for potential food truck operators: 1  How to find your food truck. 2  You can get a food truck for as little as $25,000 and for as much as $125,000.3  But donâ€™t cut corners on your build, says Chris Johnston, owner and founder of Cheesie's Pub & Grub and food truck in Chicago.ere are nine tips for potential food truck operators: 1  How to find your food truck. 2  Secure a commissary. 3  Be creative. 4  Consider catering for private events and festivals. 5  Find customers on social media. 6  Educate customers on cleanliness. 7  Be a good neighbor. 8  Know the laws. 9  Connect with your community.",2,"","What factors influenced a pimped - out food truck 's success ?","Food trucks fail for the same reason restaurants fail, lack of planning and finance. People have no idea how much hard work and how little pay there is. They tend to only look at the surface of a false glamorous profitable lifestyle.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How can I run a pimped - out food truck successfully ?","1 How to find your food truck. 2  You can get a food truck for as little as $25,000 and for as much as $125,000. 3  But donâ€™t cut corners on your build, says Chris Johnston, owner and founder of Cheesie's Pub & Grub and food truck in Chicago. 4  Itâ€™s the only chance you have to create an efficient mobile unit for your business.ere are nine tips for potential food truck operators: 1  How to find your food truck. 2  Secure a commissary. 3  Be creative. 4  Consider catering for private events and festivals. 5  Find customers on social media. 6  Educate customers on cleanliness. 7  Be a good neighbor. 8  Know the laws. 9  Connect with your community.",2,null,39,false,"85_7_MARCO_8241525","MARCO_8241525","85_7_MARCO_8598009","MARCO_8598009","85_7_MARCO_6213687","MARCO_6213687",null,"How can I run a successful food truck?","MARCO_8598008","85_7_MARCO_8598008","â€œFood trucks must face many barriers in order to break through and find success. These include overcoming a lack of physical location, meeting governmental regulations, finding a way to achieve operational efficiencies, and meeting the needs of mobile consumers.",2,3,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","85_8","What are the best examples of successful Lamborghini owners to emulate ?","One owner secretly records their reactions. 1  Allen Wong made millions after he created a phone app called Radio 5-0. 2  He subsequently bought a 2012 Lamborghini Aventador worth Â£260,000. 3  But he claims to have been heavily abused while driving the flash car.  So he decided to make a video filming the reactions he received.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the best examples of a successful food truck ?","GCG has become an example of \"highly successful\" food carts. Lonely Planet considers the GCG to be one of the top food carts of Portland. In 2009, the GCG won the People's Choice trophy at the Eat Mobile, Willamette Week's annual food cart contest.",3,"","What are some profitable cases to study for a pimped - out food truck ?","Food Truck Case Study â€“ This is a case study with Anthony Salvagno that takes you through the full-process of starting a food truck in real time. Thereâ€™s a full episode on how much was invested in the food truck. If you want a real-world example of how to start a food truck this series is it.",1,"","What are some good examples to learn from for a pimped - out food truck ?","Food Truck Case Study â€“ This is a case study with Anthony Salvagno that takes you through the full-process of starting a food truck in real time. Thereâ€™s a full episode on how much was invested in the food truck. If you want a real-world example of how to start a food truck this series is it.",1,null,40,true,"85_8_MARCO_4119304","MARCO_4119304","85_8_CAR_2d9953a5bd700cef7d28682e80ae42ef33d56f82","CAR_2d9953a5bd700cef7d28682e80ae42ef33d56f82","85_8_MARCO_1091420","MARCO_1091420",null,"What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","MARCO_1091420","85_8_MARCO_1091420","Food Truck Case Study â€“ This is a case study with Anthony Salvagno that takes you through the full-process of starting a food truck in real time. Thereâ€™s a full episode on how much was invested in the food truck. If you want a real-world example of how to start a food truck this series is it.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","85_8","What are the best examples of successful Lamborghini owners to emulate ?","Gautam Hari Singhania the Chairman & Managing Director of the Raymond Group. ref:- lamborghini owners in india. Prateek Madan real estate businessman. ref:- lamborghini owners in india. Views Â· View Upvotes.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the best examples of a successful food truck ?","An Eat St. app for iPhone was released in 2011. It allows users to discover the food trucks in their area, as well as share tips and photos with others on their favourite street food destinations.  The Eat St. app has been relaunched from its original version in a new and improved version 2.0.  The app has been used by over 300,000 food lovers across North America, allowing them to weigh in on their favourite street eats.  It also includes video clips and recipes from vendors that have appeared on the show.  Using this app, users can learn about the vendors in their area, and share their experiences with their community as well as tourists.  The app is very interactive as vendors can update their location using GPS if available on their smart phones, so their biggest fans can know when they are in the area.  The Eat St. app brings food truck fanatics together, and allows them to interact through a shared love.  The app is also a prime example of how successful the food truck industry has become, as well as how successful the TV show has been.",3,"","What are some profitable cases to study for a pimped - out food truck ?","Launch an Empire. Food Truck Empire is here to inspire and help you run a more profitable mobile food business. Enter Your Email To Receive Five Ways Successful Food Truck Owners Increase Profit (Without More Customers).",0,"","What are some good examples to learn from for a pimped - out food truck ?","The service is similar; the truck carries a stock of prepared foods that customers can buy. Ice cream vans are a familiar example of a catering truck in Canada, the United States and United Kingdom. A food truck or mobile kitchen is a modified van with a built-in barbecue grill, deep fryer, or other cooking equipment.",0,null,40,true,"85_8_MARCO_4119309","MARCO_4119309","85_8_CAR_8db2e3a7ec460617aa253e35571515043e47ac3a","CAR_8db2e3a7ec460617aa253e35571515043e47ac3a","85_8_MARCO_8460574","MARCO_8460574",null,"What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","MARCO_1790525","85_8_MARCO_1790525","An Eat St. app for iPhone was released in 2011. It allows users to discover the food trucks in their area, as well as share tips and photos with others on their favourite street food destinations.  The Eat St. app has been relaunched from its original version in a new and improved version 2.0.  The app has been used by over 300,000 food lovers across North America, allowing them to weigh in on their favourite street eats.  It also includes video clips and recipes from vendors that have appeared on the show.  Using this app, users can learn about the vendors in their area, and share their experiences with their community as well as tourists.  The app is very interactive as vendors can update their location using GPS if available on their smart phones, so their biggest fans can know when they are in the area.  The Eat St. app brings food truck fanatics together, and allows them to interact through a shared love.  The app is also a prime example of how successful the food truck industry has become, as well as how successful the TV show has been.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","85_8","What are the best examples of successful Lamborghini owners to emulate ?","Before establishing his reputation as an artist, Patrick Mimran was active as a businessman. After Lamborghini went bankrupt in 1978, Mimran purchased the company with his brother Jean Claude. He served as CEO until 1987, engineering a successful turnaround and selling the company to Chrysler in 1987.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the best examples of a successful food truck ?","The three drive the food truck across the country back to Los Angeles, serving top-quality Cuban sandwiches and yuca fries. Percy finds ways to promote the food truck on social media websites, and the truck becomes successful in New Orleans and Austin, Texas, where the daily specials include items made with local ingredients such as po' boys and barbecued brisket.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are some profitable cases to study for a pimped - out food truck ?","Research locations. With a food truck, you can travel to new locations and develop multiple customer bases. You should research prime selling spots, such as business parks, farmerâ€™s markets or roaming food truck events. Zoning regulations and other restrictions may limit your options, however.",1,"","What are some good examples to learn from for a pimped - out food truck ?","Although food trucks are common at outdoor markets (For example, pizza trucks are common in Marseille and southern France since the 1960's), American-style trucks selling restaurant-quality food first appeared in Paris in 2012. Their owners needed to obtain permission from four separate government agencies, including the Prefecture of Police, but the trucks' offerings—including tacos and hamburgers—have reportedly been very popular.",0,null,40,true,"85_8_CAR_5dd6a215338026fe4b07a68f4be7e8851f577787","CAR_5dd6a215338026fe4b07a68f4be7e8851f577787","85_8_CAR_8d575983dbb23ffd314c351e2b31558d0e08d52c","CAR_8d575983dbb23ffd314c351e2b31558d0e08d52c","85_8_MARCO_1490466","MARCO_1490466",null,"What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","CAR_bbc444781a8d7a3d5c680d729a5bb664987f3c9a","85_8_CAR_bbc444781a8d7a3d5c680d729a5bb664987f3c9a","Basically owning a food truck is your life. Timothy from Flatiron Catering Group. The food truck world is just like a restaurant, itâ€™s dog-eat-dog, and no one is going to help you figure it out. The way to succeed is to earn respect from your fellow food truckers. Paawan from The Chai Cart",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","85_9","How did Lamborghini become such an amazing success ? Were just the flavors ?","Spurred on by his success in tractors, Ferruccio Lamborghini decided to start building exclusive luxury cars, and so the GT 400 Lamborghini e came out in 1962, followed by the MIURA in 1964.",0,null,"What makes a food truck so different , excluding innovative dishes ?","Food carts are different from food trucks because they do not travel under their own power. Some food carts are towed by another vehicle, while some alternatively are pushed by a human or animal or bicycle.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Besides the food , what made a pimped - out food truck so successful ?","A modern-day food truck isn't just an ordinary taco truck one might find at a construction site. In 2009, New York magazine noted that the food truck had \"largely transcended its roach-coach classification and is now a respectable venue for aspiring chefs to launch careers.\" These gourmet trucks' menus run the gamut of ethnic and fusion cuisine. Often focusing on limited but creative dishes at reasonable prices, they offer customers a chance to experience food they otherwise may not. Finding a niche seems to be a path to success for most trucks. While one truck may specialize in outlandish burgers, another may serve only lobster rolls. Food trucks are now even Zagat rated.",0,"","Besides inventive flavors , what made a food truck successful ?","Some vendors operate out of food trucks and food carts, which offer a low overhead for entrepreneurs and often serve a huge variety of cuisines. Like restaurants, they are regulated and subject to inspections by local municipal or county health departments. Food trucks surged in popularity after the success of the Korean–Mexican fusion truck Kogi Korean BBQ in Los Angeles in 2009. According to Smithsonian Magazine, the hip new generation of food trucks \"are the new incubators of culinary innovation,\" with Kogi serving novel concoctions such as kimchi quesadillas, and gourmet ice cream truck Coolhaus serving inventive flavors such as Avocado Sriracha, Brown Butter Candied Bacon, and Fried Chicken & Waffles.",0,null,41,false,"85_9_CAR_5fa406c1a9e09217d9d1360fc4ff8835106d977f","CAR_5fa406c1a9e09217d9d1360fc4ff8835106d977f","85_9_CAR_c698eb686faffdc90ac3350e8e37b9d242e446be","CAR_c698eb686faffdc90ac3350e8e37b9d242e446be","85_9_CAR_847f5f133e932d11811a87814c9040bb685fee74","CAR_847f5f133e932d11811a87814c9040bb685fee74",null,"Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","CAR_b883f1a3da907f244282172cfdbd01f3e3905d0e","85_9_CAR_b883f1a3da907f244282172cfdbd01f3e3905d0e","The attraction, however, depends only partly on the flavors. Media accounts emphasize the social aspect of eating at the ever-mobile Kogi. According to the New York Times, \"The truck and its staff of merry makers have become a sort of roving party, bringing people to neighborhoods they might not normally go to, and allowing for interactions with strangers they might not otherwise talk to.\"",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","85_9","How did Lamborghini become such an amazing success ? Were just the flavors ?","Based on the initial success of the Carioca, Lamborghini founded Lamborghini Trattori and began manufacturing tractors.",0,null,"What makes a food truck so different , excluding innovative dishes ?","All food is prepared and cooked to order by the staff on the truck. Excepting their signature dishes, the menu remains flexible and rotates depending on its location. Additionally, the truck offers several secret off-menu items.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Besides the food , what made a pimped - out food truck so successful ?","Some vendors operate out of food trucks and food carts, which offer a low overhead for entrepreneurs and often serve a huge variety of cuisines. Like restaurants, they are regulated and subject to inspections by local municipal or county health departments. Food trucks surged in popularity after the success of the Korean–Mexican fusion truck Kogi Korean BBQ in Los Angeles in 2009. According to Smithsonian Magazine, the hip new generation of food trucks \"are the new incubators of culinary innovation,\" with Kogi serving novel concoctions such as kimchi quesadillas, and gourmet ice cream truck Coolhaus serving inventive flavors such as Avocado Sriracha, Brown Butter Candied Bacon, and Fried Chicken & Waffles.",0,"","Besides inventive flavors , what made a food truck successful ?","Tracking food trucks has been made easy with social media like Facebook and Twitter, where a favorite gourmet truck can be located at any moment, with updates on specials, new menu items and location changes. In fact, it could be argued that social media was the biggest contributing factor to the breakthrough success of the gourmet food truck. In addition to social media, there are a number of food truck tracking apps for smartphones: some cover specific geographical regions, others work everywhere.",4,null,41,false,"85_9_CAR_c564ff6a45cb38cd0635b6a0511f3ea0c7cb6341","CAR_c564ff6a45cb38cd0635b6a0511f3ea0c7cb6341","85_9_CAR_e1714357e688debb6f24f02dc465654e6b36cae3","CAR_e1714357e688debb6f24f02dc465654e6b36cae3","85_9_CAR_b883f1a3da907f244282172cfdbd01f3e3905d0e","CAR_b883f1a3da907f244282172cfdbd01f3e3905d0e",null,"Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","CAR_99a90e94458f757d9e662bbefa3a536d91be43de","85_9_CAR_99a90e94458f757d9e662bbefa3a536d91be43de","Some vendors operate out of food trucks and food carts, which offer a low overhead for entrepreneurs and often serve a huge variety of cuisines. Like restaurants, they are regulated and subject to inspections by local municipal or county health departments. Food trucks surged in popularity after the success of the Korean–Mexican fusion truck Kogi Korean BBQ in Los Angeles in 2009. According to Smithsonian Magazine, the hip new generation of food trucks \"are the new incubators of culinary innovation,\" with Kogi serving novel concoctions such as kimchi quesadillas, and gourmet ice cream truck Coolhaus serving inventive flavors such as Avocado Sriracha, Brown Butter Candied Bacon, and Fried Chicken & Waffles.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","85_9","How did Lamborghini become such an amazing success ? Were just the flavors ?","Ferruccio Elio Arturo Lamborghini (; April 28, 1916 – February 20, 1993) was an Italian industrialist. Born to grape farmers from the comune of Cento in the Emilia-Romagna region, his mechanical know-how led him to enter the business of tractor manufacturing in 1948, when he founded Lamborghini Trattori, which quickly became an important manufacturer of agricultural equipment in the midst of Italy's post-WWII economic boom. In 1959, he opened an oil heater factory, Lamborghini Bruciatori, which later entered the business of producing air conditioning equipment. In 1963, he most famously created Automobili Lamborghini, a maker of high-end sports cars in Sant'Agata Bolognese. Lamborghini founded a fourth company, Lamborghini Oleodinamica in 1969. Lamborghini sold off many of his interests by the late 1970s and retired to an estate in Umbria, where he pursued winemaking.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What makes a food truck so different , excluding innovative dishes ?","A modern-day food truck isn't just an ordinary taco truck one might find at a construction site. In 2009, New York magazine noted that the food truck had \"largely transcended its roach-coach classification and is now a respectable venue for aspiring chefs to launch careers.\" These gourmet trucks' menus run the gamut of ethnic and fusion cuisine. Often focusing on limited but creative dishes at reasonable prices, they offer customers a chance to experience food they otherwise may not. Finding a niche seems to be a path to success for most trucks. While one truck may specialize in outlandish burgers, another may serve only lobster rolls. Food trucks are now even Zagat rated.",0,"","Besides the food , what made a pimped - out food truck so successful ?","Many food truck owners have found that their sales increase when they sell in a food truck park or at an event attended by other food trucks because people are more likely to buy one thing from each truck so that they can sample everything.",0,"","Besides inventive flavors , what made a food truck successful ?","â€œFood trucks must face many barriers in order to break through and find success. These include overcoming a lack of physical location, meeting governmental regulations, finding a way to achieve operational efficiencies, and meeting the needs of mobile consumers.",0,null,41,false,"85_9_CAR_0a10fa34e219e7bb08568e2183947cfd405c9ca8","CAR_0a10fa34e219e7bb08568e2183947cfd405c9ca8","85_9_CAR_847f5f133e932d11811a87814c9040bb685fee74","CAR_847f5f133e932d11811a87814c9040bb685fee74","85_9_MARCO_7437390","MARCO_7437390",null,"Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","MARCO_3633611","85_9_MARCO_3633611","Kogi's first \"big break\" came when it got the idea outside of Green Door in Hollywood to contact food bloggers about trying the tacos who then wrote about Kogi.  Its subsequent use of Twitter to announce its location led to considerable buzz on social networking services, leading Newsweek to proclaim Kogi \"America's first viral eatery\".",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the climate like in Utah?","86_1","What is the weather like in Utah ?","On average, Utah weather is quite temperate. Utah is a semiarid state with dry, high country air and plenty of sunshine. Generally speaking, Utah is best experienced with an extra bottle of water and some sunscreen.",2,null,"What type of weather is in Utah ?","On average, Utah weather is quite temperate. Utah is a semiarid state with dry, high country air and plenty of sunshine. Generally speaking, Utah is best experienced with an extra bottle of water and some sunscreen.",2,"","What weather is Utah known for ?","On average, Utah weather is quite temperate. Utah is a semiarid state with dry, high country air and plenty of sunshine. Generally speaking, Utah is best experienced with an extra bottle of water and some sunscreen.",2,"","What is the climate like in Utah ?","Utah-Climate. The climate of Utah is generally semiarid to arid. Temperatures are favorable along the Wasatch Front, where there are relatively mild winters. At Salt Lake City, the normal daily mean temperature is 52Â°F (11Â°C), ranging from 28Â°F (â€“2Â°C) in January to 78Â°F (26Â°C) in July. The record high temperature, 117Â°F (47Â°C), was set at St. George on 5 July 1985; the record low temperature, â€“69Â°F (â€“56Â°C), in Peter's Sink, on 1 February 1985.",2,null,42,true,"86_1_MARCO_4846168","MARCO_4846168","86_1_MARCO_4846168","MARCO_4846168","86_1_MARCO_4846168","MARCO_4846168",null,"What is the climate like in Utah?","MARCO_3989944","86_1_MARCO_3989944","Utah-Climate. The climate of Utah is generally semiarid to arid. Temperatures are favorable along the Wasatch Front, where there are relatively mild winters. At Salt Lake City, the normal daily mean temperature is 52Â°F (11Â°C), ranging from 28Â°F (â€“2Â°C) in January to 78Â°F (26Â°C) in July. The record high temperature, 117Â°F (47Â°C), was set at St. George on 5 July 1985; the record low temperature, â€“69Â°F (â€“56Â°C), in Peter's Sink, on 1 February 1985.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the climate like in Utah?","86_1","What is the weather like in Utah ?","On average, Utah weather is quite temperate. Utah is a semiarid state with dry, high country air and plenty of sunshine. Generally speaking, Utah is best experienced with an extra bottle of water and some sunscreen. Stay hydrated and avoid altitude sickness.",2,null,"What type of weather is in Utah ?","On average, Utah weather is quite temperate. Utah is a semiarid state with dry, high country air and plenty of sunshine. Generally speaking, Utah is best experienced with an extra bottle of water and some sunscreen. Stay hydrated and avoid altitude sickness.",2,"","What weather is Utah known for ?","On average, Utah weather is quite temperate. Utah is a semiarid state with dry, high country air and plenty of sunshine. Generally speaking, Utah is best experienced with an extra bottle of water and some sunscreen. Stay hydrated and avoid altitude sickness.",2,"","What is the climate like in Utah ?","Utah features a dry, semi-arid to desert climate, although its many mountains feature a large variety of climates, with the highest points in the Uinta Mountains being above the timberline. The dry weather is a result of the state's location in the rain shadow of the Sierra Nevada in California. The eastern half of the state lies in the rain shadow of the Wasatch Mountains. The primary source of precipitation for the state is the Pacific Ocean, with the state usually lying in the path of large Pacific storms from October to May. In summer, the state, especially southern and eastern Utah, lies in the path of monsoon moisture from the Gulf of California.",3,null,42,true,"86_1_MARCO_2306242","MARCO_2306242","86_1_MARCO_2306242","MARCO_2306242","86_1_MARCO_2306242","MARCO_2306242",null,"What is the climate like in Utah?","CAR_01ce0134d5848f3eb854adfb79151ff392045a38","86_1_CAR_01ce0134d5848f3eb854adfb79151ff392045a38","Utah features a dry, semi-arid to desert climate, although its many mountains feature a large variety of climates, with the highest points in the Uinta Mountains being above the timberline. The dry weather is a result of the state's location in the rain shadow of the Sierra Nevada in California. The eastern half of the state lies in the rain shadow of the Wasatch Mountains. The primary source of precipitation for the state is the Pacific Ocean, with the state usually lying in the path of large Pacific storms from October to May. In summer, the state, especially southern and eastern Utah, lies in the path of monsoon moisture from the Gulf of California.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the climate like in Utah?","86_1","What is the weather like in Utah ?","On average, Utah weather is quite temperate. Utah is a semiarid state with dry, high country air and plenty of sunshine. Generally speaking, Utah is best experienced with an extra bottle of water and some sunscreen. Stay hydrated and avoid altitude sickness. Your Indiana Jones adventure hat will be right at home at here as well. Should I Bring a Coat?",2,null,"What type of weather is in Utah ?","On average, Utah weather is quite temperate. Utah is a semiarid state with dry, high country air and plenty of sunshine. Generally speaking, Utah is best experienced with an extra bottle of water and some sunscreen. Stay hydrated and avoid altitude sickness. Your Indiana Jones adventure hat will be right at home at here as well. Should I Bring a Coat?",2,"","What weather is Utah known for ?","Utah Weather. There's a saying here in Utah: If you don't like the weather, wait five minutes.. Our weather is as varied as our terrain. Some of our mountains receive over 500 inches of snow in the winter. In the summer, parts of the state can reach temperatures well over 100Â°F.",3,"","What is the climate like in Utah ?","Climate for Salt Lake City, Utah. Salt Lake City's coldest month is January when the average temperature overnight is 21.3Â°F. In July, the warmest month, the average day time temperature rises to 90.6Â°F. The driest month in Salt Lake City is July with 0.72 inches of precipitation, and with 2.09 inches May is the wettest month.",1,null,42,true,"86_1_MARCO_1685132","MARCO_1685132","86_1_MARCO_1685132","MARCO_1685132","86_1_MARCO_2811738","MARCO_2811738",null,"What is the climate like in Utah?","MARCO_7234298","86_1_MARCO_7234298","While Utah is widely perceived to be a desert state, and statistically it is the second driest state in the nation, its climate, soils, and vegetation are as diverse as are its landforms. Utah has three climatic regions--humid, sub-humid or semi-arid, and arid--and each region covers about one-third of the state. The high mountains and plateaus are humid; the lower basins, valleys, and flatlands are often arid; and the transitional places in between are sub-humid to semi-arid.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","86_2","Why is the climate in Salt Lake City so special ?","The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two comfortable, relatively wet transition periods.The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed.owever, the average sub-zero days in a year is 2.3. [1] Salt Lake City averages 26 days with high temperatures at or below freezing. [2] In winter, warm air from the Desert Southwest is usually only drawn up to the city in advance of a cold front arriving from the northwest.",0,null,"What makes Salt Lake City 's climate special ?","The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed. Under the KÃ¶ppen climate classification, Salt Lake City has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa), with relatively drier summers than the rest of the year.",0,"","Is Salt Lake City weather any different from other cities in Utah ?","Salt Lake City Weather. The weather in Salt Lake City, Utah is ideal for recreation in each of the four seasons. Ample snow in the winter make it a top destination for skiers from all over the world. Mild falls and springs are perfect for hiking, biking, fishing and more.",0,"","How does Salt Lake City differ from other cities in Utah ?","Salt Lake City is the cultural and political center of Utah. With a metro area of 1 million residents, Salt Lake is Utah's most populous city by a significant amount, yet remains remarkably pleasant and livable.",0,null,43,false,"86_2_MARCO_158598","MARCO_158598","86_2_MARCO_4888968","MARCO_4888968","86_2_MARCO_315217","MARCO_315217",null,"How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","MARCO_7770830","86_2_MARCO_7770830","Utah-Climate. The climate of Utah is generally semiarid to arid. Temperatures are favorable along the Wasatch Front, where there are relatively mild winters. At Salt Lake City, the normal daily mean temperature is 52Â°F (11Â°C), ranging from 28Â°F (â€“2Â°C) in January to 78Â°F (26Â°C) in July. The record high temperature, 117Â°F (47Â°C), was set at St. George on 5 July 1985; the record low temperature, â€“69Â°F (â€“56Â°C), in Peter's Sink, on 1 February 1985.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","86_2","Why is the climate in Salt Lake City so special ?","The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed. Under the Köppen climate classification, Salt Lake City has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa), with relatively drier summers than the rest of the year. The Pacific Ocean is the primary influence on the weather, contributing storms from about October to May, with spring being the wettest season. Snow falls frequently during the winter, contributed largely by the lake-effect from the Great Salt Lake. The only source of precipitation in the summer is monsoon moisture moving north from the Gulf of California. Summers are hot, frequently reaching above 100 °F (38 °C), while winters are cold and snowy. However, winters are warmer than one would expect at this elevation and latitude, due to the Rocky Mountains to the east and north that usually block powerful polar highs from affecting the state during the winter. Temperatures rarely fall below 0 °F (-18 °C), but frequently stay below freezing. Temperature inversions during winter can lead to thick overnight fog and daytime haze in the valley as cool air, moisture, and pollutants are trapped in the valley by surrounding mountains.",0,null,"What makes Salt Lake City 's climate special ?","Under the KÃ¶ppen climate classification, Salt Lake City has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa), with relatively drier summers than the rest of the year. The Pacific Ocean is the primary influence on the weather, contributing storms from about October to May, with spring being the wettest season.",0,"","Is Salt Lake City weather any different from other cities in Utah ?","The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed.",0,"","How does Salt Lake City differ from other cities in Utah ?","Salt Lake City, Utah, Information. Salt Lake combines the amenities of a major metropolitan area with the friendliness of a small, western city. Hosting the Olympic Winter Games of 2002 enhanced the community's profile as a world-class travel destination, while showcasing Salt Lake as an unspoiled, family-friendly destination.",0,null,43,false,"86_2_CAR_5c03b15e90bdf11d9f6479c735f8d4628c430072","CAR_5c03b15e90bdf11d9f6479c735f8d4628c430072","86_2_MARCO_4080103","MARCO_4080103","86_2_MARCO_4589245","MARCO_4589245",null,"How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","MARCO_5242497","86_2_MARCO_5242497","Climate of Salt Lake City. The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","86_2","Why is the climate in Salt Lake City so special ?","Climate of Salt Lake City. The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed.",0,null,"What makes Salt Lake City 's climate special ?","The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed. Under the Köppen climate classification, Salt Lake City has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa), with relatively drier summers than the rest of the year. The Pacific Ocean is the primary influence on the weather, contributing storms from about October to May, with spring being the wettest season. Snow falls frequently during the winter, contributed largely by the lake-effect from the Great Salt Lake. The only source of precipitation in the summer is monsoon moisture moving north from the Gulf of California. Summers are hot, frequently reaching above 100 °F (38 °C), while winters are cold and snowy. However, winters are warmer than one would expect at this elevation and latitude, due to the Rocky Mountains to the east and north that usually block powerful polar highs from affecting the state during the winter. Temperatures rarely fall below 0 °F (-18 °C), but frequently stay below freezing. Temperature inversions during winter can lead to thick overnight fog and daytime haze in the valley as cool air, moisture, and pollutants are trapped in the valley by surrounding mountains.",0,"","Is Salt Lake City weather any different from other cities in Utah ?","The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed. Under the KÃ¶ppen climate classification, Salt Lake City has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa), with relatively drier summers than the rest of the year.",0,"","How does Salt Lake City differ from other cities in Utah ?","Salt Lake City is the largest retail and wholesale market in Utah, and the city supports a thriving tourism industry. The construction industry remains significant. Salt Lake City is the international headquarters of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.",0,null,43,false,"86_2_MARCO_4705480","MARCO_4705480","86_2_CAR_5c03b15e90bdf11d9f6479c735f8d4628c430072","CAR_5c03b15e90bdf11d9f6479c735f8d4628c430072","86_2_MARCO_4888968","MARCO_4888968",null,"How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","MARCO_6074717","86_2_MARCO_6074717","The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed. Under the KÃ¶ppen climate classification, Salt Lake City has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa), with relatively drier summers than the rest of the year.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","86_3","What are the daily business activities in Salt Lake City ?","Utah's location is very enticing to both companies and employees. With the Rocky Mountains very close, many activities are available year-round. Four distinct seasons offer year round activities including skiing, hiking, and rock climbing. Utah also has many national parks including Zions National Park, Bryce Canyon National Park, Canyonlands National Park.  Salt Lake City is a Delta Airlines hub and is perfectly situated to allow for business day trips from Silicon Valley due to direct, 90-minute flights that cut travel expenses and limits travel time.",0,null,"How does Salt Lake City make money ?","Salt Lake City, UT Salary. Salt Lake City, UT average salary is $71,754, median salary is $65,994 with a salary range from $20,176 to $675,000. Salt Lake City, UT salaries are collected from government agencies and companies. Each salary is associated with a real job position.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is Utah 's economy like ?","Area: 764 square miles. Population. County Seat: Salt Lake City (also the state capital) Where it got its name: named for the Great Salt Lake. Main cities and towns: Salt Lake City, West Valley City, Sandy, West Jordan, Murray. Economy: government, trade, manufacturing, services, transportation and communications, finance, mining, construction, tourism, agriculture.",1,"","What is Salt Lake City 's main economic activity ?","Salt Lake City was originally a farming community; it also depended on mining until the early 1980s when foreign competition began to erode profits from that industry. Today it has grown into a diverse economic region.",0,null,44,true,"86_3_CAR_3032f9961ad90d27775f4318bc7d928f741e3c58","CAR_3032f9961ad90d27775f4318bc7d928f741e3c58","86_3_MARCO_3076275","MARCO_3076275","86_3_MARCO_8366393","MARCO_8366393",null,"What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","MARCO_6074719","86_3_MARCO_6074719","Salt Lake City is the largest retail and wholesale market in Utah, and the city supports a thriving tourism industry. The construction industry remains significant. Salt Lake City is the international headquarters of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","86_3","What are the daily business activities in Salt Lake City ?","Tours/Activities. Free tours located in downtown Salt Lake City on the Historic Thirty Five Acres of Temple Square, are a must see in Utah and your visit to Salt Lake City. Small groups or families need not reserve tours, as Temple Square is open from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. daily and tours can be hosted as you arrive.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How does Salt Lake City make money ?","Salt Lake City is the largest retail and wholesale market in Utah, and the city supports a thriving tourism industry. The construction industry remains significant. Salt Lake City is the international headquarters of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.",2,"","What is Utah 's economy like ?","The service sector produces the most jobs in the city, especially computer and health care services. Government employment is considerable, with the State of Utah, University of Utah, and Salt Lake County among the city's top employers. A number of national financial institutions have established branch offices in Salt Lake City, making it the center of banking and finance for the region.",2,"","What is Salt Lake City 's main economic activity ?","Salt Lake City is the largest retail and wholesale market in Utah, and the city supports a thriving tourism industry. The construction industry remains significant. Salt Lake City is the international headquarters of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.",2,null,44,true,"86_3_MARCO_320548","MARCO_320548","86_3_MARCO_6074717","MARCO_6074717","86_3_MARCO_6074723","MARCO_6074723",null,"What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","MARCO_6074717","86_3_MARCO_6074717","Salt Lake City was originally a farming community; it also depended on mining until the early 1980s when foreign competition began to erode profits from that industry. Today it has grown into a diverse economic region.",2,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","86_3","What are the daily business activities in Salt Lake City ?","Historically known as the \"Crossroads of the West\" for its railroads, when nearby steel, mining and railroad operations provided a strong source of income with Silver King Coalition Mines, Geneva Steel, Bingham Canyon Mine, and oil refineries, Salt Lake City's modern economy is service-oriented. Today the city's major sectors are government, trade, transportation, utilities, and professional and business services. The daytime population of Salt Lake City proper swells to over 315,000 people, not including tourists or students.",3,null,"How does Salt Lake City make money ?","The service sector produces the most jobs in the city, especially computer and health care services. Government employment is considerable, with the State of Utah, University of Utah, and Salt Lake County among the city's top employers. A number of national financial institutions have established branch offices in Salt Lake City, making it the center of banking and finance for the region.",2,"","What is Utah 's economy like ?","Salt Lake City is the largest retail and wholesale market in Utah, and the city supports a thriving tourism industry. The construction industry remains significant. Salt Lake City is the international headquarters of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.",2,"","What is Salt Lake City 's main economic activity ?","Tourism is the main economic activity of the city although it has also become the regional hub for shopping, medical care, banking, etc.",0,null,44,true,"86_3_CAR_d23170c4239a4779abb475016eebcb919c4fd5ba","CAR_d23170c4239a4779abb475016eebcb919c4fd5ba","86_3_MARCO_6074723","MARCO_6074723","86_3_MARCO_6074717","MARCO_6074717",null,"What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","CAR_34f6658d45f8b70858a2e2d3ac14be0615fb3a67","86_3_CAR_34f6658d45f8b70858a2e2d3ac14be0615fb3a67","In eastern Utah petroleum production is a major industry. Near Salt Lake City, petroleum refining is done by a number of oil companies. In central Utah, coal production accounts for much of the mining activity.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","86_4","How did Salt Lake City get affected after the Olympics ?","Salt Lake City was selected to host the 2002 Winter Olympics in 1995. The games were plagued with controversy. A bid scandal surfaced in 1998 alleging bribes had been offered to secure the city for the 2002 games location. During the games, other scandals erupted over contested judging scores and illegal drug use. Despite the controversies, the games were heralded as a financial success, being one of the few in recent history to profit. In preparation major construction projects were initiated. Local freeways were expanded and repaired, and a light rail system was constructed. Olympic venues are now used for local, national, and international sporting events and Olympic athlete training. Tourism has increased since the Olympic games, but business did not pick up immediately following them. Salt Lake City expressed interest in bidding for the 2022 Winter Olympics. However, Beijing was selected to host the 2022 Winter Olympics.",3,null,"What are the benefits of the 2002 Olympics in Salt Lake City ?","The 2002 Olympic Games also benefited the university economically since the Salt Lake 2002 Olympic Cauldron Park was elevated by the renovations that took place. Ice rinks were very scarce in Utah, but due to the Olympic Games, they became plentiful and offered several entertainment and training opportunities for hockey players and figure skaters. The Cauldron Park located at the University of Utah which was built with $6.5 million in profits and had the following features: a visitors’ center which had a theater that showed a thrilling movie about the Olympic Games of 2002 and a \"park\" which had a dazzling pool and a V-shaped stone wall with the names of all the medalists of the 2002 Olympic Games. Besides, the park had 17 plates which hung on the fence of the stadium celebrating the highlights of each day of the Olympics. All these features acted as tourist attraction that boosted the economic development of the university. It is indicated that the approximate value of media exposure through print during the Games was equated to $22.9 million. Mainly, this was a huge economic benefit to the university as more and more people got to know about the educational establishment, and this also boosted enrollment and future development.",1,"","What effects do the 2002 Games have on Utah 's economy ?","Salt Lake City's 2002 Winter Olympics led to an economic boom for Utah's ski industry. Skier visits rose 42% from 2002-2011 including a 70% growth in out-of-state skiers from 2002-2011.<ref>Lee, Jason. \"Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com.\" Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com. KSL, 8 Feb. 2012. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.",3,"","What was the impact of the 2002 games on Salt Lake City ?","Salt Lake City's 2002 Winter Olympics led to an economic boom for Utah's ski industry. Skier visits rose 42% from 2002-2011 including a 70% growth in out-of-state skiers from 2002-2011.<ref>Lee, Jason. \"Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com.\" Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com. KSL, 8 Feb. 2012. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.",3,null,45,false,"86_4_CAR_d7615a178634d3633d60356f34a7539a41109370","CAR_d7615a178634d3633d60356f34a7539a41109370","86_4_CAR_51164241adeb889e0ff6f1c99c802a5a48ee6f9e","CAR_51164241adeb889e0ff6f1c99c802a5a48ee6f9e","86_4_CAR_85a400316f0e7e7a611d5ee779bbdd890df08e82","CAR_85a400316f0e7e7a611d5ee779bbdd890df08e82",null,"What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","CAR_85a400316f0e7e7a611d5ee779bbdd890df08e82","86_4_CAR_85a400316f0e7e7a611d5ee779bbdd890df08e82","Salt Lake City's 2002 Winter Olympics led to an economic boom for Utah's ski industry. Skier visits rose 42% from 2002-2011 including a 70% growth in out-of-state skiers from 2002-2011.<ref>Lee, Jason. \"Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com.\" Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com. KSL, 8 Feb. 2012. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","86_4","How did Salt Lake City get affected after the Olympics ?","After Salt Lake City was awarded the 2002 Winter Olympics in 1995 it soon became obvious that Rice Stadium was not adequate to be the main stadium.  With this in mind, the athletic department decided to completely overhaul the facility to bring it up to modern standards.  After the 1997 season, virtually all of the old stadium was demolished to make way for Rice–Eccles Stadium.  All that remains of the old stadium are the bleachers built in the south end zone in 1982.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the benefits of the 2002 Olympics in Salt Lake City ?","Salt Lake City's 2002 Winter Olympics led to an economic boom for Utah's ski industry. Skier visits rose 42% from 2002-2011 including a 70% growth in out-of-state skiers from 2002-2011.<ref>Lee, Jason. \"Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com.\" Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com. KSL, 8 Feb. 2012. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.",3,"","What effects do the 2002 Games have on Utah 's economy ?","The 2002 Olympic Games also benefited the university economically since the Salt Lake 2002 Olympic Cauldron Park was elevated by the renovations that took place. Ice rinks were very scarce in Utah, but due to the Olympic Games, they became plentiful and offered several entertainment and training opportunities for hockey players and figure skaters. The Cauldron Park located at the University of Utah which was built with $6.5 million in profits and had the following features: a visitors’ center which had a theater that showed a thrilling movie about the Olympic Games of 2002 and a \"park\" which had a dazzling pool and a V-shaped stone wall with the names of all the medalists of the 2002 Olympic Games. Besides, the park had 17 plates which hung on the fence of the stadium celebrating the highlights of each day of the Olympics. All these features acted as tourist attraction that boosted the economic development of the university. It is indicated that the approximate value of media exposure through print during the Games was equated to $22.9 million. Mainly, this was a huge economic benefit to the university as more and more people got to know about the educational establishment, and this also boosted enrollment and future development.",1,"","What was the impact of the 2002 games on Salt Lake City ?","Salt Lake City was host to the 2002 Winter Olympics. At the time of the 2002 Olympics, Salt Lake City was the most populated area to hold a Winter Olympic Games. The event put Salt Lake City in the international spotlight and is regarded by many as one of the most successful Winter Olympics ever.",0,null,45,false,"86_4_CAR_43f648aa8c7ab7d004025f615f68f75596173fea","CAR_43f648aa8c7ab7d004025f615f68f75596173fea","86_4_CAR_85a400316f0e7e7a611d5ee779bbdd890df08e82","CAR_85a400316f0e7e7a611d5ee779bbdd890df08e82","86_4_CAR_51164241adeb889e0ff6f1c99c802a5a48ee6f9e","CAR_51164241adeb889e0ff6f1c99c802a5a48ee6f9e",null,"What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","CAR_f3b7a443e934fdde49cef3aa6f351c30cf67bc8d","86_4_CAR_f3b7a443e934fdde49cef3aa6f351c30cf67bc8d","The economy of Salt Lake City, Utah is primarily service-oriented. While nearby Bingham Canyon Mine (the world's largest open-pit mine) provided a strong source of income during the 19th century, the city has evolved to an economy built on transit hubs, call centers, and seasonal tourism. The 2002 Olympic Winter Games gave a great boost to the area's economy. Many hotels and restaurants were built for the Olympics, and although many survive, they have suffered post-Olympic market saturation.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","86_4","How did Salt Lake City get affected after the Olympics ?","Terrorism affected the last two Olympic Games held in the United States. During the Summer Olympics in 1996 in Atlanta, Georgia, a bomb was detonated at the Centennial Olympic Park, which killed two and injured 111 others. The bomb was set by Eric Rudolph, an American domestic terrorist, who is currently serving a life sentence for the bombing. The 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah, took place just five months after the September 11 attacks, which meant a higher level of security than ever before provided for an Olympic Games. The opening ceremonies of the Games featured symbols of the day's events. They included the flag that flew at Ground Zero, NYPD officer Daniel Rodríguez singing \"God Bless America\", and honour guards of NYPD and FDNY members. The events of that day have made security at the Olympic Games an increasing concern for Olympic planners.",0,null,"What are the benefits of the 2002 Olympics in Salt Lake City ?","Salt Lake City hosted the 2002 Winter Olympics. After early financial struggles and scandal, the 2002 Olympics eventually became among the most successful Winter Olympics in history from a marketing and financial standpoint. Watched by over 2 billion viewers, the Games ended up with a profit of $40 million.",0,"","What effects do the 2002 Games have on Utah 's economy ?","The economy of Salt Lake City, Utah is primarily service-oriented. While nearby Bingham Canyon Mine (the world's largest open-pit mine) provided a strong source of income during the 19th century, the city has evolved to an economy built on transit hubs, call centers, and seasonal tourism. The 2002 Olympic Winter Games gave a great boost to the area's economy. Many hotels and restaurants were built for the Olympics, and although many survive, they have suffered post-Olympic market saturation.",3,"","What was the impact of the 2002 games on Salt Lake City ?","Salt Lake City was selected to host the 2002 Winter Olympics in 1995. The games were plagued with controversy. A bid scandal surfaced in 1998 alleging bribes had been offered to secure the city for the 2002 games location. During the games, other scandals erupted over contested judging scores and illegal drug use. Despite the controversies, the games were heralded as a financial success, being one of the few in recent history to profit. In preparation major construction projects were initiated. Local freeways were expanded and repaired, and a light rail system was constructed. Olympic venues are now used for local, national, and international sporting events and Olympic athlete training. Tourism has increased since the Olympic games, but business did not pick up immediately following them. Salt Lake City expressed interest in bidding for the 2022 Winter Olympics. However, Beijing was selected to host the 2022 Winter Olympics.",3,null,45,false,"86_4_CAR_f1da65ab75d5b41d6bb7d6ed7c376c7b8a21b0fe","CAR_f1da65ab75d5b41d6bb7d6ed7c376c7b8a21b0fe","86_4_CAR_668a93d7ccba8a64556be498db111cdaf8d4fd87","CAR_668a93d7ccba8a64556be498db111cdaf8d4fd87","86_4_CAR_717b11440aba32158dba995d76fb5c6a4a9b5ccb","CAR_717b11440aba32158dba995d76fb5c6a4a9b5ccb",null,"What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","CAR_d7615a178634d3633d60356f34a7539a41109370","86_4_CAR_d7615a178634d3633d60356f34a7539a41109370","Salt Lake City hosted the 2002 Winter Olympics. After early financial struggles and scandal, the 2002 Olympics eventually became among the most successful Winter Olympics in history from a marketing and financial standpoint. Watched by over 2 billion viewers, the Games ended up with a profit of $40 million.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","86_5","Where did the ski sports take place in Utah ?","The 2014 NCAA Skiing Championships were held in Park City, Utah and Midway, Utah on March 5–8, 2014. Utah hosted the event with alpine events at Park City Ski Resort and Nordic events taking place at Soldier Hollow in nearby Midway, UT.  Utah hosted for the fourth time, all have happened in Park City, the other times being 1981, 1991 and 2000.",0,null,"What were the most important ski locations for the 2002 Winter Olympics in Utah ?","Alpine skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics consisted of ten events held near Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The downhill, super-G and combined events were held at Snowbasin, the giant slalom at Park City, and the slalom at Deer Valley. The ten events took place 10–23 February 2002.",4,"","What were some of the famous ski resorts used for the 2002 Winter Olympics ?","Soldier Hollow is a cross-country ski resort located  southeast of Salt Lake City in Wasatch Mountain State Park, Utah, United States. The resort was created for the 2002 Winter Olympics, and during the games it hosted the biathlon, cross-country skiing and the cross country skiing portion of the Nordic combined events. Since hosting the Olympics, it has been developed as a cross-country skiing, tubing, and snowshoeing resort, while featuring mountain biking and golfing in the summer. On May 1, 2016, the venue operation contract transferred from the Soldier Hollow Legacy Foundation to the Utah Olympic Legacy Foundation, which owns and operates several Olympic and Paralympic legacy venues elsewhere in the state.",2,"","What were important ski locations used for the 2002 games in Utah ?","The Utah Olympic Park is a winter sports park built for the 2002 Winter Olympics, and is located  east of Salt Lake City near Park City, Utah, United States. During the 2002 games the park hosted the bobsleigh, skeleton, luge, ski jumping, and Nordic combined events. It still serves a training center for Olympic and development level athletes. Other facilities in addition to the ski jumps and bobsled track located on site include a 2002 Winter Olympics and Ski Museum, day lodge, summer aerial training splash pool, ziplines, and a mountain coaster.",2,null,46,true,"86_5_CAR_5b04717555b31a88f3f20c0b2cbbca3a0f93a3bd","CAR_5b04717555b31a88f3f20c0b2cbbca3a0f93a3bd","86_5_CAR_9d1c4bfe75b0ebbd5274778abcb344b9fea4618d","CAR_9d1c4bfe75b0ebbd5274778abcb344b9fea4618d","86_5_CAR_1bbf5d444d33830a9fba3e166b2ac7783c902944","CAR_1bbf5d444d33830a9fba3e166b2ac7783c902944",null,"What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","CAR_93048ade533bb9963ee2c2cb0d5e568fcd838daa","86_5_CAR_93048ade533bb9963ee2c2cb0d5e568fcd838daa","Alpine skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics consisted of ten events held near Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The downhill, super-G and combined events were held at Snowbasin, the giant slalom at Park City, and the slalom at Deer Valley. The ten events took place 10–23 February 2002.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","86_5","Where did the ski sports take place in Utah ?","The 2003 FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships were held between January 31 and February 2 at the Deer Valley ski resort in northern Utah near Park City, United States.  The World Championships featured both men's and women's events in the Moguls, Aerials and Dual Moguls.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What were the most important ski locations for the 2002 Winter Olympics in Utah ?","The Utah Olympic Park is a winter sports park built for the 2002 Winter Olympics, and is located  east of Salt Lake City near Park City, Utah, United States. During the 2002 games the park hosted the bobsleigh, skeleton, luge, ski jumping, and Nordic combined events. It still serves a training center for Olympic and development level athletes. Other facilities in addition to the ski jumps and bobsled track located on site include a 2002 Winter Olympics and Ski Museum, day lodge, summer aerial training splash pool, ziplines, and a mountain coaster.",2,"","What were some of the famous ski resorts used for the 2002 Winter Olympics ?","Beginning in 1939, with the establishment of Alta Ski Area, Utah has become world-renowned for its skiing. The dry, powdery snow of the Wasatch Range is considered some of the best skiing in the world. Salt Lake City won the bid for the 2002 Winter Olympics in 1995, and this has served as a great boost to the economy. The ski resorts have increased in popularity, and many of the Olympic venues scattered across the Wasatch Front continue to be used for sporting events. This also spurred the development of the light-rail system in the Salt Lake Valley, known as TRAX, and the re-construction of the freeway system around the city.",0,"","What were important ski locations used for the 2002 games in Utah ?","Soldier Hollow is a cross-country ski resort located  southeast of Salt Lake City in Wasatch Mountain State Park, Utah, United States. The resort was created for the 2002 Winter Olympics, and during the games it hosted the biathlon, cross-country skiing and the cross country skiing portion of the Nordic combined events. Since hosting the Olympics, it has been developed as a cross-country skiing, tubing, and snowshoeing resort, while featuring mountain biking and golfing in the summer. On May 1, 2016, the venue operation contract transferred from the Soldier Hollow Legacy Foundation to the Utah Olympic Legacy Foundation, which owns and operates several Olympic and Paralympic legacy venues elsewhere in the state.",2,null,46,true,"86_5_CAR_31f492b10e4ff8da3bad1d231b4b8ddedfe50c24","CAR_31f492b10e4ff8da3bad1d231b4b8ddedfe50c24","86_5_CAR_93048ade533bb9963ee2c2cb0d5e568fcd838daa","CAR_93048ade533bb9963ee2c2cb0d5e568fcd838daa","86_5_CAR_42327cf47fa455267920b346a862e59c307d2da1","CAR_42327cf47fa455267920b346a862e59c307d2da1",null,"What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","CAR_1bbf5d444d33830a9fba3e166b2ac7783c902944","86_5_CAR_1bbf5d444d33830a9fba3e166b2ac7783c902944","The Utah Olympic Park is a winter sports park built for the 2002 Winter Olympics, and is located  east of Salt Lake City near Park City, Utah, United States. During the 2002 games the park hosted the bobsleigh, skeleton, luge, ski jumping, and Nordic combined events. It still serves a training center for Olympic and development level athletes. Other facilities in addition to the ski jumps and bobsled track located on site include a 2002 Winter Olympics and Ski Museum, day lodge, summer aerial training splash pool, ziplines, and a mountain coaster.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","86_5","Where did the ski sports take place in Utah ?","The men's Ski cross competition of the FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships 2011 was held at Deer Valley, Utah, United States between February 3 and 4, 2011 (qualifications and finals).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What were the most important ski locations for the 2002 Winter Olympics in Utah ?","Soldier Hollow is a cross-country ski resort located  southeast of Salt Lake City in Wasatch Mountain State Park, Utah, United States. The resort was created for the 2002 Winter Olympics, and during the games it hosted the biathlon, cross-country skiing and the cross country skiing portion of the Nordic combined events. Since hosting the Olympics, it has been developed as a cross-country skiing, tubing, and snowshoeing resort, while featuring mountain biking and golfing in the summer. On May 1, 2016, the venue operation contract transferred from the Soldier Hollow Legacy Foundation to the Utah Olympic Legacy Foundation, which owns and operates several Olympic and Paralympic legacy venues elsewhere in the state.",2,"","What were some of the famous ski resorts used for the 2002 Winter Olympics ?","Alpine skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics consisted of ten events held near Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The downhill, super-G and combined events were held at Snowbasin, the giant slalom at Park City, and the slalom at Deer Valley. The ten events took place 10–23 February 2002.",4,"","What were important ski locations used for the 2002 games in Utah ?","Alpine skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics consisted of ten events held near Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The downhill, super-G and combined events were held at Snowbasin, the giant slalom at Park City, and the slalom at Deer Valley. The ten events took place 10–23 February 2002.",4,null,46,true,"86_5_CAR_da1de2cf9cb89780fd6fad71136dcd31eafdad08","CAR_da1de2cf9cb89780fd6fad71136dcd31eafdad08","86_5_CAR_1bbf5d444d33830a9fba3e166b2ac7783c902944","CAR_1bbf5d444d33830a9fba3e166b2ac7783c902944","86_5_CAR_9d1c4bfe75b0ebbd5274778abcb344b9fea4618d","CAR_9d1c4bfe75b0ebbd5274778abcb344b9fea4618d",null,"What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","CAR_9d1c4bfe75b0ebbd5274778abcb344b9fea4618d","86_5_CAR_9d1c4bfe75b0ebbd5274778abcb344b9fea4618d","Nordic combined at the 2002 Winter Olympics, consisted of three events held over ten days, from 9 February to 22 February. The ski jumping part took place in Park City, while the cross-country part took place in Soldier Hollow. This was the first Winter Olympics to have two individual Nordic Combined events: the 10 km individual normal hill (sprint) and the 10 km individual large hill (individual).",4,3,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","86_6","What events occurred in Salt Lake City other than skiing ?","Many of Salt Lake City's cultural events take place at Washington Square, and often 200 East Street between it and Library Square is blocked off to create one large event plaza. Events that take place in this space include Utah Pride Festival, the Utah Arts Festival, and Salt Lake City Jazz Festival and the Living Traditions Festival that celebrates all the different cultures that reside within the state. These occur once per year and usually run over the weekends.",4,null,"What are non - skiing events that happen in Salt Lake City ?","Many of Salt Lake City's cultural events take place at Washington Square, and often 200 East Street between it and Library Square is blocked off to create one large event plaza. Events that take place in this space include Utah Pride Festival, the Utah Arts Festival, and Salt Lake City Jazz Festival and the Living Traditions Festival that celebrates all the different cultures that reside within the state. These occur once per year and usually run over the weekends.",4,"","What are some non - ski events held in Salt Lake City ?","Many of Salt Lake City's cultural events take place at Washington Square, and often 200 East Street between it and Library Square is blocked off to create one large event plaza. Events that take place in this space include Utah Pride Festival, the Utah Arts Festival, and Salt Lake City Jazz Festival and the Living Traditions Festival that celebrates all the different cultures that reside within the state. These occur once per year and usually run over the weekends.",4,"","What are the important non - ski events that happen in Salt Lake City ?","Many of Salt Lake City's cultural events take place at Washington Square, and often 200 East Street between it and Library Square is blocked off to create one large event plaza. Events that take place in this space include Utah Pride Festival, the Utah Arts Festival, and Salt Lake City Jazz Festival and the Living Traditions Festival that celebrates all the different cultures that reside within the state. These occur once per year and usually run over the weekends.",4,null,47,false,"86_6_CAR_61aceaf6d0bb903abfa76da6fa70c74df1ad0e0f","CAR_61aceaf6d0bb903abfa76da6fa70c74df1ad0e0f","86_6_CAR_61aceaf6d0bb903abfa76da6fa70c74df1ad0e0f","CAR_61aceaf6d0bb903abfa76da6fa70c74df1ad0e0f","86_6_CAR_61aceaf6d0bb903abfa76da6fa70c74df1ad0e0f","CAR_61aceaf6d0bb903abfa76da6fa70c74df1ad0e0f",null,"What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","CAR_61aceaf6d0bb903abfa76da6fa70c74df1ad0e0f","86_6_CAR_61aceaf6d0bb903abfa76da6fa70c74df1ad0e0f","Many of Salt Lake City's cultural events take place at Washington Square, and often 200 East Street between it and Library Square is blocked off to create one large event plaza. Events that take place in this space include Utah Pride Festival, the Utah Arts Festival, and Salt Lake City Jazz Festival and the Living Traditions Festival that celebrates all the different cultures that reside within the state. These occur once per year and usually run over the weekends.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","86_6","What events occurred in Salt Lake City other than skiing ?","Salt Lake City has begun to host its own events in the last few years, most notably the Friday Night Flicks, free movies in the city's parks, as well as the Mayor's health and fitness awareness program, Salt Lake City Gets Fit.",3,null,"What are non - skiing events that happen in Salt Lake City ?","Salt Lake City has begun to host its own events in the last few years, most notably the Friday Night Flicks, free movies in the city's parks, as well as the Mayor's health and fitness awareness program, Salt Lake City Gets Fit.",3,"","What are some non - ski events held in Salt Lake City ?","Salt Lake City has begun to host its own events in the last few years, most notably the Friday Night Flicks, free movies in the city's parks, as well as the Mayor's health and fitness awareness program, Salt Lake City Gets Fit.",3,"","What are the important non - ski events that happen in Salt Lake City ?","Salt Lake City has begun to host its own events in the last few years, most notably the Friday Night Flicks, free movies in the city's parks, as well as the Mayor's health and fitness awareness program, Salt Lake City Gets Fit.",3,null,47,false,"86_6_CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e","CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e","86_6_CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e","CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e","86_6_CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e","CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e",null,"What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e","86_6_CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e","Salt Lake City has begun to host its own events in the last few years, most notably the Friday Night Flicks, free movies in the city's parks, as well as the Mayor's health and fitness awareness program, Salt Lake City Gets Fit.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","86_6","What events occurred in Salt Lake City other than skiing ?","The Assembly Hall was often the site of tension between Mormons, non-Mormons, and federal troops, but possibly the most dramatic event occurred in August 1874; Mayor Daniel H. Wells declared martial law from the balcony of City Hall. This was in response to US Marshal arrests of several Salt Lake City police officers in concert with taking over the polls for election of a Utah representative to congress.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are non - skiing events that happen in Salt Lake City ?","Sandy, another suburb of Salt Lake City, holds a Hot Air Balloon Festival at the end of summer. The main event includes several waves of hot air balloons which rise into the sky for an afternoon and evening show. The festival includes food and entertainment.",2,"","What are some non - ski events held in Salt Lake City ?","Salt Lake City also hosts portions of the Sundance Film Festival. The festival, which is held each year, brings many cultural icons, movie stars, celebrities, and thousands of film buffs to see the largest independent film festival in the United States. The headquarters of the event is in nearby Park City.",2,"","What are the important non - ski events that happen in Salt Lake City ?","Salt Lake City also hosts portions of the Sundance Film Festival. The festival, which is held each year, brings many cultural icons, movie stars, celebrities, and thousands of film buffs to see the largest independent film festival in the United States. The headquarters of the event is in nearby Park City.",2,null,47,false,"86_6_CAR_330989c8df351086973ed7dfe2317bc823c44a38","CAR_330989c8df351086973ed7dfe2317bc823c44a38","86_6_CAR_2048981a1bf1ca35b91a3dc2cd3a61081f5f02c1","CAR_2048981a1bf1ca35b91a3dc2cd3a61081f5f02c1","86_6_CAR_b9687fe09c6536bcd05ae7df38ff3f67e90ac368","CAR_b9687fe09c6536bcd05ae7df38ff3f67e90ac368",null,"What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","CAR_b9687fe09c6536bcd05ae7df38ff3f67e90ac368","86_6_CAR_b9687fe09c6536bcd05ae7df38ff3f67e90ac368","Salt Lake City also hosts portions of the Sundance Film Festival. The festival, which is held each year, brings many cultural icons, movie stars, celebrities, and thousands of film buffs to see the largest independent film festival in the United States. The headquarters of the event is in nearby Park City.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","86_7","What are fun things to do and see in Salt Lake City if you do n't like the cold ?","From festivals to farmers' markets, there's always something to do in Salt Lake City. Whether you live or visit here, let us help you discover the dozens of great things to do year-round and help you find the services and resources to make life even better.",2,null,"What are some fun summery things to do around Salt Lake City ?","Salt Lake City Map. Whether you want to go skiing in the Salt Lake City mountains or you prefer warm weather activities such as hiking and mountain biking, heading to one of the area resorts can be an excellent idea. These resorts are mostly found in the Wasatch Front Salt Lake City canyons, and they include Alta and Brighton, to name a couple.",2,"","What are the most well - known non - winter things to do in Salt Lake City ?","Salt Lake City Map. Whether you want to go skiing in the Salt Lake City mountains or you prefer warm weather activities such as hiking and mountain biking, heading to one of the area resorts can be an excellent idea. These resorts are mostly found in the Wasatch Front Salt Lake City canyons, and they include Alta and Brighton, to name a couple.",2,"","What are some popular non - winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area ?","Winter sports, such as skiing and snowboarding, are popular activities in the Wasatch Mountains east of Salt Lake City. Eight ski resorts lie within  of the city. Alta, Brighton, Solitude, and Snowbird all lie directly to the southeast in the Wasatch Mountains, while nearby Park City contains three more resorts. The popularity of the ski resorts has increased nearly 29 percent since the 2002 Winter Olympics. Summer activities such as hiking, camping, rock climbing, mountain biking, and other related outdoor activities are popular in the mountains, as well. The many small reservoirs and rivers in the Wasatch Mountains are popular for boating, fishing, and other water-related activities.",4,null,48,true,"86_7_MARCO_3516991","MARCO_3516991","86_7_MARCO_3967988","MARCO_3967988","86_7_MARCO_3967988","MARCO_3967988",null,"What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","CAR_c10e2ccd9e152afc277d3034b940619f2c9949c0","86_7_CAR_c10e2ccd9e152afc277d3034b940619f2c9949c0","Winter sports, such as skiing and snowboarding, are popular activities in the Wasatch Mountains east of Salt Lake City. Eight ski resorts lie within  of the city. Alta, Brighton, Solitude, and Snowbird all lie directly to the southeast in the Wasatch Mountains, while nearby Park City contains three more resorts. The popularity of the ski resorts has increased nearly 29 percent since the 2002 Winter Olympics. Summer activities such as hiking, camping, rock climbing, mountain biking, and other related outdoor activities are popular in the mountains, as well. The many small reservoirs and rivers in the Wasatch Mountains are popular for boating, fishing, and other water-related activities.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","86_7","What are fun things to do and see in Salt Lake City if you do n't like the cold ?","Salt Lake Temple and Tabernacle in Salt Lake City, Utah Like at other Latter-day Saints temples, you'll need to get baptized and meet with a bishop before you go inside. Once you do, 10 acres of one of Brigham Young's first churches are yours to explore.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some fun summery things to do around Salt Lake City ?","From festivals to farmers' markets, there's always something to do in Salt Lake City. Whether you live or visit here, let us help you discover the dozens of great things to do year-round and help you find the services and resources to make life even better.",2,"","What are the most well - known non - winter things to do in Salt Lake City ?","From festivals to farmers' markets, there's always something to do in Salt Lake City. Whether you live or visit here, let us help you discover the dozens of great things to do year-round and help you find the services and resources to make life even better.",2,"","What are some popular non - winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area ?","Kayaking on the Great Salt Lake is a great way to see some of the areas that you normally wouldn't see. With 10,000 miles of shoreline it can be one of the most rewarding places to paddle in North America. Mountain biking is popular on excellent trails on Antelope and Stansbury islands.",1,null,48,true,"86_7_MARCO_7643722","MARCO_7643722","86_7_MARCO_3516991","MARCO_3516991","86_7_MARCO_3516991","MARCO_3516991",null,"What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","MARCO_16902","86_7_MARCO_16902","Kayaking on the Great Salt Lake is a great way to see some of the areas that you normally wouldn't see. With 10,000 miles of shoreline it can be one of the most rewarding places to paddle in North America. Mountain biking is popular on excellent trails on Antelope and Stansbury islands.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","86_7","What are fun things to do and see in Salt Lake City if you do n't like the cold ?","1 United Statesâ€º. 2  Utah (UT)â€º. 3  Salt Lake Cityâ€º. 4  Things to Do in Salt Lake Cityâ€º.  Utah Museum of Fine Arts.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some fun summery things to do around Salt Lake City ?","The list of sights and things to do in Orem year-round make it an enticing getaway for residents of Salt Lake City, 39 miles north, and for visitors to central Utah. Juneâ€™s annual Summerfest packs a Saturday and Sunday with music, food and fun.",1,"","What are the most well - known non - winter things to do in Salt Lake City ?","Leading attractions in Salt Lake City are focused on the cityâ€™s founding by Mormon pioneers in the mid-19th century. Temple Square, located on 35 acres in downtown Salt Lake City, includes approximately 20 attractions, with Salt Lake Temple at its center.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are some popular non - winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area ?","From festivals to farmers' markets, there's always something to do in Salt Lake City. Whether you live or visit here, let us help you discover the dozens of great things to do year-round and help you find the services and resources to make life even better.",2,null,48,true,"86_7_MARCO_7542929","MARCO_7542929","86_7_MARCO_8451913","MARCO_8451913","86_7_MARCO_5347793","MARCO_5347793",null,"What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","MARCO_3516991","86_7_MARCO_3516991","Salt Lake City Map. Whether you want to go skiing in the Salt Lake City mountains or you prefer warm weather activities such as hiking and mountain biking, heading to one of the area resorts can be an excellent idea. These resorts are mostly found in the Wasatch Front Salt Lake City canyons, and they include Alta and Brighton, to name a couple.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the different types of orange trees?","87_1","What are the different types of orange trees ? What makes them different ?","Sweet Orange Citrus sinenis Family: Rutaceae. Clementine, Mandarin, Tangerine, Satsuma Citrus reticulata, Family: Rutaceae. Description & storage Orange: Round thick skinned juicy edible fruit that is a reddish-yellow color when ripe. Mandarin types: type of small orange with loose skin. Store them at 12 degrees Celcius (=57o F) or if you like in the refrigerator. This is nice when you use them for squeezing. Tree Orange trees are evergreen trees. They grow 8 to 15 m. high.",2,null,"How many varieties of orange trees are there ? How are orange trees unique ?","Bibile Sweet, is the most popular variety unique to the area. However, it is a matter of concern that black spots caused by a fungus affected the fruits on the verge of harvest. Thousands of rotten oranges are found under the trees. The trees should be exposed to the sun to prevent the spread of the pest. Trees in shady gardens are more susceptible to the pest. The affected trees should be pruned and the rotten fruits destroyed. Pesticides should be applied when the trees are flowering to minimize the effect of the fungus,” Manager of the District Agrarian Training Centre,noted.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the various kinds of orange trees ?","1 Common orange â€“ There are many varieties of common orange and it is widely grown. 2  The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types.",2,"","What are the different types of orange trees ?","Below, check out our guide to nine different types of oranges -- clementines, tangerines, honey tangerines, cara caras, tangelos, navels, juice oranges, blood oranges and Satsumas.",3,null,49,false,"87_1_MARCO_7161299","MARCO_7161299","87_1_CAR_f39e9f8833f9e412b223273951c5b1bd1a485b48","CAR_f39e9f8833f9e412b223273951c5b1bd1a485b48","87_1_MARCO_7016257","MARCO_7016257",null,"What are the different types of orange trees?","MARCO_2866939","87_1_MARCO_2866939","Below, check out our guide to nine different types of oranges -- clementines, tangerines, honey tangerines, cara caras, tangelos, navels, juice oranges, blood oranges and Satsumas.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the different types of orange trees?","87_1","What are the different types of orange trees ? What makes them different ?","Below, check out our guide to nine different types of oranges -- clementines, tangerines, honey tangerines, cara caras, tangelos, navels, juice oranges, blood oranges and Satsumas. Next time you're at the store, try something new! What's your favorite kind of orange? Leave us a comment below.",3,null,"How many varieties of orange trees are there ? How are orange trees unique ?","1 Common orange â€“ There are many varieties of common orange and it is widely grown. 2  The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types.",2,"","What are the various kinds of orange trees ?","Different names have been given to the many varieties of the genus. Orange applies primarily to the sweet orange – Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. The orange tree is an evergreen, flowering tree, with an average height of , although some very old specimens can reach . Its oval leaves, alternately arranged, are  long and have crenulate margins. Although the sweet orange presents different sizes and shapes varying from spherical to oblong, it generally has ten segments (carpels) inside, and contains up to six seeds (or pips) and a porous white tissue – called pith or, more properly, mesocarp or albedo—lines its rind. When unripe, the fruit is green. The grainy irregular rind of the ripe fruit can range from bright orange to yellow-orange, but frequently retains green patches or, under warm climate conditions, remains entirely green. Like all other citrus fruits, the sweet orange is non-climacteric. The Citrus sinensis is subdivided into four classes with distinct characteristics: common oranges, blood or pigmented oranges, navel oranges, and acidless oranges.",2,"","What are the different types of orange trees ?","The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types. Blood or pigmented orange â€“ The blood orange consists of two types: the light blood orange and the deep blood orange. Blood oranges are a natural mutation of C. sinensis.",3,null,49,false,"87_1_MARCO_8513155","MARCO_8513155","87_1_MARCO_7016257","MARCO_7016257","87_1_CAR_b02209357410c50f8025bff46b97b8a3fd68a07b","CAR_b02209357410c50f8025bff46b97b8a3fd68a07b",null,"What are the different types of orange trees?","MARCO_8513150","87_1_MARCO_8513150","The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types. Blood or pigmented orange â€“ The blood orange consists of two types: the light blood orange and the deep blood orange. Blood oranges are a natural mutation of C. sinensis.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the different types of orange trees?","87_1","What are the different types of orange trees ? What makes them different ?","From Europe, orange trees were taken to the United States, South America, Africa and Australia, which all grow oranges for sale. There are several different types of sweet orange. One of the most common types is called the Valencia orange, which comes from Spain and is also grown in Africa and Australia.",1,null,"How many varieties of orange trees are there ? How are orange trees unique ?","Blood Oranges. A Blood Orange is a unique hybrid orange citrus fruit, with a dark-red interior colored fruit. What is unique about a blood orange is the color inside â€” it is a red, crimson, blood-colored flesh.Blood oranges also tend to be a much smaller citrus fruit than an average orange.nique Oranges â€“ Ortaniques. Unique Oranges are also called â€œOrtaniques,â€\u009d representing a hybrid blend of citrus fruit and a name that is truly unique as well: OR-orange, TAN-gerine,un-IQUE. Many Ortanique oranges are grown on the island of Jamaica, a large world exporter of this form of citrus fruit.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What are the various kinds of orange trees ?","Other citrus groups also known as oranges are: 1  Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium), also known as Seville orange, sour orange (especially when used as rootstock for a sweet orange tree), bigarade orange and marmalade orange. Like the sweet orange, it is a pomelo x mandarin hybrid.",3,"","What are the different types of orange trees ?","1 The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types. 2  Blood or pigmented orange â€“ The blood orange consists of two types: the light blood orange and the deep blood orange.",2,null,49,false,"87_1_MARCO_7016261","MARCO_7016261","87_1_MARCO_6315743","MARCO_6315743","87_1_MARCO_4984109","MARCO_4984109",null,"What are the different types of orange trees?","MARCO_7016258","87_1_MARCO_7016258","1 The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types. 2  Blood or pigmented orange â€“ The blood orange consists of two types: the light blood orange and the deep blood orange.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},2,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","87_2","How do you tell the different orange trees apart ?","Best Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.Especially that you pruned it so drastically short like that. Young trees or branches sport those spikes. Upon looking at the pictures I have a good feeling that it might be the bigger variety of oranges.est Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.",1,null,"How do you determine the different varieties of orange trees ?","Commercially grown orange trees are propagated asexually by grafting a mature cultivar onto a suitable seedling rootstock to ensure the same yield, identical fruit characteristics, and resistance to diseases throughout the years. Propagation involves two stages: first, a rootstock is grown from seed. Then, when it is approximately one year old, the leafy top is cut off and a bud taken from a specific scion variety, is grafted into its bark. The scion is what determines the variety of orange, while the rootstock makes the tree resistant to pests and diseases and adaptable to specific soil and climatic conditions. Thus, rootstocks influence the rate of growth and have an effect on fruit yield and quality.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do you tell which kinds of orange trees are distinct ?","Best Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.Especially that you pruned it so drastically short like that. Young trees or branches sport those spikes. Upon looking at the pictures I have a good feeling that it might be the bigger variety of oranges.est Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.",1,"","How can you tell the different types of orange trees apart ?","Best Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.Especially that you pruned it so drastically short like that. Young trees or branches sport those spikes. Upon looking at the pictures I have a good feeling that it might be the bigger variety of oranges.est Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.",1,null,50,true,"87_2_MARCO_6314847","MARCO_6314847","87_2_CAR_bd051e55bc2e824d3aed6f5d86d36907c969fc87","CAR_bd051e55bc2e824d3aed6f5d86d36907c969fc87","87_2_MARCO_6314847","MARCO_6314847",null,"How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","MARCO_6314847","87_2_MARCO_6314847","Best Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.Especially that you pruned it so drastically short like that. Young trees or branches sport those spikes. Upon looking at the pictures I have a good feeling that it might be the bigger variety of oranges.est Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","87_2","How do you tell the different orange trees apart ?","Sweet Orange Citrus sinenis Family: Rutaceae. Clementine, Mandarin, Tangerine, Satsuma Citrus reticulata, Family: Rutaceae. Description & storage Orange: Round thick skinned juicy edible fruit that is a reddish-yellow color when ripe. Mandarin types: type of small orange with loose skin. Store them at 12 degrees Celcius (=57o F) or if you like in the refrigerator. This is nice when you use them for squeezing. Tree Orange trees are evergreen trees. They grow 8 to 15 m. high.",0,null,"How do you determine the different varieties of orange trees ?","Different names have been given to the many varieties of the genus. Orange applies primarily to the sweet orange – Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. The orange tree is an evergreen, flowering tree, with an average height of , although some very old specimens can reach . Its oval leaves, alternately arranged, are  long and have crenulate margins. Although the sweet orange presents different sizes and shapes varying from spherical to oblong, it generally has ten segments (carpels) inside, and contains up to six seeds (or pips) and a porous white tissue – called pith or, more properly, mesocarp or albedo—lines its rind. When unripe, the fruit is green. The grainy irregular rind of the ripe fruit can range from bright orange to yellow-orange, but frequently retains green patches or, under warm climate conditions, remains entirely green. Like all other citrus fruits, the sweet orange is non-climacteric. The Citrus sinensis is subdivided into four classes with distinct characteristics: common oranges, blood or pigmented oranges, navel oranges, and acidless oranges.",0,"","How do you tell which kinds of orange trees are distinct ?","Different names have been given to the many varieties of the genus. Orange applies primarily to the sweet orange – Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. The orange tree is an evergreen, flowering tree, with an average height of , although some very old specimens can reach . Its oval leaves, alternately arranged, are  long and have crenulate margins. Although the sweet orange presents different sizes and shapes varying from spherical to oblong, it generally has ten segments (carpels) inside, and contains up to six seeds (or pips) and a porous white tissue – called pith or, more properly, mesocarp or albedo—lines its rind. When unripe, the fruit is green. The grainy irregular rind of the ripe fruit can range from bright orange to yellow-orange, but frequently retains green patches or, under warm climate conditions, remains entirely green. Like all other citrus fruits, the sweet orange is non-climacteric. The Citrus sinensis is subdivided into four classes with distinct characteristics: common oranges, blood or pigmented oranges, navel oranges, and acidless oranges.",0,"","How can you tell the different types of orange trees apart ?","Examining the tree's leaves, fruit and blossoms will help identify it. Citrus treesâ€™ characteristic dark, shiny leaves make them easy to identify from other types of fruiting and nonfruiting trees, but it can be difficult to tell the difference between various types of citrus trees. There are several varieties of citrus trees, such as a Perrine tree, that are a hybrid of a lemon and a lime plant. 2  These trees will display a combination of lemon and lime tree characteristics and can be very difficult to differentiate between other varieties.",0,null,50,true,"87_2_MARCO_7161299","MARCO_7161299","87_2_CAR_b02209357410c50f8025bff46b97b8a3fd68a07b","CAR_b02209357410c50f8025bff46b97b8a3fd68a07b","87_2_CAR_b02209357410c50f8025bff46b97b8a3fd68a07b","CAR_b02209357410c50f8025bff46b97b8a3fd68a07b",null,"How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","MARCO_1378432","87_2_MARCO_1378432","Examining the tree's leaves, fruit and blossoms will help identify it. Citrus treesâ€™ characteristic dark, shiny leaves make them easy to identify from other types of fruiting and nonfruiting trees, but it can be difficult to tell the difference between various types of citrus trees. There are several varieties of citrus trees, such as a Perrine tree, that are a hybrid of a lemon and a lime plant. 2  These trees will display a combination of lemon and lime tree characteristics and can be very difficult to differentiate between other varieties.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","87_2","How do you tell the different orange trees apart ?","Orange trees generally are grafted. The bottom of the tree, including the roots and trunk, is called rootstock, while the fruit-bearing top has two different names: budwood (when referring to the process of grafting) and scion (when mentioning the variety of orange).",0,null,"How do you determine the different varieties of orange trees ?","Semi-dwarf varieties are 10 to 15 feet tall at their mature height, while dwarf orange trees are 5 to 10 feet tall. Orange trees can bear fruit well before they reach their full height. Age and growing conditions, not whether a tree has reached its full height, determine whether and how quickly a tree will bear fruit.",2,"","How do you tell which kinds of orange trees are distinct ?","(Redirected from Orange tree). For other fruit called orange, see List of plants known as orange. Citrus Ã— sinensis, also known as the Citrus aurantium Sweet Orange Group, includes the commonly cultivated sweet orange, blood oranges, and navel oranges.ses [edit]. The orange fruit is an important agricultural product, used for both the juicy fruit pulp, and the aromatic peel (rind). Orange blossoms (the flowers) are used in several different ways, as are the leaves and wood of the tree.",0,"","How can you tell the different types of orange trees apart ?","Different names have been given to the many varieties of the genus. Orange applies primarily to the sweet orange – Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. The orange tree is an evergreen, flowering tree, with an average height of , although some very old specimens can reach . Its oval leaves, alternately arranged, are  long and have crenulate margins. Although the sweet orange presents different sizes and shapes varying from spherical to oblong, it generally has ten segments (carpels) inside, and contains up to six seeds (or pips) and a porous white tissue – called pith or, more properly, mesocarp or albedo—lines its rind. When unripe, the fruit is green. The grainy irregular rind of the ripe fruit can range from bright orange to yellow-orange, but frequently retains green patches or, under warm climate conditions, remains entirely green. Like all other citrus fruits, the sweet orange is non-climacteric. The Citrus sinensis is subdivided into four classes with distinct characteristics: common oranges, blood or pigmented oranges, navel oranges, and acidless oranges.",0,null,50,true,"87_2_CAR_cb795bc6653c7b9dbc7079f78491aada921b68d9","CAR_cb795bc6653c7b9dbc7079f78491aada921b68d9","87_2_MARCO_5694950","MARCO_5694950","87_2_MARCO_7799628","MARCO_7799628",null,"How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","CAR_b02209357410c50f8025bff46b97b8a3fd68a07b","87_2_CAR_b02209357410c50f8025bff46b97b8a3fd68a07b","Different names have been given to the many varieties of the genus. Orange applies primarily to the sweet orange – Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. The orange tree is an evergreen, flowering tree, with an average height of , although some very old specimens can reach . Its oval leaves, alternately arranged, are  long and have crenulate margins. Although the sweet orange presents different sizes and shapes varying from spherical to oblong, it generally has ten segments (carpels) inside, and contains up to six seeds (or pips) and a porous white tissue – called pith or, more properly, mesocarp or albedo—lines its rind. When unripe, the fruit is green. The grainy irregular rind of the ripe fruit can range from bright orange to yellow-orange, but frequently retains green patches or, under warm climate conditions, remains entirely green. Like all other citrus fruits, the sweet orange is non-climacteric. The Citrus sinensis is subdivided into four classes with distinct characteristics: common oranges, blood or pigmented oranges, navel oranges, and acidless oranges.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What type of orange tree has thorns?","87_3","Which variety of orange tree has thorns and why ?","Sweet orange trees can definitely have thorns. I have a pineapple orange tree, (in the ground 10 years) that has some wicked thorns, especially on new growth. I've got a cara-cara red navel that also has thorns on new growth. I like what you've done to your yard and how you've taken care of this tree, (2nd picture).",4,null,"What varieties of orange trees grow thorns ?","Sweet orange trees can definitely have thorns. I have a pineapple orange tree, (in the ground 10 years) that has some wicked thorns, especially on new growth. I've got a cara-cara red navel that also has thorns on new growth. I like what you've done to your yard and how you've taken care of this tree, (2nd picture).",4,"","What types of orange trees come with thorns ?","Sweet orange trees can definitely have thorns. I have a pineapple orange tree, (in the ground 10 years) that has some wicked thorns, especially on new growth. I've got a cara-cara red navel that also has thorns on new growth. I like what you've done to your yard and how you've taken care of this tree, (2nd picture).",4,"","What type of orange tree has thorns ?","Sweet orange trees can definitely have thorns. I have a pineapple orange tree, (in the ground 10 years) that has some wicked thorns, especially on new growth. I've got a cara-cara red navel that also has thorns on new growth. I like what you've done to your yard and how you've taken care of this tree, (2nd picture).",4,null,51,false,"87_3_MARCO_5272302","MARCO_5272302","87_3_MARCO_5272302","MARCO_5272302","87_3_MARCO_5272302","MARCO_5272302",null,"What type of orange tree has thorns?","MARCO_5272302","87_3_MARCO_5272302","Sweet orange trees can definitely have thorns. I have a pineapple orange tree, (in the ground 10 years) that has some wicked thorns, especially on new growth. I've got a cara-cara red navel that also has thorns on new growth. I like what you've done to your yard and how you've taken care of this tree, (2nd picture).",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What type of orange tree has thorns?","87_3","Which variety of orange tree has thorns and why ?","Besides the distinctive fruit and orange-yellow wood, Osage orange trees are known for their long, tire-flattening thorns. The male trees produce the pollen, and the female trees produce the fruit. Botanists are working on development of a male, thornless variety, for more friendly, modern landscaping. Even though you can't eat them, Osage oranges have many uses.",4,null,"What varieties of orange trees grow thorns ?","Pittosporum lancifolium, known as the Narrow-leaved Orange Thorn or Sticky Orange Thorn, is a shrub or tree growing in eastern Australia. Often found at altitudes above 500 metres above sea level; from Mallanganee National Park in New South Wales in the south to Yarraman in south east Queensland in the north.",0,"","What types of orange trees come with thorns ?","Pittosporum lancifolium, known as the Narrow-leaved Orange Thorn or Sticky Orange Thorn, is a shrub or tree growing in eastern Australia. Often found at altitudes above 500 metres above sea level; from Mallanganee National Park in New South Wales in the south to Yarraman in south east Queensland in the north.",0,"","What type of orange tree has thorns ?","Pittosporum lancifolium, known as the Narrow-leaved Orange Thorn or Sticky Orange Thorn, is a shrub or tree growing in eastern Australia. Often found at altitudes above 500 metres above sea level; from Mallanganee National Park in New South Wales in the south to Yarraman in south east Queensland in the north.",0,null,51,false,"87_3_MARCO_7099398","MARCO_7099398","87_3_CAR_6840a7bc4c3c5bc654045c8b8e2ffce3ec26f389","CAR_6840a7bc4c3c5bc654045c8b8e2ffce3ec26f389","87_3_CAR_6840a7bc4c3c5bc654045c8b8e2ffce3ec26f389","CAR_6840a7bc4c3c5bc654045c8b8e2ffce3ec26f389",null,"What type of orange tree has thorns?","CAR_6840a7bc4c3c5bc654045c8b8e2ffce3ec26f389","87_3_CAR_6840a7bc4c3c5bc654045c8b8e2ffce3ec26f389","Pittosporum lancifolium, known as the Narrow-leaved Orange Thorn or Sticky Orange Thorn, is a shrub or tree growing in eastern Australia. Often found at altitudes above 500 metres above sea level; from Mallanganee National Park in New South Wales in the south to Yarraman in south east Queensland in the north.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What type of orange tree has thorns?","87_3","Which variety of orange tree has thorns and why ?","Today, most varieties are either thornless or have thin, blunt, flexible thorns found only at the base of the leaves. Oranges that are bitter and not commonly consumed, however, may have large thorns. The hardy or trifoliate orange tree, for example, features sharp, 2-inch long thorns and sour fruit.he thorns are the tree's way of protecting itself against hungry animals that want to nibble on the leaves and fruit of the tree, which can heavily damage or even destroy a young tree.",4,null,"What varieties of orange trees grow thorns ?","Today, most varieties are either thornless or have thin, blunt, flexible thorns found only at the base of the leaves. Oranges that are bitter and not commonly consumed, however, may have large thorns. The hardy or trifoliate orange tree, for example, features sharp, 2-inch long thorns and sour fruit.he thorns are the tree's way of protecting itself against hungry animals that want to nibble on the leaves and fruit of the tree, which can heavily damage or even destroy a young tree.",4,"","What types of orange trees come with thorns ?","Today, most varieties are either thornless or have thin, blunt, flexible thorns found only at the base of the leaves. Oranges that are bitter and not commonly consumed, however, may have large thorns. The hardy or trifoliate orange tree, for example, features sharp, 2-inch long thorns and sour fruit.he thorns are the tree's way of protecting itself against hungry animals that want to nibble on the leaves and fruit of the tree, which can heavily damage or even destroy a young tree.",4,"","What type of orange tree has thorns ?","Pittosporum multiflorum, known as the orange thorn, is a shrub growing in eastern Australia. The dense foliage provides a habitat for small birds and animals. It grows on shales or volcanic soils, from Eden, New South Wales north to Queensland. Usually in or near rainforest areas.",0,null,51,false,"87_3_MARCO_6314853","MARCO_6314853","87_3_MARCO_6314853","MARCO_6314853","87_3_MARCO_6314853","MARCO_6314853",null,"What type of orange tree has thorns?","CAR_10b90a297d1850e5ceb34c050a60f86da5062f43","87_3_CAR_10b90a297d1850e5ceb34c050a60f86da5062f43","Pittosporum multiflorum, known as the orange thorn, is a shrub growing in eastern Australia. The dense foliage provides a habitat for small birds and animals. It grows on shales or volcanic soils, from Eden, New South Wales north to Queensland. Usually in or near rainforest areas.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Where do orange trees originally come from?","87_4","Where have orange trees evolved from ?","History of Oranges. January 2017 - The first wild ancestors of oranges and lemons probably evolved in Australia and New Guinea, where the first people probably began eating them soon after they arrived there, about 30,000 BC. As early as the Stone Age, people were eating citron fruits in China, too.",2,null,"What region did orange trees originate from ?","The most recent research indicates an origin in Australia, New Caledonia and New Guinea. Some researchers believe that the origin is in the part of Southeast Asia bordered by Northeast India, Burma (Myanmar) and the Yunnan province of China, and it is in this region that some commercial species such as oranges, mandarins, and lemons originated. Citrus fruit has been cultivated in an ever-widening area since ancient times.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What is the history of orange trees ?","According to a 1917 study by Palemon Dorsett, Archibald Dixon Shamel and Wilson Popenoe of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), a single mutation in a Selecta orange tree planted on the grounds of a monastery near Bahia, Brazil, probably yielded the first navel orange between 1810 and 1820. Nevertheless, a researcher at the University of California, Riverside, has suggested that the parent variety was more likely the Portuguese navel orange (Umbigo), described by Antoine Risso and Pierre Antoine Poiteau in their book Histoire naturelle des orangers (\"Natural History of Orange Trees\", 1818–1822). The mutation caused the orange to develop a second fruit at its base, opposite the stem, embedded within the peel of the primary orange. Navel oranges were introduced in Australia in 1824 and in Florida in 1835. In 1870, twelve cuttings of the original tree were transplanted to Riverside, California, where the fruit became known as \"Washington\". This cultivar was very successful, and rapidly spread to other countries. Because the mutation left the fruit seedless and, therefore, sterile, the only method to cultivate navel oranges was to graft cuttings onto other varieties of citrus trees. The California Citrus State Historic Park and the Orcutt Ranch Horticulture Center preserve the history of navel oranges in Riverside.",3,"","Where do orange trees originally come from ?","In 1873 Eliza Tibbets received two new grafted orange trees to grow and test, from the botanist William Saunders, the Director of the new U.S. Department of Agriculture in Washington, D.C.. He had ordered the original cuttings from Bahia, Brazil.",3,null,52,true,"87_4_MARCO_28181","MARCO_28181","87_4_CAR_e96fb987ad39d55838b6b94aa2922c3c1906f32c","CAR_e96fb987ad39d55838b6b94aa2922c3c1906f32c","87_4_CAR_17818109b7a798085b34d528c7ab7b62cd95f945","CAR_17818109b7a798085b34d528c7ab7b62cd95f945",null,"Where do orange trees originally come from?","CAR_c929f039ae5071891773bddc9e3a2ac56d0624e1","87_4_CAR_c929f039ae5071891773bddc9e3a2ac56d0624e1","The fruit came first. The English word orange has made quite a journey to get here. The fruit originally came from China â€“ the German word Apfelsine and the Dutch sinaasappel (Chinese apple) reflect this â€“ but our word ultimately comes from the Old Persian narang.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Where do orange trees originally come from?","87_4","Where have orange trees evolved from ?","Seville orange trees transplanted on Curaçao from Spain in 1527 did not thrive in the arid climate and soil of this Southern Caribbean island. As the trees were then abandoned, the fruit evolved from a bright orange color and sweet taste into the green and inedible bitter laraha. The dried peels of the laraha, however, were discovered to be pleasantly aromatic, and experimentation with the extracts of these peels led to the creation of Curaçao liqueur.",2,null,"What region did orange trees originate from ?","The orange is the fruit made from Spain, through Valencia, and spreading throughout the rest of the world. In Greek mythology the The Garden of the Hesperides is a mythological grove where apples grew tended to by nymphs and a dragon. Hercules, the hero of classical literature, killed the guardian, entered the garden and plucked those golden apples –In later years it was thought that the \"golden apples\" might have actually been oranges, a fruit unknown to Europe before the Middle Ages. Several scholars defend that the etymology of the word comes from the Sanskrit term narang and the Persian word narensh. When Arabs brought orange farming to the Iberian Peninsula, they called the fruits naranjah. The Region of Valencia maintained the orange-farming tradition after the Arabic period, with references to orange trees in the city of Valencia dating back to the 14th century. In fact, there is an Orange Courtyard inside Valencia’s 15th-century Silk Exchange market (La Llotja de la Seda), a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The first references to commercial orange plantations date back to the 18th century.",3,"","What is the history of orange trees ?","Ribera Alta has a long orange farming tradition. The economy and population boomed in the area in the 18th century, and Ribera Alta profited from an expansion that also affected a sector as important as agriculture. Orange farming was introduced in this context. According to the historical records, in 1781 priest Vicente Monzó, notary Maseres and pharmacist Bodí, planted the first fields of orange trees in Carcaixent. The trees thrived in the land, favoured by the benign Mediterranean climate, and adapted perfectly to Valencian soil both on rain-fed farmland and irrigated land fed by river Júcar, whose extensive irrigation channel distributed fertile water around the whole of the Ribera Altaarea. In the early 19th century, orange trees gradually started to replace other crops, such as rice, cereal and mulberries, taking over as the main local crop. Wholesale exports of oranges commenced in this century, fuelled by the arrival of the railway.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Where do orange trees originally come from ?","The fruit came first. The English word orange has made quite a journey to get here. The fruit originally came from China â€“ the German word Apfelsine and the Dutch sinaasappel (Chinese apple) reflect this â€“ but our word ultimately comes from the Old Persian narang.",1,null,52,true,"87_4_CAR_db777b1b580b9c124f8607c5c5644ad5ecdc4db2","CAR_db777b1b580b9c124f8607c5c5644ad5ecdc4db2","87_4_CAR_76e66882fa789b8e1b88153c9321ea308d94912c","CAR_76e66882fa789b8e1b88153c9321ea308d94912c","87_4_CAR_a4adff3b9f4d4afea464ed75680b6187b1529aa3","CAR_a4adff3b9f4d4afea464ed75680b6187b1529aa3",null,"Where do orange trees originally come from?","MARCO_7410040","87_4_MARCO_7410040","In 1873 Eliza Tibbets received two new grafted orange trees to grow and test, from the botanist William Saunders, the Director of the new U.S. Department of Agriculture in Washington, D.C.. He had ordered the original cuttings from Bahia, Brazil.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Where do orange trees originally come from?","87_4","Where have orange trees evolved from ?","The large citrus fruit of today evolved originally from small, edible berries over millions of years. Citrus plants diverged from a common ancestor about 15 million years ago, which was about when it diverged from the closely related severinia, for example the Chinese box orange. About 7 million years ago, citrus plants diverged into two groups, the main citrus genus and the ancestors of the Trifoliate orange (poncirus), which is closely enough related that it can still be hybridized with all other citrus. These estimates are made using genetic mapping of plant chloroplasts, and the evolution at that time is thought to either have occurred somewhere in southeastern Asia, or Australia.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What region did orange trees originate from ?","The orange is the fruit of the citrus sinensis or aurantium, a tree that first appeared in China and other southern areas of the Asian continent. The fruit made its way from the Far East to the European continent, reaching Spain, through Valencia, and spreading throughout the rest of the world. In Greek mythology the The Garden of the Hesperides is a mythological grove where apples grew tended to by nymphs and a dragon. Hercules, the hero of classical literature, killed the guardian, entered the garden and plucked those golden apples –In later years it was thought that the \"golden apples\" might have actually been oranges, a fruit unknown to Europe before the Middle Ages. Several scholars defend that the etymology of the word comes from the Sanskrit term narang and the Persian word narensh. When Arabs brought orange farming to the Iberian Peninsula, they called the fruits naranjah. The Region of Valencia maintained the orange-farming tradition after the Arabic period, with references to orange trees in the city of Valencia dating back to the 14th century. In fact, there is an Orange Courtyard inside Valencia’s 15th century Silk Exchange market (La Llotja de la Seda), a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The first references to commercial orange plantations date back to the 18th century. At present, there are approximately 150,000 hectares of orange groves in the Region of Valencia producing orange and mandarin varieties including satsumas, clementines, navel oranges, common oranges, blood oranges, and hybrids, as the most important specimens",3,"","What is the history of orange trees ?","Word Origin & History. orange c.1300, from O.Fr. orenge (12c.), from M.L. pomum de orenge, from It. arancia, originally narancia (Venetian naranza), alt. of Arabic naranj, from Pers. narang, from Skt. naranga-s orange tree, of uncertain origin.",0,"","Where do orange trees originally come from ?","The first orange trees were planted in 1871, but the citrus industry Riverside is famous for beginning three years later (1874)  when Eliza Tibbetts received three  Brazilian navel orange trees sent to her by a personal friend, William Saunders who was a horticulturist at the United States Department of Agriculture in Washington, D.C. The trees came from Bahia, Brazil. The Bahia orange did not do well in Florida, but its success in Southern California was phenomenal.",3,null,52,true,"87_4_CAR_ca323fe3edfe898ac1ee6d60a932d7ac40591b6c","CAR_ca323fe3edfe898ac1ee6d60a932d7ac40591b6c","87_4_CAR_e329b876005e0edde984c7e8c8303f8573749a56","CAR_e329b876005e0edde984c7e8c8303f8573749a56","87_4_MARCO_657766","MARCO_657766",null,"Where do orange trees originally come from?","CAR_d1598d76471296a28069f367a73907c476b5020e","87_4_CAR_d1598d76471296a28069f367a73907c476b5020e","The first orange trees were planted in 1871, but the citrus industry Riverside is famous for beginning three years later (1874)  when Eliza Tibbetts received three  Brazilian navel orange trees sent to her by a personal friend, William Saunders who was a horticulturist at the United States Department of Agriculture in Washington, D.C. The trees came from Bahia, Brazil. The Bahia orange did not do well in Florida, but its success in Southern California was phenomenal.",3,null,4,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},4]
["Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","87_5","What is the Hamlin ?","Hamlin is a village in Salem Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania. Hamlin is located at the intersection of Pennsylvania Route 191/Pennsylvania Route 196 and Pennsylvania Route 590.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some facts about the Hamlin variety of orange trees ?","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",4,"","What are some features of the Hamlin variety of orange trees ?","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",4,"","Tell me about the Hamlin variety of orange trees .","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",4,null,53,false,"87_5_CAR_b5ecce543361ce4532da34e0ab4bf8a1139d2b8c","CAR_b5ecce543361ce4532da34e0ab4bf8a1139d2b8c","87_5_CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","87_5_CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada",null,"Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","87_5_CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","87_5","What is the Hamlin ?","Hamlin, originally named \"Hamline,\" is a town in Lincoln County, West Virginia, United States, along the Mud River. The population was recorded as 1,142 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Lincoln County. Hamlin is a part of the Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 287,702. New definitions from February 28, 2013 placed the population at 363,000.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some facts about the Hamlin variety of orange trees ?","Citrus Products. Florida growers produce several types of Florida citrus, including oranges, grapefruit and speciality fruit including Temple oranges, tangerines and tangelos. Here are some fun facts about Florida oranges: The primary varieties are Navel, Hamlin, Pineapple, Ambersweet and Valencia.",1,"","What are some features of the Hamlin variety of orange trees ?","Ambersweet Orange. Tastes like a mild tangerine; easy to peel and section. Excellent source of Vitamin C and fiber, containing more fiber than an English muffin. Hamlin Orange. Medium size, round to oval, deep yellow to orange color with a smooth, thin peel.",3,"","Tell me about the Hamlin variety of orange trees .","1 Common orange â€“ There are many varieties of common orange and it is widely grown. 2  The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types.",1,null,53,false,"87_5_CAR_48c48f5d47732bbb1c026fe5d70b80f41762adf3","CAR_48c48f5d47732bbb1c026fe5d70b80f41762adf3","87_5_MARCO_5154347","MARCO_5154347","87_5_MARCO_8215197","MARCO_8215197",null,"Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","MARCO_7016257","87_5_MARCO_7016257","Ambersweet Orange. Tastes like a mild tangerine; easy to peel and section. Excellent source of Vitamin C and fiber, containing more fiber than an English muffin. Hamlin Orange. Medium size, round to oval, deep yellow to orange color with a smooth, thin peel.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","87_5","What is the Hamlin ?","Hamlin is an unincorporated community in Audubon County, Iowa, United States.",0,null,"What are some facts about the Hamlin variety of orange trees ?","Facts About Orange blossom. 1  The sweet orange tree, which bears the orange blossom, is a compact evergreen tree, 20-30 tall with a rounded, symmetrical crown spreading 15-20 or so. 2  The Orange twigs on many cultivars are thorny. The bark of the orange tree is greenish-brown color, having axillary spines on the branches.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some features of the Hamlin variety of orange trees ?","1 Common orange â€“ There are many varieties of common orange and it is widely grown. 2  The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types.",1,"","Tell me about the Hamlin variety of orange trees .","Ambersweet Orange. Tastes like a mild tangerine; easy to peel and section. Excellent source of Vitamin C and fiber, containing more fiber than an English muffin. Hamlin Orange. Medium size, round to oval, deep yellow to orange color with a smooth, thin peel.",3,null,53,false,"87_5_CAR_a63466d559a6ab2c1d8e2427e92ac31fed5d3bb9","CAR_a63466d559a6ab2c1d8e2427e92ac31fed5d3bb9","87_5_MARCO_4060467","MARCO_4060467","87_5_MARCO_7016257","MARCO_7016257",null,"Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","MARCO_8215197","87_5_MARCO_8215197","1 Common orange â€“ There are many varieties of common orange and it is widely grown. 2  The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","87_6","Why did the Hamlin take the place of PB ?","Although Hamlin climbed out of the car right after the crash, he immediately collapsed and lay on the track. He was airlifted to the hospital as a precaution. When lying in the hospital Hamlin interpreted Logano's post race words about their battle as Logano saying that he held a grudge against Hamlin and retaliated against Hamlin. It was announced the next day that Hamlin had suffered a massive L1 compression fracture, or a collapsed vertebra. Dr. Petty, Hamlin's JGR doctor reported on Tuesday that Hamlin's back would heal in six weeks and Hamlin would need time off. Two of Michael Waltrip Racing's Part-time drivers stepped in to replace Hamlin, with Mark Martin filling in at Martinsville and Brian Vickers filling in for four races.  He made his return at Talladega in the Aaron's 499, and told reporters that since he was not ready to run a full race, he would switch with Brian Vickers during the first caution and pit stop by a special exit on the roof attached to the car.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why did the Hamlin variety substitute the PB ?","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why is the Hamlin variety superior to the PB ?","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why did the Hamlin variety replace PB ?","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,54,true,"87_6_CAR_5fc306f32b00ddba23cac1605a5a681931c8dc47","CAR_5fc306f32b00ddba23cac1605a5a681931c8dc47","87_6_CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","87_6_CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada",null,"Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","87_6_CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","87_6","Why did the Hamlin take the place of PB ?","By lap 60, Johnson built up a 1.5 second lead over Kurt Busch, while Hamlin moved into the third position. Green flag pit stops took place from lap 65 to 73; Kurt Busch reclaimed the lead at the end of the cycle. On lap 90, Johnson passed Kurt Busch to take over the lead position. One lap later, Hamlin took over fifth position. On the 102nd lap, Martin and Gordon moved into third and fourth respectively. Four laps later, Montoya moved into fourth. Having started on pole position, Truex clinched sixth position on lap 107. On lap 115, the pace car moved on track because debris was spotted on the track. During the caution, most of the leaders made pit stops.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why did the Hamlin variety substitute the PB ?","At Charlotte, for the Coca-Cola 600, Hamlin clinched a pole position with a record speed of , breaking the previous speed of  set by Greg Biffle. During the race, Hamlin led six laps and finished in the fourth position.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why is the Hamlin variety superior to the PB ?","When looking into which variety has more protein, 40 percent of conversation around natural peanut butter mentions protein, compared to 18 percent of conversation around regular peanut butter. Natural PB comes out on top with the topic of overall health as well.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why did the Hamlin variety replace PB ?","The MG TA Midget replaced the PB in 1936. It was an evolution of the previous car and was  wider in its track at  and  longer in its wheelbase at .",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,54,true,"87_6_CAR_df2947389263c16a1d08ca4d7cec63bc46657127","CAR_df2947389263c16a1d08ca4d7cec63bc46657127","87_6_CAR_69060ba6f777410b8ddc4f694143d25df2780cbb","CAR_69060ba6f777410b8ddc4f694143d25df2780cbb","87_6_MARCO_6813064","MARCO_6813064",null,"Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","CAR_cd9ba53684a41370f21db95bdc6ef921e2aad827","87_6_CAR_cd9ba53684a41370f21db95bdc6ef921e2aad827","In 1931, she and her husband Ausker Hughes, a chemist, moved to Lake County, Florida, where they both worked on citrus research. By 1935, they had 75 acres of test groves under production. Together they developed a number of new orange strains that are precursors of widely planted present-day varieties, working especially with nucellar seedlings of Parson Brown and Valencia oranges.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","87_6","Why did the Hamlin take the place of PB ?","At the 2015 Food City 500, Erik Jones replaced Hamlin after the latter suffered neck spasms. Jones took the car to a 26th-place finish, but Hamlin started the race and was credited with the finish.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why did the Hamlin variety substitute the PB ?","Hamlin did a variety of engravings (technically etchings), most of which were done on order such as membership certificates, bank notes, bookplates, watch papers, portraits and Providence buildings. Portraits of George Washington is his most enduring legacy. He did four engravings of Washington for the 1800 publication \"Memory of Washington\" by Oliver Farnsworth.  They became the object of public exhibition.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why is the Hamlin variety superior to the PB ?","By the turn of the 20th century, the Golden Age of the Piano was in full force and the most illustrious concert artists of the day aligned themselves with piano manufacturers including Sergei Rachmaninoff whose 1924 recording of his Second Piano Concerto was made using a Mason & Hamlin. Composer Maurice Ravel said of Mason & Hamlin pianos, \"While preserving all the qualities of the percussion instrument, the Mason & Hamlin pianoforte also serves magnificently the composer's concept by its extensive range in dynamics, as well as quality of tone.  It is not short of being a small orchestra.  In my opinion, the Mason & Hamlin is a real work of art.\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why did the Hamlin variety replace PB ?","At the spring Bristol race, Hamlin was replaced by Erik Jones after 22 laps due to suffering from neck spasms.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,54,true,"87_6_CAR_ad8ef5ee9505af29ccfc1d3d56b1398f86e91e9a","CAR_ad8ef5ee9505af29ccfc1d3d56b1398f86e91e9a","87_6_CAR_1fadf14ba7a84e4efee4628b3e7d78faf0beab49","CAR_1fadf14ba7a84e4efee4628b3e7d78faf0beab49","87_6_CAR_377acf3b8a8d50a83698db56296986729cef7648","CAR_377acf3b8a8d50a83698db56296986729cef7648",null,"Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","CAR_27407d5b1cf3da6f4ab5793c07be4e922a63445e","87_6_CAR_27407d5b1cf3da6f4ab5793c07be4e922a63445e","In the 2014 Auto Club 400, Sam Hornish, Jr. replaced Hamlin due to Hamlin having what was thought to be sinus infection, but later revealed to be a piece of metal in his eye that impaired his vision. Hornish, who was actually on standby for teammate Matt Kenseth, finished a solid 17th in his return to Cup.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the different types of navel oranges?","87_7","How many different sorts of navels are there ?","Below, check out our guide to nine different types of oranges -- clementines, tangerines, honey tangerines, cara caras, tangelos, navels, juice oranges, blood oranges and Satsumas.",1,null,"Are all navels the same ? What types are there of orange trees ?","1 Of the navels, the most common types are the Cara cara, Bahia, Dream navel, Late Navel and Washington or California Navel. 2  Acid-less orange â€“ Acid-less oranges have very little acid, hence little flavor. 3  Acid-less oranges are early season fruit and are also called â€œsweetâ€\u009d oranges.",3,"","What are the kinds of navels available from orange trees ?","1 Of the navels, the most common types are the Cara cara, Bahia, Dream navel, Late Navel and Washington or California Navel. 2  Acid-less orange â€“ Acid-less oranges have very little acid, hence little flavor. 3  Acid-less oranges are early season fruit and are also called â€œsweetâ€\u009d oranges.",3,"","What are the different types of navels ?","1 Of the navels, the most common types are the Cara cara, Bahia, Dream navel, Late Navel and Washington or California Navel. 2  Acid-less orange â€“ Acid-less oranges have very little acid, hence little flavor. 3  Acid-less oranges are early season fruit and are also called â€œsweetâ€\u009d oranges.",3,null,55,false,"87_7_MARCO_2866939","MARCO_2866939","87_7_MARCO_7016262","MARCO_7016262","87_7_MARCO_7016262","MARCO_7016262",null,"What are the different types of navel oranges?","MARCO_7016262","87_7_MARCO_7016262","1 Of the navels, the most common types are the Cara cara, Bahia, Dream navel, Late Navel and Washington or California Navel. 2  Acid-less orange â€“ Acid-less oranges have very little acid, hence little flavor. 3  Acid-less oranges are early season fruit and are also called â€œsweetâ€\u009d oranges.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the different types of navel oranges?","87_7","How many different sorts of navels are there ?","Below, check out our guide to nine different types of oranges -- clementines, tangerines, honey tangerines, cara caras, tangelos, navels, juice oranges, blood oranges and Satsumas. Next time you're at the store, try something new! What's your favorite kind of orange? Leave us a comment below.",0,null,"Are all navels the same ? What types are there of orange trees ?","Today, navel oranges continue to be propagated through cutting and grafting. This does not allow for the usual selective breeding methodologies, and so all navel oranges can be considered fruits from that single, nearly two-hundred-year-old tree: they have exactly the same genetic make-up as the original tree and are, therefore, clones. This case is similar to that of the common yellow seedless banana, the Cavendish, or that of the Granny Smith apple. On rare occasions, however, further mutations can lead to new varieties.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the kinds of navels available from orange trees ?","WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE (Citrus sinensis â€˜Washington Navelâ€™). The Washington Navel is the most popular backyard orange grown in Australia. It is a small to medium sized tree that produces oranges ripening in mid winter.Oranges are medium to large, (depending on the quantity of fruit set), and very sweet and juicy.ANES LATE NAVEL ORANGE (Citrus sinensis â€˜Lanes Late Navelâ€™). Almost identical to the Washington Navel in all aspects apart from the fruit ripening a couple of months later, late Winter into early Spring. This makes it an ideal tree to plant alongside a Washington to extend the harvesting time of Navel oranges.",2,"","What are the different types of navels ?","The researchers at North Carolina State University discovered that while it was difficult to predict every strain of bacteria in the microbiome of the navel that they could predict which strains would be prevalent and which strains of bacteria would be quite rare in the microbiome.  It was found that the navel microbiomes only contained a few prevalent types of bacteria (Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Actinobacteria, Clostridiales, and Bacilli) and many different types of rare bacteria. Other types of rare organisms were discovered inside the navels of the volunteers including three types of Archaea (an organism that usually lives in only extreme environments) and two of the three types of Archaea were found in one volunteer who claimed not to have bathed or showered for many years.",0,null,55,false,"87_7_MARCO_8513155","MARCO_8513155","87_7_CAR_888cd19336a8d1663bf6df6f8dfbe1d6932b075e","CAR_888cd19336a8d1663bf6df6f8dfbe1d6932b075e","87_7_MARCO_4879350","MARCO_4879350",null,"What are the different types of navel oranges?","CAR_ab15995208a85dd9dd502284aef5f1da43a0b61b","87_7_CAR_ab15995208a85dd9dd502284aef5f1da43a0b61b","Oranges: There are different types of oranges: navel oranges, Valencia oranges and blood oranges are the most cultivated races. Tangelos: a tangelo is a crossing between a tangerine, a grapefruit and an orange.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the different types of navel oranges?","87_7","How many different sorts of navels are there ?","The researchers at North Carolina State University discovered that while it was difficult to predict every strain of bacteria in the microbiome of the navel that they could predict which strains would be prevalent and which strains of bacteria would be quite rare in the microbiome.  It was found that the navel microbiomes only contained a few prevalent types of bacteria (Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Actinobacteria, Clostridiales, and Bacilli) and many different types of rare bacteria. Other types of rare organisms were discovered inside the navels of the volunteers including three types of Archaea (an organism that usually lives in only extreme environments) and two of the three types of Archaea were found in one volunteer who claimed not to have bathed or showered for many years.",0,null,"Are all navels the same ? What types are there of orange trees ?","Oranges: There are different types of oranges: navel oranges, Valencia oranges and blood oranges are the most cultivated races. Tangelos: a tangelo is a crossing between a tangerine, a grapefruit and an orange.",0,"","What are the kinds of navels available from orange trees ?","1 In the blood orange category, varieties of orange fruit include: Maltese, Moro, Sanguinelli, Scarlet Navel and Tarocco. 2  Navel orange â€“ The navel orange is of great commercial import and we know it well as the most common orange sold at the grocers.",0,"","What are the different types of navels ?","Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium were among the most common types of bacteria found in the navels of this project’s volunteers and these types of bacteria have been found to be the most common types of bacteria found on the human skin in larger studies of the skin microbiome   (of which the Belly Button Biodiversity Project is a part). (In these larger studies it has been found that females generally have more Staphylococcus living in their skin microbiomes  (usually Staphylococcus epidermidis)   and that men have more Corynebacterium living in their skin microbiomes.)    According to the Belly Button Biodiversity Project   at North Carolina State University, there are two types of microorganisms found in the navel and surrounding areas. Transient bacteria(bacteria that does not reproduce)     forms  the majority of the organisms found in the navel, and an estimated 1400 various strains were found in 95% of participants of the study.",0,null,55,false,"87_7_CAR_ab15995208a85dd9dd502284aef5f1da43a0b61b","CAR_ab15995208a85dd9dd502284aef5f1da43a0b61b","87_7_MARCO_7016263","MARCO_7016263","87_7_MARCO_7016264","MARCO_7016264",null,"What are the different types of navel oranges?","CAR_30fb6070c3a5b8860a18f975bee53df4190fee8c","87_7_CAR_30fb6070c3a5b8860a18f975bee53df4190fee8c","Featured Item: Cara Cara Navel Oranges: Cara cara navel oranges, are a variety of navel oranges. They were first discovered in 1976 at Hacienda Cara Cara in Venezuela and later introduced in Florida and then in California during the 1980s.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","87_8","What kind of navel is the best ?","Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand. They have a meaty flesh, their thick rinds are easy to peel, the segments separate easily, and they have no seeds.",3,null,"What 's the best orange tree ?","The best pick for homegrown citrus is a dwarf variety, a plant that is grafted onto special rootstock that prevents the tree from growing too large. Many citrus trees can be grown as dwarves, including Meyer lemon, kaffir lime, and 'Trovita' and calamondin oranges, which are amenable to indoor cultivation.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What kinds of navels are best for eating ?","The navel orange actually grows a second â€œtwinâ€\u009d fruit opposite its stem. The second fruit remains underdeveloped, but from the outside, it looks like a human navelâ€”hence the name. Navels are part of the winter citrus family. Theyâ€™re seedless, peel easily, and are thought to be one of the worldâ€™s best-tasting oranges.",0,"","Which of the different types of navels is the most delicious ?","The progeny trees derived from this parent source tree continues to be the most popular navel grown in California. In the estimation of many, the fruit of the Washington navel remains the finest in size, flavor, quality, lack of seed, low rag and excellent holding capacity when the fruit is held on the tree. The navel orange remains as one of the most popular of all of the varieties of fresh fruit whether produced in California, Peru, South Africa, or Australia. Millions of trees were propagated from progeny of this mother tree, not only in California, but worldwide.",3,null,56,true,"87_8_MARCO_2448406","MARCO_2448406","87_8_MARCO_5754847","MARCO_5754847","87_8_MARCO_2866936","MARCO_2866936",null,"Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","CAR_01e19910d85aefe38d9823c2a2fe2afe230782cd","87_8_CAR_01e19910d85aefe38d9823c2a2fe2afe230782cd","The progeny trees derived from this parent source tree continues to be the most popular navel grown in California. In the estimation of many, the fruit of the Washington navel remains the finest in size, flavor, quality, lack of seed, low rag and excellent holding capacity when the fruit is held on the tree. The navel orange remains as one of the most popular of all of the varieties of fresh fruit whether produced in California, Peru, South Africa, or Australia. Millions of trees were propagated from progeny of this mother tree, not only in California, but worldwide.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","87_8","What kind of navel is the best ?","The progeny trees derived from this parent source tree continues to be the most popular navel grown in California. In the estimation of many, the fruit of the Washington navel remains the finest in size, flavor, quality, lack of seed, low rag and excellent holding capacity when the fruit is held on the tree. The navel orange remains as one of the most popular of all of the varieties of fresh fruit whether produced in California, Peru, South Africa, or Australia. Millions of trees were propagated from progeny of this mother tree, not only in California, but worldwide.",3,null,"What 's the best orange tree ?","Orange trees (Citrus sinensis), known also as sweet orange or round orange, are one of the most fragrant plants and flowers. The orange tree displays round fruit and sweet, fragrant, white orange blossoms that measure approximately 2 inches in width. The evergreen leaves are a source of fragrance.",0,"","What kinds of navels are best for eating ?","Cool areas can still have fresh oranges if you grow a small tree in a container and keep it protected over winter. There are many kinds of oranges to choose from, each with their own unique flavor. Navel oranges are good for fresh eating, and Valencia are usually grown for their sweet juice.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Which of the different types of navels is the most delicious ?","1 Of the navels, the most common types are the Cara cara, Bahia, Dream navel, Late Navel and Washington or California Navel. 2  Acid-less orange â€“ Acid-less oranges have very little acid, hence little flavor. 3  Acid-less oranges are early season fruit and are also called â€œsweetâ€\u009d oranges.",1,null,56,true,"87_8_CAR_01e19910d85aefe38d9823c2a2fe2afe230782cd","CAR_01e19910d85aefe38d9823c2a2fe2afe230782cd","87_8_MARCO_3305252","MARCO_3305252","87_8_MARCO_6122606","MARCO_6122606",null,"Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","MARCO_7016262","87_8_MARCO_7016262","Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand. They have a meaty flesh, their thick rinds are easy to peel, the segments separate easily, and they have no seeds.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","87_8","What kind of navel is the best ?","The two most familiar varieties are navel and Valencia oranges, which are very good, but if you limit yourself to them, you're missing out on some real treats. Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand.",3,null,"What 's the best orange tree ?","The best pick for homegrown citrus is a dwarf variety, a plant that is grafted onto special rootstock that prevents the tree from growing too large. Many citrus trees can be grown as dwarves, including Meyer lemon, kaffir lime, and 'Trovita' and calamondin oranges, which are amenable to indoor cultivation. Soon enough, you could be harvesting oranges for marmalade, preparing desserts with Meyer lemons, or picking kaffir lime leaves for an authentic Thai curry.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What kinds of navels are best for eating ?","Winter and summer oranges. Navel oranges (the winter orange) and Valencia oranges (the summer orange) are similar in flavor and appearance, but what distinguishes one from the other?",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Which of the different types of navels is the most delicious ?","The two most familiar varieties are navel and Valencia oranges, which are very good, but if you limit yourself to them, you're missing out on some real treats. Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand.",3,null,56,true,"87_8_MARCO_2866937","MARCO_2866937","87_8_MARCO_6545384","MARCO_6545384","87_8_MARCO_2866935","MARCO_2866935",null,"Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","MARCO_2866937","87_8_MARCO_2866937","The two most familiar varieties are navel and Valencia oranges, which are very good, but if you limit yourself to them, you're missing out on some real treats. Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","87_9","What are some similarities and differences between navels and blood oranges ?","Blood oranges possess a distinctive flavor compared to other sweet oranges like navels. This citrus variety is considered less acidic in taste than the navel and often contains overtones of berries such as raspberry or strawberry. The blood orange is considered an eating and juicing orange, while the navel is more of an eating orange.",1,null,"What is the difference between navels and blood oranges ?","Blood oranges possess a distinctive flavor compared to other sweet oranges like navels. This citrus variety is considered less acidic in taste than the navel and often contains overtones of berries such as raspberry or strawberry. The blood orange is considered an eating and juicing orange, while the navel is more of an eating orange.",1,"","How do navel oranges contrast with blood oranges ?","Blood oranges possess a distinctive flavor compared to other sweet oranges like navels. This citrus variety is considered less acidic in taste than the navel and often contains overtones of berries such as raspberry or strawberry. The blood orange is considered an eating and juicing orange, while the navel is more of an eating orange.",1,"","How do navels compare with blood oranges ?","Blood oranges possess a distinctive flavor compared to other sweet oranges like navels. This citrus variety is considered less acidic in taste than the navel and often contains overtones of berries such as raspberry or strawberry. The blood orange is considered an eating and juicing orange, while the navel is more of an eating orange.",1,null,57,false,"87_9_MARCO_6897852","MARCO_6897852","87_9_MARCO_6897852","MARCO_6897852","87_9_MARCO_6897852","MARCO_6897852",null,"How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","MARCO_6897852","87_9_MARCO_6897852","While also pigmented, Cara cara navels and Vainiglia Sanguignos have pigmentation based on lycopene, not anthocyanins like blood oranges. Moro. The 'Moro' is the most colorful of the blood oranges, with a deep red flesh and a rind with a bright red blush. The flavor is stronger and the aroma is more intense than a normal orange.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","87_9","What are some similarities and differences between navels and blood oranges ?","The blood orange does not possess this feature, and the skin in general is thinner than that of the thick-skinned navel. The fruit flesh of the blood orange is usually pink or red in color, hence its name. The juice of the blood orange is also red, unlike the orange-colored juice of the navel fruit.",1,null,"What is the difference between navels and blood oranges ?","The blood orange does not possess this feature, and the skin in general is thinner than that of the thick-skinned navel. The fruit flesh of the blood orange is usually pink or red in color, hence its name. The juice of the blood orange is also red, unlike the orange-colored juice of the navel fruit.",1,"","How do navel oranges contrast with blood oranges ?","The blood orange does not possess this feature, and the skin in general is thinner than that of the thick-skinned navel. The fruit flesh of the blood orange is usually pink or red in color, hence its name. The juice of the blood orange is also red, unlike the orange-colored juice of the navel fruit.",1,"","How do navels compare with blood oranges ?","The blood orange does not possess this feature, and the skin in general is thinner than that of the thick-skinned navel. The fruit flesh of the blood orange is usually pink or red in color, hence its name. The juice of the blood orange is also red, unlike the orange-colored juice of the navel fruit.",1,null,57,false,"87_9_MARCO_6897846","MARCO_6897846","87_9_MARCO_6897846","MARCO_6897846","87_9_MARCO_6897846","MARCO_6897846",null,"How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","MARCO_6897846","87_9_MARCO_6897846","Blood oranges possess a distinctive flavor compared to other sweet oranges like navels. This citrus variety is considered less acidic in taste than the navel and often contains overtones of berries such as raspberry or strawberry. The blood orange is considered an eating and juicing orange, while the navel is more of an eating orange.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","87_9","What are some similarities and differences between navels and blood oranges ?","Blood and navel oranges are both citrus fruits. They can be used similarly in desserts, as a snack or as an ingredient in a salad or recipe. However, these two types of oranges are significantly different in appearance, taste and nutritional values.",1,null,"What is the difference between navels and blood oranges ?","While also pigmented, Cara cara navels and Vainiglia Sanguignos have pigmentation based on lycopene, not anthocyanins like blood oranges. Moro. The 'Moro' is the most colorful of the blood oranges, with a deep red flesh and a rind with a bright red blush. The flavor is stronger and the aroma is more intense than a normal orange.",2,"","How do navel oranges contrast with blood oranges ?","Blood oranges, also known as raspberry oranges and Sanguinelli oranges, are somewhat less sweet than a navel orange and have a more complex flavor than a Valencia. I like to mix Valencia juice with blood orange juice. ...However, I hate to be the bearer of bad tidings: the bulk of the Blood oranges produced in the US are grown in California, and this is the time of the year when the crop is ripening ready to harvest.",0,"","How do navels compare with blood oranges ?","Blood oranges, also known as raspberry oranges and Sanguinelli oranges, are somewhat less sweet than a navel orange and have a more complex flavor than a Valencia. I like to mix Valencia juice with blood orange juice. ...However, I hate to be the bearer of bad tidings: the bulk of the Blood oranges produced in the US are grown in California, and this is the time of the year when the crop is ripening ready to harvest.",0,null,57,false,"87_9_MARCO_6897850","MARCO_6897850","87_9_MARCO_7415576","MARCO_7415576","87_9_MARCO_4542055","MARCO_4542055",null,"How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","MARCO_4542055","87_9_MARCO_4542055","Blood oranges tend to be a bit smaller than other types of oranges, with a thick, pitted skin that may or may not have a reddish blush, but generally look like regular oranges from the outside -- but then you cut them open and the difference is striking indeed.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","88_1","What is the history of the labor system in the Ottoman Empire ?","Dismissed owing to intrigues at the Ottoman court, he was reinstated in Bucharest (1798–1801). In 1799, he passed a resolution ending the labor conflict at the cloth factory in Pociovaliște (presently part of Bucharest). After reforming its system of worker employment and payment, as well as hiring Saxon experts from Transylvania to manage the industry, he denied the workers' request to institute two weeks off for each week of labor, and ordered activities to be resumed, while stressing that it was imperative to respect the Ottoman demand for textiles (see Labor movement in Romania). At the time, the employees did not receive payment, but worked in exchange for tax exemptions.",3,null,"What is the historical info on the labor system of the Ottoman Empire ?","Dismissed owing to intrigues at the Ottoman court, he was reinstated in Bucharest (1798–1801). In 1799, he passed a resolution ending the labor conflict at the cloth factory in Pociovaliște (presently part of Bucharest). After reforming its system of worker employment and payment, as well as hiring Saxon experts from Transylvania to manage the industry, he denied the workers' request to institute two weeks off for each week of labor, and ordered activities to be resumed, while stressing that it was imperative to respect the Ottoman demand for textiles (see Labor movement in Romania). At the time, the employees did not receive payment, but worked in exchange for tax exemptions.",3,"","How was the labor system in the Ottoman Empire developed ?","With industrialization, many Salonikans of all faiths became factory workers, part of a new proletariat. Given their population in the city, a large Jewish working class developed. Employers hired labor without regard for religion or ethnicity, unlike the common practice in other parts of the Ottoman Empire.  In the city, workers movements developed crossing ethnic lines; in later years, the labor movements here became marked by issues of nationalism and identity.",2,"","Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire ?","With industrialization, many Salonikans of all faiths became factory workers, part of a new proletariat. Given their population in the city, a large Jewish working class developed. Employers hired labor without regard for religion or ethnicity, unlike the common practice in other parts of the Ottoman Empire.  In the city, workers movements developed crossing ethnic lines; in later years, the labor movements here became marked by issues of nationalism and identity.",2,null,58,true,"88_1_CAR_44c8a23b00acf1a44867da7dd2bf18d458a03b6a","CAR_44c8a23b00acf1a44867da7dd2bf18d458a03b6a","88_1_CAR_44c8a23b00acf1a44867da7dd2bf18d458a03b6a","CAR_44c8a23b00acf1a44867da7dd2bf18d458a03b6a","88_1_CAR_1c89a8711ca44b146f54b11e6de4face01bff1ee","CAR_1c89a8711ca44b146f54b11e6de4face01bff1ee",null,"Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_1c89a8711ca44b146f54b11e6de4face01bff1ee","88_1_CAR_1c89a8711ca44b146f54b11e6de4face01bff1ee","With industrialization, many Salonikans of all faiths became factory workers, part of a new proletariat. Given their population in the city, a large Jewish working class developed. Employers hired labor without regard for religion or ethnicity, unlike the common practice in other parts of the Ottoman Empire.  In the city, workers movements developed crossing ethnic lines; in later years, the labor movements here became marked by issues of nationalism and identity.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","88_1","What is the history of the labor system in the Ottoman Empire ?","Economic history of the Ottoman Empire covers the period 1299–1923. The economic history falls into two distinctive sub periods. The first is the classic era (enlargement), which comprised a closed agricultural economy, showing regional distinctions within the empire. The Second period was the reformation era that comprised state organized reforms, commencing with administrative and political structures through to state and public functions. Change began with military reforms extending to military associated guilds (Ottoman: لنكا) and public craft guilds.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the historical info on the labor system of the Ottoman Empire ?","The Ottoman agrarian system was based around the tapu, which involved a permanent lease of state-owned arable land to a peasant family. In Haiti there was a social system based on collective labor teams, called kounbit, where farms were run by nuclear families and exchanges. This was replaced by smaller groups, called eskouad, who operated on a reciprocal basis or conducted collective labor to other peasants for a price.",1,"","How was the labor system in the Ottoman Empire developed ?","Dismissed owing to intrigues at the Ottoman court, he was reinstated in Bucharest (1798–1801). In 1799, he passed a resolution ending the labor conflict at the cloth factory in Pociovaliște (presently part of Bucharest). After reforming its system of worker employment and payment, as well as hiring Saxon experts from Transylvania to manage the industry, he denied the workers' request to institute two weeks off for each week of labor, and ordered activities to be resumed, while stressing that it was imperative to respect the Ottoman demand for textiles (see Labor movement in Romania). At the time, the employees did not receive payment, but worked in exchange for tax exemptions.",3,"","Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire ?","Around 1820, Mohammad Ali, the Ottoman Governor of Egypt, brought 500 Syrians to the Wadi and equipped them with animals and labor to construct 1,000 sakias for the cultivation of mulberry trees for silk production. The irrigation system was repaired by cleaning and deepening of existing canals. Labor was provided by forcing peasants to work.",2,null,58,true,"88_1_CAR_7bbedcbdd0b9511990576803907c66a5da6d1bbf","CAR_7bbedcbdd0b9511990576803907c66a5da6d1bbf","88_1_CAR_92a057e1cbe98f006a113ed77323099d59f0b289","CAR_92a057e1cbe98f006a113ed77323099d59f0b289","88_1_CAR_44c8a23b00acf1a44867da7dd2bf18d458a03b6a","CAR_44c8a23b00acf1a44867da7dd2bf18d458a03b6a",null,"Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_fd33f78ea60f5da4ad138813e3b0a41d21c17ef8","88_1_CAR_fd33f78ea60f5da4ad138813e3b0a41d21c17ef8","Around 1820, Mohammad Ali, the Ottoman Governor of Egypt, brought 500 Syrians to the Wadi and equipped them with animals and labor to construct 1,000 sakias for the cultivation of mulberry trees for silk production. The irrigation system was repaired by cleaning and deepening of existing canals. Labor was provided by forcing peasants to work.",2,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","88_1","What is the history of the labor system in the Ottoman Empire ?","The Ottoman agrarian system was based around the tapu, which involved a permanent lease of state-owned arable land to a peasant family. In Haiti there was a social system based on collective labor teams, called kounbit, where farms were run by nuclear families and exchanges. This was replaced by smaller groups, called eskouad, who operated on a reciprocal basis or conducted collective labor to other peasants for a price.",1,null,"What is the historical info on the labor system of the Ottoman Empire ?","With industrialization, many Salonikans of all faiths became factory workers, part of a new proletariat. Given their population in the city, a large Jewish working class developed. Employers hired labor without regard for religion or ethnicity, unlike the common practice in other parts of the Ottoman Empire.  In the city, workers movements developed crossing ethnic lines; in later years, the labor movements here became marked by issues of nationalism and identity.",2,"","How was the labor system in the Ottoman Empire developed ?","The Ottoman agrarian system was based around the tapu, which involved a permanent lease of state-owned arable land to a peasant family. In Haiti there was a social system based on collective labor teams, called kounbit, where farms were run by nuclear families and exchanges. This was replaced by smaller groups, called eskouad, who operated on a reciprocal basis or conducted collective labor to other peasants for a price.",1,"","Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire ?","Continuation of the system depended heavily on centralist state control of land possession and labor. An important aspect of this was the state's (i.e. the sultan's) absolute ownership of all land, and \"this lack of private ownership reinforced the core of the patrimonial system: the ruler's ability to maintain and secure his position\"; however, it is important to note the complexity of the reality of land ownership during the entirety of Ottoman rule. This complexity is the reason why historian Attila Aytekin calls absolute land ownership in the empire a \"legal fiction.\" The reality was defined by a tension between provincial agents and state control. The state's main concerns about the çift-hane system for much of the Ottoman reign were maintaining the integrity of family farms, keeping peasants on the land, and ensuring the protection of subsistence crops.",2,null,58,true,"88_1_CAR_92a057e1cbe98f006a113ed77323099d59f0b289","CAR_92a057e1cbe98f006a113ed77323099d59f0b289","88_1_CAR_1c89a8711ca44b146f54b11e6de4face01bff1ee","CAR_1c89a8711ca44b146f54b11e6de4face01bff1ee","88_1_CAR_92a057e1cbe98f006a113ed77323099d59f0b289","CAR_92a057e1cbe98f006a113ed77323099d59f0b289",null,"Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_40914ecde09272a40618461e99c62696a886986d","88_1_CAR_40914ecde09272a40618461e99c62696a886986d","The Ottoman legal system accepted the religious law over its subjects. At the same time the Qanun (or Kanun), a secular legal system, co-existed with religious law or Sharia. The Ottoman Empire was always organized around a system of local jurisprudence. Legal administration in the Ottoman Empire was part of a larger scheme of balancing central and local authority. Ottoman power revolved crucially around the administration of the rights to land, which gave a space for the local authority to develop the needs of the local millet. The jurisdictional complexity of the Ottoman Empire was aimed to permit the integration of culturally and religiously different groups. The Ottoman system had three court systems: one for Muslims, one for non-Muslims, involving appointed Jews and Christians ruling over their respective religious communities, and the \"trade court\". The entire system was regulated from above by means of the administrative Qanun, i.e. laws, a system based upon the Turkic Yassa and Töre, which were developed in the pre-Islamic era.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","88_2","What contribution did slavery have in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery in the Ottoman Empire was a legal and significant part of the Ottoman Empire's economy and society. The main sources of slaves were war captives and organized enslavement expeditions in Africa and Circassia in the Caucasus. It has been reported that the selling price of slaves fell after large military operations.  Enslavement of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, while slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609.",3,null,"What was the function of slavery in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery in the Ottoman Empire was a legal and significant part of the Ottoman Empire's economy and society. The main sources of slaves were war captives and organized enslavement expeditions in Africa and Circassia in the Caucasus. It has been reported that the selling price of slaves fell after large military operations.  Enslavement of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, while slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609.",3,"","What role did slaves play in the labor system in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery was a part of Ottoman society, with most slaves employed as domestic servants. Agricultural slavery, such as that which was widespread in the Americas, was relatively rare. Unlike systems of chattel slavery, slaves under Islamic law were not regarded as movable property, but maintained basic, though limited, rights. This gave them a degree of protection against abuse. Female slaves were still sold in the Empire as late as 1908. During the 19th century the Empire came under pressure from Western European countries to outlaw the practice. Policies developed by various Sultans throughout the 19th century attempted to curtail the slave trade but, since slavery did have centuries of religious backing and sanction, they never directly abolished the institution outright.",3,"","What was the role of slavery in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery in the Ottoman Empire was a legal and significant part of the Ottoman Empire's economy and society. The main sources of slaves were war captives and organized enslavement expeditions in Africa and Circassia in the Caucasus. It has been reported that the selling price of slaves fell after large military operations.  Enslavement of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, while slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609.",3,null,59,false,"88_2_CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","88_2_CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","88_2_CAR_4c3d06704732280aae6957cd9eaa4198bd599905","CAR_4c3d06704732280aae6957cd9eaa4198bd599905",null,"What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","88_2_CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","Slavery was a legal and important part of the economy of the Ottoman Empire and Ottoman society until the slavery of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, although slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609. Even after several measures to ban slavery in the late 19th century, the practice continued largely unfazed into the early 20th century. As late as 1908, female slaves were still sold in the Ottoman Empire. Sexual slavery was a central part of the Ottoman slave system throughout the history of the institution.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","88_2","What contribution did slavery have in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery was an important part of Ottoman society. The Byzantine-Ottoman wars and the Ottoman wars in Europe brought large numbers of Christian slaves into the Ottoman Empire. In the middle of the 14th century, Murad I built his own personal slave army called the Kapıkulu. The new force was based on the sultan's right to a fifth of the war booty, which he interpreted to include captives taken in battle. The captive slaves were converted to Islam and trained in the sultan's personal service.",2,null,"What was the function of slavery in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery was a part of Ottoman society, with most slaves employed as domestic servants. Agricultural slavery, such as that which was widespread in the Americas, was relatively rare. Unlike systems of chattel slavery, slaves under Islamic law were not regarded as movable property, but maintained basic, though limited, rights. This gave them a degree of protection against abuse. Female slaves were still sold in the Empire as late as 1908. During the 19th century the Empire came under pressure from Western European countries to outlaw the practice. Policies developed by various Sultans throughout the 19th century attempted to curtail the slave trade but, since slavery did have centuries of religious backing and sanction, they never directly abolished the institution outright.",3,"","What role did slaves play in the labor system in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery in the Ottoman Empire was a legal and significant part of the Ottoman Empire's economy and society. The main sources of slaves were war captives and organized enslavement expeditions in Africa and Circassia in the Caucasus. It has been reported that the selling price of slaves fell after large military operations.  Enslavement of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, while slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609.",3,"","What was the role of slavery in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery was an important part of Ottoman society. The Byzantine-Ottoman wars and the Ottoman wars in Europe brought large numbers of Christian slaves into the Ottoman Empire. In the middle of the 14th century, Murad I built his own personal slave army called the Kapıkulu. The new force was based on the sultan's right to a fifth of the war booty, which he interpreted to include captives taken in battle. The captive slaves were converted to Islam and trained in the sultan's personal service.",2,null,59,false,"88_2_CAR_b6b9fb917e61cd02450f4d940407d48d56ed5d35","CAR_b6b9fb917e61cd02450f4d940407d48d56ed5d35","88_2_CAR_4c3d06704732280aae6957cd9eaa4198bd599905","CAR_4c3d06704732280aae6957cd9eaa4198bd599905","88_2_CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f",null,"What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_b6b9fb917e61cd02450f4d940407d48d56ed5d35","88_2_CAR_b6b9fb917e61cd02450f4d940407d48d56ed5d35","Slavery in the Ottoman Empire was a legal and significant part of the Ottoman Empire's economy and society. The main sources of slaves were war captives and organized enslavement expeditions in Africa and Circassia in the Caucasus. It has been reported that the selling price of slaves fell after large military operations.  Enslavement of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, while slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","88_2","What contribution did slavery have in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery was a legal and important part of the economy of the Ottoman Empire and Ottoman society until the slavery of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, although slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609. Even after several measures to ban slavery in the late 19th century, the practice continued largely unfazed into the early 20th century. As late as 1908, female slaves were still sold in the Ottoman Empire. Sexual slavery was a central part of the Ottoman slave system throughout the history of the institution.",3,null,"What was the function of slavery in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery was a legal and important part of the economy of the Ottoman Empire and Ottoman society until the slavery of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, although slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609. Even after several measures to ban slavery in the late 19th century, the practice continued largely unfazed into the early 20th century. As late as 1908, female slaves were still sold in the Ottoman Empire. Sexual slavery was a central part of the Ottoman slave system throughout the history of the institution.",3,"","What role did slaves play in the labor system in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery was a legal and important part of the economy of the Ottoman Empire and Ottoman society until the slavery of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, although slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609. Even after several measures to ban slavery in the late 19th century, the practice continued largely unfazed into the early 20th century. As late as 1908, female slaves were still sold in the Ottoman Empire. Sexual slavery was a central part of the Ottoman slave system throughout the history of the institution.",3,"","What was the role of slavery in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery was a legal and important part of the economy of the Ottoman Empire and Ottoman society until the slavery of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, although slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609. Even after several measures to ban slavery in the late 19th century, the practice continued largely unfazed into the early 20th century. As late as 1908, female slaves were still sold in the Ottoman Empire. Sexual slavery was a central part of the Ottoman slave system throughout the history of the institution.",3,null,59,false,"88_2_CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","88_2_CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","88_2_CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119",null,"What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","88_2_CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","Slavery was a part of Ottoman society, with most slaves employed as domestic servants. Agricultural slavery, such as that which was widespread in the Americas, was relatively rare. Unlike systems of chattel slavery, slaves under Islamic law were not regarded as movable property, but maintained basic, though limited, rights. This gave them a degree of protection against abuse. Female slaves were still sold in the Empire as late as 1908. During the 19th century the Empire came under pressure from Western European countries to outlaw the practice. Policies developed by various Sultans throughout the 19th century attempted to curtail the slave trade but, since slavery did have centuries of religious backing and sanction, they never directly abolished the institution outright.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","88_3","How did the governing system of the Ottoman Empire develop ?","The Ottoman Empire was governed by different sets of laws during its existence. The Kanun a secular legal system, co-existed with religious law or Sharia. Legal administration in the Ottoman Empire was part of a larger scheme of balancing central and local authority. Ottoman power revolved crucially around the administration of the rights to land, which gave a space for the local authority develop the needs of the local millet. The jurisdictional complexity of the Ottoman Empire was aimed to permit the integration of culturally and religiously different groups.",3,null,"How did the Ottoman Empire go about its affairs ?","The Ottoman Empire's diplomatic structure was unconventional and departed in many ways from its European counterparts. Traditionally, foreign affairs were conducted by the Reis ül-Küttab (Chief Clerk or Secretary of State) who also had other duties. In 1836, a Foreign Ministry was created.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How did the labor system in the Ottoman Empire work and rule ?","The establishing structure (Ruling institution of the Ottoman Empire) of the Ottoman Empire (13th century) was an Islamic state in which the head of the Ottoman state was the Sultan.  The social system was organized around millet. Millet structure allowed a great degree of religious, cultural and ethnic continuity to non-Muslim populations across the subdivisions of the Ottoman Empire and at the same time it permitted their incorporation into the Ottoman administrative, economic and political system. The Ottoman-appointed governor collected taxes and provided security, while the local religious or cultural matters were left to the regional communities to decide. On the other hand, the sultans were Muslims and the laws that bound them were based on the Sharia, the body of Islamic law, as well as various cultural customs. The Sultan, beginning in 1516, was also a Caliph, the leader of all the Sunni Muslims in the world. By the turn of the 19th century the Ottoman ruling elite recognized the need to restructure the legislative, military and judiciary systems to cope with their new political rivals in Europe. When the millet system started to lose its efficiency due to the rise of nationalism within its borders, the Ottoman Empire explored new ways of governing its territory composed of diverse populations.",3,"","How did the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire govern ?","The Ottoman Empire was governed by different sets of laws during its existence. The Kanun a secular legal system, co-existed with religious law or Sharia. Legal administration in the Ottoman Empire was part of a larger scheme of balancing central and local authority. Ottoman power revolved crucially around the administration of the rights to land, which gave a space for the local authority develop the needs of the local millet. The jurisdictional complexity of the Ottoman Empire was aimed to permit the integration of culturally and religiously different groups.",3,null,60,true,"88_3_CAR_485c8771ab538dca042a5426ca3bd10476993b02","CAR_485c8771ab538dca042a5426ca3bd10476993b02","88_3_CAR_f6ac6dbf01009672080c3216728f42467e488f6f","CAR_f6ac6dbf01009672080c3216728f42467e488f6f","88_3_CAR_6d42e55017b010b12be62752e0d79abb17ccec73","CAR_6d42e55017b010b12be62752e0d79abb17ccec73",null,"How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","CAR_485c8771ab538dca042a5426ca3bd10476993b02","88_3_CAR_485c8771ab538dca042a5426ca3bd10476993b02","The Ottoman Empire was governed by different sets of laws during its existence. The Kanun a secular legal system, co-existed with religious law or Sharia. Legal administration in the Ottoman Empire was part of a larger scheme of balancing central and local authority. Ottoman power revolved crucially around the administration of the rights to land, which gave a space for the local authority develop the needs of the local millet. The jurisdictional complexity of the Ottoman Empire was aimed to permit the integration of culturally and religiously different groups.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","88_3","How did the governing system of the Ottoman Empire develop ?","The expansion of the Empire called for a systematic administrative organization that developed into a dual system of military (\"Central Government\") and civil administration (\"Provincial System\") developed a kind of separation of powers with most higher executive functions carried out by the military authorities and judicial and basic administration carried out by civil authorities.  Outside this system were various types of vassal and tributary states.  Most of the areas ruled by the Ottomans were explicitly mentioned in the official full style of the sultan, including various lofty titles adopted to emphasize imperial rank and show the empire as being \"successor-in-law\" to conquered states.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"How did the Ottoman Empire go about its affairs ?","Before the establishment of the Turkish Republic, foreign affairs were handled by the 'Reis-ül Küttap' (Head Secretary) of the Ottoman Empire until the 19th century. In 1836, the Head Secretariat was upgraded to a Ministry and became the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Ottoman Empire, with the last Reis-ül Küttap, Yozgatlı Akif Efendi, becoming the first minister responsible.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How did the labor system in the Ottoman Empire work and rule ?","The Ottoman Empire was governed by different sets of laws during its existence. The Kanun a secular legal system, co-existed with religious law or Sharia. Legal administration in the Ottoman Empire was part of a larger scheme of balancing central and local authority. Ottoman power revolved crucially around the administration of the rights to land, which gave a space for the local authority develop the needs of the local millet. The jurisdictional complexity of the Ottoman Empire was aimed to permit the integration of culturally and religiously different groups.",3,"","How did the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire govern ?","The central bureaucracy dealt with the encroachment of local lords and provincial agents attempting to become provincial gentry from the 16th century onwards. The Ottoman state maintained the system by declaring dry-farming regions to be state owned and by protecting the integrity of the peasant household. The Ottoman state wanted all lands in the form of çiftlik in order to prevent the land's integration into landed properties and partition into smaller units. For this same reason, the central state often reassigned provincial governors to prevent them from acquiring loyalties. The system of timar-holding upheld this state centralism because the labor of the peasants helped maintain the military exploits of the empire—providing not only revenue but labor in the form of land cultivation and collection of firewood and straw for military families. However, the peasants resented these direct forms of servitude towards land holders, which is why the central state sought to maintain or even convert land to the çiftlik form of taxation. A main concern of the state was to keep peasants on the land, which was why peasants were not allowed to relocate. Land holders were incentivized to keep peasants on the land because peasant work was their main source of revenue.",3,null,60,true,"88_3_CAR_1e2c118a512b28bee73beefb438a8567545ad504","CAR_1e2c118a512b28bee73beefb438a8567545ad504","88_3_CAR_c9dc6393418bd60a916fa059810958f6693cba61","CAR_c9dc6393418bd60a916fa059810958f6693cba61","88_3_CAR_485c8771ab538dca042a5426ca3bd10476993b02","CAR_485c8771ab538dca042a5426ca3bd10476993b02",null,"How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","CAR_f5c6a44da73170943b37bb6e5be690891fca40e1","88_3_CAR_f5c6a44da73170943b37bb6e5be690891fca40e1","The Ottoman Empire developed over the centuries a complex organisation of government with the Sultan as the supreme ruler of a centralized government that had an effective control of its provinces, officials and inhabitants. Wealth and rank could be inherited but were just as often earned.",3,null,4,1,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},4]
["How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","88_3","How did the governing system of the Ottoman Empire develop ?","State organisation of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire developed over the centuries a complex organization of government with the Sultan as the supreme ruler of a centralized government that had an effective control of its provinces, officials and inhabitants. Wealth and rank could be inherited but were just as often earned. Positions were perceived as titles such as viziers and aghas. Military service was a key to advancement in the hierarchy. The expansion of the Empire called for a systematic administrative organization that de",3,null,"How did the Ottoman Empire go about its affairs ?","The Ottoman Empire was a crucial part of the European states system and actively played a role in their affairs, due in part to their coterminous periods of development.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How did the labor system in the Ottoman Empire work and rule ?","State organisation of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire developed over the centuries a complex organization of government with the Sultan as the supreme ruler of a centralized government that had an effective control of its provinces, officials and inhabitants. Wealth and rank could be inherited but were just as often earned. Positions were perceived as titles such as viziers and aghas. Military service was a key to advancement in the hierarchy. The expansion of the Empire called for a systematic administrative organization that de",3,"","How did the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire govern ?","The establishing structure (Ruling institution of the Ottoman Empire) of the Ottoman Empire (13th century) was an Islamic state in which the head of the Ottoman state was the Sultan.  The social system was organized around millet. Millet structure allowed a great degree of religious, cultural and ethnic continuity to non-Muslim populations across the subdivisions of the Ottoman Empire and at the same time it permitted their incorporation into the Ottoman administrative, economic and political system. The Ottoman-appointed governor collected taxes and provided security, while the local religious or cultural matters were left to the regional communities to decide. On the other hand, the sultans were Muslims and the laws that bound them were based on the Sharia, the body of Islamic law, as well as various cultural customs. The Sultan, beginning in 1516, was also a Caliph, the leader of all the Sunni Muslims in the world. By the turn of the 19th century the Ottoman ruling elite recognized the need to restructure the legislative, military and judiciary systems to cope with their new political rivals in Europe. When the millet system started to lose its efficiency due to the rise of nationalism within its borders, the Ottoman Empire explored new ways of governing its territory composed of diverse populations.",3,null,60,true,"88_3_MARCO_2050021","MARCO_2050021","88_3_CAR_8a04440e7ab14ec9574d0fca358948e2a95b2501","CAR_8a04440e7ab14ec9574d0fca358948e2a95b2501","88_3_MARCO_2050021","MARCO_2050021",null,"How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","CAR_6d42e55017b010b12be62752e0d79abb17ccec73","88_3_CAR_6d42e55017b010b12be62752e0d79abb17ccec73","State organisation of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire developed over the centuries a complex organization of government with the Sultan as the supreme ruler of a centralized government that had an effective control of its provinces, officials and inhabitants. Wealth and rank could be inherited but were just as often earned. Positions were perceived as titles such as viziers and aghas. Military service was a key to advancement in the hierarchy. The expansion of the Empire called for a systematic administrative organization that de",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","88_4","Was slavery important in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery was an important part of Ottoman society. The Byzantine-Ottoman wars and the Ottoman wars in Europe brought large numbers of Christian slaves into the Ottoman Empire. In the middle of the 14th century, Murad I built his own personal slave army called the Kapıkulu. The new force was based on the sultan's right to a fifth of the war booty, which he interpreted to include captives taken in battle. The captive slaves were converted to Islam and trained in the sultan's personal service.",0,null,"What is the significance of slavery in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery in the Ottoman Empire was a legal and significant part of the Ottoman Empire's economy and society. The main sources of slaves were war captives and organized enslavement expeditions in Africa and Circassia in the Caucasus. It has been reported that the selling price of slaves fell after large military operations.  Enslavement of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, while slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609.",0,"","What were the factors that made the labor system in the Ottoman Empire important ?","Slavery was an important part of Ottoman society. The Byzantine-Ottoman wars and the Ottoman wars in Europe brought large numbers of Christian slaves into the Ottoman Empire. In the middle of the 14th century, Murad I built his own personal slave army called the Kapıkulu. The new force was based on the sultan's right to a fifth of the war booty, which he interpreted to include captives taken in battle. The captive slaves were converted to Islam and trained in the sultan's personal service.",0,"","Why was slavery important in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery was an important part of Ottoman society. The Byzantine-Ottoman wars and the Ottoman wars in Europe brought large numbers of Christian slaves into the Ottoman Empire. In the middle of the 14th century, Murad I built his own personal slave army called the Kapıkulu. The new force was based on the sultan's right to a fifth of the war booty, which he interpreted to include captives taken in battle. The captive slaves were converted to Islam and trained in the sultan's personal service.",0,null,61,false,"88_4_CAR_b6b9fb917e61cd02450f4d940407d48d56ed5d35","CAR_b6b9fb917e61cd02450f4d940407d48d56ed5d35","88_4_CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","88_4_CAR_b6b9fb917e61cd02450f4d940407d48d56ed5d35","CAR_b6b9fb917e61cd02450f4d940407d48d56ed5d35",null,"Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","CAR_b6b9fb917e61cd02450f4d940407d48d56ed5d35","88_4_CAR_b6b9fb917e61cd02450f4d940407d48d56ed5d35","During the Ottoman Empire, it played an important role due to its strategic location on the crossroads between the Arabian Peninsula, Egypt and Greater Syria.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","88_4","Was slavery important in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery was a legal and important part of the economy of the Ottoman Empire and Ottoman society until the slavery of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, although slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609. Even after several measures to ban slavery in the late 19th century, the practice continued largely unfazed into the early 20th century. As late as 1908, female slaves were still sold in the Ottoman Empire. Sexual slavery was a central part of the Ottoman slave system throughout the history of the institution.",0,null,"What is the significance of slavery in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery was an important part of Ottoman society. The Byzantine-Ottoman wars and the Ottoman wars in Europe brought large numbers of Christian slaves into the Ottoman Empire. In the middle of the 14th century, Murad I built his own personal slave army called the Kapıkulu. The new force was based on the sultan's right to a fifth of the war booty, which he interpreted to include captives taken in battle. The captive slaves were converted to Islam and trained in the sultan's personal service.",0,"","What were the factors that made the labor system in the Ottoman Empire important ?","In Part 1 of The Decline of the Ottoman Empire we analyzed the political and economic aspects of this great empireâ€™s decline. In history, nothing happens for only one reason.The decline of the Ottomans was the result of a great many factors.Among the most important reasons are the social and religious changes in the Ottoman realm. This post will analyze the Islamic changes in the last decades of the Ottoman Empire in the 1800s and how they helped bring the downfall of the empire in 1922.n Part 1 of The Decline of the Ottoman Empire we analyzed the political and economic aspects of this great empireâ€™s decline. In history, nothing happens for only one reason.",0,"","Why was slavery important in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery was a legal and important part of the economy of the Ottoman Empire and Ottoman society until the slavery of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, although slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609. Even after several measures to ban slavery in the late 19th century, the practice continued largely unfazed into the early 20th century. As late as 1908, female slaves were still sold in the Ottoman Empire. Sexual slavery was a central part of the Ottoman slave system throughout the history of the institution.",0,null,61,false,"88_4_CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","88_4_CAR_b6b9fb917e61cd02450f4d940407d48d56ed5d35","CAR_b6b9fb917e61cd02450f4d940407d48d56ed5d35","88_4_MARCO_5045046","MARCO_5045046",null,"Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","88_4_CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","Of particular importance for Ottoman success was their ability to keep the empire intact from generation to generation. While other Turkic groups frequently divided their realms between the sons of a deceased ruler, the Ottomans consistently kept the empire united under a single heir.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","88_4","Was slavery important in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery in the Ottoman Empire was a legal and significant part of the Ottoman Empire's economy and society. The main sources of slaves were war captives and organized enslavement expeditions in Africa and Circassia in the Caucasus. It has been reported that the selling price of slaves fell after large military operations.  Enslavement of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, while slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609.",0,null,"What is the significance of slavery in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery was a legal and important part of the economy of the Ottoman Empire and Ottoman society until the slavery of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, although slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609. Even after several measures to ban slavery in the late 19th century, the practice continued largely unfazed into the early 20th century. As late as 1908, female slaves were still sold in the Ottoman Empire. Sexual slavery was a central part of the Ottoman slave system throughout the history of the institution.",0,"","What were the factors that made the labor system in the Ottoman Empire important ?","The Ottoman Turks would be the dominant empire in the Middle East until 1923 when the dynasty could not recover from the defeat of World War I. There were a number of factors that contributed to the success of the Ottoman Empire. The rise of the Ottoman Empire coincided with the fall of another powerful player in the region. The Byzantine Empire was in serious decline due to weak leadership and the lasting effects of the Crusaders from Western Europe.",2,"","Why was slavery important in the Ottoman Empire ?","Slavery in the Ottoman Empire was a legal and significant part of the Ottoman Empire's economy and society. The main sources of slaves were war captives and organized enslavement expeditions in Africa and Circassia in the Caucasus. It has been reported that the selling price of slaves fell after large military operations.  Enslavement of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, while slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609.",0,null,61,false,"88_4_CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","88_4_CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","88_4_MARCO_8195567","MARCO_8195567",null,"Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","88_4_CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","The Ottoman Empire was one of the greatest empires in world history, both in size and duration. The Ottoman Empire grew up in Anatolia (in modern Turkey) during the 13th and 14th centuries, and spread throughout south-western Europe, much of the Middle East and North Africa during the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries.Its extent, duration and impact made it one of the greatest empires in world history.he Ottoman Empire was one of the greatest empires in world history, both in size and duration. The Ottoman Empire grew up in Anatolia (in modern Turkey) during the 13th and 14th centuries, and spread throughout south-western Europe, much of the Middle East and North Africa during the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","88_5","How were society and culture in the Ottoman Empire ?","Ottoman culture evolved over several centuries as the ruling administration of the Turks absorbed, adapted and modified the cultures of conquered lands and their peoples. There was a strong influence from the customs and languages of Islamic societies, Turkish \"the official language for the Empire, notably Arabic because of the origins of Islam, while Persian culture had a significant contribution through the heavily Persianized Seljuq Turks, the Ottomans' predecessors. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire.\" Throughout its history, the Ottoman Empire had substantial subject populations of Byzantine Greeks, Armenians, Jews and Assyrians, who were allowed a certain amount of autonomy under the confessional millet system of Ottoman government, and whose distinctive cultures enriched that of the Ottoman state.",3,null,"Can you describe the civilization of the Ottoman Empire ?","Iorga's writings insisted on the importance of Byzantine Greek and Levantine influences in the two countries after the fall of Constantinople: his notion of \"Byzantium after Byzantium\" postulated that the cultural forms produced by the Byzantine Empire had been preserved by the Principalities under Ottoman suzerainty (roughly, between the 16th and 18th centuries). Additionally, the Romanian scholar described the Ottoman Empire itself as the inheritor of Byzantine government, legal culture and civilization, up to the Age of Revolution. However, the Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches postulated that the Ottoman decline was irreversible, citing uncompromising Islam as one of the causes, and playing down the cohesive action of Ottomanism.",0,"","What was society like in the Ottoman Empire ?","Focusing on the Ottoman Empire, Mardin develops many hypotheses about the societal structure of Ottomans. For instance, he argues that in the Ottoman Empire, there was no 'civil society' in the Hegelian terms that could operate independently of central government and was based on property rights. Therefore, the lack of civil society led to a difference in the social evolution and political culture in Ottoman society in contrast to Western societies. Mardin applies the terms center and periphery to the Ottoman society, and reaches the conclusion that the society consisted of city dwellers, including the Sultan and his officials and nomads. The center included city dwellers, and the periphery nomads. The integration of center and periphery was not achieved. These two societal characteristics, namely the existence of center and periphery, and the lack of successful integration of them, also existed in the modern Turkish society and remained to be the major duality in Turkey. Mardin also emphasized the importance of Jon Turks' thought, addressing the attention of the English-speaking world. He analysed the thought of Said Nursi, who was part of this movement in the early years of his life.",1,"","What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire ?","Ottoman culture evolved over several centuries as the ruling administration of the Turks absorbed, adapted and modified the cultures of conquered lands and their peoples. There was a strong influence from the customs and languages of Islamic societies, Turkish \"the official language for the Empire, notably Arabic because of the origins of Islam, while Persian culture had a significant contribution through the heavily Persianized Seljuq Turks, the Ottomans' predecessors. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire.\" Throughout its history, the Ottoman Empire had substantial subject populations of Byzantine Greeks, Armenians, Jews and Assyrians, who were allowed a certain amount of autonomy under the confessional millet system of Ottoman government, and whose distinctive cultures enriched that of the Ottoman state.",3,null,62,true,"88_5_CAR_c3e750ac79654de5a4a3aee67e05a031da8f103f","CAR_c3e750ac79654de5a4a3aee67e05a031da8f103f","88_5_CAR_85de6d6e4c371bcb24352889592131baf298811c","CAR_85de6d6e4c371bcb24352889592131baf298811c","88_5_CAR_4c34356209530c13cc1da01f7173aff52cdf46ed","CAR_4c34356209530c13cc1da01f7173aff52cdf46ed",null,"What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_c3e750ac79654de5a4a3aee67e05a031da8f103f","88_5_CAR_c3e750ac79654de5a4a3aee67e05a031da8f103f","Ottoman culture evolved over several centuries as the ruling administration of the Turks absorbed, adapted and modified the cultures of conquered lands and their peoples. There was a strong influence from the customs and languages of Islamic societies, Turkish \"the official language for the Empire, notably Arabic because of the origins of Islam, while Persian culture had a significant contribution through the heavily Persianized Seljuq Turks, the Ottomans' predecessors. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire.\" Throughout its history, the Ottoman Empire had substantial subject populations of Byzantine Greeks, Armenians, Jews and Assyrians, who were allowed a certain amount of autonomy under the confessional millet system of Ottoman government, and whose distinctive cultures enriched that of the Ottoman state.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","88_5","How were society and culture in the Ottoman Empire ?","The Ottoman Empire was an Islamic state in which the head of the state, the Sultan, also held the position of Caliph. The social system was organized around the millet structure. The millet structure allowed a great degree of religious, cultural and ethnic continuity across the society but at the same time permitted the religious ideology to be incorporated into the administrative, economic and political system. One can define this way of life  as Islamism (Political Islam): \"the belief that Islam should guide social and political as well as personal life\".",3,null,"Can you describe the civilization of the Ottoman Empire ?","From the time of the Persian Empire and Alexander the Great, to the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in the 20th century A.D., the Intermediate Region has been covered by an ecumenical empire that had common civilizational characteristics, despite the fact that it passed into the hands successively from the Persians, to the Greeks, to the Romans, the Byzantines and, finally, the Ottomans. This common civilization of the Intermediate Region, called since the time of Jesus, Roman, bore the characteristics, since the 11th century A.D. and for the last thousand years, of Greek and Turkish cultures. The Ecumenicity of the Empire was hellenoturkism.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What was society like in the Ottoman Empire ?","There is considerable controversy regarding social status in the Ottoman Empire. Social scientists have developed class models on the socio-economic stratification of Ottoman society which feature more or less congruent theories. We see the Ottoman Empire being described as a bureaucratic state, holding different regions within a single administrative and fiscal system.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire ?","The Ottomans absorbed some of the traditions, art and institutions of cultures in the regions they conquered, and added new dimensions to them. Numerous traditions and cultural traits of previous empires (in fields such as architecture, cuisine, music, leisure and government) were adopted by the Ottoman Turks, who elaborated them into new forms, which resulted in a new and distinctively Ottoman cultural identity. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire. Intercultural marriages also played their part in creating the characteristic Ottoman elite culture. When compared to the Turkish folk culture, the influence of these new cultures in creating the culture of the Ottoman elite was clear.",3,null,62,true,"88_5_CAR_2a10da37f91b2756936effb874565665d3e604ba","CAR_2a10da37f91b2756936effb874565665d3e604ba","88_5_CAR_994a9b05b7c279769954b0465d3340fcdd413f04","CAR_994a9b05b7c279769954b0465d3340fcdd413f04","88_5_CAR_2287fbd5dd183dc173970112d797577fd15b6031","CAR_2287fbd5dd183dc173970112d797577fd15b6031",null,"What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_3055ee52d4294bd94d0ba809a4ea3b7d7c414f97","88_5_CAR_3055ee52d4294bd94d0ba809a4ea3b7d7c414f97","The Ottomans absorbed some of the traditions, art and institutions of cultures in the regions they conquered, and added new dimensions to them. Numerous traditions and cultural traits of previous empires (in fields such as architecture, cuisine, music, leisure and government) were adopted by the Ottoman Turks, who elaborated them into new forms, which resulted in a new and distinctively Ottoman cultural identity. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire. Intercultural marriages also played their part in creating the characteristic Ottoman elite culture. When compared to the Turkish folk culture, the influence of these new cultures in creating the culture of the Ottoman elite was clear.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","88_5","How were society and culture in the Ottoman Empire ?","Focusing on the Ottoman Empire, Mardin develops many hypotheses about the societal structure of Ottomans. For instance, he argues that in the Ottoman Empire, there was no 'civil society' in the Hegelian terms that could operate independently of central government and was based on property rights. Therefore, the lack of civil society led to a difference in the social evolution and political culture in Ottoman society in contrast to Western societies. Mardin applies the terms center and periphery to the Ottoman society, and reaches the conclusion that the society consisted of city dwellers, including the Sultan and his officials and nomads. The center included city dwellers, and the periphery nomads. The integration of center and periphery was not achieved. These two societal characteristics, namely the existence of center and periphery, and the lack of successful integration of them, also existed in the modern Turkish society and remained to be the major duality in Turkey. Mardin also emphasized the importance of Jon Turks' thought, addressing the attention of the English-speaking world. He analysed the thought of Said Nursi, who was part of this movement in the early years of his life.",1,null,"Can you describe the civilization of the Ottoman Empire ?","Ottoman culture evolved over several centuries as the ruling administration of the Turks absorbed, adapted and modified the cultures of conquered lands and their peoples. There was a strong influence from the customs and languages of Islamic societies, Turkish \"the official language for the Empire, notably Arabic because of the origins of Islam, while Persian culture had a significant contribution through the heavily Persianized Seljuq Turks, the Ottomans' predecessors. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire.\" Throughout its history, the Ottoman Empire had substantial subject populations of Byzantine Greeks, Armenians, Jews and Assyrians, who were allowed a certain amount of autonomy under the confessional millet system of Ottoman government, and whose distinctive cultures enriched that of the Ottoman state.",3,"","What was society like in the Ottoman Empire ?","Ottoman culture evolved over several centuries as the ruling administration of the Turks absorbed, adapted and modified the cultures of conquered lands and their peoples. There was a strong influence from the customs and languages of Islamic societies, Turkish \"the official language for the Empire, notably Arabic because of the origins of Islam, while Persian culture had a significant contribution through the heavily Persianized Seljuq Turks, the Ottomans' predecessors. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire.\" Throughout its history, the Ottoman Empire had substantial subject populations of Byzantine Greeks, Armenians, Jews and Assyrians, who were allowed a certain amount of autonomy under the confessional millet system of Ottoman government, and whose distinctive cultures enriched that of the Ottoman state.",3,"","What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire ?","Ottoman court or the culture that evolved around the court of the Ottoman Empire was known as the \"Ottoman Way\". To get a high position in the empire, one must be skilled in the Way. It included both knowing Persian, Arabic and Ottoman Turkish and how to behave in court, in front of the sultan, and in formal and religious occasions.",2,null,62,true,"88_5_CAR_4c34356209530c13cc1da01f7173aff52cdf46ed","CAR_4c34356209530c13cc1da01f7173aff52cdf46ed","88_5_CAR_c3e750ac79654de5a4a3aee67e05a031da8f103f","CAR_c3e750ac79654de5a4a3aee67e05a031da8f103f","88_5_CAR_c3e750ac79654de5a4a3aee67e05a031da8f103f","CAR_c3e750ac79654de5a4a3aee67e05a031da8f103f",null,"What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_c156f6382d2492652218f717915fd718737b0615","88_5_CAR_c156f6382d2492652218f717915fd718737b0615","Ottoman court or the culture that evolved around the court of the Ottoman Empire was known as the \"Ottoman Way\". To get a high position in the empire, one must be skilled in the Way. It included both knowing Persian, Arabic and Ottoman Turkish and how to behave in court, in front of the sultan, and in formal and religious occasions.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","88_6","Was the tradition of storytelling significant in the Ottoman Empire ?","Nevertheless, there was a long tradition of prose in the Ottoman Empire. This tradition was, for centuries, exclusively nonfictional in nature—the fiction tradition was limited to narrative poetry. A number of such nonfictional prose genres developed:",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What part did storytellers play in cultural history ?","Storytelling is a discipline that has a history as long as the human race. Storytellers inhabit the characters of the tale, while still maintaining the status as narrator of the events, they are both first person and third person perspectives in one.  Storytelling can help bring historical and cultural context to works of art, dinosaur bones, scientific and historical objects. For this reason some museums will hire a contract storyteller to add depth and experience to exhibitions or programs by spinning children's tales, appearing as a costume character to aid in an immersive environment and to aid in depicting different cultures by sharing traditions, histories, folklore and myths.",0,"","Were storytellers a major part of the culture in the Ottoman Empire ?","The book relates a succession of interweaving stories by a variety of storytellers, travellers and adventurers and of course touches on the histories and cultures of the various settings including the Mughal and Ottoman Empires, the earlier Mongols, and Renaissance Florence. There is a strong theme of sex and eroticism, much of it surrounding the Enchantress of the book's title, who was inspired by the Renaissance poem Orlando Furioso. There is also a recurring discussion of humanism and debate as opposed to authoritarianism, and Machiavelli is a character in the book. Like Rushdie's previous works, the book can be considered a work of magic realism.",0,"","What was the role of storytellers in the Ottoman Empire ?","Tešan Podrugović () (Kazanci, Gacko, Herzegovina, Ottoman Empire 1775 — Sremski Karlovci, Austrian Empire 1815) was Serbian hayduk, storyteller and gusle player () who participated in the First Serbian Uprising and Second Serbian Uprising. He was one of the most important sources for Serbian epic poetry recorded by Vuk Karadžić. Podrugović did not sing but used to 'speak' his poems; he understood and felt the poems and thought about what he said.",1,null,63,false,"88_6_CAR_7c2b4ce7a897c9ba94c07f9f63e795bea5f7a6d7","CAR_7c2b4ce7a897c9ba94c07f9f63e795bea5f7a6d7","88_6_CAR_88f47cca6973296f29fde46c7ce9ac5a7f8e874a","CAR_88f47cca6973296f29fde46c7ce9ac5a7f8e874a","88_6_CAR_2a9d1c1bdfc63b466e1b55fe5a503b6d094b9f55","CAR_2a9d1c1bdfc63b466e1b55fe5a503b6d094b9f55",null,"What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_1ceac7629fd3c442d77ca367a1a74655e87df1b3","88_6_CAR_1ceac7629fd3c442d77ca367a1a74655e87df1b3","In Greek-inhabited territory itself, Greeks came to play a leading role in the Ottoman Empire, due in part to the fact that the central hub of the empire, politically, culturally, and socially, was based on Western Thrace and Greek Macedonia, both in Northern Greece, and of course was centred on the mainly Greek-populated, former Byzantine capital, Constantinople.",1,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","88_6","Was the tradition of storytelling significant in the Ottoman Empire ?","When the Ottoman Empire arose in northwestern Anatolia, it continued this tradition. The most common poetic forms of the Ottoman court, for instance, were derived either directly from the Persian literary tradition (the gazel; the mesnevî), or indirectly through Persian from the Arabic (the kasîde). However, the decision to adopt these poetic forms wholesale led to two important further consequences:",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What part did storytellers play in cultural history ?","Early storytelling combined stories, poetry, music, and dance. Those who excelled at storytelling became entertainers, educators, cultural advisors, and historians for the community. Through storytellers, the history of a culture was handed down from generation to generation.",0,"","Were storytellers a major part of the culture in the Ottoman Empire ?","Tešan Podrugović () (Kazanci, Gacko, Herzegovina, Ottoman Empire 1775 — Sremski Karlovci, Austrian Empire 1815) was Serbian hayduk, storyteller and gusle player () who participated in the First Serbian Uprising and Second Serbian Uprising. He was one of the most important sources for Serbian epic poetry recorded by Vuk Karadžić. Podrugović did not sing but used to 'speak' his poems; he understood and felt the poems and thought about what he said.",1,"","What was the role of storytellers in the Ottoman Empire ?","Gilbert Sinoué quickly established himself as an engaging storyteller and master of a variety of genres.  His biography, The last phar'aoh, depicts the battle of Mehmet Ali, the pacha, with the Ottoman empire.  In the thriller Le Livre de Saphir (The Sapphire Book), the narrator converses with God.",0,null,63,false,"88_6_CAR_067113fb55a037491d1b0300657362e6ea498608","CAR_067113fb55a037491d1b0300657362e6ea498608","88_6_CAR_b85f1430e83d2f7d9d6fb3284a1480e04a5e6348","CAR_b85f1430e83d2f7d9d6fb3284a1480e04a5e6348","88_6_CAR_1ceac7629fd3c442d77ca367a1a74655e87df1b3","CAR_1ceac7629fd3c442d77ca367a1a74655e87df1b3",null,"What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_215d619164cbd82eeb99e9f4753e36ffc71ea4b6","88_6_CAR_215d619164cbd82eeb99e9f4753e36ffc71ea4b6","Storytelling can take a central role in any culture built on moral example, particularly when the provider of the moral example does not refer to an explicit ethical theory or philosophy as the basis for his behavior. A complex culture built on such stories can fall prey to a clique of experts who interpret them for the lay public.  This has led in the past to institutions that sort through anecdotes to decide which of them are true, e.g. isnad in Islam by which the hadith are validated.",0,0,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","88_6","Was the tradition of storytelling significant in the Ottoman Empire ?","Beginning with the victory of the Seljuks at the Battle of Manzikert in the late 11th century, the Oghuz Turks began to settle in Anatolia, and in addition to the earlier oral traditions there arose a written literary tradition issuing largely—in terms of themes, genres, and styles—from Arabic and Persian literature. For the next 900 years, until shortly before the fall of the Ottoman Empire in 1922, the oral and written traditions would remain largely separate from one another. With the founding of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, the two traditions came together for the first time.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What part did storytellers play in cultural history ?","Storytelling is a way for Indigenous American children to learn about their identity, community, and cultural history. Indigenous myths and folklore often personify animals and objects, reaffirming the belief that everything possess a soul and must be respected. These stories help preserve language and are used to reflect certain values or cultural histories.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Were storytellers a major part of the culture in the Ottoman Empire ?","Early storytelling combined stories, poetry, music, and dance. Those who excelled at storytelling became entertainers, educators, cultural advisors, and historians for the community. Through storytellers, the history of a culture was handed down from generation to generation.",0,"","What was the role of storytellers in the Ottoman Empire ?","In Greek-inhabited territory itself, Greeks came to play a leading role in the Ottoman Empire, due in part to the fact that the central hub of the empire, politically, culturally, and socially, was based on Western Thrace and Greek Macedonia, both in Northern Greece, and of course was centred on the mainly Greek-populated, former Byzantine capital, Constantinople.",0,null,63,false,"88_6_CAR_d019765a1ce2f7b5203c2975c1fa4f8c3062755c","CAR_d019765a1ce2f7b5203c2975c1fa4f8c3062755c","88_6_CAR_c336c8b16e8d307c9c8746f95322bcb45d113e00","CAR_c336c8b16e8d307c9c8746f95322bcb45d113e00","88_6_CAR_b85f1430e83d2f7d9d6fb3284a1480e04a5e6348","CAR_b85f1430e83d2f7d9d6fb3284a1480e04a5e6348",null,"What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","MARCO_1216289","88_6_MARCO_1216289","Following the Fall of Constantinople on 29 May 1453, many Greeks sought better employment and education opportunities by leaving for the West, particularly Italy, Central Europe, Germany and Russia. Greeks are greatly credited for the European cultural revolution, later called, the Renaissance. In Greek-inhabited territory itself, Greeks came to play a leading role in the Ottoman Empire, due in part to the fact that the central hub of the empire, politically, culturally, and socially, was based on Western Thrace and Greek Macedonia, both in Northern Greece, and of course was centred on the mainly Greek-populated, former Byzantine capital, Constantinople. As a direct consequence of this situation, Greek-speakers came to play a hugely important role in the Ottoman trading and diplomatic establishment, as well as in the church. Added to this, in the first half of the Ottoman period men of Greek origin made up a significant proportion of the Ottoman army, navy, and state bureaucracy, having been levied as adolescents (along with especially Albanians and Serbs) into Ottoman service through the devshirme. Many Ottomans of Greek (or Albanian or Serb) origin were therefore to be found within the Ottoman forces which governed the provinces, from Ottoman Egypt, to Ottomans occupied Yemen and Algeria, frequently as provincial governors.",0,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","88_7","What were the most famous stories from the Ottoman Empire ?","Also very notably, the first novel to be written in the Ottoman Empire was 1851's Akabi Hikayesi, written by Armenian statesman, journalist and novelist Vartan Pasha (Hovsep Vartanian) in Ottoman Turkish, was published with Armenian script. Akabi Hikayesi depicted an impossible love story between two young people coming from two different communities amidst hostility and adversity.",0,null,"What were some of the most prominent stories told by the storytellers in the Ottoman Empire ?","Gilbert Sinoué quickly established himself as an engaging storyteller and master of a variety of genres.  His biography, The last phar'aoh, depicts the battle of Mehmet Ali, the pacha, with the Ottoman empire.  In the thriller Le Livre de Saphir (The Sapphire Book), the narrator converses with God.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What were some of the best - known stories from the Ottoman Empire ?","One of his best known novels is Roksolana (1980), about the life of Anastasia Lisovska, a Ruthenian girl from Galicia who became a wife of Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent and played a prominent role in the sixteenth century Ottoman Empire.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What were popular stories in the Ottoman Empire ?","One of the popular, and also controversial story about Mihrimah was about her rivalry with her half-brother Mustafa, although less popular than her mother and her husband’s story. Mihrimah, along with her mother Hürrem who was the Ottoman Haseki Sultan and her husband Rüstem who was the Ottoman Grand Vizier, made a strong alliance and became dominated power in divan and inner circle of palace. Unfortunately for Mustafa, this condition became great obstacle for him to access to the throne, although he was supported by Janissaries.",0,null,64,true,"88_7_CAR_252e080c8a7a76699a2822e90edbbef01eef0a24","CAR_252e080c8a7a76699a2822e90edbbef01eef0a24","88_7_CAR_215d619164cbd82eeb99e9f4753e36ffc71ea4b6","CAR_215d619164cbd82eeb99e9f4753e36ffc71ea4b6","88_7_CAR_62422568ba957d1b0ae6058064077aadf331263c","CAR_62422568ba957d1b0ae6058064077aadf331263c",null,"What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_f47d5a12043eef835505e08f55b1a3d8916de58f","88_7_CAR_f47d5a12043eef835505e08f55b1a3d8916de58f","The tradition of kıssahan continued into the Ottoman period, as evidenced by the documentation of a kıssahan working in the royal palace named Mustafa during the reign of Mehmed II. In time, all story-tellers became known as meddah and their stories became more and more secular. They began to imitate animals and make innuendos to attract the attention of the audiences. According to a scholar, this occurred \"when the Mohammeddan clergy forbade any reference to the saints in the plays\". As such, the performances by the meddah became theatrical acts based on satire: their themes included heroic tales as well as occurrences of daily life; humorous anecdotes, mimicry of stereotypes and familiar people, \"mockery of social mores\" and criticism of officials, at times even the sultan, became the quintessence of their plays.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","88_7","What were the most famous stories from the Ottoman Empire ?","These early victories and exploits are favorite subjects of Ottoman writers, especially in love stories of his wooing and winning the fair Mal Hatun. These legends have been romanticized by the poetical pens which recorded them in later years. The Ottoman writers attached great importance to this legendary, dreamlike conception of the founder of their empire.",1,null,"What were some of the most prominent stories told by the storytellers in the Ottoman Empire ?","According to Halil Inalcik, in his works Aşıkpaşazade twisted his interpretation of the actual events to match his preconceptions. It was typical for him to simply merge two different stories to forge a new description of the battle. Some parts of \"Cosmorama\" or \"Cihan-Nümâ\", written by Neşri who was another prominent representative of early Ottoman Historiography, were based on the work of Aşıkpaşazade.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What were some of the best - known stories from the Ottoman Empire ?","The most powerful and well-known of all valide sultans in the history of the Ottoman Empire were Nurbanu Sultan, Safiye Sultan, Kösem Sultan and Turhan Hatice Sultan.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What were popular stories in the Ottoman Empire ?","These early victories and exploits are favorite subjects of Ottoman writers, especially in love stories of his wooing and winning the fair Mal Hatun. These legends have been romanticized by the poetical pens which recorded them in later years. The Ottoman writers attached great importance to this legendary, dreamlike conception of the founder of their empire.",1,null,64,true,"88_7_CAR_ec5e38208a3d81b9b5bfbad4edb9526167b670b4","CAR_ec5e38208a3d81b9b5bfbad4edb9526167b670b4","88_7_CAR_34ecd5d5ee472d9ff8031818bfbfa43fae8d844f","CAR_34ecd5d5ee472d9ff8031818bfbfa43fae8d844f","88_7_CAR_44e069b97fb995d1ae9e1715d3717a4f345b5c46","CAR_44e069b97fb995d1ae9e1715d3717a4f345b5c46",null,"What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_ec5e38208a3d81b9b5bfbad4edb9526167b670b4","88_7_CAR_ec5e38208a3d81b9b5bfbad4edb9526167b670b4","Meddah is the name given to a traditional Turkish story teller, who played in front of a small group of viewers, such as a coffeehouse audience. This form of performance was especially popular in the Ottoman Empire from the 16th century onwards. The play was generally about a single topic, the meddah playing different characters, and was usually introduced by drawing attention to the moral contained in the story. The meddah would use props such as an umbrella, a handkerchief, or different headwear, to signal a change of character, and was skilled at manipulating his voice and imitating different dialects. There was no time limitation on the shows; a good meddah had the skill to adjust the story depending on interaction with the audience.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","88_7","What were the most famous stories from the Ottoman Empire ?","There were a number of known cases of blood libel in the 19th century on the territory of the Ottoman Empire: Aleppo (1810), Beirut (1824), Antioch (1826), Hama (1829), Tripoli (1834), Jerusalem (1838), Rhodes and Damascus (1840), Marmora (1843), Smyrna (1864). The most famous of them were the Rhodes and Damascus affairs, both in 1840, both of which had major international repercussions.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What were some of the most prominent stories told by the storytellers in the Ottoman Empire ?","During the early centuries of Islam, the sīra literature was taken less seriously compared to the hadiths. In Umayyad times, storytellers (qaaṣṣ, or pl. qoṣṣaaṣ) used to tell stories of Muhammad and earlier prophets in private gatherings and mosques, given they obtain permission from the authorities. Many of these storytellers are now unknown. After the Umayyad period, their reputation deteriorated because of their inclination to exaggerate and fantasize, and for relying on the Isra'iliyat. Thus they were banned from preaching at mosques. In later periods, however, works of sīra became more prominent. More recently, western historical criticism and debate concerning sīra have elicited a defensive attitude from some Muslims who wrote apologetic literature defending its content.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What were some of the best - known stories from the Ottoman Empire ?","The most powerful and well-known of all valide sultans and haseki sultans in the history of the Ottoman Empire were Huerrem HÃ¼rrem, Sultan Mihrimah, Sultan Nurbanu sultan And Koesem (kÃ¶semâ€“sultan). 1589 1651",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What were popular stories in the Ottoman Empire ?","Meddah is the name given to a traditional Turkish story teller, who played in front of a small group of viewers, such as a coffeehouse audience. This form of performance was especially popular in the Ottoman Empire from the 16th century onwards. The play was generally about a single topic, the meddah playing different characters, and was usually introduced by drawing attention to the moral contained in the story. The meddah would use props such as an umbrella, a handkerchief, or different headwear, to signal a change of character, and was skilled at manipulating his voice and imitating different dialects. There was no time limitation on the shows; a good meddah had the skill to adjust the story depending on interaction with the audience.",1,null,64,true,"88_7_CAR_693b5b82bad95a63522f2134e7c7681de2ec47ba","CAR_693b5b82bad95a63522f2134e7c7681de2ec47ba","88_7_CAR_f1e21934306448bbfca6fafa1d14646a81313743","CAR_f1e21934306448bbfca6fafa1d14646a81313743","88_7_MARCO_5107048","MARCO_5107048",null,"What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_4f48e3253dde08e82041199358a6b9cd2da099ea","88_7_CAR_4f48e3253dde08e82041199358a6b9cd2da099ea","Meddahs were generally traveling artists whose route took them from one large city to another, such along the towns of the spice road; the tradition supposedly goes back to Homer's time. The methods of meddahs were the same as the methods of the itinerant storytellers who related Greek epics such as the Iliad and Odyssey, even though the main stories were now Ferhat ile Şirin or Layla and Majnun. The repertoires of the meddahs also included true stories, modified depending on the audience, artist and political situation.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","88_8","How significant was the millet in the Ottoman Empire ?","In the Ottoman Empire, a millet was a separate legal court pertaining to \"personal law\" under which a confessional community (a group abiding by the laws of Muslim Sharia, Christian Canon law, or Jewish Halakha) was allowed to rule itself under its own laws. Despite frequently being referred to as a \"system\", before the nineteenth century the organization of what are now retrospectively called millets in the Ottoman Empire was far from systematic. Rather, non-Muslims were simply given a significant degree of autonomy within their own community, without an overarching structure for the 'millet' as a whole. The notion of distinct millets corresponding to different religious communities within the empire would not emerge until the eighteenth century. Subsequently, the existence of the millet system was justified through numerous foundation myths linking it back to the time of Sultan Mehmed II (r. 1451-81), although it is now understood that no such system existed in the fifteenth century. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. The word millet comes from the Arabic word millah (ملة) and literally means \"nation\". The millet system has been called an example of pre-modern religious pluralism.",1,null,"What was the significance of the millet in the history of the Ottoman Empire ?","In the Ottoman Empire, a millet was a separate legal court pertaining to \"personal law\" under which a confessional community (a group abiding by the laws of Muslim Sharia, Christian Canon law, or Jewish Halakha) was allowed to rule itself under its own laws. Despite frequently being referred to as a \"system\", before the nineteenth century the organization of what are now retrospectively called millets in the Ottoman Empire was far from systematic. Rather, non-Muslims were simply given a significant degree of autonomy within their own community, without an overarching structure for the 'millet' as a whole. The notion of distinct millets corresponding to different religious communities within the empire would not emerge until the eighteenth century. Subsequently, the existence of the millet system was justified through numerous foundation myths linking it back to the time of Sultan Mehmed II (r. 1451-81), although it is now understood that no such system existed in the fifteenth century. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. The word millet comes from the Arabic word millah (ملة) and literally means \"nation\". The millet system has been called an example of pre-modern religious pluralism.",1,"","Was the millet important in the Ottoman Empire ?","The Ottoman Empire introduced the concept of Millet-major religious groups that ruled their communities under the patronage of Ottoman Empire. Millets retained their own religious laws, traditions, and language under the protection of the Sultan.",1,"","What was the importance of the millet in the Ottoman Empire ?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",1,null,65,false,"88_8_CAR_b2e323c40447e8c1adc25ef755f59c9f2aaa37b8","CAR_b2e323c40447e8c1adc25ef755f59c9f2aaa37b8","88_8_CAR_b2e323c40447e8c1adc25ef755f59c9f2aaa37b8","CAR_b2e323c40447e8c1adc25ef755f59c9f2aaa37b8","88_8_MARCO_3226309","MARCO_3226309",null,"What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","88_8_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","88_8","How significant was the millet in the Ottoman Empire ?","When Constantinople finally became part of the Ottoman Empire, financial support was given to the Apostolic Church by the Sultan, so it could build churches in the city, which prior to that the Byzantines refused as they viewed the church as heretical. Armenians in the Ottoman Empire were viewed as a Separate millet, and given the status of second-class citizens, but were generally treated well until well into the empires existence regardless. Many Armenians gained significant positions in the empire in professions such as banking, which they almost had a monopoly in, with 32/37 Bankers being  Armenian, and the oldest still running Turkish company Zildjian was founded by an Armenian.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What was the significance of the millet in the history of the Ottoman Empire ?","The millet system has a long history in the Middle East and is closely linked to Islamic rules on the treatment of non−Muslim minorities living under Islamic dominion (dhimmi). The Ottoman term specifically refers to the separate legal courts pertaining to personal law under which minorities were allowed to rule themselves (in cases not involving any Muslim) with fairly little interference from the Ottoman government. The concept was used even before the establishment of the Ottoman Empire for the communities of the Church of the East under the Zoroastrian Sassanid Persia in the 4th century.",1,"","Was the millet important in the Ottoman Empire ?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",1,"","What was the importance of the millet in the Ottoman Empire ?","The Armenian millet was a confessional community in the Ottoman Empire. Confessional communities on local issues were functioning like the autonomous territories. The Ottoman millet specifically referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to personal law under which sections of the society were allowed to rule themselves with fairly little interference from the central system. Each millet was under the supervision of an Ethnarch ('national' leader), most often a religious hierarch. Armenian millet was under the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. As the people of \"The Book\" Armenians were able to maintain their houses of worship, obtain religious literature, and employ clergy of their faith for their congregations. These were rights given in the local level. These rights become limited with the economic and technological developments of the 18th century. The Ottoman citizens wanted representation in national level. They wanted to have participation more than local level.",1,null,65,false,"88_8_CAR_99bd8f01637da0cbc64efddd265f53547a9f0810","CAR_99bd8f01637da0cbc64efddd265f53547a9f0810","88_8_CAR_25f892c3bd0f423adfbd0dadae17131af6d156a5","CAR_25f892c3bd0f423adfbd0dadae17131af6d156a5","88_8_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5",null,"What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","88_8_CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","The Armenian millet was a confessional community in the Ottoman Empire. Confessional communities on local issues were functioning like the autonomous territories. The Ottoman millet specifically referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to personal law under which sections of the society were allowed to rule themselves with fairly little interference from the central system. Each millet was under the supervision of an Ethnarch ('national' leader), most often a religious hierarch. Armenian millet was under the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. As the people of \"The Book\" Armenians were able to maintain their houses of worship, obtain religious literature, and employ clergy of their faith for their congregations. These were rights given in the local level. These rights become limited with the economic and technological developments of the 18th century. The Ottoman citizens wanted representation in national level. They wanted to have participation more than local level.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","88_8","How significant was the millet in the Ottoman Empire ?","The Armenian millet was a confessional community in the Ottoman Empire. Confessional communities on local issues were functioning like the autonomous territories. The Ottoman millet specifically referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to personal law under which sections of the society were allowed to rule themselves with fairly little interference from the central system. Each millet was under the supervision of an Ethnarch ('national' leader), most often a religious hierarch. Armenian millet was under the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. As the people of \"The Book\" Armenians were able to maintain their houses of worship, obtain religious literature, and employ clergy of their faith for their congregations. These were rights given in the local level. These rights become limited with the economic and technological developments of the 18th century. The Ottoman citizens wanted representation in national level. They wanted to have participation more than local level.",1,null,"What was the significance of the millet in the history of the Ottoman Empire ?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",1,"","Was the millet important in the Ottoman Empire ?","The Armenian millet was a confessional community in the Ottoman Empire. Confessional communities on local issues were functioning like the autonomous territories. The Ottoman millet specifically referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to personal law under which sections of the society were allowed to rule themselves with fairly little interference from the central system. Each millet was under the supervision of an Ethnarch ('national' leader), most often a religious hierarch. Armenian millet was under the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. As the people of \"The Book\" Armenians were able to maintain their houses of worship, obtain religious literature, and employ clergy of their faith for their congregations. These were rights given in the local level. These rights become limited with the economic and technological developments of the 18th century. The Ottoman citizens wanted representation in national level. They wanted to have participation more than local level.",1,"","What was the importance of the millet in the Ottoman Empire ?","After the fall of Constantinople in 1453, when the Sultan virtually replaced the Byzantine emperor among subjugated Christians, the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople was recognized by the Sultan as the religious and national leader (ethnarch) of Greeks and the other ethnicities that were included in the Greek Orthodox Millet. The Patriarchate earned a primary importance and occupied this key role among the Christians of the Ottoman Empire because the Ottomans did not legally distinguish between nationality and religion, and thus regarded all the Orthodox Christians of the Empire as a single entity.",1,null,65,false,"88_8_CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","88_8_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","88_8_CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447",null,"What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_74848fe73a36b7933428347d0b9bc6f7f2e6ebb0","88_8_CAR_74848fe73a36b7933428347d0b9bc6f7f2e6ebb0","The millet system established during the period of Ottoman rule was an administrative system that served as a means of effectively reinforcing the divide between Turkish and Greek Cypriots.  An administrative structure which distinguished the communities based on religion and ethnicity, each group was treated as a distinct entity. With the Orthodox Church playing a dominant position among the Greek Cypriots so as to help them preserve their ethnic, cultural, and political identity, religious activities and institutions factored into virtually every facet of the Cypriot community. Through the imposition of taxation and other various administrative tasks on a denominational basis, the millet system served as a central contributor in the creation of \"political cleavage over ethnic lines.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","88_9","Why did the British still use the millet ?","The Ottoman Empire's millet system was abolished during British administration. In this period, the people of Cyprus were split into two main groups in censuses and administrative records. Because of the polarization politics of the British administration, Linobambaki were integrated into the Turkish Cypriot community. There were still Greek speaking settlements that identified themselves as Turkish Cypriots during the 1950s; settlements such as Lapithos, Platanissos, Agios Symeon and Galinoporni.",2,null,"Why did the British continue the use of the millet in the Ottoman Empire ?","Britain continued the millet system of the Ottoman Empire whereby all matters of a religious nature and personal status were within the jurisdiction of Muslim courts and the courts of other recognised religions, called confessional communities. The High Commissioner established the Orthodox Rabbinate and retained a modified millet system which only recognised eleven religious communities: Muslims, Jews and nine Christian denominations (none of which were Christian Protestant churches). All those who were not members of these recognised communities were excluded from the millet arrangement. As a result, there was no possibility, for example, of marriages between confessional communities, and there were no civil marriages. Personal contacts between communities were nominal.",2,"","Why did British colonists pursue millet in the Ottoman Empire ?","The Ottoman Empire's millet system was abolished during British administration. In this period, the people of Cyprus were split into two main groups in censuses and administrative records. Because of the polarization politics of the British administration, Linobambaki were integrated into the Turkish Cypriot community. There were still Greek speaking settlements that identified themselves as Turkish Cypriots during the 1950s; settlements such as Lapithos, Platanissos, Agios Symeon and Galinoporni.",2,"","Why did the British continue the millet ?","Britain continued the millet system of the Ottoman Empire whereby all matters of a religious nature and personal status were within the jurisdiction of Muslim courts and the courts of other recognised religions, called confessional communities. The High Commissioner established the Orthodox Rabbinate and retained a modified millet system which only recognised eleven religious communities: Muslims, Jews and nine Christian denominations (none of which were Christian Protestant churches). All those who were not members of these recognised communities were excluded from the millet arrangement. As a result, there was no possibility, for example, of marriages between confessional communities, and there were no civil marriages. Personal contacts between communities were nominal.",2,null,66,true,"88_9_CAR_74781c68abcbec609ff338ee3405cba8e1eb5f5f","CAR_74781c68abcbec609ff338ee3405cba8e1eb5f5f","88_9_CAR_7e8449ccf62ef409613cc92aea86b99b6bb50730","CAR_7e8449ccf62ef409613cc92aea86b99b6bb50730","88_9_CAR_74781c68abcbec609ff338ee3405cba8e1eb5f5f","CAR_74781c68abcbec609ff338ee3405cba8e1eb5f5f",null,"Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_7e8449ccf62ef409613cc92aea86b99b6bb50730","88_9_CAR_7e8449ccf62ef409613cc92aea86b99b6bb50730","Britain continued the millet system of the Ottoman Empire whereby all matters of a religious nature and personal status were within the jurisdiction of Muslim courts and the courts of other recognised religions, called confessional communities. The High Commissioner established the Orthodox Rabbinate and retained a modified millet system which only recognised eleven religious communities: Muslims, Jews and nine Christian denominations (none of which were Christian Protestant churches). All those who were not members of these recognised communities were excluded from the millet arrangement. As a result, there was no possibility, for example, of marriages between confessional communities, and there were no civil marriages. Personal contacts between communities were nominal.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","88_9","Why did the British still use the millet ?","On the military side the British claimed that if the Allies could not control Anatolia at that time, they could at least control Constantinople. Plan was  step by step beginning from İstanbul dismantle every organization and slowly move deep into the Anatolia. That meant facing with what will be called as the Turkish War of Independence. British foreign department was asked to devise a plan to ease this path. British foreign department developed the same plan that they used during the Arab revolt. This policy of breaking down authority by separating the Sultan from his government, and working different millets against each other, such as the Christian millet against the Muslim millet, was the best solution if minimal British force was to be used.",0,null,"Why did the British continue the use of the millet in the Ottoman Empire ?","The Ottoman Empire's millet system was abolished during British administration. In this period, the people of Cyprus were split into two main groups in censuses and administrative records. Because of the polarization politics of the British administration, Linobambaki were integrated into the Turkish Cypriot community. There were still Greek speaking settlements that identified themselves as Turkish Cypriots during the 1950s; settlements such as Lapithos, Platanissos, Agios Symeon and Galinoporni.",2,"","Why did British colonists pursue millet in the Ottoman Empire ?","Britain continued the millet system of the Ottoman Empire whereby all matters of a religious nature and personal status were within the jurisdiction of Muslim courts and the courts of other recognised religions, called confessional communities. The High Commissioner established the Orthodox Rabbinate and retained a modified millet system which only recognised eleven religious communities: Muslims, Jews and nine Christian denominations (none of which were Christian Protestant churches). All those who were not members of these recognised communities were excluded from the millet arrangement. As a result, there was no possibility, for example, of marriages between confessional communities, and there were no civil marriages. Personal contacts between communities were nominal.",2,"","Why did the British continue the millet ?","The Ottoman Empire's millet system was abolished during British administration. In this period, the people of Cyprus were split into two main groups in censuses and administrative records. Because of the polarization politics of the British administration, Linobambaki were integrated into the Turkish Cypriot community. There were still Greek speaking settlements that identified themselves as Turkish Cypriots during the 1950s; settlements such as Lapithos, Platanissos, Agios Symeon and Galinoporni.",2,null,66,true,"88_9_CAR_cf376373458fabbe79b018fcc3be2b973e5eb9cd","CAR_cf376373458fabbe79b018fcc3be2b973e5eb9cd","88_9_CAR_74781c68abcbec609ff338ee3405cba8e1eb5f5f","CAR_74781c68abcbec609ff338ee3405cba8e1eb5f5f","88_9_CAR_7e8449ccf62ef409613cc92aea86b99b6bb50730","CAR_7e8449ccf62ef409613cc92aea86b99b6bb50730",null,"Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_74781c68abcbec609ff338ee3405cba8e1eb5f5f","88_9_CAR_74781c68abcbec609ff338ee3405cba8e1eb5f5f","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","88_9","Why did the British still use the millet ?","By the time the British took control of the island in 1878, the bi-communal character of Cyprus had become deeply engrained in the society. With the millet system not having been fully abolished upon establishment of British rule, a modern bureaucratic system was implemented, however control over religion, education, culture, personal status, and communal institutions.",1,null,"Why did the British continue the use of the millet in the Ottoman Empire ?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",0,"","Why did British colonists pursue millet in the Ottoman Empire ?","In the Ottoman Empire, a millet was a separate legal court pertaining to personal law under which a confessional community (a group abiding by the laws of Muslim Sharia, Christian Canon law, or Jewish Halakha) was allowed to rule itself under its own system.n the Ottoman Empire, Christian Millets were instituted by Sultan Mehmet II after he had conquered Constantinople in 1453 and set himself to reorganise the Ottoman State as the conscious heir of the East Roman Empire.",0,"","Why did the British continue the millet ?","During the Second World War, Yudkin served in the Royal Army Medical Corps and was posted to Sierra Leone. While there he studied a skin disease that was prevalent among local African soldiers and discovered that it was due not to an infection, as had been believed, but to riboflavin deficiency. He found that the Army had devised a uniform diet for its soldiers in the four British West African colonies (Gambia, Sierra Leone, Gold Coast and Nigeria). This diet was, on paper, adequate in all nutrients – including riboflavin, which was supplied predominantly from millet. But it turned out that millet, although a staple in the Gold Coast and Nigeria, was loathed by soldiers from Sierra Leone, who would not eat it even if they were hungry. This experience must have brought home to Yudkin the importance of custom and upbringing in determining man's choice of foods.",0,null,66,true,"88_9_CAR_4fac90e9ad41d9346245b7dbeea6fe3ee8c33c0f","CAR_4fac90e9ad41d9346245b7dbeea6fe3ee8c33c0f","88_9_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","88_9_MARCO_6856754","MARCO_6856754",null,"Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_244946ab7f2b6f185cbf7cffebf610f422484396","88_9_CAR_244946ab7f2b6f185cbf7cffebf610f422484396","The Ottoman Empire's millet system was abolished during British administration. In this period, the people of Cyprus were split into two main groups in censuses and administrative records. Because of the polarization politics of the British administration, Linobambaki were integrated into the Turkish Cypriot community. There were still Greek speaking settlements that identified themselves as Turkish Cypriots during the 1950s; settlements such as Lapithos, Platanissos, Agios Symeon and Galinoporni.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","88_10","How did the millet have an impact on the formation of national identity ?","National consciousness developed in Bosnia and Herzegovina among the three ethnic groups in the 19th century, with national identities having had a major impact from the Millet system in place in Ottoman society (where 'religion and nationality were closely intertwined and often synonyms'). During Ottoman rule, there was a clear distinction between Muslims and non-Muslims. There were different tax categories and clothes, but only in the late 18th- and early 19th century \"the differentiations develop into ethnic and national forms of identification\", according to Soeren Keil. The bordering countries of Serbia and Croatia consequently laid claim to Bosnia and Herzegovina; a combination of religion, ethnic identity and territorial claim was the basis for the three distinct nations.",3,null,"How important was the millet for the formation of national identities ?","After the final Ottoman conquest of the Balkans by the Ottomans in the 15th century, all Orthodox Christians were included in a specific ethno-religious community under Graeco-Byzantine jurisdiction called Rum Millet. The belonging to this religious commonwealth was so important that most of the common people began to identify themselves as Christians. However ethnonyms never disappeared and some form of primary ethnic identity was available. This is confirmed from a Sultan's Firman from 1680 which describes the ethnic groups in the Balkan territories of the Empire as follows: Greeks, Albanians, Serbs, Vlachs and Bulgarians.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What is the millet 's historical significance in the creation of national identities in the Ottoman Empire ?","Bulgarian Millet or Bulgar Millet was an ethno-religious and linguistic community within the Ottoman Empire from the mid-19th to early 20th century. Initially the Millet were recognized as the Bulgarian Uniates, and then the Bulgarian Orthodox Christians (Eksarhhâne-i Millet i Bulgar). At that time the classical Ottoman Millet-system began to degrade with the continuous identification of the religious creed with ethnic identity and the term millet was used as a synonym of nation. In this way, in the struggle for recognition of a separate Church, the modern Bulgarian nation was created. The establishment of the Bulgarian Exarchate in 1870, meant in practice recognition of a separate Bulgarian nationality, and in this case the religious affiliation became a consequence of national allegiance. The founding of an independent church, along with the revival of Bulgarian language and education, were the crucial factors that strengthened the national consciousness and revolutionary struggle, that led to the creation of an independent nation-state in 1878.",3,"","What is the millet 's historical importance in developing national identities ?","Millets have been important food staples in human history, particularly in Asia and Africa. They have been in cultivation in East Asia for the last 10,000 years.",0,null,67,false,"88_10_CAR_6d330bdc25870da79c85012a68823a6fbc7af2f9","CAR_6d330bdc25870da79c85012a68823a6fbc7af2f9","88_10_CAR_1812f678aaaba1bbec7f8fcbb6364bc7bff9f256","CAR_1812f678aaaba1bbec7f8fcbb6364bc7bff9f256","88_10_CAR_22a02abd346e13531fea8fce7043e127b87f1649","CAR_22a02abd346e13531fea8fce7043e127b87f1649",null,"What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","CAR_e8dce89b4a80c34cda5f4b41788cf4f7224c14d0","88_10_CAR_e8dce89b4a80c34cda5f4b41788cf4f7224c14d0","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","88_10","How did the millet have an impact on the formation of national identity ?","Bulgarian Millet or Bulgar Millet was an ethno-religious and linguistic community within the Ottoman Empire from the mid-19th to early 20th century. Initially the Millet were recognized as the Bulgarian Uniates, and then the Bulgarian Orthodox Christians (Eksarhhâne-i Millet i Bulgar). At that time the classical Ottoman Millet-system began to degrade with the continuous identification of the religious creed with ethnic identity and the term millet was used as a synonym of nation. In this way, in the struggle for recognition of a separate Church, the modern Bulgarian nation was created. The establishment of the Bulgarian Exarchate in 1870, meant in practice recognition of a separate Bulgarian nationality, and in this case the religious affiliation became a consequence of national allegiance. The founding of an independent church, along with the revival of Bulgarian language and education, were the crucial factors that strengthened the national consciousness and revolutionary struggle, that led to the creation of an independent nation-state in 1878.",3,null,"How important was the millet for the formation of national identities ?","Millets have been important food staples in human history, particularly in Asia and Africa. They have been in cultivation in East Asia for the last 10,000 years.",0,"","What is the millet 's historical significance in the creation of national identities in the Ottoman Empire ?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",2,"","What is the millet 's historical importance in developing national identities ?","Millets are indigenous to many parts of the world. The most widely grown millet is pearl millet, which is an important crop in India and parts of Africa. Finger millet, proso millet, and foxtail millet are also important crop species. Millets have been important food staples in human history, particularly in Asia and Africa.",0,null,67,false,"88_10_CAR_22a02abd346e13531fea8fce7043e127b87f1649","CAR_22a02abd346e13531fea8fce7043e127b87f1649","88_10_CAR_e8dce89b4a80c34cda5f4b41788cf4f7224c14d0","CAR_e8dce89b4a80c34cda5f4b41788cf4f7224c14d0","88_10_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5",null,"What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","MARCO_1317460","88_10_MARCO_1317460","The millet system established during the period of Ottoman rule was an administrative system that served as a means of effectively reinforcing the divide between Turkish and Greek Cypriots.  An administrative structure which distinguished the communities based on religion and ethnicity, each group was treated as a distinct entity. With the Orthodox Church playing a dominant position among the Greek Cypriots so as to help them preserve their ethnic, cultural, and political identity, religious activities and institutions factored into virtually every facet of the Cypriot community. Through the imposition of taxation and other various administrative tasks on a denominational basis, the millet system served as a central contributor in the creation of \"political cleavage over ethnic lines.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","88_10","How did the millet have an impact on the formation of national identity ?","The millet system established during the period of Ottoman rule was an administrative system that served as a means of effectively reinforcing the divide between Turkish and Greek Cypriots.  An administrative structure which distinguished the communities based on religion and ethnicity, each group was treated as a distinct entity. With the Orthodox Church playing a dominant position among the Greek Cypriots so as to help them preserve their ethnic, cultural, and political identity, religious activities and institutions factored into virtually every facet of the Cypriot community. Through the imposition of taxation and other various administrative tasks on a denominational basis, the millet system served as a central contributor in the creation of \"political cleavage over ethnic lines.",2,null,"How important was the millet for the formation of national identities ?","Bulgarian Millet or Bulgar Millet was an ethno-religious and linguistic community within the Ottoman Empire from the mid-19th to early 20th century. Initially the Millet were recognized as the Bulgarian Uniates, and then the Bulgarian Orthodox Christians (Eksarhhâne-i Millet i Bulgar). At that time the classical Ottoman Millet-system began to degrade with the continuous identification of the religious creed with ethnic identity and the term millet was used as a synonym of nation. In this way, in the struggle for recognition of a separate Church, the modern Bulgarian nation was created. The establishment of the Bulgarian Exarchate in 1870, meant in practice recognition of a separate Bulgarian nationality, and in this case the religious affiliation became a consequence of national allegiance. The founding of an independent church, along with the revival of Bulgarian language and education, were the crucial factors that strengthened the national consciousness and revolutionary struggle, that led to the creation of an independent nation-state in 1878.",3,"","What is the millet 's historical significance in the creation of national identities in the Ottoman Empire ?","The millet system established during the period of Ottoman rule was an administrative system that served as a means of effectively reinforcing the divide between Turkish and Greek Cypriots.  An administrative structure which distinguished the communities based on religion and ethnicity, each group was treated as a distinct entity. With the Orthodox Church playing a dominant position among the Greek Cypriots so as to help them preserve their ethnic, cultural, and political identity, religious activities and institutions factored into virtually every facet of the Cypriot community. Through the imposition of taxation and other various administrative tasks on a denominational basis, the millet system served as a central contributor in the creation of \"political cleavage over ethnic lines.",2,"","What is the millet 's historical importance in developing national identities ?","Millets are important crops in the semiarid tropics of Asia and Africa (especially in India, Mali, Nigeria, and Niger), with 97% of millet production in developing countries. The crop is favored due to its productivity and short growing season under dry, high-temperature conditions.",0,null,67,false,"88_10_CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","88_10_CAR_22a02abd346e13531fea8fce7043e127b87f1649","CAR_22a02abd346e13531fea8fce7043e127b87f1649","88_10_CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b",null,"What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","MARCO_2773626","88_10_MARCO_2773626","The Armenian millet was a confessional community in the Ottoman Empire. Confessional communities on local issues were functioning like the autonomous territories. The Ottoman millet specifically referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to personal law under which sections of the society were allowed to rule themselves with fairly little interference from the central system. Each millet was under the supervision of an Ethnarch ('national' leader), most often a religious hierarch. Armenian millet was under the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. As the people of \"The Book\" Armenians were able to maintain their houses of worship, obtain religious literature, and employ clergy of their faith for their congregations. These were rights given in the local level. These rights become limited with the economic and technological developments of the 18th century. The Ottoman citizens wanted representation in national level. They wanted to have participation more than local level.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the relationship between predator and prey?","89_1","What is the link between predator and prey ?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",4,null,"What is the correlation between predators and prey ?","Size-selective predation involves predators preferring prey of a certain size. Large prey may prove troublesome for a predator, while small prey might prove hard to find and in any case provide less of a reward. This has led to a correlation between the size of predators and their prey. Size may also act as a refuge for large prey, for example adult elephants are, in general, safe from predation by lions, but juveniles are vulnerable.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What is the association between prey and predator ?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",4,"","What is the relationship between predator and prey ?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",4,null,68,true,"89_1_MARCO_3503895","MARCO_3503895","89_1_CAR_4990cf4ba0bf15403e240e542c3711a4ef349bb5","CAR_4990cf4ba0bf15403e240e542c3711a4ef349bb5","89_1_MARCO_3503895","MARCO_3503895",null,"What is the relationship between predator and prey?","MARCO_3503895","89_1_MARCO_3503895","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the relationship between predator and prey?","89_1","What is the link between predator and prey ?","The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.",4,null,"What is the correlation between predators and prey ?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",4,"","What is the association between prey and predator ?","The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.",4,"","What is the relationship between predator and prey ?","The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.",4,null,68,true,"89_1_CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","89_1_MARCO_3503895","MARCO_3503895","89_1_CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3",null,"What is the relationship between predator and prey?","CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","89_1_CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the relationship between predator and prey?","89_1","What is the link between predator and prey ?","The Lotka–Volterra predator–prey model describes the basic population dynamics under predation. The solution to these equations in the simple one-predator species, one-prey species model is a stable linked oscillation of population levels for both predator and prey. However, when time lags between respective population growths are modeled, these oscillations will tend to amplify, eventually leading to extinction of both species. The Ricker model exemplifies this dynamic.",4,null,"What is the correlation between predators and prey ?","Importance: Predators and prey can influence one another's evolution. Traits that enhance a predator's ability to find and capture prey will be selected for in the predator, while traits that enhance the prey's ability to avoid being eaten will be selected for in the prey.",4,"","What is the association between prey and predator ?","Â· Predator is the dominant organism, while prey is the submissive organism of prey-predator interaction. Â· Prey has always a larger population compared to predator. Â· Prey species are more often herbivorous, while predators are always carnivores, but can be omnivorous sometimes. Predator completely depends on the prey for food. However, prey would not die in the absence of predators. Â· Predators control the population of prey, otherwise the prey species will get overpopulated, and the balance of the ecosystem will lose.",4,"","What is the relationship between predator and prey ?","This is shown particularly clearly by the relationship between predator predator: An animal that hunts, kills and eats other animals for food. and prey prey: organisms that predators kill for food populations. There is a continuous tussle between predators and their prey.",4,null,68,true,"89_1_CAR_76bdc8b8cfef856c7d7cb4593b45e89e2bf4d671","CAR_76bdc8b8cfef856c7d7cb4593b45e89e2bf4d671","89_1_MARCO_4441043","MARCO_4441043","89_1_MARCO_3607698","MARCO_3607698",null,"What is the relationship between predator and prey?","MARCO_7579460","89_1_MARCO_7579460","This is shown particularly clearly by the relationship between predator predator: An animal that hunts, kills and eats other animals for food. and prey prey: organisms that predators kill for food populations. There is a continuous tussle between predators and their prey.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What do predator plants eat?","89_2","What is a predator plant 's diet ?","Predators that eat only other arthropods are called carnivores; arthropods that eat only plants are referred to as herbivores and are frequently the prey of predators. Predators that feed on both prey and plants (pollen and nectar) are called omnivores.ome predators are specialists, feeding on only one or a few species of prey, but most are generalists and feed on a wide variety of insect pests and even, at times, each other.",0,null,"What are some examples of carnivorous plant foods ?","As nutrients tend to be rarely available to lithophytes or chasmophytes, many species of carnivorous plants can be viewed as being pre-adapted to life on rocks. By consuming prey, these plants can gather more nutrients than non-carnivorous lithophtytes. Examples include the pitcher plants Nepenthes campanulata and Heliamphora exappendiculata, many Pinguicula and several Utricularia species.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What do carnivorous plants eat ?","Q: What do carnivorous plants eat? Dinner! Gross! Hybrid Nepenthes A: It depends on where they live. Many carnivorous plants, such as Utricularia and Aldrovanda, live with their traps submerged in water. These plants capture very small prey like rotifers and daphnia, and even larger aquatic prey such as mosquito larvae and even fish fry. Traps in the genus Genlisea can even capture protozoans, and some scientists think they are specialized specifically to do so!",4,"","What do predator plants eat ?","Predators that eat only other arthropods are called carnivores; arthropods that eat only plants are referred to as herbivores and are frequently the prey of predators. Predators that feed on both prey and plants (pollen and nectar) are called omnivores.ome predators are specialists, feeding on only one or a few species of prey, but most are generalists and feed on a wide variety of insect pests and even, at times, each other.",0,null,69,false,"89_2_MARCO_6997037","MARCO_6997037","89_2_CAR_56f1b16d9c5722c243b2a8a28d02d5edf2ca68aa","CAR_56f1b16d9c5722c243b2a8a28d02d5edf2ca68aa","89_2_MARCO_4608868","MARCO_4608868",null,"What do predator plants eat?","MARCO_6997037","89_2_MARCO_6997037","Predators that eat only other arthropods are called carnivores; arthropods that eat only plants are referred to as herbivores and are frequently the prey of predators. Predators that feed on both prey and plants (pollen and nectar) are called omnivores.ome predators are specialists, feeding on only one or a few species of prey, but most are generalists and feed on a wide variety of insect pests and even, at times, each other.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What do predator plants eat?","89_2","What is a predator plant 's diet ?","And one thing weâ€™ve been seeing for a long time now is that predators can have a dramatic impact on plant populations through their intermediary impact on their prey. So, when otters eat sea urchins, which are their main diet for instance, we see kelp forest bounce back to life.",0,null,"What are some examples of carnivorous plant foods ?","Historical observations of the carnivorous syndrome in plant species have been restricted to the more obvious examples of carnivory, such as the active trapping mechanisms of Drosera and Dionaea, though authors have often noted speculation about other species that may not be so obviously carnivorous. In one of the earlier publications on carnivorous plants, Charles Darwin had suggested many plants that have developed adhesive glands, such as Erica tetralix, Mirabilis longifolia, Pelargonium zonale, Primula sinesis, and Saxifraga umbrosa, may indeed be carnivorous but little research has been done on them. Darwin himself only mentioned these species in passing and did not follow through with any investigation. Adding to the small but growing list, Francis Lloyd provided his own list of species suspected of carnivory in his 1942 book on carnivorous plants, though these species and their potential were only mentioned in the introduction. Later, in a 1981 review of the literature, Paul Simons rediscovered Italian journal articles from the early 1900s that identified several additional sticky species that digested insect prey. Simons was surprised to find these articles lacking in the literature cited sections of many modern books and articles on carnivorous plants, suggesting that academic research has treated Lloyd's 1942 book as the authoritative and comprehensive source on pre-1942 research on the carnivorous syndrome.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What do carnivorous plants eat ?","Carnivorous plants are plants which get nutrients from trapping and eating animals. They are often called insectivorous plants, because they usually trap insects. Since they get some of their food from animals, carnivorous plants can grow in places where the soil is thin, or poor in nutrients.",4,"","What do predator plants eat ?","Answer Predators are any animals that hunt and eat other animals (prey). There are some plants, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets â€¦ are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles. Like the guy earlier said, predators are animals that eat other animals, however, the human is not a predator, but an omnivore, which means we eat plant and animal matter.   Something that eats animals.",4,null,69,false,"89_2_MARCO_2342965","MARCO_2342965","89_2_CAR_790141d3381bee337e42ab663452becbc0290461","CAR_790141d3381bee337e42ab663452becbc0290461","89_2_MARCO_6199660","MARCO_6199660",null,"What do predator plants eat?","MARCO_1712829","89_2_MARCO_1712829","Answer Predators are any animals that hunt and eat other animals (prey). There are some plants, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets â€¦ are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles. Like the guy earlier said, predators are animals that eat other animals, however, the human is not a predator, but an omnivore, which means we eat plant and animal matter.   Something that eats animals.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},2,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What do predator plants eat?","89_2","What is a predator plant 's diet ?","The diet of the V. pensylvanica is very broad. Food is obtained through both predation and scavenging. Adult workers are opportunistic predators and often return to areas of abundant prey to forage. The main foods obtained are high-protein foods such as small insects, caterpillars, and spiders. In addition, V. pensylvanica occasionally scavenges on dead animals, including dead honeybees. In Hawaii, the diet spans a total of 14 taxonomic orders, including both invertebrates and vertebrates. The most common taxa are small and inconspicuous, such as barklice or planthoppers.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some examples of carnivorous plant foods ?","Carnivorous plants have long been the subject of popular interest and exposition, much of it highly inaccurate. Fictional plants have been featured in a number of books, movies, television series, and video games. Typically, these fictional depictions include exaggerated characteristics, such as enormous size or possession of abilities beyond the realm of reality, and can be viewed as a kind of artistic license. Two of the most famous examples of fictional carnivorous plants in popular culture are the 1960s black comedy The Little Shop of Horrors and the triffids of John Wyndham's The Day of the Triffids. Other movies, such as The Hellstrom Chronicle (1971), and television series utilize accurate depictions of carnivorous plants for cinematic purposes.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What do carnivorous plants eat ?","Carnivorous plants are plants that derive some or most of their nutrients (but not energy) from trapping and consuming animals or protozoans, typically insects and other arthropods. Carnivorous plants have adapted to grow in places with high light where the soil is thin or poor in nutrients, especially nitrogen, such as acidic bogs and rock outcroppings. Charles Darwin wrote Insectivorous Plants, the first well-known treatise on carnivorous plants, in 1875.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What do predator plants eat ?","Q: What do carnivorous plants eat? Dinner! Gross! Hybrid Nepenthes A: It depends on where they live. Many carnivorous plants, such as Utricularia and Aldrovanda, live with their traps submerged in water. These plants capture very small prey like rotifers and daphnia, and even larger aquatic prey such as mosquito larvae and even fish fry. Traps in the genus Genlisea can even capture protozoans, and some scientists think they are specialized specifically to do so!",4,null,69,false,"89_2_CAR_c562e22096f86583aad0085eaff03b447cd00d42","CAR_c562e22096f86583aad0085eaff03b447cd00d42","89_2_CAR_9833f4aca81e62ebaedccfbaf2e48325f1d82624","CAR_9833f4aca81e62ebaedccfbaf2e48325f1d82624","89_2_CAR_e1cd70aa4ee425fe83986fd9652f4a11f98e84f0","CAR_e1cd70aa4ee425fe83986fd9652f4a11f98e84f0",null,"What do predator plants eat?","MARCO_4608868","89_2_MARCO_4608868","Predators are any animals that hunt and eat other animals (prey). There are some plants, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles. <b>Predators</b> are any <b>animals</b> that hunt and eat other animals (<i><b>prey</b></i>). There are some <b>plants</b>, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},4]
["What do Venus flytraps eat?","89_3","What about Venus flytraps ?","Venus The Flytrap is a post-apocalyptic side-scrolling video game released in 1990 for the Amiga and Atari ST.",0,null,"How should the Venus flytraps be for predators ?","Predation. When an insect touches the bristles on the lobes of a Venus fly trap, the lobes close quickly, engulfing the insect. The movement of the insect inside the lobes causes the flytrap to secrete digestive enzymes that kill the insect.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What about Venus fly traps ?","Venus The Flytrap is a post-apocalyptic side-scrolling video game released in 1990 for the Amiga and Atari ST.",0,"","What about Venus flytraps in particular ?","Venus The Flytrap is a post-apocalyptic side-scrolling video game released in 1990 for the Amiga and Atari ST.",0,null,70,true,"89_3_CAR_b9a8a2b905073f88b28575cc2c850b187d6774c0","CAR_b9a8a2b905073f88b28575cc2c850b187d6774c0","89_3_MARCO_2588734","MARCO_2588734","89_3_CAR_b9a8a2b905073f88b28575cc2c850b187d6774c0","CAR_b9a8a2b905073f88b28575cc2c850b187d6774c0",null,"What do Venus flytraps eat?","CAR_b9a8a2b905073f88b28575cc2c850b187d6774c0","89_3_CAR_b9a8a2b905073f88b28575cc2c850b187d6774c0","Credit: Mathieu Colombani. Unlike most plants, Venus flytraps are carnivorous, which means they eat meat. Charles Darwin wrote in his 1875 publication, Insectivorous Plants, that the Venus flytrap is one of the most wonderful [plants] in the world..",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What do Venus flytraps eat?","89_3","What about Venus flytraps ?","Venus Flytrap was a Thai pop music group made up of five young transgender women (commonly called kathoey in Thailand). The members were selected from 200 applicants during an audition in 2005 by Sony BMG Music Entertainment, which also promotes the group and provided it with a recording contract.",0,null,"How should the Venus flytraps be for predators ?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina. It catches its prey—chiefly insects and arachnids—with a trapping structure formed by the terminal portion of each of the plant's leaves, which is triggered by tiny hairs on their inner surfaces. When an insect or spider crawling along the leaves contacts a hair, the trap closes if a different hair is contacted within twenty seconds of the first strike. The requirement of redundant triggering in this mechanism serves as a safeguard against wasting energy by trapping objects with no nutritional value.",4,"","What about Venus fly traps ?","Venus Flytrap (filmed 1966, released 1970) is an American horror film shot partly in Japan. The plot features a mad scientist who uses thunder and lightning to turn carnivorous plants into man-eating creatures. It is known variously as Body of the Prey, and The Revenge of Doctor X (American video box title). Although the film is based on a 1950s screenplay by Ed Wood, he remained uncredited. The film was directed by Kenneth Crane, who also directed the famed 1961 Japanese horror film, The Manster. Confusingly,  the American video release erroneously features the major credits for 1969 Philippines production The Mad Doctor of Blood Island.",0,"","What about Venus flytraps in particular ?","Venus Flytrap is the first all-kathoey music group in Thailand with a recording contract, and the second in the world, following South Korean group Lady.",0,null,70,true,"89_3_CAR_15551113a48e62d9aca0d59cd07b329f1bdb1fac","CAR_15551113a48e62d9aca0d59cd07b329f1bdb1fac","89_3_CAR_8af262c01e3c24acec0359c181411f5b6d744f66","CAR_8af262c01e3c24acec0359c181411f5b6d744f66","89_3_CAR_32ed8874a0f79776c1b1c3f6b88644bbe310502b","CAR_32ed8874a0f79776c1b1c3f6b88644bbe310502b",null,"What do Venus flytraps eat?","CAR_372fff719c5fc96497314a5b1e503970ac394b53","89_3_CAR_372fff719c5fc96497314a5b1e503970ac394b53","Facts About Venus Flytraps. Unlike most plants, Venus flytraps are carnivorous, which means they eat meat. Charles Darwin wrote in his 1875 publication, Insectivorous Plants, that the Venus flytrap is one of the most wonderful [plants] in the world..",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What do Venus flytraps eat?","89_3","What about Venus flytraps ?","Venus Flytrap is a Dutch indie rock band formed in 1996. The band has built a modest following and cult status based on TV, radio and live performances. The video for the song \"The Gift\" became \"Clip of the Week\" on music station TMF even before its release as a single. One year later, the song \"Radical Dream\" got much airplay on Dutch public radio station 3FM, which triggered frequent live performances in various music venues in the Netherlands.",0,null,"How should the Venus flytraps be for predators ?","It is intuitively clear that the Venus flytrap is more carnivorous than Triphyophyllum peltatum. The former is a full-time moving snap-trap; the latter is a part-time, non-moving flypaper. The energy \"wasted\" by the plant in building and fuelling its trap is a suitable measure of the carnivory of the trap.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What about Venus fly traps ?","Venus Flytrap is a Dutch indie rock band formed in 1996. The band has built a modest following and cult status based on TV, radio and live performances. The video for the song \"The Gift\" became \"Clip of the Week\" on music station TMF even before its release as a single. One year later, the song \"Radical Dream\" got much airplay on Dutch public radio station 3FM, which triggered frequent live performances in various music venues in the Netherlands.",0,"","What about Venus flytraps in particular ?","Venus Flytrap is a Dutch indie rock band formed in 1996. The band has built a modest following and cult status based on TV, radio and live performances. The video for the song \"The Gift\" became \"Clip of the Week\" on music station TMF even before its release as a single. One year later, the song \"Radical Dream\" got much airplay on Dutch public radio station 3FM, which triggered frequent live performances in various music venues in the Netherlands.",0,null,70,true,"89_3_CAR_9e32f36001e8ef7969c9faeb1c575a82f770a9ee","CAR_9e32f36001e8ef7969c9faeb1c575a82f770a9ee","89_3_CAR_6252d6e69eb416ea98d34d9ba91db42f9d2c1b19","CAR_6252d6e69eb416ea98d34d9ba91db42f9d2c1b19","89_3_CAR_9e32f36001e8ef7969c9faeb1c575a82f770a9ee","CAR_9e32f36001e8ef7969c9faeb1c575a82f770a9ee",null,"What do Venus flytraps eat?","CAR_9e32f36001e8ef7969c9faeb1c575a82f770a9ee","89_3_CAR_9e32f36001e8ef7969c9faeb1c575a82f770a9ee","The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three \"trigger hairs\", bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the \"teeth\" on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","89_4","Where is Venus flytraps located ?","Venus flytraps come from low-lying flatlands in coastal North Carolina, mostly around the town of Wilmington. They also occur, in much less abundance, in north-eastern South Carolina. I present range information in a different part of the FAQ.",4,null,"What ecosystem are Venus flytraps from ?","The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen- and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs. Small in stature and slow-growing, the Venus flytrap tolerates fire well, and depends on periodic burning to suppress its competition. Fire suppression threatens its future in the wild. It survives in wet sandy and peaty soils. Although it has been successfully transplanted and grown in many locales around the world, it is native only to the coastal bogs of North and South Carolina in the United States, specifically within a 60-mile radius of Wilmington, North Carolina. One such place is North Carolina's Green Swamp. There also appears to be a naturalized population of Venus flytraps in northern Florida as well as an introduced population in western Washington. The nutritional poverty of the soil is the reason that the plant relies on such elaborate traps: insect prey provide the nitrogen for protein formation that the soil cannot. The Venus flytrap is not a tropical plant and can tolerate mild winters. In fact, Venus flytraps that do not go through a period of winter dormancy will weaken and die after a period of time.",4,"","Where are Venus fly traps found on Earth ?","The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen- and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs. Small in stature and slow-growing, the Venus flytrap tolerates fire well, and depends on periodic burning to suppress its competition. Fire suppression threatens its future in the wild. It survives in wet sandy and peaty soils. Although it has been successfully transplanted and grown in many locales around the world, it is native only to the coastal bogs of North and South Carolina in the United States, specifically within a 60-mile radius of Wilmington, North Carolina. One such place is North Carolina's Green Swamp. There also appears to be a naturalized population of Venus flytraps in northern Florida as well as an introduced population in western Washington. The nutritional poverty of the soil is the reason that the plant relies on such elaborate traps: insect prey provide the nitrogen for protein formation that the soil cannot. The Venus flytrap is not a tropical plant and can tolerate mild winters. In fact, Venus flytraps that do not go through a period of winter dormancy will weaken and die after a period of time.",4,"","Where is Venus flytraps native to ?","Venus flytrap. The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",4,null,71,false,"89_4_MARCO_5503671","MARCO_5503671","89_4_CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3","CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3","89_4_CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3","CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3",null,"Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","MARCO_2686281","89_4_MARCO_2686281","Venus flytrap. The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","89_4","Where is Venus flytraps located ?","The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen- and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs. Small in stature and slow-growing, the Venus flytrap tolerates fire well, and depends on periodic burning to suppress its competition. Fire suppression threatens its future in the wild. It survives in wet sandy and peaty soils. Although it has been successfully transplanted and grown in many locales around the world, it is native only to the coastal bogs of North and South Carolina in the United States, specifically within a 60-mile radius of Wilmington, North Carolina. One such place is North Carolina's Green Swamp. There also appears to be a naturalized population of Venus flytraps in northern Florida as well as an introduced population in western Washington. The nutritional poverty of the soil is the reason that the plant relies on such elaborate traps: insect prey provide the nitrogen for protein formation that the soil cannot. The Venus flytrap is not a tropical plant and can tolerate mild winters. In fact, Venus flytraps that do not go through a period of winter dormancy will weaken and die after a period of time.",4,null,"What ecosystem are Venus flytraps from ?","Venus flytraps come from low-lying flatlands in coastal North Carolina, mostly around the town of Wilmington. They also occur, in much less abundance, in north-eastern South Carolina. I present range information in a different part of the FAQ.",4,"","Where are Venus fly traps found on Earth ?","The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen-and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs.",1,"","Where is Venus flytraps native to ?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",4,null,71,false,"89_4_CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3","CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3","89_4_MARCO_5503671","MARCO_5503671","89_4_MARCO_2874177","MARCO_2874177",null,"Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","MARCO_2874178","89_4_MARCO_2874178","The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen- and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs. Small in stature and slow-growing, the Venus flytrap tolerates fire well, and depends on periodic burning to suppress its competition. Fire suppression threatens its future in the wild. It survives in wet sandy and peaty soils. Although it has been successfully transplanted and grown in many locales around the world, it is native only to the coastal bogs of North and South Carolina in the United States, specifically within a 60-mile radius of Wilmington, North Carolina. One such place is North Carolina's Green Swamp. There also appears to be a naturalized population of Venus flytraps in northern Florida as well as an introduced population in western Washington. The nutritional poverty of the soil is the reason that the plant relies on such elaborate traps: insect prey provide the nitrogen for protein formation that the soil cannot. The Venus flytrap is not a tropical plant and can tolerate mild winters. In fact, Venus flytraps that do not go through a period of winter dormancy will weaken and die after a period of time.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","89_4","Where is Venus flytraps located ?","Venus Flytrap native habitat is located in USDA Hardiness Zone 8b, with an average annual minimum temperature of 10 to 15 degrees F (-9.5 to 12.2 degrees C). This is hardly tropical.",2,null,"What ecosystem are Venus flytraps from ?","The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen-and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs.",1,"","Where are Venus fly traps found on Earth ?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",4,"","Where is Venus flytraps native to ?","The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen- and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs. Small in stature and slow-growing, the Venus flytrap tolerates fire well, and depends on periodic burning to suppress its competition. Fire suppression threatens its future in the wild. It survives in wet sandy and peaty soils. Although it has been successfully transplanted and grown in many locales around the world, it is native only to the coastal bogs of North and South Carolina in the United States, specifically within a 60-mile radius of Wilmington, North Carolina. One such place is North Carolina's Green Swamp. There also appears to be a naturalized population of Venus flytraps in northern Florida as well as an introduced population in western Washington. The nutritional poverty of the soil is the reason that the plant relies on such elaborate traps: insect prey provide the nitrogen for protein formation that the soil cannot. The Venus flytrap is not a tropical plant and can tolerate mild winters. In fact, Venus flytraps that do not go through a period of winter dormancy will weaken and die after a period of time.",4,null,71,false,"89_4_MARCO_5786266","MARCO_5786266","89_4_MARCO_2874177","MARCO_2874177","89_4_MARCO_2874178","MARCO_2874178",null,"Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3","89_4_CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","89_5","What do predator plants use to attract , draw and trap their prey ?","Five basic trapping mechanisms are found in carnivorous plants. Pitfall traps (pitcher plants) trap prey in a rolled leaf that contains a pool of digestive enzymes or bacteria. Flypaper traps use a sticky mucilage. Snap traps utilize rapid leaf movements. Bladder traps suck in prey with a bladder that generates an internal vacuum.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How does Venus flytraps catch insects ?","And Venus Flytraps catch insects and digest them for the nutrients that they cannot get from soil. Here are a few interesting facts about Venus Flytraps: Venus Flytrap plants are not tropical plants. Venus Flytrap plants are native to North America.",0,"","What are Venus fly traps ' hunting patterns like ?","But among all these plants, two species stand out: the Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) and the waterwheel plant (Aldrovanda vesiculosa). Both are known as snap-traps because they actively hunt animals, snapping shut specially adapted leaves to trap any hapless creature that crosses them.hat is more, they think its possible to trace a series of steps that the Venus flytrap and waterwheel must have undergone to become accomplished hunters. They started by comparing snap-traps with other carnivorous plants known as sticky traps.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey ?","The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three \"trigger hairs\", bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the \"teeth\" on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.",4,null,72,true,"89_5_MARCO_1547583","MARCO_1547583","89_5_MARCO_5503675","MARCO_5503675","89_5_MARCO_4023444","MARCO_4023444",null,"How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","89_5_CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three \"trigger hairs\", bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the \"teeth\" on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},3]
["How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","89_5","What do predator plants use to attract , draw and trap their prey ?","Insectivorous plants might consume insects and other animal material trapped adventitiously, though most species to which such food represents an important part of their intake are specifically, often spectacularly, adapted to attract and secure adequate supplies. Their prey animals typically, but not exclusively, comprise insects and other arthropods.  Plants highly adapted to reliance on animal food use a variety of mechanisms to secure their prey, such as pitfalls, sticky surfaces, hair-trigger snaps, bladder-traps, entangling furriness, and lobster-pot trap mechanisms. Also known as carnivorous plants, they appear adapted to grow in places where the soil is thin or poor in nutrients, especially nitrogen, such as acidic bogs and rock outcroppings.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How does Venus flytraps catch insects ?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina. It catches its prey—chiefly insects and arachnids—with a trapping structure formed by the terminal portion of each of the plant's leaves, which is triggered by tiny hairs on their inner surfaces. When an insect or spider crawling along the leaves contacts a hair, the trap closes if a different hair is contacted within twenty seconds of the first strike. The requirement of redundant triggering in this mechanism serves as a safeguard against wasting energy by trapping objects with no nutritional value.",3,"","What are Venus fly traps ' hunting patterns like ?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina. It catches its prey—chiefly insects and arachnids—with a trapping structure formed by the terminal portion of each of the plant's leaves, which is triggered by tiny hairs on their inner surfaces. When an insect or spider crawling along the leaves contacts a hair, the trap closes if a different hair is contacted within twenty seconds of the first strike. The requirement of redundant triggering in this mechanism serves as a safeguard against wasting energy by trapping objects with no nutritional value.",3,"","How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey ?","Mechanism of Trapping. The Venus flytrap is one of a very small group of plants capable of rapid movement. The trap employed by flytrap Venus is similar to the traps employed by the Telegraph plant, Mimosa, bladderworts and sundews. With the help of its trapping mechanism, the Venus flytrap catches its prey.",1,null,72,true,"89_5_CAR_134839bbce1d2ec4d195b566d3d0dc56a3f94b68","CAR_134839bbce1d2ec4d195b566d3d0dc56a3f94b68","89_5_CAR_8af262c01e3c24acec0359c181411f5b6d744f66","CAR_8af262c01e3c24acec0359c181411f5b6d744f66","89_5_CAR_8af262c01e3c24acec0359c181411f5b6d744f66","CAR_8af262c01e3c24acec0359c181411f5b6d744f66",null,"How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","MARCO_5503670","89_5_MARCO_5503670","Learn more about this article. The Venus flytrap, as its name suggests, is able to catch and digest insects. Insects are attracted to the small traps by the bright pigment and the nectar secreted by a row of glands situated just below the teeth of the trap (5).ost carnivorous plants selectively feed on specific prey. This selection is due to the available prey and the type of trap used by the organism. With the Venus flytrap, prey is limited to beetles, spiders and other crawling arthropods.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","89_5","What do predator plants use to attract , draw and trap their prey ?","Pitfall traps (pitcher plants) trap prey in a rolled leaf that contains a pool of digestive enzymes or bacteria. Flypaper traps use a sticky mucilage. Snap traps utilize rapid leaf movements. Bladder traps suck in prey with a bladder that generates an internal vacuum.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How does Venus flytraps catch insects ?","Learn more about this article. The Venus flytrap, as its name suggests, is able to catch and digest insects. Insects are attracted to the small traps by the bright pigment and the nectar secreted by a row of glands situated just below the teeth of the trap (5).ost carnivorous plants selectively feed on specific prey. This selection is due to the available prey and the type of trap used by the organism. With the Venus flytrap, prey is limited to beetles, spiders and other crawling arthropods.",4,"","What are Venus fly traps ' hunting patterns like ?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.he speed with which traps close can be used as an indicator of a plant's general health. Venus flytraps are not as humidity-dependent as are some other carnivorous plants, such as Nepenthes, Cephalotus, most Heliamphora, and some Drosera.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey ?","Learn more about this article. The Venus flytrap, as its name suggests, is able to catch and digest insects. Insects are attracted to the small traps by the bright pigment and the nectar secreted by a row of glands situated just below the teeth of the trap (5).ost carnivorous plants selectively feed on specific prey. This selection is due to the available prey and the type of trap used by the organism. With the Venus flytrap, prey is limited to beetles, spiders and other crawling arthropods.",4,null,72,true,"89_5_MARCO_3872066","MARCO_3872066","89_5_MARCO_6416397","MARCO_6416397","89_5_MARCO_2653125","MARCO_2653125",null,"How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","MARCO_6416397","89_5_MARCO_6416397","Mechanism of Trapping. The Venus flytrap is one of a very small group of plants capable of rapid movement. The trap employed by flytrap Venus is similar to the traps employed by the Telegraph plant, Mimosa, bladderworts and sundews. With the help of its trapping mechanism, the Venus flytrap catches its prey.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","89_6","What other resembling plants are found naturally in North and South Carolina besides Venus flytraps ?","The National Audubon Society considers Lewis Ocean Bay Heritage Preserve \"a place of birding significance.\" It includes black bears, red-cockaded woodpeckers, and orchids. It is one of the few places to find Venus flytrap growing naturally, and Coastal Carolina University biology professor James Luken predicted that in South Carolina, where the species once was found in four counties, the Venus flytrap could soon be found only in the preserve. In the bays themselves, which dry up in the summer, are blueberry, huckleberry, fetterbush and zenobia, along with sweetbay, catbriar, gallberry, titi. pinweed, cowbane, bearded grass pink, buckeye, and balduina. Surrounding the bays are shrub bogs called pocosins with pond pine and loblolly pine.  Other plants include mulberry bushes, wax myrtle bushes, and the pitcher plant. Other animal life includes bald eagles, raccoons, foxes, squirrels, and quail. Longleaf pine savannas can be found between the bays, though slash pine has been planted. Dwarf live oak and turkey oak are also found. Pottery provides evidence of Native American campsites. Biologist Steve Bennett said the people who camped here hunted deer, which are still hunted today.",1,null,"What related plants are also indigenous to North and South Carolina ?","Hymenocallis pygmaea Traub is a plant in the Amaryllidaceae found in the wild only in North Carolina and South Carolina. Common name is dwarf spider-lily, and it is cultivated as an ornamental in some regions.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you name similar plants from North and South Carolina ?","Hymenocallis pygmaea Traub is a plant in the Amaryllidaceae found in the wild only in North Carolina and South Carolina. Common name is dwarf spider-lily, and it is cultivated as an ornamental in some regions.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are other similar plants to Venus flytraps from its native area ?","Mechanism of Trapping. The Venus flytrap is one of a very small group of plants capable of rapid movement. The trap employed by flytrap Venus is similar to the traps employed by the Telegraph plant, Mimosa, bladderworts and sundews. With the help of its trapping mechanism, the Venus flytrap catches its prey.",0,null,73,false,"89_6_CAR_5c485eac4293cd4166e54fb11b4948caabfe1130","CAR_5c485eac4293cd4166e54fb11b4948caabfe1130","89_6_CAR_635629c8fe6a7a3cfe275daae0ef83af1f4c23d6","CAR_635629c8fe6a7a3cfe275daae0ef83af1f4c23d6","89_6_CAR_635629c8fe6a7a3cfe275daae0ef83af1f4c23d6","CAR_635629c8fe6a7a3cfe275daae0ef83af1f4c23d6",null,"What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","MARCO_5503670","89_6_MARCO_5503670","The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three \"trigger hairs\", bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the \"teeth\" on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","89_6","What other resembling plants are found naturally in North and South Carolina besides Venus flytraps ?","The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three \"trigger hairs\", bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the \"teeth\" on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.",0,null,"What related plants are also indigenous to North and South Carolina ?","Sarracenia jonesii is a species of pitcher plant discovered by Edgar T. Wherry which is endemic to the bogs in the mountains on the border between North Carolina and South Carolina. It is currently only found in ten locations: 4 in North Carolina and 6 in South Carolina. S. jonesii is listed as endangered by the US federal government.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"Can you name similar plants from North and South Carolina ?","Pyxidanthera brevifolia, the littleleaf pixiemoss or sandhills pyxie-moss, is a plant species known only from North Carolina and South Carolina. It occurs in deep, sandy soil such as sand hills and sandy ridgetops, sometimes in open pine-oak woodlands, at elevations of .",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are other similar plants to Venus flytraps from its native area ?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.he Venus flytrap is one of a very small group of plants capable of rapid movement, such as Mimosa, the Telegraph plant, sundews and bladderworts.",0,null,73,false,"89_6_CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","89_6_CAR_8d9a906491c11b258e556731599fa0b94ecac416","CAR_8d9a906491c11b258e556731599fa0b94ecac416","89_6_CAR_1f585e03ed1723a9f947fd8d6e121e4ce4373825","CAR_1f585e03ed1723a9f947fd8d6e121e4ce4373825",null,"What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","MARCO_6416398","89_6_MARCO_6416398","Venus flytrap. The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},4,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","89_6","What other resembling plants are found naturally in North and South Carolina besides Venus flytraps ?","The Green Swamp is a swamp that lies in Brunswick and Columbus counties in North Carolina. The 15,907-acre swamp was designated a National Natural Landmark in 1974. The carnivorous plant known as the Venus Flytrap is found within this swamp, and it is important for other unique and endangered species. North Carolina laws prohibit the removal of these plants from their habitat. The wetlands support a rich ecology and are important as habitat along the Atlantic Flyway of migrating birds and other species.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What related plants are also indigenous to North and South Carolina ?","Pyxidanthera brevifolia, the littleleaf pixiemoss or sandhills pyxie-moss, is a plant species known only from North Carolina and South Carolina. It occurs in deep, sandy soil such as sand hills and sandy ridgetops, sometimes in open pine-oak woodlands, at elevations of .",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you name similar plants from North and South Carolina ?","Sagittaria macrocarpa, commonly called the large-fruited Arrowhead, is an aquatic plant species known only from the US states of North Carolina and South Carolina.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are other similar plants to Venus flytraps from its native area ?","Mechanism of Trapping. The Venus flytrap is one of a very small group of plants capable of rapid movement. The trap employed by flytrap Venus is similar to the traps employed by the Telegraph plant, Mimosa, bladderworts and sundews.",0,null,73,false,"89_6_CAR_06a42e75bd1b5e9996f56e852f9e80ab0bf3711b","CAR_06a42e75bd1b5e9996f56e852f9e80ab0bf3711b","89_6_CAR_1f585e03ed1723a9f947fd8d6e121e4ce4373825","CAR_1f585e03ed1723a9f947fd8d6e121e4ce4373825","89_6_CAR_1580fbeee342086aac2b52be81fde30fbfee8dec","CAR_1580fbeee342086aac2b52be81fde30fbfee8dec",null,"What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","MARCO_5503673","89_6_MARCO_5503673","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",0,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["How do populations of predators and prey relate?","89_7","What are the relationships between the population of predators and prey in North and South Carolina ?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",0,null,"How are predators and prey related in an ecosystem ?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",0,"","What is the relationship between the populations of prey and predators on Earth ?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",0,"","How do populations of predator plants and prey relate ?","According to the theory of predator–prey interactions, the relationship between herbivores and plants is cyclic.  When prey (plants) are numerous their predators (herbivores) increase in numbers, reducing the prey population, which in turn causes predator number to decline. The prey population eventually recovers, starting a new cycle.  This suggests that the population of the herbivore fluctuates around the carrying capacity of the food source, in this case the plant.",4,null,74,true,"89_7_MARCO_3503895","MARCO_3503895","89_7_MARCO_3503895","MARCO_3503895","89_7_MARCO_3503895","MARCO_3503895",null,"How do populations of predators and prey relate?","CAR_92d0405275bee1e39da54c2979e0d46b5eb4cb09","89_7_CAR_92d0405275bee1e39da54c2979e0d46b5eb4cb09","It is fairly clear that predators tend to lower the survival and fecundity of their prey, but on a higher level of organization, populations of predator and prey species also interact. It is obvious that predators depend on prey for survival, and this is reflected in predator populations being affected by changes in prey populations. It is not so obvious, however, that predators affect prey populations. Eating a prey organism may simply make room for another if the prey population is approaching its carrying capacity.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do populations of predators and prey relate?","89_7","What are the relationships between the population of predators and prey in North and South Carolina ?","The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.",0,null,"How are predators and prey related in an ecosystem ?","Â· Predator is the dominant organism, while prey is the submissive organism of prey-predator interaction. Â· Prey has always a larger population compared to predator. Â· Prey species are more often herbivorous, while predators are always carnivores, but can be omnivorous sometimes. Predator completely depends on the prey for food. However, prey would not die in the absence of predators. Â· Predators control the population of prey, otherwise the prey species will get overpopulated, and the balance of the ecosystem will lose.",4,"","What is the relationship between the populations of prey and predators on Earth ?","The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.",0,"","How do populations of predator plants and prey relate ?","It is fairly clear that predators tend to lower the survival and fecundity of their prey, but on a higher level of organization, populations of predator and prey species also interact. It is obvious that predators depend on prey for survival, and this is reflected in predator populations being affected by changes in prey populations. It is not so obvious, however, that predators affect prey populations. Eating a prey organism may simply make room for another if the prey population is approaching its carrying capacity.",4,null,74,true,"89_7_CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","89_7_MARCO_3607698","MARCO_3607698","89_7_CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3",null,"How do populations of predators and prey relate?","CAR_34b38a6a0b045595319863992a0a4cf3b53a6404","89_7_CAR_34b38a6a0b045595319863992a0a4cf3b53a6404","Predator-Prey Cycles. It is logical to expect the two populations to fluctuate in response to the density of one another. When the prey species is numerous, the number of predators will increase because there is more food to feed them and a higher population can be supported with available resources. As the number of predators begins to increase, the density of the prey population will decrease in response to increased rates of predation.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do populations of predators and prey relate?","89_7","What are the relationships between the population of predators and prey in North and South Carolina ?","This is shown particularly clearly by the relationship between predator predator: An animal that hunts, kills and eats other animals for food. and prey prey: organisms that predators kill for food populations. There is a continuous tussle between predators and their prey.",0,null,"How are predators and prey related in an ecosystem ?","Each species in an ecosystem is affected by the other species in that ecosystem. There are very few single prey-single predator relationships. Most prey are consumed by more than one predator, and most predators have more than one prey. Their relationships are also influenced by other environmental factors.  In most cases, if one species is removed from an ecosystem, other species will most likely be affected, up to the point of extinction.",3,"","What is the relationship between the populations of prey and predators on Earth ?","Â· Predator is the dominant organism, while prey is the submissive organism of prey-predator interaction. Â· Prey has always a larger population compared to predator. Â· Prey species are more often herbivorous, while predators are always carnivores, but can be omnivorous sometimes. Predator completely depends on the prey for food. However, prey would not die in the absence of predators. Â· Predators control the population of prey, otherwise the prey species will get overpopulated, and the balance of the ecosystem will lose.",4,"","How do populations of predator plants and prey relate ?","Predator-Prey Cycles. It is logical to expect the two populations to fluctuate in response to the density of one another. When the prey species is numerous, the number of predators will increase because there is more food to feed them and a higher population can be supported with available resources. As the number of predators begins to increase, the density of the prey population will decrease in response to increased rates of predation.",4,null,74,true,"89_7_MARCO_7579460","MARCO_7579460","89_7_CAR_d468310735178e2618696e99bc12b8d4b788400b","CAR_d468310735178e2618696e99bc12b8d4b788400b","89_7_MARCO_3607698","MARCO_3607698",null,"How do populations of predators and prey relate?","MARCO_4951014","89_7_MARCO_4951014","This model is typical for revealing the dynamics of populations. As long as the population of the prey is on the rise, the predators population also rises, since they have enough to eat. But very soon the population of the predators becomes too large so that the hunting exceeds the recreation of the prey. This leads to a decrease in the prey’s population and as a consequence of this also to a decrease of predators population as they do not have enough food to feed the entire population.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","89_8","Why is the reverse of predator and prey roles ?","Algebraic equations and graphs were used to analyze data to reenact predator–prey reversal roles. The conclusion of this experiment showed that roles between species can reverse when the usual prey populations decrease to significantly low levels, causing the predators to decrease in population size also. Once this occurs, prey then begin to build up their population numbers and as they do, they prey on their original predators.",4,null,"Why do predators and prey switch roles in an ecosystem ?","Prey switching is the concept that predators sometimes switch from primary prey to an alternative food source for various reasons. This is related to apostatic selection because when a rare morph is being selected for, it is going to increase in abundance in a specific population until it becomes recognized by a predator. Prey switching, therefore, seems to be a result of apostatic selection. Prey switching is related to prey preference as well as the abundance of the prey.",0,"","Why does the first become the second in the relationship between the populations of prey and predators ?","This model is typical for revealing the dynamics of populations. As long as the population of the prey is on the rise, the predators population also rises, since they have enough to eat. But very soon the population of the predators becomes too large so that the hunting exceeds the recreation of the prey. This leads to a decrease in the prey’s population and as a consequence of this also to a decrease of predators population as they do not have enough food to feed the entire population.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse ?","Algebraic equations and graphs were used to analyze data to reenact predator–prey reversal roles. The conclusion of this experiment showed that roles between species can reverse when the usual prey populations decrease to significantly low levels, causing the predators to decrease in population size also. Once this occurs, prey then begin to build up their population numbers and as they do, they prey on their original predators.",4,null,75,false,"89_8_CAR_e9a143edb9f86d06c3c152951da1ee10453bef18","CAR_e9a143edb9f86d06c3c152951da1ee10453bef18","89_8_CAR_0060f52d67ca92b6d232be6f9d67f1ee629821a7","CAR_0060f52d67ca92b6d232be6f9d67f1ee629821a7","89_8_CAR_d5cc3c0e4ba858a16b05332bb5338528904ffd14","CAR_d5cc3c0e4ba858a16b05332bb5338528904ffd14",null,"Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","CAR_e9a143edb9f86d06c3c152951da1ee10453bef18","89_8_CAR_e9a143edb9f86d06c3c152951da1ee10453bef18","Algebraic equations and graphs were used to analyze data to reenact predator–prey reversal roles. The conclusion of this experiment showed that roles between species can reverse when the usual prey populations decrease to significantly low levels, causing the predators to decrease in population size also. Once this occurs, prey then begin to build up their population numbers and as they do, they prey on their original predators.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","89_8","Why is the reverse of predator and prey roles ?","Predator–prey reversal is a plot theme in numerous books and movies; it is one version of the story of the underdog who comes back from improbable odds and succeeds against a vastly superior foe, from Bram Stoker's Dracula to children's movies such as Monsters University.",0,null,"Why do predators and prey switch roles in an ecosystem ?","The reason a consumer may switch from eating one resource, to eating another, is because it may increase an individual's foraging efficiency and therefore its inclusive fitness. It has been argued that frequency-dependent predation is predicted from optimal foraging theory. In particular the contingency model predicts that in some circumstances the most profitable resource should be eaten at the expense of the less profitable resources, and that this decision is based on the absolute density of the most profitable type of resource. However frequency-dependent predation can occur even when the absolute density of the most profitable resource remains constant. These ultimate mechanisms help to demonstrate how prey switching and apostatic selection fit into overarching ecological theory. In addition there are proximate mechanisms which may account for why an individual preferentially feeds on the most abundant type of prey.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why does the first become the second in the relationship between the populations of prey and predators ?","Predator-Prey Cycles. It is logical to expect the two populations to fluctuate in response to the density of one another. When the prey species is numerous, the number of predators will increase because there is more food to feed them and a higher population can be supported with available resources. As the number of predators begins to increase, the density of the prey population will decrease in response to increased rates of predation.",0,"","Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse ?","Predator–prey reversal is a biological interaction where an organism that is typically prey in the predation interaction instead  acts as the predator. A variety of interactions are considered a role reversal.One type is where the prey confronts its predator and the interaction ends with no feeding. Two competing predators may interact and the larger predator will prey on the smaller. Smaller organisms may prey on larger organisms. Changing population densities may trigger a role reversal. In addition, adult prey may attack juvenile predators.",4,null,75,false,"89_8_CAR_82ea07385a39d8b3e76738d775b5037ac56026cb","CAR_82ea07385a39d8b3e76738d775b5037ac56026cb","89_8_CAR_6a2609cd95317cda9a3e3300a1c748759d29c272","CAR_6a2609cd95317cda9a3e3300a1c748759d29c272","89_8_MARCO_4951014","MARCO_4951014",null,"Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","CAR_75c474e58bdb728896fb0bd474a0f5138846a2d8","89_8_CAR_75c474e58bdb728896fb0bd474a0f5138846a2d8","Predator–prey reversal is a biological interaction where an organism that is typically prey in the predation interaction instead  acts as the predator. A variety of interactions are considered a role reversal.One type is where the prey confronts its predator and the interaction ends with no feeding. Two competing predators may interact and the larger predator will prey on the smaller. Smaller organisms may prey on larger organisms. Changing population densities may trigger a role reversal. In addition, adult prey may attack juvenile predators.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","89_8","Why is the reverse of predator and prey roles ?","Predator–prey reversal is a biological interaction where an organism that is typically prey in the predation interaction instead  acts as the predator. A variety of interactions are considered a role reversal.One type is where the prey confronts its predator and the interaction ends with no feeding. Two competing predators may interact and the larger predator will prey on the smaller. Smaller organisms may prey on larger organisms. Changing population densities may trigger a role reversal. In addition, adult prey may attack juvenile predators.",4,null,"Why do predators and prey switch roles in an ecosystem ?","Algebraic equations and graphs were used to analyze data to reenact predator–prey reversal roles. The conclusion of this experiment showed that roles between species can reverse when the usual prey populations decrease to significantly low levels, causing the predators to decrease in population size also. Once this occurs, prey then begin to build up their population numbers and as they do, they prey on their original predators.",4,"","Why does the first become the second in the relationship between the populations of prey and predators ?","Algebraic equations and graphs were used to analyze data to reenact predator–prey reversal roles. The conclusion of this experiment showed that roles between species can reverse when the usual prey populations decrease to significantly low levels, causing the predators to decrease in population size also. Once this occurs, prey then begin to build up their population numbers and as they do, they prey on their original predators.",4,"","Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse ?","According to Georgia Institute of Technology research, prey and predator roles have cycles where the prey population may increase, thereby causing the predator population to increase as well. But sometimes the predator population overwhelms the prey to the point of devastating the prey population, subsequently resulting in a devastation of the predator population. Some studies indicate that  the roles of each may become reversed to the point that prey begin to eat the predators.",4,null,75,false,"89_8_CAR_75c474e58bdb728896fb0bd474a0f5138846a2d8","CAR_75c474e58bdb728896fb0bd474a0f5138846a2d8","89_8_CAR_e9a143edb9f86d06c3c152951da1ee10453bef18","CAR_e9a143edb9f86d06c3c152951da1ee10453bef18","89_8_CAR_e9a143edb9f86d06c3c152951da1ee10453bef18","CAR_e9a143edb9f86d06c3c152951da1ee10453bef18",null,"Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","CAR_10a90d52de0763ca7d00296ab650eb0e0c0c0d0f","89_8_CAR_10a90d52de0763ca7d00296ab650eb0e0c0c0d0f","According to Georgia Institute of Technology research, prey and predator roles have cycles where the prey population may increase, thereby causing the predator population to increase as well. But sometimes the predator population overwhelms the prey to the point of devastating the prey population, subsequently resulting in a devastation of the predator population. Some studies indicate that  the roles of each may become reversed to the point that prey begin to eat the predators.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","89_9","How does predator plants place in the food chain affect biodiversity ?","Predators are important not only because they create biodiversity, but also because they indicate biodiversity. 9 In addition to regulating natural systems as described above, predators (especially large predators) serve as a measure of the health of communities around them.he importance of this predator impact cannot be overstated, because the composition of plant species in any natural area is an important regulating factor of the ecosystemâ€™s functioning. 3 These impacts are occurring around the clock in every terrestrial and marine ecosystem.",2,null,"Why is the relationship between predators and prey important to an ecosystem ?","This interdependence is important for maintaining the health of ecosystems. Predators help to control prey populations, which in turn protects resources â€“ such as food supplies for plant eating prey animals. It is important to note that there are many contributing factors that affect the balance in an ecosystem.Disease, environmental changes and human involvement also affect the number of predators, prey, and resources.t is important to note that there are many contributing factors that affect the balance in an ecosystem. Disease, environmental changes and human involvement also affect the number of predators, prey, and resources.",2,"","How do prey and predators influence an ecosystem ?","This interdependence is important for maintaining the health of ecosystems. Predators help to control prey populations, which in turn protects resources â€“ such as food supplies for plant eating prey animals. It is important to note that there are many contributing factors that affect the balance in an ecosystem.Disease, environmental changes and human involvement also affect the number of predators, prey, and resources.t is important to note that there are many contributing factors that affect the balance in an ecosystem. Disease, environmental changes and human involvement also affect the number of predators, prey, and resources.",2,"","How does the relationship between predator and prey influence biodiversity ?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",0,null,76,true,"89_9_MARCO_4751487","MARCO_4751487","89_9_MARCO_4751491","MARCO_4751491","89_9_MARCO_4751491","MARCO_4751491",null,"How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","MARCO_3503895","89_9_MARCO_3503895","Predators may increase the biodiversity of communities by preventing a single species from becoming dominant. Such predators are known as keystone species and may have a profound influence on the balance of organisms in a particular ecosystem.  Introduction or removal of this predator, or changes in its population density, can have drastic cascading effects on the equilibrium of many other populations in the ecosystem. For example, grazers of a grassland may prevent a single dominant species from taking over.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","89_9","How does predator plants place in the food chain affect biodiversity ?","Predators may have a secondary interaction (animals in a matrix are easier to catch) 2) Restricted access to food and mates. 3) Edge Effects (see other card) 4) Reduction of biodiversity (see other card) through population decline and extinction.",1,null,"Why is the relationship between predators and prey important to an ecosystem ?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",0,"","How do prey and predators influence an ecosystem ?","Importance: Predators and prey can influence one another's evolution. Traits that enhance a predator's ability to find and capture prey will be selected for in the predator, while traits that enhance the prey's ability to avoid being eaten will be selected for in the prey.",1,"","How does the relationship between predator and prey influence biodiversity ?","The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.",0,null,76,true,"89_9_MARCO_2723938","MARCO_2723938","89_9_MARCO_3503895","MARCO_3503895","89_9_MARCO_4441043","MARCO_4441043",null,"How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","89_9_CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","Importance: Predators and prey can influence one another's evolution. Traits that enhance a predator's ability to find and capture prey will be selected for in the predator, while traits that enhance the prey's ability to avoid being eaten will be selected for in the prey.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","89_9","How does predator plants place in the food chain affect biodiversity ?","The arrival of humans in an area, to live or to conduct agriculture, necessarily has environmental impacts. These range from simple crowding out of wild plants in favor of more desirable cultivars to larger scale impacts such as reducing biodiversity by reducing food availability of native species, which can propagate across food chains. The use of agricultural chemicals such as fertilizer and pesticides magnify those impacts. While advances in agrochemistry have reduced those impacts, for example by the replacement of long-lived chemicals with those that reliably degrade, even in the best case they remain substantial. These effects are magnified by the use of older chemistries and poor management practices.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why is the relationship between predators and prey important to an ecosystem ?","The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.",0,"","How do prey and predators influence an ecosystem ?","Each species in an ecosystem is affected by the other species in that ecosystem. There are very few single prey-single predator relationships. Most prey are consumed by more than one predator, and most predators have more than one prey. Their relationships are also influenced by other environmental factors.  In most cases, if one species is removed from an ecosystem, other species will most likely be affected, up to the point of extinction.",4,"","How does the relationship between predator and prey influence biodiversity ?","Predators may increase the biodiversity of communities by preventing a single species from becoming dominant. Such predators are known as keystone species and may have a profound influence on the balance of organisms in a particular ecosystem.  Introduction or removal of this predator, or changes in its population density, can have drastic cascading effects on the equilibrium of many other populations in the ecosystem. For example, grazers of a grassland may prevent a single dominant species from taking over.",4,null,76,true,"89_9_CAR_deba074506613d2a2657c37ec7ccd7b911723c4d","CAR_deba074506613d2a2657c37ec7ccd7b911723c4d","89_9_CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","89_9_CAR_d468310735178e2618696e99bc12b8d4b788400b","CAR_d468310735178e2618696e99bc12b8d4b788400b",null,"How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","CAR_6133b235d61645802eabbf260f168f173a6f6a05","89_9_CAR_6133b235d61645802eabbf260f168f173a6f6a05","Predators are important not only because they create biodiversity, but also because they indicate biodiversity. 9 In addition to regulating natural systems as described above, predators (especially large predators) serve as a measure of the health of communities around them.he importance of this predator impact cannot be overstated, because the composition of plant species in any natural area is an important regulating factor of the ecosystemâ€™s functioning. 3 These impacts are occurring around the clock in every terrestrial and marine ecosystem.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are examples of apex predators?","89_10","What are some known predators of the Venus flytrap type ?","Most carnivorous plants selectively feed on specific prey. This selection is due to the available prey and the type of trap used by the organism. With the Venus flytrap, prey is limited to beetles, spiders and other crawling arthropods. In fact, the Dionaea diet is 33% ants, 30% spiders, 10% beetles, and 10% grasshoppers, with fewer than 5% flying insects. Given that Dionaea evolved from an ancestral form of Drosera (carnivorous plants that use a sticky trap instead of a snap trap) the reason for this evolutionary branching becomes clear. Whilst Drosera consume smaller, aerial insects, Dionaea consume larger terrestrial bugs. Dionaea are able to extract more nutrients from these larger bugs. This gives Dionaea an evolutionary advantage over their ancestral sticky trap form.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you give me some examples of a predator that switches roles ?","Prey switching can promote coexistence between prey species. For example, prey switching causes predation to be very low for prey which are rare, which can subsequently create prey refugia which will aid coexistence.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some representations of prey and predator in a food chain ?","Those that do the eating or hunting are called predators.. Examples of common predators include lions, bears and foxes. Those that are eaten or hunted are called prey.. Examples of prey animals include zebras, fish and rabbits. Of course, some animals can be considered both predators and prey. For example, a spider hunting for insects is a predator. If a lizard eats the spider, though, it becomes prey.",0,"","What are examples of plants that are predators ?","Zinnias, conversely, attract predators that consume whiteflies, including hummingbirds and predatory wasps and flies. Other plants with a similar function include the hummingbird bush, pineapple sage, and bee balm. Each of these plants also conceals the scent of nearby plants, making their detection by some pest insects more difficult, as do most other mints.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,77,false,"89_10_CAR_22b8b3fa18d9b1f1ba5bc8837323f8173a878d6d","CAR_22b8b3fa18d9b1f1ba5bc8837323f8173a878d6d","89_10_CAR_2c8c62216b1834b38f9a047ff9ecdec552138fe8","CAR_2c8c62216b1834b38f9a047ff9ecdec552138fe8","89_10_MARCO_3761187","MARCO_3761187",null,"What are examples of apex predators?","CAR_66f56c5655650f9c493e872cf5da2ce26ef568ef","89_10_CAR_66f56c5655650f9c493e872cf5da2ce26ef568ef","A now commonly cited example of the effect of apex predators on an ecosystem is the dramatic changes in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem recorded after the gray wolf was reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park in 1995.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are examples of apex predators?","89_10","What are some known predators of the Venus flytrap type ?","The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three \"trigger hairs\", bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the \"teeth\" on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.",0,null,"Can you give me some examples of a predator that switches roles ?","Among predators there is a large degree of specialization. Many predators specialize in hunting only one species of prey. Others are more opportunistic and will kill and eat almost anything (examples: humans, leopards, dogs and alligators). The specialists are usually particularly well suited to capturing their preferred prey. The prey in turn, are often equally suited to escape that predator. This is called an evolutionary arms race and tends to keep the populations of both species in equilibrium. Some predators specialize in certain classes of prey, not just single species. Some will switch to other prey (with varying degrees of success) when the preferred target is extremely scarce, and they may also resort to scavenging or a herbivorous diet if possible.",0,"","What are some representations of prey and predator in a food chain ?","A predator is an organism that eats another organism. The prey is the organism which the predator eats. Some examples of predator and prey are lion and zebra, bear and fish, and fox and rabbit.",0,"","What are examples of plants that are predators ?","One of the largest aquatic plants in the world is the Amazon water lily; one of the smallest is the minute duckweed. Many small aquatic animals use plants like duckweed for a home, or for protection from predators, but areas with more vegetation are likely to have more predators. Some other familiar examples of aquatic plants might include floating heart, water lily, lotus, and water hyacinth.",0,null,77,false,"89_10_CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","89_10_CAR_e59df9d22a5f8556a2989cf15c1f34c4d50a8141","CAR_e59df9d22a5f8556a2989cf15c1f34c4d50a8141","89_10_MARCO_1133718","MARCO_1133718",null,"What are examples of apex predators?","CAR_7ab26eccdff1d17e3acb3c580c387890a60a11e1","89_10_CAR_7ab26eccdff1d17e3acb3c580c387890a60a11e1","Though few reptiles today are apex predators, many examples of apex reptiles have existed in the past. Reptiles have an extremely diverse evolutionary history that has led to biological successes, such as dinosaurs, pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs, and ichthyosaurs.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are examples of apex predators?","89_10","What are some known predators of the Venus flytrap type ?","But among all these plants, two species stand out: the Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) and the waterwheel plant (Aldrovanda vesiculosa). Both are known as snap-traps because they actively hunt animals, snapping shut specially adapted leaves to trap any hapless creature that crosses them.hat is more, they think its possible to trace a series of steps that the Venus flytrap and waterwheel must have undergone to become accomplished hunters. They started by comparing snap-traps with other carnivorous plants known as sticky traps.",0,null,"Can you give me some examples of a predator that switches roles ?","The location and timing of when a consumer feeds can account for switching behaviour. In experiments with Guppies the switching behaviour displayed was due to the choice of patch. Likewise the switching behaviour of stoneflies was due to the time they were active. The formation of a search image may also lead to the consumer switching which prey it eats. Real suggests that a mechanism similar to search image may account for the switching behaviour displayed by Bombus pensylvanicus, however they are reluctant to use the term search image, instead suggesting some kind of perceptual constraint. Prey switching may also occur if the consumer becomes more efficient at capturing the most common type of prey, for example increased practice at capturing the most common prey. This was found to be the case for Anax junius which fed on either mayfly nymphs or tubifex worms. From this Bergelson came up with the rule of thumb that consumers should \"continue to pursue only those prey types you have successfully captured in the immediate past.\"  Prey switching can alter the influence of predation on ecosystem function. For example, predators that switch between feeding on herbivores and detritivores can link green and brown food webs.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some representations of prey and predator in a food chain ?","A predator is an organism that eats another organism. The prey is the organism which the predator eats. Some examples of predator and prey are lion and zebra, bear and fish, and fox and rabbit. predator is an organism that eats another organism. The prey is the organism which the predator eats. Some examples of predator and prey are lion and zebra, bear and fish, and fox and rabbit.",0,"","What are examples of plants that are predators ?","Answer Predators are any animals that hunt and eat other animals (prey). There are some plants, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets â€¦ are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles. Like the guy earlier said, predators are animals that eat other animals, however, the human is not a predator, but an omnivore, which means we eat plant and animal matter.   Something that eats animals.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,77,false,"89_10_MARCO_4023444","MARCO_4023444","89_10_CAR_33f891f0feedf6e77d03127cfd1dbc9f93bfbe19","CAR_33f891f0feedf6e77d03127cfd1dbc9f93bfbe19","89_10_MARCO_3607699","MARCO_3607699",null,"What are examples of apex predators?","MARCO_1712829","89_10_MARCO_1712829","The apex predator concept is commonly applied in wildlife management, conservation and ecotourism. Food chains are often far shorter on land, with their apices usually limited to the third trophic level â€“ for example, giant constrictor snakes, hyenas, varanid lizards, wolves, humans, or big cats preying mostly upon large herbivores.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why would humans be considered apex predators?","89_11","Why are humans considered a predator ?","Humans range from complete vegetarians to nearly-complete carnivores, so the status of humans even as predators is often suspect even if armed humans are extremely dangerous to any animal. When hunting with firearms, dogs, falcons, or such tools as spears, snares, clubs, or fishing gear, humans are at least local superpredators along with their dogs.",2,null,"Are humans predators in an ecosystem ? If so , why ?","Fishing has had a devastating effect on marine organism populations for several centuries even before the explosion of destructive and highly effective fishing practices like trawling. Humans are unique among predators in that they regularly predate on other adult apex predators, particularly in marine environments; bluefin tuna, blue whales, and various sharks in particular are particularly vulnerable to predation pressure from human fishing. A 2016 study published in Science concludes that humans tend to hunt larger species, and this could disrupt ocean ecosystems for millions of years. Jonathan Payne, associate professor and chair of geological sciences at Stanford University, explains: \"If this pattern goes unchecked, the future oceans would lack many of the largest species in today’s oceans. Many large species play critical roles in ecosystems and so their extinctions could lead to ecological cascades that would influence the structure and function of future ecosystems beyond the simple fact of losing those species.\"",4,"","Why are humans considered predators ?","Humans range from complete vegetarians to nearly-complete carnivores, so the status of humans even as predators is often suspect even if armed humans are extremely dangerous to any animal. When hunting with firearms, dogs, falcons, or such tools as spears, snares, clubs, or fishing gear, humans are at least local superpredators along with their dogs.",2,"","Why would humans be considered a predator ?","Humans range from complete vegetarians to nearly-complete carnivores, so the status of humans even as predators is often suspect even if armed humans are extremely dangerous to any animal. When hunting with firearms, dogs, falcons, or such tools as spears, snares, clubs, or fishing gear, humans are at least local superpredators along with their dogs.",2,null,78,true,"89_11_CAR_de8d1043f31a9d2c4dd88bb60969a853874f3f9c","CAR_de8d1043f31a9d2c4dd88bb60969a853874f3f9c","89_11_CAR_c34c2ee7e7948ba6aaa8a3458dc745b96ed98955","CAR_c34c2ee7e7948ba6aaa8a3458dc745b96ed98955","89_11_CAR_de8d1043f31a9d2c4dd88bb60969a853874f3f9c","CAR_de8d1043f31a9d2c4dd88bb60969a853874f3f9c",null,"Why would humans be considered apex predators?","CAR_de8d1043f31a9d2c4dd88bb60969a853874f3f9c","89_11_CAR_de8d1043f31a9d2c4dd88bb60969a853874f3f9c","The question of whether or not homo sapiens qualifies as an apex predator is a complex one that has been subject to various analyses for years. The highly varied environments that human beings have lived in (and continue to live in) coupled with the similarly highly varied behaviors of human cultures towards animals make generalizations particularly difficult; though as omnivores that far and away consume more plant matter than meat, humans have the organized ability to drive other species into extinction as well as threatened status vastly unlike any other animal. The topic has been explored in publications such as the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and Scientific American, with disputed results.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why would humans be considered apex predators?","89_11","Why are humans considered a predator ?","The Predator campaign explains how their species considers the war tactics of the human Marines juvenile. A quote from the intro states: \"We are old, my brother. Our race is few and scattered. Our ancestry lost to myth. The humans are still children, creatures of desire and hubris, with no comprehension of the long hunt. Still, they make good sport. They have discovered a trophy long locked away. They must not be allowed to find the crucible that spawned our most respected prey. If they succeed, all life will succumb to the crawling dark...\".",0,null,"Are humans predators in an ecosystem ? If so , why ?","We have modified and controlled ecosystems and other organisms and like to think that we are in charge. If asked for a more general group, Mammals would contain humans and many of the largest herbivores and top predators in most ecosystems, so that would only make for a stronger case.",0,"","Why are humans considered predators ?","Answer Predators are any animals that hunt and eat other animals (prey). There are some plants, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets â€¦ are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles. Like the guy earlier said, predators are animals that eat other animals, however, the human is not a predator, but an omnivore, which means we eat plant and animal matter.   Something that eats animals.",2,"","Why would humans be considered a predator ?","Answer Predators are any animals that hunt and eat other animals (prey). There are some plants, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets â€¦ are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles. Like the guy earlier said, predators are animals that eat other animals, however, the human is not a predator, but an omnivore, which means we eat plant and animal matter.   Something that eats animals.",2,null,78,true,"89_11_CAR_73958144e3f54bf9b1f4b4170b42cc98187e5525","CAR_73958144e3f54bf9b1f4b4170b42cc98187e5525","89_11_MARCO_858430","MARCO_858430","89_11_MARCO_1712829","MARCO_1712829",null,"Why would humans be considered apex predators?","MARCO_1712829","89_11_MARCO_1712829","It has been noted, in the face of such evidence, Homo sapiens is unique in its ecology as an unprecedented 'global superpredator', regularly preying on large numbers of fully grown terrestrial and marine apex predators, and with a great deal of influence over food webs and climatic systems worldwide.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why would humans be considered apex predators?","89_11","Why are humans considered a predator ?","Answer Predators are any animals that hunt and eat other animals (prey). There are some plants, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets â€¦ are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles. Like the guy earlier said, predators are animals that eat other animals, however, the human is not a predator, but an omnivore, which means we eat plant and animal matter.   Something that eats animals.",2,null,"Are humans predators in an ecosystem ? If so , why ?","Humans range from complete vegetarians to nearly-complete carnivores, so the status of humans even as predators is often suspect even if armed humans are extremely dangerous to any animal. When hunting with firearms, dogs, falcons, or such tools as spears, snares, clubs, or fishing gear, humans are at least local superpredators along with their dogs.",2,"","Why are humans considered predators ?","Predators are any animals that hunt and eat otheranimals ( prey ). There are some plants , such asthe Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and ourpets ar â€¦ e. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions andcrocodiles. predators are psychologically very tiny animals. They are very dumb and people of the lesser world (humans) will think differently but our scientific research shows that predators are idiots a lion hyena a lepoard and algae in the morning",1,"","Why would humans be considered a predator ?","Fishing has had a devastating effect on marine organism populations for several centuries even before the explosion of destructive and highly effective fishing practices like trawling. Humans are unique among predators in that they regularly predate on other adult apex predators, particularly in marine environments; bluefin tuna, blue whales, and various sharks in particular are particularly vulnerable to predation pressure from human fishing. A 2016 study published in Science concludes that humans tend to hunt larger species, and this could disrupt ocean ecosystems for millions of years. Jonathan Payne, associate professor and chair of geological sciences at Stanford University, explains: \"If this pattern goes unchecked, the future oceans would lack many of the largest species in today’s oceans. Many large species play critical roles in ecosystems and so their extinctions could lead to ecological cascades that would influence the structure and function of future ecosystems beyond the simple fact of losing those species.\"",4,null,78,true,"89_11_MARCO_1712829","MARCO_1712829","89_11_CAR_de8d1043f31a9d2c4dd88bb60969a853874f3f9c","CAR_de8d1043f31a9d2c4dd88bb60969a853874f3f9c","89_11_MARCO_8022811","MARCO_8022811",null,"Why would humans be considered apex predators?","CAR_c34c2ee7e7948ba6aaa8a3458dc745b96ed98955","89_11_CAR_c34c2ee7e7948ba6aaa8a3458dc745b96ed98955","Fishing has had a devastating effect on marine organism populations for several centuries even before the explosion of destructive and highly effective fishing practices like trawling. Humans are unique among predators in that they regularly predate on other adult apex predators, particularly in marine environments; bluefin tuna, blue whales, and various sharks in particular are particularly vulnerable to predation pressure from human fishing. A 2016 study published in Science concludes that humans tend to hunt larger species, and this could disrupt ocean ecosystems for millions of years. Jonathan Payne, associate professor and chair of geological sciences at Stanford University, explains: \"If this pattern goes unchecked, the future oceans would lack many of the largest species in today’s oceans. Many large species play critical roles in ecosystems and so their extinctions could lead to ecological cascades that would influence the structure and function of future ecosystems beyond the simple fact of losing those species.\"",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Which is the biggest commercial plane?","90_1","What is the largest passenger jet ?","The world's largest passenger jet, Airbus A380, landed for the first time Monday afternoon at DFW International Airport. The largest passenger jet in the world, the Airbus A380, landed Monday at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport, completing the longest currently flown nonstop route in the world.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What 's the biggest passenger airplane ?","The biggest passenger airplanes in the world. Airbus and Boeing currently build the biggest passenger airplanes in the world, with the mighty Airbus A380-800 and its rival the Boeing 777-300, while Russia's Ilyushin also stands out as the only other company to make the list.",3,"","What is the largest passenger aircraft ?","Take a look at the list of the largest passenger aircraft in the world! The Airbus A340 300 is a passenger airplane made in France. It was first manufactured in 1993 and can accommodate 295 passengers in a single-class seat arrangement and 267 in two-class system.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Which is the biggest commercial plane ?","Perfect landing: The world's biggest passenger plane, the Airbus A380, completes its first commercial flight to Europe at Heathrow Airport today.",4,null,79,false,"90_1_MARCO_3659756","MARCO_3659756","90_1_MARCO_3410741","MARCO_3410741","90_1_MARCO_4811482","MARCO_4811482",null,"Which is the biggest commercial plane?","MARCO_4811476","90_1_MARCO_4811476","Perfect landing: The world's biggest passenger plane, the Airbus A380, completes its first commercial flight to Europe at Heathrow Airport today.",4,null,4,{"$error":"#N/A"},2,{"$nulls":6},4]
["Which is the biggest commercial plane?","90_1","What is the largest passenger jet ?","The world's largest passenger jet, Airbus A380, landed for the first time Monday afternoon at DFW International Airport. (Published Tuesday, Sept. 30, 2014) The largest passenger jet in the world, the Airbus A380, landed Monday at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport, completing the longest currently flown nonstop route in the world.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What 's the biggest passenger airplane ?","The biggest passenger aircraft in the world is the Airbus A380â€“800 with a whopping 79.75 meter wingspan, a 24.09 meter height and a 72.72m length from nose to tail. It can comfortably accommodate over 500 passengers on a journey of about 15700 kilometers!",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What is the largest passenger aircraft ?","The biggest passenger aircraft in the world is the Airbus A380â€“800 with a whopping 79.75 meter wingspan, a 24.09 meter height and a 72.72m length from nose to tail. It can comfortably accommodate over 500 passengers on a journey of about 15700 kilometers!",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"Which is the biggest commercial plane ?","The airliner that holds the current record of highest passenger capacity is the Airbus A380. The Airbus A380 is a four-engine aircraft and is the largest commercial plane in the world. The A380 took the first flight in April 2005 and commercial service began in October 25th, 2007 with Singapore Airlines.",4,null,79,false,"90_1_MARCO_3659759","MARCO_3659759","90_1_MARCO_3046232","MARCO_3046232","90_1_MARCO_3046232","MARCO_3046232",null,"Which is the biggest commercial plane?","MARCO_4698523","90_1_MARCO_4698523","6. Number 6: Boeing 747 - Boeing 747 is the 6th biggest commercial aircraft built in the United States, and not only that the longest passenger aircraft in the globe. This is one of the biggest member of Boeings family possess the huge development and also most sold air craft.",4,null,4,4,4,{"$nulls":6},4]
["Which is the biggest commercial plane?","90_1","What is the largest passenger jet ?","Airbus A380: Taking the Largest Passenger Jet for a Test Drive. Aboard Lufthansa Flight 8942, March 21â€”It took a mere 16 seconds for the largest airplane in the world to lift off runway 4L at JFK International Airport.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What 's the biggest passenger airplane ?","Perfect landing: The world's biggest passenger plane, the Airbus A380, completes its first commercial flight to Europe at Heathrow Airport today.",4,"","What is the largest passenger aircraft ?","Top 10 Largest Passenger Aircraft in The World. Here are the 10 world largest passenger jet aircraft that can transport hundreds of passengers from another side of the world within an hour. The largest one, Airbus A380 celebrates the anniversary of its first flight. Take a look at the list of the largest passenger aircraft in the world! The Airbus A340 300 is a passenger airplane made in France. It was first manufactured in 1993 and can accommodate 295 passengers in a single-class seat arrangement and 267 in two-class system.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"Which is the biggest commercial plane ?","6. Number 6: Boeing 747 - Boeing 747 is the 6th biggest commercial aircraft built in the United States, and not only that the longest passenger aircraft in the globe. This is one of the biggest member of Boeings family possess the huge development and also most sold air craft.",0,null,79,false,"90_1_MARCO_7324507","MARCO_7324507","90_1_MARCO_4811476","MARCO_4811476","90_1_MARCO_3046227","MARCO_3046227",null,"Which is the biggest commercial plane?","MARCO_3123533","90_1_MARCO_3123533","The airliner that holds the current record of highest passenger capacity is the Airbus A380. The Airbus A380 is a four-engine aircraft and is the largest commercial plane in the world. The A380 took the first flight in April 2005 and commercial service began in October 25th, 2007 with Singapore Airlines.",0,null,4,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},4]
["What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","90_2","What are the costs of flying the largest passenger jet ?","The Airbus A380, the largest passenger jet, costs between $26,000 and $29,000 per hour, using roughly $17,467 of fuel, approximately $40.19 to $44.82 per mile. The engines on these aircraft account for 5% of the operating expenses.",4,null,"How much will the biggest passenger airplane cost operationally ?","Operating expenses. Running an airline is an expensive business. The biggest cost is the plane itself. Average passenger jets cost around $50 million to $100 million, larger planes can cost up to $300 million and more. Pilots cost a lot of money too.A pilot with ten years of experience may get a salary of $100,000 and more.udget Airlines-How They Operate. When air travel started in the 20th century it was very expensive. Only the rich people could afford travelling by plane. As time went on better planes were built. They were faster, quieter and could carry more people over longer distances.",0,"","What is the total cost of operating the largest passenger aircraft ?","For each passenger under the maximum amount, add that much more cargo, which earns significantly more per pound than carrying passengers does. All costs added together, an A380 costs about $65,000 per hour to operate. On a 12 hour flight, that's about $780,000.The revenue generated is typically in excess of $1 million.ow much fuel does airbus a380 use in 12 hours flight at what cost? Update: Thanks who, I will fly to Dubai, my business class ticket cost $9543, I think the economy ticket cost about $900.",0,"","What are the operational costs of the biggest commercial plane ?","Compared to the average Turbofan-powered Wide-body Commercial Passenger Plane, which costs $34.16* per nautical mile and 11.38Â¢* per seat per nautical mile to operate, the Airbus A380-800 is: 1  $25.57 more expensive per nautical mile (a 75% premium).",0,null,80,true,"90_2_MARCO_8644317","MARCO_8644317","90_2_MARCO_3956780","MARCO_3956780","90_2_MARCO_2259488","MARCO_2259488",null,"What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","MARCO_5635468","90_2_MARCO_5635468","The Airbus A380, the largest passenger jet, costs between $26,000 and $29,000 per hour, using roughly $17,467 of fuel, approximately $40.19 to $44.82 per mile. The engines on these aircraft account for 5% of the operating expenses.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","90_2","What are the costs of flying the largest passenger jet ?","The Airbus A380, the largest passenger jet, costs between $26,000 and $29,000 per hour, using roughly $17,467 of fuel, approximately $40.19 to $44.82 per mile. The engines on these aircraft account for 5% of the operating expenses.ith limited data on the dual engine widebodies, it appears that the Boeing 767 costs around $9,138.19 per hour to operate, the 777 costs around $8,383.15 per hour, and the Airbus A330 costs around $5937.91 per hour. More engines lead to higher prices.",4,null,"How much will the biggest passenger airplane cost operationally ?","For each passenger under the maximum amount, add that much more cargo, which earns significantly more per pound than carrying passengers does. All costs added together, an A380 costs about $65,000 per hour to operate. On a 12 hour flight, that's about $780,000.The revenue generated is typically in excess of $1 million.ow much fuel does airbus a380 use in 12 hours flight at what cost? Update: Thanks who, I will fly to Dubai, my business class ticket cost $9543, I think the economy ticket cost about $900.",0,"","What is the total cost of operating the largest passenger aircraft ?","Included in the policy is a hull value of $50,000 with standard liability of $100,000 per passenger and maximum liability of $1,000,000. On the other hand, a modern Cirrus SR22 aircraft, valued closer to $600,000, owned and operated by a low-time pilot, might cost $20,000 a year to insure.a). Estimate the cost of the engine and propeller for the airplane of Example 2-1, if its single piston engine is 310 BHP, swings a 6.5 ft constant-speed propeller, and the average cost per avionics suite is $15,000. CPI 2012 = 1.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the operational costs of the biggest commercial plane ?","Compared to the average Turbofan-powered Wide-body Commercial Passenger Plane, which costs $34.16* per nautical mile and 11.38Â¢* per seat per nautical mile to operate, the Airbus A380-800 is: 1  $25.57 more expensive per nautical mile (a 75% premium). 2  0.01Â¢ more expensive per seat per nautical mile (a 0% premium).",0,null,80,true,"90_2_MARCO_1961312","MARCO_1961312","90_2_MARCO_2259488","MARCO_2259488","90_2_MARCO_5567438","MARCO_5567438",null,"What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","MARCO_5635466","90_2_MARCO_5635466","Compared to the average Turbofan-powered Wide-body Commercial Passenger Plane, which costs $34.16* per nautical mile and 11.38Â¢* per seat per nautical mile to operate, the Airbus A380-800 is: 1  $25.57 more expensive per nautical mile (a 75% premium). 2  0.01Â¢ more expensive per seat per nautical mile (a 0% premium).",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","90_2","What are the costs of flying the largest passenger jet ?","The Airbus A380, the largest passenger jet, costs between $26,000 and $29,000 per hour, using roughly $17,467 of fuel, approximately $40.19 to $44.82 per mile. The engines on these aircraft account for 5% of the operating expenses.irect maintenance on the airframe is around $200, engines are around $140, and maintenance burden is around $140, for a total of $480. Also added to this cost is depreciation of $247 and aircraft rental of $216. An average flight on an American Airlines MD-88 costs $4938.5 per hour.",3,null,"How much will the biggest passenger airplane cost operationally ?","Included in the policy is a hull value of $50,000 with standard liability of $100,000 per passenger and maximum liability of $1,000,000. On the other hand, a modern Cirrus SR22 aircraft, valued closer to $600,000, owned and operated by a low-time pilot, might cost $20,000 a year to insure.a). Estimate the cost of the engine and propeller for the airplane of Example 2-1, if its single piston engine is 310 BHP, swings a 6.5 ft constant-speed propeller, and the average cost per avionics suite is $15,000. CPI 2012 = 1.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the total cost of operating the largest passenger aircraft ?","Operating expenses. Running an airline is an expensive business. The biggest cost is the plane itself. Average passenger jets cost around $50 million to $100 million, larger planes can cost up to $300 million and more. Pilots cost a lot of money too.A pilot with ten years of experience may get a salary of $100,000 and more.udget Airlines-How They Operate. When air travel started in the 20th century it was very expensive. Only the rich people could afford travelling by plane. As time went on better planes were built. They were faster, quieter and could carry more people over longer distances.",0,"","What are the operational costs of the biggest commercial plane ?","Compared to the average Turbofan-powered Wide-body Commercial Passenger Plane, which costs $34.16* per nautical mile and 11.38Â¢* per seat per nautical mile to operate, the Airbus A380-800 is: 1  $25.57 more expensive per nautical mile (a 75% premium).2  0.01Â¢ more expensive per seat per nautical mile (a 0% premium).ompared to the average fuel costs for all Commercial aircraft, which are $16.79* per nautical mile and 11.63Â¢* per seat per nautical mile, the Airbus A380-800 costs: 1  $42.93 more expensive per nautical mile (a 256% premium). 2  0.24Â¢ less per seat per nautical mile (a 2.1% margin).",0,null,80,true,"90_2_MARCO_7058396","MARCO_7058396","90_2_MARCO_5567438","MARCO_5567438","90_2_MARCO_3956780","MARCO_3956780",null,"What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","MARCO_2259494","90_2_MARCO_2259494","Compared to the average Turbofan-powered Wide-body Commercial Passenger Plane, which costs $34.16* per nautical mile and 11.38Â¢* per seat per nautical mile to operate, the Airbus A380-800 is: 1  $25.57 more expensive per nautical mile (a 75% premium).",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","90_3","What is the largest passenger jet 's average fuel need ? How does the largest passenger jet compare to its competitors ?","The Airbus A380, the largest passenger jet, costs between $26,000 and $29,000 per hour, using roughly $17,467 of fuel, approximately $40.19 to $44.82 per mile. The engines on these aircraft account for 5% of the operating expenses.",0,null,"How does the fuel efficiency of the biggest passenger airplane compare to other airliners in the same class ?","Passenger airplanes averaged 4.8 l/100 km per passenger (1.4 MJ/passenger-km) (49 passenger-miles per gallon) in 1998. Note that on average 20% of seats are left unoccupied. Jet aircraft efficiencies are improving: Between 1960 and 2000 there was a 55% overall fuel efficiency gain (if one were to exclude the inefficient and limited fleet of the DH Comet 4 and to consider the Boeing 707 as the base case). Most of the improvements in efficiency were gained in the first decade when jet craft first came into widespread commercial use. Compared to advanced piston engine airliners of the 1950s, current jet airliners are only marginally more efficient per passenger-mile. Between 1971 and 1998 the fleet-average annual improvement per available seat-kilometre was estimated at 2.4%. Concorde the supersonic transport managed about 17 passenger-miles to the Imperial gallon; similar to a business jet, but much worse than a subsonic turbofan aircraft. Airbus puts the fuel rate consumption of their A380 at less than 3 l/100 km per passenger (78 passenger-miles per US gallon).",3,"","How does the largest passenger aircraft 's fuel economy perform compared to its competitors ?","The sum of all these features promised better fuel consumption by more than 60% compared to any existing large passenger aircraft technology at the time.  \"Efficiency\" was the key theme. The 7J7 was to have a twin-aisle (2+2+2) seating configuration, giving an unprecedented wide and spacious cabin for its class, with no passenger more than one seat from an aisle.",0,"","How does the biggest commercial plane 's fuel consumption compare to its competitors ?","The sum of all these features promised better fuel consumption by more than 60% compared to any existing large passenger aircraft technology at the time.  \"Efficiency\" was the key theme. The 7J7 was to have a twin-aisle (2+2+2) seating configuration, giving an unprecedented wide and spacious cabin for its class, with no passenger more than one seat from an aisle.",0,null,81,false,"90_3_MARCO_8644317","MARCO_8644317","90_3_CAR_34e5cf8110f5b9b2f88286dc55f7c39f4a56c0d3","CAR_34e5cf8110f5b9b2f88286dc55f7c39f4a56c0d3","90_3_CAR_f66495c81405c4084cdf6edc6082ce2129e4ecfa","CAR_f66495c81405c4084cdf6edc6082ce2129e4ecfa",null,"How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","CAR_f66495c81405c4084cdf6edc6082ce2129e4ecfa","90_3_CAR_f66495c81405c4084cdf6edc6082ce2129e4ecfa","Rival performance claims by Airbus and Boeing appear to be contradictory, their methodologies unclear and neither are validated by a third party source.  Boeing claims the 747-8I to be over 10% lighter per seat and have 11% less fuel consumption per passenger, with a trip-cost reduction of 21% and a seat-mile cost reduction of more than 6%, compared to the A380. The 747-8F's empty weight is expected to be 80 tonnes (88 tons) lighter and 24% lower fuel burnt per ton with 21% lower trip costs and 23% lower ton-mile costs than the A380F. On the other hand, Airbus claims the A380 to have 8% less fuel consumption per passenger than the 747-8I and in 2007 Singapore Airlines CEO Chew Choong Seng stated the A380 was performing better than both the airline and Airbus had anticipated, burning 20% less fuel per passenger than the airline's 747-400 fleet. Emirates' Tim Clark also claims that the A380 is more fuel economic at Mach 0.86 than at 0.83. One independent, industry analysis shows fuel consumption in litres per seat per 100 kilometres flown (L/seat/100 km) as 3.27 for the A380 and 3.35 for the B747-8I, or a fuel cost per seat mile of $0.055 and $0.057 respectively. A possible, as yet uncommitted, re-engined A380neo is expected to achieve  2.82 or 2.65 L/seat/100 km depending on the options taken.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","90_3","What is the largest passenger jet 's average fuel need ? How does the largest passenger jet compare to its competitors ?","The Airbus A380, the largest passenger jet, costs between $26,000 and $29,000 per hour, using roughly $17,467 of fuel, approximately $40.19 to $44.82 per mile. The engines on these aircraft account for 5% of the operating expenses.ith limited data on the dual engine widebodies, it appears that the Boeing 767 costs around $9,138.19 per hour to operate, the 777 costs around $8,383.15 per hour, and the Airbus A330 costs around $5937.91 per hour. More engines lead to higher prices.",3,null,"How does the fuel efficiency of the biggest passenger airplane compare to other airliners in the same class ?","The sum of all these features promised better fuel consumption by more than 60% compared to any existing large passenger aircraft technology at the time.  \"Efficiency\" was the key theme. The 7J7 was to have a twin-aisle (2+2+2) seating configuration, giving an unprecedented wide and spacious cabin for its class, with no passenger more than one seat from an aisle.",0,"","How does the largest passenger aircraft 's fuel economy perform compared to its competitors ?","Rival performance claims by Airbus and Boeing appear to be contradictory, their methodologies unclear and neither are validated by a third party source.  Boeing claims the 747-8I to be over 10% lighter per seat and have 11% less fuel consumption per passenger, with a trip-cost reduction of 21% and a seat-mile cost reduction of more than 6%, compared to the A380. The 747-8F's empty weight is expected to be 80 tonnes (88 tons) lighter and 24% lower fuel burnt per ton with 21% lower trip costs and 23% lower ton-mile costs than the A380F. On the other hand, Airbus claims the A380 to have 8% less fuel consumption per passenger than the 747-8I and in 2007 Singapore Airlines CEO Chew Choong Seng stated the A380 was performing better than both the airline and Airbus had anticipated, burning 20% less fuel per passenger than the airline's 747-400 fleet. Emirates' Tim Clark also claims that the A380 is more fuel economic at Mach 0.86 than at 0.83. One independent, industry analysis shows fuel consumption in litres per seat per 100 kilometres flown (L/seat/100 km) as 3.27 for the A380 and 3.35 for the B747-8I, or a fuel cost per seat mile of $0.055 and $0.057 respectively. A possible, as yet uncommitted, re-engined A380neo is expected to achieve  2.82 or 2.65 L/seat/100 km depending on the options taken.",0,"","How does the biggest commercial plane 's fuel consumption compare to its competitors ?","Compared to the average Turbofan-powered Wide-body Commercial Passenger Plane, which costs $34.16* per nautical mile and 11.38Â¢* per seat per nautical mile to operate, the Airbus A380-800 is: 1  $25.57 more expensive per nautical mile (a 75% premium).2  0.01Â¢ more expensive per seat per nautical mile (a 0% premium).ompared to the average fuel costs for all Commercial aircraft, which are $16.79* per nautical mile and 11.63Â¢* per seat per nautical mile, the Airbus A380-800 costs: 1  $42.93 more expensive per nautical mile (a 256% premium). 2  0.24Â¢ less per seat per nautical mile (a 2.1% margin).",3,null,81,false,"90_3_MARCO_1961312","MARCO_1961312","90_3_CAR_f66495c81405c4084cdf6edc6082ce2129e4ecfa","CAR_f66495c81405c4084cdf6edc6082ce2129e4ecfa","90_3_CAR_cf435ec8bb05cd7b2a59723327748b449f5e396d","CAR_cf435ec8bb05cd7b2a59723327748b449f5e396d",null,"How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","MARCO_2259494","90_3_MARCO_2259494","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","90_3","What is the largest passenger jet 's average fuel need ? How does the largest passenger jet compare to its competitors ?","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",1,null,"How does the fuel efficiency of the biggest passenger airplane compare to other airliners in the same class ?","Jet aircraft efficiency is improving: Between 1960 and 2000 there was a 55% overall fuel efficiency gain (if one were to consider the Boeing 707 as the base case). Most of the improvements in efficiency were gained in the first decade when jet craft first came into widespread commercial use. Between 1971 and 1998 the fleet-average annual improvement per available seat-kilometre was estimated at 2.4%. Concorde the supersonic transport managed about 17 passenger-miles to the Imperial gallon, which is 16.7 L/100 km per passenger; similar to a business jet, but much worse than a subsonic turbofan aircraft. Airbus states a fuel rate consumption of their A380 at less than 3 L/100 km per passenger (78 passenger-miles per US gallon), however this is for an unspecified number and configuration of seats. The maximum configuration is 850 economy passengers, but with a typical 525-seat multi-class configuration the fuel consumption is \"comparable to that of a B747-400 ER and even about 15% worse than a B777-300ER on a passenger-mile basis.\"",0,"","How does the largest passenger aircraft 's fuel economy perform compared to its competitors ?","New records in airliner size, fuel economy, and passenger comfort with the Airbus A380 and the Boeing 787. Also explores the wisdom of space airliner travel.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How does the biggest commercial plane 's fuel consumption compare to its competitors ?","Fuel consumption compares favorably to most competitors.",0,null,81,false,"90_3_CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","90_3_CAR_31732e7a905d138e9ec5b80520492f9177acf4bd","CAR_31732e7a905d138e9ec5b80520492f9177acf4bd","90_3_CAR_cb3553bc4b69ddfab692b7586f09601a5a2bc864","CAR_cb3553bc4b69ddfab692b7586f09601a5a2bc864",null,"How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","CAR_ee0c71c1fed013457b9d61225335bad4d504baba","90_3_CAR_ee0c71c1fed013457b9d61225335bad4d504baba","Jet aircraft efficiency is improving: Between 1960 and 2000 there was a 55% overall fuel efficiency gain (if one were to consider the Boeing 707 as the base case). Most of the improvements in efficiency were gained in the first decade when jet craft first came into widespread commercial use. Between 1971 and 1998 the fleet-average annual improvement per available seat-kilometre was estimated at 2.4%. Concorde the supersonic transport managed about 17 passenger-miles to the Imperial gallon, which is 16.7 L/100 km per passenger; similar to a business jet, but much worse than a subsonic turbofan aircraft. Airbus states a fuel rate consumption of their A380 at less than 3 L/100 km per passenger (78 passenger-miles per US gallon), however this is for an unspecified number and configuration of seats. The maximum configuration is 850 economy passengers, but with a typical 525-seat multi-class configuration the fuel consumption is \"comparable to that of a B747-400 ER and even about 15% worse than a B777-300ER on a passenger-mile basis.\"",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","90_4","How are the freighter models different from each other ?","Lake freighters built for the Great Lakes in North America differ in design from sea water going ships because of the difference in wave size and frequency in the lakes. A number of these ships are larger than Seawaymax and cannot leave the lakes and pass to the Atlantic Ocean, since they do not fit the locks on the Saint Lawrence Seaway.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you compare the two cargo plane versions of the biggest passenger airplane ?","A number of the biggest cargo planes in the world are variations of the Boeing 747. The 747-8 Freighter, a cargo version of the passenger 747-8 Intercontinental, is actually a heavier planeâ€”with an almost 900,000-pound maximum takeoff weight.",0,"","How do the cargo configurations of the two largest passenger aircrafts compare ?","The largest civilian airplanes, apart from the above-noted An-225 and An-124, are the French Airbus Beluga cargo transport derivative of the Airbus A300 jet airliner, the American Boeing Dreamlifter cargo transport derivative of the Boeing 747 jet  airliner/transport (the 747-200B was, at its creation in the 1960s, the heaviest aircraft ever built, with a maximum weight of 836,000 pounds (over 400 tons)), and the double-decker French Airbus A380 \"super-jumbo\" jet airliner (the world's largest passenger airliner).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do the freighter versions of the biggest commercial plane compare to each other ?","When the Airbus A380 was announced, the maker originally accepted orders for the freighter version A380F, offering the second largest payload capacity of any cargo aircraft, exceeded only by the An-225. An aerospace consultant has estimated that the A380F would have 7% better payload and better range than the 747-8F, but also higher trip costs. As of September 2016, Airbus had received 319 firm orders and delivered 195 aircraft; Emirates is the biggest A380 customer with 142 ordered of which 83 have been delivered. Thai Airways International, British Airways, Qantas, Asiana Airlines, Qatar Airways, Etihad Airways and Air France are other operators.",0,null,82,true,"90_4_CAR_2ebcf718b4ef78494a5f603b2b16e8b4b68a81cd","CAR_2ebcf718b4ef78494a5f603b2b16e8b4b68a81cd","90_4_MARCO_20480","MARCO_20480","90_4_CAR_577d7b0c07cd4824de44eab66de0790a518da2a1","CAR_577d7b0c07cd4824de44eab66de0790a518da2a1",null,"How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","CAR_ff02c2bbf7f242af3851f428af7f32121c42807b","90_4_CAR_ff02c2bbf7f242af3851f428af7f32121c42807b","Airbus originally accepted orders for the freighter version, offering the largest payload capacity of any cargo aircraft in production, exceeded only by the single Antonov An-225 Mriya in service. An aerospace consultant has estimated that the A380F would have 7% better payload and better range than the 747-8F, but also higher trip costs. However, production has been suspended until the A380 production lines have settled with no firm availability date. In 2015 Airbus removed A380F from the range of freighters on the corporate website. Its maximum payload should be  and its range .",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","90_4","How are the freighter models different from each other ?","The Eagle became an iconic design in the 1970s, and inspired toys and model kits from various manufacturers. Between 1975 and 1980, Dinky Toys manufactured two well-detailed die-cast Eagle toys, each with different modules and colouring. The Transporter was fairly faithful to the version seen on the show, with the exception of the colouring which consisted of a green main body and a white transporter pod. The Freighter pod, while not accurate to those seen on the show, was inspired by the winch pod. The first edition Freighters came with the main Eagle painted a more correct white, while the waste container carrying pod was painted red. In later editions the Freighter Eagle was changed to blue with a white pod. The Transporter retained the incorrect green/white colour combination for the entire run. Airfix released self-assembly model kits around the same time. In the United States, LJN Toys also manufactured smaller versions in the 1970s, and the company Centuri released a rocket-powered \"flying\" Eagle Transporter kit. In more recent years, toy/model Eagles have been manufactured by other companies, including Product Enterprise and Iconic Replicas.",0,null,"Can you compare the two cargo plane versions of the biggest passenger airplane ?","The largest civilian airplanes, apart from the above-noted An-225 and An-124, are the French Airbus Beluga cargo transport derivative of the Airbus A300 jet airliner, the American Boeing Dreamlifter cargo transport derivative of the Boeing 747 jet  airliner/transport (the 747-200B was, at its creation in the 1960s, the heaviest aircraft ever built, with a maximum weight of 836,000 pounds (over 400 tons)), and the double-decker French Airbus A380 \"super-jumbo\" jet airliner (the world's largest passenger airliner).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do the cargo configurations of the two largest passenger aircrafts compare ?","Boeing Commercial Airplanes announced on October 13, 2003 that, due to the length of time required by land and marine shipping, air transport will be the primary method of transporting parts for the Boeing 787 Dreamliner (then known as the 7E7). Initially, three used passenger 747-400 aircraft were to be converted into an outsize configuration in order to ferry sub-assemblies from Japan and Italy to North Charleston, South Carolina, and then to Washington state for final assembly, but a fourth was subsequently added to the program. The Large Cargo Freighter has a bulging fuselage similar in concept to the Super Guppy and Airbus A300-600ST Beluga outsize cargo aircraft, which are also used for transporting wings and fuselage sections. At 65,000 cubic feet (1,840 cubic meters) the cargo hold is the largest in the world, and it can hold three times the volume of a 747-400F freighter.",0,"","How do the freighter versions of the biggest commercial plane compare to each other ?","Demand has been chiefly for the 747-8F, which accounts for the majority of 747-8 aircraft ordered. The large capacity of the 747-8 is an advantage for the freighter version, not the passenger version.  Moreover, the freighter has no direct competitor. Airbus' competing A380 freighter version was canceled during development.",0,null,82,true,"90_4_CAR_737202484cb9ff05ce9e6e2d446136d7db917340","CAR_737202484cb9ff05ce9e6e2d446136d7db917340","90_4_CAR_577d7b0c07cd4824de44eab66de0790a518da2a1","CAR_577d7b0c07cd4824de44eab66de0790a518da2a1","90_4_CAR_97de01bc41a2ebe7dccf0522ffa02325b9eb15bf","CAR_97de01bc41a2ebe7dccf0522ffa02325b9eb15bf",null,"How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","CAR_687dbe2b9fdc8a67aa3fdc1895f5a8c0fdac26d8","90_4_CAR_687dbe2b9fdc8a67aa3fdc1895f5a8c0fdac26d8","The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747. The Airbus A380 has a wingspan that is 15m longer to that of the 747. It is also about 50% heavier than the 747 even when empty.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","90_4","How are the freighter models different from each other ?","There are two basic models: standard and S. The standard model has brushed front forks while the S model has chromed front forks. The two models also have different paint colors.  Each year the standard model color has changed. Some years the S model has retained the same color, though always different from the standard model. This is most noted in the \"Midnight\" version of the S model that featured Raven (black with silver metallic) paint.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you compare the two cargo plane versions of the biggest passenger airplane ?","They could have taken off and landed on the wings of the worldâ€™s biggest cargo plane. The An-225 Cossack aircraft (wingspan 291 feet, 2 inches) was built to transport the Soviet Unionâ€™s Buran orbiter, their equivalent of the U.S. Space Shuttle. Only two were ever made, and just one is still flying. The Buran is the kind of load the worldâ€™s biggest aircraft are called on to haul.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do the cargo configurations of the two largest passenger aircrafts compare ?","A number of the biggest cargo planes in the world are variations of the Boeing 747. The 747-8 Freighter, a cargo version of the passenger 747-8 Intercontinental, is actually a heavier planeâ€”with an almost 900,000-pound maximum takeoff weight.",0,"","How do the freighter versions of the biggest commercial plane compare to each other ?","As the aircraft promises improved operating economics compared to older freighters, airlines have viewed the 777F as a replacement for freighters such as the 747-200F, MD-10, and MD-11F.  The first 777F was delivered to Air France on February 19, 2009. As of November 2016, 128 freighters had been delivered to 16 different customers, with 30 unfilled orders.  Operators had 123 of the 777F in service as of July 2016.",0,null,82,true,"90_4_CAR_cdf0de29366a577ecd03d33953d7d4e2364a4c4e","CAR_cdf0de29366a577ecd03d33953d7d4e2364a4c4e","90_4_MARCO_1536648","MARCO_1536648","90_4_MARCO_20480","MARCO_20480",null,"How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","CAR_5c5ecd63ae5d9a29669c17d1c41355c5bfe48be3","90_4_CAR_5c5ecd63ae5d9a29669c17d1c41355c5bfe48be3","The A380 is the latest and biggest plane from Airbus while the 747 has been Boeingâ€™s flagship for quite some time. The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747. The Airbus A380 has a wingspan that is 15m longer to that of the 747.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","90_5","Why is the A380 discontinued ?","On 11 December 2014, after slower than expected orders for the aircraft in 2014, Harald Wilhelm, the company's Chief Finance Officer, voiced the possibility to end the program in 2018. His statement was met by protests from customers and a fall in share prices. Airbus responded to the protests by playing down the possibility the A380 would be abandoned, instead emphasizing that enhancing the airplane was a likelier scenario.  On 22 December 2014, CEO Fabrice Brégier ruled out the cancellation of the A380 program, stating that it will break even in 2015 but also that the A380 was introduced a decade too early. While no longer losing money on each plane sold, Airbus admits that the company will never recoup the $25 billion investment it made in the project.",4,null,"Why was the A380 discontinued ?","On 11 December 2014, after slower than expected orders for the aircraft in 2014, Harald Wilhelm, the company's Chief Finance Officer, voiced the possibility to end the program in 2018. His statement was met by protests from customers and a fall in share prices. Airbus responded to the protests by playing down the possibility the A380 would be abandoned, instead emphasizing that enhancing the airplane was a likelier scenario.  On 22 December 2014, CEO Fabrice Brégier ruled out the cancellation of the A380 program, stating that it will break even in 2015 but also that the A380 was introduced a decade too early. While no longer losing money on each plane sold, Airbus admits that the company will never recoup the $25 billion investment it made in the project.",4,"","Why did the A380 stop production ?","In October 2006, Rolls-Royce suspended production of its Trent 900 engine because of delays by Airbus on the delivery of the A380 superjumbo. Rolls-Royce announced in October 2007 that production of the Trent 900 had been restarted after a twelve-month suspension caused by delays to the A380.",0,"","Why did the A380 stop being produced ?","In October 2006, Rolls-Royce suspended production of its Trent 900 engine because of delays by Airbus on the delivery of the A380 superjumbo. Rolls-Royce announced in October 2007 that production of the Trent 900 had been restarted after a twelve-month suspension caused by delays to the A380.",0,null,83,false,"90_5_CAR_ffd5cecd30344df1ce750f82ac9cdd753d60d9cf","CAR_ffd5cecd30344df1ce750f82ac9cdd753d60d9cf","90_5_CAR_ffd5cecd30344df1ce750f82ac9cdd753d60d9cf","CAR_ffd5cecd30344df1ce750f82ac9cdd753d60d9cf","90_5_CAR_a343138a8d8e483e1e95b23321cfa9a2830242d7","CAR_a343138a8d8e483e1e95b23321cfa9a2830242d7",null,"Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","CAR_a343138a8d8e483e1e95b23321cfa9a2830242d7","90_5_CAR_a343138a8d8e483e1e95b23321cfa9a2830242d7","In October 2006, Rolls-Royce suspended production of its Trent 900 engine because of delays by Airbus on the delivery of the A380 superjumbo. Rolls-Royce announced in October 2007 that production of the Trent 900 had been restarted after a twelve-month suspension caused by delays to the A380.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","90_5","Why is the A380 discontinued ?","On 11 December 2014 at the annual Airbus Investor Day forum Airbus CEO controversially announced that \"We will one day launch an A380neo and one day launch a stretched A380\" following speculation sparked by Airbus CFO Harald Wilhelm that Airbus could axe the A380 ahead of its time due to softening demand.  On 15 June 2015, John Leahy, Airbus's chief operating officer for customers, stated Airbus was looking at the A380-900 programme again. Airbus's newest concept is a stretch of the A380-800 offering 50 seats more, not 100 as originally envisaged. The stretch would be tied to a potential re-engining of the A380-800. According to FlightGlobal, an A380-900 would make better use of the A380's existing wing.",0,null,"Why was the A380 discontinued ?","On 11 December 2014 at the annual Airbus Investor Day forum Airbus CEO controversially announced that \"We will one day launch an A380neo and one day launch a stretched A380\" following speculation sparked by Airbus CFO Harald Wilhelm that Airbus could axe the A380 ahead of its time due to softening demand.  On 15 June 2015, John Leahy, Airbus's chief operating officer for customers, stated Airbus was looking at the A380-900 programme again. Airbus's newest concept is a stretch of the A380-800 offering 50 seats more, not 100 as originally envisaged. The stretch would be tied to a potential re-engining of the A380-800. According to FlightGlobal, an A380-900 would make better use of the A380's existing wing.",0,"","Why did the A380 stop production ?","As of December 2015, Airbus has 319 orders for the passenger version of the A380 and is not currently offering the A380-800 freighter. Production of the A380F has been suspended until the A380 production lines have settled with no firm availability date.  A number of original A380F orders were cancelled following delays to the A380 program in October 2006, notably FedEx and the United Parcel Service.  Some A380 launch customers converted their A380F orders to the passenger version or switched to the 747-8F or  777F aircraft.",1,"","Why did the A380 stop being produced ?","As of December 2015, Airbus has 319 orders for the passenger version of the A380 and is not currently offering the A380-800 freighter. Production of the A380F has been suspended until the A380 production lines have settled with no firm availability date.  A number of original A380F orders were cancelled following delays to the A380 program in October 2006, notably FedEx and the United Parcel Service.  Some A380 launch customers converted their A380F orders to the passenger version or switched to the 747-8F or  777F aircraft.",1,null,83,false,"90_5_CAR_cf63d641733c056777b3f58504a51aa0483d3328","CAR_cf63d641733c056777b3f58504a51aa0483d3328","90_5_CAR_cf63d641733c056777b3f58504a51aa0483d3328","CAR_cf63d641733c056777b3f58504a51aa0483d3328","90_5_CAR_6497306a48ec3696f43b8f57d5441356b99aab12","CAR_6497306a48ec3696f43b8f57d5441356b99aab12",null,"Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","CAR_6497306a48ec3696f43b8f57d5441356b99aab12","90_5_CAR_6497306a48ec3696f43b8f57d5441356b99aab12","On 11 December 2014, after slower than expected orders for the aircraft in 2014, Harald Wilhelm, the company's Chief Finance Officer, voiced the possibility to end the program in 2018. His statement was met by protests from customers and a fall in share prices. Airbus responded to the protests by playing down the possibility the A380 would be abandoned, instead emphasizing that enhancing the airplane was a likelier scenario.  On 22 December 2014, CEO Fabrice Brégier ruled out the cancellation of the A380 program, stating that it will break even in 2015 but also that the A380 was introduced a decade too early. While no longer losing money on each plane sold, Airbus admits that the company will never recoup the $25 billion investment it made in the project.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","90_5","Why is the A380 discontinued ?","In October 2006, Rolls-Royce suspended production of its Trent 900 engine because of delays by Airbus on the delivery of the A380 superjumbo. Rolls-Royce announced in October 2007 that production of the Trent 900 had been restarted after a twelve-month suspension caused by delays to the A380.",0,null,"Why was the A380 discontinued ?","In October 2006, Rolls-Royce suspended production of its Trent 900 engine because of delays by Airbus on the delivery of the A380 superjumbo. Rolls-Royce announced in October 2007 that production of the Trent 900 had been restarted after a twelve-month suspension caused by delays to the A380.",0,"","Why did the A380 stop production ?","On 11 December 2014, after slower than expected orders for the aircraft in 2014, Harald Wilhelm, the company's Chief Finance Officer, voiced the possibility to end the program in 2018. His statement was met by protests from customers and a fall in share prices. Airbus responded to the protests by playing down the possibility the A380 would be abandoned, instead emphasizing that enhancing the airplane was a likelier scenario.  On 22 December 2014, CEO Fabrice Brégier ruled out the cancellation of the A380 program, stating that it will break even in 2015 but also that the A380 was introduced a decade too early. While no longer losing money on each plane sold, Airbus admits that the company will never recoup the $25 billion investment it made in the project.",4,"","Why did the A380 stop being produced ?","On 11 December 2014, after slower than expected orders for the aircraft in 2014, Harald Wilhelm, the company's Chief Finance Officer, voiced the possibility to end the program in 2018. His statement was met by protests from customers and a fall in share prices. Airbus responded to the protests by playing down the possibility the A380 would be abandoned, instead emphasizing that enhancing the airplane was a likelier scenario.  On 22 December 2014, CEO Fabrice Brégier ruled out the cancellation of the A380 program, stating that it will break even in 2015 but also that the A380 was introduced a decade too early. While no longer losing money on each plane sold, Airbus admits that the company will never recoup the $25 billion investment it made in the project.",4,null,83,false,"90_5_CAR_a343138a8d8e483e1e95b23321cfa9a2830242d7","CAR_a343138a8d8e483e1e95b23321cfa9a2830242d7","90_5_CAR_a343138a8d8e483e1e95b23321cfa9a2830242d7","CAR_a343138a8d8e483e1e95b23321cfa9a2830242d7","90_5_CAR_ffd5cecd30344df1ce750f82ac9cdd753d60d9cf","CAR_ffd5cecd30344df1ce750f82ac9cdd753d60d9cf",null,"Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","CAR_ffd5cecd30344df1ce750f82ac9cdd753d60d9cf","90_5_CAR_ffd5cecd30344df1ce750f82ac9cdd753d60d9cf","On 13 May 2008, Airbus announced reduced deliveries for the years 2008 (12) and 2009 (21). After further manufacturing setbacks, Airbus announced its plan to deliver 14 A380s in 2009, down from the previously revised target of 18. A total of 10 A380s were delivered in 2009. In 2010 Airbus delivered 18 of the expected 20 A380s, due to Rolls-Royce engine availability problems. Airbus planned to deliver \"between 20 and 25\" A380s in 2011 before ramping up to three a month in 2012. In fact, Airbus delivered 26 units, thus outdoing its predicted output for the first time. , production was 3 aircraft per month. Among the production problems are challenging interiors, interiors being installed sequentially rather than concurrently as in smaller planes, and union/government objections to streamlining.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","90_6","What was Boeing 's counter to the battle against the A380 ?","The A320 has been selected by 222 operators (Dec. 2008), among these several low-cost operators, gaining ground against the previously well established 737 in this sector; it has also been selected as a replacement for 727s and aging 737s by many full-service airlines such as Star Alliance members United Airlines, Air Canada and Lufthansa. After dominating the very large aircraft market for four decades, the Boeing 747 now faces a challenge from the A380. In response, Boeing now offer the stretched and updated 747-8, with greater capacity, fuel efficiency, and longer range. Frequent delays to the Airbus A380 program caused several customers to consider cancelling their orders in favour of the refreshed 747-8. However, all orders for the A380F freight variant have been cancelled. To date, Boeing has secured orders for 78 747-8F and 51 747-8I aircraft with first deliveries originally scheduled for 2011 and 2012 as the 747-8I is only in service with Lufthansa, while Airbus has orders for 318 A380s, the first of which entered service in 2007 and has delivered a total of 152 to customers (as of December 31, 2014).",3,null,"What was Boeing 's response to the A380 's competition ?","The A320 has been selected by 222 operators (Dec. 2008), among these several low-cost operators, gaining ground against the previously well established 737 in this sector; it has also been selected as a replacement for 727s and aging 737s by many full-service airlines such as Star Alliance members United Airlines, Air Canada and Lufthansa. After dominating the very large aircraft market for four decades, the Boeing 747 now faces a challenge from the A380. In response, Boeing now offer the stretched and updated 747-8, with greater capacity, fuel efficiency, and longer range. Frequent delays to the Airbus A380 program caused several customers to consider cancelling their orders in favour of the refreshed 747-8. However, all orders for the A380F freight variant have been cancelled. To date, Boeing has secured orders for 78 747-8F and 51 747-8I aircraft with first deliveries originally scheduled for 2011 and 2012 as the 747-8I is only in service with Lufthansa, while Airbus has orders for 318 A380s, the first of which entered service in 2007 and has delivered a total of 152 to customers (as of December 31, 2014).",3,"","What strategy did Boeing use in the competition with the A380 ?","In contrast, the airline strategy of frequency (offering multiple flights between the same two cities at different times of day) typically relies on smaller aircraft. United Airlines told Reuters that it follows this strategy because it offers business travelers more choices. Moreover, United's Chief Financial Officer observed that the airline's Boeing 787 Dreamliners operate at a lower trip cost than the A380. Hence, the A380 \"just doesn't really work for us.\" Operators Air France and China Southern have found that the A380's capacity is too large for some markets; China Southern has faced mounting losses on A380 operations out of its Guangzhou hub, although Emirates' Tim Clark sees a large potential for Asian A380-users, and criticised Airbus' marketing efforts. In 2013, Air France withdrew A380 services to Singapore and Montreal and switched to smaller aircraft.",0,"","What was Boeing 's response to compete with the A380 ?","The A320 has been selected by 222 operators (Dec. 2008), among these several low-cost operators, gaining ground against the previously well established 737 in this sector; it has also been selected as a replacement for 727s and aging 737s by many full-service airlines such as Star Alliance members United Airlines, Air Canada and Lufthansa. After dominating the very large aircraft market for four decades, the Boeing 747 now faces a challenge from the A380. In response, Boeing now offer the stretched and updated 747-8, with greater capacity, fuel efficiency, and longer range. Frequent delays to the Airbus A380 program caused several customers to consider cancelling their orders in favour of the refreshed 747-8. However, all orders for the A380F freight variant have been cancelled. To date, Boeing has secured orders for 78 747-8F and 51 747-8I aircraft with first deliveries originally scheduled for 2011 and 2012 as the 747-8I is only in service with Lufthansa, while Airbus has orders for 318 A380s, the first of which entered service in 2007 and has delivered a total of 152 to customers (as of December 31, 2014).",3,null,84,true,"90_6_CAR_e2bddcdd987cdaeddef4ec2bcfb637d022267cd5","CAR_e2bddcdd987cdaeddef4ec2bcfb637d022267cd5","90_6_CAR_e2bddcdd987cdaeddef4ec2bcfb637d022267cd5","CAR_e2bddcdd987cdaeddef4ec2bcfb637d022267cd5","90_6_CAR_bd8fa10a7620f9246f1ff71b1940659bc2664a9c","CAR_bd8fa10a7620f9246f1ff71b1940659bc2664a9c",null,"What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","CAR_e2bddcdd987cdaeddef4ec2bcfb637d022267cd5","90_6_CAR_e2bddcdd987cdaeddef4ec2bcfb637d022267cd5","The A320 has been selected by 222 operators (Dec. 2008), among these several low-cost operators, gaining ground against the previously well established 737 in this sector; it has also been selected as a replacement for 727s and aging 737s by many full-service airlines such as Star Alliance members United Airlines, Air Canada and Lufthansa. After dominating the very large aircraft market for four decades, the Boeing 747 now faces a challenge from the A380. In response, Boeing now offer the stretched and updated 747-8, with greater capacity, fuel efficiency, and longer range. Frequent delays to the Airbus A380 program caused several customers to consider cancelling their orders in favour of the refreshed 747-8. However, all orders for the A380F freight variant have been cancelled. To date, Boeing has secured orders for 78 747-8F and 51 747-8I aircraft with first deliveries originally scheduled for 2011 and 2012 as the 747-8I is only in service with Lufthansa, while Airbus has orders for 318 A380s, the first of which entered service in 2007 and has delivered a total of 152 to customers (as of December 31, 2014).",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","90_6","What was Boeing 's counter to the battle against the A380 ?","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",3,null,"What was Boeing 's response to the A380 's competition ?","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",3,"","What strategy did Boeing use in the competition with the A380 ?","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",3,"","What was Boeing 's response to compete with the A380 ?","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",3,null,84,true,"90_6_CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","90_6_CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","90_6_CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7",null,"What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","90_6_CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","90_6","What was Boeing 's counter to the battle against the A380 ?","The Boeing 747-8I was intended to fill a niche between the Airbus A380 and the Boeing 777-300ER.  The future for the 747-8 passenger version appears limited. Airlines bought the original 747 primarily for its range, not its capacity. The advent of long-range twin-engine jets took away the 747's range advantage, notably Boeing's own 777. Compared to the 747-8I, the upcoming 777-9X \"mini jumbo jet\" is projected to have a lower fuel cost per seat mile and greater cargo capacity, though it has a lower passenger capacity and higher list price; consequently the 777-9X has tallied more orders than the 747-8I due to airlines placing a high value on fuel efficiency. For operators who require high capacity on routes such as Emirates Airlines, most have preferred the Airbus A380 as it is an all-new design while the 747-8's lineage is 40 years old, although some have criticized the A380's looks saying \"Seeing a 747-8I in the air is like watching Cinderella, while watching the A380 is like watching her ugly stepsister\". Analysts do not see bright prospects for both VLA (very large aircraft; those with more than 400 seats) whose orders have slowed in the mid-2010s, since there are widebody twinjets with similar range while being more fuel efficient giving airlines more flexibility at a lower upfront cost. In 2015 Lufthansa was the only airline to operate both the 747-8I and A380.",3,null,"What was Boeing 's response to the A380 's competition ?","During the 1990s both companies researched the feasibility of a passenger aircraft larger than the Boeing 747, which was then the largest airliner in operation. Airbus subsequently launched a full-length double-deck aircraft, the A380, a decade later while Boeing decided the project would not be commercially viable and developed the third generation 747, Boeing 747-8, instead.  The Airbus A380 and the Boeing 747-8 are therefore placed in direct competition on long-haul routes.",3,"","What strategy did Boeing use in the competition with the A380 ?","In recent years the Boeing 777 has outsold its Airbus counterparts, which include the A340 family as well as the A330-300. The smaller A330-200 competes with the 767, outselling its Boeing counterpart in recent years. The A380 is anticipated to further reduce sales of the Boeing 747, gaining Airbus a share of the market in very large aircraft, though frequent delays in the A380 programme have caused several customers to consider the refreshed 747–8. Airbus has also proposed the A350 XWB to compete with the  Boeing 787 Dreamliner, after being under great pressure from airlines to produce a competing model.",1,"","What was Boeing 's response to compete with the A380 ?","Boeing is proposing to stretch the -9 by four seat rows to accommodate 450 passengers in a 777-10X and compete with the Airbus A380 superjumbo. It has approached several airlines including Emirates, the largest operator of both the B777 and the A380, seating between 489 and 615 passengers. The potential  long airplane (12 ft more) is competing against a hypothetical A350-1000 stretch for Singapore Airlines.",0,null,84,true,"90_6_CAR_85079ce3a7942d00b836dfa57531494ed04595a1","CAR_85079ce3a7942d00b836dfa57531494ed04595a1","90_6_CAR_788926c7ef7d068002ea41ac8fbfee01eb6ad2e6","CAR_788926c7ef7d068002ea41ac8fbfee01eb6ad2e6","90_6_CAR_3309e30e008cb19bdc5b6a3684e4e968fb17d334","CAR_3309e30e008cb19bdc5b6a3684e4e968fb17d334",null,"What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","CAR_c36e4c56b145fc6cee2a79ae590ba6c9c6744415","90_6_CAR_c36e4c56b145fc6cee2a79ae590ba6c9c6744415","Boeing is proposing to stretch the -9 by four seat rows to accommodate 450 passengers in a 777-10X and compete with the Airbus A380 superjumbo. It has approached several airlines including Emirates, the largest operator of both the B777 and the A380, seating between 489 and 615 passengers. The potential  long airplane (12 ft more) is competing against a hypothetical A350-1000 stretch for Singapore Airlines.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","90_7","What 's the brand new version of the A380 ? What are some of the new features ?","On 19 July 2015, Airbus CEO Fabrice Brégier stated that the company will build a new version of the A380 featuring new improved wings and new engines. Speculation about the development of a so-called A380neo (neo for new engine option) had been going on for a few months after earlier press releases in 2014, and in 2015 the company was considering whether to end production of the type prior to 2018 or develop a new A380 variant. Later it was revealed that Airbus was looking at both the possibility of a longer A380 in line of the previously planned A380-900 and a new engine version, i.e. A380neo.  It was also revealed by Brégier that the new variant would be ready to enter service by 2020. The engine would most likely be one of a variety of all-new options from Rolls-Royce, ranging from derivatives of the A350's XWB-84/97 to the future Advance project due at around 2020.",0,null,"What is the difference between the new and the older version of the A380 ?","On 19 July 2015, Airbus CEO Fabrice Brégier stated that the company will build a new version of the A380 featuring new improved wings and new engines. Speculation about the development of a so-called A380neo (neo for new engine option) had been going on for a few months after earlier press releases in 2014, and in 2015 the company was considering whether to end production of the type prior to 2018 or develop a new A380 variant. Later it was revealed that Airbus was looking at both the possibility of a longer A380 in line of the previously planned A380-900 and a new engine version, i.e. A380neo.  It was also revealed by Brégier that the new variant would be ready to enter service by 2020. The engine would most likely be one of a variety of all-new options from Rolls-Royce, ranging from derivatives of the A350's XWB-84/97 to the future Advance project due at around 2020.",0,"","What is the latest version of the A380 , and how is it good ?","The Airbus A380 was delayed in October 2006 due to the use of incompatible software used to design the aircraft. Primarily, the Toulouse assembly plant used the latest version 5 of CATIA (made by Dassault), while the design centre at the Hamburg factory were using the older and incompatible version 4. The result was that the 530 km of cables wiring throughout the aircraft had to be completely redesigned. Although no orders had been cancelled, Airbus still had to pay millions in late-delivery penalties.",0,"","What is the newest version of the A380 and what is better about it ?","On 19 July 2015, Airbus CEO Fabrice Brégier stated that the company will build a new version of the A380 featuring new improved wings and new engines. Speculation about the development of a so-called A380neo (neo for new engine option) had been going on for a few months after earlier press releases in 2014, and in 2015 the company was considering whether to end production of the type prior to 2018 or develop a new A380 variant. Later it was revealed that Airbus was looking at both the possibility of a longer A380 in line of the previously planned A380-900 and a new engine version, i.e. A380neo.  It was also revealed by Brégier that the new variant would be ready to enter service by 2020. The engine would most likely be one of a variety of all-new options from Rolls-Royce, ranging from derivatives of the A350's XWB-84/97 to the future Advance project due at around 2020.",0,null,85,false,"90_7_CAR_f2eb4fba2b282b09bb1b99702bf3310e3ec0bd5c","CAR_f2eb4fba2b282b09bb1b99702bf3310e3ec0bd5c","90_7_CAR_f2eb4fba2b282b09bb1b99702bf3310e3ec0bd5c","CAR_f2eb4fba2b282b09bb1b99702bf3310e3ec0bd5c","90_7_CAR_efa6166aa1db2a3e337e93404a85d91893f9dad7","CAR_efa6166aa1db2a3e337e93404a85d91893f9dad7",null,"What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","CAR_f2eb4fba2b282b09bb1b99702bf3310e3ec0bd5c","90_7_CAR_f2eb4fba2b282b09bb1b99702bf3310e3ec0bd5c","The newer Boeing 777s are equipped with modern in-flight entertainment. Every seat is fitted with personal touch screen displays provided by Thales. It is loaded with movies, songs and games. It also has high resolution moving maps and live flight information. It is in two languages – English and Bengali.",0,2,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","90_7","What 's the brand new version of the A380 ? What are some of the new features ?","On 15 June 2015, Reuters reported that Airbus was discussing a stretched version of the A380 with a half dozen customers.  This aircraft, which could also feature new engines, would accommodate an additional fifty passengers. Were this \"A380neo\" to be built, it would be delivered to customers sometime in 2020 or 2021. On 9 July 2015, Business Insider reported that Airbus had filed a patent application for an A380 \"combi\" which would offer the flexibility of not only carrying both passengers and cargo, but being rapidly reconfigurable to expand or contract the cargo area and passenger area as needed for a given flight.",0,null,"What is the difference between the new and the older version of the A380 ?","The A380 is the latest and biggest plane from Airbus while the 747 has been Boeingâ€™s flagship for quite some time. The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747.",0,"","What is the latest version of the A380 , and how is it good ?","On 19 July 2015, Airbus CEO Fabrice Brégier stated that the company will build a new version of the A380 featuring new improved wings and new engines. Speculation about the development of a so-called A380neo (neo for new engine option) had been going on for a few months after earlier press releases in 2014, and in 2015 the company was considering whether to end production of the type prior to 2018 or develop a new A380 variant. Later it was revealed that Airbus was looking at both the possibility of a longer A380 in line of the previously planned A380-900 and a new engine version, i.e. A380neo.  It was also revealed by Brégier that the new variant would be ready to enter service by 2020. The engine would most likely be one of a variety of all-new options from Rolls-Royce, ranging from derivatives of the A350's XWB-84/97 to the future Advance project due at around 2020.",0,"","What is the newest version of the A380 and what is better about it ?","On 11 December 2014 at the annual Airbus Investor Day forum Airbus CEO controversially announced that \"We will one day launch an A380neo and one day launch a stretched A380\" following speculation sparked by Airbus CFO Harald Wilhelm that Airbus could axe the A380 ahead of its time due to softening demand.  On 15 June 2015, John Leahy, Airbus's chief operating officer for customers, stated Airbus was looking at the A380-900 programme again. Airbus's newest concept is a stretch of the A380-800 offering 50 seats more, not 100 as originally envisaged. The stretch would be tied to a potential re-engining of the A380-800. According to FlightGlobal, an A380-900 would make better use of the A380's existing wing.",0,null,85,false,"90_7_CAR_1ae294297ce5d8bdc7e281997021dad7dbfa4427","CAR_1ae294297ce5d8bdc7e281997021dad7dbfa4427","90_7_MARCO_2547726","MARCO_2547726","90_7_CAR_f2eb4fba2b282b09bb1b99702bf3310e3ec0bd5c","CAR_f2eb4fba2b282b09bb1b99702bf3310e3ec0bd5c",null,"What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","CAR_cf63d641733c056777b3f58504a51aa0483d3328","90_7_CAR_cf63d641733c056777b3f58504a51aa0483d3328","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.  The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8 and the 777-9.  The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings with folding wingtips, and technologies from the Boeing 787.  It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.  Deliveries are expected to begin in 2020.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","90_7","What 's the brand new version of the A380 ? What are some of the new features ?","Later in 2015 Emirates will upgrade its ICE - inflight system to the new eX3 system which will include new upgrades that will improve passenger experience, these include  Handset with more controls, Larger screens, New sockets, New ICE features, such as a Voyager app, Bluetooth audio and personal video playback. These will be fitted in existing B777 and A380 as well as installed on new aircraft that will be delivered to the airline.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the difference between the new and the older version of the A380 ?","The Airbus A380 was delayed in October 2006 due to the use of incompatible software used to design the aircraft. Primarily, the Toulouse assembly plant used the latest version 5 of CATIA (made by Dassault), while the design centre at the Hamburg factory were using the older and incompatible version 4. The result was that the 530 km of cables wiring throughout the aircraft had to be completely redesigned. Although no orders had been cancelled, Airbus still had to pay millions in late-delivery penalties.",0,"","What is the latest version of the A380 , and how is it good ?","In 2010, Airbus announced a new A380 build standard, incorporating a strengthened airframe structure and a 1.5° increase in wing twist. Airbus will also offer, as an option, an improved maximum take-off weight, thus providing a better payload/range performance. Maximum take-off weight is increased by , to  and the range is extended by ; this is achieved by reducing flight loads, partly from optimising the fly-by-wire control laws. British Airways and Emirates are the first two customers to have received this new option in 2013. Emirates has asked for an update with new engines for the A380 to be competitive with the 777X around 2020, and Airbus is studying 11-abreast seating.",0,"","What is the newest version of the A380 and what is better about it ?","The A380-800 has a design range of 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km), sufficient to fly nonstop from Dallas, USA to Sydney, Australia, and a cruising speed of Mach 0.85 (about 900 km/h, 560 mph or 490 kn at cruising altitude).irbus's newest concept is a stretch of the A380-800 offering 50 seats more, not 100 as originally envisaged. The stretch would be tied to a potential re-engining of the A380-800. According to FlightGlobal, an A380-900 would make better use of the A380's existing wing.",0,null,85,false,"90_7_CAR_0c315194c60546a78e69413fd01c5e08ed0b1ca6","CAR_0c315194c60546a78e69413fd01c5e08ed0b1ca6","90_7_CAR_efa6166aa1db2a3e337e93404a85d91893f9dad7","CAR_efa6166aa1db2a3e337e93404a85d91893f9dad7","90_7_CAR_e073e374fd390e154aa57150baf36db171209841","CAR_e073e374fd390e154aa57150baf36db171209841",null,"What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","MARCO_2259492","90_7_MARCO_2259492","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8X and the 777-9X. The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings, and technologies from the Boeing 787. It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.he Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","90_8","What are the different features in the two versions of the A380 ?","The A380 was initially offered in two models, the A380-800 and the A380F. The A380-800's original configuration carried 555 passengers in a three-class configuration or 853 passengers (538 on the main deck and 315 on the upper deck) in a single-class economy configuration. Then in May 2007, Airbus began marketing a configuration with 30 fewer passengers, (525 total in three classes), traded for  more range, to better reflect trends in premium class accommodation. The design range for the −800 model is ; capable of flying from Hong Kong to New York or from Sydney to Istanbul non-stop. The second model, the A380F freighter, would carry 150 tonnes of cargo with a range of . The freighter development was put on hold as Airbus prioritised the passenger version and all cargo orders were cancelled. Future variants may include an A380-900 stretch seating about 656 passengers (or up to 960 passengers in an all economy configuration) and an extended-range version with the same passenger capacity as the A380-800.",0,null,"How different is the new A380 when compared to the older one ?","The A380 is the latest and biggest plane from Airbus while the 747 has been Boeingâ€™s flagship for quite some time. The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747. The Airbus A380 has a wingspan that is 15m longer to that of the 747.",0,"","How do the variants of the A380 differ ?","The A380 was initially offered in two models, the A380-800 and the A380F. The A380-800's original configuration carried 555 passengers in a three-class configuration or 853 passengers (538 on the main deck and 315 on the upper deck) in a single-class economy configuration. Then in May 2007, Airbus began marketing a configuration with 30 fewer passengers, (525 total in three classes), traded for  more range, to better reflect trends in premium class accommodation. The design range for the −800 model is ; capable of flying from Hong Kong to New York or from Sydney to Istanbul non-stop. The second model, the A380F freighter, would carry 150 tonnes of cargo with a range of . The freighter development was put on hold as Airbus prioritised the passenger version and all cargo orders were cancelled. Future variants may include an A380-900 stretch seating about 656 passengers (or up to 960 passengers in an all economy configuration) and an extended-range version with the same passenger capacity as the A380-800.",0,"","What are the differences between the variants of the A380 ?","There were not many differences between variants, mainly seating and armour plate location:",0,null,86,true,"90_8_CAR_f602dae51d6b06b1649e1e14d6e2b15bf2b702d6","CAR_f602dae51d6b06b1649e1e14d6e2b15bf2b702d6","90_8_MARCO_2547725","MARCO_2547725","90_8_CAR_f602dae51d6b06b1649e1e14d6e2b15bf2b702d6","CAR_f602dae51d6b06b1649e1e14d6e2b15bf2b702d6",null,"What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","CAR_9adcbb3a8e501f9aaf3986fbd6802d5b2189b6cb","90_8_CAR_9adcbb3a8e501f9aaf3986fbd6802d5b2189b6cb","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.  The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8 and the 777-9.  The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings with folding wingtips, and technologies from the Boeing 787.  It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.  Deliveries are expected to begin in 2020.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","90_8","What are the different features in the two versions of the A380 ?","In November 2007 Airbus top sales executive and chief operating officer John Leahy confirmed plans for an enlarged variant, the A380-900, with more seating space than the A380-800. This version would have a seating capacity for 650 passengers in standard configuration, and approximately 900 passengers in an economy-only configuration. Airlines that had expressed an interest in the −900 included Emirates, Virgin Atlantic, Cathay Pacific, Air France, KLM, Lufthansa, Kingfisher Airlines, and leasing company ILFC. In May 2010, Airbus announced that A380-900 development was postponed, until production of the A380-800 stabilises.",0,null,"How different is the new A380 when compared to the older one ?","The A380 is the latest and biggest plane from Airbus while the 747 has been Boeingâ€™s flagship for quite some time. The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747.",0,"","How do the variants of the A380 differ ?","There are, however, plans to produce a slightly larger A380-900 variant of the â€¦ A380 which would be about 18 ft longer than the current -800, boosting the seating capacity to 650 in standard 3-class configuration and 900 in all economy (compared to 525/843 for the -800).",0,"","What are the differences between the variants of the A380 ?","The A380 was initially offered in two models, the A380-800 and the A380F. The A380-800's original configuration carried 555 passengers in a three-class configuration or 853 passengers (538 on the main deck and 315 on the upper deck) in a single-class economy configuration. Then in May 2007, Airbus began marketing a configuration with 30 fewer passengers, (525 total in three classes), traded for  more range, to better reflect trends in premium class accommodation. The design range for the −800 model is ; capable of flying from Hong Kong to New York or from Sydney to Istanbul non-stop. The second model, the A380F freighter, would carry 150 tonnes of cargo with a range of . The freighter development was put on hold as Airbus prioritised the passenger version and all cargo orders were cancelled. Future variants may include an A380-900 stretch seating about 656 passengers (or up to 960 passengers in an all economy configuration) and an extended-range version with the same passenger capacity as the A380-800.",0,null,86,true,"90_8_CAR_cbd69449b2e18547c4d1b60416e1d64097ce1028","CAR_cbd69449b2e18547c4d1b60416e1d64097ce1028","90_8_MARCO_2547726","MARCO_2547726","90_8_MARCO_2547729","MARCO_2547729",null,"What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","CAR_f602dae51d6b06b1649e1e14d6e2b15bf2b702d6","90_8_CAR_f602dae51d6b06b1649e1e14d6e2b15bf2b702d6","The 777-8 and the larger 777-9, are the two variants which comprise the Boeing 777X program, launched in 2013. Both models incorporate a new carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer wing with folding wingtips, a wider, more comfortable redesigned cabin, and other upgraded systems. Service entry of the first 777X variant, the 777-9, is scheduled for 2020.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","90_8","What are the different features in the two versions of the A380 ?","On 15 June 2015, Reuters reported that Airbus was discussing a stretched version of the A380 with a half dozen customers.  This aircraft, which could also feature new engines, would accommodate an additional fifty passengers. Were this \"A380neo\" to be built, it would be delivered to customers sometime in 2020 or 2021. On 9 July 2015, Business Insider reported that Airbus had filed a patent application for an A380 \"combi\" which would offer the flexibility of not only carrying both passengers and cargo, but being rapidly reconfigurable to expand or contract the cargo area and passenger area as needed for a given flight.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How different is the new A380 when compared to the older one ?","The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747. The Airbus A380 has a wingspan that is 15m longer to that of the 747. It is also about 50% heavier than the 747 even when empty.",0,"","How do the variants of the A380 differ ?","On 19 July 2015, Airbus CEO Fabrice Brégier stated that the company will build a new version of the A380 featuring new improved wings and new engines. Speculation about the development of a so-called A380neo (neo for new engine option) had been going on for a few months after earlier press releases in 2014, and in 2015 the company was considering whether to end production of the type prior to 2018 or develop a new A380 variant. Later it was revealed that Airbus was looking at both the possibility of a longer A380 in line of the previously planned A380-900 and a new engine version, i.e. A380neo.  It was also revealed by Brégier that the new variant would be ready to enter service by 2020. The engine would most likely be one of a variety of all-new options from Rolls-Royce, ranging from derivatives of the A350's XWB-84/97 to the future Advance project due at around 2020.",0,"","What are the differences between the variants of the A380 ?","There are, however, plans to produce a slightly larger A380-900 variant of the â€¦ A380 which would be about 18 ft longer than the current -800, boosting the seating capacity to 650 in standard 3-class configuration and 900 in all economy (compared to 525/843 for the -800).",0,null,86,true,"90_8_CAR_1ae294297ce5d8bdc7e281997021dad7dbfa4427","CAR_1ae294297ce5d8bdc7e281997021dad7dbfa4427","90_8_MARCO_2547723","MARCO_2547723","90_8_CAR_f2eb4fba2b282b09bb1b99702bf3310e3ec0bd5c","CAR_f2eb4fba2b282b09bb1b99702bf3310e3ec0bd5c",null,"What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","MARCO_2547729","90_8_MARCO_2547729","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8X and the 777-9X. The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings, and technologies from the Boeing 787. It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.he Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_1","What is general data protection regulation ? Why is it important for us to implement it ?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",4,null,"What is general data protection regulation ?","For the economics term, see Gross regional domestic product. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a regulation by which the European Parliament, the European Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for all individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses the export of personal data outside the EU.",3,"","What exactly is general data protection regulation ?","For the economics term, see Gross regional domestic product. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a regulation by which the European Parliament, the European Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for all individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses the export of personal data outside the EU.",3,"","What is the purpose of GDPR ?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",4,null,87,false,"91_1_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","91_1_MARCO_4334930","MARCO_4334930","91_1_MARCO_4334930","MARCO_4334930",null,"What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","91_1_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_1","What is general data protection regulation ? Why is it important for us to implement it ?","For the economics term, see Gross regional domestic product. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a regulation by which the European Parliament, the European Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for all individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses the export of personal data outside the EU.",3,null,"What is general data protection regulation ?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",4,"","What exactly is general data protection regulation ?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",4,"","What is the purpose of GDPR ?","For the economics term, see Gross regional domestic product. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a regulation by which the European Parliament, the European Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for all individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses the export of personal data outside the EU.",3,null,87,false,"91_1_MARCO_4334930","MARCO_4334930","91_1_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","91_1_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f",null,"What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_4334930","91_1_MARCO_4334930","For the economics term, see Gross regional domestic product. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a regulation by which the European Parliament, the European Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for all individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses the export of personal data outside the EU.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_1","What is general data protection regulation ? Why is it important for us to implement it ?","Currently, as of March 2012, the need for a set of unified privacy policies has been met by the European Union with proposed legislation. The Data Protection Regulation is a proposed set of consistent regulations across the European Union that will protect Internet users from clandestine tracking and unauthorized personal data usage. This regulation will further protect users' privacy rights in two key ways: clearly defining the term “personal data” and increasing punishments for those who violate users' online privacy. In Article 4(2) of the proposed legislation, the definition of personal data is expanded significantly to include any information online that could be traced to an individual. In Articles 77 and 79 of the proposed legislation, appropriate punishments are outlined for many possible violations of users' privacy rights by controllers and effective enforcement of data protection is guaranteed. The Data Protection Regulation will also hold companies accountable for violations of the regulation by implementing a unified legislation outlining specific repercussions for various types of violations based on severity.The CDT, the Center for Democracy & Technology, has carefully evaluated this proposed legislation in detail and officially issued an analysis on March 28, 2012. The Center for Democracy & Technology is a nonprofit organization that advocates for Internet freedom and online privacy through government public policy. Analyses such as this interpret the governmental propositions for Internet users and promote democracy by allowing all the opportunity to agree or disagree with the proposition prior to its ruling. This analysis is posted publicly on the Internet, in compliance with the mission of CDT, and addresses each section of the Data Protection Regulation and the potential pitfalls of each article. The two major issues the CDT addresses in this analysis of the Data Protection Regulation are the inflexible rules against profiling users based on their Internet usage and the parental consent policy in regards to controlling the online information of children. The European Union seems to be following the lead of the Obama administration’s recently implemented privacy bill and global Internet privacy policies are on the horizon.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What is general data protection regulation ?","Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation)",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What exactly is general data protection regulation ?","The GDPR or General Data Protection Regulation as its actually known is a European law that will be taken effect in May 2018. Thereâ€™s a lot of misconceptions out there that need to be talked about, especially by non-EU websites.",0,"","What is the purpose of GDPR ?","The Guide to the GDPR explains the provisions of the GDPR to help organisations comply with its requirements. It is for those who have day-to-day responsibility for data protection. This is a living document and we are working to expand it in key areas.",1,null,87,false,"91_1_CAR_a6f2610eb8c5519ffa2478b046c13f4e9d2ee71f","CAR_a6f2610eb8c5519ffa2478b046c13f4e9d2ee71f","91_1_MARCO_8355422","MARCO_8355422","91_1_MARCO_8090937","MARCO_8090937",null,"What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_7170695","91_1_MARCO_7170695","This regulation is called the EU General Data Protection Regulation or GDPR, and is aimed at guiding and regulating the way companies across the world will handle their customersâ€™ personal information and creating strengthened and unified data protection for all individuals within the EU.",1,null,4,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},4]
["What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","91_2","What are the improvements the general data protection regulation has over the previous one ?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",0,null,"How is general data protection regulation better than the other one ?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",0,"","What is the difference between the general data protection regulation and the older one ?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",0,"","What is different compared to previous legislation ?","These regulations differed from the previous fire safety legislation in that they introduced the concept of risk assessment in a style similar to the Health and Safety at Work Etc. Act 1974.",0,null,88,true,"91_2_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","91_2_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","91_2_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f",null,"What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","CAR_11efe055989e85097b3f27ea87cc02d4425703f7","91_2_CAR_11efe055989e85097b3f27ea87cc02d4425703f7","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","91_2","What are the improvements the general data protection regulation has over the previous one ?","what is gdpr? The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) was adopted by the EU in April 2016 and will replace the current EU Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC. The GDPR introduces new obligations to data processors and data controllers, including those based outside the EU.",2,null,"How is general data protection regulation better than the other one ?","The European Union expressed its concern about the personal information management. On January 25, 2012, Viviane Reding, the vice chairperson of the European Commission, suggested General Data Protection Regulation which is a more strict form than the Directive 95/46/EC is. This is a right to ask service providers to delete the personal information which were collected by data brokers under a users’ consent in order to strengthen the user information protection. The right to be forgotten also includes the notion of not to be searched, and extinctive prescription of information.",1,"","What is the difference between the general data protection regulation and the older one ?","The data portability right is slightly different from the right of access; see the seventh item in the list cited in Footnote No.8. The right of access only mandates that the data subject gets to see their personal data. The old EU Data Protection Directive used to require explicitly in such cases for the data to be provided in \"intelligible\" form, which has been interpreted so far as \"human readable\". This requirement is still somewhat present in the EU's General Data Protection Regulation, but only implicitly in conjunction with the Recitals. Since the right to portability is mostly concerned with reuse by other services (i.e. most likely automated), it could be that both \"human readable\" and \"raw format\" would be inappropriate for effective data portability. Some intermediate level might need to be sought.",1,"","What is different compared to previous legislation ?","It is drawn from many sources. Keeping in mind the needs and conditions of India its framers borrowed different features freely from previous legislation viz. Government of India Act 1858, Indian Councils Act 1861, Indian Councils Act 1892, Indian Councils Act 1909, Government of India Act 1919, Government of India Act 1935 and the Indian Independence Act 1947. The last legislation which led to the creation of the two independent nations of India and Pakistan provided for the division of the erstwhile Constituent Assembly into two, with each new assembly having sovereign powers transferred to it, to enable each to draft and enact a new constitution, for the separate states.",0,null,88,true,"91_2_MARCO_8090944","MARCO_8090944","91_2_CAR_713b2c0449b33716603826316be28dbc08f034cf","CAR_713b2c0449b33716603826316be28dbc08f034cf","91_2_CAR_0a1994d2c3d595886b42dc8b86da115cf4bb0742","CAR_0a1994d2c3d595886b42dc8b86da115cf4bb0742",null,"What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","CAR_b80e5273cb8d36fa954440370a3655066ae27206","91_2_CAR_b80e5273cb8d36fa954440370a3655066ae27206","The Data Protection Directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data) is a European Union directive adopted in 1995 that regulates the processing of personal data within the European Union. It is an important component of EU privacy and human rights law. On 25 January 2012, the European Commission unveiled a draft European General Data Protection Regulation that will supersede the Data Protection Directive.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","91_2","What are the improvements the general data protection regulation has over the previous one ?","The European Union expressed its concern about the personal information management. On January 25, 2012, Viviane Reding, the vice chairperson of the European Commission, suggested General Data Protection Regulation which is a more strict form than the Directive 95/46/EC is. This is a right to ask service providers to delete the personal information which were collected by data brokers under a users’ consent in order to strengthen the user information protection. The right to be forgotten also includes the notion of not to be searched, and extinctive prescription of information.",1,null,"How is general data protection regulation better than the other one ?","This regulation is called the EU General Data Protection Regulation or GDPR, and is aimed at guiding and regulating the way companies across the world will handle their customersâ€™ personal information and creating strengthened and unified data protection for all individuals within the EU.",1,"","What is the difference between the general data protection regulation and the older one ?","The GDPR or General Data Protection Regulation as its actually known is a European law that will be taken effect in May 2018. Thereâ€™s a lot of misconceptions out there that need to be talked about, especially by non-EU websites.",0,"","What is different compared to previous legislation ?","To provide some level of protection, and differentiate them from the AWAs of the previous legislation, the IFA must satisfy the “Better Off Overall Test” and is limited in what conditions of employment it can alter.",0,null,88,true,"91_2_CAR_713b2c0449b33716603826316be28dbc08f034cf","CAR_713b2c0449b33716603826316be28dbc08f034cf","91_2_MARCO_995083","MARCO_995083","91_2_MARCO_8090937","MARCO_8090937",null,"What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","CAR_e19ee6ed381cc9b4bc0b4bb7dcb84e42e40a6e49","91_2_CAR_e19ee6ed381cc9b4bc0b4bb7dcb84e42e40a6e49","The Data Protection Directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data) is a European Union directive adopted in 1995 which regulates the processing of personal data within the European Union. It is an important component of EU privacy and human rights law.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","91_3","What is your opinion about the general data protection regulation 's improvement on the previous one ?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",0,null,"What is the impact of general data protection regulation and the other one on privacy ?","What is new and defined in Article 35 of the GDPR is the fact that data protection impact assessments (DPIA) are mandatory for organisations with technologies and processes that are likely to result in a high risk to the rights of the data subjects. Privacy impact assessments (PIAs) are at the heart of building a privacy by design approach. They allow organisations to find and fix problems at the early stages of any project, reducing the associated costs and damage to reputation that might otherwise accompany a breach of data protection laws and regulations.",0,"","Are general data protection regulation and the older one a privacy liability ?","Spiceworks Originals. On May 25, 2018, the European Union (EU) will implement the general data protection regulation (GDPR) and the E-Privacy regulation, two new data privacy laws that set stronger rules around how businesses collect and protect EU customer data.",0,"","What are the privacy implications of GDPR ?","Presently, the EU is drafting the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which will replace the Directive and account for the privacy implications of recent changes in technology such as social networks and cloud computing. The GDPR is expected to be adopted in 2014, and be implemented by member states by 2016.",0,null,89,false,"91_3_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","91_3_MARCO_3095275","MARCO_3095275","91_3_MARCO_6880924","MARCO_6880924",null,"What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","CAR_41c3a17bc670dbeb1ff5d322cfc39431aabbb671","91_3_CAR_41c3a17bc670dbeb1ff5d322cfc39431aabbb671","Presently, the EU is drafting the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which will replace the Directive and account for the privacy implications of recent changes in technology such as social networks and cloud computing. The GDPR is expected to be adopted in 2014, and be implemented by member states by 2016.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","91_3","What is your opinion about the general data protection regulation 's improvement on the previous one ?","Currently, as of March 2012, the need for a set of unified privacy policies has been met by the European Union with proposed legislation. The Data Protection Regulation is a proposed set of consistent regulations across the European Union that will protect Internet users from clandestine tracking and unauthorized personal data usage. This regulation will further protect users' privacy rights in two key ways: clearly defining the term “personal data” and increasing punishments for those who violate users' online privacy. In Article 4(2) of the proposed legislation, the definition of personal data is expanded significantly to include any information online that could be traced to an individual. In Articles 77 and 79 of the proposed legislation, appropriate punishments are outlined for many possible violations of users' privacy rights by controllers and effective enforcement of data protection is guaranteed. The Data Protection Regulation will also hold companies accountable for violations of the regulation by implementing a unified legislation outlining specific repercussions for various types of violations based on severity.The CDT, the Center for Democracy & Technology, has carefully evaluated this proposed legislation in detail and officially issued an analysis on March 28, 2012. The Center for Democracy & Technology is a nonprofit organization that advocates for Internet freedom and online privacy through government public policy. Analyses such as this interpret the governmental propositions for Internet users and promote democracy by allowing all the opportunity to agree or disagree with the proposition prior to its ruling. This analysis is posted publicly on the Internet, in compliance with the mission of CDT, and addresses each section of the Data Protection Regulation and the potential pitfalls of each article. The two major issues the CDT addresses in this analysis of the Data Protection Regulation are the inflexible rules against profiling users based on their Internet usage and the parental consent policy in regards to controlling the online information of children. The European Union seems to be following the lead of the Obama administration’s recently implemented privacy bill and global Internet privacy policies are on the horizon.",0,null,"What is the impact of general data protection regulation and the other one on privacy ?","Currently, as of March 2012, the need for a set of unified privacy policies has been met by the European Union with proposed legislation. The Data Protection Regulation is a proposed set of consistent regulations across the European Union that will protect Internet users from clandestine tracking and unauthorized personal data usage. This regulation will further protect users' privacy rights in two key ways: clearly defining the term “personal data” and increasing punishments for those who violate users' online privacy. In Article 4(2) of the proposed legislation, the definition of personal data is expanded significantly to include any information online that could be traced to an individual. In Articles 77 and 79 of the proposed legislation, appropriate punishments are outlined for many possible violations of users' privacy rights by controllers and effective enforcement of data protection is guaranteed. The Data Protection Regulation will also hold companies accountable for violations of the regulation by implementing a unified legislation outlining specific repercussions for various types of violations based on severity.The CDT, the Center for Democracy & Technology, has carefully evaluated this proposed legislation in detail and officially issued an analysis on March 28, 2012. The Center for Democracy & Technology is a nonprofit organization that advocates for Internet freedom and online privacy through government public policy. Analyses such as this interpret the governmental propositions for Internet users and promote democracy by allowing all the opportunity to agree or disagree with the proposition prior to its ruling. This analysis is posted publicly on the Internet, in compliance with the mission of CDT, and addresses each section of the Data Protection Regulation and the potential pitfalls of each article. The two major issues the CDT addresses in this analysis of the Data Protection Regulation are the inflexible rules against profiling users based on their Internet usage and the parental consent policy in regards to controlling the online information of children. The European Union seems to be following the lead of the Obama administration’s recently implemented privacy bill and global Internet privacy policies are on the horizon.",0,"","Are general data protection regulation and the older one a privacy liability ?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",0,"","What are the privacy implications of GDPR ?","What is new and defined in Article 35 of the GDPR is the fact that data protection impact assessments (DPIA) are mandatory for organisations with technologies and processes that are likely to result in a high risk to the rights of the data subjects. Privacy impact assessments (PIAs) are at the heart of building a privacy by design approach. They allow organisations to find and fix problems at the early stages of any project, reducing the associated costs and damage to reputation that might otherwise accompany a breach of data protection laws and regulations.",0,null,89,false,"91_3_CAR_a6f2610eb8c5519ffa2478b046c13f4e9d2ee71f","CAR_a6f2610eb8c5519ffa2478b046c13f4e9d2ee71f","91_3_CAR_a6f2610eb8c5519ffa2478b046c13f4e9d2ee71f","CAR_a6f2610eb8c5519ffa2478b046c13f4e9d2ee71f","91_3_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f",null,"What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","MARCO_3095275","91_3_MARCO_3095275","Cloud computing poses privacy concerns because the service provider can access the data that is in the cloud at any time.  It could accidentally or deliberately alter or even delete information. Many cloud providers can share information with third parties if necessary for purposes of law and order even without a warrant. That is permitted in their privacy policies, which users must agree to before they start using cloud services. Solutions to privacy include policy and legislation as well as end users' choices for how data is stored. Users can encrypt data that is processed or stored within the cloud to prevent unauthorized access.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","91_3","What is your opinion about the general data protection regulation 's improvement on the previous one ?","The European Union expressed its concern about the personal information management. On January 25, 2012, Viviane Reding, the vice chairperson of the European Commission, suggested General Data Protection Regulation which is a more strict form than the Directive 95/46/EC is. This is a right to ask service providers to delete the personal information which were collected by data brokers under a users’ consent in order to strengthen the user information protection. The right to be forgotten also includes the notion of not to be searched, and extinctive prescription of information.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the impact of general data protection regulation and the other one on privacy ?","GDPR will clearly have an impact on how businesses manage data, but it also may have an impact on their bottom line. PHOTO: Aranami Any businesses still hedging their bets on the impact of the EUâ€™s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) may end up getting caught flat-footed if they donâ€™t have the right strategy in place.",0,"","Are general data protection regulation and the older one a privacy liability ?","Currently, as of March 2012, the need for a set of unified privacy policies has been met by the European Union with proposed legislation. The Data Protection Regulation is a proposed set of consistent regulations across the European Union that will protect Internet users from clandestine tracking and unauthorized personal data usage. This regulation will further protect users' privacy rights in two key ways: clearly defining the term “personal data” and increasing punishments for those who violate users' online privacy. In Article 4(2) of the proposed legislation, the definition of personal data is expanded significantly to include any information online that could be traced to an individual. In Articles 77 and 79 of the proposed legislation, appropriate punishments are outlined for many possible violations of users' privacy rights by controllers and effective enforcement of data protection is guaranteed. The Data Protection Regulation will also hold companies accountable for violations of the regulation by implementing a unified legislation outlining specific repercussions for various types of violations based on severity.The CDT, the Center for Democracy & Technology, has carefully evaluated this proposed legislation in detail and officially issued an analysis on March 28, 2012. The Center for Democracy & Technology is a nonprofit organization that advocates for Internet freedom and online privacy through government public policy. Analyses such as this interpret the governmental propositions for Internet users and promote democracy by allowing all the opportunity to agree or disagree with the proposition prior to its ruling. This analysis is posted publicly on the Internet, in compliance with the mission of CDT, and addresses each section of the Data Protection Regulation and the potential pitfalls of each article. The two major issues the CDT addresses in this analysis of the Data Protection Regulation are the inflexible rules against profiling users based on their Internet usage and the parental consent policy in regards to controlling the online information of children. The European Union seems to be following the lead of the Obama administration’s recently implemented privacy bill and global Internet privacy policies are on the horizon.",0,"","What are the privacy implications of GDPR ?","In May 2018, a European privacy law, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), is due to take effect. The GDPR imposes new rules on companies, government agencies, non-profits, and other organizations that offer goods and services to people in the European Union (EU), or that collect and analyze data tied to EU residents.",0,null,89,false,"91_3_CAR_713b2c0449b33716603826316be28dbc08f034cf","CAR_713b2c0449b33716603826316be28dbc08f034cf","91_3_MARCO_8090942","MARCO_8090942","91_3_CAR_a6f2610eb8c5519ffa2478b046c13f4e9d2ee71f","CAR_a6f2610eb8c5519ffa2478b046c13f4e9d2ee71f",null,"What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","MARCO_1109620","91_3_MARCO_1109620","Social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. Privacy concerns with social networking services is a subset of data privacy, involving the right of mandating personal privacy concerning storing, re-purposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via the Internet. Social network security and privacy issues result from the astronomical amounts of information these sites process each day. Features that invite users to participate in—messages, invitations, photos, open platform applications and other applications are often the venues for others to gain access to a user's private information. In addition, the technologies needed to deal with user’s information may intrude their privacy. More specifically, In the case of Facebook. Adrienne Felt, a Ph.D. candidate at Berkeley, made small headlines last year when she exposed a potentially devastating hole in the framework of Facebook's third-party application programming interface (API). It made it easier for people to lose their privacy. Felt and her co-researchers found that third-party platform applications on Facebook are provided with far more user information than it is needed. This potential privacy breach is actually built into the systematic framework of Facebook. Unfortunately, the flaws render the system to be almost indefensible. \"The question for social networks is resolving the difference between mistakes in implementation and what the design of the application platform is intended to allow,\" said David Evans, Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of Virginia. Moreover, there is also the question of who should be held responsible for the lack of user privacy? According to Evan, the answer to the question is not likely to be found, because a better regulated API would be required for Facebook \"to break a lot of applications, [especially when] a lot of companies are trying to make money off [these] applications.\" Felt agrees with her conclusion, because \"there are marketing businesses built on top of the idea that third parties can get access to data and user information on Facebook.\"",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_4","Besides IP addresses , what else does general data protection regulation consider personal data ?","Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information that can include social media posts, photographs, lifestyle preferences and transaction histories. And now, thanks to the German Pirate Party, even IP addresses. In other words, all PII is personal data but not all personal data is PII. Building a successful GDPR compliance program will require marketers and IT architects to move beyond the narrow scope of PII to consider the full range of personal data as defined by the EU. Or yer might find yerself keelhauled by a court, matey. This is the first in a series of occasional blog posts exploring key concepts behind GDPR.",3,null,"Besides IP being within the scope of the definition for PII , what else is classified as such under general data protection regulation ?","Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information that can include social media posts, photographs, lifestyle preferences and transaction histories. And now, thanks to the German Pirate Party, even IP addresses. In other words, all PII is personal data but not all personal data is PII. Building a successful GDPR compliance program will require marketers and IT architects to move beyond the narrow scope of PII to consider the full range of personal data as defined by the EU. Or yer might find yerself keelhauled by a court, matey. This is the first in a series of occasional blog posts exploring key concepts behind GDPR.",3,"","What else can the general data protection regulation protect and safeguard as personal data , besides IP ?","Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information that can include social media posts, photographs, lifestyle preferences and transaction histories. And now, thanks to the German Pirate Party, even IP addresses. In other words, all PII is personal data but not all personal data is PII. Building a successful GDPR compliance program will require marketers and IT architects to move beyond the narrow scope of PII to consider the full range of personal data as defined by the EU. Or yer might find yerself keelhauled by a court, matey. This is the first in a series of occasional blog posts exploring key concepts behind GDPR.",3,"","What is the full range of personal data covered by GDPR ?","Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information that can include social media posts, photographs, lifestyle preferences and transaction histories. And now, thanks to the German Pirate Party, even IP addresses. In other words, all PII is personal data but not all personal data is PII. Building a successful GDPR compliance program will require marketers and IT architects to move beyond the narrow scope of PII to consider the full range of personal data as defined by the EU. Or yer might find yerself keelhauled by a court, matey. This is the first in a series of occasional blog posts exploring key concepts behind GDPR.",3,null,90,true,"91_4_MARCO_1109622","MARCO_1109622","91_4_MARCO_1109622","MARCO_1109622","91_4_MARCO_1109622","MARCO_1109622",null,"Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_1109622","91_4_MARCO_1109622","Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information that can include social media posts, photographs, lifestyle preferences and transaction histories. And now, thanks to the German Pirate Party, even IP addresses. In other words, all PII is personal data but not all personal data is PII. Building a successful GDPR compliance program will require marketers and IT architects to move beyond the narrow scope of PII to consider the full range of personal data as defined by the EU. Or yer might find yerself keelhauled by a court, matey. This is the first in a series of occasional blog posts exploring key concepts behind GDPR.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_4","Besides IP addresses , what else does general data protection regulation consider personal data ?","The regulation applies if the data controller or processor (organization) or the data subject (person) is based in the EU. Furthermore (and unlike the current Directive) the Regulation also applies to organizations based outside the European Union if they process personal data of EU residents. The regulation does not apply to the processing of personal data for national security activities or law enforcement (\"competent authorities for the purposes of prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties\"). According to the European Commission \"personal data is any information relating to an individual, whether it relates to his or her private, professional or public life. It can be anything from a name, a photo, an email address, bank details, posts on social networking websites, medical information, or a computer’s IP address.\"",4,null,"Besides IP being within the scope of the definition for PII , what else is classified as such under general data protection regulation ?","In 1995 the European Union adopted the European Data Protection Directive (Directive 95/46/EC) to regulate the processing of personal data. This is now considered a component of human rights law. The new European Proposal for General Data Protection Regulation provides protection and exemption for companies listed as \"media\" companies, like newspapers and other journalistic work. However, Google purposely opted out of being classified as a \"media\" company and so is not protected. Judges in the European Union ruled that because the international corporation, Google, is a collector and processor of data it should be classified as a \"data controller\" under the meaning of the EU data protection directive. These \"data controllers\" are required under EU law to remove data that is \"inadequate, irrelevant, or no longer relevant\", making this directive of global importance.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What else can the general data protection regulation protect and safeguard as personal data , besides IP ?","Currently, as of March 2012, the need for a set of unified privacy policies has been met by the European Union with proposed legislation. The Data Protection Regulation is a proposed set of consistent regulations across the European Union that will protect Internet users from clandestine tracking and unauthorized personal data usage. This regulation will further protect users' privacy rights in two key ways: clearly defining the term “personal data” and increasing punishments for those who violate users' online privacy. In Article 4(2) of the proposed legislation, the definition of personal data is expanded significantly to include any information online that could be traced to an individual. In Articles 77 and 79 of the proposed legislation, appropriate punishments are outlined for many possible violations of users' privacy rights by controllers and effective enforcement of data protection is guaranteed. The Data Protection Regulation will also hold companies accountable for violations of the regulation by implementing a unified legislation outlining specific repercussions for various types of violations based on severity.The CDT, the Center for Democracy & Technology, has carefully evaluated this proposed legislation in detail and officially issued an analysis on March 28, 2012. The Center for Democracy & Technology is a nonprofit organization that advocates for Internet freedom and online privacy through government public policy. Analyses such as this interpret the governmental propositions for Internet users and promote democracy by allowing all the opportunity to agree or disagree with the proposition prior to its ruling. This analysis is posted publicly on the Internet, in compliance with the mission of CDT, and addresses each section of the Data Protection Regulation and the potential pitfalls of each article. The two major issues the CDT addresses in this analysis of the Data Protection Regulation are the inflexible rules against profiling users based on their Internet usage and the parental consent policy in regards to controlling the online information of children. The European Union seems to be following the lead of the Obama administration’s recently implemented privacy bill and global Internet privacy policies are on the horizon.",0,"","What is the full range of personal data covered by GDPR ?","Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information than PII, a commonly used term in North America. Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information than PII, a commonly used term in North America.",0,null,90,true,"91_4_CAR_97f7cfe35b34daa2491dc8454e571e87cbee51a0","CAR_97f7cfe35b34daa2491dc8454e571e87cbee51a0","91_4_CAR_7d2ea6ae66a2a7a0b6d7d5d317054da39bb61a9a","CAR_7d2ea6ae66a2a7a0b6d7d5d317054da39bb61a9a","91_4_CAR_a6f2610eb8c5519ffa2478b046c13f4e9d2ee71f","CAR_a6f2610eb8c5519ffa2478b046c13f4e9d2ee71f",null,"Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_1109621","91_4_MARCO_1109621","Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information than PII, a commonly used term in North America. Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information than PII, a commonly used term in North America.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_4","Besides IP addresses , what else does general data protection regulation consider personal data ?","Currently, as of March 2012, the need for a set of unified privacy policies has been met by the European Union with proposed legislation. The Data Protection Regulation is a proposed set of consistent regulations across the European Union that will protect Internet users from clandestine tracking and unauthorized personal data usage. This regulation will further protect users' privacy rights in two key ways: clearly defining the term “personal data” and increasing punishments for those who violate users' online privacy. In Article 4(2) of the proposed legislation, the definition of personal data is expanded significantly to include any information online that could be traced to an individual. In Articles 77 and 79 of the proposed legislation, appropriate punishments are outlined for many possible violations of users' privacy rights by controllers and effective enforcement of data protection is guaranteed. The Data Protection Regulation will also hold companies accountable for violations of the regulation by implementing a unified legislation outlining specific repercussions for various types of violations based on severity.The CDT, the Center for Democracy & Technology, has carefully evaluated this proposed legislation in detail and officially issued an analysis on March 28, 2012. The Center for Democracy & Technology is a nonprofit organization that advocates for Internet freedom and online privacy through government public policy. Analyses such as this interpret the governmental propositions for Internet users and promote democracy by allowing all the opportunity to agree or disagree with the proposition prior to its ruling. This analysis is posted publicly on the Internet, in compliance with the mission of CDT, and addresses each section of the Data Protection Regulation and the potential pitfalls of each article. The two major issues the CDT addresses in this analysis of the Data Protection Regulation are the inflexible rules against profiling users based on their Internet usage and the parental consent policy in regards to controlling the online information of children. The European Union seems to be following the lead of the Obama administration’s recently implemented privacy bill and global Internet privacy policies are on the horizon.",0,null,"Besides IP being within the scope of the definition for PII , what else is classified as such under general data protection regulation ?","However, in the  EU rules, there has been a clearer notion that the data subject can potentially be identified through additional processing of other attributes—quasi- or pseudo-identifiers. In the proposed EU General Data Protection Regulation, this has been formalized in Article 4: a \"data subject\" is one \"who can be identified, directly or indirectly, by means reasonably likely to be used by the controller or by any other natural or legal person\".",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What else can the general data protection regulation protect and safeguard as personal data , besides IP ?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",0,"","What is the full range of personal data covered by GDPR ?","â€“ The GDPRâ€™s definition of personal data is different than from the 1998 Data Protection Act. â€“ The new definition is simpler and covers a broad range of data types. Including â€˜online identifiersâ€™.",0,null,90,true,"91_4_CAR_a6f2610eb8c5519ffa2478b046c13f4e9d2ee71f","CAR_a6f2610eb8c5519ffa2478b046c13f4e9d2ee71f","91_4_CAR_ebf4920d50acfaebfab47851a49e41aaed9173a7","CAR_ebf4920d50acfaebfab47851a49e41aaed9173a7","91_4_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f",null,"Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_7170698","91_4_MARCO_7170698","The GDPR definition is much broader: â€œany information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person.â€\u009d The definition adds further detail that confirms the breadth of the what the GDPR means by personal data:",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_5","What does GDPR change in US organizations ' data protection laws ?","In May 2018, a European privacy law, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), is due to take effect. The GDPR imposes new rules on companies, government agencies, non-profits, and other organizations that offer goods and services to people in the European Union (EU), or that collect and analyze data tied to EU residents.",0,null,"How does GDPR affect US companies ' business practices ?","GDPR will clearly have an impact on how businesses manage data, but it also may have an impact on their bottom line. PHOTO: Aranami Any businesses still hedging their bets on the impact of the EUâ€™s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) may end up getting caught flat-footed if they donâ€™t have the right strategy in place.",0,"","How can US businesses prepare for the implementation of GDPR ?","The new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) will come into play in May 2018, and you need to start preparing now. I f you havenâ€™t already heard about the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), or youâ€™ve heard of it but your organisation has yet to prepare for the upcoming changes in rules, now is the right time to start.",0,"","How do big companies adapt to GDPR ?","A new right to data portability. One of the responses of the GDPR to the so-called â€œBig Dataâ€\u009d trend is the creation of a new right to data portability that aims to increase user choice of online services. format_quoteWhere feasible, the controller may even be required to transmit the data directly to a competitor.",0,null,91,false,"91_5_MARCO_1109620","MARCO_1109620","91_5_MARCO_8090942","MARCO_8090942","91_5_MARCO_8090940","MARCO_8090940",null,"How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_1312919","91_5_MARCO_1312919","In May 2018, a European privacy law, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), is due to take effect. The GDPR imposes new rules on companies, government agencies, non-profits, and other organizations that offer goods and services to people in the European Union (EU), or that collect and analyze data tied to EU residents.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_5","What does GDPR change in US organizations ' data protection laws ?","Since early 2012, the European Union has been working on a General Data Protection Regulation to replace the Data Protection Directive and harmonise data protection and privacy law. On 20 October 2013, a committee at the European Parliament backed the measure, which, if it is enacted, could require American companies to seek clearance from European officials before complying with United States warrants seeking private data. The vote is part of efforts in Europe to shield citizens from online surveillance in the wake of revelations about a far-reaching spying program by the U.S. National Security Agency. European Union justice and rights commissioner Viviane Reding said \"The question has arisen whether the large-scale collection and processing of personal information under US surveillance programmes is necessary and proportionate to meet the interests of national security.\" The EU is also asking the US for changes to US legislation to match the legal redress offered in Europe; American citizens in Europe can go to the courts if they feel their rights are infringed but Europeans without right of residence in America cannot. When the EU / US arrangement to implement International Safe Harbor Privacy Principles were struck down by the European Court of Justice, a new framework for transatlantic data flows, called the \"EU-US Privacy Shield\", was adopted in July 2016.",1,null,"How does GDPR affect US companies ' business practices ?","This means that if any EU or non-EU company wants to stay in business, as controller or processor, it will have to implement the necessary controls to ensure that they comply with the EU GDPR, because the fines can be applied to both controllers and processors.",1,"","How can US businesses prepare for the implementation of GDPR ?","The French Privacy Authority publishes a 6-step methodology for GDPR compliance. The French data protection authority (CNIL) issued a 6-step methodology for companies that want to prepare for the changes that will apply under the EU the General Data Protection Regulation (â€œGDPRâ€\u009d).",0,"","How do big companies adapt to GDPR ?","With new obligations on such matters as data subject consent, data anonymization, breach notification, trans-border data transfers, and appointment of data protection officers, to name a few, the GDPR requires companies handling EU citizensâ€™ data to undertake major operational reform.",0,null,91,false,"91_5_CAR_6c47eb74e459d7c83ccda62959ea9c64c255e4bc","CAR_6c47eb74e459d7c83ccda62959ea9c64c255e4bc","91_5_MARCO_8216375","MARCO_8216375","91_5_MARCO_8776210","MARCO_8776210",null,"How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_995087","91_5_MARCO_995087","Since early 2012, the European Union has been working on a General Data Protection Regulation to replace the Data Protection Directive and harmonise data protection and privacy law. On 20 October 2013, a committee at the European Parliament backed the measure, which, if it is enacted, could require American companies to seek clearance from European officials before complying with United States warrants seeking private data. The vote is part of efforts in Europe to shield citizens from online surveillance in the wake of revelations about a far-reaching spying program by the U.S. National Security Agency. European Union justice and rights commissioner Viviane Reding said \"The question has arisen whether the large-scale collection and processing of personal information under US surveillance programmes is necessary and proportionate to meet the interests of national security.\" The EU is also asking the US for changes to US legislation to match the legal redress offered in Europe; American citizens in Europe can go to the courts if they feel their rights are infringed but Europeans without right of residence in America cannot. When the EU / US arrangement to implement International Safe Harbor Privacy Principles were struck down by the European Court of Justice, a new framework for transatlantic data flows, called the \"EU-US Privacy Shield\", was adopted in July 2016.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_5","What does GDPR change in US organizations ' data protection laws ?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",0,null,"How does GDPR affect US companies ' business practices ?","In May 2018, a European privacy law, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), is due to take effect. The GDPR imposes new rules on companies, government agencies, non-profits, and other organizations that offer goods and services to people in the European Union (EU), or that collect and analyze data tied to EU residents.",0,"","How can US businesses prepare for the implementation of GDPR ?","In May 2018, a European privacy law, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), is due to take effect. The GDPR imposes new rules on companies, government agencies, non-profits, and other organizations that offer goods and services to people in the European Union (EU), or that collect and analyze data tied to EU residents.",0,"","How do big companies adapt to GDPR ?","In May 2018, a European privacy law, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), is due to take effect. The GDPR imposes new rules on companies, government agencies, non-profits, and other organizations that offer goods and services to people in the European Union (EU), or that collect and analyze data tied to EU residents.",0,null,91,false,"91_5_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","91_5_MARCO_1109620","MARCO_1109620","91_5_MARCO_1109620","MARCO_1109620",null,"How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_1109620","91_5_MARCO_1109620","This regulation is called the EU General Data Protection Regulation or GDPR, and is aimed at guiding and regulating the way companies across the world will handle their customersâ€™ personal information and creating strengthened and unified data protection for all individuals within the EU.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","91_6","How do you address privacy issues in social media networks ?","There is hence a dire need for improving User's awareness swiftly, in order to address growing security and privacy concerns caused due to merely user's unawareness. Social networking sites themselves can take a responsibility and make such awareness possible by means of participatory methods by virtual online means.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Tell me about security concerns in social media .","Safety issues (including security, privacy, and trust) in mobile social networks are concerned about the condition of being protected against different types of failure, damage, error, accidents, harm or any other non-desirable event, while mobile carriers contact each other in mobile environments. However, lack of a protective infrastructure in these networks has turned them in to convenient targets for various perils. This is the main impulse why MSNs carry disparate and intricate safety concerns and embrace divergent safety challenging problems.",1,"","What about privacy concerns in the social network ?","Safety issues (including security, privacy, and trust) in mobile social networks are concerned about the condition of being protected against different types of failure, damage, error, accidents, harm or any other non-desirable event, while mobile carriers contact each other in mobile environments. However, lack of a protective infrastructure in these networks has turned them in to convenient targets for various perils. This is the main impulse why MSNs carry disparate and intricate safety concerns and embrace divergent safety challenging problems.",1,"","Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks .","Another privacy issue with social networks is the privacy agreement. The privacy agreement states that the social network owns all of the content that users upload. This includes pictures, videos, and messages are all stored in the social networks database even if the user decides to terminate his or her account.",1,null,92,true,"91_6_CAR_ba92a4a0cb33953699c512a4a4be5df931ac3dc2","CAR_ba92a4a0cb33953699c512a4a4be5df931ac3dc2","91_6_CAR_7bda7499402e79e8a2b539c13ce93d8bc2b56e2c","CAR_7bda7499402e79e8a2b539c13ce93d8bc2b56e2c","91_6_CAR_7bda7499402e79e8a2b539c13ce93d8bc2b56e2c","CAR_7bda7499402e79e8a2b539c13ce93d8bc2b56e2c",null,"OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","CAR_87bb2cd8ca22dab4d528a85844a0e3a184d077d7","91_6_CAR_87bb2cd8ca22dab4d528a85844a0e3a184d077d7","Social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. Privacy concerns with social networking services is a subset of data privacy, involving the right of mandating personal privacy concerning storing, re-purposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via the Internet. Social network security and privacy issues result from the astronomical amounts of information these sites process each day. Features that invite users to participate in—messages, invitations, photos, open platform applications and other applications are often the venues for others to gain access to a user's private information. In addition, the technologies needed to deal with user’s information may intrude their privacy. More specifically, In the case of Facebook. Adrienne Felt, a Ph.D. candidate at Berkeley, made small headlines last year when she exposed a potentially devastating hole in the framework of Facebook's third-party application programming interface (API). It made it easier for people to lose their privacy. Felt and her co-researchers found that third-party platform applications on Facebook are provided with far more user information than it is needed. This potential privacy breach is actually built into the systematic framework of Facebook. Unfortunately, the flaws render the system to be almost indefensible. \"The question for social networks is resolving the difference between mistakes in implementation and what the design of the application platform is intended to allow,\" said David Evans, Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of Virginia. Moreover, there is also the question of who should be held responsible for the lack of user privacy? According to Evan, the answer to the question is not likely to be found, because a better regulated API would be required for Facebook \"to break a lot of applications, [especially when] a lot of companies are trying to make money off [these] applications.\" Felt agrees with her conclusion, because \"there are marketing businesses built on top of the idea that third parties can get access to data and user information on Facebook.\"",1,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","91_6","How do you address privacy issues in social media networks ?","Movim addresses the privacy concerns related to centralized social networks by allowing users set up their own server (or \"pod\") to host content; pods can then interact to share status updates, photographs, and other social data. Users can export their data to other pods or offline allowing for greater flexibility.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Tell me about security concerns in social media .","Despite of the advantages of distributed search, it shares several same security concerns as the traditionally centralized case. The security concerns can be classified into three categories: data privacy, data integrity and secure social search. Data privacy protection is defined as the way users can fully control their data and manage its accessibility. The solutions for data privacy include information substitution, attributed based encryption and identity based broadcast encryption. The data integrity is defined as the protection of data from unauthorized or improper modifications and deletions. The solutions for data integrity are digital signature, hash chaining and embedded signing key. The solutions for secure social search are blind signature, zero knowledge proof and resource handler.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What about privacy concerns in the social network ?","However, increased use of social networking sites has provoked concern about privacy in the workplace, and the protection of company data. A survey of 1,400 chief information officers also revealed concerns about the potential for employee distraction, if they were given unlimited access to social networking sites such as Twitter.",0,"","Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks .","Social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. Privacy concerns with social networking services is a subset of data privacy, involving the right of mandating personal privacy concerning storing, re-purposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via the Internet. Social network security and privacy issues result from the astronomical amounts of information these sites process each day. Features that invite users to participate in—messages, invitations, photos, open platform applications and other applications are often the venues for others to gain access to a user's private information. In addition, the technologies needed to deal with user’s information may intrude their privacy. More specifically, In the case of Facebook. Adrienne Felt, a Ph.D. candidate at Berkeley, made small headlines last year when she exposed a potentially devastating hole in the framework of Facebook's third-party application programming interface (API). It made it easier for people to lose their privacy. Felt and her co-researchers found that third-party platform applications on Facebook are provided with far more user information than it is needed. This potential privacy breach is actually built into the systematic framework of Facebook. Unfortunately, the flaws render the system to be almost indefensible. \"The question for social networks is resolving the difference between mistakes in implementation and what the design of the application platform is intended to allow,\" said David Evans, Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of Virginia. Moreover, there is also the question of who should be held responsible for the lack of user privacy? According to Evan, the answer to the question is not likely to be found, because a better regulated API would be required for Facebook \"to break a lot of applications, [especially when] a lot of companies are trying to make money off [these] applications.\" Felt agrees with her conclusion, because \"there are marketing businesses built on top of the idea that third parties can get access to data and user information on Facebook.\"",3,null,92,true,"91_6_CAR_7c9b92b579ca872946c2eab80f01437c856e3fbf","CAR_7c9b92b579ca872946c2eab80f01437c856e3fbf","91_6_CAR_7b0c9acf68bb144e6bd6bd92c94a4c60b53d291b","CAR_7b0c9acf68bb144e6bd6bd92c94a4c60b53d291b","91_6_CAR_6b84ac7d9671f7f23c7f0ca9077d7249f4867a99","CAR_6b84ac7d9671f7f23c7f0ca9077d7249f4867a99",null,"OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","CAR_6bca7c398960273b4182833a4b820348ce35d009","91_6_CAR_6bca7c398960273b4182833a4b820348ce35d009","Another privacy issue with social networks is the privacy agreement. The privacy agreement states that the social network owns all of the content that users upload. This includes pictures, videos, and messages are all stored in the social networks database even if the user decides to terminate his or her account.",3,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","91_6","How do you address privacy issues in social media networks ?","Social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. Privacy concerns with social networking services is a subset of data privacy, involving the right of mandating personal privacy concerning storing, re-purposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via the Internet. Social network security and privacy issues result from the astronomical amounts of information these sites process each day. Features that invite users to participate in—messages, invitations, photos, open platform applications and other applications are often the venues for others to gain access to a user's private information. In addition, the technologies needed to deal with user’s information may intrude their privacy. More specifically, In the case of Facebook. Adrienne Felt, a Ph.D. candidate at Berkeley, made small headlines last year when she exposed a potentially devastating hole in the framework of Facebook's third-party application programming interface (API). It made it easier for people to lose their privacy. Felt and her co-researchers found that third-party platform applications on Facebook are provided with far more user information than it is needed. This potential privacy breach is actually built into the systematic framework of Facebook. Unfortunately, the flaws render the system to be almost indefensible. \"The question for social networks is resolving the difference between mistakes in implementation and what the design of the application platform is intended to allow,\" said David Evans, Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of Virginia. Moreover, there is also the question of who should be held responsible for the lack of user privacy? According to Evan, the answer to the question is not likely to be found, because a better regulated API would be required for Facebook \"to break a lot of applications, [especially when] a lot of companies are trying to make money off [these] applications.\" Felt agrees with her conclusion, because \"there are marketing businesses built on top of the idea that third parties can get access to data and user information on Facebook.\"",3,null,"Tell me about security concerns in social media .","Perhaps the biggest issue in the militaryâ€™s use of social media is security. And one of the biggest problems with security is that the traditional, bureaucratic approach isnâ€™t flexible enough to keep up with the rapidly changing social media landscape.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What about privacy concerns in the social network ?","There are arguments that \"privacy is dead\" and that with social media growing more and more, some heavy social media users appear to have become quite unconcerned with privacy. Others argue, however, that people are still very concerned about their privacy, but are being ignored by the companies running these social networks, who can sometimes make a profit off of sharing someone's personal information. There is also a disconnect between social media user's words and their actions. Studies suggest that surveys show that people want to keep their lives private, but their actions on social media suggest otherwise. Another factor is ignorance of how accessible social media posts are. Some social media users who have been criticized for inappropriate comments stated that they did not realize that anyone outside their circle of friends would read their post; in fact, on some social media sites, unless a user selects higher privacy settings, their content is shared with a wide audience.",3,"","Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks .","Privacy on social networking sites can be undermined by many factors. For example, users may disclose personal information, sites may not take adequate steps to protect user privacy, and third parties frequently use information posted on social networks for a variety of purposes. \"For the Net generation, social networking sites have become the preferred forum for social interactions, from posturing and role playing to simply sounding off. However, because such forums are relatively easy to access, posted content can be reviewed by anyone with an interest in the users' personal information\". The UK government has plans to monitor traffic on social networks. As well, schemes similar to e-mail jamming have been proposed for networks such as Twitter and Facebook. These would involve \"friending\" and \"following\" large numbers of random people to thwart attempts at network analysis. Privacy concerns have been found to differ between users according to gender and personality. Women are less likely to publish information that reveals methods of contacting them. Personality measures openness, extraversion, and conscientiousness were found to positively affect the willingness to disclose data, while neuroticism decreases the willingness to disclose personal information.",3,null,92,true,"91_6_CAR_6bca7c398960273b4182833a4b820348ce35d009","CAR_6bca7c398960273b4182833a4b820348ce35d009","91_6_MARCO_5563490","MARCO_5563490","91_6_CAR_22867438298ebd6964d4009031d0458e4c0bf852","CAR_22867438298ebd6964d4009031d0458e4c0bf852",null,"OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","CAR_25387db808afa7bd455e54d7f7622239a553afe9","91_6_CAR_25387db808afa7bd455e54d7f7622239a553afe9","Privacy on social networking sites can be undermined by many factors. For example, users may disclose personal information, sites may not take adequate steps to protect user privacy, and third parties frequently use information posted on social networks for a variety of purposes. \"For the Net generation, social networking sites have become the preferred forum for social interactions, from posturing and role playing to simply sounding off. However, because such forums are relatively easy to access, posted content can be reviewed by anyone with an interest in the users' personal information\". The UK government has plans to monitor traffic on social networks. As well, schemes similar to e-mail jamming have been proposed for networks such as Twitter and Facebook. These would involve \"friending\" and \"following\" large numbers of random people to thwart attempts at network analysis. Privacy concerns have been found to differ between users according to gender and personality. Women are less likely to publish information that reveals methods of contacting them. Personality measures openness, extraversion, and conscientiousness were found to positively affect the willingness to disclose data, while neuroticism decreases the willingness to disclose personal information.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","91_7","What do social media users get for giving up their personal data ?","Several web sites concerned with social networking, such as Plugtodo.com and Salesforce.com have criticized the lack of information that users get when they share data. Advanced users cannot limit the amount of information anyone can access in their profiles, but Facebook promotes the sharing of personal information for marketing purposes, leading to the promotion of the service using personal data from users who are not fully aware of this. Facebook exposes personal data, without supporting open standards for data interchange. According to several communities and authors closed social networking, on the other hand, promotes data retrieval from other people while not exposing one's personal information.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What does one get out of giving away his privacy ?","Sand selfie: Despite parents being concerned over their privacy settings on social media sites, they continue to post photos online, sometimes giving away their geographical location. In other cases, children's photos have become the target of cruel jokes and cyber bullying.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why do social network users give up their privacy ?","Online communities like social networking websites have a very unclear distinction between private and public information. For most social networks, users have to give personal information to add to their profiles. Usually, users can control what type of information other people in the online community can access based on the users familiarity with the people or the users level of comfort. These limitations are known as \"privacy settings\". Privacy settings bring up the question of how privacy settings and terms of service affect the expectation of privacy in social media. After all, the purpose of an online community is to share a common space with one another. Furthermore, it is hard to take legal action when a user feels that his or her privacy has been invaded because he or she technically knew what the online community entailed. Creator of the social networking site Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg, noticed a change in users' behavior from when he first initiated Facebook. It seemed that \"society's willingness to share has created an environment where privacy concerns are less important to users of social networks today than they were when social networking began\".  However even though a user might keep his or her personal information private, his or her activity is open to the whole web to access. When a user posts information to a site or comments or responds to information posted by others, social networking sites create a tracking record of the user's activity.",0,"","What do social networks get in return for their privacy ?","Another privacy issue with social networks is the privacy agreement. The privacy agreement states that the social network owns all of the content that users upload. This includes pictures, videos, and messages are all stored in the social networks database even if the user decides to terminate his or her account.",1,null,93,false,"91_7_CAR_5db1f4ed3d3c7da596cb98d36a98507044e69371","CAR_5db1f4ed3d3c7da596cb98d36a98507044e69371","91_7_MARCO_6476157","MARCO_6476157","91_7_CAR_cd81be5152101677286d16cbeb491adb8b37cd59","CAR_cd81be5152101677286d16cbeb491adb8b37cd59",null,"What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","CAR_87bb2cd8ca22dab4d528a85844a0e3a184d077d7","91_7_CAR_87bb2cd8ca22dab4d528a85844a0e3a184d077d7","There is also the lack of transparency and privacy with companies who collect and share their user's data. This is a critical issue with both the trust and belief of the data and its uses. Many social networks have argued that their user's forfeit part of their privacy in order to provide their service for free. Several of these companies choose not to fully disclose what data is collected and who it is shared with. When data is volunteered to companies it is difficult to know what companies have gain data about you and your online activity. Much of an individual's data is shared with websites and social networks in order to provide a more customized marketing experience. Many of those social networks may share your information with intelligent  agencies and authorities without a user's knowledge. Since the recent scandal involving Edward Snowden and National Security Agency it has been revealed that authorities may have access to more data from various devices and platforms. It has become very difficult to know what will happen with your data or what specifically has been collected. It is also important to recognize that while online users are worried about their information many of those same worries are not always applied to their activities or behavior. With social networks collecting a large amount of personal data such as birth date, legal name, sex, and photos there is an issue of dataveillance compromising confidentiality. Ultimately, dataveillance can comprise online anonymity.",1,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","91_7","What do social media users get for giving up their personal data ?","Privacy rights advocates warn users on social media about the collection of their personal data. Some information is captured without the user's knowledge or consent through electronic tracking and third party applications. Data may also be collected for law enforcement and governmental purposes, by social media intelligence using data mining techniques. Data and information may also be collected for third party use. When information is shared on social media, that information is no longer private. There have been many cases in which young persons especially, share personal information, which can attract predators. It is very important to monitor what you share, and to be aware of who you could potentially be sharing that information with. Teens especially share significantly more information on the internet now than they have in the past. Teen are much more likely to share their personal information, such as email address, phone number, and school names. Studies suggest that teens are not aware of what they are posting and how much of that information can be accessed by third parties.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What does one get out of giving away his privacy ?","Google makes their billions by knowing what you do, where you are, what you buy, and what type of hemorrhoid cream you prefer. Seriously, they want to know everything about you and giving us a browser on our computer is the absolute best way to get that information. That makes Chrome a huge privacy risk in my opinion.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why do social network users give up their privacy ?","Sand selfie: Despite parents being concerned over their privacy settings on social media sites, they continue to post photos online, sometimes giving away their geographical location. In other cases, children's photos have become the target of cruel jokes and cyber bullying.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What do social networks get in return for their privacy ?","Several social networking sites try to protect the personal information of their subscribers. On Facebook, for example, privacy settings are available to all registered users: they can block certain individuals from seeing their profile, they can choose their \"friends\", and they can limit who has access to one's pictures and videos. Privacy settings are also available on other social networking sites such as Google Plus and Twitter. The user can apply such settings when providing personal information on the internet.",0,null,93,false,"91_7_CAR_109928d08708526fac1a32c8fe8e58d0e310a44d","CAR_109928d08708526fac1a32c8fe8e58d0e310a44d","91_7_MARCO_7760400","MARCO_7760400","91_7_MARCO_6476157","MARCO_6476157",null,"What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","CAR_4f38b19bdab4f72e86492f23e4bc3190c4a6a4bd","91_7_CAR_4f38b19bdab4f72e86492f23e4bc3190c4a6a4bd","Privacy on social networking sites can be undermined by many factors. For example, users may disclose personal information, sites may not take adequate steps to protect user privacy, and third parties frequently use information posted on social networks for a variety of purposes. \"For the Net generation, social networking sites have become the preferred forum for social interactions, from posturing and role playing to simply sounding off. However, because such forums are relatively easy to access, posted content can be reviewed by anyone with an interest in the users' personal information\". The UK government has plans to monitor traffic on social networks. As well, schemes similar to e-mail jamming have been proposed for networks such as Twitter and Facebook. These would involve \"friending\" and \"following\" large numbers of random people to thwart attempts at network analysis. Privacy concerns have been found to differ between users according to gender and personality. Women are less likely to publish information that reveals methods of contacting them. Personality measures openness, extraversion, and conscientiousness were found to positively affect the willingness to disclose data, while neuroticism decreases the willingness to disclose personal information.",0,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","91_7","What do social media users get for giving up their personal data ?","There is also the lack of transparency and privacy with companies who collect and share their user's data. This is a critical issue with both the trust and belief of the data and its uses. Many social networks have argued that their user's forfeit part of their privacy in order to provide their service for free. Several of these companies choose not to fully disclose what data is collected and who it is shared with. When data is volunteered to companies it is difficult to know what companies have gain data about you and your online activity. Much of an individual's data is shared with websites and social networks in order to provide a more customized marketing experience. Many of those social networks may share your information with intelligent  agencies and authorities without a user's knowledge. Since the recent scandal involving Edward Snowden and National Security Agency it has been revealed that authorities may have access to more data from various devices and platforms. It has become very difficult to know what will happen with your data or what specifically has been collected. It is also important to recognize that while online users are worried about their information many of those same worries are not always applied to their activities or behavior. With social networks collecting a large amount of personal data such as birth date, legal name, sex, and photos there is an issue of dataveillance compromising confidentiality. Ultimately, dataveillance can comprise online anonymity.",0,null,"What does one get out of giving away his privacy ?","Invasion of Your Privacy is the second album by American heavy metal band Ratt. It was released in 1985 and featured the singles \"Lay It Down\", \"You're in Love\" and \"What You Give Is What You Get\". Beau Hill produced the album, and the cover-model is Playboy model Marianne Gravatte, who also made an appearance in the \"Lay It Down\" music video.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why do social network users give up their privacy ?","Social Media Privacy Settings Are Important. We all enjoy keeping up with friends and family on social media, but we have to be mindful of our privacy and security when we do. 1. Understand what information the site needs for your account and how they use it in the first place. Never give more information than is necessary to operate an account.",1,"","What do social networks get in return for their privacy ?","Privacy on social networking sites can be undermined by many factors. For example, users may disclose personal information, sites may not take adequate steps to protect user privacy, and third parties frequently use information posted on social networks for a variety of purposes. \"For the Net generation, social networking sites have become the preferred forum for social interactions, from posturing and role playing to simply sounding off. However, because such forums are relatively easy to access, posted content can be reviewed by anyone with an interest in the users' personal information\". The UK government has plans to monitor traffic on social networks. As well, schemes similar to e-mail jamming have been proposed for networks such as Twitter and Facebook. These would involve \"friending\" and \"following\" large numbers of random people to thwart attempts at network analysis. Privacy concerns have been found to differ between users according to gender and personality. Women are less likely to publish information that reveals methods of contacting them. Personality measures openness, extraversion, and conscientiousness were found to positively affect the willingness to disclose data, while neuroticism decreases the willingness to disclose personal information.",1,null,93,false,"91_7_CAR_d5bc595d0267a7c775eb15104b7f3b93abdc1e60","CAR_d5bc595d0267a7c775eb15104b7f3b93abdc1e60","91_7_CAR_f57ad7b0019d84b9af0d573d91bbf8b9522c3764","CAR_f57ad7b0019d84b9af0d573d91bbf8b9522c3764","91_7_MARCO_2879427","MARCO_2879427",null,"What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","CAR_25387db808afa7bd455e54d7f7622239a553afe9","91_7_CAR_25387db808afa7bd455e54d7f7622239a553afe9","Social networking sites try to get users to use their real names, interests, and locations, rather than pseudonyms. These website's leaders believe this makes the social networking experience more engaging for users. On the other hand, uploaded photographs or unguarded statements can be identified to an individual, who may regret this exposure. Employers, schools, parents, and other relatives may be influenced by aspects of social networking profiles, such as text posts or digital photos, that the posting individual did not intend for these audiences. On-line bullies may make use of personal information to harass or stalk users. Modern social networking websites allow fine grained control of the privacy settings for each individual posting, but these can be complex and not easy to find or use, especially for beginners. Photographs and videos posted onto websites have caused particular problems, as they can add a person's face to an on-line profile. With modern and potential facial recognition technology, it may then be possible to relate that face with other, previously anonymous, images, events and scenarios that have been imaged elsewhere. Because of image caching, mirroring and copying, it is difficult to remove an image from the World Wide Web.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","91_8","What is the addiction of social media users to giving up personal data ? What are the signs ?","Recent studies have shown a connection between online social media such as Facebook use to addictive behaviors, emotion regulation, impulse control, and substance abuse. Results from a survey of university undergraduates showed that almost 10% met criteria for what investigators describe as \"disordered social networking use.\" Respondents who met criteria for \"Facebook addiction\" also reported statistically significant symptoms commonly linked to addiction, such as tolerance (increased Facebook use over time), withdrawal (irritability when unable to access Facebook), and cravings to access the site, she added. \"Our findings suggest that there may be shared mechanisms underlying both substance and behavioral addictions,\" Hormes added.",3,null,"What are some common symptoms of dependence on privacy ?","Symptoms of dependence: tolerance resulting in higher levels needed to achieve the same calming effect. Symptoms of psychological dependence: needing the drug to function and being obsessed with obtaining the drug. Symptoms of withdrawal: restlessness, insomnia, anxiety, seizures, even death in some cases.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some signs of social network addiction ?","Common symptoms and signs of chemical dependency. People who are addicted to drugs or alcohol may exhibit a wide range of symptoms and signs. Not everyone experiences dependency in the same way, so some people only show one or two of the signs of chemical dependency, while others exhibit multiple symptoms.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the symptoms of social network privacy addiction ?","Recent studies have shown a connection between online social media such as Facebook use to addictive behaviors, emotion regulation, impulse control, and substance abuse. Results from a survey of university undergraduates showed that almost 10% met criteria for what investigators describe as \"disordered social networking use.\" Respondents who met criteria for \"Facebook addiction\" also reported statistically significant symptoms commonly linked to addiction, such as tolerance (increased Facebook use over time), withdrawal (irritability when unable to access Facebook), and cravings to access the site, she added. \"Our findings suggest that there may be shared mechanisms underlying both substance and behavioral addictions,\" Hormes added.",3,null,94,true,"91_8_CAR_43ff1c0a9af250ae161870ea580dfb139e76f7b1","CAR_43ff1c0a9af250ae161870ea580dfb139e76f7b1","91_8_MARCO_6652863","MARCO_6652863","91_8_MARCO_6450660","MARCO_6450660",null,"What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","CAR_43ff1c0a9af250ae161870ea580dfb139e76f7b1","91_8_CAR_43ff1c0a9af250ae161870ea580dfb139e76f7b1","Recent studies have shown a connection between online social media such as Facebook use to addictive behaviors, emotion regulation, impulse control, and substance abuse. Results from a survey of university undergraduates showed that almost 10% met criteria for what investigators describe as \"disordered social networking use.\" Respondents who met criteria for \"Facebook addiction\" also reported statistically significant symptoms commonly linked to addiction, such as tolerance (increased Facebook use over time), withdrawal (irritability when unable to access Facebook), and cravings to access the site, she added. \"Our findings suggest that there may be shared mechanisms underlying both substance and behavioral addictions,\" Hormes added.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","91_8","What is the addiction of social media users to giving up personal data ? What are the signs ?","Social Media Is Addictive. Social media is addictive. So addictive, in fact, that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders considered including â€œinternet addiction disorderâ€\u009d to the list of genuine afflictions in the most recent publication of the handbook for psychologists.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some common symptoms of dependence on privacy ?","Common symptoms and signs of chemical dependency. People who are addicted to drugs or alcohol may exhibit a wide range of symptoms and signs. Not everyone experiences dependency in the same way, so some people only show one or two of the signs of chemical dependency, while others exhibit multiple symptoms.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some signs of social network addiction ?","Some common symptoms are:",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the symptoms of social network privacy addiction ?","A more recent addiction that is being looked into is Internet addiction (also known as pathological Internet use).  This addiction has become more prevalent in younger generations as computer technologies advance. When people suffer from internet addiction they are unable to control their use of the Internet. This can lead to psychological, social, school and work difficulties. Those addicted to the internet may be drawn to social networking sites, online games or other sites. Symptoms of this addiction include the following: mood changes, excessive time spent online, perceived social control while online, and withdrawal when away from the computer.",2,null,94,true,"91_8_MARCO_7873930","MARCO_7873930","91_8_MARCO_6450660","MARCO_6450660","91_8_CAR_93e187f37dc04418c739caaa154bd010a0f5829e","CAR_93e187f37dc04418c739caaa154bd010a0f5829e",null,"What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","CAR_cfc17a5422c98785d8da6e22bff60a8a66596b0c","91_8_CAR_cfc17a5422c98785d8da6e22bff60a8a66596b0c","A more recent addiction that is being looked into is Internet addiction (also known as pathological Internet use).  This addiction has become more prevalent in younger generations as computer technologies advance. When people suffer from internet addiction they are unable to control their use of the Internet. This can lead to psychological, social, school and work difficulties. Those addicted to the internet may be drawn to social networking sites, online games or other sites. Symptoms of this addiction include the following: mood changes, excessive time spent online, perceived social control while online, and withdrawal when away from the computer.",2,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","91_8","What is the addiction of social media users to giving up personal data ? What are the signs ?","A study published in the Public Library of Science in 2013 revealed that the perception of Facebook being an important resource for social connection was diminished by the number of people found to have developed low self-esteem, and the more they used the network the lower their level of self-esteem. A current controversial topic is whether or not social media addiction should be explicitly categorized as a psychological ailment. Extended use of social media has led to increased Internet addiction, cyberbullying, sexting, sleep deprivation, and the decline of face-to-face interaction. Several clinics in the UK classify social media addiction is a certifiable medical condition with one psychiatric consultant claiming that he treats as many as one hundred cases a year. Lori Ann Wagner, a psychotherapist, argues that humans communicate best face to face with their five senses involved. In addition, a study on social media done by PhD's Hsuan-Ting Kim and Yonghwan Kim, suggests that social networking sites have begun to raise concern because of the expectations people seek to fulfill from these sites and the amount of time users are willing to invest.",0,null,"What are some common symptoms of dependence on privacy ?","Constipation and bowel obstruction are common with opiate use, as are muscle spasms and contractions. Some seizures are also common. Death may occur from any of these effects when long-term or chronic use exists. As dependence increases, the symptoms of withdrawal from narcotic drugs become more severe and painful. The symptoms last for several days and can continue for up to two weeks. Synthetic narcotics create even more severe withdrawal symptoms.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some signs of social network addiction ?","Symptoms of dependence: tolerance resulting in higher levels needed to achieve the same calming effect. Symptoms of psychological dependence: needing the drug to function and being obsessed with obtaining the drug. Symptoms of withdrawal: restlessness, insomnia, anxiety, seizures, even death in some cases.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the symptoms of social network privacy addiction ?","A study published in the Public Library of Science in 2013 revealed that the perception of Facebook being an important resource for social connection was diminished by the number of people found to have developed low self-esteem, and the more they used the network the lower their level of self-esteem. A current controversial topic is whether or not social media addiction should be explicitly categorized as a psychological ailment. Extended use of social media has led to increased Internet addiction, cyberbullying, sexting, sleep deprivation, and the decline of face-to-face interaction. Several clinics in the UK classify social media addiction is a certifiable medical condition with one psychiatric consultant claiming that he treats as many as one hundred cases a year. Lori Ann Wagner, a psychotherapist, argues that humans communicate best face to face with their five senses involved. In addition, a study on social media done by PhD's Hsuan-Ting Kim and Yonghwan Kim, suggests that social networking sites have begun to raise concern because of the expectations people seek to fulfill from these sites and the amount of time users are willing to invest.",0,null,94,true,"91_8_CAR_948a9e1dac83e768c20f858b8d8532277850ae76","CAR_948a9e1dac83e768c20f858b8d8532277850ae76","91_8_MARCO_295192","MARCO_295192","91_8_MARCO_6652863","MARCO_6652863",null,"What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","CAR_948a9e1dac83e768c20f858b8d8532277850ae76","91_8_CAR_948a9e1dac83e768c20f858b8d8532277850ae76","Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of an Online Addiction. The short-term effects of an online addiction include unfinished tasks, forgotten responsibilities and weight gain. Long-term effects are seen more in the physical symptoms such as backache, neck pain, carpal tunnel syndrome, and vision problems from staring at the screen.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","92_1","How do shoulder braces help you recover ?","Shoulder braces also reduce stress on the arms which reduces tiredness and muscle cramps during filming.",0,null,"Do shoulder braces really help injured shoulder muscles ?","Shoulder braces also reduce stress on the arms which reduces tiredness and muscle cramps during filming.",0,"","Should I wear a shoulder brace for an injury ?","Step 2. Apply protection to the shoulder and surrounding muscles with a shoulder brace, harness or sling. The protection allows the shoulder muscles to rest while preventing further damage. Avoid using the shoulder or arm for normal activities for a few days until the pain and swelling decreases.",3,"","Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury ?","Quicken the recoveryof injuries to theknee, shoulder, wrist,ankle & more withour protective rangeof trusted supports& braces. Protect muscles,boost circulationand givereassurances withour performanceenhancing taping &strapping.uicken the recoveryof injuries to theknee, shoulder, wrist,ankle & more withour protective rangeof trusted supports& braces. Protect muscles,boost circulationand givereassurances withour performanceenhancing taping &strapping.",0,null,95,false,"92_1_CAR_3cc4c6ee406518d9fbb5bf1b13ce096d8ec10b6c","CAR_3cc4c6ee406518d9fbb5bf1b13ce096d8ec10b6c","92_1_CAR_3cc4c6ee406518d9fbb5bf1b13ce096d8ec10b6c","CAR_3cc4c6ee406518d9fbb5bf1b13ce096d8ec10b6c","92_1_MARCO_748577","MARCO_748577",null,"Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","MARCO_1545520","92_1_MARCO_1545520","Quicken the recoveryof injuries to theknee, shoulder, wrist,ankle & more withour protective rangeof trusted supports& braces. Protect muscles,boost circulationand givereassurances withour performanceenhancing taping &strapping.uicken the recoveryof injuries to theknee, shoulder, wrist,ankle & more withour protective rangeof trusted supports& braces. Protect muscles,boost circulationand givereassurances withour performanceenhancing taping &strapping.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","92_1","How do shoulder braces help you recover ?","These 10 animal facts will amaze you. A shoulder splint is typically used to help keep the shoulder and upper arm stable after surgery, injury, or other trauma. These help keep the shoulder or upper arm straight and align the bones and joints, which helps the healing process.",0,null,"Do shoulder braces really help injured shoulder muscles ?","Step 2. Apply protection to the shoulder and surrounding muscles with a shoulder brace, harness or sling. The protection allows the shoulder muscles to rest while preventing further damage. Avoid using the shoulder or arm for normal activities for a few days until the pain and swelling decreases.",3,"","Should I wear a shoulder brace for an injury ?","Shoulder Braces & Slings. Short Shoulder Primer. Your shoulder joint is composed of a trio of bones: the clavicle (collarbone), the scapula (shoulder blade), and the humerus (upper arm bone). Your shoulders ability to move in a multi-directional circle makes it the most movable joint in your body.",0,"","Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury ?","McDavid braces have been used in the rehabilitation of joint injuries in both athletes and non-athletes. Post-surgery or non-surgical treatment, braces are used to keep the injured tendons, muscles, or ligaments from enduring undue stress. While studies have not shown that braces necessarily speed the recovery time after an injury, athletes often choose to continue wearing the brace even after they have recovered from their medical treatment, in order to increase their confidence in returning to competition.",0,null,95,false,"92_1_MARCO_7929339","MARCO_7929339","92_1_MARCO_748577","MARCO_748577","92_1_MARCO_923672","MARCO_923672",null,"Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","CAR_4cc601111dff2fe8bd170f1ce00589ddcdb0e587","92_1_CAR_4cc601111dff2fe8bd170f1ce00589ddcdb0e587","McDavid braces have been used in the rehabilitation of joint injuries in both athletes and non-athletes. Post-surgery or non-surgical treatment, braces are used to keep the injured tendons, muscles, or ligaments from enduring undue stress. While studies have not shown that braces necessarily speed the recovery time after an injury, athletes often choose to continue wearing the brace even after they have recovered from their medical treatment, in order to increase their confidence in returning to competition.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","92_1","How do shoulder braces help you recover ?","Quicken the recoveryof injuries to theknee, shoulder, wrist,ankle & more withour protective rangeof trusted supports& braces. Protect muscles,boost circulationand givereassurances withour performanceenhancing taping &strapping.uicken the recoveryof injuries to theknee, shoulder, wrist,ankle & more withour protective rangeof trusted supports& braces. Protect muscles,boost circulationand givereassurances withour performanceenhancing taping &strapping.",0,null,"Do shoulder braces really help injured shoulder muscles ?","It provides warmth, support and pain relief to the shoulder joint and is available in both left and right designs. Functional shoulder brace offers exceptional support without sacrificing function. It is indicated for stabilization of shoulder dislocations, subluxations and global shoulder instabilities.",3,"","Should I wear a shoulder brace for an injury ?","When the shoulder is injured and has a hairline fracture, it should be immobilized. The best way to do this is to use a shoulder sling. 3 people found this useful.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury ?","A splint or brace to keep your shoulder from moving. A sling for your arm, which you might use for a few days. Anti-inflammatory painkillers, like ibuprofen, naproxen, or aspirin which will help with pain and swelling. However, these drugs have side effects, like an increased risk of bleeding and ulcers.",0,null,95,false,"92_1_MARCO_1545520","MARCO_1545520","92_1_MARCO_7929343","MARCO_7929343","92_1_MARCO_902223","MARCO_902223",null,"Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","MARCO_4051447","92_1_MARCO_4051447","A splint or brace to keep your shoulder from moving. A sling for your arm, which you might use for a few days. Anti-inflammatory painkillers, like ibuprofen, naproxen, or aspirin which will help with pain and swelling. However, these drugs have side effects, like an increased risk of bleeding and ulcers.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","92_2","How can I strengthen my shoulder with exercise ?","Shoulder Girdle strengthening is a preventative procedure to help minimize tissue damage or other injuries while completing complex progressions in sports.  Strengthening of the shoulder area can done by exercising specific muscle groups which are as follow.  The positioners of the shoulder are the rotator cuff muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. Propellers are major movers to create force with the arms, which include larger muscles: pectoralis major/minor, latissimus dorsi, and trapezius. The stabilizers of the shoulder are the deltoid group. Several other muscles should not be forgotten that assist with control of scapula thoracic rhythm: rhomboid muscles, serratus posteriors, levator scapulae muscle, and others smaller muscles.  A key way to prevent shoulder injury is making sure to do slow and in control stretches and exercises in proper form with proper progression.  In any sporting activity proper progression should include strengthening below 90 degrees, then progressing into a 90 degree range, and then full overhead exercises.  Specific progression exercises should target rotator cuff muscles and other muscles that attach to the shoulder girdle. Many individuals at gyms are injured because of incorrect equipment use.  An experienced professional should assist with program development, progression, and implementation in injury prevention such as a certified personal trainer.  If a minor shoulder injury does occur and isn’t severe, these measures can be taken to activate and recuperate the muscles: light stretching, light weightlifting, warm or cold packs as needed, and therapeutic message. Each sport has a different shoulder movement mechanics, and when executed correctly it will put less strain on the shoulder which in-turn preserves the shoulder longer.",2,null,"How can you assist someone by doing exercises ?","Exercise: 1  Exercise is imperative! 2  Exercise help not only humans with depression, it can also assist a mourning canine. 3  Exercise will help make him tired, so that he is less likely to concern himself with the changes he is experiencing. 4  If you add morning and evening walks to your routine you will both benefit.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Which exercises can help with a shoulder injury ?","The Shoulder Joint! Exercises And Stretches. Some of the most common weight training injuries involve the shoulder joint. More often than not, these injuries are due to improper form or lack of control when doing non-shoulder specific exercises. Learn how you can prevent these kind of injuries.",0,"","Tell me more about some exercises that could help a person with a shoulder injury .","Some physical therapy exercises that can be performed to help rehab the shoulder are:While standing and using a theraband you can perform Y, T, and I’s,  Internal shoulder rotation,  External shoulder rotation,  Shoulder extensions,and Scapula squeezes While lying on your side you can perform internal rotation and external rotation with a light weight. The light weight can be any type of object such as a 1-5 lb dumbbell weight, or a soup can. Also you can foam roll the pectorals. With the foam roller you can also lie on your back on top of it and do snow angels.",3,null,96,true,"92_2_CAR_2ee1e95fcaaed38563aab9d9add86ea511072a04","CAR_2ee1e95fcaaed38563aab9d9add86ea511072a04","92_2_MARCO_133031","MARCO_133031","92_2_MARCO_7860318","MARCO_7860318",null,"Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","CAR_f41a84f9bb8d4c827a612fe06164be0cdec89c86","92_2_CAR_f41a84f9bb8d4c827a612fe06164be0cdec89c86","Isometric Exercise #1: Isometric flexion. This is a good exercise for people recovering from shoulder injuries and trying to build strength in the muscle. 1  Stand just a few inches away from a wall and just push your hands towards the wall.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","92_2","How can I strengthen my shoulder with exercise ?","Shoulder Shrugs This will strengthen the top of your shoulders and upper back and can be fit in between other arm and shoulder exercises for a quick transition. Incline Rear Deltoid Fly This challenges your balance with a split leg stance while strengthening the rear shoulders and lower back.",2,null,"How can you assist someone by doing exercises ?","What are passive range of motion exercises? Passive range of motion exercises help keep a person's joints flexible. Range of motion is how far the person's joints can be moved in different directions. The exercises help you move all the person's joints through their full range of motion. Do the exercises every day, or as often as directed by the person's healthcare provider.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Which exercises can help with a shoulder injury ?","Please try again later. These exercises can be done while you're in the sling, during the first month following a rotator cuff repair or shoulder labral repair surgery. You doctor or specialist will show you how to do these exercises after your operation. These exercises work on multiple muscles around the shoulder blade.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Tell me more about some exercises that could help a person with a shoulder injury .","Isometric Exercise #1: Isometric flexion. This is a good exercise for people recovering from shoulder injuries and trying to build strength in the muscle. 1  Stand just a few inches away from a wall and just push your hands towards the wall.",2,null,96,true,"92_2_MARCO_6757881","MARCO_6757881","92_2_MARCO_5278130","MARCO_5278130","92_2_MARCO_1514685","MARCO_1514685",null,"Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","MARCO_7907121","92_2_MARCO_7907121","More Shoulder Rehabilitation Information. Clavicle Fracture Rehab Exercise Program: The pendulum exercise is one of the standard daily exercises often recommended in rehab for a clavicle fracture (broken collarbone). This is a common sports injury that often happens in a fall by a cyclist or in other activities.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","92_2","How can I strengthen my shoulder with exercise ?","Internal Shoulder Rotation. Internal shoulder rotation is a great exercise for strengthening the rotator cuff muscles which are important for shoulder stability. Lay on your side on a bench with the knees bent and a dumbbell in the lower hand.",2,null,"How can you assist someone by doing exercises ?","We donâ€™t know the best level of exercise for someone with cancer. The goal is to have your exercise program help you keep up your muscle strength and keep you able to do the things you want and need to do. The more you exercise, the better youâ€™ll be able to exercise and function.ost people are able to slowly increase exercise time and intensity. What may be a low-or moderate-intensity activity for a healthy person may seem like a high-intensity activity for some cancer survivors. Keep in mind that moderate exercise is defined as activity that takes as much effort as a brisk walk.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Which exercises can help with a shoulder injury ?","When doing exercises which help you gain motion in the shoulder, there will be some moderate pain. There should not be extreme pain. Increased symptoms/pain for longer than an hour after motion or strengthening exercises is a sign that you have done too much. Ice the shoulder for 15 minutes after exercise or if there is any pain; a bag of frozen peas can be used. Other recommendations: Many patients find it beneficial to sleep more upright in a recliner chair after surgery. 0â€“6 weeks after surgery. You are only working on motion and it MUST be done by someone else.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Tell me more about some exercises that could help a person with a shoulder injury .","Shoulder Girdle strengthening is a preventative procedure to help minimize tissue damage or other injuries while completing complex progressions in sports.  Strengthening of the shoulder area can done by exercising specific muscle groups which are as follow.  The positioners of the shoulder are the rotator cuff muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. Propellers are major movers to create force with the arms, which include larger muscles: pectoralis major/minor, latissimus dorsi, and trapezius. The stabilizers of the shoulder are the deltoid group. Several other muscles should not be forgotten that assist with control of scapula thoracic rhythm: rhomboid muscles, serratus posteriors, levator scapulae muscle, and others smaller muscles.  A key way to prevent shoulder injury is making sure to do slow and in control stretches and exercises in proper form with proper progression.  In any sporting activity proper progression should include strengthening below 90 degrees, then progressing into a 90 degree range, and then full overhead exercises.  Specific progression exercises should target rotator cuff muscles and other muscles that attach to the shoulder girdle. Many individuals at gyms are injured because of incorrect equipment use.  An experienced professional should assist with program development, progression, and implementation in injury prevention such as a certified personal trainer.  If a minor shoulder injury does occur and isn’t severe, these measures can be taken to activate and recuperate the muscles: light stretching, light weightlifting, warm or cold packs as needed, and therapeutic message. Each sport has a different shoulder movement mechanics, and when executed correctly it will put less strain on the shoulder which in-turn preserves the shoulder longer.",2,null,96,true,"92_2_MARCO_3024123","MARCO_3024123","92_2_MARCO_4935446","MARCO_4935446","92_2_MARCO_6792800","MARCO_6792800",null,"Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","CAR_2ee1e95fcaaed38563aab9d9add86ea511072a04","92_2_CAR_2ee1e95fcaaed38563aab9d9add86ea511072a04","Updated April 18, 2016. Pendulum circles are common shoulder exercises used early in physical therapy rehab for shoulder injuries. This simple exercise helps regain range of motion in the shoulder joint and the muscles that make up the rotator cuff. The rotator cuff is a group of muscles that are often injured due to overuse and traumatic shoulder injuries, such as a fractured clavicle (collarbone).",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","92_3","What is best to deal with a sore shoulder besides the one you mentioned ?","An injured shoulder will benefit from rest. Sleep on your non-injured shoulder and use a pillow to support your injured side. This will take pressure off your sore shoulder, keep it in place and allow blood to flow to the shoulder easily, which aides in healing. You may need two pillows to support your arm in line with your injured shoulder.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Besides exercises , what are some other ways to assist someone with injured shoulder muscles ?","Shoulder Girdle strengthening is a preventative procedure to help minimize tissue damage or other injuries while completing complex progressions in sports.  Strengthening of the shoulder area can done by exercising specific muscle groups which are as follow.  The positioners of the shoulder are the rotator cuff muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. Propellers are major movers to create force with the arms, which include larger muscles: pectoralis major/minor, latissimus dorsi, and trapezius. The stabilizers of the shoulder are the deltoid group. Several other muscles should not be forgotten that assist with control of scapula thoracic rhythm: rhomboid muscles, serratus posteriors, levator scapulae muscle, and others smaller muscles.  A key way to prevent shoulder injury is making sure to do slow and in control stretches and exercises in proper form with proper progression.  In any sporting activity proper progression should include strengthening below 90 degrees, then progressing into a 90 degree range, and then full overhead exercises.  Specific progression exercises should target rotator cuff muscles and other muscles that attach to the shoulder girdle. Many individuals at gyms are injured because of incorrect equipment use.  An experienced professional should assist with program development, progression, and implementation in injury prevention such as a certified personal trainer.  If a minor shoulder injury does occur and isn’t severe, these measures can be taken to activate and recuperate the muscles: light stretching, light weightlifting, warm or cold packs as needed, and therapeutic message. Each sport has a different shoulder movement mechanics, and when executed correctly it will put less strain on the shoulder which in-turn preserves the shoulder longer.",3,"","What are some good exercises besides wearing a shoulder brace ?","If you want this exercise to really work your shoulder muscles you should make sure to be pushing yourself as far off the ground as possible. Do a bridge exercise (with an exercise ball). Just like a regular bridge exercise, this will build up strength in your arm, leg, and back muscles as well as your shoulders.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"Besides shoulder exercises , what are some other exercises that could help ?","Other Shoulder Sculpting Exercises. Including upright rows with a few other shoulder exercises once a week will put you on the road to those Linda Hamilton arms you've been envying all these years. In addition to the upright rows, do front dumbbell raises, overhead dumbbell presses and side lateral dumbbell raises once or twice a week. Perform three sets of 12 reps each and if you choose to work your shoulders more than once a week, allow at least 48 hours between workouts.",0,null,97,false,"92_3_MARCO_6895082","MARCO_6895082","92_3_CAR_2ee1e95fcaaed38563aab9d9add86ea511072a04","CAR_2ee1e95fcaaed38563aab9d9add86ea511072a04","92_3_MARCO_6842047","MARCO_6842047",null,"What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","MARCO_1863943","92_3_MARCO_1863943","As progression increases after 4–6 weeks,active exercises are now implemented into the rehabilitation process. Active exercises allow an increase in strength and further range of motion by permitting the movement of the shoulder joint without the support of a physical therapist. Active exercises include the Pendulum exercise (as shown in Image 2), which is used to strengthen the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and Subscapularis. External rotation of the shoulder with the arm at a 90-degree angle is an additional exercise done to increase control and range of motion of the Infraspinatus and Teres minor muscles. Various active exercises are done for an additional 3–6 weeks as progress is based on an individual case by case basis. At 8–12 weeks, strength training intensity will increase as free-weights and resistance bands will be implemented within the exercise prescription.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","92_3","What is best to deal with a sore shoulder besides the one you mentioned ?","Apply heat or cold to the joint. If your shoulder pain is due to a recent injury or is inflamed (warmer to touch than the other side), an ice pack may be helpful. Leave the ice pack in place for 10 minutes or so. For most other types of shoulder pain, heat packs can help to ease the pain, particularly if your muscles feel sore and tense. You can use: 1  a reusable heat pad (which you can buy from chemists and sports shops)  a microwaveable wheat bag.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Besides exercises , what are some other ways to assist someone with injured shoulder muscles ?","Physiotherapy can help manage the pain, but utilizing a program that involves continuous passive motion will reduce the pain even further. Assisted passive motion at a low intensity allows the tissues to be stretched slightly without damaging them  Continuous passive motion improves the shoulder range and enables the subject to expand their range of motion without experiencing additional pain. Easing into the motions will allow the person to continue working those muscles to keep them from undergoing atrophy, while also still maintaining that minimum level of function where daily function is allowed. Doing these exercises will also prevent tears in the muscles that will impair daily function further. Since injuries of the rotator cuff often tend to inhibit motion without first experience discomfort and pain, other methods can be done to help accommodate that.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What are some good exercises besides wearing a shoulder brace ?","Shoulder Exercises. Seated Dumbbell Shoulder Press. This exercise increases strength in the shoulders while creating balance on both sides of the body. The seated position isolates the shoulders by restricting the use of other muscles to assist with the movement. Sit on a bench with an upright back support.",3,"","Besides shoulder exercises , what are some other exercises that could help ?","Some physical therapy exercises that can be performed to help rehab the shoulder are:While standing and using a theraband you can perform Y, T, and I’s,  Internal shoulder rotation,  External shoulder rotation,  Shoulder extensions,and Scapula squeezes While lying on your side you can perform internal rotation and external rotation with a light weight. The light weight can be any type of object such as a 1-5 lb dumbbell weight, or a soup can. Also you can foam roll the pectorals. With the foam roller you can also lie on your back on top of it and do snow angels.",3,null,97,false,"92_3_MARCO_3622910","MARCO_3622910","92_3_CAR_ecf0b95b4c67926bc4eb464f8b628a91cdd796d3","CAR_ecf0b95b4c67926bc4eb464f8b628a91cdd796d3","92_3_MARCO_6138509","MARCO_6138509",null,"What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","CAR_f41a84f9bb8d4c827a612fe06164be0cdec89c86","92_3_CAR_f41a84f9bb8d4c827a612fe06164be0cdec89c86","Pendulum swings are a way to stretch and warm up your shoulder muscles. Stand and lean over with the arm hanging and swing it in small circles while gradually enlarging the size of the circles. Repeat 10 times on both arms. Stretch the back of the shoulder by pulling your arm with the opposite hand across your chest.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","92_3","What is best to deal with a sore shoulder besides the one you mentioned ?","While seated, have a partner raise the arm of your sore shoulder to the front and overhead as far as possible. Your partner should use one hand on your arm and the other hand supporting your shoulder blade (scapula).",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Besides exercises , what are some other ways to assist someone with injured shoulder muscles ?","Physical therapy and rehab therapy is also a great method to relieve pain and promote healing. According to Peter Ronai’s journal “Exercise Modifications and Strategies to Enhance Shoulder Function” appropriate training strategies for promoting shoulder stability and enhanced function can relieve shoulder pain and dysfunction. A patient who demonstrates shoulder exercises and go through a series of massages to manipulate and strengthen the shoulder. It’s of great importance to maintain mobility in the shoulder. Because when you don’t use the shoulder for periods of time you can make it worse and the muscles start to waste away. Exercising the area may be painful but under a professional you will be given exercises that will be beneficial and not damage the shoulder any further.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are some good exercises besides wearing a shoulder brace ?","Internal Shoulder Rotation. Internal shoulder rotation is a great exercise for strengthening the rotator cuff muscles which are important for shoulder stability. Lay on your side on a bench with the knees bent and a dumbbell in the lower hand.",1,"","Besides shoulder exercises , what are some other exercises that could help ?","Do the tiptoe pose in yoga. Like the shoulder stand, you'll need to practice this one to get the hang of it. Unlike the shoulder stand, this exercise helps your shoulders by opening them up rather than using them to support the rest of your body. 3. Do a wall sit with shoulder rotation.",3,null,97,false,"92_3_MARCO_1489017","MARCO_1489017","92_3_CAR_52dec3b479f915fdba22cced30e230e1bca4e5b4","CAR_52dec3b479f915fdba22cced30e230e1bca4e5b4","92_3_MARCO_3024123","MARCO_3024123",null,"What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","MARCO_6842045","92_3_MARCO_6842045","Updated April 18, 2016. Pendulum circles are common shoulder exercises used early in physical therapy rehab for shoulder injuries. This simple exercise helps regain range of motion in the shoulder joint and the muscles that make up the rotator cuff. The rotator cuff is a group of muscles that are often injured due to overuse and traumatic shoulder injuries, such as a fractured clavicle (collarbone).",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","92_4","How can I tell if my shoulder injury is serious or not ?","Shoulder problems can be minor or serious. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, numbness, tingling, weakness, changes in temperature or color, or changes in your range of motion. Shoulder injuries most commonly occur during sports activities, work-related tasks, projects around the home, or falls.houlder problems can be minor or serious. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, numbness, tingling, weakness, changes in temperature or color, or changes in your range of motion. Shoulder injuries most commonly occur during sports activities, work-related tasks, projects around the home, or falls.",2,null,"How do you know when an injury to the shoulder muscles is severe ?","Signs and symptoms of more-severe injuries can include: 1  Weakness or inability to use certain muscles in your hand, arm or shoulder. 2  Complete lack of movement and feeling in your arm, including your shoulder and hand. 3  Severe pain.",2,"","How do you know if the injury is severe ?","Finally, we have a grade-three injury, and that's the most severe and luckily the least common type of injury. That's a complete tearing of that muscle or tendon, oftentimes occurring where the muscle attaches to the tendon just above or below the joint. Those are severe and are accompanied by weakness. You no longer can use that muscle. If you examine that muscle or that injury, you'll actually feel a gap where the muscle has torn away from the tendon initially, above or below the joint. Soon, thereafter, it will fill with blood.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"How do I know if the injury to my shoulder is serious ?","RE: How do I know if I have a broken or bruised shoulder? I was doing an incline bench press the other day and the weights became unbalanced and I think too much pressure fell on my left arm. I felt my left shoulder bone/socket give in a bit but initially there was no pain.ou may have bruised it but you may have also damaged part of your rotator cuff. For now you need Rest, Ice, elevate. Normally you put compression like an ace bandage on an injured joint but that doesn't work on a shoulder.",0,null,98,true,"92_4_MARCO_525455","MARCO_525455","92_4_MARCO_5200318","MARCO_5200318","92_4_MARCO_5560915","MARCO_5560915",null,"How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","MARCO_6451471","92_4_MARCO_6451471","Most shoulder and neck pain causes are not a serious condition. The reason your shoulder is sore is that the neck and upper back are just not working correctly. If you have had a fall or injury and suddenly develop shoulder and neck pain-seek help.Any injury may affect the many sensitive structures in your neck and upper back.ost shoulder and neck pain causes are not a serious condition. The reason your shoulder is sore is that the neck and upper back are just not working correctly. If you have had a fall or injury and suddenly develop shoulder and neck pain-seek help.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","92_4","How can I tell if my shoulder injury is serious or not ?","Shoulder problems can be minor or serious. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, numbness, tingling, weakness, changes in temperature or color, or changes in your range of motion. Shoulder injuries most commonly occur during sports activities, work-related tasks, projects around the home, or falls.",3,null,"How do you know when an injury to the shoulder muscles is severe ?","Finally, we have a grade-three injury, and that's the most severe and luckily the least common type of injury. That's a complete tearing of that muscle or tendon, oftentimes occurring where the muscle attaches to the tendon just above or below the joint. Those are severe and are accompanied by weakness. You no longer can use that muscle. If you examine that muscle or that injury, you'll actually feel a gap where the muscle has torn away from the tendon initially, above or below the joint. Soon, thereafter, it will fill with blood.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"How do you know if the injury is severe ?","Signs and symptoms of more-severe injuries can include: 1  Weakness or inability to use certain muscles in your hand, arm or shoulder. 2  Complete lack of movement and feeling in your arm, including your shoulder and hand. 3  Severe pain.",2,"","How do I know if the injury to my shoulder is serious ?","If you donâ€™t do anything about a torn rotator cuff, you can have more serious problems over time. You can end up with a frozen shoulder or arthritis that is harder to treat. Diagnosis. To find out if you have a torn rotator cuff, your doctor will start with a history of the injury and a physical examination of the shoulder.",2,null,98,true,"92_4_MARCO_6971382","MARCO_6971382","92_4_MARCO_5560915","MARCO_5560915","92_4_MARCO_5200318","MARCO_5200318",null,"How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","MARCO_7524487","92_4_MARCO_7524487","If you wonder what does a torn rotator cuff feel like, begin by making small circles with your arms. If you hear clicking or popping it could be a sign of a problem. If it seems to catch mid-motion, that could also be a sign. Pay attention to your arm movement. If you are unable to move your arm up and out to the side, it could be a serious tear for someone wanting to know what does a torn rotator cuff feel like. Write down when you have shoulder pain and how severe. If the pain is constant, your injury could be more severe.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","92_4","How can I tell if my shoulder injury is serious or not ?","Shoulder problems can be minor or serious. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, numbness, tingling, weakness, changes in temperature or color, or changes in your range of motion. Shoulder injuries most commonly occur during sports activities, work-related tasks, projects around the home, or falls. Home treatment often can help relieve minor aches and pains.",0,null,"How do you know when an injury to the shoulder muscles is severe ?","While every injury is different and everyone heals at different rates, normally your shoulder should be back to normal in about eight to 12 weeks. If the injury to your shoulder is severe, your healing may take longer, or you may require shoulder surgery to help stabilize the problem.",2,"","How do you know if the injury is severe ?","What you should know about. severe brain injuries. The purpose of this publication is to provide you with. information about severe brain injuries. Such injuries. are among the most misunderstood and troubling of. all serious medical conditions. Although treatment.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do I know if the injury to my shoulder is serious ?","How quickly you recover depends on how serious your shoulder injury is. Separated shoulders may heal over a period of 6 weeks. Dislocated shoulders may take longer -- more like 3 to 12 weeks. But these lengths of time are just approximations. Everyone heals at a different rate.",0,null,98,true,"92_4_MARCO_995010","MARCO_995010","92_4_MARCO_6757882","MARCO_6757882","92_4_MARCO_8559438","MARCO_8559438",null,"How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","MARCO_566607","92_4_MARCO_566607","RE: How do I know if I have a broken or bruised shoulder? I was doing an incline bench press the other day and the weights became unbalanced and I think too much pressure fell on my left arm. I felt my left shoulder bone/socket give in a bit but initially there was no pain.ou may have bruised it but you may have also damaged part of your rotator cuff. For now you need Rest, Ice, elevate. Normally you put compression like an ace bandage on an injured joint but that doesn't work on a shoulder.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When should you consider shoulder surgery?","92_5","When should I go for surgery ?","If you need surgery, you should have it late in the second trimester (pregnancy months 4â€“6), when it is safest for the baby. Women who are hesitant to have surgery during pregnancy can postpone it until after delivery if their thyroid cancer is slow growing (papillary or follicular cancer) and not advanced.",0,null,"When is surgery necessary for an injured shoulder ?","The shoulder is the most complex and unstable joint in the body and it can get injured easily. Shoulder surgery is a means of treating injured shoulders. Many surgeries have been developed to repair the muscles, connective tissue, or damaged joints that can arise from traumatic or overuse injuries to the shoulder.",0,"","When should you do surgery for a shoulder injury ?","Your doctor will suggest that you discuss surgery with an orthopedic surgeon if you: have shoulder pain that lasts for more than six months, even after physical therapy have shoulder weakness that interferes with everyday activities",3,"","When should you consider surgery for a shoulder injury ?","Surgery. Surgery may be considered if: 1  Your rotator cuff injury is very severe. 2  You have severe pain and loss of shoulder function that haven't responded to other treatment. 3  You have shoulder weakness caused by a complete tear, especially when the rotator cuff is otherwise healthy.",3,null,99,false,"92_5_MARCO_5761507","MARCO_5761507","92_5_CAR_fdac042bf1f369f4fe1899211f9cb57cb8def198","CAR_fdac042bf1f369f4fe1899211f9cb57cb8def198","92_5_MARCO_8479907","MARCO_8479907",null,"When should you consider shoulder surgery?","MARCO_4706103","92_5_MARCO_4706103","Shoulder replacement surgery is considered when: 1  the shoulder arthritis is a major problem that negatively impacts ones quality of life, 2  one is sufficiently healthy to undergo the procedure, 3  one understands and accepts the risks and alternatives,  there is sufficient bone and tendon to permit the surgery, and.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When should you consider shoulder surgery?","92_5","When should I go for surgery ?","Most patients with spinal stenosis respond well to non-surgical treatments (such as medication), so you may not have to have surgery. However, there are situations when you may want to go ahead with spine surgery. You've tried non-surgical treatments and they haven't been successful.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"When is surgery necessary for an injured shoulder ?","Shoulder surgery. The shoulder is the most complex and unstable joint in the body and it can get injured easily. Shoulder surgery is a means of treating injured shoulders. Many surgeries have been developed to repair the muscles, connective tissue, or damaged joints that can arise from traumatic or overuse injuries to the shoulder.",0,"","When should you do surgery for a shoulder injury ?","Shoulder surgery may be performed for a variety of reasons and can be treated in different ways. Shoulders can be injured by a dislocation, shoulder separation, tendinitis, SLAP lesion, and others. Depending on the severity of the injury, treatments may include immobilization, therapy, and even surgery.",0,"","When should you consider surgery for a shoulder injury ?","Surgery may be a good first choice for shoulder weakness caused by complete tears, especially when the rotator cuff is otherwise healthy (little or no degeneration). Surgery may be considered if you have severe pain and loss of shoulder function that has not responded to appropriate nonsurgical treatment.",3,null,99,false,"92_5_MARCO_1035984","MARCO_1035984","92_5_MARCO_1629712","MARCO_1629712","92_5_MARCO_1164019","MARCO_1164019",null,"When should you consider shoulder surgery?","MARCO_1674789","92_5_MARCO_1674789","Surgery may be a good first choice for shoulder weakness caused by complete tears, especially when the rotator cuff is otherwise healthy (little or no degeneration). Surgery may be considered if you have severe pain and loss of shoulder function that has not responded to appropriate nonsurgical treatment.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When should you consider shoulder surgery?","92_5","When should I go for surgery ?","When should I talk to my doctor about hip replacement surgery? That's a question you and your orthopedic surgeon will have to answer together. But when hip pain is so bad it actually interferes with the things you want or need to do, the time may be right. Hip replacement may be an option when nonsurgical interventions such as medication physical therapy, and the use of a cane or other walking aid no longer help alleviate the pain.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"When is surgery necessary for an injured shoulder ?","Shoulder surgery may be performed for a variety of reasons and can be treated in different ways. Shoulders can be injured by a dislocation, shoulder separation, tendinitis, SLAP lesion, and others. Depending on the severity of the injury, treatments may include immobilization, therapy, and even surgery.",0,"","When should you do surgery for a shoulder injury ?","Surgery may be a good first choice for shoulder weakness caused by complete tears, especially when the rotator cuff is otherwise healthy (little or no degeneration). Surgery may be considered if you have severe pain and loss of shoulder function that has not responded to appropriate nonsurgical treatment.",3,"","When should you consider surgery for a shoulder injury ?","Surgery may be considered if: 1  Your rotator cuff injury is very severe. 2  You have severe pain and loss of shoulder function that haven't responded to other treatment. 3  You have shoulder weakness caused by a complete tear, especially when the rotator cuff is otherwise healthy.",3,null,99,false,"92_5_MARCO_3982276","MARCO_3982276","92_5_MARCO_1164019","MARCO_1164019","92_5_MARCO_1674789","MARCO_1674789",null,"When should you consider shoulder surgery?","MARCO_3456276","92_5_MARCO_3456276","Your doctor will suggest that you discuss surgery with an orthopedic surgeon if you: have shoulder pain that lasts for more than six months, even after physical therapy have shoulder weakness that interferes with everyday activities",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","92_6","Besides surgery , what are other ways to treat a sore shoulder ?","Treatment of shoulder arthritis is usually aimed at reducing pain; there is no way to replace lost cartilage except through surgery.  Pain medicines available over-the-counter can be prescribed by the doctor, but another form of treatment is cryotherapy, which is the use of cold compression.  Some vitamin supplements have been found to prevent further deterioration; glucosamine sulfate is an effective preserver of cartilage.  Another way to prevent the further loss of cartilage would be to maintain motion in the shoulder, because once it is lost, it's difficult to regain.  Steps to reduce extreme pain in cases of bad shoulder arthritis can involve the doctor giving injections directly into the shoulder, or even shoulder surgery.",2,null,"How can shoulder injuries be treated without surgery ?","Shoulder Pain. Trauma may cause a fracture of the humerus (ball) or the glenoid (socket) of the shoulder joint. The majority of these injuries can be treated without surgery with a good, long-term result.ome of the risks of surgery of shoulder replacement include infection, wound healing problems, bleeding and injury to nerves and vessels near the fracture. Sometimes the shoulder gets very stiff. Occasionally, the fracture does not heal, and another operation may be recommended.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some non - surgical ways to alleviate a shoulder injury ?","often these injuries can be resolved without surgery the goals for most shoulder injuries are to decrease inflammation alleviate pain strengthen muscles and improve range of motion the earlier you see a doctor the more conservative therapies such as physical therapy and anti inflammatory medications can help",3,"","Besides surgery , what are other ways to treat the pain of a shoulder injury ?","Treatment for Shoulder Pain. Treatment will depend on the cause and severity of the shoulder pain and may include: 1  physical therapy. 2  use of a sling or shoulder immobilizer. 3  nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs). 4  corticosteroids (powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that are injected into the shoulder). 5  surgery.",3,null,100,true,"92_6_CAR_0633dae064bba7017568f98ab629333f2e574f6d","CAR_0633dae064bba7017568f98ab629333f2e574f6d","92_6_MARCO_5601691","MARCO_5601691","92_6_MARCO_3749419","MARCO_3749419",null,"That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","MARCO_4545444","92_6_MARCO_4545444","Treating Shoulder Pain. 1  Rest: The first treatment for many common conditions that cause shoulder pain is to rest the joint, and allow the acute inflammation to subside. It is important, however, to use caution when resting the joint, because prolonged immobilization can cause a frozen shoulder.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","92_6","Besides surgery , what are other ways to treat a sore shoulder ?","Apply heat or cold to the joint. If your shoulder pain is due to a recent injury or is inflamed (warmer to touch than the other side), an ice pack may be helpful. Leave the ice pack in place for 10 minutes or so. For most other types of shoulder pain, heat packs can help to ease the pain, particularly if your muscles feel sore and tense. You can use: 1  a reusable heat pad (which you can buy from chemists and sports shops)  a microwaveable wheat bag.",3,null,"How can shoulder injuries be treated without surgery ?","often these injuries can be resolved without surgery the goals for most shoulder injuries are to decrease inflammation alleviate pain strengthen muscles and improve range of motion the earlier you see a doctor the more conservative therapies such as physical therapy and anti inflammatory medications can help",3,"","What are some non - surgical ways to alleviate a shoulder injury ?","Strength: Strengthening the muscles that support your shoulder will help keep your shoulder joint stable. Keeping these muscles strong can relieve shoulder pain and prevent further injury. Flexibility: Stretching the muscles that you strengthen is important for restoring range of motion and preventing injury.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"Besides surgery , what are other ways to treat the pain of a shoulder injury ?","Treatment of shoulder arthritis is usually aimed at reducing pain; there is no way to replace lost cartilage except through surgery.  Pain medicines available over-the-counter can be prescribed by the doctor, but another form of treatment is cryotherapy, which is the use of cold compression.  Some vitamin supplements have been found to prevent further deterioration; glucosamine sulfate is an effective preserver of cartilage.  Another way to prevent the further loss of cartilage would be to maintain motion in the shoulder, because once it is lost, it's difficult to regain.  Steps to reduce extreme pain in cases of bad shoulder arthritis can involve the doctor giving injections directly into the shoulder, or even shoulder surgery.",2,null,100,true,"92_6_MARCO_3622910","MARCO_3622910","92_6_MARCO_3749419","MARCO_3749419","92_6_MARCO_7395735","MARCO_7395735",null,"That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","CAR_0633dae064bba7017568f98ab629333f2e574f6d","92_6_CAR_0633dae064bba7017568f98ab629333f2e574f6d","Treatment of shoulder arthritis is usually aimed at reducing pain; there is no way to replace lost cartilage except through surgery.  Pain medicines available over-the-counter can be prescribed by the doctor, but another form of treatment is cryotherapy, which is the use of cold compression.  Some vitamin supplements have been found to prevent further deterioration; glucosamine sulfate is an effective preserver of cartilage.  Another way to prevent the further loss of cartilage would be to maintain motion in the shoulder, because once it is lost, it's difficult to regain.  Steps to reduce extreme pain in cases of bad shoulder arthritis can involve the doctor giving injections directly into the shoulder, or even shoulder surgery.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","92_6","Besides surgery , what are other ways to treat a sore shoulder ?","An injured shoulder will benefit from rest. Sleep on your non-injured shoulder and use a pillow to support your injured side. This will take pressure off your sore shoulder, keep it in place and allow blood to flow to the shoulder easily, which aides in healing. You may need two pillows to support your arm in line with your injured shoulder.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"How can shoulder injuries be treated without surgery ?","Shoulder Fracture Treatment. Treatment for a shoulder fracture includes rest, a sling, cold compresses, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications for pain. More severe pain is treated with narcotic pain medications. Most shoulder fractures can be treated without surgery.",3,"","What are some non - surgical ways to alleviate a shoulder injury ?","Physical therapy exercises can help restore flexibility and strength to your shoulder after a rotator cuff injury. Sometimes it is possible to eliminate pain and restore function without surgery. Many different types of surgeries are available for rotator cuff injuries, including arthroscopic tendon repair, open tendon repair, bone spur removal, tendon transfer and shoulder replacement.",0,"","Besides surgery , what are other ways to treat the pain of a shoulder injury ?","Treatment will depend on the cause and severity of the shoulder pain and may include: 1  physical therapy. 2  use of a sling or shoulder immobilizer. 3  nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs). 4  corticosteroids (powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that are injected into the shoulder). 5  surgery.",2,null,100,true,"92_6_MARCO_6895082","MARCO_6895082","92_6_MARCO_902227","MARCO_902227","92_6_MARCO_6140650","MARCO_6140650",null,"That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","MARCO_2748527","92_6_MARCO_2748527","To relieve minor shoulder pain you might try: 1  Pain relievers. 2  Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB) and naproxen sodium (Aleve) may help. 3  Rest. 4  Avoid using your shoulder in ways that cause or worsen pain. 5  Ice.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","92_7","How do I get rid of the pain while working ?","Now I only wear them when I play video games or work at the computer. They make a huge difference in how long I can work without pain, and I canâ€™t recommend them strongly enough. Advanced Stretches and Exercises. If youâ€™re in a lot of pain, you may need some more serious exercises to get your hands in shape.f you also get pain in your shoulders, which can happen (especially with the Wii), the best thing Iâ€™ve found is self massage. Find a tight, sore spot, put your finger by it, press hard and move your finger over the spot. Do this ten times, only in one direction.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How should I stop the shoulder from hurting even though I sit on a computer desk ?","1 Stop doing exercises that irritate the shoulders. 2  Get the shoulders to sit in the right position.  Get the shoulders to move properly.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some ways to keep a shoulder injury from hurting at a desk ?","1 Stop doing exercises that irritate the shoulders. 2  Get the shoulders to sit in the right position.  Get the shoulders to move properly.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do I stop the shoulder from hurting at my desk ?","so i am constantly working on computers, my main problem is when i wake up in the morning. This morning i woke up and i cant even move my neck to the left. My shoulder is in so much pain. I force myself to stretch no matter how much it hurts every morning but unfortunately it doesnt help with the pain.o i am constantly working on computers, my main problem is when i wake up in the morning. This morning i woke up and i cant even move my neck to the left. My shoulder is in so much pain. I force myself to stretch no matter how much it hurts every morning but unfortunately it doesnt help with the pain.",0,null,101,false,"92_7_MARCO_8522867","MARCO_8522867","92_7_MARCO_588016","MARCO_588016","92_7_MARCO_588016","MARCO_588016",null,"How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","MARCO_8648123","92_7_MARCO_8648123","so i am constantly working on computers, my main problem is when i wake up in the morning. This morning i woke up and i cant even move my neck to the left. My shoulder is in so much pain. I force myself to stretch no matter how much it hurts every morning but unfortunately it doesnt help with the pain.o i am constantly working on computers, my main problem is when i wake up in the morning. This morning i woke up and i cant even move my neck to the left. My shoulder is in so much pain. I force myself to stretch no matter how much it hurts every morning but unfortunately it doesnt help with the pain.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,0]
["How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","92_7","How do I get rid of the pain while working ?","One of the oldest and successful ways to get rid of elbow pain is through exercise. Massage and resting your the arm for a short period of time followed by exercise is a proven procedure to get rid of your elbow pain. Arm wraps, or armbands, or arm sleeves cover up the pain but exercise gets rid of it.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How should I stop the shoulder from hurting even though I sit on a computer desk ?","Part 1. Correct Posture. 1. Observe the proper sitting posture in a good chair that is designed for desk work. Your back should be straight, your shoulders back, and the top of your monitor should be level with your eyes. If you have to look down or up, then you need to adjust the height of your screen.",4,"","What are some ways to keep a shoulder injury from hurting at a desk ?","Part 1. Correct Posture. 1. Observe the proper sitting posture in a good chair that is designed for desk work. Your back should be straight, your shoulders back, and the top of your monitor should be level with your eyes. If you have to look down or up, then you need to adjust the height of your screen.",4,"","How do I stop the shoulder from hurting at my desk ?","Andy demonstrates how to tape the back correctly to improve posture. A lot of people sit at desks all day with poor posture and rounded shoulders. This can have a negative impact ranging from headaches right through to neck, back and shoulder injuries so it is important to try and correct your posture.This entry was posted in How To Videos, Neck & Shoulders, Taping.his can have a negative impact ranging from headaches right through to neck, back and shoulder injuries so it is important to try and correct your posture. This entry was posted in How To Videos, Neck & Shoulders, Taping.",0,null,101,false,"92_7_MARCO_667511","MARCO_667511","92_7_MARCO_2897329","MARCO_2897329","92_7_MARCO_2897329","MARCO_2897329",null,"How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","MARCO_7469824","92_7_MARCO_7469824","I work at a computer most of the day, and have tight knots in my shoulders; specifically, in my trapezius muscles. How can I reduce the tension in these muscles, without having someone else massage them? Are there self-massage techniques I can use?",0,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","92_7","How do I get rid of the pain while working ?","You ca â€¦ n get rid of the pain by  releasing the muscles in your neck and here's how to do that:    Neck    Put your hands alongside your head so your thumbs are on the front  of the muscle under your ear and your fingers are on the back of  the muscle behind your head.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How should I stop the shoulder from hurting even though I sit on a computer desk ?","Chances are, once you resume your old workout routine, the pain will come back â€“ maybe even worse. The Three Pillars of Shoulder Health. To fix nagging shoulder pain, always follow these rules: 1  Stop doing exercises that irritate the shoulders.  Get the shoulders to sit in the right position.",0,"","What are some ways to keep a shoulder injury from hurting at a desk ?","Chances are, once you resume your old workout routine, the pain will come back â€“ maybe even worse. The Three Pillars of Shoulder Health. To fix nagging shoulder pain, always follow these rules: 1  Stop doing exercises that irritate the shoulders.  Get the shoulders to sit in the right position.",0,"","How do I stop the shoulder from hurting at my desk ?","This video demonstrates how to tape the back correctly to improve posture. A lot of people sit at desks all day with poor posture and rounded shoulders.This can have a negative impact ranging from headaches right through to neck, back and shoulder injuries so it is important to try and correct your posture.his video demonstrates how to tape the back correctly to improve posture. A lot of people sit at desks all day with poor posture and rounded shoulders.",1,null,101,false,"92_7_MARCO_1053971","MARCO_1053971","92_7_MARCO_588017","MARCO_588017","92_7_MARCO_588017","MARCO_588017",null,"How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","MARCO_7469825","92_7_MARCO_7469825","Answers. 1  Its safe for her to sit for any amount of time, but it could prove to get uncomfortable. I'm 17 weeks and had a desk job before I became pregnant and still have it. I work 8 hours a day and my lower back and shoulders usually start hurting if I don't get up and stretch every 2 hours or so. Even standing up every so often and doing some simple stretching helps me out a ton.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","92_8","Does standing at the shoulder joint help with shoulder pain ?","Physical therapy  (PT) can help improve muscle strength & coordination, mobility (such as standing and walking), and other physical function using different sensorimotor techniques.  Physiotherapists can also help reduce shoulder pain by maintaining shoulder range of motion, as well as using Functional electrical stimulation.  Supportive devices, such as braces or slings, can be used to help prevent or treat shoulder subluxation in the hopes to minimize disability and pain.  It should be noted that although many individuals suffering from stroke experience both shoulder pain and shoulder subluxation, the two are mutually exclusive. A treatment method that can be implemented with the goal of helping to regain motor function in the affected limb is constraint-induced movement therapy. This consists of constraining the unaffected limb, forcing the affected limb to accomplish tasks of daily living.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the benefits of standing at a computer desk ?","Mental Benefits of Standing. Another benefit of a standing desk is an increase in your focus, alertness and activity level. When standing, it is easier to release restless energy. Combine that with the good circulation, stable blood sugar and an active metabolism, and it is easier to focus on the task at hand.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How do standing versions of exercises help relieve shoulder injury ?","I placed the desk surface at elbow height, added a keyboard holder, and put one of the shelves underneath the desk top to hold my computer and other hardware. The human body is designed to stand, not sit. Standing is better for the back than sitting. It strengthens leg muscles and improves balance. It burns more calories than sitting. It is also a great antidote to the formation of blood clots deep in the legs.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the benefits of a standing desk ?","Mental Benefits of Standing. Another benefit of a standing desk is an increase in your focus, alertness and activity level. When standing, it is easier to release restless energy. Combine that with the good circulation, stable blood sugar and an active metabolism, and it is easier to focus on the task at hand.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,102,true,"92_8_CAR_32ce54333e42e7c63e37648ad99d388818c76036","CAR_32ce54333e42e7c63e37648ad99d388818c76036","92_8_MARCO_1339916","MARCO_1339916","92_8_MARCO_5664396","MARCO_5664396",null,"What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","MARCO_1339916","92_8_MARCO_1339916","Published research in 2012 on the benefits from implementing sit-stand workstations in the workplace has resulted in the development of some pilot studies for Total Worker Health. While the individual results of the studies varied, the researchers found that sit-stand workstations resulted in an overall improvement in health outcomes of workers who switched to these workstations, in addition to the reduced sitting time. Such health benefits from these pilot studies include increased HDL cholesterol, improved mood outcomes, reduced eye strain, and reduced upper back, neck and shoulder pain. Robertson et al. found that the sit-stand workstation users, who were trained to vary their postures at work, exhibited increased productivity at work, compared to those who were not trained so. Further, the study by Pronk et al. showed decreased fatigue and increased vigor among participants. With these findings, NIOSH has begun a pilot program among employees for the Total Worker Health initiative.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","92_8","Does standing at the shoulder joint help with shoulder pain ?","Do the tiptoe pose in yoga. Like the shoulder stand, you'll need to practice this one to get the hang of it. Unlike the shoulder stand, this exercise helps your shoulders by opening them up rather than using them to support the rest of your body. 3. Do a wall sit with shoulder rotation.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the benefits of standing at a computer desk ?","Mental Benefits of Standing Another benefit of a standing desk is an increase in your focus, alertness, and activity level. When standing, it is easier to release restless energy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How do standing versions of exercises help relieve shoulder injury ?","But we've got a trick that's never failed us: When you're seated or standing in the position you'd use the desk, rest your arms at your sides, keeping your elbow at a 90 degree angle and your upper arms in line with your torso. If the desk is the right height, your hands should rest comfortable on the desk. If it's not just right, you're signing yourself up for a lifetime of back, neck and shoulder strain. Better to get the right desk now than regret it as you're cursing your sore shoulders later.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the benefits of a standing desk ?","Mental Benefits of Standing Another benefit of a standing desk is an increase in your focus, alertness, and activity level. When standing, it is easier to release restless energy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,102,true,"92_8_MARCO_6842045","MARCO_6842045","92_8_MARCO_1343390","MARCO_1343390","92_8_MARCO_7838107","MARCO_7838107",null,"What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","MARCO_1343390","92_8_MARCO_1343390","As for me, my doctorâ€™s diagnosis of my leg pains did not prompt me to dismantle my stand-up desk. Now I follow my bodyâ€™s cues. When I begin to feel lethargic or my neck or shoulders bother me, I shift to standing, and almost immediately my muscles relax and I feel more energized.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","92_8","Does standing at the shoulder joint help with shoulder pain ?","Strength: Strengthening the muscles that support your shoulder will help keep your shoulder joint stable. Keeping these muscles strong can relieve shoulder pain and prevent further injury. Flexibility: Stretching the muscles that you strengthen is important for restoring range of motion and preventing injury.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the benefits of standing at a computer desk ?","Everyone is different, and our health is our own. Standing desks provide an opportunity for each person to address his or her own needs and health goals by improving circulation with movement, burning calories, and increasing movement throughout the day offer health benefits.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How do standing versions of exercises help relieve shoulder injury ?","1 Stand while talking on the phone or eating lunch. 2  If you work at a desk for long periods of time, try a standing desk â€” or improvise with a high table or counter.  Walk laps with your colleagues rather than gathering in a conference room for meetings.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the benefits of a standing desk ?","Everyone is different, and our health is our own. Standing desks provide an opportunity for each person to address his or her own needs and health goals by improving circulation with movement, burning calories, and increasing movement throughout the day offer health benefits.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,102,true,"92_8_MARCO_7395735","MARCO_7395735","92_8_MARCO_5310493","MARCO_5310493","92_8_MARCO_2465832","MARCO_2465832",null,"What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","MARCO_5310493","92_8_MARCO_5310493","Mental Benefits of Standing Another benefit of a standing desk is an increase in your focus, alertness, and activity level. When standing, it is easier to release restless energy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","93_1","Can someone tell me about opening a Burger King franchise ?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",3,null,"How to buy a Burger King franchise ?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",3,"","How do you think one can open a successful Burger King franchise ?","Burger King South Africa (Pty) Ltd cannot guarantee an applicantâ€™s success. Whilst we have well established success in franchising, the success depends largely on the quality of operation, good site location, and local market conditions.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise .","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",3,null,103,false,"93_1_MARCO_655622","MARCO_655622","93_1_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524","93_1_MARCO_7975345","MARCO_7975345",null,"Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","MARCO_655622","93_1_MARCO_655622","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},1]
["Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","93_1","Can someone tell me about opening a Burger King franchise ?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",3,null,"How to buy a Burger King franchise ?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",3,"","How do you think one can open a successful Burger King franchise ?","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise .","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",3,null,103,false,"93_1_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524","93_1_MARCO_655622","MARCO_655622","93_1_MARCO_218440","MARCO_218440",null,"Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","MARCO_4332524","93_1_MARCO_4332524","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","93_1","Can someone tell me about opening a Burger King franchise ?","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",2,null,"How to buy a Burger King franchise ?","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How do you think one can open a successful Burger King franchise ?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",3,"","Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise .","ABOUT FRANCHISING. Franchising with BURGER KINGÂ® offers you the possibility to actively benefit from the power of our brand and our convincing product range and to pass on the â€˜Taste is KINGâ€™ culture to your guests in your own BURGER KINGÂ® restaurant.",0,null,103,false,"93_1_MARCO_4332525","MARCO_4332525","93_1_MARCO_218440","MARCO_218440","93_1_MARCO_655622","MARCO_655622",null,"Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","MARCO_7975349","93_1_MARCO_7975349","ABOUT FRANCHISING. Franchising with BURGER KINGÂ® offers you the possibility to actively benefit from the power of our brand and our convincing product range and to pass on the â€˜Taste is KINGâ€™ culture to your guests in your own BURGER KINGÂ® restaurant.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","93_2","Is opening a franchise possible ?","A franchise provides a way for you to start a new business with instant name recognition and a proven concept. As a franchisee, you have a corporate team to provide assistance and advice when opening your business.You follow corporate guidelines for building appearance, product offerings and marketing efforts.ransfer rules, including all the various possibilities of allowable transfers, will be included in the contract. If the franchise does not allow you to include your business in your will, you can request that this provision be change.",0,null,"How can I get my own Burger King Franchise ?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",3,"","What are some facts about franchising but not acquisition ?","Franchising is one of three business strategies a company may use in capturing market share. The others are company owned units or a combination of company owned and franchised units. Franchising is a business strategy for getting and keeping customers. It is a marketing system for creating an image in the minds of current and future customers about how the company's products and services can help them.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise .","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",3,null,104,true,"93_2_MARCO_4784522","MARCO_4784522","93_2_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524","93_2_MARCO_3071265","MARCO_3071265",null,"No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","MARCO_655622","93_2_MARCO_655622","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","93_2","Is opening a franchise possible ?","Then the Hermana Margarita Rozo asked Gladys Parada who was the principal of the Suba's English Royal School about the possibility of opening a franchise in the locality of Chapinero, as Gladys Parada could not be a principal of two schools, her husband could direct it.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How can I get my own Burger King Franchise ?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",3,"","What are some facts about franchising but not acquisition ?","Franchising is one of three business strategies a company may use in capturing market share. The others are company owned units or a combination of company owned and franchised units.Franchising is a business strategy for getting and keeping customers.It is a marketing system for creating an image in the minds of current and future customers about how the company's products and services can help them.he others are company owned units or a combination of company owned and franchised units. Franchising is a business strategy for getting and keeping customers. It is a marketing system for creating an image in the minds of current and future customers about how the company's products and services can help them.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise .","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",3,null,104,true,"93_2_CAR_43545dfbc26054f3e38eed16b9e5cb19113e3caf","CAR_43545dfbc26054f3e38eed16b9e5cb19113e3caf","93_2_MARCO_655622","MARCO_655622","93_2_MARCO_6871013","MARCO_6871013",null,"No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","MARCO_4332524","93_2_MARCO_4332524","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","93_2","Is opening a franchise possible ?","If you are a small business owner who is interested in franchising your company, it may be a possibility, but one that takes some work on your part. Before you can franchise your business, you have to create various documents addressing finances, marketing, operational processes and more. Create a financial history. One of the primary reasons a potential investor buys your franchise is because the business is productive and lucrative.",0,null,"How can I get my own Burger King Franchise ?","ABOUT FRANCHISING. Franchising with BURGER KINGÂ® offers you the possibility to actively benefit from the power of our brand and our convincing product range and to pass on the â€˜Taste is KINGâ€™ culture to your guests in your own BURGER KINGÂ® restaurant.",0,"","What are some facts about franchising but not acquisition ?","In 1967, the Pillsbury Company acquired Burger King and its parent company Burger King Corporation from McLamore and Edgerton. At the time of the purchase, BK had grown to 274 restaurants in the United States and had an estimated value of . With the acquisition, Pillsbury was faced with a lack of consistency within the franchise framework. The Burger King Corporation franchising system set up by McLamore and Edgerton allowed the company to expand a great pace, but the lack of contractual restraints and controls on its franchisee operation led to inconsistencies in its products that in turn were a drag on the reputation of the chain. Additionally, the agreements gave the company too little power to prevent its franchises from doing as they wished with the business.",0,"","I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise .","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",3,null,104,true,"93_2_MARCO_1124607","MARCO_1124607","93_2_MARCO_7975349","MARCO_7975349","93_2_CAR_2fd6972ceb67c5576d5250087cf78cef29f290b6","CAR_2fd6972ceb67c5576d5250087cf78cef29f290b6",null,"No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","MARCO_4332525","93_2_MARCO_4332525","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","93_3","Where can I find funding to open a Burger King franchise ?","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",1,null,"Is there any financial support for buying a Burger King franchise ?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",0,"","Does the buyer of a Burger King franchise have any financial support ?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",0,"","Is there any financial support for the fee to open a Burger King franchise ?","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",1,null,105,false,"93_3_MARCO_4332525","MARCO_4332525","93_3_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524","93_3_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524",null,"Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","MARCO_4332525","93_3_MARCO_4332525","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","93_3","Where can I find funding to open a Burger King franchise ?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",0,null,"Is there any financial support for buying a Burger King franchise ?","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",1,"","Does the buyer of a Burger King franchise have any financial support ?","By 2001 and nearly eighteen years of stagnant growth, many of its franchises were in some sort of financial distress.  The lack of growth severely impacted Burger King's largest franchise, the nearly 400-store AmeriKing; the company, which until this point had been struggling under a nearly $300 million debt load and been shedding stores across the US, was forced to enter Chapter 11 bankruptcy. The failure of AmeriKing accompanied with declining market position deeply affected the value of the company, and put negotiations between Diageo and the TPC Capital-lead group on hold. The developments eventually forced Diageo to lower the total selling price by almost three-quarters of a billion dollars. After the sale, newly appointed CEO Bradley Blum initiated a program to help the roughly 20 percent of its franchises, including its four largest, who were in financial distress, bankruptcy or had ceased operations altogether. Partnering with the California-based Trinity Capital, LLC, the company established the Franchisee Financial Restructuring Initiative, a program to address the financial issues facing BK's financially distressed franchisees. The initiative was designed to assist franchisees in restructuring their businesses in order to meet financial obligations, focus on restaurant operational excellence, reinvest in their operations and return to profitability.",0,"","Is there any financial support for the fee to open a Burger King franchise ?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",0,null,105,false,"93_3_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524","93_3_MARCO_4332525","MARCO_4332525","93_3_CAR_6fdc994d249e264074e574d9eca4ee1952a76744","CAR_6fdc994d249e264074e574d9eca4ee1952a76744",null,"Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","MARCO_4332524","93_3_MARCO_4332524","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","93_3","Where can I find funding to open a Burger King franchise ?","Where to find financing for a new franchise. As with other small businesses, finding financing for a franchise can be one of the biggest challenges owners face. Some financing options are unique to franchises, such as franchisor discounts on fees and online financing companies that cater to franchises.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"Is there any financial support for buying a Burger King franchise ?","By 2001 and nearly eighteen years of stagnant growth, many of its franchises were in some sort of financial distress.  The lack of growth severely impacted Burger King's largest franchise, the nearly 400-store AmeriKing; the company, which until this point had been struggling under a nearly $300 million debt load and been shedding stores across the US, was forced to enter Chapter 11 bankruptcy. The failure of AmeriKing accompanied with declining market position deeply affected the value of the company, and put negotiations between Diageo and the TPC Capital-lead group on hold. The developments eventually forced Diageo to lower the total selling price by almost three-quarters of a billion dollars. After the sale, newly appointed CEO Bradley Blum initiated a program to help the roughly 20 percent of its franchises, including its four largest, who were in financial distress, bankruptcy or had ceased operations altogether. Partnering with the California-based Trinity Capital, LLC, the company established the Franchisee Financial Restructuring Initiative, a program to address the financial issues facing BK's financially distressed franchisees. The initiative was designed to assist franchisees in restructuring their businesses in order to meet financial obligations, focus on restaurant operational excellence, reinvest in their operations and return to profitability.",0,"","Does the buyer of a Burger King franchise have any financial support ?","Although the majority of the restaurant locations are privately held by individual owners and its financial dependence on those owners, Burger King's relationship with its franchises has not always been harmonious. Occasional disagreements between the two have caused numerous issues, and in several instances the company's and its licensees' relations have degenerated into precedent-setting court cases.",0,"","Is there any financial support for the fee to open a Burger King franchise ?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",0,null,105,false,"93_3_MARCO_3154234","MARCO_3154234","93_3_CAR_6fdc994d249e264074e574d9eca4ee1952a76744","CAR_6fdc994d249e264074e574d9eca4ee1952a76744","93_3_CAR_78c70e78240abbaf480794ac189c23f67503c1b6","CAR_78c70e78240abbaf480794ac189c23f67503c1b6",null,"Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","MARCO_655622","93_3_MARCO_655622","What are the ongoing fees for a Burger King franchise in the UK? An initial fee of US$40,000 per restaurant is payable for a UK Burger King Franchise. The ongoing fees for a Burger King franchise in the UK are 5% of total sales plus an additional 5% of total sales towards a national marketing fund.",0,null,3,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},3]
["How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","93_4","What is the average salary of a Burger King franchisee ?","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",0,null,"How much is the average income for a Burger King franchise ?","Average Burger King hourly pay ranges from approximately $7.89 per hour for Porter/Maintenance to $11.75 per hour for Store Manager. The average Burger King salary ranges from approximately $15,000 per year for Server/Cashier to $98,192 per year for Director of Operations. Salary information comes from 15,715 data points collected directly from employees, users, and past and present job advertisements on Indeed in the past 12 months.",0,"","How much does one earn when opening a successful Burger King franchise ?","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",0,"","How much does an owner of a Burger King franchise typically make ?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",0,null,106,true,"93_4_MARCO_218440","MARCO_218440","93_4_MARCO_8463580","MARCO_8463580","93_4_MARCO_4332525","MARCO_4332525",null,"How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","MARCO_655622","93_4_MARCO_655622","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","93_4","What is the average salary of a Burger King franchisee ?","Average Burger King hourly pay ranges from approximately $7.89 per hour for Porter/Maintenance to $11.75 per hour for Store Manager. The average Burger King salary ranges from approximately $15,000 per year for Server/Cashier to $98,192 per year for Director of Operations. Salary information comes from 15,715 data points collected directly from employees, users, and past and present job advertisements on Indeed in the past 12 months.",0,null,"How much is the average income for a Burger King franchise ?","Average Burger King hourly pay ranges from approximately Â£6.70 per hour for Crew Member to Â£9.21 per hour for Delivery Driver. The average Burger King salary ranges from approximately Â£9,422 per year for Customer Service Representative to Â£24,840 per year for Store Manager. Salary information comes from 1,449 data points collected directly from employees, users, and past and present job advertisements on Indeed in the past 12 months.",0,"","How much does one earn when opening a successful Burger King franchise ?","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",0,"","How much does an owner of a Burger King franchise typically make ?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",0,null,106,true,"93_4_MARCO_8463580","MARCO_8463580","93_4_MARCO_8463577","MARCO_8463577","93_4_MARCO_218440","MARCO_218440",null,"How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","MARCO_4332524","93_4_MARCO_4332524","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","93_4","What is the average salary of a Burger King franchisee ?","How much does Burger King in United States pay? The average Burger King salary ranges from approximately $14,500 per year for Cook to $77,424 per year for Sales Coach. Average Burger King hourly pay ranges from approximately $7.25 per hour for Cleaner to $12.14 per hour for Shift Coordinator. Salary information comes from 6,610 data points collected directly from employees, users, and past and present job advertisements on Indeed in the past 12 months. Please note that all salary figures are approximations based upon third party submissions to Indeed.",0,null,"How much is the average income for a Burger King franchise ?","How much does Burger King in United States pay? The average Burger King salary ranges from approximately $14,500 per year for Cook to $77,424 per year for Sales Coach. Average Burger King hourly pay ranges from approximately $7.25 per hour for Cleaner to $12.14 per hour for Shift Coordinator. Salary information comes from 6,610 data points collected directly from employees, users, and past and present job advertisements on Indeed in the past 12 months. Please note that all salary figures are approximations based upon third party submissions to Indeed.",0,"","How much does one earn when opening a successful Burger King franchise ?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",0,"","How much does an owner of a Burger King franchise typically make ?","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",0,null,106,true,"93_4_MARCO_5866365","MARCO_5866365","93_4_MARCO_5866365","MARCO_5866365","93_4_MARCO_655622","MARCO_655622",null,"How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","MARCO_4332525","93_4_MARCO_4332525","How Much Does a Burger King Franchise Cost? Franchise Fees is a flat $50,000 and the total investment could be as low as $300,000 making Burger King a much more affordable option than most in its class. Burger Kingâ€™s franchisee training is geared to provide you with the skills to help build a successful business in this extremely competitive marketplace.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","93_5","Should I choose to be a franchisee or an independent ?","â€œOwning a franchise allows you to go into business for yourself, but not by yourself.â€\u009d A franchise provides franchisees with a certain level of independence where they can operate their business. A franchise provides an established product or service which may already enjoy widespread brand-name recognition.he franchisee is not completely independent. Franchisees are required to operate their businesses according to the procedures and restrictions set forth by the franchisor in the franchisee agreement. These restrictions usually include the products or services which can be offered, pricing and geographic territory.",1,null,"Is being a restaurant owner better than being a franchisee ?","I'm guessing you mean an individual, franchised location of a restaurant chain. If you actually meant a chain, then the answer would be obvious. It's far better to own a whole chain than a single restaurant. However, if you're good, you could consider your independent restaurant merely Location #1 of your new, soon-to-be restaurant chain.",0,"","Is it better to be a franchise or an independent owner of a Burger King ?","I'm guessing you mean an individual, franchised location of a restaurant chain. If you actually meant a chain, then the answer would be obvious. It's far better to own a whole chain than a single restaurant. However, if you're good, you could consider your independent restaurant merely Location #1 of your new, soon-to-be restaurant chain.",0,"","Is it better to be a franchise or independent ?","I'm guessing you mean an individual, franchised location of a restaurant chain. If you actually meant a chain, then the answer would be obvious. It's far better to own a whole chain than a single restaurant. However, if you're good, you could consider your independent restaurant merely Location #1 of your new, soon-to-be restaurant chain.",0,null,107,false,"93_5_MARCO_6496383","MARCO_6496383","93_5_MARCO_3045024","MARCO_3045024","93_5_MARCO_3045024","MARCO_3045024",null,"Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","MARCO_3045024","93_5_MARCO_3045024","We have the recipe for success and are determined to empower you with first-class knowledge resources and support needed to be a member of the BURGER KING Â® family. There has never been a better time to become a BURGER KING Â® franchisee. We stand ready to support your franchising & development plans. Are you ready to take action?",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","93_5","Should I choose to be a franchisee or an independent ?","This gives the franchisee the benefits of a pre-sold customer base which would ordinarily takes years to establish. A franchise increases your chances of business success because you are associating with proven products and methods.Franchises may offer consumers the attraction of a certain level of quality and consistency because it is mandated by the franchise agreement.he franchisee is not completely independent. Franchisees are required to operate their businesses according to the procedures and restrictions set forth by the franchisor in the franchisee agreement. These restrictions usually include the products or services which can be offered, pricing and geographic territory.",1,null,"Is being a restaurant owner better than being a franchisee ?","The franchisee puts up capital to open and rent or build the restaurant, but they have the security of opening a restaurant with an existing brand, recipes, and supply chain. The larger brand gambles its reputation on the competence of the franchisee, but they arenâ€™t the one putting up money to open a new restaurant.",0,"","Is it better to be a franchise or an independent owner of a Burger King ?","The majority of the locations of international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King are privately owned franchises. While the majority of franchisees are smaller operations, several have grown into major corporations in their own right. At the end of the company's fiscal year in 2015, Burger King reported it had more than 15,000 outlets in 84 countries; of these, approximately 50% are in the United States and 99.9% are privately owned and operated. The company locations employ more than 37,000 people who serve approximately 11.4 million customers daily.",0,"","Is it better to be a franchise or independent ?","Running the franchise of a popular product or service can be very satisfying for those individuals who want to put their entrepreneurial abilities to good use. In many ways, it is better than starting an independent venture as you will receive initial training from the franchisor and on-going ...",1,null,107,false,"93_5_MARCO_464564","MARCO_464564","93_5_MARCO_2174742","MARCO_2174742","93_5_CAR_b1839f899689a9a7ad38a843a3438ef3456a8be7","CAR_b1839f899689a9a7ad38a843a3438ef3456a8be7",null,"Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","MARCO_6827541","93_5_MARCO_6827541","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","93_5","Should I choose to be a franchisee or an independent ?","Franchising is a way for small business owners to benefit from the economies of scale of the big corporation (franchiser). McDonald's and Subway are examples of a franchise.  The small business owner can leverage a strong brand name and purchasing power of the larger company while keeping their own investment affordable. However, some franchisees conclude that they suffer the \"worst of both worlds\" feeling they are too restricted by corporate mandates and lack true independence. It is an assumption that small business are just franchisees, but the truth is many franchisers are also small businesses, Although considered to be a successful way of doing business, literature has proved that there is a high failure rate in franchising as well, especially in UK, where research indicates that out of 1658 franchising companies operating in 1984, only 601 remained in 1998, a mere 36%.",0,null,"Is being a restaurant owner better than being a franchisee ?","Failure rates of restaurants is commonly thought to be high. Recent studies have mitigated some of those assumptions, but still show three-year failure rates of all restaurants to be about 61.4%, and that franchise restaurants fare slightly better than independently owned locations.",1,"","Is it better to be a franchise or an independent owner of a Burger King ?","Burger King franchises. See also: List of countries with Burger King franchises. The majority of the locations of international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King are privately owned franchises. While the majority of franchisees are smaller operations, several have grown into major corporations in their own right.",0,"","Is it better to be a franchise or independent ?","The key takeaway is that, whether you buy a franchise or an independent business, it's important to do your homework and thoroughly research the business before you invest. Ultimately, the decision to buy a franchise or an independent small business may boil down to your personality as a business owner.",0,null,107,false,"93_5_CAR_004fd019239ae9afb91e9b75b0ac670c64730e0a","CAR_004fd019239ae9afb91e9b75b0ac670c64730e0a","93_5_CAR_6dcdcb4c938cf396075d717db9fcf9896ecb1666","CAR_6dcdcb4c938cf396075d717db9fcf9896ecb1666","93_5_MARCO_4332523","MARCO_4332523",null,"Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","MARCO_374416","93_5_MARCO_374416","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What support does the franchise provide?","93_6","How does the Burger King brand support us ?","In various regions across the United States, Burger King and its franchises have aligned themselves with several charitable organizations that support research and treatment of juvenile cancer. Each year, these coalitions hold a fund raising drive called \"A Chance for Kids\", in which Burger King restaurants sell lottery-style scratch cards for $1. Each card produces a winning prize that is usually a food or beverage product, but includes (rarer) items such as shopping sprees or trips. In the Northeast, BK has affiliated itself with the Major League Baseball team the Boston Red Sox and its charitable foundation, the Jimmy Fund. The group runs the contest in Boston. In the New York City area, it operates the contest in association with the Burger King Children's Charities of Metro New York and the New York Yankees. Funds raised in these areas go to support the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, located in Boston. In Nebraska, the company is affiliated with the Liz's Legacy Cancer Fund \"BK Beat Cancer for Kids\" program at the UNMC Eppley Cancer Center at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha. In the Pittsburgh region, it funded the establishment of the Burger King Cancer Caring Center, a support organization for the families and friends of cancer patients.",0,null,"What kind of support does a Burger King franchise offer ?","In various regions across the United States, Burger King and its franchises have aligned themselves with several charitable organizations that support research and treatment of juvenile cancer. Each year, these coalitions hold a fund raising drive called \"A Chance for Kids\", in which Burger King restaurants sell lottery-style scratch cards for $1. Each card produces a winning prize that is usually a food or beverage product, but includes (rarer) items such as shopping sprees or trips. In the Northeast, BK has affiliated itself with the Major League Baseball team the Boston Red Sox and its charitable foundation, the Jimmy Fund. The group runs the contest in Boston. In the New York City area, it operates the contest in association with the Burger King Children's Charities of Metro New York and the New York Yankees. Funds raised in these areas go to support the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, located in Boston. In Nebraska, the company is affiliated with the Liz's Legacy Cancer Fund \"BK Beat Cancer for Kids\" program at the UNMC Eppley Cancer Center at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha. In the Pittsburgh region, it funded the establishment of the Burger King Cancer Caring Center, a support organization for the families and friends of cancer patients.",0,"","What help does a Burger King franchise provide ?","In the United States, approximately 90 percent of Burger King's franchises have banded together to form the Burger King National Franchise Association (BKNFA or NFA). The 900-member group is based in Atlanta, Georgia, and is designed to provide what the group calls Franchisee Relations Advocacy. It acts as a corporate negotiator that mediates with corporate-franchise disputes, as a government lobbying group to deal with issues that affect the fast-food industry as a whole, and it provides group health, property and casualty insurance. In 2001, the group announced a plan to purchase Burger King from then-parent Diageo after the company put forth a plan to float approximately 20 percent of BKC on the NYSE. The NFA believed that any money raised from the issue would not be put into helping bolster the then flagging BK, but would instead end up being used to help Diageo bolster its liquor brands. The deal collapsed when the NFA was unable to put together an acceptable financing package.",0,"","What support does a Burger King franchise provide ?","The majority of Burger King restaurants, approximately 90%, are privately held franchises. In North America Burger King Corporation is responsible for licensing operators and administering of stores. Internationally the company often pairs with other parties to operate locations or it will outright sell the operational and administrative rights to a franchisee which is given the designation of master franchise for the territory. The master franchise will then be expected to sub-license new stores, provide training support and ensure operational standards are maintained. In exchange for the oversight responsibilities, the master franchise will receive administrative and advertising support from Burger King Corporation to ensure a common marketing scheme. The 3G Capital ownership group announced in April 2011 that it would begin divesting itself of many corporate owned locations with the intent to increase the number of privately held restaurants to 95%.",1,null,108,true,"93_6_CAR_c52dae9a05f30cfe59e5cad717809d77c411412e","CAR_c52dae9a05f30cfe59e5cad717809d77c411412e","93_6_CAR_c52dae9a05f30cfe59e5cad717809d77c411412e","CAR_c52dae9a05f30cfe59e5cad717809d77c411412e","93_6_CAR_b167c9b02cbf2aea458b55857ca451402e65abe4","CAR_b167c9b02cbf2aea458b55857ca451402e65abe4",null,"What support does the franchise provide?","CAR_009d9fb62ae3e378d570ed4824cf2b4d2b2b3560","93_6_CAR_009d9fb62ae3e378d570ed4824cf2b4d2b2b3560","A franchise provides a built-in support system. If you need help negotiating the terms of a lease, if your POS system is acting up again, or if you want to offer a special promotion and need advertising and design assistance, the franchise is there to help.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What support does the franchise provide?","93_6","How does the Burger King brand support us ?","The AAFES group was given Burger King's first Award of Excellence in 2002 for the company what it called \"its [AAFES] ceaseless efforts to support U.S. servicemen and women deployed to locations around the world in support of the war on terrorism.\" As the end of Burger King's 2010 fiscal year, AAFES is the fourth largest US franchisee of the chain with 132 restaurants globally.",0,null,"What kind of support does a Burger King franchise offer ?","The majority of Burger King restaurants, approximately 90%, are privately held franchises. In North America Burger King Corporation is responsible for licensing operators and administering of stores. Internationally the company often pairs with other parties to operate locations or it will outright sell the operational and administrative rights to a franchisee which is given the designation of master franchise for the territory. The master franchise will then be expected to sub-license new stores, provide training support and ensure operational standards are maintained. In exchange for the oversight responsibilities, the master franchise will receive administrative and advertising support from Burger King Corporation to ensure a common marketing scheme. The 3G Capital ownership group announced in April 2011 that it would begin divesting itself of many corporate owned locations with the intent to increase the number of privately held restaurants to 95%.",1,"","What help does a Burger King franchise provide ?","The majority of Burger King restaurants, approximately 90%, are privately held franchises. In North America Burger King Corporation is responsible for licensing operators and administering of stores. Internationally the company often pairs with other parties to operate locations or it will outright sell the operational and administrative rights to a franchisee which is given the designation of master franchise for the territory. The master franchise will then be expected to sub-license new stores, provide training support and ensure operational standards are maintained. In exchange for the oversight responsibilities, the master franchise will receive administrative and advertising support from Burger King Corporation to ensure a common marketing scheme. The 3G Capital ownership group announced in April 2011 that it would begin divesting itself of many corporate owned locations with the intent to increase the number of privately held restaurants to 95%.",1,"","What support does a Burger King franchise provide ?","In various regions across the United States, Burger King and its franchises have aligned themselves with several charitable organizations that support research and treatment of juvenile cancer. Each year, these coalitions hold a fund raising drive called \"A Chance for Kids\", in which Burger King restaurants sell lottery-style scratch cards for $1. Each card produces a winning prize that is usually a food or beverage product, but includes (rarer) items such as shopping sprees or trips. In the Northeast, BK has affiliated itself with the Major League Baseball team the Boston Red Sox and its charitable foundation, the Jimmy Fund. The group runs the contest in Boston. In the New York City area, it operates the contest in association with the Burger King Children's Charities of Metro New York and the New York Yankees. Funds raised in these areas go to support the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, located in Boston. In Nebraska, the company is affiliated with the Liz's Legacy Cancer Fund \"BK Beat Cancer for Kids\" program at the UNMC Eppley Cancer Center at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha. In the Pittsburgh region, it funded the establishment of the Burger King Cancer Caring Center, a support organization for the families and friends of cancer patients.",0,null,108,true,"93_6_CAR_413fba62e7fd87c1b115c75cff9536bcdd52701d","CAR_413fba62e7fd87c1b115c75cff9536bcdd52701d","93_6_CAR_009d9fb62ae3e378d570ed4824cf2b4d2b2b3560","CAR_009d9fb62ae3e378d570ed4824cf2b4d2b2b3560","93_6_CAR_009d9fb62ae3e378d570ed4824cf2b4d2b2b3560","CAR_009d9fb62ae3e378d570ed4824cf2b4d2b2b3560",null,"What support does the franchise provide?","CAR_c52dae9a05f30cfe59e5cad717809d77c411412e","93_6_CAR_c52dae9a05f30cfe59e5cad717809d77c411412e","While the franchise system will provide start-up training for your business and offer ongoing support, as the franchisee, you must be prepared to accept the responsibility of managing the business yourself. Most franchiseâ€™s success is heavily dependent on hands-on management.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What support does the franchise provide?","93_6","How does the Burger King brand support us ?","Posted: 07/02/2014 9:21 am EDT Updated: 07/02/2014 12:59 pm EDT. In what could be a first for a global fast food outlet, Burger King is making a bold proclamation in support of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community with the launch of a specially packaged burger.osted: 07/02/2014 9:21 am EDT Updated: 07/02/2014 12:59 pm EDT. In what could be a first for a global fast food outlet, Burger King is making a bold proclamation in support of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community with the launch of a specially packaged burger.",0,null,"What kind of support does a Burger King franchise offer ?","We have the recipe for success and are determined to empower you with first-class knowledge resources and support needed to be a member of the BURGER KING Â® family. There has never been a better time to become a BURGER KING Â® franchisee. We stand ready to support your franchising & development plans. Are you ready to take action?",0,"","What help does a Burger King franchise provide ?","In various regions across the United States, Burger King and its franchises have aligned themselves with several charitable organizations that support research and treatment of juvenile cancer. Each year, these coalitions hold a fund raising drive called \"A Chance for Kids\", in which Burger King restaurants sell lottery-style scratch cards for $1. Each card produces a winning prize that is usually a food or beverage product, but includes (rarer) items such as shopping sprees or trips. In the Northeast, BK has affiliated itself with the Major League Baseball team the Boston Red Sox and its charitable foundation, the Jimmy Fund. The group runs the contest in Boston. In the New York City area, it operates the contest in association with the Burger King Children's Charities of Metro New York and the New York Yankees. Funds raised in these areas go to support the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, located in Boston. In Nebraska, the company is affiliated with the Liz's Legacy Cancer Fund \"BK Beat Cancer for Kids\" program at the UNMC Eppley Cancer Center at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha. In the Pittsburgh region, it funded the establishment of the Burger King Cancer Caring Center, a support organization for the families and friends of cancer patients.",0,"","What support does a Burger King franchise provide ?","After Burger King Corporation lost the case, it decided to terminate its operations in the country and in July 2002 the company transferred its assets to its New Zealand franchise group, Trans-Pacific Foods (TPF). The terms of the sale had TPF assume oversight of the Burger King franchises in the region as the Burger King brand's master franchisee. Trans-Pacific Foods administered the chain's 81 locations until September 2003 when the new management team of Burger King Corporation reached an agreement with Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd to re-brand the existing Burger King locations to Hungry Jack's and make Hungry Jack's Pty the sole master franchisee of both brands. An additional part of the agreement required Burger King Corporation to provide administrative and advertising support as to ensure a common marketing scheme for the company and its products. Trans-Pacific Foods transferred its control of the Burger King franchises to Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd, which subsequently renamed the remaining Burger King locations as \"Hungry Jack's,\" joining the other 210 outlets at the time.",0,null,108,true,"93_6_MARCO_538101","MARCO_538101","93_6_MARCO_5407560","MARCO_5407560","93_6_CAR_c52dae9a05f30cfe59e5cad717809d77c411412e","CAR_c52dae9a05f30cfe59e5cad717809d77c411412e",null,"What support does the franchise provide?","CAR_a1b6a954d4c44c325227c266fa288d854b5f75b3","93_6_CAR_a1b6a954d4c44c325227c266fa288d854b5f75b3","The company supports more than 5,763 franchise locations throughout the United States. Start-up costs range from around $50,000 to $100,000 per franchise. Jackson Hewitt offers support to franchise owners for approved Jackson Hewitt products, software, and computer hardware. The company offers an online Support Center, as well as staff trained to respond to software and technology needs. The online Support Center also provides remote assistance, email, chat and telephone support. Furthermore, in tax year 2005 Jackson Hewitt unveiled its new ESS scan system which enables paperless uploading of customer documents to its secure server.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","93_7","What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise ?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How could I start a Burger King franchise ?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Ok . How do I open at a location for a Burger King franchise ?","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What is the process to open a Burger King franchise ?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,109,false,"93_7_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524","93_7_MARCO_655622","MARCO_655622","93_7_MARCO_4332525","MARCO_4332525",null,"OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","MARCO_655622","93_7_MARCO_655622","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},4]
["OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","93_7","What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise ?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How could I start a Burger King franchise ?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Ok . How do I open at a location for a Burger King franchise ?","Part 2 of 3: Preparing to Open Your Franchise. 1. Rent or buy a location for your franchise. When it comes to franchises, location is everything-you'll want a spot for your franchise that is visible, accessible, and centrally-located in an area with a market for your new business.You'll also want to carefully consider the franchise's location relative to competing businesses.or example, if you want to open a fast food franchise, you'll find that a number of franchises (such as Burger King, McDonald's, etc.) that may be willing to work with you.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What is the process to open a Burger King franchise ?","When McLamore and Edgarton's Burger King Corporation began a full franchising system in 1961, it relied on a regional franchising model where franchisees would purchase the right to open stores within a defined geographic region. These franchise agreements granted the company very little oversight control over its franchisees and resulted in issues of product quality control, store image and design and operations procedures.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,109,false,"93_7_MARCO_655622","MARCO_655622","93_7_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524","93_7_MARCO_3577954","MARCO_3577954",null,"OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","CAR_de9afc57c10315d723cf1a9fb19faeb90ccb5408","93_7_CAR_de9afc57c10315d723cf1a9fb19faeb90ccb5408","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","93_7","What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise ?","ABOUT FRANCHISING. Franchising with BURGER KINGÂ® offers you the possibility to actively benefit from the power of our brand and our convincing product range and to pass on the â€˜Taste is KINGâ€™ culture to your guests in your own BURGER KINGÂ® restaurant.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How could I start a Burger King franchise ?","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Ok . How do I open at a location for a Burger King franchise ?","While Burger King still utilizes a version of its revamped franchising system in the United States, outside of North America its international locations licenses are still sold on a regional basis with franchises owning exclusive development rights for a region or country. These regional franchises are known as master franchises, and are responsible for opening new restaurants, licensing new third party operators, and performing standards oversight of all restaurant locations in these countries; one of the larger examples of a master franchise is Hungry Jack's, which oversees over 300 restaurants in Australia.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What is the process to open a Burger King franchise ?","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,109,false,"93_7_MARCO_7975349","MARCO_7975349","93_7_MARCO_218440","MARCO_218440","93_7_CAR_c3d9fc86f883b1d03438f5317625d8d352154091","CAR_c3d9fc86f883b1d03438f5317625d8d352154091",null,"OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","MARCO_4332525","93_7_MARCO_4332525","ABOUT FRANCHISING. Franchising with BURGER KINGÂ® offers you the possibility to actively benefit from the power of our brand and our convincing product range and to pass on the â€˜Taste is KINGâ€™ culture to your guests in your own BURGER KINGÂ® restaurant.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,0,1,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["How did snowboarding begin?","94_1","Where did snowboarding come from ?","Digital Vision/Digital Vision/Getty Images. Tom Sims invented snowboarding when he built the first snowboard in 1963. Growing up in New Jersey, the young surfer and skateboarder became frustrated when ice and snow prevented him from pursuing his passion for board sports during the winter months.",1,null,"When was snowboarding invented ?","Digital Vision/Digital Vision/Getty Images. Tom Sims invented snowboarding when he built the first snowboard in 1963. Growing up in New Jersey, the young surfer and skateboarder became frustrated when ice and snow prevented him from pursuing his passion for board sports during the winter months.",1,"","How did snowboarding start ?","Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill.",1,"","How did snowboarding begin ?","Snowboarding was born in 1965 when Sherman Poppen created the \"Snurfer\" by bracing a pair of skis together and riding  sideways down his backyard hill in Muskegon, Michigan. Through the late 60s, 70s and early 80s snowboard designs with the help of snowboard innovators Jake Burton, Tom Sims, Mike Olson, Dimitrije Milovich and others. It has since evolved into the fastest growing winter sport on the planet.",4,null,110,true,"94_1_MARCO_414","MARCO_414","94_1_MARCO_414","MARCO_414","94_1_MARCO_4450167","MARCO_4450167",null,"How did snowboarding begin?","CAR_eb78f460f0ce986ae4dd5ea3ef4add4590c24b96","94_1_CAR_eb78f460f0ce986ae4dd5ea3ef4add4590c24b96","The Beginning Of Snowboarding. It is hard to say who actually invented the first snowboard. People would have always figured out how to slide down a hill on some sled, thus it would be unfair to point out one specific person, who came up with the first snowboard. There were some people, though, who built snowboard like sleds before.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How did snowboarding begin?","94_1","Where did snowboarding come from ?","By Philip Sebastian Schilling. Snowboarding is an awesome sport that has become more and more popular in recent years. Originally the inspiration came from skateboarding, surfing, and skiing, the sport of snowboarding evolved in the United States back in the decades of the 1960s and 70s.",1,null,"When was snowboarding invented ?","Who Invented Snowboarding? Tom Sims invented snowboarding when he built the first snowboard in 1963. Growing up in New Jersey, the young surfer and skateboarder became frustrated when ice and snow prevented him from pursuing his passion for board sports during the winter months.",1,"","How did snowboarding start ?","Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill. Dubbed the \"snurfer\" (combining snow and surfer) by his wife Nancy, the toy proved so popular among his daughters' friends that Poppen licensed the idea to a manufacturer, Brunswick Corporation, that sold about a million snurfers over the next decade. And, in 1966 alone over half a million snurfers were sold.",2,"","How did snowboarding begin ?","The Beginning Of Snowboarding. It is hard to say who actually invented the first snowboard. People would have always figured out how to slide down a hill on some sled, thus it would be unfair to point out one specific person, who came up with the first snowboard. There were some people, though, who built snowboard like sleds before.",1,null,110,true,"94_1_MARCO_6146441","MARCO_6146441","94_1_MARCO_413","MARCO_413","94_1_CAR_b8ed195ea03936c56df3451eebbcca6034487977","CAR_b8ed195ea03936c56df3451eebbcca6034487977",null,"How did snowboarding begin?","MARCO_4450169","94_1_MARCO_4450169","Snowboarding was born in 1965 when Sherman Poppen created the \"Snurfer\" by bracing a pair of skis together and riding  sideways down his backyard hill in Muskegon, Michigan. Through the late 60s, 70s and early 80s snowboard designs with the help of snowboard innovators Jake Burton, Tom Sims, Mike Olson, Dimitrije Milovich and others. It has since evolved into the fastest growing winter sport on the planet.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How did snowboarding begin?","94_1","Where did snowboarding come from ?","As snowboarding became more popular in the 1970s and 1980s, pioneers such as Dimitrije Milovich, Jake Burton Carpenter (founder of Burton Snowboards from Londonderry, Vermont), Tom Sims (founder of Sims Snowboards), and Mike Olson (founder of Gnu Snowboards) came up with new designs for boards and mechanisms that slowly developed into the snowboards and other related equipment that we know today.",1,null,"When was snowboarding invented ?","Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill.",1,"","How did snowboarding start ?","Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so they would have some control as she stood on the board and glided downhill.he development of snowboarding was inspired by skateboarding, sledding, surfing and skiing. It was developed in the United States in the 1960s and became a Winter Olympic Sport in 1998. Its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.",3,"","How did snowboarding begin ?","1981 - Modern competitive snowboarding begins with a small contest held in April at Ski Cooper in Leadville, Colorado.",1,null,110,true,"94_1_CAR_6d8a5005eb830bf3d05dc6e394667b8d6a517a4b","CAR_6d8a5005eb830bf3d05dc6e394667b8d6a517a4b","94_1_MARCO_4450167","MARCO_4450167","94_1_MARCO_2722072","MARCO_2722072",null,"How did snowboarding begin?","CAR_532dece5f3042428504d325855159d5d8e63dc63","94_1_CAR_532dece5f3042428504d325855159d5d8e63dc63","In the DVD extra on the King of New York, Schoolly D claims to have independently invented the sport of snowboarding by sledding down Philadelphia hills on pieces of linoleum. (Snowboarding has roots in snurfing, which was invented in 1965.)",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","94_2","What were the names of the snowboarding 's winners ?","In 2010 Salomon Snowboards won TransWorld Snowboarding’s Team Shoot Out, in which four of the best teams in snowboarding compete simultaneously at four separate resorts across the West for the grand prize – the cover of the September issue of TransWorld Snowboarding Magazine.",0,null,"Who was the world 's best snowboarder ?","Shaun White is the world's most famous snowboarder. usatsi Shaun White is one of the most prominent faces of Team USA snowboarding, having captured a record 15 gold medals at the X Games and Winter X Games, including two for men's skateboarding, to go with his two gold medals at the Winter Olympics.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who won the gold in the snowboarding event ?","The gold was won by Swiss Iouri Podladtchikov, who was followed by two Japanese snowboarders, the 15-year-old Ayumu Hirano in silver and Taku Hiraoka in bronze.",0,"","Who were the snowboarding winners ?","In 2010 Salomon Snowboards won TransWorld Snowboarding’s Team Shoot Out, in which four of the best teams in snowboarding compete simultaneously at four separate resorts across the West for the grand prize – the cover of the September issue of TransWorld Snowboarding Magazine.",0,null,111,false,"94_2_CAR_dac3458d9288bd3bb06849fd6c0995a336c5cd6a","CAR_dac3458d9288bd3bb06849fd6c0995a336c5cd6a","94_2_MARCO_7233697","MARCO_7233697","94_2_CAR_730ebb8cf5fb71cb668ceeaf39f2b0d0b5dc69c3","CAR_730ebb8cf5fb71cb668ceeaf39f2b0d0b5dc69c3",null,"Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","CAR_dac3458d9288bd3bb06849fd6c0995a336c5cd6a","94_2_CAR_dac3458d9288bd3bb06849fd6c0995a336c5cd6a","At the 1998 Winter Olympic Games in Nagano, Japan, Snowboarding became an official Olympic event.  France's Karine Ruby was the first ever to win an Olympic gold medal for Woman's Snowboarding at the 1998 Olympics, while Canadian Ross Rebagliati was the first ever to win an Olympic gold medal for Men's Snowboarding.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","94_2","What were the names of the snowboarding 's winners ?","In the evening, the Men's Snowboard SuperPipe Final, Snowmobile Speed & Style Final, and the Men's Snowboard SuperPipe Final were held. American Colten Moore won the Snowmobile Speed & Style Final, with Joe Parsons placing second and Cory Davis placing third. In the Snowboard SuperPipe Final, American snowboarder Danny Davis placed first, Japanese snowboarder Taku Hiraoka placed second, and Russian Iouri Podladtchikov placed third.",0,null,"Who was the world 's best snowboarder ?","CBC News Posted: Mar 27, 2017 6:37 AM PT Last Updated: Mar 27, 2017 1:20 PM PT. 1  Mark McMorris is the top-ranked men's slopestyle snowboarder in the world. 2  McMorris poses with his bronze medal on the podium of the men's snowboard slopestyle event at the Sochi Winter Olympics, on Feb. 8, 2014.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who won the gold in the snowboarding event ?","Franzinska \"Fränzi\" Mägert-Kohli (born 31 May 1982) is a Swiss snowboarder. She won the gold medal in the parallel slalom at the 2009 Snowboarding World Championships.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who were the snowboarding winners ?","Winners: T.J. Schiller - ski, Travis Rice - snowboard",0,null,111,false,"94_2_CAR_02369982f0e8c59c25aa4346c148b487e0269eac","CAR_02369982f0e8c59c25aa4346c148b487e0269eac","94_2_MARCO_2317708","MARCO_2317708","94_2_CAR_49475ee53478122184deb04b772c4ef46dae3427","CAR_49475ee53478122184deb04b772c4ef46dae3427",null,"Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","CAR_c35222ec89ad9f44d29203a6c500cfb4c2901e92","94_2_CAR_c35222ec89ad9f44d29203a6c500cfb4c2901e92","Ruby won the giant slalom event in the snowboarding competition at the 1998 Winter Olympics held in Nagano, Japan, overcoming severe weather conditions to win the first Olympic gold medal awarded in the event to a woman. She finished a combined 1.74 seconds behind Isabelle Blanc in the parallel giant slalom in snowboarding competition at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, an event that the two French snowboarders had dedicated to the memory of teammate Régine Cavagnoud, who had died in a 2001 training accident.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","94_2","What were the names of the snowboarding 's winners ?","Mt. Baker Banked Slalom, also known as the Legendary Banked Slalom (LBS), is a snowboarding contest held annually since 1985 at Mt. Baker Ski Area, in Washington State, United States. The LBS is regarded as the predecessor to the boardercross event, and has been won by some of the biggest names in the history of snowboarding. The winner receives a Duct Tape trophy and an embroidered Carhartt jacket. Terje Håkonsen is the winningest male pro snowboarder with 7 trophies over a 17 year period; the winningest female pro snowboarder is Maëlle Ricker with 7 consecutive wins from 2007 to 2013.",0,null,"Who was the world 's best snowboarder ?","Craig Kelly (April 1, 1966 - January 20, 2003) is known as the 'Godfather of Freeriding'; Terje Haakonsen called Kelly the best snowboarder of all time. He shocked the snowboard industry by walking away from multi-million dollar deals to pursue freeriding.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who won the gold in the snowboarding event ?","Petja Piiroinen (born August 15, 1991) is a snowboarder from Finland. He won the gold medal at the 2011 FIS Snowboarding World Championships in the big air event. He is the younger brother of fellow snowboarder Peetu Piiroinen.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who were the snowboarding winners ?","In the evening, the Men's Snowboard SuperPipe Final, Snowmobile Speed & Style Final, and the Men's Snowboard SuperPipe Final were held. American Colten Moore won the Snowmobile Speed & Style Final, with Joe Parsons placing second and Cory Davis placing third. In the Snowboard SuperPipe Final, American snowboarder Danny Davis placed first, Japanese snowboarder Taku Hiraoka placed second, and Russian Iouri Podladtchikov placed third.",0,null,111,false,"94_2_CAR_675f669dd9c2d923c888c0b6202e9bcd39604916","CAR_675f669dd9c2d923c888c0b6202e9bcd39604916","94_2_CAR_48aa32374239a5301295696f66148021d93081f4","CAR_48aa32374239a5301295696f66148021d93081f4","94_2_CAR_7afbb19b4350bab64b8424bc8f6804b9ba62b0ae","CAR_7afbb19b4350bab64b8424bc8f6804b9ba62b0ae",null,"Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","CAR_02369982f0e8c59c25aa4346c148b487e0269eac","94_2_CAR_02369982f0e8c59c25aa4346c148b487e0269eac","Snowboarding is a sport that has been contested at the Winter Olympic Games since the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan. Snowboarding was one of five new sports or disciplines added to the Winter Olympic programme between 1992 and 2002, and was the only one not to have been a previous medal or demonstration event. In 1998, four events, two for men and two for women, were held in two specialities: the giant slalom, a downhill event similar to giant slalom skiing; and the half-pipe, in which competitors perform tricks while going from one side of a semi-circular ditch to the other. Canadian Ross Rebagliati won the men's giant slalom and became the first athlete to win a gold medal in snowboarding. Rebagliati was briefly stripped of his medal by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) after testing positive for marijuana. However, the IOC's decision was reverted following an appeal from the Canadian Olympic Association. For the 2002 Winter Olympics, the giant slalom was dropped in favour of the parallel giant slalom, an event that involves head-to-head racing. In 2006, a third event, the snowboard cross, was held for the first time. In this event, competitors race against each other down a course with jumps, beams and other obstacles.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","94_3","What do strap - in bindings mean ?","Cap-strap bindings are a recent modification that provide a very tight fit to the toe of the boot, and seats the boot more securely in the binding. Numerous companies have adopted various versions of the cap strap.",1,null,"What do strap - in bindings do ?","Cap-strap bindings are a recent modification that provide a very tight fit to the toe of the boot, and seats the boot more securely in the binding. Numerous companies have adopted various versions of the cap strap.",1,"","What are strap - in bindings ? Why are they necessary ?","Cap-strap bindings are a recent modification that provide a very tight fit to the toe of the boot, and seats the boot more securely in the binding. Numerous companies have adopted various versions of the cap strap.",1,"","What are strap - in bindings ?","Cap-strap bindings are a recent modification that provide a very tight fit to the toe of the boot, and seats the boot more securely in the binding. Numerous companies have adopted various versions of the cap strap.",1,null,112,true,"94_3_CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950","CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950","94_3_CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950","CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950","94_3_CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950","CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950",null,"What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950","94_3_CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950","Cap-strap bindings are a recent modification that provide a very tight fit to the toe of the boot, and seats the boot more securely in the binding. Numerous companies have adopted various versions of the cap strap.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","94_3","What do strap - in bindings mean ?","Dictionary entry overview: What does strap mean? â€¢ STRAP (noun) The noun STRAP has 4 senses: 1. an elongated leather strip (or a strip of similar material) for binding things together or holding something in position 2. hanger consisting of a loop of leather suspended from the ceiling of a bus or train; passengers hold onto it",0,null,"What do strap - in bindings do ?","The cable binding attaches firmly at the toe only, normally in a trapezoidal metal cup roughly the same as the toe of a boot. A strap is fastened over the toe to stop it from rising out of the cup vertically. Another cable holds the boot forward into the cup, and under the tow strap. If the heel is lifted, causing the boot to rotate in the toe clip, a spring keeps tension on the cable to keep the boot pressed forward.",0,"","What are strap - in bindings ? Why are they necessary ?","The last type (strap bindings) are more versatile and can adapt to virtually any boot or shoe, but often do not fit as precisely as the other two types. Oscar Eckenstein designed the first 10-point crampon in 1908, dramatically reducing the need for step cutting. This design was then made commercially available by the Italian Henry Grivel.",0,"","What are strap - in bindings ?","With modern strap bindings, the rider wears a boot which has a thick but flexible sole, and padded uppers. The foot is held onto the board with two buckle straps – one strapped across the top of the toe area, and one across the ankle area. They can be tightly ratcheted closed for a tight fit and good rider control of the board. Straps are typically padded to more evenly distribute pressure across the foot. While nowhere near as popular as two-strap bindings, some people prefer three-strap bindings for more specialized riding such as carving. The third strap tends to provide additional stiffness to the binding.",4,null,112,true,"94_3_MARCO_6683262","MARCO_6683262","94_3_CAR_84c18a691dbc39d705c5e3e9110e7186bccad5a7","CAR_84c18a691dbc39d705c5e3e9110e7186bccad5a7","94_3_MARCO_6039649","MARCO_6039649",null,"What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","CAR_8c4d7a7d8eee2d2d1a6c3ffdd0d61e36dc0f37d7","94_3_CAR_8c4d7a7d8eee2d2d1a6c3ffdd0d61e36dc0f37d7","Snowboard boots and bindings are normally far simpler than their downhill counterparts, rarely including release systems for instance, and need to provide mechanical support only in the fore and aft directions. These typically consist of an external frame, generally L shaped, which the snowboarder steps into and then fastens down using straps over the boot. The boot itself is not as responsible for transmitting forces, and can be much softer than a typical downhill boot. When the sport was first introduced, normal winter boots were used, but today it is much more common to use semi-stiff snowboarding boots. Some specialty disciplines use harder boots with step-in bindings more similar to downhill systems, but these are not widely used outside these fields, even though some downhill sports teachers use these so they can switch between snowboarding or skiing classes without having to change boots.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","94_3","What do strap - in bindings mean ?","With modern strap bindings, the rider wears a boot which has a thick but flexible sole, and padded uppers. The foot is held onto the board with two buckle straps – one strapped across the top of the toe area, and one across the ankle area. They can be tightly ratcheted closed for a tight fit and good rider control of the board. Straps are typically padded to more evenly distribute pressure across the foot. While nowhere near as popular as two-strap bindings, some people prefer three-strap bindings for more specialized riding such as carving. The third strap tends to provide additional stiffness to the binding.",4,null,"What do strap - in bindings do ?","With modern strap bindings, the rider wears a boot which has a thick but flexible sole, and padded uppers. The foot is held onto the board with two buckle straps – one strapped across the top of the toe area, and one across the ankle area. They can be tightly ratcheted closed for a tight fit and good rider control of the board. Straps are typically padded to more evenly distribute pressure across the foot. While nowhere near as popular as two-strap bindings, some people prefer three-strap bindings for more specialized riding such as carving. The third strap tends to provide additional stiffness to the binding.",4,"","What are strap - in bindings ? Why are they necessary ?","With modern strap bindings, the rider wears a boot which has a thick but flexible sole, and padded uppers. The foot is held onto the board with two buckle straps – one strapped across the top of the toe area, and one across the ankle area. They can be tightly ratcheted closed for a tight fit and good rider control of the board. Straps are typically padded to more evenly distribute pressure across the foot. While nowhere near as popular as two-strap bindings, some people prefer three-strap bindings for more specialized riding such as carving. The third strap tends to provide additional stiffness to the binding.",4,"","What are strap - in bindings ?","The cable binding attaches firmly at the toe only, normally in a trapezoidal metal cup roughly the same as the toe of a boot. A strap is fastened over the toe to stop it from rising out of the cup vertically. Another cable holds the boot forward into the cup, and under the tow strap. If the heel is lifted, causing the boot to rotate in the toe clip, a spring keeps tension on the cable to keep the boot pressed forward.",0,null,112,true,"94_3_CAR_8c4d7a7d8eee2d2d1a6c3ffdd0d61e36dc0f37d7","CAR_8c4d7a7d8eee2d2d1a6c3ffdd0d61e36dc0f37d7","94_3_CAR_8c4d7a7d8eee2d2d1a6c3ffdd0d61e36dc0f37d7","CAR_8c4d7a7d8eee2d2d1a6c3ffdd0d61e36dc0f37d7","94_3_CAR_8c4d7a7d8eee2d2d1a6c3ffdd0d61e36dc0f37d7","CAR_8c4d7a7d8eee2d2d1a6c3ffdd0d61e36dc0f37d7",null,"What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","CAR_84c18a691dbc39d705c5e3e9110e7186bccad5a7","94_3_CAR_84c18a691dbc39d705c5e3e9110e7186bccad5a7","With modern strap bindings, the rider wears a boot which has a thick but flexible sole, and padded uppers. The foot is held onto the board with two buckle straps – one strapped across the top of the toe area, and one across the ankle area. They can be tightly ratcheted closed for a tight fit and good rider control of the board. Straps are typically padded to more evenly distribute pressure across the foot. While nowhere near as popular as two-strap bindings, some people prefer three-strap bindings for more specialized riding such as carving. The third strap tends to provide additional stiffness to the binding.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","94_4","What are possible types to replace strap - in bindings ?","This buckled strap was later replaced by a metal cable. The cable binding remained in use, and even increased in popularity, throughout this period as cross-country skiing developed into a major sport of its own. Change eventually came though the evolution of the Rottefella binding, first introduced in 1927. The original Rottefella eliminated the heel strap, which held the boot forward in the binding, by drilling small holes in the sole of the boot which fit into pins in the toe piece. This was standardized as the 3-pin system, which was widespread by the 1970s. It has now generally been replaced by the NNN system.",0,null,"Are there better options for bindings ?","With this bind, the book lies flat but cannot be opened 360 degrees. For a book that can be opened such that the covers touch, a spine that does not have an obstructive body, such as a coil binding, is a better option.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some different binding types for snowboarding ?","Plate bindings are used with hardboots on Alpine or racing snowboards. Extreme carvers and some Boarder Cross racers also use plate bindings. The stiff bindings and boots give much more control over the board and allow the board to be carved much more easily than with softer bindings. Alpine snowboards tend to be longer and thinner with a much stiffer flex for greater edge hold and better carving performance.",0,"","What 's an alternative to strap - in bindings ?","Cap-strap bindings are a recent modification that provide a very tight fit to the toe of the boot, and seats the boot more securely in the binding. Numerous companies have adopted various versions of the cap strap.",0,null,113,false,"94_4_CAR_b150c4c523e31bb4b8ef6a281e7a108b7fb44779","CAR_b150c4c523e31bb4b8ef6a281e7a108b7fb44779","94_4_CAR_e4e22e964d9c146076bc97ddcb548e569089313f","CAR_e4e22e964d9c146076bc97ddcb548e569089313f","94_4_CAR_d62ca1ffb08e9b6c8449a57304d4686fd9de1cbd","CAR_d62ca1ffb08e9b6c8449a57304d4686fd9de1cbd",null,"What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950","94_4_CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950","A Noboard is a snowboard binding alternative with only peel and stick pads applied directly to any snowboard deck and no attachment.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","94_4","What are possible types to replace strap - in bindings ?","Des was one of the early adopters of mass production in recreational boatbuilding using the postwar (WW2) available waterproof glues - in this case Resin Syrup by Desford or Cascade as used in construction of the De Havilland Mosquito aircraft not so many years earlier. He also developed efficient techniques for removing staples from the veneer after glue setting using the recently released synthetic packaging strap which was starting to replace metal binding.  Staples were set through the strapping when the veneers were fixed. Staple removal mostly was achieved by pulling up one of the strap with the staples still engaged saving substantial time over traditional removal, and with less veneer damage.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Are there better options for bindings ?","A less common way of binding is using a specially fitted binding bra, however these can be more expensive and are not widely stocked. There are places to buy binders, and they are a much better alternative to other, more dangerous methods.",0,"","What are some different binding types for snowboarding ?","What size bindings do i need? Hopefully we answered that question above but bindings are probably the easiest element to choose for your arsenal. Bindings only come in a few different size options, but each size accommodates a range of boot sizes. This makes finding the right size binding a quick and easy process. A couple other things to look at while shopping are different types of binding entry systems and board/boot/binding compatibility. There are several types of bindings, most are similar and utilize the traditional strap system.",0,"","What 's an alternative to strap - in bindings ?","A less common way of binding is using a specially fitted binding bra, however these can be more expensive and are not widely stocked. There are places to buy binders, and they are a much better alternative to other, more dangerous methods.",0,null,113,false,"94_4_CAR_194751962f0b3a75dcf53935ff512e238ebc52da","CAR_194751962f0b3a75dcf53935ff512e238ebc52da","94_4_CAR_151c923e0210904b367dd4bcc8ca472bde035c50","CAR_151c923e0210904b367dd4bcc8ca472bde035c50","94_4_MARCO_8765621","MARCO_8765621",null,"What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","CAR_151c923e0210904b367dd4bcc8ca472bde035c50","94_4_CAR_151c923e0210904b367dd4bcc8ca472bde035c50","There are also proprietary systems that seek to combine the convenience of step-in systems with the control levels attainable with strap-ins. An example is the Flow binding system, which is similar to a strap-in binding, except that the foot enters the binding through the back.  The back flips down and allows the boot to slide in; it's then flipped up and locked into place with a clamp, eliminating the need to loosen and then re-tighten straps every time the rider frees and then re-secures their rear foot. The rider's boot is held down by an adjustable webbing that covers most of the foot. Newer Flow models have connected straps in place of the webbing found on older models; these straps are also micro adjustable. In 2004, K2 released the Cinch series, a similar rear-entry binding; riders slip their foot in as they would a Flow binding, however rather than webbing, the foot is held down by straps.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","94_4","What are possible types to replace strap - in bindings ?","There are also proprietary systems that seek to combine the convenience of step-in systems with the control levels attainable with strap-ins. An example is the Flow binding system, which is similar to a strap-in binding, except that the foot enters the binding through the back.  The back flips down and allows the boot to slide in; it's then flipped up and locked into place with a clamp, eliminating the need to loosen and then re-tighten straps every time the rider frees and then re-secures their rear foot. The rider's boot is held down by an adjustable webbing that covers most of the foot. Newer Flow models have connected straps in place of the webbing found on older models; these straps are also micro adjustable. In 2004, K2 released the Cinch series, a similar rear-entry binding; riders slip their foot in as they would a Flow binding, however rather than webbing, the foot is held down by straps.",3,null,"Are there better options for bindings ?","Comparison with other punch binds[edit] With this bind, the book lies flat but cannot be opened 360 degrees. For a book that can be opened such that the covers touch, a spine that does not have an obstructive body, such as a coil binding, is a better option.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some different binding types for snowboarding ?","Around the same time as Spruce Mountain, a company called Snowjam started making skiboards. Today, they produce 3 models that are using the standard 4x4 binding insert pattern, the 75 cm and 90 cm and 99 cm. Another one of Snowjam's long lasting products has been their non-release binding system called Extreme II. Using all metal and the standard 4x4 system, the Extreme II has lasted through the years as a quality affordable binding option. Most skiboards that are produced in Japan today come standard with Extreme II bindings. Snowjam also now makes snowboards.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What 's an alternative to strap - in bindings ?","There are also proprietary systems that seek to combine the convenience of step-in systems with the control levels attainable with strap-ins. An example is the Flow binding system, which is similar to a strap-in binding, except that the foot enters the binding through the back.  The back flips down and allows the boot to slide in; it's then flipped up and locked into place with a clamp, eliminating the need to loosen and then re-tighten straps every time the rider frees and then re-secures their rear foot. The rider's boot is held down by an adjustable webbing that covers most of the foot. Newer Flow models have connected straps in place of the webbing found on older models; these straps are also micro adjustable. In 2004, K2 released the Cinch series, a similar rear-entry binding; riders slip their foot in as they would a Flow binding, however rather than webbing, the foot is held down by straps.",3,null,113,false,"94_4_CAR_7cb6d2b4c4f979909fc1a7e578e2bf765ba277b4","CAR_7cb6d2b4c4f979909fc1a7e578e2bf765ba277b4","94_4_MARCO_8009877","MARCO_8009877","94_4_CAR_f6347ceac83fd0f717439d465d2fbf19baf4da8d","CAR_f6347ceac83fd0f717439d465d2fbf19baf4da8d",null,"What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","CAR_7cb6d2b4c4f979909fc1a7e578e2bf765ba277b4","94_4_CAR_7cb6d2b4c4f979909fc1a7e578e2bf765ba277b4","There are several types of bindings. Strap-in, step-in, and hybrid bindings are used by most recreational riders and all freestyle riders.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","94_5","What other things do I need for my first experience besides strap - in bindings ?","What size bindings do i need? Hopefully we answered that question above but bindings are probably the easiest element to choose for your arsenal. Bindings only come in a few different size options, but each size accommodates a range of boot sizes. This makes finding the right size binding a quick and easy process. A couple other things to look at while shopping are different types of binding entry systems and board/boot/binding compatibility. There are several types of bindings, most are similar and utilize the traditional strap system.",0,null,"What do I need to prepare when I start snowboarding other than the bindings ?","A snowboard, and perhaps snowboard boots. You can get snowboards with buckles for normal shoes/boots, and you can get snowboards with click thingies, that you click snowboar â€¦ d boot into.   Answer:   You need a lot of equipment for snowboarding. Here is the equipment that is necessary: A snowboard, Snowboard boots, helmet (optional), goggles, gloves, and bindings. You need your equipment to be fitted properly or you can get badly hurt or not perform at your 110% top.",3,"","What tools , besides that , will I need for a beginner ?","What do I need to get started in concrete polishing? We recommend a complete surface preparation system including: a floor grinding and polishing machine(s), vacuum system(s), diamond tooling, chemicals (densifier and sealer) and dyes (optional).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What else do I need for my first time besides strap - in bindings ?","What size bindings do i need? Hopefully we answered that question above but bindings are probably the easiest element to choose for your arsenal. Bindings only come in a few different size options, but each size accommodates a range of boot sizes. This makes finding the right size binding a quick and easy process. A couple other things to look at while shopping are different types of binding entry systems and board/boot/binding compatibility. There are several types of bindings, most are similar and utilize the traditional strap system.",0,null,114,true,"94_5_MARCO_8765621","MARCO_8765621","94_5_MARCO_8730477","MARCO_8730477","94_5_MARCO_5670529","MARCO_5670529",null,"What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","MARCO_8765621","94_5_MARCO_8765621","A snowboard, and perhaps snowboard boots. You can get snowboards with buckles for normal shoes/boots, and you can get snowboards with click thingies, that you click snowboar â€¦ d boot into.   Answer:   You need a lot of equipment for snowboarding. Here is the equipment that is necessary: A snowboard, Snowboard boots, helmet (optional), goggles, gloves, and bindings. You need your equipment to be fitted properly or you can get badly hurt or not perform at your 110% top.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","94_5","What other things do I need for my first experience besides strap - in bindings ?","There are also proprietary systems that seek to combine the convenience of step-in systems with the control levels attainable with strap-ins. An example is the Flow binding system, which is similar to a strap-in binding, except that the foot enters the binding through the back.  The back flips down and allows the boot to slide in; it's then flipped up and locked into place with a clamp, eliminating the need to loosen and then re-tighten straps every time the rider frees and then re-secures their rear foot. The rider's boot is held down by an adjustable webbing that covers most of the foot. Newer Flow models have connected straps in place of the webbing found on older models; these straps are also micro adjustable. In 2004, K2 released the Cinch series, a similar rear-entry binding; riders slip their foot in as they would a Flow binding, however rather than webbing, the foot is held down by straps.",0,null,"What do I need to prepare when I start snowboarding other than the bindings ?","Snowboard boots and bindings are normally far simpler than their downhill counterparts, rarely including release systems for instance, and need to provide mechanical support only in the fore and aft directions. These typically consist of an external frame, generally L shaped, which the snowboarder steps into and then fastens down using straps over the boot. The boot itself is not as responsible for transmitting forces, and can be much softer than a typical downhill boot. When the sport was first introduced, normal winter boots were used, but today it is much more common to use semi-stiff snowboarding boots. Some specialty disciplines use harder boots with step-in bindings more similar to downhill systems, but these are not widely used outside these fields, even though some downhill sports teachers use these so they can switch between snowboarding or skiing classes without having to change boots.",1,"","What tools , besides that , will I need for a beginner ?","Getting Started in Carpentry â€“ Tools of the Trade. After the latest progress report on the Foreclosure Project, several people were inspired and wrote to me with this question: Iâ€™ve always wanted to be able to do more of my own projects around the house, but I donâ€™t even know what tools I would need to get started.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What else do I need for my first time besides strap - in bindings ?","There are also proprietary systems that seek to combine the convenience of step-in systems with the control levels attainable with strap-ins. An example is the Flow binding system, which is similar to a strap-in binding, except that the foot enters the binding through the back.  The back flips down and allows the boot to slide in; it's then flipped up and locked into place with a clamp, eliminating the need to loosen and then re-tighten straps every time the rider frees and then re-secures their rear foot. The rider's boot is held down by an adjustable webbing that covers most of the foot. Newer Flow models have connected straps in place of the webbing found on older models; these straps are also micro adjustable. In 2004, K2 released the Cinch series, a similar rear-entry binding; riders slip their foot in as they would a Flow binding, however rather than webbing, the foot is held down by straps.",0,null,114,true,"94_5_CAR_7cb6d2b4c4f979909fc1a7e578e2bf765ba277b4","CAR_7cb6d2b4c4f979909fc1a7e578e2bf765ba277b4","94_5_CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8","CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8","94_5_MARCO_7773365","MARCO_7773365",null,"What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","CAR_7cb6d2b4c4f979909fc1a7e578e2bf765ba277b4","94_5_CAR_7cb6d2b4c4f979909fc1a7e578e2bf765ba277b4","Snowboard boots and bindings are normally far simpler than their downhill counterparts, rarely including release systems for instance, and need to provide mechanical support only in the fore and aft directions. These typically consist of an external frame, generally L shaped, which the snowboarder steps into and then fastens down using straps over the boot. The boot itself is not as responsible for transmitting forces, and can be much softer than a typical downhill boot. When the sport was first introduced, normal winter boots were used, but today it is much more common to use semi-stiff snowboarding boots. Some specialty disciplines use harder boots with step-in bindings more similar to downhill systems, but these are not widely used outside these fields, even though some downhill sports teachers use these so they can switch between snowboarding or skiing classes without having to change boots.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","94_5","What other things do I need for my first experience besides strap - in bindings ?","The last type (strap bindings) are more versatile and can adapt to virtually any boot or shoe, but often do not fit as precisely as the other two types. Oscar Eckenstein designed the first 10-point crampon in 1908, dramatically reducing the need for step cutting. This design was then made commercially available by the Italian Henry Grivel.",0,null,"What do I need to prepare when I start snowboarding other than the bindings ?","These are the most popular bindings in snowboarding. Before snowboard specific boots existed, snowboarders used any means necessary to attach their feet to their snowboards and gain the leverage needed for turning. Typical boots used in these early days of snowboarding were Sorels or snowmobile boots. These boots were not designed for snowboarding and did not provide the support desired for doing turns on the heel edge of a snowboard. As a result, early innovators such as Louis Fournier conceived the \"high-back\" binding design which was later commercialized and patented by Jeff Grell. The highback binding is the technology produced by most binding equipment manufacturers in the snowboard industry. The leverage provided by highbacks greatly improved board control. Snowboarders such as Craig Kelly adapted plastic \"tongues\" to their boots to provide the same support for toe-side turns that the highback provided for heel-side turns. In response, companies such as Burton and Gnu began to offer \"tongues\".",1,"","What tools , besides that , will I need for a beginner ?","A snowboard, and perhaps snowboard boots. You can get snowboards with buckles for normal shoes/boots, and you can get snowboards with click thingies, that you click snowboar â€¦ d boot into.   Answer:   You need a lot of equipment for snowboarding. Here is the equipment that is necessary: A snowboard, Snowboard boots, helmet (optional), goggles, gloves, and bindings. You need your equipment to be fitted properly or you can get badly hurt or not perform at your 110% top.",3,"","What else do I need for my first time besides strap - in bindings ?","The last type (strap bindings) are more versatile and can adapt to virtually any boot or shoe, but often do not fit as precisely as the other two types. Oscar Eckenstein designed the first 10-point crampon in 1908, dramatically reducing the need for step cutting. This design was then made commercially available by the Italian Henry Grivel.",0,null,114,true,"94_5_MARCO_6039649","MARCO_6039649","94_5_CAR_4505adef72edaa81c6da401b63b50cee73abf5da","CAR_4505adef72edaa81c6da401b63b50cee73abf5da","94_5_MARCO_8730477","MARCO_8730477",null,"What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","MARCO_6039649","94_5_MARCO_6039649","What size bindings do i need? Hopefully we answered that question above but bindings are probably the easiest element to choose for your arsenal. Bindings only come in a few different size options, but each size accommodates a range of boot sizes. This makes finding the right size binding a quick and easy process. A couple other things to look at while shopping are different types of binding entry systems and board/boot/binding compatibility. There are several types of bindings, most are similar and utilize the traditional strap system.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","94_6","How can I train myself to be a good snowboarder ?","Welcome to the Snowboard Workout page! My name is Ron McConnell. As a certified sports medicine trainer, my job is to help injured athletes get back into action ASAP. I feel the best way to do this is by training movements (expected or unexpected) that are specific to the sport.",0,null,"How do you get started by yourself ?","For example, your society might expect you to get an education, find a job, and start a family, in that order. Or, you might be expected to care for a family member instead of starting off on your own. 1  It can be hard to know what to do when social expectations conflict with what you'd like to do with your life.radually, start making larger life decisions for yourself. 1  For example, if you're unhappy in your job, you can decide to quit or change careers. 2  Or, if you're tired of living with your parents or a roommate, you can decide to move out on your own.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Where can I start to learn on my own ?","For example, your society might expect you to get an education, find a job, and start a family, in that order. Or, you might be expected to care for a family member instead of starting off on your own. 1  It can be hard to know what to do when social expectations conflict with what you'd like to do with your life.radually, start making larger life decisions for yourself. 1  For example, if you're unhappy in your job, you can decide to quit or change careers. 2  Or, if you're tired of living with your parents or a roommate, you can decide to move out on your own.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How can I teach myself to get started in snowboarding ?","Tamworth Snowdome claims to be able to teach people to learn how to snowboard in just one day â€“ exactly the sort of non-committal approach I like. Still, to be completely out of my comfort zone strapped to a board at the top of a mountain, even a fake one, is a terrifying proposition.",2,null,115,false,"94_6_MARCO_469854","MARCO_469854","94_6_MARCO_5803781","MARCO_5803781","94_6_MARCO_5803781","MARCO_5803781",null,"How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","MARCO_3485043","94_6_MARCO_3485043","Tamworth Snowdome claims to be able to teach people to learn how to snowboard in just one day â€“ exactly the sort of non-committal approach I like. Still, to be completely out of my comfort zone strapped to a board at the top of a mountain, even a fake one, is a terrifying proposition.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","94_6","How can I train myself to be a good snowboarder ?","Snowboard camps are overnight camping venues designed for the purpose of teaching and training snowboarders.  Camps are available for various skill levels, ranging from beginners to near-professional snowboarding.",2,null,"How do you get started by yourself ?","Here are a few free ideas to help you get your new venture off the ground. 1  Be Committed to Do-It-Yourself Tactics. 2  To start your business with no or little funding, you will need to think about all of the tasks that you can do without hiring others.f you have a great idea, but worry about your lack of capital, there are a number of ways to begin your start-up business with little or no costs to you.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Where can I start to learn on my own ?","How To / DIY Classes. Do It Yourself (DIY) Online Courses. Many of our courses at Universal Classâ„¢ will fit in multiple categories but we decided to create a very, very general category called the How To... category; how to do something, how to make something, how to find something, how to start something.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How can I teach myself to get started in snowboarding ?","As Kim is living next to the mountains she tries to teach herself to snowboard although she finds this difficult. Mikki (Ken Duken), seeing her struggle, helps her out and teaches her to snowboard. He notices that she has a natural talent. He persuades her to try out to win a snowboarding competition to win $25,000.",0,null,115,false,"94_6_CAR_89e66ce8a7802b449e8782da17934ec18ccd58b5","CAR_89e66ce8a7802b449e8782da17934ec18ccd58b5","94_6_MARCO_777796","MARCO_777796","94_6_MARCO_6445656","MARCO_6445656",null,"How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","CAR_8b9b01a73975b95387f6e0356a4d964ffd49e7b3","94_6_CAR_8b9b01a73975b95387f6e0356a4d964ffd49e7b3","As Kim is living next to the mountains she tries to teach herself to snowboard although she finds this difficult. Mikki (Ken Duken), seeing her struggle, helps her out and teaches her to snowboard. He notices that she has a natural talent. He persuades her to try out to win a snowboarding competition to win $25,000.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","94_6","How can I train myself to be a good snowboarder ?","A snowboard, and perhaps snowboard boots. You can get snowboards with buckles for normal shoes/boots, and you can get snowboards with click thingies, that you click snowboar â€¦ d boot into.   Answer:   You need a lot of equipment for snowboarding. Here is the equipment that is necessary: A snowboard, Snowboard boots, helmet (optional), goggles, gloves, and bindings. You need your equipment to be fitted properly or you can get badly hurt or not perform at your 110% top.",0,null,"How do you get started by yourself ?","Part 2. 1  1. Hire a lawyer. Though you can do all the legal work yourself, hiring a lawyer makes sure you are compliant with the law in every aspect. 2  2. Pick a business structure. Your business structure is how you legally file your business. 3  3. Get your employer identification number (EIN).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Where can I start to learn on my own ?","A great way to learn more about the massage arts is to talk with a massage therapist, and get a massage yourself. Ask plenty of questions about what the profession entails, and start thinking about what type of massage therapist you want to be. Do some research.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How can I teach myself to get started in snowboarding ?","A snowboard, and perhaps snowboard boots. You can get snowboards with buckles for normal shoes/boots, and you can get snowboards with click thingies, that you click snowboar â€¦ d boot into.   Answer:   You need a lot of equipment for snowboarding. Here is the equipment that is necessary: A snowboard, Snowboard boots, helmet (optional), goggles, gloves, and bindings. You need your equipment to be fitted properly or you can get badly hurt or not perform at your 110% top.",0,null,115,false,"94_6_MARCO_8730477","MARCO_8730477","94_6_MARCO_6839520","MARCO_6839520","94_6_MARCO_261718","MARCO_261718",null,"How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","MARCO_8730477","94_6_MARCO_8730477","A snowboard, and perhaps snowboard boots. You can get snowboards with buckles for normal shoes/boots, and you can get snowboards with click thingies, that you click snowboar â€¦ d boot into.   Answer:   You need a lot of equipment for snowboarding. Here is the equipment that is necessary: A snowboard, Snowboard boots, helmet (optional), goggles, gloves, and bindings. You need your equipment to be fitted properly or you can get badly hurt or not perform at your 110% top.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","94_7","What are the best slopes in Seattle for the first time ?","The Counterbalance (Seattle, Washington) USA / Washington / Seattle / Seattle, Washington World / USA / Washington / Seattle World / United States / Washington. Upload a photo. One of the steepest slopes in Seattle, and definetly the tallest, rising over 450 feet in a span of eight blocks.",0,null,"What are some good slopes around Seattle for first - timers ?","Puget Sound skiers and riders flock to the slopes during the winter months to enjoy breath-taking views of Mt. Rainier and to ride some of the best terrain in Washington State, only 2 hours away from Seattle in the heart of the Cascade Mountains.",1,"","What are the best beginner ski slopes around Seattle ?","Puget Sound skiers and riders flock to the slopes during the winter months to enjoy breath-taking views of Mt. Rainier and to ride some of the best terrain in Washington State, only 2 hours away from Seattle in the heart of the Cascade Mountains.",1,"","What are the best slopes in Seattle for snowboarding ?","Puget Sound skiers and riders flock to the slopes during the winter months to enjoy breath-taking views of Mt. Rainier and to ride some of the best terrain in Washington State, only 2 hours away from Seattle in the heart of the Cascade Mountains.",1,null,116,true,"94_7_MARCO_7757754","MARCO_7757754","94_7_MARCO_1328173","MARCO_1328173","94_7_MARCO_1328173","MARCO_1328173",null,"What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","MARCO_1328173","94_7_MARCO_1328173","Cascade Mountain offers 44 trails varying from beginner, intermediate, to advanced. Open to both skiers and snowboarders the runs break down to 38% beginner runs, 24% intermediate runs, and 38% advanced runs.\"The longest trail at Cascade Mountain is called \"Far Out\", a beginner cruiser trail that takes you past old growth forests, waterfalls, rock formations and more scenic terrain. It is 5,300 feet long, or just over a mile.\"",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","94_7","What are the best slopes in Seattle for the first time ?","Puget Sound skiers and riders flock to the slopes during the winter months to enjoy breath-taking views of Mt. Rainier and to ride some of the best terrain in Washington State, only 2 hours away from Seattle in the heart of the Cascade Mountains.",1,null,"What are some good slopes around Seattle for first - timers ?","The Counterbalance (Seattle, Washington) USA / Washington / Seattle / Seattle, Washington World / USA / Washington / Seattle World / United States / Washington. Upload a photo. One of the steepest slopes in Seattle, and definetly the tallest, rising over 450 feet in a span of eight blocks.",0,"","What are the best beginner ski slopes around Seattle ?","In 1983, Harbor Properties of Seattle purchased Ski Ashland from Hicks. Over the next four years, Harbor developed on-slope lighting, a vehicle shop, and the Sonnet and Comer chair lifts.",0,"","What are the best slopes in Seattle for snowboarding ?","The Summit at Snoqualmie, is a winter resort in the northwest United States, located on Snoqualmie Pass, Washington. It provides alpine skiing and snowboarding, Nordic skiing, and winter tubing. Owned by CNL Investment Properties, Inc. and managed by Boyne Resorts, it is  east of downtown Seattle on Interstate 90.",1,null,116,true,"94_7_MARCO_1328173","MARCO_1328173","94_7_MARCO_7757754","MARCO_7757754","94_7_CAR_9396c3f0ca132fb4a37e10e723761d49c2d37bb4","CAR_9396c3f0ca132fb4a37e10e723761d49c2d37bb4",null,"What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","CAR_26e1e54195f3946a5c9196ec1f8f62f0268c9032","94_7_CAR_26e1e54195f3946a5c9196ec1f8f62f0268c9032","Stevens Pass offers a variety of alpine ski runs ranging from beginner to advanced. Because there is no lodging at the base, Stevens is a day resort drawing heavily on skiers from the Seattle area.  Night skiing is offered until 10pm most days (except Tues and Weds) during mid-season.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","94_7","What are the best slopes in Seattle for the first time ?","While Queen Anne stands out in Seattle geography due to its proximity to downtown and three television broadcast towers, the highest point in the city,  above sea level, is in West Seattle.  Queen Anne slopes are home to seven of the twenty steepest streets in the city and 120 pedestrian staircases.",0,null,"What are some good slopes around Seattle for first - timers ?","While Queen Anne stands out in Seattle geography due to its proximity to downtown and three television broadcast towers, the highest point in the city,  above sea level, is in West Seattle.  Queen Anne slopes are home to seven of the twenty steepest streets in the city and 120 pedestrian staircases.",0,"","What are the best beginner ski slopes around Seattle ?","A number of ski schools also operate. There are many easy slopes around the Arthurhaus area which make Mühlbach a good place to go for beginners, as well as many km of intermediate slopes.Mühlbach is also part of the High King Mountain Ski Area.",0,"","What are the best slopes in Seattle for snowboarding ?","The SSWSC Snowboard program was selected as the top program in the country in 2006/07 and awarded the Snowboard Program of the Year. They have approximately 170 athletes, and a staff of 25 coaches. The program includes instruction in freestyle snowboarding, alpine snowboarding, and boardercross. This group trains at Howelsen Hill and Mt. Werner.",0,null,116,true,"94_7_CAR_f89f3721178ec53b43fbce9669c3060b988ed4e3","CAR_f89f3721178ec53b43fbce9669c3060b988ed4e3","94_7_CAR_f89f3721178ec53b43fbce9669c3060b988ed4e3","CAR_f89f3721178ec53b43fbce9669c3060b988ed4e3","94_7_CAR_40e7457ad53ffa7cb42f582c062e0d74fdc8a89d","CAR_40e7457ad53ffa7cb42f582c062e0d74fdc8a89d",null,"What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","CAR_307bfc8c617d547eaf2d5b0efe6e8e069c7e071c","94_7_CAR_307bfc8c617d547eaf2d5b0efe6e8e069c7e071c","Puget Sound skiers and riders flock to the slopes during the winter months to enjoy breath-taking views of Mt. Rainier and to ride some of the best terrain in Washington State, only 2 hours away from Seattle in the heart of the Cascade Mountains.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","94_8","What can I do at Bachelor besides snowboarding ?","Mt Bachelor offers lift accessed skiing and snowboarding 9-4 7 days a week from mid November to the end of may. On nice weather days Mt Bachelor offers Skiing 360 degrees off the summit of the mountain. Bachelor holds some of the driest snow relative to the Cascade's. The mountains wide variety of elevation and aspect allows skiers and snowboarders to find good snow nearly every day of the season. Many avid skiers and snowboarders can access a buldge on the north side of the mountain referred to as 'the cone' by hiking before, during and after the resorts typical hours of operation.",2,null,"Besides snowboarding , what are some other unrelated cool things to do on Bachelor ?","Winter recreation is just up the road at Mt. Bachelor where skiers and snowboarders can experience some of the best powder in the state. If you are not fond of the lifts, there are miles of groomed Nordic trails and tons of snowy back-country areas to explore.",2,"","What are some more fun things to do at Bachelor besides snowboarding ?","Winter recreation is just up the road at Mt. Bachelor where skiers and snowboarders can experience some of the best powder in the state. If you are not fond of the lifts, there are miles of groomed Nordic trails and tons of snowy back-country areas to explore.",2,"","What are other things to do at Bachelor besides snowboarding ?","In recent years, Mount Bachelor has made sweeping efforts to attract freestyle skiers and snowboarders.  A  super pipe is among the best on the continent, and hosted the 2006 USSA Olympic Qualifier.  The resort's Bachelor Parks terrain park encompasses 3 parks, is nearly a mile (1.5 km) long, descending 850 vertical feet (260 m) and featuring a number of jumps, rails, boxes, and jibs for freestyle riders.  Other parks include \"Slopestyle Arena\", and \"Sunshine Park\" for beginners.",2,null,117,false,"94_8_CAR_0fee9121055bf994f0d6dfe97ccdfc52b95904d9","CAR_0fee9121055bf994f0d6dfe97ccdfc52b95904d9","94_8_MARCO_2647748","MARCO_2647748","94_8_MARCO_2647748","MARCO_2647748",null,"What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","CAR_a8014538b9238e81a5f410a92e542cdc4a900d51","94_8_CAR_a8014538b9238e81a5f410a92e542cdc4a900d51","Mount Bachelor also has a cross country skiing area with 12 groomed trails covering 35 miles (56 km) and 850 feet (260 m) of vertical.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","94_8","What can I do at Bachelor besides snowboarding ?","Winter recreation is just up the road at Mt. Bachelor where skiers and snowboarders can experience some of the best powder in the state. If you are not fond of the lifts, there are miles of groomed Nordic trails and tons of snowy back-country areas to explore.",2,null,"Besides snowboarding , what are some other unrelated cool things to do on Bachelor ?","In recent years, Mount Bachelor has made sweeping efforts to attract freestyle skiers and snowboarders.  A  super pipe is among the best on the continent, and hosted the 2006 USSA Olympic Qualifier.  The resort's Bachelor Parks terrain park encompasses 3 parks, is nearly a mile (1.5 km) long, descending 850 vertical feet (260 m) and featuring a number of jumps, rails, boxes, and jibs for freestyle riders.  Other parks include \"Slopestyle Arena\", and \"Sunshine Park\" for beginners.",2,"","What are some more fun things to do at Bachelor besides snowboarding ?","In recent years, Mount Bachelor has made sweeping efforts to attract freestyle skiers and snowboarders.  A  super pipe is among the best on the continent, and hosted the 2006 USSA Olympic Qualifier.  The resort's Bachelor Parks terrain park encompasses 3 parks, is nearly a mile (1.5 km) long, descending 850 vertical feet (260 m) and featuring a number of jumps, rails, boxes, and jibs for freestyle riders.  Other parks include \"Slopestyle Arena\", and \"Sunshine Park\" for beginners.",2,"","What are other things to do at Bachelor besides snowboarding ?","Mt Bachelor offers lift accessed skiing and snowboarding 9-4 7 days a week from mid November to the end of may. On nice weather days Mt Bachelor offers Skiing 360 degrees off the summit of the mountain. Bachelor holds some of the driest snow relative to the Cascade's. The mountains wide variety of elevation and aspect allows skiers and snowboarders to find good snow nearly every day of the season. Many avid skiers and snowboarders can access a buldge on the north side of the mountain referred to as 'the cone' by hiking before, during and after the resorts typical hours of operation.",2,null,117,false,"94_8_MARCO_2647748","MARCO_2647748","94_8_CAR_a8014538b9238e81a5f410a92e542cdc4a900d51","CAR_a8014538b9238e81a5f410a92e542cdc4a900d51","94_8_CAR_a8014538b9238e81a5f410a92e542cdc4a900d51","CAR_a8014538b9238e81a5f410a92e542cdc4a900d51",null,"What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","CAR_0fee9121055bf994f0d6dfe97ccdfc52b95904d9","94_8_CAR_0fee9121055bf994f0d6dfe97ccdfc52b95904d9","Mount Bachelor has outlined in its master plan that it intends to replace its Sunrise Express to a high-speed six-pack, along with replacing its Rainbow triple chairlift with a high-speed quad. In addition, the ski area plans to expand its downhill mountain bike terrain and install a zip-line.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","94_8","What can I do at Bachelor besides snowboarding ?","When Risto is not snowboarding he usually spends time in Helsinki with his friends. He likes Finnish candies, good food, ketchup and movies. His hobbies besides snowboarding are skateboarding, breakdance and tennis.",0,null,"Besides snowboarding , what are some other unrelated cool things to do on Bachelor ?","Mt Bachelor offers lift accessed skiing and snowboarding 9-4 7 days a week from mid November to the end of may. On nice weather days Mt Bachelor offers Skiing 360 degrees off the summit of the mountain. Bachelor holds some of the driest snow relative to the Cascade's. The mountains wide variety of elevation and aspect allows skiers and snowboarders to find good snow nearly every day of the season. Many avid skiers and snowboarders can access a buldge on the north side of the mountain referred to as 'the cone' by hiking before, during and after the resorts typical hours of operation.",2,"","What are some more fun things to do at Bachelor besides snowboarding ?","Mt Bachelor offers lift accessed skiing and snowboarding 9-4 7 days a week from mid November to the end of may. On nice weather days Mt Bachelor offers Skiing 360 degrees off the summit of the mountain. Bachelor holds some of the driest snow relative to the Cascade's. The mountains wide variety of elevation and aspect allows skiers and snowboarders to find good snow nearly every day of the season. Many avid skiers and snowboarders can access a buldge on the north side of the mountain referred to as 'the cone' by hiking before, during and after the resorts typical hours of operation.",2,"","What are other things to do at Bachelor besides snowboarding ?","Winter recreation is just up the road at Mt. Bachelor where skiers and snowboarders can experience some of the best powder in the state. If you are not fond of the lifts, there are miles of groomed Nordic trails and tons of snowy back-country areas to explore.",2,null,117,false,"94_8_CAR_54808c6715dece6f072af213675b5173ab5c2e6d","CAR_54808c6715dece6f072af213675b5173ab5c2e6d","94_8_CAR_0fee9121055bf994f0d6dfe97ccdfc52b95904d9","CAR_0fee9121055bf994f0d6dfe97ccdfc52b95904d9","94_8_CAR_0fee9121055bf994f0d6dfe97ccdfc52b95904d9","CAR_0fee9121055bf994f0d6dfe97ccdfc52b95904d9",null,"What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","MARCO_2647748","94_8_MARCO_2647748","Mount Bachelor ski resort  is a ski resort located in central Oregon, approximately  west of Bend, along the Century Drive Highway. The ski runs are on the northern face of Mount Bachelor, a stratovolcano built atop a volcanic shield in the Cascade Range. Since 2001, the ski area has been owned by Powdr Corporation of Park City, Utah. It is the largest ski resort (by area) by more than  in Oregon, the second largest single-mountain ski resort in the U.S., behind Vail, and the sixth largest of all ski resorts in the nation.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How are waste and garbage processed?","95_1","Where does trash go ?","The trash folder is located at .local/share/Trash in your home directory. Additionally, on other disk partitions or on removable media it will be a directory .Trash-uid where uid is the uid of the user who moved the item to the trash.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you describe the waste management process ?","Waste management is collection, transportation, and disposal of garbage, sewage and other waste products. Waste management is the process of treating solid wastes and offers variety of solutions for recycling items that donâ€™t belong to trash. It is about how garbage can be used as a valuable resource. Waste management is something that each and every household and business owner in the world needs.",0,"","How does waste get treated ?","An established post-treatment system is classification processing. In this system, the waste streams are separated into different types of waste materials. The types of waste materials are classified into recyclable materials, hazardous materials, organic materials, inorganic materials. Generally, waste materials are separated using mechanical separation and manual separation. Mechanical separations are used for separating metals and other materials that may be harmful to the environment, and also to prepare the waste stream for manual separations. Manual separation have two types of sorting which are positive sorting and negative sorting. Positive sorting collects reusable waste such as recyclable and organic materials while negative sorting collects unusable waste such as hazardous and inorganic materials. After this separation process, the recyclable materials are transferred for reuse. The organic wastes are often treated using chemical processes (e.g. combustion, pyrolysis etc.) or biological treatment (microbial decomposition). The products obtained from these waste organic materials are in the form of Refuse-Derived Fuel. RDF can be used in many ways to generate electricity or even used alongside with traditional sources of fuel in coal power plants. The rest of the hazardous and unwanted inorganic wastes are transferred to landfill to be disposed. These post-treatment processes are crucial to sustain the environment.",3,"","How are waste and garbage processed ?","Waste management facilities may be responsible for processing garbage. Nuclear plants produce radioactive waste, which must be stored and disposed of. Municipal water treatment plants pipe in millions of gallons of wastewater a day, decontaminate it, and release it into the environment or recycle it. Trash collection is a part of waste management.",2,null,118,true,"95_1_MARCO_4887303","MARCO_4887303","95_1_MARCO_1491439","MARCO_1491439","95_1_CAR_de3c096dda497dda23988d9642a69acdddf3c4f2","CAR_de3c096dda497dda23988d9642a69acdddf3c4f2",null,"How are waste and garbage processed?","MARCO_6099266","95_1_MARCO_6099266","Waste management facilities may be responsible for processing garbage. Nuclear plants produce radioactive waste, which must be stored and disposed of. Municipal water treatment plants pipe in millions of gallons of wastewater a day, decontaminate it, and release it into the environment or recycle it. Trash collection is a part of waste management.",2,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["How are waste and garbage processed?","95_1","Where does trash go ?","The trash folder is found at: /home/$USER/.local/share/Trash. To see .local in your home folder using the file manager, go to View -> Show Hidden Files or just type: Ctrl+H. If you deleted something as root (e.g. deleted a file using Nautilus invoked via gksu), it is at: /root/.local/share/Trash. A Trash folder is first created when a user deletes a file.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you describe the waste management process ?","Waste management is that solution, a rather complex issue that encompasses more than 20 different industries. Waste management is collection, transportation, and disposal of garbage, sewage and other waste products. Waste management is the process of treating solid wastes and offers variety of solutions for recycling items that donâ€™t belong to trash. It is about how garbage can be used as a valuable resource. Waste management is something that each and every household and business owner in the world needs.",0,"","How does waste get treated ?","In land treatment (also known as land spreading), the processes are similar to those in land farming, where natural soil processes are used to biodegrade the organic constituents in the waste. However, in land treatment, a one-time application of the waste is made to a parcel of land. The objective is to dispose of the waste in a manner that preserves the subsoil's chemical, biological, and physical properties by limiting the accumulation of contaminants and protecting the quality of surface and groundwater. The land spreading area is determined on the basis of a calculated loading rate that considers the absolute salt concentration, hydrocarbon concentration, metals concentration, and pH level after mixing with the soil. The drilling waste is spread on the land and incorporated into the upper soil zone (typically upper 6–8 inches of soil) to enhance hydrocarbon volatization and biodegradation. The land is managed so that the soil system can degrade, transport, and assimilate the waste constituents. Each land treatment site is generally used only once.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How are waste and garbage processed ?","ECOHISPÁNICA has developed and built a MSW Treatment Plant based on a very special autoclaves system called \"Waste Cleaner\". It is the first system able to process Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in continuous mode. The Plant is able to process up to 40.000 tons per year without previous selection, and the system has been internationally patented by ECOHISPÁNICA. The process just applies water steam, pressure, temperature, and some internal movement... In about 20 minutes, the main part of the garbage (organic matter), is converted into a kind of biomass, very clean, that you can touch with your hands, storable, and valid for composting, for gassification, or power generation (the calorific power is about 3.500 kcal/kg). The rest of materials like plastic or metals, are very easy to select once garbage has been processed into the Waste Cleaner. The advantages of this technology are really impressive: It makes possible the goal of zero landfill, the volume of the garbage is reduced more than 80%, the operational costs are significantly reduced, no emissions,the employees work in very clean conditions, it increases a lot the efficiency in respect to other technologies,and is very fast (20 minutes are enough). The Plant of ECOHISPÁNICA is in the city of Rivas Vaciamadrid (Madrid), one of the most  prestigious cities in Spain in environment and new technologies. Visits from more than 80 countries have been received in the Plant in the last 2 years. ECOHISPÁNICA is releasing the Waste Cleaner to the world market, and installation of Plants in China, USA, Argentina, Chile, Israel, Brazil, Ghana and Spain is programmed for 2016 and 2017.",4,null,118,true,"95_1_MARCO_4887307","MARCO_4887307","95_1_MARCO_7104903","MARCO_7104903","95_1_CAR_1225770705b98d1c52c4823f8108afa90d720eff","CAR_1225770705b98d1c52c4823f8108afa90d720eff",null,"How are waste and garbage processed?","CAR_810c56cc102622313b5a0eb1c5c20586c0344ec6","95_1_CAR_810c56cc102622313b5a0eb1c5c20586c0344ec6","Waste-to-Energy Plants. Garbage and waste from landfills can be used as an energy source. About half of the waste in our landfills contains organic biomass matter that can be converted to energy. This content is sometimes called biogenic matter.",4,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["How are waste and garbage processed?","95_1","Where does trash go ?","If there was only one giant landfill, haulers would only have to go to one place to drop off all of their trash. If you keep filling up this landfill for 100 years, and if you assume that during this time the populations of the United States doubles, then the landfill will cover about 160,000 acres, or 250 or so square miles, with trash 400 feet deep.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you describe the waste management process ?","Waste management is collection, transportation, and disposal of garbage, sewage and other waste products. Waste management is the process of treating solid wastes and offers variety of solutions for recycling items that donâ€™t belong to trash.",0,"","How does waste get treated ?","Solid waste or municipal solid waste can be treated, sanitized and separated under steam in a pressure vessel (waste autoclave). Following the processing under steam and removal of toxic materials via condensate filtering, usable recyclables are immediately extracted for reuse (plastics, ferrous metals, aluminum, glass, wood, etc.).",3,"","How are waste and garbage processed ?","Waste-to-Energy Plants. Garbage and waste from landfills can be used as an energy source. About half of the waste in our landfills contains organic biomass matter that can be converted to energy. This content is sometimes called biogenic matter.",0,null,118,true,"95_1_MARCO_8182811","MARCO_8182811","95_1_MARCO_8033009","MARCO_8033009","95_1_CAR_4a82fa7b7d50c0415306522a0860e2f2ee54072e","CAR_4a82fa7b7d50c0415306522a0860e2f2ee54072e",null,"How are waste and garbage processed?","MARCO_7607554","95_1_MARCO_7607554","ECOHISPÁNICA has developed and built a MSW Treatment Plant based on a very special autoclaves system called \"Waste Cleaner\". It is the first system able to process Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in continuous mode. The Plant is able to process up to 40.000 tons per year without previous selection, and the system has been internationally patented by ECOHISPÁNICA. The process just applies water steam, pressure, temperature, and some internal movement... In about 20 minutes, the main part of the garbage (organic matter), is converted into a kind of biomass, very clean, that you can touch with your hands, storable, and valid for composting, for gassification, or power generation (the calorific power is about 3.500 kcal/kg). The rest of materials like plastic or metals, are very easy to select once garbage has been processed into the Waste Cleaner. The advantages of this technology are really impressive: It makes possible the goal of zero landfill, the volume of the garbage is reduced more than 80%, the operational costs are significantly reduced, no emissions,the employees work in very clean conditions, it increases a lot the efficiency in respect to other technologies,and is very fast (20 minutes are enough). The Plant of ECOHISPÁNICA is in the city of Rivas Vaciamadrid (Madrid), one of the most  prestigious cities in Spain in environment and new technologies. Visits from more than 80 countries have been received in the Plant in the last 2 years. ECOHISPÁNICA is releasing the Waste Cleaner to the world market, and installation of Plants in China, USA, Argentina, Chile, Israel, Brazil, Ghana and Spain is programmed for 2016 and 2017.",0,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","95_2","What are the negative impacts of burning on the environment ?","Broadcast burning alters the biota of a landscape. The immediate effect of a forest fire is a decrease in diversity. This negative impact associated with broadcast burning, however, is only temporary. Cycles of burning will allow the landscape to gradually increase in diversity. The time required for this change is dependent on the intensity, frequency, timing, and size of the controlled burns. After a few cycles, however, diversity increases. The adaptation to fire has shaped many of Earth's landscapes.",0,null,"What is the environmental impact of burning ?","Environmental Effects. Prescribed burning has direct and indirect effects on the environment. Proper use of prescribed fire, and evaluation of the benefits and costs of a burn require knowledge of how fire affects vegetation, wildlife, soil, water, and air and in turn how these impact humans especially in population centers. Burning techniques and timing of burns can be varied to alter fire effects.",3,"","What are the environmental effects of burning ?","Environmental Effects. Prescribed burning has direct and indirect effects on the environment. Proper use of prescribed fire, and evaluation of the benefits and costs of a burn require knowledge of how fire affects vegetation, wildlife, soil, water, and air and in turn how these impact humans especially in population centers. Burning techniques and timing of burns can be varied to alter fire effects.",3,"","What is the impact of burning on the environment ?","Environmental Effects. Prescribed burning has direct and indirect effects on the environment. Proper use of prescribed fire, and evaluation of the benefits and costs of a burn require knowledge of how fire affects vegetation, wildlife, soil, water, and air and in turn how these impact humans especially in population centers. Burning techniques and timing of burns can be varied to alter fire effects.",3,null,119,false,"95_2_CAR_beab52f16810dd88e1a771f14e7ba70deef28cb3","CAR_beab52f16810dd88e1a771f14e7ba70deef28cb3","95_2_MARCO_5535210","MARCO_5535210","95_2_MARCO_5535210","MARCO_5535210",null,"Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","MARCO_5535210","95_2_MARCO_5535210","Experience has now shown that there is no completely safe method of waste disposal. All forms of disposal have negative impacts on the environment, public health, and local economies. Landfills have contaminated drinking water. Garbage burned in incinerators has poisoned air, soil, and water. The majority of water treatment systems change the local ecology. Attempts to control or manage wastes after they are produced fail to eliminate environmental impacts.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","95_2","What are the negative impacts of burning on the environment ?","The environmental impact of burning wood fuel is debatable. Several cities have moved towards setting standards of use and/or bans of wood burning fireplaces. For example, the city of Montréal, Québec passed a resolution to ban wood fireplace installation in new construction.  However many wood burning advocates claim that properly harvested wood is carbon-neutral, therefore off-setting the negative impact of by-product particles given off during the burning process. In the context of forest wildfires, wood removed from the forest setting for use as wood fuel can reduce overall emissions by decreasing the quantity of open burned wood and the severity of the burn while combusting the remaining material under regulated conditions.",0,null,"What is the environmental impact of burning ?","The environmental impact of coal mining and -burning is diverse. Legislation passed by the US Congress in 1990 required the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to issue a plan to alleviate toxic air pollution from coal-fired power plants. After delay and litigation, the EPA now has a court-imposed deadline of March 16, 2011, to issue its report.",0,"","What are the environmental effects of burning ?","The environmental impact of coal mining and -burning is diverse. Legislation passed by the US Congress in 1990 required the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to issue a plan to alleviate toxic air pollution from coal-fired power plants. After delay and litigation, the EPA now has a court-imposed deadline of March 16, 2011, to issue its report.",0,"","What is the impact of burning on the environment ?","Prescribed burning has direct and indirect effects on the environment. Proper use of prescribed fire, and evaluation of the benefits and costs of a burn require knowledge of how fire affects vegetation, wildlife, soil, water, and air. Burning techniques and timing of burns can be varied to alter fire effects.",3,null,119,false,"95_2_CAR_af5173a4b5ded87e3d10da38b2c6c5a610bc78af","CAR_af5173a4b5ded87e3d10da38b2c6c5a610bc78af","95_2_CAR_dd1279581349adca301896669300bfda6cfeddc9","CAR_dd1279581349adca301896669300bfda6cfeddc9","95_2_CAR_dd1279581349adca301896669300bfda6cfeddc9","CAR_dd1279581349adca301896669300bfda6cfeddc9",null,"Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","MARCO_2214780","95_2_MARCO_2214780","Burning household waste is a serious threat to public health and the environment. Toxic chemicals, including dioxins, are produced when household waste is burned. One household burn barrel emits more dioxin than a municipal waste incinerator serving thousands of homes.Burning of debris can cause another problem ...urning household waste is a serious threat to public health and the environment. Toxic chemicals, including dioxins, are produced when household waste is burned. One household burn barrel emits more dioxin than a municipal waste incinerator serving thousands of homes. Burning of debris can cause another problem ...",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","95_2","What are the negative impacts of burning on the environment ?","Emissions of many air pollutants have been shown to have variety of negative effects on public health and the natural environment. Hydrocarbons - A class of burned or partially burned fuel, hydrocarbons are toxins. Hydrocarbons are a major contributor to smog, which can be a major problem in urban areas.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What is the environmental impact of burning ?","The environmental impact of burning wood fuel is debatable. Several cities have moved towards setting standards of use and/or bans of wood burning fireplaces. For example, the city of Montréal, Québec passed a resolution to ban wood fireplace installation in new construction.  However many wood burning advocates claim that properly harvested wood is carbon-neutral, therefore off-setting the negative impact of by-product particles given off during the burning process. In the context of forest wildfires, wood removed from the forest setting for use as wood fuel can reduce overall emissions by decreasing the quantity of open burned wood and the severity of the burn while combusting the remaining material under regulated conditions.",0,"","What are the environmental effects of burning ?","Carbon emissions from burning coal are one of the leading causes of global warming. Acid rain, from sulfur emissions, is almost entirely due to coal burning. From mining to processing to transportation to burning to disposal, coal has more environmental impacts than any other energy source. While some of these can be lessened with effort, others, like carbon emissions, are an inevitable product of coal use. Its time to send our dirty old King into retirement.",0,"","What is the impact of burning on the environment ?","Since fires produce carbon dioxide, a major greenhouse gas, biomass burning emissions significantly influence the Earth's atmosphere and climate. Biomass burning has both short-and long-term impacts on the environment. Vegetation acts as a sinka natural storage areafor carbon dioxide by storing it over time through the process of photosynthesis.",3,null,119,false,"95_2_MARCO_1598262","MARCO_1598262","95_2_CAR_af5173a4b5ded87e3d10da38b2c6c5a610bc78af","CAR_af5173a4b5ded87e3d10da38b2c6c5a610bc78af","95_2_MARCO_7926462","MARCO_7926462",null,"Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","MARCO_1668983","95_2_MARCO_1668983","Garbage causes damage to local ecosystems, and it is a threat to plant and animal life. Garbage is also a source of food for many animals. A significant amount of garbage is dumped into the oceans. Most garbage ends up in landfills. These landfills are designed to stop the leaking of material into the rest of the environment to avoid contaminating water supplies. While they are being filled, landfills serve as a popular dining location for birds and other animals, but some of what they eat can cause diseases.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","95_3","Is n't compacting a good solution ? Why does it reduce biodegradation ?","Waste compaction is the process of compacting waste, reducing it in size. Garbage compactors and waste collection vehicles compress waste so that more of it can be stored in the same space. Waste is compacted again, more thoroughly, at the landfill to conserve valuable airspace and to extend the landfill's life span. A side effect of this is that important items, like evidence in a crime, may be difficult to recover from the garbage. Due to reduced oxygenation, biodegradation of organic waste is also slowed.",4,null,"How does compacting affect decomposition in the waste management process ?","Waste compaction is the process of compacting waste, reducing it in size. Garbage compactors and waste collection vehicles compress waste so that more of it can be stored in the same space. Waste is compacted again, more thoroughly, at the landfill to conserve valuable airspace and to extend the landfill's life span. A side effect of this is that important items, like evidence in a crime, may be difficult to recover from the garbage. Due to reduced oxygenation, biodegradation of organic waste is also slowed.",4,"","If waste can be compacted , why is burning bad for biodegradation ?","Waste compaction is the process of compacting waste, reducing it in size. Garbage compactors and waste collection vehicles compress waste so that more of it can be stored in the same space. Waste is compacted again, more thoroughly, at the landfill to conserve valuable airspace and to extend the landfill's life span. A side effect of this is that important items, like evidence in a crime, may be difficult to recover from the garbage. Due to reduced oxygenation, biodegradation of organic waste is also slowed.",4,"","So you can compact them ; why does compacting slow the waste processing ?","Waste compaction is the process of compacting waste, reducing it in size. Garbage compactors and waste collection vehicles compress waste so that more of it can be stored in the same space. Waste is compacted again, more thoroughly, at the landfill to conserve valuable airspace and to extend the landfill's life span. A side effect of this is that important items, like evidence in a crime, may be difficult to recover from the garbage. Due to reduced oxygenation, biodegradation of organic waste is also slowed.",4,null,120,true,"95_3_CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8","CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8","95_3_CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8","CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8","95_3_CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8","CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8",null,"Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8","95_3_CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8","Waste compaction is the process of compacting waste, reducing it in size. Garbage compactors and waste collection vehicles compress waste so that more of it can be stored in the same space. Waste is compacted again, more thoroughly, at the landfill to conserve valuable airspace and to extend the landfill's life span. A side effect of this is that important items, like evidence in a crime, may be difficult to recover from the garbage. Due to reduced oxygenation, biodegradation of organic waste is also slowed.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","95_3","Is n't compacting a good solution ? Why does it reduce biodegradation ?","Soil biodiversity is also influenced by reduced soil aeration. Severe soil compaction may cause reduced microbial biomass. Soil compaction may not influence the quantity, but the distribution of macro fauna that is vital for soil structure including earthworms due to reduction in large pores.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"How does compacting affect decomposition in the waste management process ?","A landfill compaction vehicle has two main functions: to spread the waste evenly in layers over the landfill, and to compact waste to reduce its volume and help stabilize the landfill. Proper waste compacting includes the process of using a steel wheeled/drum landfill compactor to shred, tear and press together various items in the waste stream so they consume a minimal volume of landfill airspace. The higher the compaction rate, the more trash the landfill can receive and store. This will also reduce landslides, cave-ins and minimize the risk of explosions of landfill gas (see landfill gas migration).",4,"","If waste can be compacted , why is burning bad for biodegradation ?","Burning of waste is internationally unacceptable because it emits gases that contain toxins such as ammonia and hydrogen sulphate. The accumulation of waste in the site is creating an unbearable stench that is carried in the wind and affecting Bedouin communities living nearby. Also, there is a risk of Methane exploding since the site is poorly managed; there are many concerns that the severe environmental risks are endangering human lives in the region.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"So you can compact them ; why does compacting slow the waste processing ?","A landfill compaction vehicle has two main functions: to spread the waste evenly in layers over the landfill, and to compact waste to reduce its volume and help stabilize the landfill. Proper waste compacting includes the process of using a steel wheeled/drum landfill compactor to shred, tear and press together various items in the waste stream so they consume a minimal volume of landfill airspace. The higher the compaction rate, the more trash the landfill can receive and store. This will also reduce landslides, cave-ins and minimize the risk of explosions of landfill gas (see landfill gas migration).",4,null,120,true,"95_3_CAR_ccb84baea94cb6433d3e65fadeec8b7e0cbe098d","CAR_ccb84baea94cb6433d3e65fadeec8b7e0cbe098d","95_3_CAR_801459d2dba4fdfa7be76c211210166faa721f9e","CAR_801459d2dba4fdfa7be76c211210166faa721f9e","95_3_CAR_00b322c8de017329dc3fc78e1924c59d7681731e","CAR_00b322c8de017329dc3fc78e1924c59d7681731e",null,"Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","CAR_801459d2dba4fdfa7be76c211210166faa721f9e","95_3_CAR_801459d2dba4fdfa7be76c211210166faa721f9e","A landfill compaction vehicle has two main functions: to spread the waste evenly in layers over the landfill, and to compact waste to reduce its volume and help stabilize the landfill. Proper waste compacting includes the process of using a steel wheeled/drum landfill compactor to shred, tear and press together various items in the waste stream so they consume a minimal volume of landfill airspace. The higher the compaction rate, the more trash the landfill can receive and store. This will also reduce landslides, cave-ins and minimize the risk of explosions of landfill gas (see landfill gas migration).",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","95_3","Is n't compacting a good solution ? Why does it reduce biodegradation ?","Incineration and compaction have traditionally been treatment options and still compete with newer technologies by virtue of having a proven track record.  These solutions are widely recognized as obsolete due to their impact on the biosphere; while compaction has nearly no effect on the long-term goal of reducing waste dumping, incineration had been notorious for polluting the atmosphere.  While incineration is popular for its ability to recover energy from waste, it has been widely debated and regulated in order to preserve clean air.  One solution that had been instituted to update incineration technology is to add converter stations into the supply chain of clean-burning RDF, of refuse-derived fuel.  This, along with advanced filtering and condensation scrubbers was able to render energy recovery from waste a feasible and eco-friendly solution.",1,null,"How does compacting affect decomposition in the waste management process ?","One method of leachate management that was more common in uncontained sites was leachate re-circulation, in which leachate was collected and re-injected into the waste mass. This process greatly accelerated decomposition and therefore gas production and had the impact of converting some leachate volume into landfill gas and reducing the overall volume of leachate for disposal. However, it also tended to increase substantially the concentrations of contaminant materials, making it a more difficult waste to treat.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"If waste can be compacted , why is burning bad for biodegradation ?","Most farmers are aware however, that when agricultural waste and dung are not used for energy, they are important elements to maintaining soil fertility. One of the most efficient ways to utilize crop waste and dung for domestic energy is to produce briquettes. The process of compacting the material into a donut shape creates more efficient combustion which contributes to reduced emission levels. A simple device allows for this process and it can be done locally.",0,"","So you can compact them ; why does compacting slow the waste processing ?","Pre-landfill waste compaction is often beneficial, both for people disposing of waste and the company collecting it. This is because waste collection companies frequently charge by volume or require use of standard-volume containers, and compaction allows more waste to fit in the same space. Trash compactors are available for both residential and commercial use. Compacting garbage after it is collected allows more waste to fit inside the collection vehicle, meaning fewer trips to a dump or transfer station are required. The collection company also incurs lower landfill fees, if the landfill charges by volume 1.",1,null,120,true,"95_3_CAR_7476297dc34bb2629a3e436bca310a792d133640","CAR_7476297dc34bb2629a3e436bca310a792d133640","95_3_CAR_4f1d92f351ce6ac1c6e6df08c7c2a8ea3e0dea05","CAR_4f1d92f351ce6ac1c6e6df08c7c2a8ea3e0dea05","95_3_CAR_6836bc3dbbef435111654e69a0eb857258cf7eea","CAR_6836bc3dbbef435111654e69a0eb857258cf7eea",null,"Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","CAR_65c3a0a69d1d4b9735d0294ff5ec87f8d1be4e17","95_3_CAR_65c3a0a69d1d4b9735d0294ff5ec87f8d1be4e17","Pre-landfill waste compaction is often beneficial, both for people disposing of waste and the company collecting it. This is because waste collection companies frequently charge by volume or require use of standard-volume containers, and compaction allows more waste to fit in the same space. Trash compactors are available for both residential and commercial use. Compacting garbage after it is collected allows more waste to fit inside the collection vehicle, meaning fewer trips to a dump or transfer station are required. The collection company also incurs lower landfill fees, if the landfill charges by volume 1.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How is sewage recycled?","95_4","What is sewage recycling ?","What is recycled water? Recycled water is wastewater that has been purified so it can be used again for new purposes. We treat wastewater from our sewage treatment plants to produce high quality recycled water that is suitable for a range of non-drinking purposes.",1,null,"How can we recycle sewage ?","Most greywater is easier to treat and recycle than blackwater (sewage), because of lower levels of contaminants. If collected using a separate plumbing system from blackwater, domestic greywater can be recycled directly within the home, garden or company and used either immediately or processed and stored. If stored, it must be used within a very short time or it will begin to putrefy due to the organic solids in the water. Recycled greywater of this kind is never safe to drink, but a number of treatment steps can be used to provide water for washing or flushing toilets.",1,"","How does sewage waste get recycled ?","In virtually all engineered onsite sewage facilities, recycling and decomposition by natural organisms is still the primary mechanism of sewage disposal. Giving the organisms the time they need to decompose wastes is accomplished by establishing minimum sewage retention and settling times, and minimum liquid flow distances between sewage disposal sites and surface water or water wells.",0,"","How is sewage recycled ?","As of 2010, Israel leads the world in the proportion of water it recycles. Israel treats 80% of its sewage (400 billion liters a year), and 100% of the sewage from the Tel Aviv metropolitan area is treated and reused as irrigation water for agriculture and public works. The remaining sludge is currently pumped into the Mediterranean, however a new bill has passed stating a conversion to treating the sludge to be used as manure.Only 20% of the treated water is lost (due to evaporation, leaks, overflows and seeping). The recycled water allows farmers to plan ahead and not be limited by water shortages.There are many levels of treatment, and many different ways of treating the water—which leads to a big difference in the quality of the end product. The best quality of reclaimed sewage water comes from adding a gravitational filtering step, after the chemical and biological cleansing. This method uses small ponds in which the water seeps through the sand into the aquifer in about 400 days, then is pumped out as clear purified water. This is nearly the same process used in the space station water recycling system, which turns urine and feces into purified drinking water, oxygen and manure.",3,null,121,false,"95_4_MARCO_707049","MARCO_707049","95_4_CAR_0ae050d85dab31121c79b6d43e1b3943d7c5f88c","CAR_0ae050d85dab31121c79b6d43e1b3943d7c5f88c","95_4_CAR_67428349f2244bd5fa84e04677ac730463fd1a45","CAR_67428349f2244bd5fa84e04677ac730463fd1a45",null,"How is sewage recycled?","CAR_355e86f3c81a0bb0838d77ffba07de6bd02a7155","95_4_CAR_355e86f3c81a0bb0838d77ffba07de6bd02a7155","As of 2010, Israel leads the world in the proportion of water it recycles. Israel treats 80% of its sewage (400 billion liters a year), and 100% of the sewage from the Tel Aviv metropolitan area is treated and reused as irrigation water for agriculture and public works. The remaining sludge is currently pumped into the Mediterranean, however a new bill has passed stating a conversion to treating the sludge to be used as manure.Only 20% of the treated water is lost (due to evaporation, leaks, overflows and seeping). The recycled water allows farmers to plan ahead and not be limited by water shortages.There are many levels of treatment, and many different ways of treating the water—which leads to a big difference in the quality of the end product. The best quality of reclaimed sewage water comes from adding a gravitational filtering step, after the chemical and biological cleansing. This method uses small ponds in which the water seeps through the sand into the aquifer in about 400 days, then is pumped out as clear purified water. This is nearly the same process used in the space station water recycling system, which turns urine and feces into purified drinking water, oxygen and manure.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How is sewage recycled?","95_4","What is sewage recycling ?","Water recycling is the process of taking effluent (wastewater and sewage) and treating it so that it can be reused. For potable (drinkable) use, the recycled water has to be treated to a sufficiently high level that it's suitable for human consumption.",1,null,"How can we recycle sewage ?","As of 2010, Israel leads the world in the proportion of water it recycles. Israel treats 80% of its sewage (400 billion liters a year), and 100% of the sewage from the Tel Aviv metropolitan area is treated and reused as irrigation water for agriculture and public works. The remaining sludge is currently pumped into the Mediterranean, however a new bill has passed stating a conversion to treating the sludge to be used as manure.Only 20% of the treated water is lost (due to evaporation, leaks, overflows and seeping). The recycled water allows farmers to plan ahead and not be limited by water shortages.There are many levels of treatment, and many different ways of treating the water—which leads to a big difference in the quality of the end product. The best quality of reclaimed sewage water comes from adding a gravitational filtering step, after the chemical and biological cleansing. This method uses small ponds in which the water seeps through the sand into the aquifer in about 400 days, then is pumped out as clear purified water. This is nearly the same process used in the space station water recycling system, which turns urine and feces into purified drinking water, oxygen and manure.",3,"","How does sewage waste get recycled ?","Sewage arrives at the works through the three trunk sewers, which are deep underground. The effluent is therefore pumped up to the inlet works, where debris such as cloth, paper and plastic is removed. It is washed and dumped into skips, to be taken to a landfill site. Grit is also removed and washed. Some is recycled as a building material, and some goes to landfill. In storm conditions, when the incoming flow exceeds the capacity of the works, some of the sewage is passed through separate storm screens, which perform a similar process, and is stored in storm tanks until the flows reduce, and the contents of the tanks can be processed by the works.",0,"","How is sewage recycled ?","In light of the region's worst drought in a hundred years, which saw the city's dam storages fall below 25% capacity, in 2006 Mayor Di Thorley championed a plan (Toowoomba Water Futures) to build a recycled sewage plant that would process the city's sewage and use the resulting water for re-use.Because of health and public concerns, the recovered sewage water was to be pumped into one of the city's dams that provide drinking water, where it would be allowed to mix with rainwater collected by the dam, before being redrawn and retreated for distribution to homes. The project was controversial as the first of its kind to be proposed in Australia.  The only other similar plant in existence is in Singapore which recycles 1% sewage water.  The Water Futures project proposed recycling 25-29% for potable use.",3,null,121,false,"95_4_MARCO_869538","MARCO_869538","95_4_CAR_355e86f3c81a0bb0838d77ffba07de6bd02a7155","CAR_355e86f3c81a0bb0838d77ffba07de6bd02a7155","95_4_CAR_2dac5489f7a9fced6836aa46e2f39d261d00d9a6","CAR_2dac5489f7a9fced6836aa46e2f39d261d00d9a6",null,"How is sewage recycled?","CAR_020b4fe74cb352150094d12962bc32213ab6c62c","95_4_CAR_020b4fe74cb352150094d12962bc32213ab6c62c","Reclaimed water or recycled water, is former wastewater (sewage) that is treated to remove solids and impurities, and used in sustainable landscaping irrigation, to recharge groundwater aquifers, to meet commercial and industrial water needs, and for drinking. The purpose of these processes is  water conservation and sustainability, rather than discharging the treated water to surface waters such as rivers and oceans. In some cases, recycled water can be used for streamflow augmentation to benefit ecosystems and improve aesthetics.  One example of this is along Calera Creek in the City of Pacifica, CA.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How is sewage recycled?","95_4","What is sewage recycling ?","Reclaimed water or recycled water, is former wastewater (sewage) that is treated to remove solids and impurities, and used in sustainable landscaping irrigation, to recharge groundwater aquifers, to meet commercial and industrial water needs, and for drinking. The purpose of these processes is  water conservation and sustainability, rather than discharging the treated water to surface waters such as rivers and oceans. In some cases, recycled water can be used for streamflow augmentation to benefit ecosystems and improve aesthetics.  One example of this is along Calera Creek in the City of Pacifica, CA.",3,null,"How can we recycle sewage ?","Householders and sewage treatment plants can both make the water supply networks more efficient and sustainable. Major improvements in eco-efficiency are gained through systematic separation of rainfall and wastewater. Membrane technology can be used for recycling wastewater.",1,"","How does sewage waste get recycled ?","The sludge produced in wastewater treatment plants may provide a potential nutrient source for algae in the production of biodiesel while simultaneously creating an eco-friendly recycling process for the byproducts of sewage plants. Over a 6-day period, Auxenochlorella was able to remove 59% of the total nitrogen, 81% of the total phosphorus, and 96% of the total organic carbon from the waste while maintaining a high lipid productivity rate.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"How is sewage recycled ?","Reclaimed water or recycled water, is former wastewater (sewage) that is treated to remove solids and impurities, and used in sustainable landscaping irrigation, to recharge groundwater aquifers, to meet commercial and industrial water needs, and for drinking. The purpose of these processes is  water conservation and sustainability, rather than discharging the treated water to surface waters such as rivers and oceans. In some cases, recycled water can be used for streamflow augmentation to benefit ecosystems and improve aesthetics.  One example of this is along Calera Creek in the City of Pacifica, CA.",3,null,121,false,"95_4_CAR_4ab98bd80c9a5a99654ab4d29a987c2758c0d441","CAR_4ab98bd80c9a5a99654ab4d29a987c2758c0d441","95_4_CAR_0883d44f790c40fad371afa1dd942dbf73dbd129","CAR_0883d44f790c40fad371afa1dd942dbf73dbd129","95_4_CAR_b77e050835fd263829745c40770bdd48360e0226","CAR_b77e050835fd263829745c40770bdd48360e0226",null,"How is sewage recycled?","CAR_4ab98bd80c9a5a99654ab4d29a987c2758c0d441","95_4_CAR_4ab98bd80c9a5a99654ab4d29a987c2758c0d441","In light of the region's worst drought in a hundred years, which saw the city's dam storages fall below 25% capacity, in 2006 Mayor Di Thorley championed a plan (Toowoomba Water Futures) to build a recycled sewage plant that would process the city's sewage and use the resulting water for re-use.Because of health and public concerns, the recovered sewage water was to be pumped into one of the city's dams that provide drinking water, where it would be allowed to mix with rainwater collected by the dam, before being redrawn and retreated for distribution to homes. The project was controversial as the first of its kind to be proposed in Australia.  The only other similar plant in existence is in Singapore which recycles 1% sewage water.  The Water Futures project proposed recycling 25-29% for potable use.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},3]
["What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","95_5","When is composting better than recycling ? How are the two different ?","Burning domestic refuse to generate power can be promoted as a recycling, and therefore sustainable, policy. But from a carbon cycle re-balancing standpoint it is better to compost as much domestic refuse as possible.",3,null,"What are the advantages and disadvantages of recycling , and how does it compare to composting ?","Advantages and Disadvantages of Recycling Many of us feel overwhelmed by the tern â€˜recyclingâ€™. Recycling is a form of waste management that involves converting waste and other used materials into reusable products. Recycling helps to reduce energy usage, reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials, reduce air pollution and water pollution.",1,"","Can you tell the difference between recycling and composting ?","Composting is nature's way of recycling. Composting biodegrades organic waste. i.e. food waste, manure, leaves, grass trimmings, paper, wood, feathers, crop residue etc., and turns it into a valuable organic fertilizer. Composting is a natural biological process, carried out under controlled aerobic conditions (requires oxygen).",1,"","What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting ?","Composting is nature's way of recycling. Composting biodegrades organic waste. i.e. food waste, manure, leaves, grass trimmings, paper, wood, feathers, crop residue etc., and turns it into a valuable organic fertilizer. Composting is a natural biological process, carried out under controlled aerobic conditions (requires oxygen).",1,null,122,true,"95_5_CAR_3885fda413b0e34b6171e5fc12980df47cdaf825","CAR_3885fda413b0e34b6171e5fc12980df47cdaf825","95_5_MARCO_5897154","MARCO_5897154","95_5_MARCO_1118648","MARCO_1118648",null,"What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","MARCO_1118648","95_5_MARCO_1118648","Composting is nature's way of recycling. Composting biodegrades organic waste. i.e. food waste, manure, leaves, grass trimmings, paper, wood, feathers, crop residue etc., and turns it into a valuable organic fertilizer. Composting is a natural biological process, carried out under controlled aerobic conditions (requires oxygen).",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","95_5","When is composting better than recycling ? How are the two different ?","Composting is nature's way of recycling. Composting biodegrades organic waste. i.e. food waste, manure, leaves, grass trimmings, paper, wood, feathers, crop residue etc., and turns it into a valuable organic fertilizer. Composting is a natural biological process, carried out under controlled aerobic conditions (requires oxygen).",1,null,"What are the advantages and disadvantages of recycling , and how does it compare to composting ?","Advantages and Disadvantages of Recycling. Many of us feel overwhelmed by the tern â€˜recyclingâ€™. Recycling is nothing but process of using old or waste products into new products. It makes us feel proud of taking an important step towards reducing pollution and recycling is a fun activity especially when done in groups.. Reduces Pollution: Industrial waste today is the main source of all types of pollution. Recycling of industrial products such as cans, chemical, plastics helps to cut down pollution levels considerably, as these materials are re-used, instead of throwing them away irresponsibly.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Can you tell the difference between recycling and composting ?","Composting is the natural process of decomposition and recycling of organic material into a humus rich soil amendment known as compost. For any business or institution producing food waste, this organic material can be easily decomposed into high quality compost.",1,"","What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting ?","Composting is a low-cost, effective and natural way of recycling organic materials, and it is included in sustainable agriculture and recommended for organic agriculture (Peigne, Girardin 2004).",1,null,122,true,"95_5_MARCO_1118648","MARCO_1118648","95_5_MARCO_4959988","MARCO_4959988","95_5_MARCO_8426836","MARCO_8426836",null,"What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","MARCO_986288","95_5_MARCO_986288","Second, we are told that recycling will help protect the environment because the alternatives-landfilling our garbage or burning it in waste-to-energy facilities-represent severe environmental threats.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","95_5","When is composting better than recycling ? How are the two different ?","The composting or other reuse of biodegradable wasteâ€”such as food or garden wasteâ€”is also considered recycling. Materials to be recycled are either brought to a collection centre or picked up from the curbside, then sorted, cleaned, and reprocessed into new materials destined for manufacturing.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What are the advantages and disadvantages of recycling , and how does it compare to composting ?","Composting is a low-cost, effective and natural way of recycling organic materials, and it is included in sustainable agriculture and recommended for organic agriculture (Peigne, Girardin 2004).",1,"","Can you tell the difference between recycling and composting ?","Composting is a simple way to recycle nutrients and return them to the soil to be used again. By. composting your yard trimmings and food scraps, you can help lighten the load of waste that would. otherwise go to a landfill. Compost is often mixed into the soil to make it richer for growing plants.",1,"","What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting ?","Composting is the natural process of decomposition and recycling of organic material into a humus rich soil amendment known as compost. For any business or institution producing food waste, this organic material can be easily decomposed into high quality compost.",1,null,122,true,"95_5_MARCO_7652677","MARCO_7652677","95_5_MARCO_986288","MARCO_986288","95_5_MARCO_4402206","MARCO_4402206",null,"What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","MARCO_8426836","95_5_MARCO_8426836","Composting is a low-cost, effective and natural way of recycling organic materials, and it is included in sustainable agriculture and recommended for organic agriculture (Peigne, Girardin 2004).",1,null,2,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},2]
["Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","95_6","What is biodegradable plastic ? What are the benefits ?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",4,null,"What do you know about biodegradable plastics ?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",4,"","How can I learn more about biodegradable plastics ?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",4,"","Tell me more about biodegradable plastics .","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",4,null,123,false,"95_6_MARCO_952696","MARCO_952696","95_6_MARCO_952696","MARCO_952696","95_6_MARCO_952696","MARCO_952696",null,"Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","MARCO_952696","95_6_MARCO_952696","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","95_6","What is biodegradable plastic ? What are the benefits ?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.ith biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",4,null,"What do you know about biodegradable plastics ?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.ith biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",4,"","How can I learn more about biodegradable plastics ?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.ith biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",4,"","Tell me more about biodegradable plastics .","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.ith biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",4,null,123,false,"95_6_MARCO_6170128","MARCO_6170128","95_6_MARCO_6170128","MARCO_6170128","95_6_MARCO_6170128","MARCO_6170128",null,"Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","MARCO_6170128","95_6_MARCO_6170128","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.ith biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","95_6","What is biodegradable plastic ? What are the benefits ?","Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.",2,null,"What do you know about biodegradable plastics ?","Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.",2,"","How can I learn more about biodegradable plastics ?","For more information: 1  Biodegradable Plastics: Are They Better for the Environment: Find out if biodegradable plastics are better for the environment than traditional plastic. 2  Biodegradable Polymers and Plastics in Japan: Learn how Japan uses their biodegradable materials, and if it is working for their country.",1,"","Tell me more about biodegradable plastics .","Biodegradable plastics are plastics that decompose by the action of living organisms, usually bacteria.nder proper conditions, some biodegradable plastics can degrade to the point where microorganisms can completely metabolise them to carbon dioxide (and water). For example, starch-based bioplastics produced from sustainable farming methods could be almost carbon neutral.",2,null,123,false,"95_6_MARCO_8217314","MARCO_8217314","95_6_MARCO_8217314","MARCO_8217314","95_6_MARCO_8217307","MARCO_8217307",null,"Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","MARCO_6170131","95_6_MARCO_6170131","Biodegradable plastics are plastics that decompose by the action of living organisms, usually bacteria.nder proper conditions, some biodegradable plastics can degrade to the point where microorganisms can completely metabolise them to carbon dioxide (and water). For example, starch-based bioplastics produced from sustainable farming methods could be almost carbon neutral.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How are biodegradable plastics made?","95_7","How are biodegradable plastics manufactured ?","The useful life of a product made using oxo-biodegradable plastic can be programmed at manufacture, typically 6 months for a bread wrapper and 18 months for a lighweight, plastic carrier bag to allow for re-use. Oxo-biodegradable plastic can be manufactured with the existing machinery and workforce in factories at little or no extra cost.  They have the same strength and other characteristics as ordinary plastics during their intended lifetime.",1,null,"What materials are biodegradable plastics made of ?","Biodegradable plastics are made from all-natural plant materials. These can include corn oil, orange peels, starch, and plants. Traditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down.",3,"","What is the process of making biodegradable plastics ?","With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",2,"","How are biodegradable plastics made ?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",3,null,124,true,"95_7_CAR_cc2951f82d5df8787ab631fdb56c125f1d30cb22","CAR_cc2951f82d5df8787ab631fdb56c125f1d30cb22","95_7_MARCO_8217309","MARCO_8217309","95_7_MARCO_8217313","MARCO_8217313",null,"How are biodegradable plastics made?","MARCO_952696","95_7_MARCO_952696","Biodegradable plastics are made from all-natural plant materials. These can include corn oil, orange peels, starch, and plants. Traditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How are biodegradable plastics made?","95_7","How are biodegradable plastics manufactured ?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",3,null,"What materials are biodegradable plastics made of ?","Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid. The solid forms normally are used for items such as food containers, leaf collection bags, and water bottles.",3,"","What is the process of making biodegradable plastics ?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.ith biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",3,"","How are biodegradable plastics made ?","Biodegradable plastics are made from all-natural plant materials. These can include corn oil, orange peels, starch, and plants. Traditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down.",3,null,124,true,"95_7_MARCO_952696","MARCO_952696","95_7_MARCO_8217312","MARCO_8217312","95_7_MARCO_6170128","MARCO_6170128",null,"How are biodegradable plastics made?","MARCO_8217309","95_7_MARCO_8217309","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How are biodegradable plastics made?","95_7","How are biodegradable plastics manufactured ?","Biodegradable plastics are made from all-natural plant materials. These can include corn oil, orange peels, starch, and plants. Traditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down.",3,null,"What materials are biodegradable plastics made of ?","Two basic classes of biodegradable plastics exist: Bioplastics, whose components are derived from renewable raw materials, and plastics made from petrochemicals containing biodegradable additives which enhance biodegradation.",3,"","What is the process of making biodegradable plastics ?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",3,"","How are biodegradable plastics made ?","Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid. The solid forms normally are used for items such as food containers, leaf collection bags, and water bottles.",3,null,124,true,"95_7_MARCO_8217309","MARCO_8217309","95_7_CAR_641ec0834bb860a7ec1e8d647bce91a4bd9377c6","CAR_641ec0834bb860a7ec1e8d647bce91a4bd9377c6","95_7_MARCO_952696","MARCO_952696",null,"How are biodegradable plastics made?","MARCO_8217312","95_7_MARCO_8217312","Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid. The solid forms normally are used for items such as food containers, leaf collection bags, and water bottles.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","95_8","How does corn oil work in biodegradable plastic 's production ?","On October 21, 2010, a group of scientists reported that corn-based plastic ranked higher in environmental defects than the main products it replaces, such as HDPE, LDPE and PP. In the study, the production of corn-based plastics created more acidification, carcinogens, ecotoxicity, eutrophication, ozone depletion, respiratory effects and smog than the synthetic-based plastics they replaced. However the study also concluded that biopolymers trumped the other plastics for biodegradability, low toxicity, and use of renewable resources.",1,null,"How do you make biodegradable plastics using corn oil ?","Bioplastics are plastics derived from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, or microbiota. Bioplastic can be made from agricultural by-products and also from used plastic bottles and other containers using microorganisms. Common plastics, such as fossil-fuel plastics (also called petrobased polymers), are derived from petroleum or natural gas. Production of such plastics tends to require more fossil fuels and to produce more greenhouse gases than the production of biobased polymers (bioplastics). Some, but not all, bioplastics are designed to biodegrade. Biodegradable bioplastics can break down in either anaerobic or aerobic environments, depending on how they are manufactured. Bioplastics can be composed of starches, cellulose, biopolymers, and a variety of other materials.",2,"","What is the process of using corn oil to make biodegradable plastics ?","Malonic acid (up to 37.5% w/w) has been used to cross-link corn and potato starches to produce a biodegradable thermoplastic; the process is performed in water using non-toxic catalysts. Starch-based polymers comprised 38% of the global biodegradable polymers market in 2014 with food packaging, foam packaging, and compost bags as the largest end-use segments.",2,"","How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics ?","Recently, corn has been used to make biodegradable containers.  Corn can be used to create non-petroleum plastic, which is often compostable.",2,null,125,false,"95_8_CAR_786556e1d9e0928d8826ba262845b7d3c0f032e9","CAR_786556e1d9e0928d8826ba262845b7d3c0f032e9","95_8_CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c","CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c","95_8_CAR_24e080fe2584fe269baee16af34a21b65cffa498","CAR_24e080fe2584fe269baee16af34a21b65cffa498",null,"How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","CAR_06727f1c6f80194260230169743650d2140cd477","95_8_CAR_06727f1c6f80194260230169743650d2140cd477","Recently, corn has been used to make biodegradable containers.  Corn can be used to create non-petroleum plastic, which is often compostable.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","95_8","How does corn oil work in biodegradable plastic 's production ?","Bioplastics are plastics derived from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, or microbiota. Bioplastic can be made from agricultural by-products and also from used plastic bottles and other containers using microorganisms. Common plastics, such as fossil-fuel plastics (also called petrobased polymers), are derived from petroleum or natural gas. Production of such plastics tends to require more fossil fuels and to produce more greenhouse gases than the production of biobased polymers (bioplastics). Some, but not all, bioplastics are designed to biodegrade. Biodegradable bioplastics can break down in either anaerobic or aerobic environments, depending on how they are manufactured. Bioplastics can be composed of starches, cellulose, biopolymers, and a variety of other materials.",2,null,"How do you make biodegradable plastics using corn oil ?","Biodegradable plastics are made from all-natural plant materials. These can include corn oil, orange peels, starch, and plants. Traditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down.",1,"","What is the process of using corn oil to make biodegradable plastics ?","On October 21, 2010, a group of scientists reported that corn-based plastic ranked higher in environmental defects than the main products it replaces, such as HDPE, LDPE and PP. In the study, the production of corn-based plastics created more acidification, carcinogens, ecotoxicity, eutrophication, ozone depletion, respiratory effects and smog than the synthetic-based plastics they replaced. However the study also concluded that biopolymers trumped the other plastics for biodegradability, low toxicity, and use of renewable resources.",1,"","How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics ?","On October 21, 2010, a group of scientists reported that corn-based plastic ranked higher in environmental defects than the main products it replaces, such as HDPE, LDPE and PP. In the study, the production of corn-based plastics created more acidification, carcinogens, ecotoxicity, eutrophication, ozone depletion, respiratory effects and smog than the synthetic-based plastics they replaced. However the study also concluded that biopolymers trumped the other plastics for biodegradability, low toxicity, and use of renewable resources.",1,null,125,false,"95_8_CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c","CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c","95_8_MARCO_8217309","MARCO_8217309","95_8_CAR_786556e1d9e0928d8826ba262845b7d3c0f032e9","CAR_786556e1d9e0928d8826ba262845b7d3c0f032e9",null,"How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","CAR_786556e1d9e0928d8826ba262845b7d3c0f032e9","95_8_CAR_786556e1d9e0928d8826ba262845b7d3c0f032e9","On October 21, 2010, a group of scientists reported that corn-based plastic ranked higher in environmental defects than the main products it replaces, such as HDPE, LDPE and PP. In the study, the production of corn-based plastics created more acidification, carcinogens, ecotoxicity, eutrophication, ozone depletion, respiratory effects and smog than the synthetic-based plastics they replaced. However the study also concluded that biopolymers trumped the other plastics for biodegradability, low toxicity, and use of renewable resources.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","95_8","How does corn oil work in biodegradable plastic 's production ?","Recently, corn has been used to make biodegradable containers.  Corn can be used to create non-petroleum plastic, which is often compostable.",2,null,"How do you make biodegradable plastics using corn oil ?","There is much debate about the total carbon, fossil fuel and water usage in manufacturing bioplastics from natural materials and whether they are a negative impact to human food supply. To make  of polylactic acid, the most common commercially available compostable plastic,   of corn is required. Since 270 million tonnes of plastic are made every year, replacing conventional plastic with corn-derived polylactic acid would remove 715.5 million tonnes from the world's food supply, at a time when global warming is reducing tropical farm productivity. \"Although U.S. corn is a highly productive crop, with typical yields between 140 and 160 bushels per acre, the resulting delivery of food by the corn system is far lower. Today’s corn crop is mainly used for biofuels (roughly 40 percent of U.S. corn is used for ethanol) and as animal feed (roughly 36 percent of U.S. corn, plus distillers grains left over from ethanol production, is fed to cattle, pigs and chickens). Much of the rest is exported.  Only a tiny fraction of the national corn crop is directly used for food for Americans, much of that for high-fructose corn syrup.\"",2,"","What is the process of using corn oil to make biodegradable plastics ?","Bioplastics are plastics derived from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, or microbiota. Bioplastic can be made from agricultural by-products and also from used plastic bottles and other containers using microorganisms. Common plastics, such as fossil-fuel plastics (also called petrobased polymers), are derived from petroleum or natural gas. Production of such plastics tends to require more fossil fuels and to produce more greenhouse gases than the production of biobased polymers (bioplastics). Some, but not all, bioplastics are designed to biodegrade. Biodegradable bioplastics can break down in either anaerobic or aerobic environments, depending on how they are manufactured. Bioplastics can be composed of starches, cellulose, biopolymers, and a variety of other materials.",2,"","How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics ?","Bioplastics are plastics derived from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, or microbiota. Bioplastic can be made from agricultural by-products and also from used plastic bottles and other containers using microorganisms. Common plastics, such as fossil-fuel plastics (also called petrobased polymers), are derived from petroleum or natural gas. Production of such plastics tends to require more fossil fuels and to produce more greenhouse gases than the production of biobased polymers (bioplastics). Some, but not all, bioplastics are designed to biodegrade. Biodegradable bioplastics can break down in either anaerobic or aerobic environments, depending on how they are manufactured. Bioplastics can be composed of starches, cellulose, biopolymers, and a variety of other materials.",2,null,125,false,"95_8_CAR_06727f1c6f80194260230169743650d2140cd477","CAR_06727f1c6f80194260230169743650d2140cd477","95_8_CAR_0d9e77e3e453d1c33087c53c152dffa3f00bce8e","CAR_0d9e77e3e453d1c33087c53c152dffa3f00bce8e","95_8_CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c","CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c",null,"How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c","95_8_CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c","Bioplastics are plastics derived from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, or microbiota. Bioplastic can be made from agricultural by-products and also from used plastic bottles and other containers using microorganisms. Common plastics, such as fossil-fuel plastics (also called petrobased polymers), are derived from petroleum or natural gas. Production of such plastics tends to require more fossil fuels and to produce more greenhouse gases than the production of biobased polymers (bioplastics). Some, but not all, bioplastics are designed to biodegrade. Biodegradable bioplastics can break down in either anaerobic or aerobic environments, depending on how they are manufactured. Bioplastics can be composed of starches, cellulose, biopolymers, and a variety of other materials.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","96_1","How do I make Yakiniku in Japanese cuisine ?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",4,null,"What are the techniques for making Yakiniku ?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",4,"","How can I cook Yakiniku at home ?","The simplest way to prepare beef yakiniku is to simply season strips of good-quality beef with salt and pepper as they cook. When theyâ€™re done to your taste, you can eat them as they are or dip them in sauces like teriyaki sauce or ponzu.",2,"","How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",4,null,126,true,"96_1_MARCO_5233682","MARCO_5233682","96_1_MARCO_5233682","MARCO_5233682","96_1_MARCO_5233683","MARCO_5233683",null,"How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","MARCO_5233682","96_1_MARCO_5233682","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","96_1","How do I make Yakiniku in Japanese cuisine ?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",4,null,"What are the techniques for making Yakiniku ?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",4,"","How can I cook Yakiniku at home ?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",4,"","How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",4,null,126,true,"96_1_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_1_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_1_MARCO_5233682","MARCO_5233682",null,"How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_1_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","96_1","How do I make Yakiniku in Japanese cuisine ?","Today, it commonly refers to a Japanese style of cooking bite-sized meat (usually beef and offal) and vegetables on gridirons or griddles over flame of wood charcoals carbonized by dry distillation (sumibi, 炭火) or gas/electric grill. In North America, China, and Taiwan, Yakiniku is also referred to as \"Japanese barbecue\" while in Japan the origin has become a subject of debate, though it is conventionally considered to be Korean cuisine. In 2002 the NHK program NHK Ningen Kouza (NHK人間講座, literally NHK Humanity Lecture) stated: \"While some tend to think that yakiniku came from Korea, it was born in post war Japan.\" Yet there are those who say that while yakiniku may have its beginnings in Japan, they believe it was first made by Zainichi Koreans (long-term Korean residents), and should therefore be considered Korean cuisine.",4,null,"What are the techniques for making Yakiniku ?","The simplest way to prepare beef yakiniku is to simply season strips of good-quality beef with salt and pepper as they cook. When theyâ€™re done to your taste, you can eat them as they are or dip them in sauces like teriyaki sauce or ponzu.",2,"","How can I cook Yakiniku at home ?","In Japanese cities, yakitori carts, restaurants, or shops can be found. These contain charcoal-fired grills and marinated grilled meat on a stick. Yakiniku is a type of food where meat and/or vegetables are grilled directly over small charcoal or gas grills at high temperatures.  (This style of cooking has become popular throughout Asia.)  In Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, and Thailand, a popular food item from food vendors is satay, which is marinated meat on a bamboo skewer grilled over a charcoal fire and served with peanut (sate) sauce.",4,"","How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","The simplest way to prepare beef yakiniku is to simply season strips of good-quality beef with salt and pepper as they cook. When theyâ€™re done to your taste, you can eat them as they are or dip them in sauces like teriyaki sauce or ponzu.",2,null,126,true,"96_1_CAR_92bd9fa4b84bf8b0032b74f2376caaa43c22f485","CAR_92bd9fa4b84bf8b0032b74f2376caaa43c22f485","96_1_MARCO_5233683","MARCO_5233683","96_1_CAR_ec19f3a054c8b72e2a5e18dc61ffa4942a7a8e33","CAR_ec19f3a054c8b72e2a5e18dc61ffa4942a7a8e33",null,"How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","MARCO_5233683","96_1_MARCO_5233683","The simplest way to prepare beef yakiniku is to simply season strips of good-quality beef with salt and pepper as they cook. When theyâ€™re done to your taste, you can eat them as they are or dip them in sauces like teriyaki sauce or ponzu.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","96_2","What are some ways to use Yakiniku sauce in other recipes , besides yakiniku ?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What can I use the sauce for Yakiniku ?","Quick Overview. Yakiniku is a famed style of cooking meat that the Japanese pride themselves on. One thing that makes Yakiniku so great is the sauce; youâ€™ll find that it can enhance the flavor of cooked meat to perfection. This Ebara Yakiniku is the real deal, and is straight from Japan, boasting flavors that you canâ€™t find anywhere else. With garlic, honey, brown sugar, black pepper and many other great tasting ingredients youâ€™ll find this sauce does what other barbeque sauces never could.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Is the sauce good for other things , besides Yakiniku ?","Quick Overview. Yakiniku is a famed style of cooking meat that the Japanese pride themselves on. One thing that makes Yakiniku so great is the sauce; youâ€™ll find that it can enhance the flavor of cooked meat to perfection. This Ebara Yakiniku is the real deal, and is straight from Japan, boasting flavors that you canâ€™t find anywhere else. With garlic, honey, brown sugar, black pepper and many other great tasting ingredients youâ€™ll find this sauce does what other barbeque sauces never could.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Can the Japanese Yakiniku sauce be used in other dishes ?","Quick Overview. Yakiniku is a famed style of cooking meat that the Japanese pride themselves on. One thing that makes Yakiniku so great is the sauce; youâ€™ll find that it can enhance the flavor of cooked meat to perfection. This Ebara Yakiniku is the real deal, and is straight from Japan, boasting flavors that you canâ€™t find anywhere else. With garlic, honey, brown sugar, black pepper and many other great tasting ingredients youâ€™ll find this sauce does what other barbeque sauces never could.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,127,false,"96_2_MARCO_5233682","MARCO_5233682","96_2_MARCO_5233675","MARCO_5233675","96_2_MARCO_5233675","MARCO_5233675",null,"Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","MARCO_5233675","96_2_MARCO_5233675","Quick Overview. Yakiniku is a famed style of cooking meat that the Japanese pride themselves on. One thing that makes Yakiniku so great is the sauce; youâ€™ll find that it can enhance the flavor of cooked meat to perfection. This Ebara Yakiniku is the real deal, and is straight from Japan, boasting flavors that you canâ€™t find anywhere else. With garlic, honey, brown sugar, black pepper and many other great tasting ingredients youâ€™ll find this sauce does what other barbeque sauces never could.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","96_2","What are some ways to use Yakiniku sauce in other recipes , besides yakiniku ?","Quick Overview. Yakiniku is a famed style of cooking meat that the Japanese pride themselves on. One thing that makes Yakiniku so great is the sauce; youâ€™ll find that it can enhance the flavor of cooked meat to perfection. This Ebara Yakiniku is the real deal, and is straight from Japan, boasting flavors that you canâ€™t find anywhere else. With garlic, honey, brown sugar, black pepper and many other great tasting ingredients youâ€™ll find this sauce does what other barbeque sauces never could.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What can I use the sauce for Yakiniku ?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Is the sauce good for other things , besides Yakiniku ?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Can the Japanese Yakiniku sauce be used in other dishes ?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,127,false,"96_2_MARCO_5233675","MARCO_5233675","96_2_MARCO_5233682","MARCO_5233682","96_2_MARCO_5233682","MARCO_5233682",null,"Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","MARCO_5233682","96_2_MARCO_5233682","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","96_2","What are some ways to use Yakiniku sauce in other recipes , besides yakiniku ?","The simplest way to prepare beef yakiniku is to simply season strips of good-quality beef with salt and pepper as they cook. When theyâ€™re done to your taste, you can eat them as they are or dip them in sauces like teriyaki sauce or ponzu.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What can I use the sauce for Yakiniku ?","The simplest way to prepare beef yakiniku is to simply season strips of good-quality beef with salt and pepper as they cook. When theyâ€™re done to your taste, you can eat them as they are or dip them in sauces like teriyaki sauce or ponzu.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Is the sauce good for other things , besides Yakiniku ?"," is a general term in Japanese cuisine for dipping sauces often used in grilling (yakitori and yakiniku, especially as teriyaki sauce) as well as with sushi, nabemono and gyoza. The sauce is best described as sweetened, thickened soy sauce for grilling and flavored soy sauce with dashi, vinegar, etc., for nabemono and natto such as ponzu but every chef has their own variation. Kuromitsu is sweet tare.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can the Japanese Yakiniku sauce be used in other dishes ?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,127,false,"96_2_MARCO_5233683","MARCO_5233683","96_2_MARCO_5233683","MARCO_5233683","96_2_CAR_14e0628553de3ea5ea23f88e97f9b1785cd3daea","CAR_14e0628553de3ea5ea23f88e97f9b1785cd3daea",null,"Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_2_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,0,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","96_3","What are some restaurants that serve yakiniku in Tokyo ?","He announced in September 2010 that he was opening up a yakiniku restaurant in Kōtō, Tokyo.",1,null,"What are some good Tokyo restaurants to order yakiniku ?","He announced in September 2010 that he was opening up a yakiniku restaurant in Kōtō, Tokyo.",1,"","Where can I eat the best yakiniku in Tokyo ?","He announced in September 2010 that he was opening up a yakiniku restaurant in Kōtō, Tokyo.",1,"","What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo ?","He announced in September 2010 that he was opening up a yakiniku restaurant in Kōtō, Tokyo.",1,null,128,true,"96_3_CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6","CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6","96_3_CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6","CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6","96_3_CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6","CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6",null,"What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6","96_3_CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6","He announced in September 2010 that he was opening up a yakiniku restaurant in Kōtō, Tokyo.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","96_3","What are some restaurants that serve yakiniku in Tokyo ?","There are numerous Japanese restaurants, catering to both Japanese and non-Japanese clientele. Many of them specialize in one type of Japanese cuisine, such as donburi, Japanese noodles (soba, ramen and udon), shabu-shabu (which translated from Japanese means 'swish-swish', referring to the motion of dipping meat and vegetables in a communal bowl of boiling water), Japanese curry, sushi, or yakitori. There are also a number of yakiniku restaurants, where meat is often cooked on a small grill built into the center of the table.  Little Tokyo is the birthplace of the California roll, invented by a chef named Ichiro Mashita at the Tokyo Kaikan sushi restaurant.",0,null,"What are some good Tokyo restaurants to order yakiniku ?","There are numerous Japanese restaurants, catering to both Japanese and non-Japanese clientele. Many of them specialize in one type of Japanese cuisine, such as donburi, Japanese noodles (soba, ramen and udon), shabu-shabu (which translated from Japanese means 'swish-swish', referring to the motion of dipping meat and vegetables in a communal bowl of boiling water), Japanese curry, sushi, or yakitori. There are also a number of yakiniku restaurants, where meat is often cooked on a small grill built into the center of the table.  Little Tokyo is the birthplace of the California roll, invented by a chef named Ichiro Mashita at the Tokyo Kaikan sushi restaurant.",0,"","Where can I eat the best yakiniku in Tokyo ?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",0,"","What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo ?","In 2012, the Naza Group expanded its F&B portfolio to include Gyu Kaku, a globally renowned Yakiniku restaurant chain.",0,null,128,true,"96_3_CAR_1f1e7bb9c7849545c53114506b47295855b53a9b","CAR_1f1e7bb9c7849545c53114506b47295855b53a9b","96_3_CAR_1f1e7bb9c7849545c53114506b47295855b53a9b","CAR_1f1e7bb9c7849545c53114506b47295855b53a9b","96_3_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d",null,"What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","CAR_f24f10fabbcccead21a369ae9605211c99b15f6b","96_3_CAR_f24f10fabbcccead21a369ae9605211c99b15f6b","In 2012, the Naza Group expanded its F&B portfolio to include Gyu Kaku, a globally renowned Yakiniku restaurant chain.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","96_3","What are some restaurants that serve yakiniku in Tokyo ?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",0,null,"What are some good Tokyo restaurants to order yakiniku ?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",0,"","Where can I eat the best yakiniku in Tokyo ?","There are numerous Japanese restaurants, catering to both Japanese and non-Japanese clientele. Many of them specialize in one type of Japanese cuisine, such as donburi, Japanese noodles (soba, ramen and udon), shabu-shabu (which translated from Japanese means 'swish-swish', referring to the motion of dipping meat and vegetables in a communal bowl of boiling water), Japanese curry, sushi, or yakitori. There are also a number of yakiniku restaurants, where meat is often cooked on a small grill built into the center of the table.  Little Tokyo is the birthplace of the California roll, invented by a chef named Ichiro Mashita at the Tokyo Kaikan sushi restaurant.",0,"","What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo ?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",0,null,128,true,"96_3_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_3_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_3_CAR_1f1e7bb9c7849545c53114506b47295855b53a9b","CAR_1f1e7bb9c7849545c53114506b47295855b53a9b",null,"What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_3_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","96_4","What are the best three Michelin star sushi joints in Tokyo ?","Kagurazaka Ishikawa is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hideki Ishikawa. It is a personal favorite of chef David Kinch.",4,null,"What are the best 3 - star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo ?","Kagurazaka Ishikawa is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hideki Ishikawa. It is a personal favorite of chef David Kinch.",4,"","What are some Three Star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo ?","Sushi Yoshitake is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Ginza, Chūō, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Masahiro Yoshitake.",4,"","Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo that serve Japanese Yakiniku .","Ginza Kojyu (also known as Ginza Koju) is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Ginza, Chūō, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Toru Okuda. It is a personal favorite of chef, David Kinch.",4,null,129,false,"96_4_CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","96_4_CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","96_4_CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef","CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef",null,"Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","CAR_21e0b1bd9bf2071f6a5ac530d735b1f07497caef","96_4_CAR_21e0b1bd9bf2071f6a5ac530d735b1f07497caef","Kagurazaka Ishikawa is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hideki Ishikawa. It is a personal favorite of chef David Kinch.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","96_4","What are the best three Michelin star sushi joints in Tokyo ?","Kanda is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant located in Minato, Tokyo. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hiroyuki Kanda.",4,null,"What are the best 3 - star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo ?","Kanda is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant located in Minato, Tokyo. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hiroyuki Kanda.",4,"","What are some Three Star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo ?","Kanda is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant located in Minato, Tokyo. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hiroyuki Kanda.",4,"","Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo that serve Japanese Yakiniku .","Sushi Yoshitake is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Ginza, Chūō, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Masahiro Yoshitake.",4,null,129,false,"96_4_CAR_16df4347c591e4c893b66a8d170c3fd06a6f2e5b","CAR_16df4347c591e4c893b66a8d170c3fd06a6f2e5b","96_4_CAR_16df4347c591e4c893b66a8d170c3fd06a6f2e5b","CAR_16df4347c591e4c893b66a8d170c3fd06a6f2e5b","96_4_CAR_16df4347c591e4c893b66a8d170c3fd06a6f2e5b","CAR_16df4347c591e4c893b66a8d170c3fd06a6f2e5b",null,"Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef","96_4_CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef","Sushi Yoshitake is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Ginza, Chūō, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Masahiro Yoshitake.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","96_4","What are the best three Michelin star sushi joints in Tokyo ?","Sushi Yoshitake is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Ginza, Chūō, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Masahiro Yoshitake.",4,null,"What are the best 3 - star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo ?","Sushi Yoshitake is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Ginza, Chūō, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Masahiro Yoshitake.",4,"","What are some Three Star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo ?","Kagurazaka Ishikawa is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hideki Ishikawa. It is a personal favorite of chef David Kinch.",4,"","Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo that serve Japanese Yakiniku .","Kagurazaka Ishikawa is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hideki Ishikawa. It is a personal favorite of chef David Kinch.",4,null,129,false,"96_4_CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef","CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef","96_4_CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef","CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef","96_4_CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292",null,"Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","96_4_CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","Kanda is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant located in Minato, Tokyo. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hiroyuki Kanda.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","96_5","Is an agent necessary ? How do I make a booking for dinner at a Japanese restaurant ?","In April 2015, Sushi Mizutani was accused of discrimination against foreigners by Chinese journalist Mo Bangfu when it was reported that he attempted to make a reservation at the restaurant and was refused because he was not Japanese. Mo Bangfu expressed his disappointment to the Nikkan Gendai newspaper, adding that he found \"the conscious separation of Japanese and foreigners to be discriminatory.\" The restaurant replied by stating that foreigners are more likely to abandon their reservations, and require them to reserve through a hotel concierge or a credit card company. They maintained that they do not view their policy as discriminatory.",1,null,"How do I make a table reservation at a Tokyo restaurant without an agent ?","With OpenTableâ€™s free apps, you can discover, reserve, and manage restaurant reservations â€” anytime, anywhere. Explore thousands of restaurants, find available tables, and book instantly for free.Get access to exclusive mobile features, plus reviews, photos, menus, and more. Your next delicious meal is just a tap away.ith OpenTableâ€™s free apps, you can discover, reserve, and manage restaurant reservations â€” anytime, anywhere. Explore thousands of restaurants, find available tables, and book instantly for free.",1,"","So I 'll need an agent . How do I request dinner at any restaurant ?","1) Call 407-WDW-DINE and ask for Group Sales/Dining. 2) Let the coordinator know your requests. 3) The coordinator can make the ressies and, based upon the time-date-restaurant, usually you can be accommodated at one table. 4) You will give a credit card number to guarantee your reservation.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Oh you need an agent to make reservations at Japanese Yakiniku restaurants ?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",0,null,130,true,"96_5_CAR_791e8ec5f5cbaeba49bd3933da04bbe24422dfa2","CAR_791e8ec5f5cbaeba49bd3933da04bbe24422dfa2","96_5_MARCO_6038970","MARCO_6038970","96_5_MARCO_8683514","MARCO_8683514",null,"How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_5_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","Reservation for Sushi Iwa Ginza, Michelin 1 star, Tokyo. The Voyagin team has screened this host. ONLY for Voyagin guests! 30% OFF Mobile Wifi Service when you travel in Japan! Overview. Sushi Ginza Iwa in Ginza, Tokyo, is a Michelin starred restaurant where you can enjoy a marvelous top-class sushi dinner at an affordable price! Our reservation service will help you to secure seats in this cozy restaurant! Reserve seats for Sushi Ginza Iwa, Tokyo.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","96_5","Is an agent necessary ? How do I make a booking for dinner at a Japanese restaurant ?","An agent may use any means necessary, including death and destruction, to accomplish a mission. Agents sever all ties with their former lives, and (thanks to the neuralyzer) as far as the world is concerned, they do not exist.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do I make a table reservation at a Tokyo restaurant without an agent ?","In 2013 XEX Tokyo Restaurant owned by Salvatore Cuomo was described by Anthony Bourdain during his show Anthony Bourdain: No Reservations Tokyo, on the Travel Channel as the final destination for the Japanese elite.",0,"","So I 'll need an agent . How do I request dinner at any restaurant ?","Select restaurants at theme parks, Walt Disney Resort hotels and Disney Springs take reservations. Select dinner shows and dining events also take reservations. View a complete list of locations that take dining reservations. You can make dining reservations online or call (407) WDW-DINE or (407) 939-3463. Guests under 18 years of age must have parent or guardian permission to call. Lounges and quick-service restaurants do not take reservations.",0,"","Oh you need an agent to make reservations at Japanese Yakiniku restaurants ?","Gyu-Kaku (ç‰›è§’, gyÅ« kaku, bull's horn) is a chain of Japanese yakiniku restaurants specializing in Japanese barbecue.yu-kaku also sells its own brand of kimchi in Japanese supermarkets, as well as a line of dipping sauces and marinades.",0,null,130,true,"96_5_CAR_afde5d3de6c7b745234dcf6fa69e3f745e68e736","CAR_afde5d3de6c7b745234dcf6fa69e3f745e68e736","96_5_CAR_48fc1c2b7dfe29dda29fb341914b1d35d683e01f","CAR_48fc1c2b7dfe29dda29fb341914b1d35d683e01f","96_5_MARCO_1529825","MARCO_1529825",null,"How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","MARCO_7682254","96_5_MARCO_7682254","Reserve a table for the best dining in Tokyo, Tokyo Prefecture on TripAdvisor: See 551,830 reviews of 99,469 Tokyo restaurants and search by cuisine, price, location, and more. Tokyo Tokyo Tourism",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","96_5","Is an agent necessary ? How do I make a booking for dinner at a Japanese restaurant ?"," was a sushi restaurant run by Japanese chef  in the Ginza neighbourhood of Tokyo, Japan. It received a three-star rating in the 2011 edition of the Michelin Guide for Tokyo, Yokohama and Kamakura. Described as \"Japan's most difficult restaurant to make a booking at\", the restaurant closed in February 2013 so that Araki could pursue a new challenge overseas, which led to him opening The Araki in London in October 2014.",0,null,"How do I make a table reservation at a Tokyo restaurant without an agent ?","Reservation for Sushi Iwa Ginza, Michelin 1 star, Tokyo. The Voyagin team has screened this host. ONLY for Voyagin guests! 30% OFF Mobile Wifi Service when you travel in Japan! Overview. Sushi Ginza Iwa in Ginza, Tokyo, is a Michelin starred restaurant where you can enjoy a marvelous top-class sushi dinner at an affordable price! Our reservation service will help you to secure seats in this cozy restaurant! Reserve seats for Sushi Ginza Iwa, Tokyo.",2,"","So I 'll need an agent . How do I request dinner at any restaurant ?","At this time, you may make a dining reservation at most Disney World restaurants up to 180 days in advance of your meal there. To make online reservations, click on any table service restaurant name in our DISNEY WORLD RESTAURANT GUIDE and select â€œBook Online.â€\u009d.To reserve by phone, call 407-WDW-DINE (3463) , answer a few voice-activated questions, and youâ€™ll be transferred to a dining agent who will book your meals for you.o make online reservations, click on any table service restaurant name in our DISNEY WORLD RESTAURANT GUIDE and select â€œBook Online.â€\u009d. To reserve by phone, call 407-WDW-DINE (3463) , answer a few voice-activated questions, and youâ€™ll be transferred to a dining agent who will book your meals for you.",0,"","Oh you need an agent to make reservations at Japanese Yakiniku restaurants ?","In April 2015, Sushi Mizutani was accused of discrimination against foreigners by Chinese journalist Mo Bangfu when it was reported that he attempted to make a reservation at the restaurant and was refused because he was not Japanese. Mo Bangfu expressed his disappointment to the Nikkan Gendai newspaper, adding that he found \"the conscious separation of Japanese and foreigners to be discriminatory.\" The restaurant replied by stating that foreigners are more likely to abandon their reservations, and require them to reserve through a hotel concierge or a credit card company. They maintained that they do not view their policy as discriminatory.",1,null,130,true,"96_5_CAR_5598d74506792655d638491f5f234ebc2cf58ba9","CAR_5598d74506792655d638491f5f234ebc2cf58ba9","96_5_MARCO_3459123","MARCO_3459123","96_5_MARCO_4542082","MARCO_4542082",null,"How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","CAR_791e8ec5f5cbaeba49bd3933da04bbe24422dfa2","96_5_CAR_791e8ec5f5cbaeba49bd3933da04bbe24422dfa2","You can make same-day reservations online. The $10 hold would still apply, so be sure to keep your reservation. You can also visit a restaurant the day of to see if they have openings. You can also call the reservations system for a same-day reservation, but you cannot call a restaurant directly.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","96_6","Besides the three Michelin star sushi joints in Tokyo , what other great places to be visited ?","Mt. Takao-san. A great place to enjoy riding a cable car and climbing in the suburbs of Tokyo. Mt. Takao is one of the three-star destinations in the Michelin Green Guide Japan. To visit Mt. Takao, transfer to the Chuo Line at Tachikawa Railway Station, and get off at Takao Railway Station.It takes about 18 minutes from Tachikawa Railway Station to Takao Railway Station.o visit Mt. Takao, transfer to the Chuo Line at Tachikawa Railway Station, and get off at Takao Railway Station. It takes about 18 minutes from Tachikawa Railway Station to Takao Railway Station.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What are some of the best activities to do in Tokyo other than making a table reservation ?","Top 10 Things To Do In Tokyo. Best Things To Do In Tokyo December 2016: Spectacular Christmas lights, New Yearâ€™s Eve at Tokyo shrines, Tsukiji Fish market morning sushi, Tokyo Winter Skyline from Sky Tree tower, Kabuki December plays, shopping hot-spots and partying with the characters of Disneyland.",3,"","Can you recommend other entertaining things to do besides eating ?","Others dole it out a little at a time. Some parents even ban the candy bars altogether. For some nutritionists (and dentists!), Halloween candy is downright scary. Whatever candy camp your family falls in â€“â€“ thereâ€™s more to do with candy than eat it. Check out these ideas of what to do with leftovers: 1. Recycle it.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Tell me other fun things to do in Tokyo besides Yakiniku .","Tokyo: 10 Things to Do. 7. Shibuya Crossing. It would be a shame to come to Tokyo and not take a walk across the famous intersection outside Shibuya Station. On sunny afternoons or clear evenings, the surrounding area is packed with shoppers, students, young couples and commuters.",2,null,131,false,"96_6_MARCO_5241204","MARCO_5241204","96_6_MARCO_2415226","MARCO_2415226","96_6_MARCO_3999123","MARCO_3999123",null,"Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","MARCO_4336555","96_6_MARCO_4336555","25. Food-Finally, food is the reason I visited Japan, and I think eating is by all means one of the best things to do in Tokyo. Food is everywhere, and not only does it taste amazing, but the care that goes into Japanese cuisine is incredible.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","96_6","Besides the three Michelin star sushi joints in Tokyo , what other great places to be visited ?","It is one of the best priced Michelin-rated eateries in Tokyo and is open for lunch. B1 Hills Aoyama Bldg, 3-39-9 Jingumae, Shibuya, Tokyo. Sushi Saito. Located in Akasaka, Sushi Saito is referenced as a favorite of Jean-Luc Naret, the director of the Michelin Guide.",0,null,"What are some of the best activities to do in Tokyo other than making a table reservation ?","Best Things To Do In Tokyo December 2016. Best Things To Do In Tokyo December 2016: Spectacular Christmas lights, New Yearâ€™s Eve at Tokyo shrines, Tsukiji Fish market morning sushi, Tokyo Winter Skyline from Sky Tree tower, Kabuki December plays, shopping hot-spots and partying with the characters of Disneyland.",3,"","Can you recommend other entertaining things to do besides eating ?","In Las Vegas, there is definitely no shortage of things to do. However, some are better than others and thatâ€™s where we come in. Between free attractions, wild rides, and the best shows, here are what we consider the must see attractions in Las Vegas. The list is long, but compared to the hundreds of options, this should help you come up with an attraction game plan! Keep in mind, itâ€™s impossible to see EVERYTHING in Vegas in one trip, trust us!",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Tell me other fun things to do in Tokyo besides Yakiniku .","There are numerous Japanese restaurants, catering to both Japanese and non-Japanese clientele. Many of them specialize in one type of Japanese cuisine, such as donburi, Japanese noodles (soba, ramen and udon), shabu-shabu (which translated from Japanese means 'swish-swish', referring to the motion of dipping meat and vegetables in a communal bowl of boiling water), Japanese curry, sushi, or yakitori. There are also a number of yakiniku restaurants, where meat is often cooked on a small grill built into the center of the table.  Little Tokyo is the birthplace of the California roll, invented by a chef named Ichiro Mashita at the Tokyo Kaikan sushi restaurant.",0,null,131,false,"96_6_MARCO_3459128","MARCO_3459128","96_6_MARCO_2415227","MARCO_2415227","96_6_MARCO_1040422","MARCO_1040422",null,"Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","CAR_1f1e7bb9c7849545c53114506b47295855b53a9b","96_6_CAR_1f1e7bb9c7849545c53114506b47295855b53a9b","First off, congrats! Iâ€™m so jealous. Tokyo is one of my all time favorite cities. There is so much to do, so much to see, and most importantly, so much to eat. Tokyo has it all, from hole in the wall gyoza places to high-end Michelin sushi bars. If youâ€™re planning on going to Tokyo, plan on eating, because eating is half the fun.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","96_6","Besides the three Michelin star sushi joints in Tokyo , what other great places to be visited ?","Kagurazaka Ishikawa is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hideki Ishikawa. It is a personal favorite of chef David Kinch.",0,null,"What are some of the best activities to do in Tokyo other than making a table reservation ?","Reserve a table for the best dining in Tokyo, Tokyo Prefecture on TripAdvisor: See 551,830 reviews of 99,469 Tokyo restaurants and search by cuisine, price, location, and more. Tokyo Tokyo Tourism",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you recommend other entertaining things to do besides eating ?","I think what makes any party great is remembering itâ€™s about the people NOT the food or the decor. True, itâ€™s great to have a beautiful setting, but some of the best parties Iâ€™ve been to were in a tiny NYC apartment with nothing more than takeout served on the coffee table with everyone sitting on the floor.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Tell me other fun things to do in Tokyo besides Yakiniku .","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",0,null,131,false,"96_6_CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","96_6_MARCO_7240230","MARCO_7240230","96_6_MARCO_2569562","MARCO_2569562",null,"Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_6_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","Top 10 Things To Do In Tokyo. Best Things To Do In Tokyo December 2016: Spectacular Christmas lights, New Yearâ€™s Eve at Tokyo shrines, Tsukiji Fish market morning sushi, Tokyo Winter Skyline from Sky Tree tower, Kabuki December plays, shopping hot-spots and partying with the characters of Disneyland.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","96_7","How much does living in Tokyo and in New York City cost ?","Cost of living in Tokyo is 1.94% lower than in New York Our estimator (with default settings) estimate monthly expenses for a single person at 1,099.90$ (119,818.54Â¥) and for four person family at 4,009.22$ (436,748.32Â¥) (without rent).",4,null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo ? Is it more expensive than New York City ?","Cost of living in Tokyo is 1.94% lower than in New York Our estimator (with default settings) estimate monthly expenses for a single person at 1,099.90$ (119,818.54Â¥) and for four person family at 4,009.22$ (436,748.32Â¥) (without rent).",4,"","What is the average living expense compared to New York City ?","The only price the two places draw close to is a slice of pizza: itâ€™s $1.59 in Holly Springs versus an average $2.25 in Manhattan. As expected, the cities with the highest total living expenses were New York, Washington, D.C. ($88,600), Boston ($85,600) and San Francisco ($84,100).The median cost of modest living was $63,000 for a family of four living in Newaygo County, Mich., EPI said.s for housing, families in places like New York and San Francisco fork over as much as 25% of the budget for shelter â€” while the eight lowest-cost areas for a family of four are all counties in Mississippi.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to NYC ?","Cost of living in Tokyo is 1.94% lower than in New York Our estimator (with default settings) estimate monthly expenses for a single person at 1,099.90$ (119,818.54Â¥) and for four person family at 4,009.22$ (436,748.32Â¥) (without rent).",4,null,132,true,"96_7_MARCO_3217256","MARCO_3217256","96_7_MARCO_3217256","MARCO_3217256","96_7_MARCO_5708178","MARCO_5708178",null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","MARCO_3217256","96_7_MARCO_3217256","Cost of living in Tokyo is 1.94% lower than in New York Our estimator (with default settings) estimate monthly expenses for a single person at 1,099.90$ (119,818.54Â¥) and for four person family at 4,009.22$ (436,748.32Â¥) (without rent).",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","96_7","How much does living in Tokyo and in New York City cost ?","1 Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 92% more expensive than in Moscow. 3  Cost of living in Tokyo is about the same as in Paris. 4  Cost of living in Tokyo is 53% more expensive than in Wichita, Kansas. Cost of living in Tokyo is 20% cheaper than in New York City. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 25% cheaper than in London. 3  Cost of living in Sagamihara is 32% cheaper than in Amsterdam. 4  Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo.",4,null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo ? Is it more expensive than New York City ?","1 Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 92% more expensive than in Moscow. 3  Cost of living in Tokyo is about the same as in Paris. 4  Cost of living in Tokyo is 53% more expensive than in Wichita, Kansas. Cost of living in Tokyo is 20% cheaper than in New York City. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 25% cheaper than in London. 3  Cost of living in Sagamihara is 32% cheaper than in Amsterdam. 4  Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo.",4,"","What is the average living expense compared to New York City ?","As expected, the cities with the highest total living expenses were New York, Washington, D.C. ($88,600), Boston ($85,600) and San Francisco ($84,100). The median cost of modest living was $63,000 for a family of four living in Newaygo County, Mich., EPI said.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to NYC ?","1 Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 92% more expensive than in Moscow. 3  Cost of living in Tokyo is about the same as in Paris. 4  Cost of living in Tokyo is 53% more expensive than in Wichita, Kansas. Cost of living in Tokyo is 20% cheaper than in New York City. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 25% cheaper than in London. 3  Cost of living in Sagamihara is 32% cheaper than in Amsterdam. 4  Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo.",4,null,132,true,"96_7_MARCO_2145335","MARCO_2145335","96_7_MARCO_2145335","MARCO_2145335","96_7_MARCO_4690993","MARCO_4690993",null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","MARCO_2145335","96_7_MARCO_2145335","1 Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 92% more expensive than in Moscow. 3  Cost of living in Tokyo is about the same as in Paris. 4  Cost of living in Tokyo is 53% more expensive than in Wichita, Kansas. Cost of living in Tokyo is 20% cheaper than in New York City. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 25% cheaper than in London. 3  Cost of living in Sagamihara is 32% cheaper than in Amsterdam. 4  Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","96_7","How much does living in Tokyo and in New York City cost ?","1 Cost of living in London is 9% more expensive than in New York. 2  Cost of living in New York is 9% cheaper than in London. 3  Cost of living in Tokyo is 24% more expensive than in Des Moines. 4  Cost of living in New York is 31% more expensive than in Melbourne.",1,null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo ? Is it more expensive than New York City ?","1 Cost of living in London is 9% more expensive than in New York. 2  Cost of living in New York is 9% cheaper than in London. 3  Cost of living in Tokyo is 24% more expensive than in Des Moines. 4  Cost of living in New York is 31% more expensive than in Melbourne.",1,"","What is the average living expense compared to New York City ?","Taking all expenses into account, the cost of living in New York City is at least 68.8% higher than the national average. If you live in the city center, however, itâ€™s even worse. The cost of living in Manhattan is more than double the national average. 1",1,"","What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to NYC ?","1 Cost of living in London is 9% more expensive than in New York. 2  Cost of living in New York is 9% cheaper than in London. 3  Cost of living in Tokyo is 24% more expensive than in Des Moines. 4  Cost of living in New York is 31% more expensive than in Melbourne.",1,null,132,true,"96_7_MARCO_8333666","MARCO_8333666","96_7_MARCO_8333666","MARCO_8333666","96_7_MARCO_8483148","MARCO_8483148",null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","MARCO_8333666","96_7_MARCO_8333666","The survey assigns New York a base index number of 100 and compares the prices of goods there to the prices in other cities. Thus, Oslo, at an index of 132, is 32 percent more expensive than New York. Paris scores a 130, Copenhagen 126 and London 125. Tokyo, at 124, was the fifth costliest city.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","96_8","What 's the salary of foreign lawyers in Tokyo ?","As per the various salary surveys, the median salaries for lawyers is around USD 92,000. However, the salaries for the beginners having less experience were found to be in the â€¦ range of USD 30,000 to USD 42,000.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much do foreign lawyers in Tokyo make ?","Answers.comÂ® is making the world better one answer at a time. How much an international lawyer can make varies somewhat, according to their location, experience, education and the employer. The average annual salary for such a position is 82,750 US dollars.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much does a foreign legal firm pay in Tokyo ?","Answers.comÂ® is making the world better one answer at a time. How much an international lawyer can make varies somewhat, according to their location, experience, education and the employer. The average annual salary for such a position is 82,750 US dollars.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the salary of foreign law firms in Tokyo ?","Starting salaries for Japanese attorneys are typically around 10 million yen (US$100,000) in established law firms, and about half as much in Japanese companies. In-house counsel are still relatively rare in Japan, with only 770 of the 32,000 registered bengoshi working in corporate law departments as of January 2013.",2,null,133,false,"96_8_MARCO_1291154","MARCO_1291154","96_8_MARCO_7443789","MARCO_7443789","96_8_MARCO_7443789","MARCO_7443789",null,"What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","CAR_9b6fc9760a0a8de3f2899c94e7cb3f737293022b","96_8_CAR_9b6fc9760a0a8de3f2899c94e7cb3f737293022b","Starting salaries for Japanese attorneys are typically around 10 million yen (US$100,000) in established law firms, and about half as much in Japanese companies. In-house counsel are still relatively rare in Japan, with only 770 of the 32,000 registered bengoshi working in corporate law departments as of January 2013.",2,null,0,0,0,{"$nulls":6},0]
["What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","96_8","What 's the salary of foreign lawyers in Tokyo ?","Salary will range greatly depending on the size of the corporation or firm that an international lawyer will be employed by. For example, the BLS reported that in May 2015, a lawyer could anticipate a salary of around $175,930 if working directly for a company or enterprise. For lawyers employed by the federal executive branch, the BLS anticipated an average salary of $134,400 in May 2015.",0,null,"How much do foreign lawyers in Tokyo make ?","We wouldnâ€™t have a complete image of how much do lawyers make if we didnâ€™t include the judges/magistrates here as well. $160,336 is the median yearly pay here. The lower quarter gains an average of $157,273, while the upper one reaches an amount of $179,433.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much does a foreign legal firm pay in Tokyo ?","In 1977, Milbank, Tweed, Hadley & McCloy became the first foreign law firm to establish an office in Tokyo under its own name, amid opposition from both the Ministry of Justice and Japan Federation of Bar Associations, who viewed it as illegal for foreign lawyers to practice in Japan. Despite these protests, Milbank's office remained open through the early 1980s, and along with the office of a Hong Kong-based firm, was the only office of a foreign law firm in Japan during that time. The United States government began to view the restrictions on foreign lawyers as a trade barrier during the early 1980s, and in 1984, the Japan Federation of Bar Associations exchanged proposals with the American Bar Association regarding a new foreign lawyer registration system.",1,"","What is the salary of foreign law firms in Tokyo ?","The Tokyo office of Bingham McCutchen became one of the largest law firms in Japan by its 2007 merger with a domestic law firm headed by Hideyuki Sakai, a top insolvency specialist. Unlike most foreign firms in Japan which have minimal domestic practices, Bingham's Tokyo office was predominantly staffed by Japanese attorneys and handled domestic matters such as the restructuring of Olympus Corporation, although it hired a number of foreign attorneys since 2012 in an attempt to strengthen its outbound and cross-border practice and to expand in other legal fields such as intellectual property and investment funds.",1,null,133,false,"96_8_MARCO_5726018","MARCO_5726018","96_8_MARCO_7231808","MARCO_7231808","96_8_CAR_fa3a95f6c32b383c2227445a6b771a808c6cdfa5","CAR_fa3a95f6c32b383c2227445a6b771a808c6cdfa5",null,"What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","CAR_3b6cf6d401a4579716bdd8c4aa49ed183f95a4b1","96_8_CAR_3b6cf6d401a4579716bdd8c4aa49ed183f95a4b1","Graduates typically focus on the legal applications of business operations and salary will range greatly depending on the size of the corporation or firm that an international lawyer will be employed by. For example, the BLS reported that in May 2013 the average annual salary of a lawyer was roughly $131,990.In addition, the BLS reported that in the same year a graduate of a business law degree program could anticipate a salary of around $164,270 if working directly for a company or enterprise.raduates typically focus on the legal applications of business operations and salary will range greatly depending on the size of the corporation or firm that an international lawyer will be employed by. For example, the BLS reported that in May 2013 the average annual salary of a lawyer was roughly $131,990.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","96_8","What 's the salary of foreign lawyers in Tokyo ?","Graduates typically focus on the legal applications of business operations and salary will range greatly depending on the size of the corporation or firm that an international lawyer will be employed by. For example, the BLS reported that in May 2013 the average annual salary of a lawyer was roughly $131,990.In addition, the BLS reported that in the same year a graduate of a business law degree program could anticipate a salary of around $164,270 if working directly for a company or enterprise.raduates typically focus on the legal applications of business operations and salary will range greatly depending on the size of the corporation or firm that an international lawyer will be employed by. For example, the BLS reported that in May 2013 the average annual salary of a lawyer was roughly $131,990.",0,null,"How much do foreign lawyers in Tokyo make ?","Salary. According to the Payscale record, the mean annual lawyer salary is $81,439, which is equivalent to a mean $47.01 hourly wage. These numbers are changing pretty quickly, and thee are some differences from year to year. How Much Does a Lawyer Make a Year Depending on Their Level?",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much does a foreign legal firm pay in Tokyo ?","In 1977, Milbank became the first U.S. law firm to establish an office in Tokyo under its own name, amid opposition from both the Ministry of Justice and Japan Federation of Bar Associations, who viewed it as illegal for foreign lawyers to practice in Japan at that time. Despite these protests, Milbank's office remained open through the early 1980s and was the only office of an American law firm in Japan during that time. Restrictions on foreign law firms in Japan were eased with the introduction of the attorney at foreign law system in 1987.",1,"","What is the salary of foreign law firms in Tokyo ?","â€œAt large law firms, starting salaries of $145,000 and $135,000, and even $110,000 are common in some markets, though $160,000 is still the dominant or modal salary in large markets.â€\u009d.",0,null,133,false,"96_8_MARCO_1286425","MARCO_1286425","96_8_MARCO_7231805","MARCO_7231805","96_8_CAR_c2cd3eba0b6b167957bd71d118052881327e2eb0","CAR_c2cd3eba0b6b167957bd71d118052881327e2eb0",null,"What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","MARCO_7338515","96_8_MARCO_7338515","The Tokyo office of Bingham McCutchen became one of the largest law firms in Japan by its 2007 merger with a domestic law firm headed by Hideyuki Sakai, a top insolvency specialist. Unlike most foreign firms in Japan which have minimal domestic practices, Bingham's Tokyo office was predominantly staffed by Japanese attorneys and handled domestic matters such as the restructuring of Olympus Corporation, although it hired a number of foreign attorneys since 2012 in an attempt to strengthen its outbound and cross-border practice and to expand in other legal fields such as intellectual property and investment funds.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","97_1","Who are the Pittsburgh Steelers ' rivals ?","The Pittsburgh Steelers have three primary rivals, all within their division: (Cleveland Browns, Baltimore Ravens, and Cincinnati Bengals). They also have rivalries with other teams that arose from post-season battles in the past, most notably the New England Patriots, Oakland Raiders, Tennessee Titans and Dallas Cowboys. They also have an intrastate rivalry with the Philadelphia Eagles, but under the current scheduling the teams play each other only once every four years.",4,null,"Who are the playoff rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers ?","The Raiders–Steelers rivalry is a National Football League (NFL) rivalry between the Oakland Raiders and Pittsburgh Steelers. The bitter rivalry started with the Steelers' first playoff win over the Raiders by way of Franco Harris's Immaculate Reception on December 23, 1972. The two teams met in the playoffs for five consecutive seasons (1972–76) and is regarded as one of the most bitter rivalries in the history of professional sports. Oakland leads the series 15–13.",2,"","How are the rival NFL teams of the Steelers ?","The Raiders–Steelers rivalry is a National Football League (NFL) rivalry between the Oakland Raiders and Pittsburgh Steelers. The bitter rivalry started with the Steelers' first playoff win over the Raiders by way of Franco Harris's Immaculate Reception on December 23, 1972. The two teams met in the playoffs for five consecutive seasons (1972–76) and is regarded as one of the most bitter rivalries in the history of professional sports. Oakland leads the series 15–13.",2,"","Who are the rivals of the Steelers ?","The Pittsburgh Steelers have three primary rivals, all within their division: (Cleveland Browns, Baltimore Ravens, and Cincinnati Bengals). They also have rivalries with other teams that arose from post-season battles in the past, most notably the New England Patriots, Oakland Raiders, Tennessee Titans and Dallas Cowboys. They also have an intrastate rivalry with the Philadelphia Eagles, but under the current scheduling the teams play each other only once every four years.",4,null,134,true,"97_1_CAR_46bfb4abe57cfafd5c03c59a8131b493bc05e944","CAR_46bfb4abe57cfafd5c03c59a8131b493bc05e944","97_1_CAR_446fa8a40d7b93f2d72fa2e613426ae18e15dedc","CAR_446fa8a40d7b93f2d72fa2e613426ae18e15dedc","97_1_CAR_446fa8a40d7b93f2d72fa2e613426ae18e15dedc","CAR_446fa8a40d7b93f2d72fa2e613426ae18e15dedc",null,"Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","CAR_46bfb4abe57cfafd5c03c59a8131b493bc05e944","97_1_CAR_46bfb4abe57cfafd5c03c59a8131b493bc05e944","The Pittsburgh Steelers have three primary rivals, all within their division: (Cleveland Browns, Baltimore Ravens, and Cincinnati Bengals). They also have rivalries with other teams that arose from post-season battles in the past, most notably the New England Patriots, Oakland Raiders, Tennessee Titans and Dallas Cowboys. They also have an intrastate rivalry with the Philadelphia Eagles, but under the current scheduling the teams play each other only once every four years.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","97_1","Who are the Pittsburgh Steelers ' rivals ?","Often called the \"Turnpike Rivalry\", the Browns' main rival has long been the Pittsburgh Steelers. Though the Browns dominated this rivalry early in the series (winning the first eight matchups), the Steelers currently have the all-time edge 68–58, making it the oldest rivalry in the AFC. Former Browns owner Art Modell scheduled home games against the Steelers on Saturday night from 1964 to 1970 to help fuel the rivalry. The rivalry has been fueled by the proximity of the two teams, number of championships both teams have won, players and personnel having played and/or coached for both sides, and personal bitterness. Though the rivalry has cooled in Pittsburgh due to the Modell move (as well as the Browns having a 5–24 record against the Steelers since returning to the league in 1999), the Steelers are still top rival for Cleveland.",2,null,"Who are the playoff rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers ?","This was the era of the bitter rivalry between the Pittsburgh Steelers and Raiders. In the 1970s, the Steelers and Raiders during many of those seasons were the two best teams in the AFC and, arguably, the NFL. The Raiders regularly met the Steelers in the playoffs, and the winner of the Steelers-Raiders game went on to win the Super Bowl in 3 of those instances, from 1974 to 1976. The rivalry garnered attention in the sports media, with controversial plays, late hits, accusations and public statements.",2,"","How are the rival NFL teams of the Steelers ?","The rivalry is not quite as historic as the Bengals–Browns rivalry, however, many Bengals fans consider the Steelers to be their greatest rivals, much like Cleveland Browns fans. (Steeler fans, however, often consider the Baltimore Ravens as their top rival.) It is disputed which is the more widely bitter rivalry, but this specific rivalry is often ranked as one of the NFL's most bitter, chiefly due to the Steelers having more championships and the events of the 2005 wild card playoff game between the two teams. Similarly, these are the only two AFC North teams to experience Super Bowl losses, with each team losing two.",3,"","Who are the rivals of the Steelers ?","The Steelers–Titans rivalry is a National Football League rivalry between the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Tennessee Titans that dates back to the 1970s when the Steelers and then-Houston Oilers played in the AFC Central. The two teams were realigned into separate divisions for the 2002 NFL season, however matchups are still considered heated between the two teams.",2,null,134,true,"97_1_CAR_6e47a0dd6da34f48fc9ca54eb32b54493cf7c67a","CAR_6e47a0dd6da34f48fc9ca54eb32b54493cf7c67a","97_1_CAR_037f07984f2e3d2525f093508fba808ad2f536af","CAR_037f07984f2e3d2525f093508fba808ad2f536af","97_1_CAR_2a8db78f28294ef911dbf9e85eccc68df85e7e69","CAR_2a8db78f28294ef911dbf9e85eccc68df85e7e69",null,"Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","CAR_bb9aae0d551e04bf16106db8af537999a4f8a3ec","97_1_CAR_bb9aae0d551e04bf16106db8af537999a4f8a3ec","Often called the \"Turnpike Rivalry\", the Browns' main rival has long been the Pittsburgh Steelers. Though the Browns dominated this rivalry early in the series (winning the first eight matchups), the Steelers currently have the all-time edge 68–58, making it the oldest rivalry in the AFC. Former Browns owner Art Modell scheduled home games against the Steelers on Saturday night from 1964 to 1970 to help fuel the rivalry. The rivalry has been fueled by the proximity of the two teams, number of championships both teams have won, players and personnel having played and/or coached for both sides, and personal bitterness. Though the rivalry has cooled in Pittsburgh due to the Modell move (as well as the Browns having a 5–24 record against the Steelers since returning to the league in 1999), the Steelers are still top rival for Cleveland.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","97_1","Who are the Pittsburgh Steelers ' rivals ?","The rivalry is not quite as historic as the Bengals–Browns rivalry, however, many Bengals fans consider the Steelers to be their greatest rivals, much like Cleveland Browns fans. (Steeler fans, however, often consider the Baltimore Ravens as their top rival.) It is disputed which is the more widely bitter rivalry, but this specific rivalry is often ranked as one of the NFL's most bitter, chiefly due to the Steelers having more championships and the events of the 2005 and 2015 wild card playoff games between the two teams. The Steelers lead the series 58-35.",3,null,"Who are the playoff rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers ?","The Pittsburgh Steelers' rivalry with the Raiders has historically been very tight; as of the 2015 season the Raiders lead the rivalry 12 wins to 11, and their playoff rivalry is tied 3–3.  The rivalry was extremely intense during the 1970s. The Steelers knocked the Raiders out of the playoffs in three of four consecutive seasons in the early 1970s (the first loss was the \"Immaculate Reception\" game) until the Raiders finally beat the Steelers in the 1976 AFC Championship (and went on to win Super Bowl XI). During the 1975 AFC Championship game, Raiders strong safety George Atkinson delivered a hit on Pittsburgh wide receiver Lynn Swann that gave him a concussion. When the two teams met in the 1976 season opener, Atkinson hit Swann again and gave him another concussion. After the second incident, Steelers head coach Chuck Noll referred to Atkinson as part of the \"criminal element\" in the NFL. Atkinson filed a $2 million defamation lawsuit against Noll and the Steelers, which he lost. The two clubs' three most recent contests harkened back to the rivalry's history of bitterness and close competition.  On December 6, 2009 the 3–8 Raiders helped spoil the defending champions' quest for the playoffs as the game lead changed five times in the fourth quarter and a Louis Murphy touchdown with 11 seconds to go won it 27–24 for the Raiders.  Oakland was then beaten 35–3 by Pittsburgh on November 21, 2010; this game brought out the roughness of the rivalry's 1970s history when Steelers quarterback Ben Roethlisberger was punched by Raiders defensive end Richard Seymour following a touchdown. Most recently, on November 8, 2015 the Steelers outplayed the Raiders for a 38-35 victory.  During the game the Raiders defense allowed wide receiver Antonio Brown to catch 17 passes for 284 yards.  Both are Steelers team records and the 284 yards is the 7th most yards receiving in a game in NFL history.",2,"","How are the rival NFL teams of the Steelers ?","The rivalry is not quite as historic as the Bengals–Browns rivalry, however, many Bengals fans consider the Steelers to be their greatest rivals, much like Cleveland Browns fans. (Steeler fans, however, often consider the Baltimore Ravens as their top rival.) It is disputed which is the more widely bitter rivalry, but this specific rivalry is often ranked as one of the NFL's most bitter, chiefly due to the Steelers having more championships and the events of the 2005 and 2015 wild card playoff games between the two teams. The Steelers lead the series 58-35.",3,"","Who are the rivals of the Steelers ?","The rivalry is not quite as historic as the Bengals–Browns rivalry, however, many Bengals fans consider the Steelers to be their greatest rivals, much like Cleveland Browns fans. (Steeler fans, however, often consider the Baltimore Ravens as their top rival.) It is disputed which is the more widely bitter rivalry, but this specific rivalry is often ranked as one of the NFL's most bitter, chiefly due to the Steelers having more championships and the events of the 2005 and 2015 wild card playoff games between the two teams. The Steelers lead the series 58-35.",3,null,134,true,"97_1_CAR_4a00de6f63f6f2d4954d90e3681f4974c8ac7f79","CAR_4a00de6f63f6f2d4954d90e3681f4974c8ac7f79","97_1_CAR_9f4e06a488f700d1f37df4a42411c3a7375cd16f","CAR_9f4e06a488f700d1f37df4a42411c3a7375cd16f","97_1_CAR_4a00de6f63f6f2d4954d90e3681f4974c8ac7f79","CAR_4a00de6f63f6f2d4954d90e3681f4974c8ac7f79",null,"Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","CAR_4a00de6f63f6f2d4954d90e3681f4974c8ac7f79","97_1_CAR_4a00de6f63f6f2d4954d90e3681f4974c8ac7f79","The rivalry is not quite as historic as the Bengals–Browns rivalry, however, many Bengals fans consider the Steelers to be their greatest rivals, much like Cleveland Browns fans. (Steeler fans, however, often consider the Baltimore Ravens as their top rival.) It is disputed which is the more widely bitter rivalry, but this specific rivalry is often ranked as one of the NFL's most bitter, chiefly due to the Steelers having more championships and the events of the 2005 and 2015 wild card playoff games between the two teams. The Steelers lead the series 58-35.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","97_2","What were the top 5 Ravens versus Steelers games ?","The 2–1 Steelers hosted the 0–3 Ravens at Heinz Field for a prime-time game in Week 4 of the 2015 NFL season. With Roethlisberger injured, the Steelers started Michael Vick in the contest. The Steelers built a 20–7 lead by the third quarter, but the Ravens were able to rally and bring the game into overtime 20–20, with 13 unanswered points by the offense and two missed field goals by Steelers' kicker Josh Scobee. Ravens' kicker Justin Tucker won the game on a 52-yard field goal to give the Ravens their first win of the year, also improving the Ravens' record to 4–1 against the Steelers in overtime games. The two teams met again at M&T Bank Stadium in Week 16 for their second meeting of the season. The Ravens started Ryan Mallett in the game since Joe Flacco had suffered a season-ending injury several weeks before. Despite being big underdogs due to injuries and a subpar record, the Ravens were able to complete a sweep of the Steelers with a 20–17 victory.",4,null,"What are some famous games between the Ravens and Steelers ?","In 2010, Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin called the Ravens–Steelers rivalry the best rivalry in football during a press conference and on the ESPN show Pardon the Interruption.  Ravens head coach John Harbaugh later agreed with this assessment. The Ravens and Steelers met three times again in the 2010 NFL season, with the Ravens winning the first game and the Steelers winning the last two, including the divisional playoff game. On the opening Sunday of the 2011 NFL season, the Ravens forced seven turnovers and routed the Steelers 35–7 at M&T Bank Stadium to avenge their divisional playoff loss to the Steelers from January. During Week 9 of the season, the Steelers were on the verge of winning their game against the Ravens at Heinz Field. The Steelers were ready to potentially increase their lead with a 47-yard field goal kick by Shaun Suisham, but a five-yard delay of game penalty put them out of field goal range and they instead decided to punt the ball to the Ravens. In the end, Joe Flacco threw a 26-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Torrey Smith in the end zone with just eight seconds remaining, giving the Ravens the win and a season sweep of the Steelers. This would also be the last time Ravens linebacker Ray Lewis would play against the Steelers, as he was injured during the teams' two meetings in 2012 and retired following his win in Super Bowl XLVII.",4,"","What are some memorable football games between the Steelers and the Ravens ?","In 2010, Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin called the Ravens–Steelers rivalry the best rivalry in football during a press conference and on the ESPN show Pardon the Interruption.  Ravens head coach John Harbaugh later agreed with this assessment. The Ravens and Steelers met three times again in the 2010 NFL season, with the Ravens winning the first game and the Steelers winning the last two, including the divisional playoff game. On the opening Sunday of the 2011 NFL season, the Ravens forced seven turnovers and routed the Steelers 35–7 at M&T Bank Stadium to avenge their divisional playoff loss to the Steelers from January. During Week 9 of the season, the Steelers were on the verge of winning their game against the Ravens at Heinz Field. The Steelers were ready to potentially increase their lead with a 47-yard field goal kick by Shaun Suisham, but a five-yard delay of game penalty put them out of field goal range and they instead decided to punt the ball to the Ravens. In the end, Joe Flacco threw a 26-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Torrey Smith in the end zone with just eight seconds remaining, giving the Ravens the win and a season sweep of the Steelers. This would also be the last time Ravens linebacker Ray Lewis would play against the Steelers, as he was injured during the teams' two meetings in 2012 and retired following his win in Super Bowl XLVII.",4,"","What are notable games between Ravens versus Steelers ?","In 2009, the Ravens won their first three matches, then lost the next three, including a close match in Minnesota. The rest of the season was an uneven string of wins and losses, which included a home victory over Pittsburgh in overtime followed by a Monday Night loss in Green Bay. That game was notable for the huge number of penalties committed, costing a total of 310 yards, and almost tying with the record set by Tampa Bay and Seattle in 1976. Afterwards, the Ravens easily crushed the Lions and Bears, giving up less than ten points in both games. The next match was against the Steelers, where Baltimore lost a close one before beating the Raiders to end the season. With a record of 9–7, the team finished second in the division and gained another wild card. Moving into the playoffs, they overwhelmed the Patriots; nevertheless they did not reach the AFC Championship because they were routed 20–3 by the Colts in the divisional round a week later.",2,null,135,false,"97_2_CAR_bfbe413e78e5b57ce463e2927dbc521a451783df","CAR_bfbe413e78e5b57ce463e2927dbc521a451783df","97_2_CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de","CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de","97_2_CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de","CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de",null,"What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","CAR_64de33ef2000efea3d2ff50efcd91d3f5b9a5784","97_2_CAR_64de33ef2000efea3d2ff50efcd91d3f5b9a5784","In 2009, the Ravens won their first three matches, then lost the next three, including a close match in Minnesota. The rest of the season was an uneven string of wins and losses, which included a home victory over Pittsburgh in overtime followed by a Monday Night loss in Green Bay. That game was notable for the huge number of penalties committed, costing a total of 310 yards, and almost tying with the record set by Tampa Bay and Seattle in 1976. Afterwards, the Ravens easily crushed the Lions and Bears, giving up less than ten points in both games. The next match was against the Steelers, where Baltimore lost a close one before beating the Raiders to end the season. With a record of 9–7, the team finished second in the division and gained another wild card. Moving into the playoffs, they overwhelmed the Patriots; nevertheless they did not reach the AFC Championship because they were routed 20–3 by the Colts in the divisional round a week later.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","97_2","What were the top 5 Ravens versus Steelers games ?","Pittsburgh advanced to the Super Bowl with two close wins in the playoffs.  After a first-round bye, the Steelers defeated their division rival, the number 5 Baltimore Ravens 31–24, with Ben Roethlisberger's 58-yard completion to Antonio Brown on third down and 19 setting up Rashard Mendenhall's game winning 2-yard touchdown run with 1:33 left in the game.  Roethlisberger finished with 226 passing yards and two touchdowns, while the defense forced three turnovers and sacked Baltimore QB Joe Flacco five times, three by James Harrison.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What are some famous games between the Ravens and Steelers ?","The Ravens and Steelers first met on September 8, 1996, at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which resulted in a 31–17 win for the Steelers. Later in the 1996 NFL season, on December 1, the Ravens beat the Steelers by the same score of 31–17 at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore, Maryland. After splitting the games in their first season together, the Steelers would go on to mostly dominate the series in the early years, winning nine of thirteen meetings before the AFC Central was restructured into the AFC North in 2002.",2,"","What are some memorable football games between the Steelers and the Ravens ?","The Ravens and Steelers first met on September 8, 1996, at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which resulted in a 31–17 win for the Steelers. Later in the 1996 NFL season, on December 1, the Ravens beat the Steelers by the same score of 31–17 at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore, Maryland. After splitting the games in their first season together, the Steelers would go on to mostly dominate the series in the early years, winning nine of thirteen meetings before the AFC Central was restructured into the AFC North in 2002.",2,"","What are notable games between Ravens versus Steelers ?","In Week 2 of the 2014 NFL season, the Ravens beat the Steelers 26–6 at M&T Bank Stadium, which marked the first time since 2011 that the Steelers did not score a touchdown in a game. In Week 9, the Steelers defeated the Ravens 43–23 at Heinz Field. Unlike the typical, close games of the rivalry, each team beat the other by 20 points at their respective home fields in the season. At halftime during the Week 9 game, the Steelers retired Jersey No. 75 in honor of defensive tackle Joe Greene, who had helped lead the legendary \"Steel Curtain\" defense of the 1970s. Though the Steelers went on to win the AFC North with an 11–5 record in the 2014 season, the 10–6 Ravens would earn their first playoff victory over their rival on January 3, 2015, with a 30–17 win at Heinz Field in the Wild Card round.",3,null,135,false,"97_2_CAR_8b9eb3ef02f3bb342d587607a6da2a0dbc7c0141","CAR_8b9eb3ef02f3bb342d587607a6da2a0dbc7c0141","97_2_CAR_558ae95c446bb998add5287966d420372db3a2b5","CAR_558ae95c446bb998add5287966d420372db3a2b5","97_2_CAR_558ae95c446bb998add5287966d420372db3a2b5","CAR_558ae95c446bb998add5287966d420372db3a2b5",null,"What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","CAR_4e37344fe531ea7732c59209ad3a3491362fa876","97_2_CAR_4e37344fe531ea7732c59209ad3a3491362fa876","The Ravens-Steelers rivalry is an American football rivalry between the Baltimore Ravens and the Pittsburgh Steelers. It is widely considered to be one of the most intense rivalries in the National Football League (NFL). Both teams are members of the American Football Conference (AFC) North division, and play at least twice a year, often for divisional supremacy. Both teams are known for fielding tough, hard-hitting defensive squads, giving their games an extra element of physical intensity.",3,null,3,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},3]
["What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","97_2","What were the top 5 Ravens versus Steelers games ?","In 2010, Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin called the Ravens–Steelers rivalry the best rivalry in football during a press conference and on the ESPN show Pardon the Interruption.  Ravens head coach John Harbaugh later agreed with this assessment. The Ravens and Steelers met three times again in the 2010 NFL season, with the Ravens winning the first game and the Steelers winning the last two, including the divisional playoff game. On the opening Sunday of the 2011 NFL season, the Ravens forced seven turnovers and routed the Steelers 35–7 at M&T Bank Stadium to avenge their divisional playoff loss to the Steelers from January. During Week 9 of the season, the Steelers were on the verge of winning their game against the Ravens at Heinz Field. The Steelers were ready to potentially increase their lead with a 47-yard field goal kick by Shaun Suisham, but a five-yard delay of game penalty put them out of field goal range and they instead decided to punt the ball to the Ravens. In the end, Joe Flacco threw a 26-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Torrey Smith in the end zone with just eight seconds remaining, giving the Ravens the win and a season sweep of the Steelers. This would also be the last time Ravens linebacker Ray Lewis would play against the Steelers, as he was injured during the teams' two meetings in 2012 and retired following his win in Super Bowl XLVII.",4,null,"What are some famous games between the Ravens and Steelers ?","On October 20, 2013, at Heinz Field, the Steelers won 19–16 on a Shaun Suisham field goal as time expired after Ben Roethlisberger drove the Steelers into field goal range.  With the win, Roethlisberger continued his dominance against the Ravens by extending his record to 10–4 against them, and 7–2 since Flacco became the Ravens quarterback, including 2–0 in the playoffs. Later that year, the two teams met at M&T Bank Stadium for a prime-time match-up on Thanksgiving Day, giving the Ravens their second Thanksgiving game in three years and the Steelers their first Thanksgiving game since the infamous Jerome Bettis coin-toss fiasco in . It was also the first time the two teams played each other on Thanksgiving. The Ravens won the game 22–20 in a nail biter, preventing a last-minute 2-point conversion, and forcing a split between the rivals in the 2013 NFL season. The game also included an infamous moment when Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin interfered on the sidelines with what would have possibly been a return touchdown by Jacoby Jones, eventually resulting in a $100,000 fine.",4,"","What are some memorable football games between the Steelers and the Ravens ?","The 2–1 Steelers hosted the 0–3 Ravens at Heinz Field for a prime-time game in Week 4 of the 2015 NFL season. With Roethlisberger injured, the Steelers started Michael Vick in the contest. The Steelers built a 20–7 lead by the third quarter, but the Ravens were able to rally and bring the game into overtime 20–20, with 13 unanswered points by the offense and two missed field goals by Steelers' kicker Josh Scobee. Ravens' kicker Justin Tucker won the game on a 52-yard field goal to give the Ravens their first win of the year, also improving the Ravens' record to 4–1 against the Steelers in overtime games. The two teams met again at M&T Bank Stadium in Week 16 for their second meeting of the season. The Ravens started Ryan Mallett in the game since Joe Flacco had suffered a season-ending injury several weeks before. Despite being big underdogs due to injuries and a subpar record, the Ravens were able to complete a sweep of the Steelers with a 20–17 victory.",4,"","What are notable games between Ravens versus Steelers ?","The Ravens and Steelers first met on September 8, 1996, at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which resulted in a 31–17 win for the Steelers. Later in the 1996 NFL season, on December 1, the Ravens beat the Steelers by the same score of 31–17 at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore, Maryland. After splitting the games in their first season together, the Steelers would go on to mostly dominate the series in the early years, winning nine of thirteen meetings before the AFC Central was restructured into the AFC North in 2002.",2,null,135,false,"97_2_CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de","CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de","97_2_CAR_1590f3e8ebc3e589ef2006b1efb5c056a2af74dc","CAR_1590f3e8ebc3e589ef2006b1efb5c056a2af74dc","97_2_CAR_bfbe413e78e5b57ce463e2927dbc521a451783df","CAR_bfbe413e78e5b57ce463e2927dbc521a451783df",null,"What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","CAR_558ae95c446bb998add5287966d420372db3a2b5","97_2_CAR_558ae95c446bb998add5287966d420372db3a2b5","The Ravens and Steelers first met on September 8, 1996, at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which resulted in a 31–17 win for the Steelers. Later in the 1996 NFL season, on December 1, the Ravens beat the Steelers by the same score of 31–17 at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore, Maryland. After splitting the games in their first season together, the Steelers would go on to mostly dominate the series in the early years, winning nine of thirteen meetings before the AFC Central was restructured into the AFC North in 2002.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","97_3","What is the greatest moment in the rivalry between the Ravens and Steelers ?","One of the rivalry's most memorable moments was Ravens linebacker Terrell Suggs being quoted as saying that a \"bounty\" was put out on the head of Steelers wide receiver Hines Ward. The bounty controversy was cleared up when Suggs insisted his words were just meant as a joke. The NFL investigated, and Suggs was cleared of any wrongdoing.",4,null,"What are some truly memorable moments in the history of the Ravens and Steelers ?","One of the rivalry's most memorable moments was Ravens linebacker Terrell Suggs being quoted as saying that a \"bounty\" was put out on the head of Steelers wide receiver Hines Ward. The bounty controversy was cleared up when Suggs insisted his words were just meant as a joke. The NFL investigated, and Suggs was cleared of any wrongdoing.",4,"","What were the most interesting moments in the Steelers and Ravens past ?","One of the rivalry's most memorable moments was Ravens linebacker Terrell Suggs being quoted as saying that a \"bounty\" was put out on the head of Steelers wide receiver Hines Ward. The bounty controversy was cleared up when Suggs insisted his words were just meant as a joke. The NFL investigated, and Suggs was cleared of any wrongdoing.",4,"","What are notable games between the Ravens and Steelers ?","In 2009, the Ravens won their first three matches, then lost the next three, including a close match in Minnesota. The rest of the season was an uneven string of wins and losses, which included a home victory over Pittsburgh in overtime followed by a Monday Night loss in Green Bay. That game was notable for the huge number of penalties committed, costing a total of 310 yards, and almost tying with the record set by Tampa Bay and Seattle in 1976. Afterwards, the Ravens easily crushed the Lions and Bears, giving up less than ten points in both games. The next match was against the Steelers, where Baltimore lost a close one before beating the Raiders to end the season. With a record of 9–7, the team finished second in the division and gained another wild card. Moving into the playoffs, they overwhelmed the Patriots; nevertheless they did not reach the AFC Championship because they were routed 20–3 by the Colts in the divisional round a week later.",0,null,136,true,"97_3_CAR_e40edc84982c28e202a1e068cb6a19e0a7b86c9c","CAR_e40edc84982c28e202a1e068cb6a19e0a7b86c9c","97_3_CAR_e40edc84982c28e202a1e068cb6a19e0a7b86c9c","CAR_e40edc84982c28e202a1e068cb6a19e0a7b86c9c","97_3_CAR_e40edc84982c28e202a1e068cb6a19e0a7b86c9c","CAR_e40edc84982c28e202a1e068cb6a19e0a7b86c9c",null,"What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","CAR_64de33ef2000efea3d2ff50efcd91d3f5b9a5784","97_3_CAR_64de33ef2000efea3d2ff50efcd91d3f5b9a5784","One of the rivalry's most memorable moments was Ravens linebacker Terrell Suggs being quoted as saying that a \"bounty\" was put out on the head of Steelers wide receiver Hines Ward. The bounty controversy was cleared up when Suggs insisted his words were just meant as a joke. The NFL investigated, and Suggs was cleared of any wrongdoing.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","97_3","What is the greatest moment in the rivalry between the Ravens and Steelers ?","In 2010, Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin called the Ravens–Steelers rivalry the best rivalry in football during a press conference and on the ESPN show Pardon the Interruption.  Ravens head coach John Harbaugh later agreed with this assessment. The Ravens and Steelers met three times again in the 2010 NFL season, with the Ravens winning the first game and the Steelers winning the last two, including the divisional playoff game. On the opening Sunday of the 2011 NFL season, the Ravens forced seven turnovers and routed the Steelers 35–7 at M&T Bank Stadium to avenge their divisional playoff loss to the Steelers from January. During Week 9 of the season, the Steelers were on the verge of winning their game against the Ravens at Heinz Field. The Steelers were ready to potentially increase their lead with a 47-yard field goal kick by Shaun Suisham, but a five-yard delay of game penalty put them out of field goal range and they instead decided to punt the ball to the Ravens. In the end, Joe Flacco threw a 26-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Torrey Smith in the end zone with just eight seconds remaining, giving the Ravens the win and a season sweep of the Steelers. This would also be the last time Ravens linebacker Ray Lewis would play against the Steelers, as he was injured during the teams' two meetings in 2012 and retired following his win in Super Bowl XLVII.",4,null,"What are some truly memorable moments in the history of the Ravens and Steelers ?","2011 marked one of the most successful seasons in Baltimore Ravens franchise history. The Ravens started their campaign with a big 35–7 victory at home over their rivals the Pittsburgh Steelers. Other key victories included a 34–17 victory over the New York Jets in week three, a week six 29–14 victory over the Houston Texans, and a week nine win over the Steelers, this would be the first time since 2006 that the Ravens would sweep Pittsburgh in the AFC North division.",1,"","What were the most interesting moments in the Steelers and Ravens past ?","In 2010, Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin called the Ravens–Steelers rivalry the best rivalry in football during a press conference and on the ESPN show Pardon the Interruption.  Ravens head coach John Harbaugh later agreed with this assessment. The Ravens and Steelers met three times again in the 2010 NFL season, with the Ravens winning the first game and the Steelers winning the last two, including the divisional playoff game. On the opening Sunday of the 2011 NFL season, the Ravens forced seven turnovers and routed the Steelers 35–7 at M&T Bank Stadium to avenge their divisional playoff loss to the Steelers from January. During Week 9 of the season, the Steelers were on the verge of winning their game against the Ravens at Heinz Field. The Steelers were ready to potentially increase their lead with a 47-yard field goal kick by Shaun Suisham, but a five-yard delay of game penalty put them out of field goal range and they instead decided to punt the ball to the Ravens. In the end, Joe Flacco threw a 26-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Torrey Smith in the end zone with just eight seconds remaining, giving the Ravens the win and a season sweep of the Steelers. This would also be the last time Ravens linebacker Ray Lewis would play against the Steelers, as he was injured during the teams' two meetings in 2012 and retired following his win in Super Bowl XLVII.",4,"","What are notable games between the Ravens and Steelers ?","The Ravens and Steelers first met on September 8, 1996, at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which resulted in a 31–17 win for the Steelers. Later in the 1996 NFL season, on December 1, the Ravens beat the Steelers by the same score of 31–17 at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore, Maryland. After splitting the games in their first season together, the Steelers would go on to mostly dominate the series in the early years, winning nine of thirteen meetings before the AFC Central was restructured into the AFC North in 2002.",0,null,136,true,"97_3_CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de","CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de","97_3_CAR_28e2574843cc89d20b51ae7a1b44945e895525a0","CAR_28e2574843cc89d20b51ae7a1b44945e895525a0","97_3_CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de","CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de",null,"What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","CAR_558ae95c446bb998add5287966d420372db3a2b5","97_3_CAR_558ae95c446bb998add5287966d420372db3a2b5","The rivalry saw a rare moment of peace on September 23, 2012, when Ravens receiver Torrey Smith received news that his brother died in a motorcycle accident early in the morning. Following an inspired, two-touchdown and 127-yard performance in a 31–30 win over the New England Patriots, Smith noted that several players across the NFL, including members of the Pittsburgh Steelers, had contacted him to express their condolences. In the 2012 NFL season, the Ravens and Steelers split their games; the road team won each meeting with a Ravens win at Heinz Field and a Steelers win at M&T Bank Stadium.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","97_3","What is the greatest moment in the rivalry between the Ravens and Steelers ?","The rivalry is not quite as historic as the Bengals–Browns rivalry, however, many Bengals fans consider the Steelers to be their greatest rivals, much like Cleveland Browns fans. (Steeler fans, however, often consider the Baltimore Ravens as their top rival.) It is disputed which is the more widely bitter rivalry, but this specific rivalry is often ranked as one of the NFL's most bitter, chiefly due to the Steelers having more championships and the events of the 2005 wild card playoff game between the two teams. Similarly, these are the only two AFC North teams to experience Super Bowl losses, with each team losing two.",0,null,"What are some truly memorable moments in the history of the Ravens and Steelers ?","Even with the competitive slide of the Raiders, the games between the two clubs have still seen memorable moments. The Raiders in 2009 rallied to defeat the Steelers 27–24 in a game where the two teams combined for five touchdowns in the fourth quarter, the game lead changed hands on all five, and the game winner by future Steelers backup quarterback Bruce Gradkowski came with nine seconds to go in the fourth. A year later the Steelers routed the Raiders 35–3 in a game famous for a brawl following a sucker-punch of Steelers quarterback Ben Roethlisberger by the Raiders' Richard Seymour.",0,"","What were the most interesting moments in the Steelers and Ravens past ?","On October 20, 2013, at Heinz Field, the Steelers won 19–16 on a Shaun Suisham field goal as time expired after Ben Roethlisberger drove the Steelers into field goal range.  With the win, Roethlisberger continued his dominance against the Ravens by extending his record to 10–4 against them, and 7–2 since Flacco became the Ravens quarterback, including 2–0 in the playoffs. Later that year, the two teams met at M&T Bank Stadium for a prime-time match-up on Thanksgiving Day, giving the Ravens their second Thanksgiving game in three years and the Steelers their first Thanksgiving game since the infamous Jerome Bettis coin-toss fiasco in . It was also the first time the two teams played each other on Thanksgiving. The Ravens won the game 22–20 in a nail biter, preventing a last-minute 2-point conversion, and forcing a split between the rivals in the 2013 NFL season. The game also included an infamous moment when Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin interfered on the sidelines with what would have possibly been a return touchdown by Jacoby Jones, eventually resulting in a $100,000 fine.",4,"","What are notable games between the Ravens and Steelers ?","A notable battleground for the rivalry is the Harrisburg, Pennsylvania market area. Harrisburg is officially a secondary market for the Ravens, and so WHP-TV must show all Ravens road games (if played on Sunday afternoon). The Steelers also have a significant fan base in the area, so when the Ravens are at home, the Steelers are shown instead. The Harrisburg area also has a significant fan base for the Philadelphia Eagles, who also have Harrisburg as a secondary market (but are in the NFC as opposed to the Ravens and Steelers being in the AFC, and so the Fox affiliate usually shows the Eagles). The Colts had a number of fans in Harrisburg as well during their stay in Baltimore.",0,null,136,true,"97_3_CAR_2a8db78f28294ef911dbf9e85eccc68df85e7e69","CAR_2a8db78f28294ef911dbf9e85eccc68df85e7e69","97_3_CAR_ad61c889de1044c883852a05feff5b82810723df","CAR_ad61c889de1044c883852a05feff5b82810723df","97_3_CAR_1590f3e8ebc3e589ef2006b1efb5c056a2af74dc","CAR_1590f3e8ebc3e589ef2006b1efb5c056a2af74dc",null,"What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","CAR_d0e3651f03e7995081b822cec596ca4620428c90","97_3_CAR_d0e3651f03e7995081b822cec596ca4620428c90","In 2010, Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin called the Ravens–Steelers rivalry the best rivalry in football during a press conference and on the ESPN show Pardon the Interruption.  Ravens head coach John Harbaugh later agreed with this assessment. The Ravens and Steelers met three times again in the 2010 NFL season, with the Ravens winning the first game and the Steelers winning the last two, including the divisional playoff game. On the opening Sunday of the 2011 NFL season, the Ravens forced seven turnovers and routed the Steelers 35–7 at M&T Bank Stadium to avenge their divisional playoff loss to the Steelers from January. During Week 9 of the season, the Steelers were on the verge of winning their game against the Ravens at Heinz Field. The Steelers were ready to potentially increase their lead with a 47-yard field goal kick by Shaun Suisham, but a five-yard delay of game penalty put them out of field goal range and they instead decided to punt the ball to the Ravens. In the end, Joe Flacco threw a 26-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Torrey Smith in the end zone with just eight seconds remaining, giving the Ravens the win and a season sweep of the Steelers. This would also be the last time Ravens linebacker Ray Lewis would play against the Steelers, as he was injured during the teams' two meetings in 2012 and retired following his win in Super Bowl XLVII.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","97_4","What do you think about Polamalu 's interception in the Ravens versus Steelers game ?","In the 2010 season opener against the Atlanta Falcons, Polamalu made a possible game-saving interception with 1:45 left in the game. The Steelers went on to win in overtime. In week 13 of 2010, Polamalu made a game-changing play against the Baltimore Ravens by forcing a fumble with a sack to set up a 9-yard touchdown pass to Isaac Redman with 2:51 left to give the Steelers a 13-10 victory. In week 14 against the Cincinnati Bengals, Polamalu cut in front of intended receiver Terrell Owens to intercept a Carson Palmer pass and returned it 45 yards for a touchdown. Polamalu re-injured an ankle on this interception, but stayed in the game. He recorded another interception later in the game. He missed the next two games with an ankle injury but returned for the last game of the season against the Cleveland Browns. In that game, he intercepted Colt McCoy before being pulled from the game when the Steelers were leading by over 30 points. It gave him his 7th interception of the year.",0,null,"What was Polamalu 's interception in the Ravens vs Steelers game ?","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4,"","What did Polamalu 's interceptions mean in the game ?","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4,"","Tell me more about that Polamalu 's interception .","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4,null,137,false,"97_4_CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","97_4_CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","97_4_CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba",null,"Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","97_4_CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","97_4","What do you think about Polamalu 's interception in the Ravens versus Steelers game ?","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4,null,"What was Polamalu 's interception in the Ravens vs Steelers game ?","In the 2010 season opener against the Atlanta Falcons, Polamalu made a possible game-saving interception with 1:45 left in the game. The Steelers went on to win in overtime. In week 13 of 2010, Polamalu made a game-changing play against the Baltimore Ravens by forcing a fumble with a sack to set up a 9-yard touchdown pass to Isaac Redman with 2:51 left to give the Steelers a 13-10 victory. In week 14 against the Cincinnati Bengals, Polamalu cut in front of intended receiver Terrell Owens to intercept a Carson Palmer pass and returned it 45 yards for a touchdown. Polamalu re-injured an ankle on this interception, but stayed in the game. He recorded another interception later in the game. He missed the next two games with an ankle injury but returned for the last game of the season against the Cleveland Browns. In that game, he intercepted Colt McCoy before being pulled from the game when the Steelers were leading by over 30 points. It gave him his 7th interception of the year.",0,"","What did Polamalu 's interceptions mean in the game ?","In the 2010 season opener against the Atlanta Falcons, Polamalu made a possible game-saving interception with 1:45 left in the game. The Steelers went on to win in overtime. In week 13 of 2010, Polamalu made a game-changing play against the Baltimore Ravens by forcing a fumble with a sack to set up a 9-yard touchdown pass to Isaac Redman with 2:51 left to give the Steelers a 13-10 victory. In week 14 against the Cincinnati Bengals, Polamalu cut in front of intended receiver Terrell Owens to intercept a Carson Palmer pass and returned it 45 yards for a touchdown. Polamalu re-injured an ankle on this interception, but stayed in the game. He recorded another interception later in the game. He missed the next two games with an ankle injury but returned for the last game of the season against the Cleveland Browns. In that game, he intercepted Colt McCoy before being pulled from the game when the Steelers were leading by over 30 points. It gave him his 7th interception of the year.",0,"","Tell me more about that Polamalu 's interception .","In the 2010 season opener against the Atlanta Falcons, Polamalu made a possible game-saving interception with 1:45 left in the game. The Steelers went on to win in overtime. In week 13 of 2010, Polamalu made a game-changing play against the Baltimore Ravens by forcing a fumble with a sack to set up a 9-yard touchdown pass to Isaac Redman with 2:51 left to give the Steelers a 13-10 victory. In week 14 against the Cincinnati Bengals, Polamalu cut in front of intended receiver Terrell Owens to intercept a Carson Palmer pass and returned it 45 yards for a touchdown. Polamalu re-injured an ankle on this interception, but stayed in the game. He recorded another interception later in the game. He missed the next two games with an ankle injury but returned for the last game of the season against the Cleveland Browns. In that game, he intercepted Colt McCoy before being pulled from the game when the Steelers were leading by over 30 points. It gave him his 7th interception of the year.",0,null,137,false,"97_4_CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","97_4_CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","97_4_CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d",null,"Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","97_4_CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","The rivalry became more competitive and fierce and reached a new height of intensity during the 2008 NFL season, when the Steelers and Ravens played three times, the final match being the AFC Championship.  The Steelers won all three games, by close margins. In Week 15, the Steelers won with a controversial score late in the game.  In the playoff game, a personal foul by special teams player Daren Stone cost the Ravens 25 yards. The game's last score was an interception that was returned for a touchdown by Troy Polamalu, sealing a 23–14 victory for Pittsburgh. In that same game the Steelers' Ryan Clark delivered a concussion-inducing, but legal hit on the Ravens' Willis McGahee that left Clark briefly out cold and forced McGahee to spend the night in a Pittsburgh hospital. The Steelers went on to win Super Bowl XLIII against the Arizona Cardinals.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","97_4","What do you think about Polamalu 's interception in the Ravens versus Steelers game ?","In the third quarter, the Steelers would respond to Baltimore's score with Reed nailing a 46-yard field goal.  The Ravens would creep closer as McGahee rushed for a 1-yard touchdown.  However, in the fourth quarter, Pittsburgh pulled away as safety Troy Polamalu returned an interception 40 yards for a touchdown.  Baltimore tried to mount a comeback, but the Steelers' defense was too much to overcome.",0,null,"What was Polamalu 's interception in the Ravens vs Steelers game ?","Midway through the third quarter, Pittsburgh drove 51 yards and scored with Reed's third field goal of the game, making the score 16–7. But in the fourth quarter, the Ravens took advantage of another key special teams play when Mitch Berger's punt went just 21 yards to the Baltimore 42-yard line. Flacco then led the Ravens 58 yards, completing 4 of 4 passes for 44 yards on the way to a 1-yard touchdown run by McGahee, cutting their deficit to 16–14. Baltimore's defense subsequently forced a punt and got the ball back on their own 14-yard line with just over six minutes left in the game. But four plays later, safety Troy Polamalu intercepted a pass from Flacco, ran all the way across the field, and took off for a 40-yard touchdown return, making the score 23–14. Pittsburgh then put the game away by forcing two more turnovers on the Ravens next two drives. First, a hit by Ryan Clark on McGahee forced a fumble that was recovered by linebacker Lawrence Timmons; McGahee suffered a concussion and was removed from the field on a stretcher. Then after a punt, Tyrone Carter intercepted a pass from Flacco with less than a minute left in the game.",4,"","What did Polamalu 's interceptions mean in the game ?","Morelli officiated the AFC divisional playoff game in January  2006 between the Indianapolis Colts and Pittsburgh Steelers.  In the fourth quarter, Steelers safety Troy Polamalu intercepted a Peyton Manning pass and in the process he fumbled the ball, then recovered.  Colts head coach Tony Dungy challenged the call, and upon review on instant replay, Morelli overturned the ruling.  Following the game, Morelli said, \"He was losing it while his other leg was still on the ground. Therefore, he did not complete the catch. And then he lost the ball.\" A day after the game, the NFL released a statement confirming that Polamalu made the interception, refuting the overturn call of Morelli.  Mike Pereira, then-the league's vice president of officiating, said, \"[Polamalu] maintained possession long enough to establish a catch. Therefore, the replay review should have upheld the call on the field that it was a catch and fumble.\"",0,"","Tell me more about that Polamalu 's interception .","In the 2009 season opener against the Tennessee Titans, Polamalu recorded six tackles and one interception before getting injured while trying to recover a blocked field goal. He sustained a sprained medial collateral ligament in his left knee, and missed the next four games. He returned to play in the sixth week of the season against the Cleveland Browns.  He later reinjured himself against the Bengals. In a Sports Illustrated survey of 296 active NFL players, Polamalu was ranked the 9th \"dirtiest player\" in the NFL.",0,null,137,false,"97_4_CAR_584fbaac9d52850e8c0ab07fa0bc1c3607f9d7b5","CAR_584fbaac9d52850e8c0ab07fa0bc1c3607f9d7b5","97_4_CAR_6fb80f84a668b7a966ea68b1b223cc6466d5f101","CAR_6fb80f84a668b7a966ea68b1b223cc6466d5f101","97_4_CAR_a9f26d99e99a826231b4010ba60d04064a3553c7","CAR_a9f26d99e99a826231b4010ba60d04064a3553c7",null,"Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","CAR_9a96cd9c71d4e0caf91334c35933c4d47415e37a","97_4_CAR_9a96cd9c71d4e0caf91334c35933c4d47415e37a","Midway through the third quarter, Pittsburgh drove 51 yards and scored with Reed's third field goal of the game, making the score 16–7. But in the fourth quarter, the Ravens took advantage of another key special teams play when Mitch Berger's punt went just 21 yards to the Baltimore 42-yard line. Flacco then led the Ravens 58 yards, completing 4 of 4 passes for 44 yards on the way to a 1-yard touchdown run by McGahee, cutting their deficit to 16–14. Baltimore's defense subsequently forced a punt and got the ball back on their own 14-yard line with just over six minutes left in the game. But four plays later, safety Troy Polamalu intercepted a pass from Flacco, ran all the way across the field, and took off for a 40-yard touchdown return, making the score 23–14. Pittsburgh then put the game away by forcing two more turnovers on the Ravens next two drives. First, a hit by Ryan Clark on McGahee forced a fumble that was recovered by linebacker Lawrence Timmons; McGahee suffered a concussion and was removed from the field on a stretcher. Then after a punt, Tyrone Carter intercepted a pass from Flacco with less than a minute left in the game.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","97_5","What is your opinion about Polamalu 's pick-6 ?","Troy Polamalu was drafted 16th overall in the first round of the 2003 NFL Draft by the Pittsburgh Steelers. Polamalu was actually the team's second option at safety, as they had planned on signing Dexter Jackson that offseason.he Steelers used Polamalu in a high percentage of defensive plays in a wide variety of defensive roles. In only his third season (2005), he tied the NFL record for most sacks in a single game by a safety, achieving three sacks.",0,null,"Was Polamalu 's pick-6 impressive ?","Steelers linebacker James Harrison had three sacks, forced a fumble and recovered another. Safety Troy Polamalu was credited for an interception and an impressive leaping tackle on Kerry Collins during an attempted goal-line stand by the Steelers to win the game and improve to 2–0.",0,"","What is your opinion on Polamalu 's pick-6 ?","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4,"","How about Polamalu 's pick-6 ?","Troy Polamalu finished his college career with 278 tackles, 29 tackles for a loss, 6 interceptions, 4 blocked punts, and 3 touchdowns.",0,null,138,true,"97_5_MARCO_6448780","MARCO_6448780","97_5_CAR_a19de52f0d783e04d11cccdae6fd9eb0b61fc569","CAR_a19de52f0d783e04d11cccdae6fd9eb0b61fc569","97_5_CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba",null,"How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","CAR_3ff4aed39895a0e1f8b7cfe799711a6cb58d1d7f","97_5_CAR_3ff4aed39895a0e1f8b7cfe799711a6cb58d1d7f","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","97_5","What is your opinion about Polamalu 's pick-6 ?","Pittsburgh Steelers safety Troy Polamalu jars the ball free from Green Bay Packers quarterback Matt Flynn, and the fumble is recovered by defensive end Brett Keisel.itchell rips, Polamalu scoops up fumble. Published: Oct. 20, 2014 at 11:22 p.m. Pittsburgh Steelers safety Mike Mitchell forces a fumble against Houston Texans wide receiver DeAndre Hopkins and safety Troy Polamalu scoops it up and returns it 13 yards.",0,null,"Was Polamalu 's pick-6 impressive ?","In the 2009 season opener against the Tennessee Titans, Polamalu recorded six tackles and one interception before getting injured while trying to recover a blocked field goal. He sustained a sprained medial collateral ligament in his left knee, and missed the next four games. He returned to play in the sixth week of the season against the Cleveland Browns.  He later reinjured himself against the Bengals. In a Sports Illustrated survey of 296 active NFL players, Polamalu was ranked the 9th \"dirtiest player\" in the NFL.",0,"","What is your opinion on Polamalu 's pick-6 ?","In the 2009 season opener against the Tennessee Titans, Polamalu recorded six tackles and one interception before getting injured while trying to recover a blocked field goal. He sustained a sprained medial collateral ligament in his left knee, and missed the next four games. He returned to play in the sixth week of the season against the Cleveland Browns.  He later reinjured himself against the Bengals. In a Sports Illustrated survey of 296 active NFL players, Polamalu was ranked the 9th \"dirtiest player\" in the NFL.",0,"","How about Polamalu 's pick-6 ?","In the 2009 season opener against the Tennessee Titans, Polamalu recorded six tackles and one interception before getting injured while trying to recover a blocked field goal. He sustained a sprained medial collateral ligament in his left knee, and missed the next four games. He returned to play in the sixth week of the season against the Cleveland Browns.  He later reinjured himself against the Bengals. In a Sports Illustrated survey of 296 active NFL players, Polamalu was ranked the 9th \"dirtiest player\" in the NFL.",0,null,138,true,"97_5_MARCO_6448784","MARCO_6448784","97_5_CAR_9a96cd9c71d4e0caf91334c35933c4d47415e37a","CAR_9a96cd9c71d4e0caf91334c35933c4d47415e37a","97_5_CAR_9a96cd9c71d4e0caf91334c35933c4d47415e37a","CAR_9a96cd9c71d4e0caf91334c35933c4d47415e37a",null,"How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","CAR_9a96cd9c71d4e0caf91334c35933c4d47415e37a","97_5_CAR_9a96cd9c71d4e0caf91334c35933c4d47415e37a","In the 2010 season opener against the Atlanta Falcons, Polamalu made a possible game-saving interception with 1:45 left in the game. The Steelers went on to win in overtime. In week 13 of 2010, Polamalu made a game-changing play against the Baltimore Ravens by forcing a fumble with a sack to set up a 9-yard touchdown pass to Isaac Redman with 2:51 left to give the Steelers a 13-10 victory. In week 14 against the Cincinnati Bengals, Polamalu cut in front of intended receiver Terrell Owens to intercept a Carson Palmer pass and returned it 45 yards for a touchdown. Polamalu re-injured an ankle on this interception, but stayed in the game. He recorded another interception later in the game. He missed the next two games with an ankle injury but returned for the last game of the season against the Cleveland Browns. In that game, he intercepted Colt McCoy before being pulled from the game when the Steelers were leading by over 30 points. It gave him his 7th interception of the year.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","97_5","What is your opinion about Polamalu 's pick-6 ?","Polamalu was drafted 16th overall in the first round of the 2003 NFL Draft by the Pittsburgh Steelers. Polamalu was the team's second option at safety, as they had planned on signing Dexter Jackson that off-season. Jackson, the reigning Super Bowl MVP with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, had a verbal agreement to sign with the Steelers, only to back out at the last minute and sign with the Arizona Cardinals instead. The Steelers then drafted Polamalu.",0,null,"Was Polamalu 's pick-6 impressive ?","Troy Polamalu finished his college career with 278 tackles, 29 tackles for a loss, 6 interceptions, 4 blocked punts, and 3 touchdowns.",0,"","What is your opinion on Polamalu 's pick-6 ?","Troy Aumua Polamalu (/ËŒpoÊŠlÉ™ËˆmÉ‘Ë\u0090luË\u0090/ ; born Troy Aumua on April 19, 1981), is a retired American football strong safety who played his entire twelve-year career for the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL).he Steelers used Polamalu in a high percentage of defensive plays in a wide variety of defensive roles. In only his third season (2005), he tied the NFL record for most sacks in a single game by a safety, achieving three sacks.",0,"","How about Polamalu 's pick-6 ?","The Chiefs originally had the 16th pick in the 2003 NFL Draft. Vermeil was intent on selecting a defensive player, but felt that there were no defensive players available with their pick, and traded the pick to the Pittsburgh Steelers for the 27th pick, as well as the Steelers third and sixth round picks.  With the 16th pick, the Steelers selected Troy Polamalu from USC.  With the 27th overall pick in the 2003 NFL Draft, the Kansas City Chiefs selected running back Larry Johnson from Penn State.",0,null,138,true,"97_5_CAR_2188f62d426898907d2c131d7809a99c9dc4c887","CAR_2188f62d426898907d2c131d7809a99c9dc4c887","97_5_CAR_3ff4aed39895a0e1f8b7cfe799711a6cb58d1d7f","CAR_3ff4aed39895a0e1f8b7cfe799711a6cb58d1d7f","97_5_MARCO_6448777","MARCO_6448777",null,"How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","CAR_a87e367f0722097caffe96faa804f92a58bc1822","97_5_CAR_a87e367f0722097caffe96faa804f92a58bc1822","In the third quarter, the Steelers would respond to Baltimore's score with Reed nailing a 46-yard field goal.  The Ravens would creep closer as McGahee rushed for a 1-yard touchdown.  However, in the fourth quarter, Pittsburgh pulled away as safety Troy Polamalu returned an interception 40 yards for a touchdown.  Baltimore tried to mount a comeback, but the Steelers' defense was too much to overcome.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","97_6","What is your review of the Immaculate reception ?","The Stoned Immaculate received generally favorable reviews from contemporary music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 73, based on 16 reviews.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you tell me about the immaculate reception of Polamalu 's interception in the Ravens vs Steelers game ?","In the 2010 season opener against the Atlanta Falcons, Polamalu made a possible game-saving interception with 1:45 left in the game. The Steelers went on to win in overtime. In week 13 of 2010, Polamalu made a game-changing play against the Baltimore Ravens by forcing a fumble with a sack to set up a 9-yard touchdown pass to Isaac Redman with 2:51 left to give the Steelers a 13-10 victory. In week 14 against the Cincinnati Bengals, Polamalu cut in front of intended receiver Terrell Owens to intercept a Carson Palmer pass and returned it 45 yards for a touchdown. Polamalu re-injured an ankle on this interception, but stayed in the game. He recorded another interception later in the game. He missed the next two games with an ankle injury but returned for the last game of the season against the Cleveland Browns. In that game, he intercepted Colt McCoy before being pulled from the game when the Steelers were leading by over 30 points. It gave him his 7th interception of the year.",0,"","When and how did you see the Steelers play the Immaculate reception ?","The Immaculate Reception is one of the most famous plays in the history of American football. It occurred in the AFC divisional playoff game of the National Football League (NFL), between the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Oakland Raiders at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on December 23, 1972. With the Steelers trailing in the last 30 seconds of the game, Pittsburgh quarterback Terry Bradshaw threw a pass attempt to John Fuqua. The ball bounced off the hands of Raiders safety Jack Tatum and/or Fuqua and, as it fell toward the ground, Steelers fullback Franco Harris scooped it up and ran for a game-winning touchdown. The play has been a source of unresolved controversy and speculation ever since, as many people have contended that the ball touched either Fuqua or the ground before Harris caught it, either of which would have resulted in an incomplete pass by the rules at the time. Kevin Cook's The Last Headbangers cites the play as the beginning of a bitter rivalry between Pittsburgh and Oakland that fueled a historically brutal Raiders team during the NFL's most controversially physical era.",4,"","Tell me more about the immaculate reception by Polamalu .","Their first playoff game, against the Oakland Raiders, at Three Rivers Stadium, featured one of the best-known plays in league history: the Immaculate Reception. On 4th down from the Pittsburgh 40-yard line with 22 seconds left and trailing 7–6, Bradshaw threw a pass intended for John \"Frenchy\" Fuqua. Raiders defensive back Jack Tatum knocked it away, but it was scooped up at ankle-height before hitting the turf by Franco Harris, who took it into the end zone for the winning touchdown and a 13–7 victory. In the AFC Championship the following week, the Steelers lost 21-17 to the \"perfect\" Miami Dolphins, who finished the season 17–0. It was a disappointing finish, but it started a run of eight straight playoff appearances. Arguably the most defining and memorable play in the history of the NFL, the Immaculate Reception thrust the Steelers into its glory years of the '70s.",4,null,139,false,"97_6_CAR_9c67e5e9ba23be7f430a476544e9d03510019125","CAR_9c67e5e9ba23be7f430a476544e9d03510019125","97_6_CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","97_6_CAR_cf29312ebc9e062fec984558cf65bb601c8380bb","CAR_cf29312ebc9e062fec984558cf65bb601c8380bb",null,"Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","CAR_dab330ad7b1acf7ebd56d01c87b391d4ce2466d1","97_6_CAR_dab330ad7b1acf7ebd56d01c87b391d4ce2466d1","The Immaculate Reception is one of the most famous plays in the history of American football. It occurred in the AFC divisional playoff game of the National Football League (NFL), between the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Oakland Raiders at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on December 23, 1972. With the Steelers trailing in the last 30 seconds of the game, Pittsburgh quarterback Terry Bradshaw threw a pass attempt to John Fuqua. The ball bounced off the hands of Raiders safety Jack Tatum and/or Fuqua and, as it fell toward the ground, Steelers fullback Franco Harris scooped it up and ran for a game-winning touchdown. The play has been a source of unresolved controversy and speculation ever since, as many people have contended that the ball touched either Fuqua or the ground before Harris caught it, either of which would have resulted in an incomplete pass by the rules at the time. Kevin Cook's The Last Headbangers cites the play as the beginning of a bitter rivalry between Pittsburgh and Oakland that fueled a historically brutal Raiders team during the NFL's most controversially physical era.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","97_6","What is your review of the Immaculate reception ?","Mike Diver from the BBC News gave the box set a positive review, commenting that \"this is pop history, a document of the most powerful female force in the music industry as she began her ascent, achieved superstar status, overcame a couple of hiccups, and ultimately landed in the 00s as every fledgling pop idol's ultimate mother figure.\" He also mentioned the absence of tracks \"Into the Groove\" (only available on the 1985 reissue of Like a Virgin), \"Vogue\" (from 1990's I'm Breathless soundtrack) and \"Justify My Love\" (from 1990's The Immaculate Collection) may disappoint some fans. Robin Murray from Clash noted that while it traced \"the evolution of a pop phenomenon\", he felt it needed bonus materials. Andy Kellman from AllMusic was more ambivalent in his reception of the box set, stating that the release is more suitable for \"voracious newcomers than longtime followers\".",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you tell me about the immaculate reception of Polamalu 's interception in the Ravens vs Steelers game ?","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",0,"","When and how did you see the Steelers play the Immaculate reception ?","Harris was a key player in one of professional football's most famous plays, dubbed \"The Immaculate Reception\" by Pittsburgh sportscaster Myron Cope. In a 1972 playoff game, the Oakland Raiders were leading the Steelers 7-6 with 22 seconds to play when a Terry Bradshaw pass was deflected away from intended receiver John \"Frenchy\" Fuqua right as defender Jack Tatum arrived to tackle Fuqua. Harris snatched the ball just before it hit the ground and ran it into the endzone to win the game. The Raiders challenged the touchdown, claiming that Fuqua had handled the ball before Harris, which would invalidate the score because at that time it was against the rules for two offensive receivers to touch the ball. The Steelers maintained that the ball had touched Tatum instead. According to a recounting by the Pro Football Hall of Fame, the film of the play is inconclusive. Raiders linebacker Phil Villapiano attempted to criticize Harris's achievement by stating that he was only in position to catch the ball because he was lazy, but replays show that Harris headed downfield when the Raiders forced Bradshaw out of the pocket, and can be clearly seen running before catching the deflected ball.",4,"","Tell me more about the immaculate reception by Polamalu .","The Steelers organization still consider the Immaculate Reception the greatest moment in team history. On December 23, 2011, the 39th anniversary of the play, the team's official Facebook page posted a black and white photo of Harris running in for the touchdown to commemorate the anniversary. The Immaculate Reception was documented by NFL Network's A Football Life in 2012.",2,null,139,false,"97_6_CAR_e2e3bcb50343d92d2a6a1a70879e714c4e9ad031","CAR_e2e3bcb50343d92d2a6a1a70879e714c4e9ad031","97_6_CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","97_6_CAR_3a2d0ff00740a6d83b64864a13967070bbeff13a","CAR_3a2d0ff00740a6d83b64864a13967070bbeff13a",null,"Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","CAR_e97e9d1fcd1ed3e70ddfdf0b37ad53558dd664c5","97_6_CAR_e97e9d1fcd1ed3e70ddfdf0b37ad53558dd664c5","Steelers fullback Franco Harris scored the winning touchdown on what became known as the Immaculate Reception. In a game that was mostly dominated by defense, the contest remained scoreless throughout the entire first half.  On the opening drive of the second half, Pittsburgh drove 67 yards to take a 3-0 lead on Roy Gerela's 18-yard field goal.  Following two Raiders drives that were shut down by Jack Ham's interception and a fumble recovery by Glen Edwards,  Steelers defensive back Mike Wagner fell on a fumble by quarterback Ken Stabler (who had replaced injured starter Daryle Lamonica earlier in the game) at the Oakland 35.  Five plays later, Gerela kicked a 29-yard field goal that gave Pittsburgh a 6-0 lead in the fourth quarter.  Stabler responded by leading his team 80 yards to score on a 30-yard touchdown run with 1:13 left in the game.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","97_6","What is your review of the Immaculate reception ?","The Steelers organization still consider the Immaculate Reception the greatest moment in team history. On December 23, 2011, the 39th anniversary of the play, the team's official Facebook page posted a black and white photo of Harris running in for the touchdown to commemorate the anniversary. The Immaculate Reception was documented by NFL Network's A Football Life in 2012.",2,null,"Can you tell me about the immaculate reception of Polamalu 's interception in the Ravens vs Steelers game ?","In the third quarter, the Steelers would respond to Baltimore's score with Reed nailing a 46-yard field goal.  The Ravens would creep closer as McGahee rushed for a 1-yard touchdown.  However, in the fourth quarter, Pittsburgh pulled away as safety Troy Polamalu returned an interception 40 yards for a touchdown.  Baltimore tried to mount a comeback, but the Steelers' defense was too much to overcome.",0,"","When and how did you see the Steelers play the Immaculate reception ?","Tatum was involved in one of the most famous plays in National Football League history, the Immaculate Reception, during the AFC divisional playoff game against the Pittsburgh Steelers on December 23, 1972. With 22 seconds left in the game, Steelers quarterback Terry Bradshaw threw a pass to running back John \"Frenchy\" Fuqua. Tatum collided with Fuqua, knocking the ball into the air.  The ball fell into the hands of Steelers running back Franco Harris, who ran it 42 yards for the game-winning touchdown. The play is famous because NFL rules at the time prohibited a receiver from batting the ball to another player of the same team. The referees ruled that Tatum had touched the ball and therefore Harris's touchdown was permitted, allowing the Steelers to win the game.",4,"","Tell me more about the immaculate reception by Polamalu .","Morelli officiated the AFC divisional playoff game in January  2006 between the Indianapolis Colts and Pittsburgh Steelers.  In the fourth quarter, Steelers safety Troy Polamalu intercepted a Peyton Manning pass and in the process he fumbled the ball, then recovered.  Colts head coach Tony Dungy challenged the call, and upon review on instant replay, Morelli overturned the ruling.  Following the game, Morelli said, \"He was losing it while his other leg was still on the ground. Therefore, he did not complete the catch. And then he lost the ball.\" A day after the game, the NFL released a statement confirming that Polamalu made the interception, refuting the overturn call of Morelli.  Mike Pereira, then-the league's vice president of officiating, said, \"[Polamalu] maintained possession long enough to establish a catch. Therefore, the replay review should have upheld the call on the field that it was a catch and fumble.\"",0,null,139,false,"97_6_CAR_e97e9d1fcd1ed3e70ddfdf0b37ad53558dd664c5","CAR_e97e9d1fcd1ed3e70ddfdf0b37ad53558dd664c5","97_6_CAR_584fbaac9d52850e8c0ab07fa0bc1c3607f9d7b5","CAR_584fbaac9d52850e8c0ab07fa0bc1c3607f9d7b5","97_6_CAR_9806aac9cb16d08d2dced4239019aa3553510770","CAR_9806aac9cb16d08d2dced4239019aa3553510770",null,"Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","CAR_a9f26d99e99a826231b4010ba60d04064a3553c7","97_6_CAR_a9f26d99e99a826231b4010ba60d04064a3553c7","Sports has also been a major division at WTAE-TV. In 1972, WTAE-TV sportscaster Myron Cope, thanks to a phone call from a local female fan, introduced the phrase \"The Immaculate Reception\" to describe Franco Harris' miraculous, running shoestring catch that gave the Pittsburgh Steelers a 13–7 playoff victory over the Oakland Raiders (Cope chuckled at the woman's call, and responded, \"I'm not sure I can say that!\" Cope figured out an innocuous way to introduce the phrase on air, prefacing the remark by saying, \"It comes from a good Christian lady.\" WTAE-TV and its channel 4 logo was immortalized in the 1979 basketball comedy film The Fish That Saved Pittsburgh, whose fictional sportscaster Murray Sports (played by Harry Shearer) was also patterned after Cope. The last sports director was Andrew Stockey, who left the position in 2006 to become a news anchor. However, in 2011, he returned to head the sports department. Along with Mr. Stockey, the sports department consists of Guy Junker, Ryan Recker, and Bill Hillgrove (Steeler Insider) as of 2013.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","97_7","What happened to the Immaculate reception ?","The studio was raided by the Guards in August 1999 after they had received intelligence of \"activity involving lots of young males and loud dance music\". The authorities allowed the radio station to continue on the grounds of reasonable noise control. Cunningham caused some controversy with local religious groups after he used an image of the Virgin Mary with superimposed headphones and the slogan \"Power FM the immaculate reception\" in a poster campaign for the radio station.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Where , when , and how did the Ravens stadium get demolished ?","The first stadium at the site was built in 1922 and was called Baltimore Stadium or Venable Stadium. It hosted a variety of smaller events, most notably college football games. It became the home to the Baltimore Orioles in 1944 when the team's previous stadium in Abell burned down. In 1950, the stadium was expanded to become Memorial Stadium. At its largest, Memorial Stadium seated 65,000 fans. The Orioles played their last game at the stadium in 1991 before departing for the newly constructed Oriole Park at Camden Yards in downtown Baltimore. The Baltimore Stallions and Baltimore Ravens football teams played at Memorial Stadium between 1994 and 1997. Memorial Stadium was demolished in 2002.",0,"","Why did the Steelers stadium get destroyed ?","The stadium was entirely demolished to build an all-seater new one which was opened in September 2011.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What happened to the Ravens ' stadium ?","On December 2, 2015, the Baltimore Ravens announced a change in the surface at M&T Bank Stadium from their previous Shaw Sportexe Momentum 51 artificial turf to natural Bermuda grass for the first time since the 2001 season, by player preference for a natural surface. The field was replaced beginning on February 4, 2016, timed to be installed by the start of the Johns Hopkins lacrosse season.",0,null,140,true,"97_7_CAR_a2445ec928c421b59547f30f74bd1234bba7851c","CAR_a2445ec928c421b59547f30f74bd1234bba7851c","97_7_CAR_f7e88da780cce2c9b41bfadd6c9310d1dfa73e49","CAR_f7e88da780cce2c9b41bfadd6c9310d1dfa73e49","97_7_CAR_75df25fa782a40db2102bd1c24f28ce05bf1f641","CAR_75df25fa782a40db2102bd1c24f28ce05bf1f641",null,"What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","CAR_6eb499c2e06c99833d1f4910dc89ce39aebbbab1","97_7_CAR_6eb499c2e06c99833d1f4910dc89ce39aebbbab1","Like most stadiums demolished during this time whose replacements were located nearby (including the Civic Arena over a decade later), the site of Three Rivers Stadium mostly became a parking lot. Much like the Pittsburgh Penguins would do with the site of Civic Arena, the Steelers retained development rights to the site of Three Rivers, and would later build Stage AE on portions of the site, as well as an office building that hosts the studios for Root Sports Pittsburgh, the headquarters of StarKist Tuna, and the regional headquarters of Del Monte Foods. On December 23, 2012, on the 40th anniversary of the Immaculate Reception, the Steelers unveiled a monument at the exact spot where Franco Harris made the reception in the parking lot. In 2015, the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette moved into a new office building also built on a portion on the site after 53 years in the former Pittsburgh Press building and more than two centuries in Downtown.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","97_7","What happened to the Immaculate reception ?","For the 1978 NFL season, the rule in question regarding the forward pass was repealed. There are no longer any restrictions on any deflections of passes, and a future play that mirrored the Immaculate Reception would simply be an extraordinary but legal reception. Whether a future Franco Harris would have been ruled as catching such a deflected football before it struck the turf is a different matter, thanks to myriad cameras and use of instant replay that is part of the present-day NFL.",0,null,"Where , when , and how did the Ravens stadium get demolished ?","The Cleveland Browns relocation controversy, sometimes referred to by fans as \"The Move\", was the decision by then-Browns owner Art Modell to move the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL) from its long-time home of Cleveland to Baltimore during the 1995 NFL season. Subsequent legal actions by the city of Cleveland and Browns season ticket holders led to a compromise that saw the Browns history, records, and intellectual property remain in Cleveland, while Modell was permitted to move to Baltimore and establish the Baltimore Ravens, who are officially regarded as a 1996 expansion team. The city of Cleveland agreed to demolish Cleveland Stadium and build a new stadium on the same site, and the NFL agreed to reactivate the Browns by the 1999 season through either an expansion draft or a relocated franchise. The Browns were officially reactivated in 1998 through the expansion process and resumed play in 1999.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why did the Steelers stadium get destroyed ?","In 1993 the stadium was demolished to make way for a candle factory.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What happened to the Ravens ' stadium ?","The home stadium for the Ravens first two seasons was Baltimore's Memorial Stadium, home field of the Baltimore Colts and Baltimore Stallions years before. The Ravens moved to their own new stadium next to Camden Yards in 1998. Raven Stadium would subsequently wear the names PSI Net Stadium and then M&T Bank Stadium.",0,null,140,true,"97_7_CAR_6071d08e7ca25e825f565cbeaf8f6711bf8854f1","CAR_6071d08e7ca25e825f565cbeaf8f6711bf8854f1","97_7_CAR_6ab48e1750c2b90e7ea58151f4530039b02f11e4","CAR_6ab48e1750c2b90e7ea58151f4530039b02f11e4","97_7_CAR_0581cafd19276aeb3faf68b6605135a9ed3cc11f","CAR_0581cafd19276aeb3faf68b6605135a9ed3cc11f",null,"What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","CAR_b41f6e15c0df880b63a5849d4fc61978d65b0083","97_7_CAR_b41f6e15c0df880b63a5849d4fc61978d65b0083","After its closing, Three Rivers Stadium was imploded in 2001, and the Pirates and Steelers each moved into newly built stadiums: PNC Park and Heinz Field, respectively.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","97_7","What happened to the Immaculate reception ?","Their first playoff game, against the Oakland Raiders, at Three Rivers Stadium, featured one of the best-known plays in league history: the Immaculate Reception. On 4th down from the Pittsburgh 40-yard line with 22 seconds left and trailing 7–6, Bradshaw threw a pass intended for John \"Frenchy\" Fuqua. Raiders defensive back Jack Tatum knocked it away, but it was scooped up at ankle-height before hitting the turf by Franco Harris, who took it into the end zone for the winning touchdown and a 13–7 victory. In the AFC Championship the following week, the Steelers lost 21-17 to the \"perfect\" Miami Dolphins, who finished the season 17–0. It was a disappointing finish, but it started a run of eight straight playoff appearances. Arguably the most defining and memorable play in the history of the NFL, the Immaculate Reception thrust the Steelers into its glory years of the '70s.",0,null,"Where , when , and how did the Ravens stadium get demolished ?","In an ironic twist, a company based near Baltimore, \"Controlled Demolition\", oversaw the demolition of the RCA Dome. \"It's a little ironic that a demolition company from Baltimore had the opportunity to take down the stadium to where the Colts fled when they left Baltimore\", said Mark Loizeaux, president of Controlled Demolition and a Baltimore Ravens fan.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Why did the Steelers stadium get destroyed ?","The stadium was demolished in 1998 by the new owners (Barratt Homes), despite not receiving planning permission for their home development project.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What happened to the Ravens ' stadium ?","The Stallions of the CFL were ultimately forced out of town when Cleveland Browns owner Art Modell announced he was moving his team to Baltimore.  Following protracted negotiations between Modell, the two cities and the NFL, it was decided that Modell would be allowed to take his players and organization to Baltimore as the Ravens, while leaving the Browns name and legacy for a replacement team that returned in 1999.  The Ravens were tenants of the stadium until the end of the 1997 NFL regular season, when they moved to what is now M&T Bank Stadium. It was bid farewell in style by both the Orioles (in a field-encircling ceremony staged by many former Oriole players and hosted by Hall of Fame announcer Ernie Harwell, who began his announcing career here) and the Ravens (who had many former Colts assemble for a final play, run by Unitas).",0,null,140,true,"97_7_CAR_dab330ad7b1acf7ebd56d01c87b391d4ce2466d1","CAR_dab330ad7b1acf7ebd56d01c87b391d4ce2466d1","97_7_CAR_e46871a4c59dbbf11205a62904e03a4e8da63e94","CAR_e46871a4c59dbbf11205a62904e03a4e8da63e94","97_7_CAR_7577c3f22b23fcb82d2f60f8ea1e60a73149fc6f","CAR_7577c3f22b23fcb82d2f60f8ea1e60a73149fc6f",null,"What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","CAR_a6388aab22d7aeb4dfe186c199039cbbdd1d7ded","97_7_CAR_a6388aab22d7aeb4dfe186c199039cbbdd1d7ded","Three Rivers Stadium. Thirty Years of Stadium Rock. Three Rivers Stadium during its short 30 year existence from 1970 to 2000 hosted almost 50 major concerts and a dozen music festivals. The era of stadium rock began at Three Rivers in 1971 with a performance by Three Dog Night.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","97_8","How does the Steelers defense compare to other teams ?","The Steelers' defense tied the 1973 Los Angeles Rams record by holding 14 consecutive opponents under 300 yards of total offense. The defense finished ranked first in the league in total and passing yards given up and second in rushing yards. For the fifth time in his career Hines Ward received for over 1,000 yards throughout the season. The team's offense ranked 22nd in overall offense, 17th in passing, and 23rd in rushing. Rashard Mendenhall was the team's only rookie to start a game; the fewest rookie starts of any team in the league.",0,null,"What are the Ravens and Steelers defense strategies ?","Entering their second game of the season against Baltimore, the Steelers' defense ranked first in the league, while the Ravens' defense ranked second. \"We're going to win by any means necessary. If the defense has to score, if the special teams have to kick in a score, or if the offense has to score 50 points – whatever it takes to win,\" stated James Harrison prior to the game.",1,"","Can you tell me more about the Steelers defense tactics ?","The Pittsburgh Steelers have used the 3–4 as their base defense since 1982, the season after Hall of Fame defensive tackle Joe Greene and end L. C. Greenwood retired. In fact, the Steelers were the only NFL team to use the 3–4 defense during the 2001 NFL season, but finished the season as the number one defense in the NFL. It is believed that the Steelers success with the 3–4 defense is the primary reason why many NFL teams have started returning to the formation.",3,"","Tell me more about the Steelers defense .","The Steelers' \"Steel Curtain\" defense finished the regular season as the top rated defense in the AFC, limiting opponents to only 4,621 offensive yards. Up front, linemen Joe Greene and L.C. Greenwood terrorized opposing quarterbacks and rushers. And linebackers Jack Lambert and Jack Ham excelled at run stopping and pass coverage, combining for 8 interceptions. The Steelers also had a fine secondary, led by defensive backs Mel Blount, who recorded 3 interceptions, and Donnie Shell, who had 5.",2,null,141,false,"97_8_CAR_de5ca2bcec29356e7f8f5db16e46b11989a439af","CAR_de5ca2bcec29356e7f8f5db16e46b11989a439af","97_8_CAR_e4ab7fe0715d89d7f80a72310167fc866297cc94","CAR_e4ab7fe0715d89d7f80a72310167fc866297cc94","97_8_CAR_6acfa1301338d8771cd4f8a2fd12c7b450919eea","CAR_6acfa1301338d8771cd4f8a2fd12c7b450919eea",null,"Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","CAR_6b0afd109e6e8c982575eb5324c1c651a52f0f9f","97_8_CAR_6b0afd109e6e8c982575eb5324c1c651a52f0f9f","The Pittsburgh Steelers have used the 3–4 as their base defense since 1982, the season after Hall of Fame defensive tackle Joe Greene and end L. C. Greenwood retired. In fact, the Steelers were the only NFL team to use the 3–4 defense during the 2001 NFL season, but finished the season as the number one defense in the NFL. It is believed that the Steelers success with the 3–4 defense is the primary reason why many NFL teams have started returning to the formation.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","97_8","How does the Steelers defense compare to other teams ?","The Steelers defense ranked fourth in the NFL, giving up 284.0 total yards per game. The Pittsburgh defense was led by its linebacking corps: Joey Porter, James Farrior, Clark Haggans, and Larry Foote. Porter led all NFL linebackers with 10.5 quarterback sacks and also recorded two interceptions and a fumble recovery. Haggans tallied nine sacks and 40 tackles, while Farrior added a team-high 119 tackles to go with his two sacks and one fumble recovery. In the secondary, free safety Chris Hope led the team with three interceptions, while Pro Bowl safety Troy Polamalu, the team's top threat in the defensive backfield, notched 91 tackles, three sacks, two fumble recoveries, and two interceptions.",1,null,"What are the Ravens and Steelers defense strategies ?","The Ravens-Steelers rivalry is an American football rivalry between the Baltimore Ravens and the Pittsburgh Steelers. It is widely considered to be one of the most intense rivalries in the National Football League (NFL). Both teams are members of the American Football Conference (AFC) North division, and play at least twice a year, often for divisional supremacy. Both teams are known for fielding tough, hard-hitting defensive squads, giving their games an extra element of physical intensity.",0,"","Can you tell me more about the Steelers defense tactics ?","The Steelers' \"Steel Curtain\" defense finished the regular season as the top rated defense in the AFC, limiting opponents to only 4,621 offensive yards. Up front, linemen Joe Greene and L.C. Greenwood terrorized opposing quarterbacks and rushers. And linebackers Jack Lambert and Jack Ham excelled at run stopping and pass coverage, combining for 8 interceptions. The Steelers also had a fine secondary, led by defensive backs Mel Blount, who recorded 3 interceptions, and Donnie Shell, who had 5.",2,"","Tell me more about the Steelers defense .","The Steelers excelled on defense and led the NFL in fewest points (13.9) and yards (237.2) allowed per game, while also ranking second in sacks with 51.  Up front, their line was anchored by defensive end Aaron Smith, who recorded 60 tackles and six sacks.  Behind him two of the Steelers starting linebackers ranked among the top-ten sack leaders in the NFL, LaMarr Woodley (11.5 sacks) and Pro Bowler/NFL Defensive Player of the Year James Harrison (16 sacks).  Pro Bowl linebacker James Farrior was also a big contributor, recording 3.5 sacks and leading the team with 133 tackles.  The Steelers secondary was led by pro bowl safety Troy Polamalu, who ranked second in the NFL with a career-high seven interceptions.",4,null,141,false,"97_8_CAR_7c4367c854ed5c8a346c4f15ba183b62f19229f8","CAR_7c4367c854ed5c8a346c4f15ba183b62f19229f8","97_8_CAR_ea78f40554a9523af31bbe43de2eff1fa6879cd4","CAR_ea78f40554a9523af31bbe43de2eff1fa6879cd4","97_8_CAR_6b0afd109e6e8c982575eb5324c1c651a52f0f9f","CAR_6b0afd109e6e8c982575eb5324c1c651a52f0f9f",null,"Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","CAR_25a133bc63d5220ea2d3e2634086fdd123e2e840","97_8_CAR_25a133bc63d5220ea2d3e2634086fdd123e2e840","For the 2005 Marine operation, see Operation Steel Curtain. The Steel Curtain was the front four of the defensive line of the 1970s American football team Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL). This defense was the backbone of the Steelers dynasty, which won four Super Bowls (IX, X, XIII, and XIV), in six years.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","97_8","How does the Steelers defense compare to other teams ?","Entering their second game of the season against Baltimore, the Steelers' defense ranked first in the league, while the Ravens' defense ranked second. \"We're going to win by any means necessary. If the defense has to score, if the special teams have to kick in a score, or if the offense has to score 50 points – whatever it takes to win,\" stated James Harrison prior to the game.",1,null,"What are the Ravens and Steelers defense strategies ?","Not only did Baltimore's offense help contribute to the Steelers dropping to 4–7, the Ravens defense (anchored by the return of veteran LB Ray Lewis) was also a huge factor, as they sacked Roethlisberger nine times and forced two interceptions.",0,"","Can you tell me more about the Steelers defense tactics ?","For the 2005 Marine operation, see Operation Steel Curtain. The Steel Curtain was the front four of the defensive line of the 1970s American football team Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL). This defense was the backbone of the Steelers dynasty, which won four Super Bowls (IX, X, XIII, and XIV), in six years.",4,"","Tell me more about the Steelers defense .","For the 2005 Marine operation, see Operation Steel Curtain. The Steel Curtain was the front four of the defensive line of the 1970s American football team Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL). This defense was the backbone of the Steelers dynasty, which won four Super Bowls (IX, X, XIII, and XIV), in six years.",4,null,141,false,"97_8_CAR_e4ab7fe0715d89d7f80a72310167fc866297cc94","CAR_e4ab7fe0715d89d7f80a72310167fc866297cc94","97_8_CAR_baac72bd87bf244bf57848e7da82b9ecfd40d155","CAR_baac72bd87bf244bf57848e7da82b9ecfd40d155","97_8_MARCO_2284834","MARCO_2284834",null,"Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","MARCO_2284834","97_8_MARCO_2284834","The Steelers' \"Steel Curtain\" defense finished the regular season as the top rated defense in the AFC, limiting opponents to only 4,621 offensive yards. Up front, linemen Joe Greene and L.C. Greenwood terrorized opposing quarterbacks and rushers. And linebackers Jack Lambert and Jack Ham excelled at run stopping and pass coverage, combining for 8 interceptions. The Steelers also had a fine secondary, led by defensive backs Mel Blount, who recorded 3 interceptions, and Donnie Shell, who had 5.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the environmental cost of food production?","98_1","What is the price of food production on the environment ?","Food production is by far the largest consumer of global fresh water supplies. Globally, agriculture is responsible for an average of 70% of fresh water consumption by humans; in some countries that figure jumps to 80%-90%. Agriculture is therefore also responsible for much of fresh water over-exploitation. Food production further impacts the water sector through land degradation, changes in runoff, disruption of groundwater discharge, water quality and availability of water and land for other purposes such as natural habitat. The increased yields that have resulted from mechanization and other modern measures have come at a high energy price, as the full food and supply chain claims approximately 30% of total global energy demand. Energy fuels land preparation, fertilizer production, irrigation and the sowing, harvesting and transportation of crops. The links between food and energy have become quite apparent in recent years as increases in the price of oil lead very quickly to increases in the price of food. The energy sector can have other negative impacts on the food sector when mining for fossil fuels and deforestation for biofuels reduce land for agriculture, ecosystems and other uses.",4,null,"What is the environmental impact of food production ?","There are a number of important issues in agricultural food production. and consumption that have significant impacts on the environment and human health. such as soil bio diversity, desertification, water use and water pollution, energy, climate. change, chemicals, food safety and biotechnology.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"How is the environment affected by food production ?","There are a number of important issues in agricultural food production. and consumption that have significant impacts on the environment and human health. such as soil bio diversity, desertification, water use and water pollution, energy, climate. change, chemicals, food safety and biotechnology.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What is the environmental cost of food production ?","Feeding more than six billion human bodies takes a heavy toll on the Earth’s resources. This begins with the appropriation of about 38% of the Earth’s land surface and about 20% of its net primary productivity. Added to this are the resource-hungry activities of industrial agribusiness – everything from the crop need for irrigation water, synthetic fertilizers and pesticides to the resource costs of food packaging, transport (now a major part of global trade) and retail. Food is essential to life. But the list of environmental costs of food production is a long one: topsoil depletion, erosion and conversion to desert from constant tillage of annual crops; overgrazing; salinization; sodification; waterlogging; high levels of fossil fuel use; reliance on inorganic fertilisers and synthetic organic pesticides; reductions in genetic diversity by the mass use of monocultures; water resource depletion; pollution of waterbodies by run-off and groundwater contamination; social problems including the decline of family farms and weakening of rural communities.",4,null,142,true,"98_1_CAR_bafd3d0b22ffabc09a9873c1631a49a9d66a2e33","CAR_bafd3d0b22ffabc09a9873c1631a49a9d66a2e33","98_1_MARCO_7112782","MARCO_7112782","98_1_MARCO_7112782","MARCO_7112782",null,"What is the environmental cost of food production?","CAR_fc0c849722e98d83316c518c1be9ab456e351925","98_1_CAR_fc0c849722e98d83316c518c1be9ab456e351925","Feeding more than six billion human bodies takes a heavy toll on the Earth’s resources. This begins with the appropriation of about 38% of the Earth’s land surface and about 20% of its net primary productivity. Added to this are the resource-hungry activities of industrial agribusiness – everything from the crop need for irrigation water, synthetic fertilizers and pesticides to the resource costs of food packaging, transport (now a major part of global trade) and retail. Food is essential to life. But the list of environmental costs of food production is a long one: topsoil depletion, erosion and conversion to desert from constant tillage of annual crops; overgrazing; salinization; sodification; waterlogging; high levels of fossil fuel use; reliance on inorganic fertilisers and synthetic organic pesticides; reductions in genetic diversity by the mass use of monocultures; water resource depletion; pollution of waterbodies by run-off and groundwater contamination; social problems including the decline of family farms and weakening of rural communities.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the environmental cost of food production?","98_1","What is the price of food production on the environment ?","In 2014 Daniel Öhman again in cooperation with Bo Goran Bodin was awarded The Prix Europa for their documentary \"The Insider\", which revealed that the Ericsson corporation had used bribery to secure a defense contract in Greece. Before that Daniel Öhman worked on a three year long investigation of the Food Industry and the environment called \"The price of food\" (Matens Pris). The investigation received several awards and was later turned into a book: \"Matens Pris\".",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the environmental impact of food production ?","The agriculture/food sector is a big source environmental impacts that occur throughout the lifetime of a product, from farm to table to disposal.  Life-cycle thinking works to reduce these impacts at all stages of food production. Nutrition, health, well being, cultural identity and lifestyle are also factors that should be addressed when looking at the impacts of choices made in food production to ensure decreases in emissions and environmental impact do not occur at the expense of consumer wellbeing.",1,"","How is the environment affected by food production ?","Human impact on the environment. A growing human population demands increased food production. Farmers try to meet that demand by intensive farming, using fertilisers and pesticides that are negatively impacting the environment.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What is the environmental cost of food production ?","All that waste has environmental costs, the report says. Food production accounts for 80% of the country's fresh water consumption, but the waste of food means 25% of the fresh water is actually wasted. And wasted food rotting in landfills accounts for 25% of U.S. methane emissions.",3,null,142,true,"98_1_CAR_b00971ea2faef3725aa024494049f63d3f142049","CAR_b00971ea2faef3725aa024494049f63d3f142049","98_1_CAR_28e590e774ae9a37b66e643a03d9e9ef77cac0b9","CAR_28e590e774ae9a37b66e643a03d9e9ef77cac0b9","98_1_MARCO_8512023","MARCO_8512023",null,"What is the environmental cost of food production?","MARCO_701414","98_1_MARCO_701414","All that waste has environmental costs, the report says. Food production accounts for 80% of the country's fresh water consumption, but the waste of food means 25% of the fresh water is actually wasted. And wasted food rotting in landfills accounts for 25% of U.S. methane emissions.ll that waste has environmental costs, the report says. Food production accounts for 80% of the country's fresh water consumption, but the waste of food means 25% of the fresh water is actually wasted. And wasted food rotting in landfills accounts for 25% of U.S. methane emissions.",3,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What is the environmental cost of food production?","98_1","What is the price of food production on the environment ?","Effects of Food Production on the Environment. Factory farming reduced the amount of land needed for meat production, however, these farms are a serious air and water pollutant. The waste of these animals ends up in the nature and poses a constant risk of drinking water contamination and seriously affects the air quality of the nearby areas.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What is the environmental impact of food production ?","Environmental degradation and losses of cropland and biodiversity threaten food production. The report analyses the impact of ecocide on agricultural yield and the food system and calls for sustainable investments along with policy regulation of the food market.",0,"","How is the environment affected by food production ?","Environmental degradation and losses of cropland and biodiversity threaten food production. The report analyses the impact of ecocide on agricultural yield and the food system and calls for sustainable investments along with policy regulation of the food market.",0,"","What is the environmental cost of food production ?","All that waste has environmental costs, the report says. Food production accounts for 80% of the country's fresh water consumption, but the waste of food means 25% of the fresh water is actually wasted. And wasted food rotting in landfills accounts for 25% of U.S. methane emissions.ll that waste has environmental costs, the report says. Food production accounts for 80% of the country's fresh water consumption, but the waste of food means 25% of the fresh water is actually wasted. And wasted food rotting in landfills accounts for 25% of U.S. methane emissions.",3,null,142,true,"98_1_MARCO_7112776","MARCO_7112776","98_1_MARCO_7651984","MARCO_7651984","98_1_MARCO_7651984","MARCO_7651984",null,"What is the environmental cost of food production?","MARCO_3814316","98_1_MARCO_3814316","Agriculture, as implemented through the method of farming, imposes external costs upon society through pesticides, nutrient runoff, excessive water usage, loss of natural environment and assorted other problems. A 2000 assessment of agriculture in the UK determined total external costs for 1996 of £2,343 million, or £208 per hectare. A 2005 analysis of these costs in the USA concluded that cropland imposes approximately $5 to 16 billion ($30 to $96 per hectare), while livestock production imposes $714 million. Both studies, which focused solely on the fiscal impacts, concluded that more should be done to internalize external costs. Neither included subsidies in their analysis, but they noted that subsidies also influence the cost of agriculture to society. In 2010, the International Resource Panel of the United Nations Environment Programme published a report assessing the environmental impacts of consumption and production. The study found that agriculture and food consumption are two of the most important drivers of environmental pressures, particularly habitat change, climate change, water use and toxic emissions. The 2011 UNEP Green Economy report states that \"[a]gricultural operations, excluding land use changes, produce approximately 13 per cent of anthropogenic global GHG emissions. This includes GHGs emitted by the use of inorganic fertilisers agro-chemical pesticides and herbicides; (GHG emissions resulting from production of these inputs are included in industrial emissions); and fossil fuel-energy inputs. \"On average we find that the total amount of fresh residues from agricultural and forestry production for second- generation biofuel production amounts to 3.8 billion tonnes per year between 2011 and 2050 (with an average annual growth rate of 11 per cent throughout the period analysed, accounting for higher growth during early years, 48 per cent for 2011–2020 and an average 2 per cent annual expansion after 2020).\"",3,null,4,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},4]
["Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","98_2","How much does the meat industry use ?","Meat quality issues cost the pork industry $200 million annually in the US. Of this total, the incidence of PSE meat accounts for a decline in profits by approximately $0.90 per pig.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much is used for meat production and preparation ?","Considerable water use is associated with meat production, mostly because of water used in production of vegetation that provides feed.  There are several published estimates of water use associated with livestock and meat production, but the amount of water use assignable to such  production is seldom estimated.  For example, “green water” use is evapotranspirational use of soil water that has been provided directly by precipitation; and “green water” has been estimated to account for 94% of global beef cattle production’s “water footprint”, and on rangeland, as much as 99.5% of the water use associated with beef production is “green water”.  However, it  would be misleading  simply to assign that associated rangeland green water use to beef production, partly because that evapotranspirational use occurs even in the absence of cattle. Even when cattle are present, most of that associated water use can be considered assignable to production of terrestrial environmental values, because it produces root and residue biomass important for erosion control, stabilization of soil structure, nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, support of numerous primary consumers, many of  which support higher trophic levels, etc.  Withdrawn water (from surface and groundwater sources) is used for livestock watering, and in some cases is also used for irrigation of forage and feed crops.  Whereas all irrigation in the US (including loss in conveyance) is estimated to account for about 38% of US withdrawn freshwater use, irrigation water for production of livestock feed and forage has been estimated to account for about 9%; other withdrawn freshwater use for the livestock sector (for drinking, washdown of facilities, etc.) is estimated at about 0.7%.  Because of the preponderance of non-meat products from the livestock sector only some fraction of this water use is assignable to meat production.",3,"","Does meat production really need that much of an impact on the environment ?","The monoculture system associated with subsidized large-scale production has been implicated as a contributory factor in Colony Collapse Disorder which has affected bee populations.  Bee pollination is an essential ecosystem service essential for the production of many varieties of fruits and vegetables.  Subsidies often go towards subsidising meat production which has other nutritional and environmental implications; and it has been found that out of the $200Bn subsidies to subsidise crops from 1995–2010 around two thirds of this went to animal feed, tobacco and cotton production. On the other hand, farmers producing fruits and vegetables received no direct subsidies.  The environmental impact of meat production is high due to the resource and energy requirements that go into production of feed for livestock throughout their lifespan, for example, a kilogram of beef uses about 60 times as much water as an equivalent amount of potato. The subsidies contribute to meat consumption by allowing for an artificially low cost of meat products.",4,"","How much water is used for meat production ?","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",4,null,143,false,"98_2_CAR_a97849e5331d1af7ed2215d660541075a9c3c680","CAR_a97849e5331d1af7ed2215d660541075a9c3c680","98_2_CAR_8a1e4178d0cce6741cfbe9904e4f53bd6a88a42c","CAR_8a1e4178d0cce6741cfbe9904e4f53bd6a88a42c","98_2_CAR_fcc4997f3ff49ab883bb19bb3601320100d7e614","CAR_fcc4997f3ff49ab883bb19bb3601320100d7e614",null,"Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","MARCO_4364866","98_2_MARCO_4364866","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","98_2","How much does the meat industry use ?","One kilogram of beef requires seven kilograms of feed grain. These reports, therefore, conclude that usage in industrial, feed, and input intensive foods, not population growth among poor consumers of simple grains, has contributed to the price increases.  Rising meat consumption due to changes in lifestyle can in turn lead to higher energy consumption due to the higher energy-intensity of meat products, for example, one kilogram of meat uses about 19 times as much energy to produce it as the same amount of apple.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much is used for meat production and preparation ?","The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs. Chocolate tops the list with 17,196 litres of water need to produce 1kg of the product. Beef, sheep and pork meat all require high volumes of water for production also. Tea, beer and wine use the least according to the list. Compared to the production of meat, vegetable foodstuffs require considerably less water - 1kg of potatoes for example uses 287 litres of water. Look at the table below to see how much water is required to produce a selection of common foodstuffs.",0,"","Does meat production really need that much of an impact on the environment ?","Changes in demand for meat may change the environmental impact of meat production by influencing how much meat is produced. It has been estimated that global meat consumption may double from 2000 to 2050, mostly as a consequence of increasing world population, but also partly because of increased per capita meat consumption (with much of the per capita consumption increase occurring in the developing world). Global production and consumption of poultry meat have recently been growing at more than 5 percent annually. Trends vary among livestock sectors. For example, global per capita consumption of pork has increased recently (almost entirely due to changes in consumption within China), while global per capita consumption of ruminant meats has been declining.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much water is used for meat production ?","Considerable water use is associated with meat production, mostly because of water used in production of vegetation that provides feed.  There are several published estimates of water use associated with livestock and meat production, but the amount of water use assignable to such  production is seldom estimated.  For example, “green water” use is evapotranspirational use of soil water that has been provided directly by precipitation; and “green water” has been estimated to account for 94% of global beef cattle production’s “water footprint”, and on rangeland, as much as 99.5% of the water use associated with beef production is “green water”.  However, it  would be misleading  simply to assign that associated rangeland green water use to beef production, partly because that evapotranspirational use occurs even in the absence of cattle. Even when cattle are present, most of that associated water use can be considered assignable to production of terrestrial environmental values, because it produces root and residue biomass important for erosion control, stabilization of soil structure, nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, support of numerous primary consumers, many of  which support higher trophic levels, etc.  Withdrawn water (from surface and groundwater sources) is used for livestock watering, and in some cases is also used for irrigation of forage and feed crops.  Whereas all irrigation in the US (including loss in conveyance) is estimated to account for about 38% of US withdrawn freshwater use, irrigation water for production of livestock feed and forage has been estimated to account for about 9%; other withdrawn freshwater use for the livestock sector (for drinking, washdown of facilities, etc.) is estimated at about 0.7%.  Because of the preponderance of non-meat products from the livestock sector only some fraction of this water use is assignable to meat production.",3,null,143,false,"98_2_CAR_b9afde7ef1d02fe9af39d7d6e2efcca797684d5c","CAR_b9afde7ef1d02fe9af39d7d6e2efcca797684d5c","98_2_MARCO_1406009","MARCO_1406009","98_2_CAR_064b21bfb1e7b3859816103975df850cb4aa3c14","CAR_064b21bfb1e7b3859816103975df850cb4aa3c14",null,"Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","CAR_8a1e4178d0cce6741cfbe9904e4f53bd6a88a42c","98_2_CAR_8a1e4178d0cce6741cfbe9904e4f53bd6a88a42c","Considerable water use is associated with meat production, mostly because of water used in production of vegetation that provides feed.  There are several published estimates of water use associated with livestock and meat production, but the amount of water use assignable to such  production is seldom estimated.  For example, “green water” use is evapotranspirational use of soil water that has been provided directly by precipitation; and “green water” has been estimated to account for 94% of global beef cattle production’s “water footprint”, and on rangeland, as much as 99.5% of the water use associated with beef production is “green water”.  However, it  would be misleading  simply to assign that associated rangeland green water use to beef production, partly because that evapotranspirational use occurs even in the absence of cattle. Even when cattle are present, most of that associated water use can be considered assignable to production of terrestrial environmental values, because it produces root and residue biomass important for erosion control, stabilization of soil structure, nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, support of numerous primary consumers, many of  which support higher trophic levels, etc.  Withdrawn water (from surface and groundwater sources) is used for livestock watering, and in some cases is also used for irrigation of forage and feed crops.  Whereas all irrigation in the US (including loss in conveyance) is estimated to account for about 38% of US withdrawn freshwater use, irrigation water for production of livestock feed and forage has been estimated to account for about 9%; other withdrawn freshwater use for the livestock sector (for drinking, washdown of facilities, etc.) is estimated at about 0.7%.  Because of the preponderance of non-meat products from the livestock sector only some fraction of this water use is assignable to meat production.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","98_2","How much does the meat industry use ?","A study by researchers at Oxford and the University of Amsterdam found that cultured meat  was \"potentially ... much more efficient and environmentally-friendly\", generating only 4% greenhouse gas emissions, reducing the energy needs of meat generation by up to 45%, and requiring only 2% of the land that the global meat/livestock industry does. The patent holder Willem van Eelen, the journalist Brendan I. Koerner, and Hanna Tuomisto, a PhD student from Oxford University all believe it has less environmental impact. This is in contrast to cattle farming, \"responsible for 18% of greenhouse gases\" and causing more damage to the environment than the combined effects of the world's transportation system. Vertical farming may completely eliminate the need to create extra farmland in rural areas along with cultured meat . Their combined role may create a sustainable solution for a cleaner environment.",0,null,"How much is used for meat production and preparation ?","ActivaÂ® RM can be sprinkled on dry as a powder. It can be mixed into a slurry with 4 parts water. It can also be added directly into ground meat mixtures. It is safe and easy to use. Typical usage is 0.75 1.0% of formula weight. The Home package contains enough TG Preparation for 12-15 lbs. of product.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Does meat production really need that much of an impact on the environment ?","Considerable water use is associated with meat production, mostly because of water used in production of vegetation that provides feed.  There are several published estimates of water use associated with livestock and meat production, but the amount of water use assignable to such  production is seldom estimated.  For example, “green water” use is evapotranspirational use of soil water that has been provided directly by precipitation; and “green water” has been estimated to account for 94% of global beef cattle production’s “water footprint”, and on rangeland, as much as 99.5% of the water use associated with beef production is “green water”.  However, it  would be misleading  simply to assign that associated rangeland green water use to beef production, partly because that evapotranspirational use occurs even in the absence of cattle. Even when cattle are present, most of that associated water use can be considered assignable to production of terrestrial environmental values, because it produces root and residue biomass important for erosion control, stabilization of soil structure, nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, support of numerous primary consumers, many of  which support higher trophic levels, etc.  Withdrawn water (from surface and groundwater sources) is used for livestock watering, and in some cases is also used for irrigation of forage and feed crops.  Whereas all irrigation in the US (including loss in conveyance) is estimated to account for about 38% of US withdrawn freshwater use, irrigation water for production of livestock feed and forage has been estimated to account for about 9%; other withdrawn freshwater use for the livestock sector (for drinking, washdown of facilities, etc.) is estimated at about 0.7%.  Because of the preponderance of non-meat products from the livestock sector only some fraction of this water use is assignable to meat production.",3,"","How much water is used for meat production ?","Grain-fed beef production takes 100,000 liters of water for every kilogram of food. Raising broiler chickens takes 3,500 liters of water to make a kilogram of meat. In comparison, soybean production uses 2,000 liters for kilogram of food produced; rice, 1,912; wheat, 900; and potatoes, 500 liters.",4,null,143,false,"98_2_CAR_b55d5c5176d8ab67a7c3426753724ab73240e369","CAR_b55d5c5176d8ab67a7c3426753724ab73240e369","98_2_MARCO_3003772","MARCO_3003772","98_2_CAR_8a1e4178d0cce6741cfbe9904e4f53bd6a88a42c","CAR_8a1e4178d0cce6741cfbe9904e4f53bd6a88a42c",null,"Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","MARCO_6017753","98_2_MARCO_6017753","Animals that feed on grain or rely on grazing require more water than grain crops. Produce 1 kg of meat requires up to 15,000 liters of water. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), growing crops for farm animals requires nearly half of the US water supply and 80% of its agricultural land. Animals raised for food in the US consume 90% of the soy crop, 80% of the corn crop, and 70% of its grain. However, where an extensive farming system (as opposed to a feedlot) is used, some water and nutrients are returned to the soil to provide a benefit to the pasture. This cycling and processing of water and nutrients is less prevalent in most plant production systems, so may bring the efficiency rate of animal production closer to the efficiency of plant based agricultural systems.  In tracking food animal production from the feed through to the dinner table, the inefficiencies of meat, milk, and egg production range from a 4:1 energy input to protein output ratio up to 54:1. The result is that producing animal-based food is typically much less efficient than the harvesting of grains, vegetables, legumes, seeds, and fruits.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","98_3","Which needs more , meat or vegetables ?","Some argue from an environmental perspective that the developed world needs to moderate its appetite for animal meat. Rearing animal protein food uses significantly more water, land, and energy than that of fruit and vegetables. For example, producing one kilo of pork can create over 31 times as much carbon dioxide as the same amount of weight of potatoes. European food consumption and production is estimated to account for 20-30% of the European Union's total environmental impact.",3,null,"Do vegetables need less than meat ?","It can also be used to show that consuming different foods may increase the earth's ability to support larger populations. To illustrate, producing meat generally requires more land and energy than what producing vegetables requires; sustaining a meat-based diet would require a less populated planet.",0,"","How much more is used to produce meat than vegetables ?","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",3,"","How much less water is used for vegetables in food production ?","Tea, beer and wine use the least according to the list. Compared to the production of meat, vegetable foodstuffs require considerably less water - 1kg of potatoes for example uses 287 litres of water. Look at the table below to see how much water is required to produce a selection of common foodstuffs.",0,null,144,true,"98_3_CAR_bb48e86ee037a761d9106fd97e3393583cdb01bb","CAR_bb48e86ee037a761d9106fd97e3393583cdb01bb","98_3_CAR_837fdea70918605232963a3c15c87100b6a711b4","CAR_837fdea70918605232963a3c15c87100b6a711b4","98_3_MARCO_4364866","MARCO_4364866",null,"How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","MARCO_4364869","98_3_MARCO_4364869","The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs. Chocolate tops the list with 17,196 litres of water need to produce 1kg of the product. Beef, sheep and pork meat all require high volumes of water for production also. Tea, beer and wine use the least according to the list. Compared to the production of meat, vegetable foodstuffs require considerably less water - 1kg of potatoes for example uses 287 litres of water. Look at the table below to see how much water is required to produce a selection of common foodstuffs.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","98_3","Which needs more , meat or vegetables ?","It can also be used to show that consuming different foods may increase the earth's ability to support larger populations. To illustrate, producing meat generally requires more land and energy than what producing vegetables requires; sustaining a meat-based diet would require a less populated planet.",0,null,"Do vegetables need less than meat ?","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",3,"","How much more is used to produce meat than vegetables ?","Some argue from an environmental perspective that the developed world needs to moderate its appetite for animal meat. Rearing animal protein food uses significantly more water, land, and energy than that of fruit and vegetables. For example, producing one kilo of pork can create over 31 times as much carbon dioxide as the same amount of weight of potatoes. European food consumption and production is estimated to account for 20-30% of the European Union's total environmental impact.",3,"","How much less water is used for vegetables in food production ?","The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs. Chocolate tops the list with 17,196 litres of water need to produce 1kg of the product. Beef, sheep and pork meat all require high volumes of water for production also. Tea, beer and wine use the least according to the list. Compared to the production of meat, vegetable foodstuffs require considerably less water - 1kg of potatoes for example uses 287 litres of water. Look at the table below to see how much water is required to produce a selection of common foodstuffs.",0,null,144,true,"98_3_CAR_837fdea70918605232963a3c15c87100b6a711b4","CAR_837fdea70918605232963a3c15c87100b6a711b4","98_3_MARCO_4364866","MARCO_4364866","98_3_CAR_bb48e86ee037a761d9106fd97e3393583cdb01bb","CAR_bb48e86ee037a761d9106fd97e3393583cdb01bb",null,"How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","MARCO_1406009","98_3_MARCO_1406009","Tea, beer and wine use the least according to the list. Compared to the production of meat, vegetable foodstuffs require considerably less water - 1kg of potatoes for example uses 287 litres of water. Look at the table below to see how much water is required to produce a selection of common foodstuffs.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","98_3","Which needs more , meat or vegetables ?","Around fifty years ago, the common perception was that water was an infinite resource. At that time, there were fewer than half the current number of people on the planet. People were not as wealthy as today, consumed fewer calories and ate less meat, so less water was needed to produce their food. They required a third of the volume of water we presently take from rivers. Today, the competition for water resources is much more intense. This is because there are now seven billion people on the planet, their consumption of water-thirsty meat and vegetables is rising, and there is increasing competition for water from industry, urbanisation biofuel crops, and water reliant food items. In the future, even more water will be needed to produce food because the Earth's population is forecast to rise to 9 billion by 2050. An additional 2.5 or 3 billion people, choosing to eat fewer cereals and more meat and vegetables could add an additional five million kilometres to the virtual canal mentioned above.",0,null,"Do vegetables need less than meat ?","Some argue from an environmental perspective that the developed world needs to moderate its appetite for animal meat. Rearing animal protein food uses significantly more water, land, and energy than that of fruit and vegetables. For example, producing one kilo of pork can create over 31 times as much carbon dioxide as the same amount of weight of potatoes. European food consumption and production is estimated to account for 20-30% of the European Union's total environmental impact.",3,"","How much more is used to produce meat than vegetables ?","The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs. Chocolate tops the list with 17,196 litres of water need to produce 1kg of the product. Beef, sheep and pork meat all require high volumes of water for production also. Tea, beer and wine use the least according to the list. Compared to the production of meat, vegetable foodstuffs require considerably less water - 1kg of potatoes for example uses 287 litres of water. Look at the table below to see how much water is required to produce a selection of common foodstuffs.",0,"","How much less water is used for vegetables in food production ?","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",3,null,144,true,"98_3_CAR_d7b6254136a39531dae8a972e57e720339dc7a21","CAR_d7b6254136a39531dae8a972e57e720339dc7a21","98_3_CAR_bb48e86ee037a761d9106fd97e3393583cdb01bb","CAR_bb48e86ee037a761d9106fd97e3393583cdb01bb","98_3_MARCO_1406009","MARCO_1406009",null,"How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","MARCO_4364866","98_3_MARCO_4364866","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","98_4","What are the advantages of vegetarianism ?","The advantages of a vegetarian diet: Protein: While vegetarian diets meet protein requirements, they are typically lower in total intake of protein than non-vegetarian diets. This can be more beneficial than a meat diet as excessively high protein intake has been linked to osteoporosis and kidney failure.",0,null,"What are the benefits of vegetarians ?","There are many benefits to a vegetarian diet, including: less obesity, reduced risk of chronic disease, improved longevity, reduced risk of food-borne diseases, lower intakes of environmental contaminants, improved nutritional intakes, and higher bone density. Protein â€“ you donâ€™t need as much as you might think. Excess protein, especially animal protein can contribute to heart disease, stroke, colorectal cancer, and osteoporosis. Protein rich plant foods bring us unique benefits not found in meat. They provide protective phytochemicals found only in plant foods such as soy.",0,"","How does vegetarian diet help the environment ?","â€œYou canâ€™t just assume that a vegetarian diet will reduce your carbon footprint, which is what people think,â€\u009d Fischbeck said. The Carnegie Mellon paper was funded by the Colcom Foundation and the Steinbrenner Institute for Environmental Education and Research at Carnegie Mellon University.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the benefits of being vegetarian ?","There are many benefits to a vegetarian diet, including: less obesity, reduced risk of chronic disease, improved longevity, reduced risk of food-borne diseases, lower intakes of environmental contaminants, improved nutritional intakes, and higher bone density. Protein â€“ you donâ€™t need as much as you might think. Excess protein, especially animal protein can contribute to heart disease, stroke, colorectal cancer, and osteoporosis. Protein rich plant foods bring us unique benefits not found in meat. They provide protective phytochemicals found only in plant foods such as soy.",0,null,145,false,"98_4_MARCO_5297886","MARCO_5297886","98_4_MARCO_2666780","MARCO_2666780","98_4_MARCO_4354162","MARCO_4354162",null,"What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","MARCO_2666780","98_4_MARCO_2666780","Becoming vegetarian 'can harm the environment'. Adopting a vegetarian diet based around meat substitutes such as tofu can cause more damage to the environment, according to a new study. It has often been claimed that avoiding red meat is beneficial to the environment, because it lowers emissions and less land is used to produce alternatives.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","98_4","What are the advantages of vegetarianism ?","Although you might miss eating meat when you start a vegetarian diet, the benefits of vegetarianism can outweigh the disadvantages. Being aware of the pros and cons of a vegetarian diet can help you make the healthiest decisions if you try to follow one. Pro: Better Weight Control.",0,null,"What are the benefits of vegetarians ?","What are the benefits of vegetarian diet? â€“ Brings a lower intake of toxins in the body. What are the disadvantages of a vegetarian diet? Quality proteins (such as those found in animal products such as meat, fish, eggs, milk, chicken) are not found in plant products and the body can not synthesize itself.",0,"","How does vegetarian diet help the environment ?","Environmental vegetarianism can be compared with economic vegetarianism. An economic vegetarian is someone who practices vegetarianism either out of necessity or because of a conscious simple living strategy. Such a person may base this belief on a philosophical viewpoint, such as the belief that the consumption of meat is economically unsound or that vegetarianism will help improve public health and curb starvation.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the benefits of being vegetarian ?","What are the benefits of vegetarian diet? â€“ Brings a lower intake of toxins in the body. What are the disadvantages of a vegetarian diet? Quality proteins (such as those found in animal products such as meat, fish, eggs, milk, chicken) are not found in plant products and the body can not synthesize itself.",0,null,145,false,"98_4_MARCO_2064822","MARCO_2064822","98_4_MARCO_2064821","MARCO_2064821","98_4_CAR_2fba7dbd21bcad1b72917abbe9d18ddb92a7838e","CAR_2fba7dbd21bcad1b72917abbe9d18ddb92a7838e",null,"What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","MARCO_2064821","98_4_MARCO_2064821","Attempting vegetarianism or veganism is definitely one of the best things you can do for the environment and also for your health. 1  Meatless Monday is a national non-profit public health campaign that encourages people to give up meat one day a week.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","98_4","What are the advantages of vegetarianism ?","Vegetarians Lack. Both vegetarian and non-vegetarian diets have advantages. Both vegetarian and non-vegetarian diets have advantages. Vegetarian diets tend to be rich in antioxidants, certain vitamins, and healthy fats. Non-vegetarian diets, by contrast, tend to contain more protein, iron, zinc, calcium, and vitamin B-12.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the benefits of vegetarians ?","Health Benefits of a Vegetarian Diet-It is nourishing and provides you with vitamins and energy; - It is a cleansing diet; - It makes your body fit; - Lower rates (on a â€¦ verage) of obesity, heart disease, high cholesterol, and cancer.",0,"","How does vegetarian diet help the environment ?","There are many benefits to a vegetarian diet, including: less obesity, reduced risk of chronic disease, improved longevity, reduced risk of food-borne diseases, lower intakes of environmental contaminants, improved nutritional intakes, and higher bone density. Protein â€“ you donâ€™t need as much as you might think. Excess protein, especially animal protein can contribute to heart disease, stroke, colorectal cancer, and osteoporosis. Protein rich plant foods bring us unique benefits not found in meat. They provide protective phytochemicals found only in plant foods such as soy.",0,null,"What are the benefits of being vegetarian ?","Health Benefits of a Vegetarian Diet-It is nourishing and provides you with vitamins and energy; - It is a cleansing diet; - It makes your body fit; - Lower rates (on a â€¦ verage) of obesity, heart disease, high cholesterol, and cancer.",0,null,145,false,"98_4_MARCO_4233036","MARCO_4233036","98_4_MARCO_1023835","MARCO_1023835","98_4_MARCO_2666780","MARCO_2666780",null,"What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","MARCO_1023835","98_4_MARCO_1023835","Attempting vegetarianism or veganism is definitely one of the best things you can do for the environment and also for your health. 1  Meatless Monday is a national non-profit public health campaign that encourages people to give up meat one day a week. 2  Visit the site for some meatless recipes.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","98_5","Is vegetarianism healthy ?","Vegetarian diets can be very healthy and may even lower the risk of heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, and cancer. However, eating a balanced diet when you are vegetarian usually requires a little extra attention.",1,null,"How bad is being a vegetarian ?","How being vegetarian does more harm to the environment than eating meat. It is a claim that could put a dent in the green credentials of vegetarians: Meat-free diets can be bad for the planet. Environmental activists and vegetarians have long taken pleasure in telling those who enjoy a steak that livestock farming is a major source of harmful greenhouse gases.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the health implications of a vegetarian diet ?","Adopting a vegetarian diet can be a fantastic entry into experiencing better health. A vegetarian diet is associated with a higher consumption of fiber, folic acid, vitamins C and E, magnesium, unsaturated fat, and countless phytochemicals. This often results in vegetarians having lower cholesterol, being thinner, having lower blood pressure, and reduced risk of heart disease.",0,"","Are there any health concerns about being vegetarian ?","Common Concerns. Some people still worry about whether a vegetarian diet can provide all essential nutrients. However, it is very easy to have a well-balanced diet with vegetarian foods, since these foods provide plenty of protein. Careful combining of foods is not necessary.",1,null,146,true,"98_5_MARCO_5033294","MARCO_5033294","98_5_MARCO_1386144","MARCO_1386144","98_5_MARCO_8689666","MARCO_8689666",null,"Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","MARCO_8689662","98_5_MARCO_8689662","In some cases, iron and zinc status of vegans may also be of concern because of the limited bioavailability of these minerals. There are concerns about the bioavailability of iron from plant foods, assumed by some researchers to be 5–15% compared to 18% from a nonvegetarian diet. Iron deficiency anaemia is found as often in nonvegetarians as in vegetarians, though studies have shown vegetarians' iron stores to be lower.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","98_5","Is vegetarianism healthy ?","A healthy vegetarian diet is high in plenty of nutrient-dense foods, such as fruits, vegetables, healthy fats and whole grains, and often low in saturated fat, cholesterol and sodium. However, nutritional deficiencies might still occur, and supplementation will be necessary.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How bad is being a vegetarian ?","Switching from British-bred beef and lamb to imported meat substitutes such as tofu increases the need for cultivated land. It is a claim that could put a dent in the green credentials of vegetarians: Meat-free diets can be bad for the planet.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the health implications of a vegetarian diet ?","As a result, they're likely to have lower total and LDL (bad) cholesterol, lower blood pressure, and lower body mass index (BMI), all of which are associated with longevity and a reduced risk for many chronic diseases. But there still aren't enough data to say exactly how a vegetarian diet influences long-term health.",0,"","Are there any health concerns about being vegetarian ?","A vegetarian diet can be perfectly healthy; in fact, a vegetarian or vegan diet can improve digestion and skin tone, give you more energy and help you lose weight. But many vegetarians and vegans don't realize that their diets could be lacking in vital nutrients, vitamins and minerals. If you follow a vegetarian diet, you could be at risk of developing health problems including chronic fatigue, lowered immune response and even malnutrition.",4,null,146,true,"98_5_MARCO_123273","MARCO_123273","98_5_MARCO_1386138","MARCO_1386138","98_5_MARCO_5531312","MARCO_5531312",null,"Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","MARCO_2428017","98_5_MARCO_2428017","A vegetarian diet can be perfectly healthy; in fact, a vegetarian or vegan diet can improve digestion and skin tone, give you more energy and help you lose weight. But many vegetarians and vegans don't realize that their diets could be lacking in vital nutrients, vitamins and minerals. If you follow a vegetarian diet, you could be at risk of developing health problems including chronic fatigue, lowered immune response and even malnutrition.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","98_5","Is vegetarianism healthy ?","Vegetarianism and Nutrition. A meatless diet can be healthy, but vegetarians -- especially vegans -- need to make sure they're getting enough vitamin B12, calcium, iron, and zinc. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics warns of the risk of vitamin B12 deficiencies in vegetarians and vegans.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"How bad is being a vegetarian ?","Lettuce is â€˜three times worse than bacon' for emissions and vegetarian diets could be bad for environment. Common vegetables â€˜require more resources per calorieâ€™ than many people realise, according to a team of scientists at the prestigious Carnegie Mellon University. Click to follow. The Independent Online.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the health implications of a vegetarian diet ?","In summary there is evidence that a vegetarian diet protects against cardio-vascular disease, particularly heart disease, and there may be some health benefits related to diabetes and colon cancer. Evidence is lacking, however, for any benefits related to other cancers, other conditions, or mortality rates.he take home message is that there may be health benefits to being a vegetarian, but these may be due mostly to eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, limiting alcohol consumption and not smoking.",0,"","Are there any health concerns about being vegetarian ?","In some cases, iron and zinc status of vegans may also be of concern because of the limited bioavailability of these minerals. There are concerns about the bioavailability of iron from plant foods, assumed by some researchers to be 5–15% compared to 18% from a nonvegetarian diet. Iron deficiency anaemia is found as often in nonvegetarians as in vegetarians, though studies have shown vegetarians' iron stores to be lower.",4,null,146,true,"98_5_MARCO_3324055","MARCO_3324055","98_5_MARCO_1386145","MARCO_1386145","98_5_MARCO_6313455","MARCO_6313455",null,"Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","CAR_b0373129ec01c89f8a9c28d8b6f616b39847abc9","98_5_CAR_b0373129ec01c89f8a9c28d8b6f616b39847abc9","Common Concerns. Some people still worry about whether a vegetarian diet can provide all essential nutrients. However, it is very easy to have a well-balanced diet with vegetarian foods, since these foods provide plenty of protein. Careful combining of foods is not necessary.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","98_6","How do vegetarians get their proteins ? What do they eat ?","â€“ Katie*. Getting enough protein isn't tough with a well-planned vegetarian diet, especially if you include eggs and dairy. It's when a vegetarian diet isn't planned at all that nutrition trouble can start. All too often people give up eating meat but end up eating more carbohydrates and snacks. Look for alternative sources of protein, including beans (kidney beans, chickpeas, lentils, etc.), nuts, soy, and low-fat dairy products.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What are the best proteins for vegetarians ?","Let us take a look at some of the richest and best vegetarian suppliers for protein: Soy. Soy or Soybeans are a great protein source that can be found in different foods such peanut butter and soy milk. Research shows that simply 1 cup of soybean can supply up to 29 grams of protein, which is at par with that of chicken breast (a non-vegetarian protein source). Soybean likewise helps in conserving the calcium content in the body, tones up the bones, and reduces the LDL â€˜badâ€™ cholesterol levels in the blood.",2,"","What provides vegetarians with protein ?","Almonds have low fat content and are a great source of protein-rich food for vegetarians. Peanuts are a high source of protein as well with 8 grams of protein. Peanut butter is also a good source of proteins and provides us with 8 grams of protein per 30 grams. The only downside with protein is that it is high in fats, so add to your diet in moderation.",3,"","What are vegetarians ' sources of proteins ?","Almonds have low fat content and are a great source of protein-rich food for vegetarians. Peanuts are a high source of protein as well with 8 grams of protein. Peanut butter is also a good source of proteins and provides us with 8 grams of protein per 30 grams. The only downside with protein is that it is high in fats, so add to your diet in moderation.",3,null,147,false,"98_6_MARCO_4378055","MARCO_4378055","98_6_MARCO_8126881","MARCO_8126881","98_6_MARCO_7546745","MARCO_7546745",null,"What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","MARCO_7546745","98_6_MARCO_7546745","Almonds have low fat content and are a great source of protein-rich food for vegetarians. Peanuts are a high source of protein as well with 8 grams of protein. Peanut butter is also a good source of proteins and provides us with 8 grams of protein per 30 grams. The only downside with protein is that it is high in fats, so add to your diet in moderation.",3,null,4,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},4]
["What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","98_6","How do vegetarians get their proteins ? What do they eat ?","Current recommendations are that vegetarians eat a wide variety of foods during the course of a day. Eggs and dairy products are good sources of protein, but also try nuts, peanut butter, tofu, beans, seeds, soy milk, grains, cereals, and vegetables to get all the protein your body needs.",4,null,"What are the best proteins for vegetarians ?","Protein-Packed Vegetarian Recipes. Vegetarians need protein, too, and weâ€™ve collected some of our best high-protein vegetarian recipes for breakfast, lunch and dinner. Meat-free proteins are easy to prepare, making them ideal for every diet, any day of the week. These recipes focus on beans, tofu, tempeh and whole grains and pulses to create satisfying, full-flavored meals.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What provides vegetarians with protein ?","Let us take a look at some of the richest and best vegetarian suppliers for protein: Soy. Soy or Soybeans are a great protein source that can be found in different foods such peanut butter and soy milk. Research shows that simply 1 cup of soybean can supply up to 29 grams of protein, which is at par with that of chicken breast (a non-vegetarian protein source). Soybean likewise helps in conserving the calcium content in the body, tones up the bones, and reduces the LDL â€˜badâ€™ cholesterol levels in the blood.",2,"","What are vegetarians ' sources of proteins ?","Vegetarian Protein Sources. If you follow a vegetarian or vegan diet, get your protein from a variety of sources to ensure sufficient intake of the indispensible amino acids. Plant sources of protein include beans, soy, lentils, nuts and seeds.",3,null,147,false,"98_6_MARCO_153415","MARCO_153415","98_6_MARCO_7310491","MARCO_7310491","98_6_MARCO_8126881","MARCO_8126881",null,"What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","MARCO_4145781","98_6_MARCO_4145781","Let us take a look at some of the richest and best vegetarian suppliers for protein: Soy. Soy or Soybeans are a great protein source that can be found in different foods such peanut butter and soy milk. Research shows that simply 1 cup of soybean can supply up to 29 grams of protein, which is at par with that of chicken breast (a non-vegetarian protein source). Soybean likewise helps in conserving the calcium content in the body, tones up the bones, and reduces the LDL â€˜badâ€™ cholesterol levels in the blood.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},2,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","98_6","How do vegetarians get their proteins ? What do they eat ?","For this reason, most vegetarians proteins are referred to as incomplete proteins. However, eating combinations of legumes, nuts and whole grains throughout the day provides you with all the amino acids you need. Soybeans are one of the few vegetarian foods that contain all the essential amino acids.",3,null,"What are the best proteins for vegetarians ?","BBC Good Food examines the best sources of protein for vegetarians and how to keep yourself fuelled up with nutritious protein-packed fruit, veg, eggs and pulses. Protein is a key part of a healthy diet. It used to be the obsession of body-builders and gym fanatics alone, but now lots of us are keen to ensure we are eating enough.",3,"","What provides vegetarians with protein ?","Protein-Packed Vegetarian Recipes. Vegetarians need protein, too, and weâ€™ve collected some of our best high-protein vegetarian recipes for breakfast, lunch and dinner. Meat-free proteins are easy to prepare, making them ideal for every diet, any day of the week. These recipes focus on beans, tofu, tempeh and whole grains and pulses to create satisfying, full-flavored meals.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What are vegetarians ' sources of proteins ?","Let us take a look at some of the richest and best vegetarian suppliers for protein: Soy. Soy or Soybeans are a great protein source that can be found in different foods such peanut butter and soy milk. Research shows that simply 1 cup of soybean can supply up to 29 grams of protein, which is at par with that of chicken breast (a non-vegetarian protein source). Soybean likewise helps in conserving the calcium content in the body, tones up the bones, and reduces the LDL â€˜badâ€™ cholesterol levels in the blood.",2,null,147,false,"98_6_MARCO_8039569","MARCO_8039569","98_6_MARCO_8126876","MARCO_8126876","98_6_MARCO_7310491","MARCO_7310491",null,"What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","MARCO_8126881","98_6_MARCO_8126881","Vegetarian Protein Sources. If you follow a vegetarian or vegan diet, get your protein from a variety of sources to ensure sufficient intake of the indispensible amino acids. Plant sources of protein include beans, soy, lentils, nuts and seeds.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},2]
["Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","98_7","Can you teach me recipes made with almonds ?","Almond cookies, Chinese almond biscuits, and Italian ricciarelli are made with almonds.",0,null,"Can you suggest some recipes using almonds ?","Almond flour works very well for practically all cake and muffin recipes, pancakes and some cookie recipes, too. It can also be used to make pastry tart shells for sweet or savory dishes. The only types of dessert which do not lend themselves well to the use of almond flour are yeasted or bread-based recipes.o convert any regular baked recipes to low-carb using almond flour, experiment by simply replacing the volume of flour in the recipe with the same volume of almond flour. Use slightly more raising agent than the recipe suggests, allowing for the heavier weight of the almond flour.",3,"","What are some ways to cook Almonds ?","Almonds make a nutritious snack or addition to recipes. An ounce of almonds contains 35 percent of your recommended daily allowance of vitamin E, plus healthy fiber and protein. Roasting brings out the flavor of nuts. You can roast almonds quickly in your microwave, with or without additional fat. Eat roasted almonds as a snack, add to salads, main dishes, use as a topping for vegetables or mix into baked goods.",1,"","Can you show me recipes with almonds ?","Almond flour works very well for practically all cake and muffin recipes, pancakes and some cookie recipes, too. It can also be used to make pastry tart shells for sweet or savory dishes. The only types of dessert which do not lend themselves well to the use of almond flour are yeasted or bread-based recipes.o convert any regular baked recipes to low-carb using almond flour, experiment by simply replacing the volume of flour in the recipe with the same volume of almond flour. Use slightly more raising agent than the recipe suggests, allowing for the heavier weight of the almond flour.",3,null,148,true,"98_7_CAR_f33e44ff00ad9ce8eb21c27061279dddcbc15455","CAR_f33e44ff00ad9ce8eb21c27061279dddcbc15455","98_7_MARCO_688016","MARCO_688016","98_7_MARCO_7403037","MARCO_7403037",null,"Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","MARCO_688016","98_7_MARCO_688016","Almond-Covered Cheddar Cheese Ball. There are a good handful of ingredients in this cashew-based recipe that appear to create a magical amalgam because the result is a cheddar-esque spreadable thatâ€™s actually sharp. Get the full recipe at Vegedout.",3,2,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","98_7","Can you teach me recipes made with almonds ?","Almond flour works very well for practically all cake and muffin recipes, pancakes and some cookie recipes, too. It can also be used to make pastry tart shells for sweet or savory dishes. The only types of dessert which do not lend themselves well to the use of almond flour are yeasted or bread-based recipes.o convert any regular baked recipes to low-carb using almond flour, experiment by simply replacing the volume of flour in the recipe with the same volume of almond flour. Use slightly more raising agent than the recipe suggests, allowing for the heavier weight of the almond flour.",3,null,"Can you suggest some recipes using almonds ?","Almond Breakfast Smoothie. If you love almonds youâ€™re going to love this one, which features complex carbohydrates, plant-based protein, and healthy fats all in one glass. Oats, protein powder, almonds, and almond milk give this recipe everything you need in a healthy meal replacement smoothie. Find the recipe here: ifoodreal.",1,"","What are some ways to cook Almonds ?","While the almond is often eaten on its own, raw or toasted, it is also a component of various dishes. Almonds are available in many forms, such as whole, sliced (flaked, slivered), and as flour. Almonds yield almond oil and can also be made into almond butter or almond milk. These products can be used in both sweet and savoury dishes.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Can you show me recipes with almonds ?","You can also take advantage of almonds nutrition by making some of these healthy and easy recipes: 1  Almond Berry Cereal Recipe â€” Conventional cereal can be full of refined sugar! Instead, try this almond berry cereal recipe. 2  Dark Chocolate Almond Butter Recipe â€” This recipe is an amazing addition to any snack.",0,null,148,true,"98_7_MARCO_688016","MARCO_688016","98_7_MARCO_1591773","MARCO_1591773","98_7_CAR_b113a5548948535428a2b1dd7805f461a6ea829b","CAR_b113a5548948535428a2b1dd7805f461a6ea829b",null,"Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","MARCO_4904992","98_7_MARCO_4904992","Almond flour works very well for practically all cake and muffin recipes, pancakes and some cookie recipes, too. It can also be used to make pastry tart shells for sweet or savory dishes. The only types of dessert which do not lend themselves well to the use of almond flour are yeasted or bread-based recipes.o convert any regular baked recipes to low-carb using almond flour, experiment by simply replacing the volume of flour in the recipe with the same volume of almond flour. Use slightly more raising agent than the recipe suggests, allowing for the heavier weight of the almond flour.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","98_7","Can you teach me recipes made with almonds ?","You can also take advantage of almonds nutrition by making some of these healthy and easy recipes: 1  Almond Berry Cereal Recipe â€” Conventional cereal can be full of refined sugar! Instead, try this almond berry cereal recipe. 2  Dark Chocolate Almond Butter Recipe â€” This recipe is an amazing addition to any snack.",0,null,"Can you suggest some recipes using almonds ?","You can also take advantage of almonds nutrition by making some of these healthy and easy recipes: 1  Almond Berry Cereal Recipe â€” Conventional cereal can be full of refined sugar! Instead, try this almond berry cereal recipe. 2  Dark Chocolate Almond Butter Recipe â€” This recipe is an amazing addition to any snack.",0,"","What are some ways to cook Almonds ?","Contrary to the Raw Food movement, most recipes call for the almonds to be boiled, prior to soaking. As well, many recipes call for almond milk made from roasted almonds. Many prefer almond milk made from roasted rather than raw almonds, since it yields a slightly richer flavor.",0,"","Can you show me recipes with almonds ?","Almond Breakfast Smoothie. If you love almonds youâ€™re going to love this one, which features complex carbohydrates, plant-based protein, and healthy fats all in one glass. Oats, protein powder, almonds, and almond milk give this recipe everything you need in a healthy meal replacement smoothie. Find the recipe here: ifoodreal.",1,null,148,true,"98_7_MARCO_4904992","MARCO_4904992","98_7_MARCO_4904992","MARCO_4904992","98_7_MARCO_8447844","MARCO_8447844",null,"Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","MARCO_1591773","98_7_MARCO_1591773","Almonds may be eaten raw, blanched, or roasted and are commonly used in confectionery baking. In Europe almonds are used to make marzipan, a sweet paste used in pastries and candy, and in Asia almonds are often used in meat, poultry, fish, and vegetarian dishes. While more than 25 types of almonds are grown in California, Marcona and Valencia almonds come from Spain, and ferragnes are imported from Greece.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do you make almond flour?","98_8","How can you make the flour from almonds ?","Preparation. You can make your own almond flour by first blanching the almonds. Place whole almonds in a bowl and cover them with boiling water. Let the almonds sit in the water for about one minute. If you leave the almonds in the water too long, they become soft. Place the almonds in a strainer and rinse them off.",1,null,"How is the flour in the recipes made ?","Self-rising flour can be made from all-purpose flour. Recipes for this type of flour vary, but the method is simple. Just add a whole unit of baking powder and a half unit of salt to the plain flour. Combining all the elements/ingredients will result in self-rising flour.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some ways to make the flour at home from almonds ?","Make your own almond flour. You can make almond flour, of course, by grinding almonds in a food processor-but be careful not to over-process or you'll end up with almond butter (admittedly tasty but not applicable in recipes calling for almond flour)!",3,"","How do you make the flour from almonds ?","Preparation. You can make your own almond flour by first blanching the almonds. Place whole almonds in a bowl and cover them with boiling water. Let the almonds sit in the water for about one minute. If you leave the almonds in the water too long, they become soft. Place the almonds in a strainer and rinse them off.",1,null,149,false,"98_8_MARCO_631069","MARCO_631069","98_8_MARCO_7853756","MARCO_7853756","98_8_MARCO_5716595","MARCO_5716595",null,"How do you make almond flour?","MARCO_631069","98_8_MARCO_631069","Preparation. You can make your own almond flour by first blanching the almonds. Place whole almonds in a bowl and cover them with boiling water. Let the almonds sit in the water for about one minute. If you leave the almonds in the water too long, they become soft. Place the almonds in a strainer and rinse them off.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do you make almond flour?","98_8","How can you make the flour from almonds ?","Make your own almond flour. You can make almond flour, of course, by grinding almonds in a food processor-but be careful not to over-process or you'll end up with almond butter (admittedly tasty but not applicable in recipes calling for almond flour)!",3,null,"How is the flour in the recipes made ?","How to make your own self-rising flour: If your recipe only calls for 1 cup self-rising flour, use the following formula: Add 1 1/2 teaspoons baking powder to 1 cup all-purpose flour. If the recipe does not call for salt, add 1/2 teaspoon salt.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some ways to make the flour at home from almonds ?","Almond Flour. Dehydrating or lightly baking almond pulp until dry produces a delicious almond flour that can be used in any recipe that calls for the store-version. Once dry, you may want to re-process the flour to remove any clumps, and produce a finer flour. Store in an airtight jar.",3,"","How do you make the flour from almonds ?","Make your own almond flour. You can make almond flour, of course, by grinding almonds in a food processor-but be careful not to over-process or you'll end up with almond butter (admittedly tasty but not applicable in recipes calling for almond flour)!",3,null,149,false,"98_8_MARCO_5716595","MARCO_5716595","98_8_MARCO_2834636","MARCO_2834636","98_8_MARCO_3079935","MARCO_3079935",null,"How do you make almond flour?","MARCO_5716595","98_8_MARCO_5716595","Make your own almond flour. You can make almond flour, of course, by grinding almonds in a food processor-but be careful not to over-process or you'll end up with almond butter (admittedly tasty but not applicable in recipes calling for almond flour)!",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How do you make almond flour?","98_8","How can you make the flour from almonds ?","Answers. Best Answer: Almond flour is just ground up almonds. You can probably use regular flour, but if you have a lot of ground almonds, you can use a blender, or coffee grinder to make them into a almond meal.Check out the website below to read about almond flour, and how it's made.ou can probably use regular flour, but if you have a lot of ground almonds, you can use a blender, or coffee grinder to make them into a almond meal.",0,null,"How is the flour in the recipes made ?","This flour can also be used to replace corn starch (use 2 tablespoons tapioca flour for each 1 tablespoon corn starch). Teff Flour. Whole-Wheat Flour (Low Gluten) - Also called graham flour. It is made from the whole kernel of wheat and is higher in dietary fiber and overall nutrient content than white flours.hen making yeast bread recipes, there is not enough gluten in barley flour to properly develop the bread, and it is recommended swapping only one quarter of all-purpose flour for barley flour in yeast bread recipes. Great in quick breads and pancakes. Bread Flour is white flour made from hard, high-protein wheat.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some ways to make the flour at home from almonds ?","Almond flour or almond meal is simply almonds that a ground down to varying fineness. While frequently seen in cake recipes such as moist and chewy friands and financier, it is also used as a sauce thickener and can be used as a crumb coating, as in breadcrumbs.Blanched almond meal or flour has had the almond skins removed so is pale yellow-white in colour.oconut flour is also high in manganese, vitamin C and thiamine. Differing from almond meal, coconut flour can actually absorb moisture in baked goods, while almond flour introduces extra moisture. Many food writers recommend using double the amount of eggs a recipe requires while reducing the amount of flour.",3,"","How do you make the flour from almonds ?","Almond Flour. Dehydrating or lightly baking almond pulp until dry produces a delicious almond flour that can be used in any recipe that calls for the store-version. Once dry, you may want to re-process the flour to remove any clumps, and produce a finer flour. Store in an airtight jar.",3,null,149,false,"98_8_MARCO_688008","MARCO_688008","98_8_MARCO_6223512","MARCO_6223512","98_8_MARCO_688009","MARCO_688009",null,"How do you make almond flour?","MARCO_3079935","98_8_MARCO_3079935","Answers. Best Answer: Almond flour is just ground up almonds. You can probably use regular flour, but if you have a lot of ground almonds, you can use a blender, or coffee grinder to make them into a almond meal.Check out the website below to read about almond flour, and how it's made.ou can probably use regular flour, but if you have a lot of ground almonds, you can use a blender, or coffee grinder to make them into a almond meal.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is high blood carbon dioxide?","99_1","What is a buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream ?","Hypercapnia. Hypercapnia. An abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood is known as hypercapnia.(high-per-KAP-nee-ah) hyper-means excessive, capn means carbon dioxide, and-ia means abnormal condition.",3,null,"What happens if there 's an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood ?","An increase of carbon dioxide in the blood causes a decrease in pH which results in a reduced affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. This effect facilitates oxygen transport as hemoglobin binds to oxygen in the lungs, but then releases it in the tissues, particularly those tissues in most need of oxygen.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What occurs if your blood has too much carbon dioxide ?","Symptoms For High Carbon Dioxide Level in Blood. The symptoms associated with high blood carbon dioxide levels include increased blood pressure, rapid pulse, rubor (redness), muscle twitches, headache, chest-pain, confusion, and fatigue.",0,"","What is high blood carbon dioxide ?","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately. Medications, medical conditions or environmental factors can contribute to high carbon dioxide levels in the blood.",4,null,150,true,"99_1_MARCO_5897657","MARCO_5897657","99_1_MARCO_8443252","MARCO_8443252","99_1_MARCO_4727111","MARCO_4727111",null,"What is high blood carbon dioxide?","MARCO_1543355","99_1_MARCO_1543355","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately. Medications, medical conditions or environmental factors can contribute to high carbon dioxide levels in the blood.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is high blood carbon dioxide?","99_1","What is a buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream ?","Hypercapnia hypercapnia hypercapnia An abnormal build-up of carbon dioxide in the blood is hypercapnia. Hypercapnia Hypercapnia An abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood is known as hypercapnia.(high-per-KAP-nee-ah)hyper-means excessive ,capn means carbon dioxide, and-ia means abnormal condition.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What happens if there 's an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood ?","Answers.comÂ® is making the world better one answer at a time. As the carbon dioxide increases in the blood, without an increase in oxygen absorption in the lungs, the pH will decrease causing an increase in breathing.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What occurs if your blood has too much carbon dioxide ?","Symptoms For High Carbon Dioxide Level in Blood. The symptoms associated with high blood carbon dioxide levels include increased blood pressure, rapid pulse, rubor (redness), muscle twitches, headache, chest-pain, confusion, and fatigue. All of these symptoms depend on the severity of case.",0,"","What is high blood carbon dioxide ?","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately.",4,null,150,true,"99_1_MARCO_5897663","MARCO_5897663","99_1_MARCO_8443255","MARCO_8443255","99_1_MARCO_311697","MARCO_311697",null,"What is high blood carbon dioxide?","MARCO_178741","99_1_MARCO_178741","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately.",4,null,3,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},3]
["What is high blood carbon dioxide?","99_1","What is a buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream ?","When breathing is paused, carbon dioxide builds up in the bloodstream. Chemoreceptors in the blood stream note the high carbon dioxide levels. The brain is signaled to wake the person sleeping and breathe in air. Breathing normally will restore oxygen levels and the person will fall asleep again.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What happens if there 's an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood ?","Best Answer: Hgher level of carbon dioxide would lower the blood pH and would raise the acidity. This leads to an increase in the breathing rate which in turn would result in increase in cardiac output which would then increase the heart rate!o, to summarize: There is high levels of carbon dioxide in the blood stream because of the high heart rate, from metabolic activities. The carbon dioxide alone doesn't increase the heart rate whatsoever. Source(s): A.P. Bio student.",0,"","What occurs if your blood has too much carbon dioxide ?","The symptoms associated with high blood carbon dioxide levels include increased blood pressure, rapid pulse, rubor (redness), muscle twitches, headache, chest-pain, confusion, and fatigue. All of these symptoms depend on the severity of case.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is high blood carbon dioxide ?","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately.he most common cause of a high carbon dioxide level in the blood is high bicarbonate levels due to the use of medications. Taking diuretics, the prolonged steroid use or the abuse of laxatives all cause high levels of bicarbonate in the bloodstream.",4,null,150,true,"99_1_CAR_a94818c7d35be397784187101cdaa56a6b212d0f","CAR_a94818c7d35be397784187101cdaa56a6b212d0f","99_1_MARCO_6357425","MARCO_6357425","99_1_MARCO_4727108","MARCO_4727108",null,"What is high blood carbon dioxide?","MARCO_513708","99_1_MARCO_513708","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately.he most common cause of a high carbon dioxide level in the blood is high bicarbonate levels due to the use of medications. Taking diuretics, the prolonged steroid use or the abuse of laxatives all cause high levels of bicarbonate in the bloodstream.",4,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","99_2","Which medicine is considered to cure a buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream ?","Hypercapnia. Hypercapnia. An abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood is known as hypercapnia.(high-per-KAP-nee-ah) hyper-means excessive, capn means carbon dioxide, and-ia means abnormal condition.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do I manage an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood ?","In extreme cases, the patient will need to be given oxygen to breathe so that the balance of oxygen in the blood as also the level of carbon dioxide is brought back to a normal level. When an individual experience an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood, it is important that this is brought back to normal.",3,"","What are the ways to cure blood with too much carbon dioxide ?","A high level of carbon dioxide in the blood may result in permanent damage to the brain or heart when not treated immediately. Depending on the severity of the carbon dioxide poisoning, the individual receives oxygen through an oxygen mask, a ventilator or hyperbaric chamber.",3,"","What should you do to treat high blood carbon dioxide ?","A high level of carbon dioxide in the blood may result in permanent damage to the brain or heart when not treated immediately. Depending on the severity of the carbon dioxide poisoning, the individual receives oxygen through an oxygen mask, a ventilator or hyperbaric chamber.",3,null,151,false,"99_2_MARCO_5897657","MARCO_5897657","99_2_MARCO_5884864","MARCO_5884864","99_2_MARCO_178738","MARCO_178738",null,"What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","MARCO_178738","99_2_MARCO_178738","Hypercapnia can lead to respiratory failure and death if left untreated. If you have COPD, being aware of hypercapnia symptoms is key to early detection. Call your doctor as soon as possible if you experience any change in your symptoms or general health.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","99_2","Which medicine is considered to cure a buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream ?","Carbon Dioxide Poisoning Treatment. Treatment of carbon dioxide intoxication or carbon dioxide poisoning involves getting carbon dioxide levels back to normal in the patient's bloodstream and tissues. A person suffering from mild carbon dioxide intoxication typically can recover simply by breathing normal air.",0,null,"How do I manage an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood ?","The normal range for pH is 7.35–7.45. As the pH decreases (<7.35), it implies acidosis, while if the pH increases (>7.45) it implies alkalosis. In the context of arterial blood gases, the most common occurrence will be that of respiratory acidosis.  Carbon dioxide is dissolved in the blood as carbonic acid, a weak acid; however, in large concentrations, it can affect the pH drastically. Whenever there is poor pulmonary ventilation, the carbon dioxide levels in the blood are expected to rise. This leads to a rise of carbonic acid, leading to a decrease in pH. The first buffer of pH will be the plasma proteins, since these can accept some H+ ions to try to maintain homeostasis. As carbon dioxide concentrations continue to increase (PaCO > 45 mmHg), a condition known as respiratory acidosis occurs. The body tries to maintain homeostasis by increasing the respiratory rate, a condition known as tachypnea. This allows much more carbon dioxide to escape the body through the lungs, thus increasing the pH by having less carbonic acid. If a patient is in a critical setting and intubated, one must increase the number of breaths mechanically.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are the ways to cure blood with too much carbon dioxide ?","In extreme cases, the patient will need to be given oxygen to breathe so that the balance of oxygen in the blood as also the level of carbon dioxide is brought back to a normal level. When an individual experience an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood, it is important that this is brought back to normal.",3,"","What should you do to treat high blood carbon dioxide ?","Two friends are riding their bikes outside. Carbon dioxide, a byproduct of metabolism, is carried in the blood to the lungs, where it is exhaled into the atmosphere. A high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, called hypercapnia, is usually accompanied by an increase in breathing to help return levels to normal. Acute, or short-term, hypercapnia is generally caused by respiratory failure or diminished gas exchange in the lungs.",0,null,151,false,"99_2_MARCO_8434538","MARCO_8434538","99_2_CAR_92c404ab0a7bfdcc15a21054138fea25bfe24258","CAR_92c404ab0a7bfdcc15a21054138fea25bfe24258","99_2_MARCO_5884864","MARCO_5884864",null,"What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","MARCO_7682084","99_2_MARCO_7682084","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately. Medications, medical conditions or environmental factors can contribute to high carbon dioxide levels in the blood.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","99_2","Which medicine is considered to cure a buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream ?","Carbon dioxide is present in the blood in a number of forms such as bicarbonate, dissolved carbon dioxide and carbonic acid, of which 90% is bicarbonate or HCO3. Sodium bicarbonate turns to CO2 when it reaches the stomach causing an increase in stomach acid production as well as an increase in bicarbonates in the blood.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do I manage an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood ?","A high level of carbon dioxide in the blood may result in permanent damage to the brain or heart when not treated immediately. Depending on the severity of the carbon dioxide poisoning, the individual receives oxygen through an oxygen mask, a ventilator or hyperbaric chamber.",3,"","What are the ways to cure blood with too much carbon dioxide ?","Two friends are riding their bikes outside. Carbon dioxide, a byproduct of metabolism, is carried in the blood to the lungs, where it is exhaled into the atmosphere. A high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, called hypercapnia, is usually accompanied by an increase in breathing to help return levels to normal. Acute, or short-term, hypercapnia is generally caused by respiratory failure or diminished gas exchange in the lungs.",0,"","What should you do to treat high blood carbon dioxide ?","In extreme cases, the patient will need to be given oxygen to breathe so that the balance of oxygen in the blood as also the level of carbon dioxide is brought back to a normal level. When an individual experience an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood, it is important that this is brought back to normal.",3,null,151,false,"99_2_MARCO_8482394","MARCO_8482394","99_2_MARCO_178738","MARCO_178738","99_2_MARCO_7682084","MARCO_7682084",null,"What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","MARCO_5884864","99_2_MARCO_5884864","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are treatments for high cholesterol?","99_3","What are the best ones for high cholesterol ?","High Cholesterol Center. The best meal for anyone worried about their cholesterol is a meal low in saturated fat and abundant in fruits and vegetables. And although there are no magic bullets beyond that healthy prescription, certain foods have been shown to give cholesterol levels an extra nudge in the right direction.",1,null,"What are some options for high cholesterol ?","More specifically, there are some foods that are always good for the diet of a person with high cholesterol. Fish, whole grains, oat bran, oatmeal, blueberries, avocados, olives, olive oil, flaxseed oil and yogurt with live active cultures are all good options if you want to keep your cholesterol levels down.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What can I do if I have high cholesterol ?","High cholesterol is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. That can include coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. High cholesterol has also been linked to diabetes and high blood pressure.To prevent or manage these conditions, work with your doctor to see what steps you need to take to lower your cholesterol.our total cholesterol level is High. Your level of bad LDL cholesterol is High, too. Working to bring down your total cholesterol decreases your LDL cholesterol level. You can do this by exercising more and eating less food with saturated fats.",0,"","How about high cholesterol ?","High cholesterol. Overview. Cholesterol is a waxy substance that's found in the fats (lipids) in your blood. While your body needs cholesterol to continue building healthy cells, having high cholesterol can increase your risk of heart disease. When you have high cholesterol, you may develop fatty deposits in your blood vessels.",0,null,152,true,"99_3_MARCO_5358431","MARCO_5358431","99_3_MARCO_480988","MARCO_480988","99_3_MARCO_6772920","MARCO_6772920",null,"What are treatments for high cholesterol?","MARCO_6744962","99_3_MARCO_6744962","Elevated cholesterol levels are treated with a strict diet consisting of low saturated fat, trans fat-free, low cholesterol foods, often followed by one of various hypolipidemic agents, such as statins, fibrates, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, nicotinic acid derivatives or bile acid sequestrants. Extreme cases have previously been treated with partial ileal bypass surgery, which has now been superseded by medication. Apheresis-based treatments are still used for very severe hyperlipidemias that are either unresponsive to treatment or require rapid lowering of blood lipids. There are several international guidelines on the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are treatments for high cholesterol?","99_3","What are the best ones for high cholesterol ?","More specifically, there are some foods that are always good for the diet of a person with high cholesterol. Fish, whole grains, oat bran, oatmeal, blueberries, avocados, olives, olive oil, flaxseed oil and yogurt with live active cultures are all good options if you want to keep your cholesterol levels down.or example, using one percent milk, evaporated milk and low-fat cheese instead of whole milk, butter and regular cheese for a macaroni and cheese dish can cut the cholesterol of your recipe in half. Hereâ€™s a quick overview of foods to avoid if you have high cholesterol: 1  Butter. 2  Fatty meats.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What are some options for high cholesterol ?","More specifically, there are some foods that are always good for the diet of a person with high cholesterol. Fish, whole grains, oat bran, oatmeal, blueberries, avocados, olives, olive oil, flaxseed oil and yogurt with live active cultures are all good options if you want to keep your cholesterol levels down.or example, using one percent milk, evaporated milk and low-fat cheese instead of whole milk, butter and regular cheese for a macaroni and cheese dish can cut the cholesterol of your recipe in half. Hereâ€™s a quick overview of foods to avoid if you have high cholesterol: 1  Butter. 2  Fatty meats.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What can I do if I have high cholesterol ?","Treating high cholesterol. If you've been diagnosed with high cholesterol, you'll be advised to make changes to your diet and increase your level of exercise. After a few months, if your cholesterol level hasn't dropped, you may be advised to take cholesterol-lowering medication.",1,"","How about high cholesterol ?","High cholesterol is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. That can include coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. High cholesterol has also been linked to diabetes and high blood pressure.To prevent or manage these conditions, work with your doctor to see what steps you need to take to lower your cholesterol.our total cholesterol level is High. Your level of bad LDL cholesterol is High, too. Working to bring down your total cholesterol decreases your LDL cholesterol level. You can do this by exercising more and eating less food with saturated fats.",0,null,152,true,"99_3_MARCO_6990474","MARCO_6990474","99_3_MARCO_6990474","MARCO_6990474","99_3_MARCO_3258581","MARCO_3258581",null,"What are treatments for high cholesterol?","MARCO_6772920","99_3_MARCO_6772920","The current treatment for people with very high cholesterol that cannot be controlled with diet or statins is apheresis, which is similar to dialysis in that a person visits a clinic each month and his or her blood is mechanically filtered, in this case to remove LDL cholesterol.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are treatments for high cholesterol?","99_3","What are the best ones for high cholesterol ?","1. Whole Eggs. Eggs are a controversial food in relation to high cholesterol. Some small studies have found that eating egg yolks can raise cholesterol levels. However, there have been a few very large studies that have shown that eating egg yolks can lower high cholesterol by raising your good cholesterol.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are some options for high cholesterol ?","More specifically, there are some foods that are always good for the diet of a person with high cholesterol. Fish, whole grains, oat bran, oatmeal, blueberries, avocados, olives, olive oil, flaxseed oil and yogurt with live active cultures are all good options if you want to keep your cholesterol levels down.s mentioned before, itâ€™s important to steer clear of foods with high cholesterol, saturated fat and trans fat levels if you want to lower your cholesterol. The most common examples of these foods include butter, fatty meats and ice cream.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What can I do if I have high cholesterol ?","You may be diagnosed with high blood cholesterol if you consistently have high levels of bad cholesterol in your blood in a routine test called a lipid panel. To treat high blood cholesterol, your doctor may recommend heart-healthy lifestyle changes, such as heart-healthy eating, quitting smoking, or aiming for a healthy weight.",3,"","How about high cholesterol ?","High Cholesterol (Dyslipidemia). High cholesterol, or dyslipidemia, means that there is an imbalance of fats (lipids), circulating in your blood stream. Cholesterol is a fatty substance your body uses to make hormones and metabolize food. Doctors use three different measurements to determine your overall lipid health:",0,null,152,true,"99_3_MARCO_1536623","MARCO_1536623","99_3_MARCO_1897718","MARCO_1897718","99_3_MARCO_973729","MARCO_973729",null,"What are treatments for high cholesterol?","MARCO_1078589","99_3_MARCO_1078589","How Is High Blood Cholesterol Treated? High blood cholesterol is treated with lifestyle changes and medicines. The main goal of treatment is to lower your low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level enough to reduce your risk for coronary heart disease, heart attack, and other related health problems. Your risk for heart disease and heart attack goes up as your LDL cholesterol level rises and your number of heart disease risk factors increases.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","99_4","What foods help in curbing high cholesterol ?","1. Whole Eggs. Eggs are a controversial food in relation to high cholesterol. Some small studies have found that eating egg yolks can raise cholesterol levels. However, there have been a few very large studies that have shown that eating egg yolks can lower high cholesterol by raising your good cholesterol. This seems to only be applicable when you have a good diet to begin with.",3,null,"What foods improve cholesterol ?","Dinner. Foods high in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon, tuna and walnuts, can also help improve blood cholesterol levels. For dinner, try 3 oz. broiled salmon served with 1 cup brown rice and 1 cup steamed broccoli.",3,"","What 's the best way to reduce cholesterol with food ?","#1 Food to Lower Cholesterol. The best food for cholesterol is oats. With over 50 years of research, oats are the most trusted way to lower cholesterol naturally. But eating oatmeal everyday, throughout the day, can be tough. Few can tolerate eating oats consistently enough to enjoy the full benefit of lowering cholesterol naturally.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What should I eat to improve high cholesterol ?","If you eat unsaturated fat instead of saturated fat, it may help improve your cholesterol levels. Try to eat mostly unsaturated fats. Monounsaturated fat and polyunsaturated fat are types of unsaturated fat. Monounsaturated fat: This fat is in avocado, nuts, and vegetable oils, such as canola, olive, and peanut oils. Eating foods that are high in monounsaturated fats may help lower your bad LDL cholesterol.",3,null,153,false,"99_4_MARCO_5404852","MARCO_5404852","99_4_MARCO_6936080","MARCO_6936080","99_4_MARCO_6485976","MARCO_6485976",null,"What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","MARCO_982144","99_4_MARCO_982144","If you eat unsaturated fat instead of saturated fat, it may help improve your cholesterol levels. Try to eat mostly unsaturated fats. Monounsaturated fat and polyunsaturated fat are types of unsaturated fat. Monounsaturated fat: This fat is in avocado, nuts, and vegetable oils, such as canola, olive, and peanut oils. Eating foods that are high in monounsaturated fats may help lower your bad LDL cholesterol.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},3]
["What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","99_4","What foods help in curbing high cholesterol ?","1. Whole Eggs. Eggs are a controversial food in relation to high cholesterol. Some small studies have found that eating egg yolks can raise cholesterol levels. However, there have been a few very large studies that have shown that eating egg yolks can lower high cholesterol by raising your good cholesterol.",3,null,"What foods improve cholesterol ?","Eating a diet high in fiber can improve your cholesterol levels. Dietary fiber is found in plant foods such as fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds, and beans and legumes. Both types of fiber, soluble and insoluble, are beneficial for your cholesterol levels.",3,"","What 's the best way to reduce cholesterol with food ?","The best way to improve your cholesterol levels and reduce your risk of heart disease is to change your diet and lifestyle. Eat a whole foods, plant-based diet and incorporate exercise and stress-relieving activities into your daily routine. I made a list of the best cholesterol lowering foods in 2007.",0,"","What should I eat to improve high cholesterol ?","1. Whole Eggs. Eggs are a controversial food in relation to high cholesterol. Some small studies have found that eating egg yolks can raise cholesterol levels. However, there have been a few very large studies that have shown that eating egg yolks can lower high cholesterol by raising your good cholesterol. This seems to only be applicable when you have a good diet to begin with.",3,null,153,false,"99_4_MARCO_1536623","MARCO_1536623","99_4_MARCO_6966036","MARCO_6966036","99_4_MARCO_976267","MARCO_976267",null,"What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","MARCO_5404852","99_4_MARCO_5404852","1. Whole Eggs. Eggs are a controversial food in relation to high cholesterol. Some small studies have found that eating egg yolks can raise cholesterol levels. However, there have been a few very large studies that have shown that eating egg yolks can lower high cholesterol by raising your good cholesterol. This seems to only be applicable when you have a good diet to begin with.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","99_4","What foods help in curbing high cholesterol ?","The support charity for people with high cholesterol, HEART UK, has identified six super foods that actively lower cholesterol levels: 1  Soya foods (15g a day) - soya milk, soya desserts, soya meat alternatives, soya nuts, edamame beans and tofu.  Nuts - a handful a day.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What foods improve cholesterol ?","And while you probably know about the cholesterol-busting powers of oatmeal, beans, and olive oil, you may be surprised to discover that some of your favorite foods can also make an improvement in your cholesterol profile.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What 's the best way to reduce cholesterol with food ?","Healthy eating tips and cholesterol. Changing some of the foods that you eat by following a healthy, balanced diet that is low in saturated fats and trans-fats can help to lower blood cholesterol. Itâ€™s important to replace foods that contain unhealthy, saturated and trans-fats with foods that contain polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What should I eat to improve high cholesterol ?","Eating a diet high in fiber can improve your cholesterol levels. Dietary fiber is found in plant foods such as fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds, and beans and legumes. Both types of fiber, soluble and insoluble, are beneficial for your cholesterol levels.",3,null,153,false,"99_4_MARCO_4240158","MARCO_4240158","99_4_MARCO_6966034","MARCO_6966034","99_4_MARCO_1536625","MARCO_1536625",null,"What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","MARCO_6966036","99_4_MARCO_6966036","1. Whole Eggs. Eggs are a controversial food in relation to high cholesterol. Some small studies have found that eating egg yolks can raise cholesterol levels. However, there have been a few very large studies that have shown that eating egg yolks can lower high cholesterol by raising your good cholesterol.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},2,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","99_5","What 's the better fat for high cholesterol ?","If you eat unsaturated fat instead of saturated fat, it may help improve your cholesterol levels. Try to eat mostly unsaturated fats. Monounsaturated fat and polyunsaturated fat are types of unsaturated fat. Monounsaturated fat: This fat is in avocado, nuts, and vegetable oils, such as canola, olive, and peanut oils. Eating foods that are high in monounsaturated fats may help lower your bad LDL cholesterol.",0,null,"How do the two fats , cholesterol and saturated fats , differ ?","Difference. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. This is because saturated and unsaturated fats differ in their chemical structures. Saturated fats have no double bond between molecules, which means there are no gaps and the fat is saturated with hydrogen molecules.",0,"","What is the healthier fat ?","Unsaturated fats. Unsaturated fats are an important part of a healthy diet. These fats help reduce the risk of heart disease and lower cholesterol levels (among other health benefits) when they replace saturated fats in the diet.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What are the differences between the two fats ?","Key Difference: The main difference between Fats and Oils is that, fats are usually derived from animals, whereas oils are usually derived from plants. Fats and oils are very important for every human body. It is mainly essential for daily dietary plan. Fats and oils are totally different from each other. In simple terms, fats are animal fats whereas oils are vegetable oils. The other difference is fats tend to be solids at room temperature; on the other hand, oils tend to be liquid at room temperature.",0,null,154,true,"99_5_MARCO_982144","MARCO_982144","99_5_MARCO_1549775","MARCO_1549775","99_5_MARCO_1630045","MARCO_1630045",null,"What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","MARCO_5882031","99_5_MARCO_5882031","No, saturated fats and trans fats are different. Saturated fat increases low-density lipoprotein, which is bad for you. Trans fats do the same thing, but also lower high-density lipoprotein, which is good for you. Trans fats are a lot worse.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","99_5","What 's the better fat for high cholesterol ?","Research has shown certain types of fat actually protect against high cholesterol. Omega-3 fatty acidsâ€”found in salmon and other cold-water fishâ€”help lower bad. LDL cholesterol, raise good HDL cholesterol, and lower triglycerides.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do the two fats , cholesterol and saturated fats , differ ?","Dietary cholesterol levels have only a modest impact on blood cholesterol levels, whereas saturated fats increase cholesterol synthesis in the liver. Limit your saturatedâ€¦ fat and cholesterol intake as part of a sensible diet to reduce your risk of heart attack and stoke. Answered.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the healthier fat ?","Unsaturated fats are healthier than saturated fats. They come from plants and are found in vegetables, olives, nuts, and seeds. Some fish also contain unsaturated fats. There are two main types of unsaturated fats: Monounsaturated fats. Monounsaturated fats can help improve your cholesterol levels and lower your risk of cardiovascular disease.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What are the differences between the two fats ?","What is the difference between a fat and an oil? fat is referred to Animal fat/ saturated fat=no double bonds between carbon chain while oil is referred to plant or fish fat(oil)/ unsaturated fat = it contains double bonds bâ€¦etween carbon chain.",0,null,154,true,"99_5_MARCO_976264","MARCO_976264","99_5_MARCO_4428196","MARCO_4428196","99_5_MARCO_7262359","MARCO_7262359",null,"What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","MARCO_2553547","99_5_MARCO_2553547","Saturated fats are fats that have no double bonds between the carbons in the fatty acid chains; they are saturated by hydrogen atoms instead. Trans fats are polyunsaturated fats that have been modified by hydrogenation to stay solid at room temperature.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","99_5","What 's the better fat for high cholesterol ?","High Cholesterol Center. The best meal for anyone worried about their cholesterol is a meal low in saturated fat and abundant in fruits and vegetables. And although there are no magic bullets beyond that healthy prescription, certain foods have been shown to give cholesterol levels an extra nudge in the right direction.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do the two fats , cholesterol and saturated fats , differ ?","Difference. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. This is because saturated and unsaturated fats differ in their chemical structures.Saturated fats have no double bond between molecules, which means there are no gaps and the fat is saturated with hydrogen molecules.ifference. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. This is because saturated and unsaturated fats differ in their chemical structures.",0,"","What is the healthier fat ?","Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats are classified as healthy fats because they donâ€™t get stuck in the arteries. Monounsaturated fats lower LDL, the â€œbadâ€\u009d cholesterol; some may raise HDL, the â€œgoodâ€\u009d cholesterol. Unlike saturated fat, they are not converted into cholesterol.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What are the differences between the two fats ?","Difference. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. This is because saturated and unsaturated fats differ in their chemical structures. Saturated fats have no double bond between molecules, which means there are no gaps and the fat is saturated with hydrogen molecules.",0,null,154,true,"99_5_MARCO_5358431","MARCO_5358431","99_5_MARCO_3826651","MARCO_3826651","99_5_MARCO_7335653","MARCO_7335653",null,"What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","MARCO_1549775","99_5_MARCO_1549775","Difference. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. This is because saturated and unsaturated fats differ in their chemical structures. Saturated fats have no double bond between molecules, which means there are no gaps and the fat is saturated with hydrogen molecules.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","99_6","What are the advantages of the other type of fat , besides being better for cholesterol ?","If you eat unsaturated fat instead of saturated fat, it may help improve your cholesterol levels. Try to eat mostly unsaturated fats. Monounsaturated fat and polyunsaturated fat are types of unsaturated fat. Monounsaturated fat: This fat is in avocado, nuts, and vegetable oils, such as canola, olive, and peanut oils. Eating foods that are high in monounsaturated fats may help lower your bad LDL cholesterol.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"Is one type of fat good for you ?","Why Saturated Fat Can Be Good For You. Saturated fat has been shown to have loads of positive effects on the body, including: 1  Liver Health: Saturated fat encourages the liver cells to dump their fat cells, which helps the liver to function more effectively.",0,"","Besides saturated fat , how are the other fats better for your health ?","But monounsaturated fat and polyunsaturated fat are the good kinds of fat, which are found in plant-based foods and oils. These fats can help improve cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease. One type of fat, omega-3 fatty acids, are especially beneficial for heart health.lick here to see the 10 Foods with Healthy Fats (Slideshow). Foods contain several different kinds of fat â€” and some are better for you than others. Some fats even help promote good health.",3,"","Is the other fat good for you , besides high blood carbon dioxide ?","The other blood fat â€“ triglyceride. Triglyceride is the most common type of fat in the body. Normal triglyceride levels vary by age and sex. But if you have heart disease or diabetes you are likely to have high levels.",0,null,155,false,"99_6_MARCO_982144","MARCO_982144","99_6_MARCO_4167961","MARCO_4167961","99_6_MARCO_2709168","MARCO_2709168",null,"What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","MARCO_7500103","99_6_MARCO_7500103","Unsaturated fats. Unsaturated fats are an important part of a healthy diet. These fats help reduce the risk of heart disease and lower cholesterol levels (among other health benefits) when they replace saturated fats in the diet.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","99_6","What are the advantages of the other type of fat , besides being better for cholesterol ?","Unsaturated fats. Unsaturated fats are an important part of a healthy diet. These fats help reduce the risk of heart disease and lower cholesterol levels (among other health benefits) when they replace saturated fats in the diet.",3,null,"Is one type of fat good for you ?","This healthy type of fat is what we call an unsaturated fat. Unsaturated fats are the good type of fat because when taken in moderation, they can help keep our cholesterol levels under control. A very high daily intake of unsaturated fats is harmful for our health and can lead to weight gain and health problems.",3,"","Besides saturated fat , how are the other fats better for your health ?","No, saturated fats and trans fats are different. Saturated fat increases low-density lipoprotein, which is bad for you. Trans fats do the same thing, but also lower high-density lipoprotein, which is good for you. Trans fats are a lot worse.",0,"","Is the other fat good for you , besides high blood carbon dioxide ?","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately.he most common cause of a high carbon dioxide level in the blood is high bicarbonate levels due to the use of medications. Taking diuretics, the prolonged steroid use or the abuse of laxatives all cause high levels of bicarbonate in the bloodstream.",0,null,155,false,"99_6_MARCO_1630045","MARCO_1630045","99_6_MARCO_313638","MARCO_313638","99_6_MARCO_7416669","MARCO_7416669",null,"What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","MARCO_513708","99_6_MARCO_513708","Eating unsaturated fat in place of refined grains and sugar can improve blood cholesterol profiles and lower triglycerides, and in turn, lower the risk of heart disease. It is essential to include a special kind of unsaturated fat, called omega-3 fats, in the diet; good sources include fish, walnuts, flax seeds, and canola oil. Keep in mind that omega-3 fats from marine sources, such as fish and shellfish, have much more powerful health benefits than omega-3 fats from plant sources, like walnuts and flax seeds.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","99_6","What are the advantages of the other type of fat , besides being better for cholesterol ?","Polyunsaturated fat is another type of unsaturated fat, and they too can help lower your cholesterol levels when you consume them instead of saturated fats. Foods that contain polyunsaturated fats include many vegetables oils and fatty fish such as salmon, mackerel, herring and trout.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"Is one type of fat good for you ?","But monounsaturated fat and polyunsaturated fat are the good kinds of fat, which are found in plant-based foods and oils. These fats can help improve cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease. One type of fat, omega-3 fatty acids, are especially beneficial for heart health.lick here to see the 10 Foods with Healthy Fats (Slideshow). Foods contain several different kinds of fat â€” and some are better for you than others. Some fats even help promote good health.",3,"","Besides saturated fat , how are the other fats better for your health ?","Unlike saturated fats, monounsaturated fats help lower LDL (bad) cholesterol, while boosting your HDL (good) cholesterol. Dietary fat is also good for us because it is one of three macronutrients that supports a number of our body's functions and provides us with energy.",0,"","Is the other fat good for you , besides high blood carbon dioxide ?","So, to summarize: There is high levels of carbon dioxide in the blood stream because of the high heart rate, from metabolic activities. The carbon dioxide alone doesn't increase the heart rate whatsoever. Source(s): A.P. Bio student.o, to summarize: There is high levels of carbon dioxide in the blood stream because of the high heart rate, from metabolic activities. The carbon dioxide alone doesn't increase the heart rate whatsoever. Source(s): A.P. Bio student.",0,null,155,false,"99_6_MARCO_8744667","MARCO_8744667","99_6_MARCO_2709168","MARCO_2709168","99_6_MARCO_3764725","MARCO_3764725",null,"What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","MARCO_6357426","99_6_MARCO_6357426","Reduce Cholesterol. The Dietary Guidelines indicate most Americans consume too much saturated and trans fats and not enough unsaturated fats (monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats). In fact, the most recent guidelines recommend replacing bad trans and saturated fats with good fats. A diet high in unsaturated fat helps reduce heart disease and stroke by reducing both total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglyceride (fat in the blood) levels.",0,3,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","99_7","Besides fish , what else is a good source of fat ?","Non-fish omega-3 sources: If youâ€™re not a fish fan, there are plenty of other sources of these healthy fats, including walnuts, chia seeds, flaxseeds, hemp seed, and soybeans. Try my edamame hummus for a healthful omega-3-rich snack.",3,null,"Besides fish , What foods do you think are the best sources of omega 3 fatty acids ?","Food Sources. Besides cod fish, other good sources of fish oil are salmon, tuna, anchovies, sardines, herring, and mackerel. The oils of these fish contain omega-3 oils seven time the amount of omega-6 oils. Good plant sources of omega-3 fatty acids are walnuts, clary sage seeds, flax seeds, etc.",3,"","Other than Fish , which foods are rich in linoleic acid ?","To begin with, you should eat more raw nuts, seeds, whole grains and fish. Linoleic acid can be found in nuts, seeds, whole grains and legumes. Eat fatty fish, such as salmon, tuna, herring, mackerel and sardines at least twice a week.Fish is also an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acid, which supports heart health and helps the body break down dietary fat.o begin with, you should eat more raw nuts, seeds, whole grains and fish. Linoleic acid can be found in nuts, seeds, whole grains and legumes. Eat fatty fish, such as salmon, tuna, herring, mackerel and sardines at least twice a week.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What other foods are good sources of omega 3 fatty acids , besides fish ?","Food Sources. Besides cod fish, other good sources of fish oil are salmon, tuna, anchovies, sardines, herring, and mackerel. The oils of these fish contain omega-3 oils seven time the amount of omega-6 oils. Good plant sources of omega-3 fatty acids are walnuts, clary sage seeds, flax seeds, etc.",3,null,156,true,"99_7_MARCO_1110189","MARCO_1110189","99_7_MARCO_2482326","MARCO_2482326","99_7_MARCO_6108792","MARCO_6108792",null,"Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","MARCO_2482326","99_7_MARCO_2482326","Unsaturated fat is the healthiest type of fat. Plant oils, such as olive, canola, corn, peanut and other nut oils; nuts, such as almonds, peanuts, walnuts, and pistachios; avocados; and fish, especially oily fish such as salmon and canned tuna, are excellent sources of unsaturated fat.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","99_7","Besides fish , what else is a good source of fat ?","Such healthy fat sources include: 1  Fish Fat/Oils (fish oil pills, salmon fat, etc) 2  Extra Virgin Olive Oil. 3  Nuts (almonds, cashews, etc)  Peanut Butter (get the ones that contain only peanuts; typical peanut butter contains harmful additives like hydrogenated oils and 1  sugar) Almond Butter.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"Besides fish , What foods do you think are the best sources of omega 3 fatty acids ?","Seafood, algae and fatty fish â€” including salmon, bluefin tuna, sardines and herring â€” are some of the best sources of omega-3 fatty acids. Substitute fish for meat a couple of times each week to get a healthy dose. Grill, bake or broil fish for ultimate flavor and health.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Other than Fish , which foods are rich in linoleic acid ?","The following is a list of plant foods rich in essential fatty acids: Sources of Omega-3 fatty acids: flax seeds, hemp seeds, canola, walnuts, pumpkin seeds, soybeans and its products such as tofu and tempeh.nly plants can synthesize omega-3 (alpha-linolenic acid) and omega-6 fats (linoleic acid) which are therefore referred to as â€œessentialâ€\u009d fatty acids. Fish store the Omega-3 fats from the algae they consume. Fish themselves do not produce omega-3 fatty acids.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What other foods are good sources of omega 3 fatty acids , besides fish ?","The best way to get omega 3 fatty acids is by eating fatty fish such as tuna, salmon and mackerel. Another good source is krill oil capsules. Other sources of omega 3 fatty acids: Flax seeds, flax oil, walnuts. Kid-friendly serving idea: Add a few spoonfuls of flax oil to an antioxidant-rich berry smoothie.",0,null,156,true,"99_7_MARCO_3816679","MARCO_3816679","99_7_MARCO_4678051","MARCO_4678051","99_7_MARCO_6787301","MARCO_6787301",null,"Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","MARCO_4022567","99_7_MARCO_4022567","Unsaturated fats. 1  Sunflower, corn, soybean, and flaxseed oils. 2  Walnuts. 3  Flax seeds. 4  Fish. 5  Canola oil â€“ though higher in monounsaturated fat, itâ€™s also a good source of polyunsaturated fat.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","99_7","Besides fish , what else is a good source of fat ?","One of the best sources of fats are the omega 3s found in fish oil, as well as the fat in avocados, olive oil and coconut oil. Watch nutritional coach Nell Stephenson explain which good fats we should include in our diet, and which fats to avoid.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Besides fish , What foods do you think are the best sources of omega 3 fatty acids ?","The best way to get omega 3 fatty acids is by eating fatty fish such as tuna, salmon and mackerel. Another good source is krill oil capsules. Other sources of omega 3 fatty acids: Flax seeds, flax oil, walnuts. Kid-friendly serving idea: Add a few spoonfuls of flax oil to an antioxidant-rich berry smoothie.",0,"","Other than Fish , which foods are rich in linoleic acid ?","Unsaturated and polyunsaturated fats essential fatty acids such as linoleic acid or omega-6 and linolenic acid or omega-3 are, on the other hand, good for us. Natural oils such as Culinary Argan Oil and Olive oils are high in these Omega fatty acids. Fish has also long been reported as a good source for these essential fatty acids and particularly omega-3 fats.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What other foods are good sources of omega 3 fatty acids , besides fish ?","Fish high in omega-3 fatty acids include salmon, tuna, trout, mackerel, sardines and herring. Plant sources of omega-3 fatty acids include flaxseed (ground), oils (canola, flaxseed, soybean), and nuts and other seeds (walnuts, butternuts and sunflower).",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,156,true,"99_7_MARCO_7502224","MARCO_7502224","99_7_MARCO_4022567","MARCO_4022567","99_7_MARCO_8162838","MARCO_8162838",null,"Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","MARCO_1935473","99_7_MARCO_1935473","Foods That Are Higher in Unsaturated Fats and How to Fit Them into Your Diet. 1  Fatty fish. Fish are generally lean and good to include in your lipid-lowering diet. However, some fish are high in omega-3 fats, a type of polyunsaturated fatty acid. Fish in this category would include salmon, mackerel, herring, tuna, and anchovy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","99_8","What kind of fats are in olive oil ?","Answers from Katherine Zeratsky, R.D., L.D. The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are considered a healthy dietary fat. If you replace saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats, such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3,null,"Does olive oil contain good fat ?","Unsaturated Fat. Olive oil is obviously high in fat, with 1 tablespoon containing 13.5 grams of total fat. Itâ€™s one of the good fats, though, because 84 percent of the total fat consists of healthy unsaturated fats, primarily monounsaturated fats, such as oleic acid.",0,"","What types of fats does olive oil have ? Are they good for your health ?","The key is to choose your fats wisely. Olive oil is one of the healthiest types of fat around. The monounsaturated fat in olive oil has been shown to control LDL (bad) cholesterol and raise HDL (good) cholesterol. This can potentially lower your risk of heart disease.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What types of fats does olive oil contain ?","Answers from Katherine Zeratsky, R.D., L.D. The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are considered a healthy dietary fat. If you replace saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats, such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3,null,157,false,"99_8_MARCO_5528146","MARCO_5528146","99_8_MARCO_5142748","MARCO_5142748","99_8_MARCO_5528151","MARCO_5528151",null,"What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","MARCO_5528146","99_8_MARCO_5528146","Answers from Katherine Zeratsky, R.D., L.D. The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are considered a healthy dietary fat. If you replace saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats, such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","99_8","What kind of fats are in olive oil ?","The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are actually considered a healthy dietary fat. If your diet replaces saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits. MUFAs and PUFAs may help lower your risk of heart disease by improving related risk factors.",0,null,"Does olive oil contain good fat ?","Olive oil contains monounsaturated fatty acids, a type of healthy fat that can protect against heart disease and other serious conditions. Olive oil contains monounsaturated fatty acids, a type of healthy fat that can protect against heart disease and other serious conditions.",3,"","What types of fats does olive oil have ? Are they good for your health ?","Olive oil contains monounsaturated fatty acids, a type of healthy fat that can protect against heart disease and other serious conditions. Olive oil contains monounsaturated fatty acids, a type of healthy fat that can protect against heart disease and other serious conditions.",3,"","What types of fats does olive oil contain ?","The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are actually considered a healthy dietary fat. If your diet replaces saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits. MUFAs and PUFAs may help lower your risk of heart disease by improving related risk factors.",0,null,157,false,"99_8_MARCO_3083207","MARCO_3083207","99_8_MARCO_911211","MARCO_911211","99_8_MARCO_911211","MARCO_911211",null,"What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","MARCO_3083207","99_8_MARCO_3083207","The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are actually considered a healthy dietary fat. If your diet replaces saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits. MUFAs and PUFAs may help lower your risk of heart disease by improving related risk factors.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","99_8","What kind of fats are in olive oil ?","The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are actually considered a healthy dietary fat. If your diet replaces saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3,null,"Does olive oil contain good fat ?","But while all types of olive oil are sources of monounsaturated fat, EXTRA VIRGIN olive oil, from the first pressing of the olives, contains higher levels of antioxidants, particularly vitamin E and phenols, because it is less processed. Olive oil is clearly one of the good oils, one of the healing fats. Most people do quite well with it since it does not upset the critical omega 6 to omega 3 ratio and most of the fatty acids in olive oil are actually an omega-9 oil which is monounsaturated.",0,"","What types of fats does olive oil have ? Are they good for your health ?","Olive oil is a source of unsaturated fat. Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats don't deserve the bad reputation of fat in general. These types are fat are actually a healthy part of your diet and should make up the majority of the fat you eat each day.",3,"","What types of fats does olive oil contain ?","The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are actually considered a healthy dietary fat. If your diet replaces saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3,null,157,false,"99_8_MARCO_3928986","MARCO_3928986","99_8_MARCO_2091298","MARCO_2091298","99_8_MARCO_8254401","MARCO_8254401",null,"What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","MARCO_3928986","99_8_MARCO_3928986","The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are actually considered a healthy dietary fat. If your diet replaces saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What causes my teeth to chip off?","100_1","Why do pieces of my teeth break off ?","Sometimes teeth break because they have been weakened by untreated tooth decay, or because old dental work is failing. Repairing this may involve any of the procedures mentioned above. If the tooth has broken off at the gum line, it will probably have to be extracted.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"Why do teeth chip ?","Having a chipped tooth isnâ€™t an uncommon problemâ€”in fact, according to the American Association of Endodontists (AAE), chipped teeth account for the majority of all dental injuries. Teeth can develop chips from a variety of causes: suffering a sudden stress or impact; losing structure at the site of an untreated cavity or an old, weakened filling; or biting down on a hard object, like candy, ice or fingernails.",3,"","What causes teeth to chip ?","The possible causes of a chipped tooth include: 1  Falling and hitting your mouth. 2  Biting on a hard object or food, such as a hard candy or a bone. 3  Suffering trauma to the face from a sports injury or accident.  Cavities which can weaken the teeth and predispose you to a chipped tooth.",4,"","What causes my teeth to chip off ?","The possible causes of a chipped tooth include: 1  Falling and hitting your mouth. 2  Biting on a hard object or food, such as a hard candy or a bone. 3  Suffering trauma to the face from a sports injury or accident.  Cavities which can weaken the teeth and predispose you to a chipped tooth.",4,null,158,true,"100_1_MARCO_2272225","MARCO_2272225","100_1_MARCO_8175397","MARCO_8175397","100_1_MARCO_4051652","MARCO_4051652",null,"What causes my teeth to chip off?","MARCO_4051652","100_1_MARCO_4051652","The possible causes of a chipped tooth include: 1  Falling and hitting your mouth. 2  Biting on a hard object or food, such as a hard candy or a bone. 3  Suffering trauma to the face from a sports injury or accident.  Cavities which can weaken the teeth and predispose you to a chipped tooth.",4,null,4,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},4]
["What causes my teeth to chip off?","100_1","Why do pieces of my teeth break off ?","Teeth are remarkably strong, but they can chip, crack (fracture) or break. When a tooth chips or breaks, it may not hurt. However, your tongue usually feels the sharp area quite quickly. Minor tooth fractures usually don't cause pain, but if a large piece of the tooth breaks off, it can hurt. The nerve inside the tooth may be damaged.",0,null,"Why do teeth chip ?","4. Poor nutrition. What you eat has a lot to do with your chances for chipping. Consuming sugary, starchy, or acidic foods can erode your enamel and make your teeth more vulnerable to decay. In addition, eating snacks that put undue pressure on your teeth can raise your risk for damage.",1,"","What causes teeth to chip ?","Having a chipped tooth isnâ€™t an uncommon problemâ€”in fact, according to the American Association of Endodontists (AAE), chipped teeth account for the majority of all dental injuries. Teeth can develop chips from a variety of causes: suffering a sudden stress or impact; losing structure at the site of an untreated cavity or an old, weakened filling; or biting down on a hard object, like candy, ice or fingernails.",3,"","What causes my teeth to chip off ?","Having a chipped tooth isnâ€™t an uncommon problemâ€”in fact, according to the American Association of Endodontists (AAE), chipped teeth account for the majority of all dental injuries. Teeth can develop chips from a variety of causes: suffering a sudden stress or impact; losing structure at the site of an untreated cavity or an old, weakened filling; or biting down on a hard object, like candy, ice or fingernails.",3,null,158,true,"100_1_MARCO_2742931","MARCO_2742931","100_1_MARCO_8367819","MARCO_8367819","100_1_MARCO_8175397","MARCO_8175397",null,"What causes my teeth to chip off?","MARCO_8175397","100_1_MARCO_8175397","Having a chipped tooth isnâ€™t an uncommon problemâ€”in fact, according to the American Association of Endodontists (AAE), chipped teeth account for the majority of all dental injuries. Teeth can develop chips from a variety of causes: suffering a sudden stress or impact; losing structure at the site of an untreated cavity or an old, weakened filling; or biting down on a hard object, like candy, ice or fingernails.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What causes my teeth to chip off?","100_1","Why do pieces of my teeth break off ?","Your wisdom teeth were removed from sockets made of bone. Sometimes little pieces of the bony socket break off during the extraction, then they eventually work their way out of the gum, similar to how a sliver eventually works its way out of your skin. This can occur anytime from days to years after the surgery.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why do teeth chip ?","Sometimes teeth are vulnerable to chipping because of the way they contact the opposing tooth in the opposite jaw. It may be necessary to adjust the bite relationship between the upper and lower teeth (equilibration) in such cases.y contrast, it's not uncommon for patients to be unaware of chipped posterior teeth (the back ones), until the dentist points them out at a routine exam. Lack of awareness does not mean they shouldn't be fixed, however.",1,"","What causes teeth to chip ?","4. Poor nutrition. What you eat has a lot to do with your chances for chipping. Consuming sugary, starchy, or acidic foods can erode your enamel and make your teeth more vulnerable to decay. In addition, eating snacks that put undue pressure on your teeth can raise your risk for damage.",1,"","What causes my teeth to chip off ?","4. Poor nutrition. What you eat has a lot to do with your chances for chipping. Consuming sugary, starchy, or acidic foods can erode your enamel and make your teeth more vulnerable to decay. In addition, eating snacks that put undue pressure on your teeth can raise your risk for damage.",1,null,158,true,"100_1_MARCO_7573914","MARCO_7573914","100_1_MARCO_4037444","MARCO_4037444","100_1_MARCO_8367819","MARCO_8367819",null,"What causes my teeth to chip off?","MARCO_8367819","100_1_MARCO_8367819","4. Poor nutrition. What you eat has a lot to do with your chances for chipping. Consuming sugary, starchy, or acidic foods can erode your enamel and make your teeth more vulnerable to decay. In addition, eating snacks that put undue pressure on your teeth can raise your risk for damage.",1,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","100_2","Can your dentist repair one of your teeth ?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy. Learn more about Repairing Chipped Teeth.",3,null,"How can I fix a chipped tooth ?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy. Learn more about Repairing Chipped Teeth.",3,"","How can dental professionals treat chipped teeth ?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy.",3,"","Oh , what can dentists do to fix chipped teeth ?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy. Learn more about Repairing Chipped Teeth.",3,null,159,false,"100_2_MARCO_6108225","MARCO_6108225","100_2_MARCO_6108225","MARCO_6108225","100_2_MARCO_8367823","MARCO_8367823",null,"Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","MARCO_6108225","100_2_MARCO_6108225","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","100_2","Can your dentist repair one of your teeth ?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy.",3,null,"How can I fix a chipped tooth ?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy.",3,"","How can dental professionals treat chipped teeth ?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy. Learn more about Repairing Chipped Teeth.",3,"","Oh , what can dentists do to fix chipped teeth ?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy.",3,null,159,false,"100_2_MARCO_8367823","MARCO_8367823","100_2_MARCO_8367823","MARCO_8367823","100_2_MARCO_6108225","MARCO_6108225",null,"Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","MARCO_8367823","100_2_MARCO_8367823","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy. Learn more about Repairing Chipped Teeth.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","100_2","Can your dentist repair one of your teeth ?","From subtle changes to major repairs, your dentist can perform a variety of procedures to improve your smile. There are many techniques and options to treat teeth that are discolored, chipped, misshapen or missing. Your dentist can reshape your teeth, close spaces, restore worn or short teeth or alter the length of your teeth. Common procedures include bleaching, bonding, crowns, veneers and reshaping and contouring.",0,null,"How can I fix a chipped tooth ?","Here is more information to help you deal with a chipped tooth at home, before you see the dentist. 1  Rinse your mouth with warm, salt water to relieve pain and help to prevent infection. 2  To stop bleeding, apply pressure with clean gauze. 3  Place an ice pack on your face where the chipped tooth is to reduce swelling. Use temporary dental cement on the chipped tooth if you canâ€™t see your dentist immediately. Put sugarless gum or dental wax over sharp areas to protect your tongue and cheeks. Take an over-the-counter pain medication, if needed. Consume only liquids and soft foods.",0,"","How can dental professionals treat chipped teeth ?","A dentist fixing a chipped tooth. A cross section of a tooth. A chipped tooth may cause pain when chewing. Chipped teeth may be treated with porcelain veneers to give someone a more natural look. Dental X-ray. Cosmetic and reconstructive dentists can restore chipped teeth to their original appearance.",1,"","Oh , what can dentists do to fix chipped teeth ?","Due to advances in modern cosmetic dentistry, there are now a number of techniques which dentists can use to repair chipped teeth. Often, patients will have their chipped teeth repaired as part of a broader programme of cosmetic and orthodontic work to improve the overall quality of their smile for the future. If you have a chipped tooth, the first step in the repair process is usually an evaluation from your dentist.",0,null,159,false,"100_2_MARCO_5830270","MARCO_5830270","100_2_MARCO_6108227","MARCO_6108227","100_2_MARCO_4051654","MARCO_4051654",null,"Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","MARCO_5561850","100_2_MARCO_5561850","Have the tooth contoured. If the crack or chip in your tooth was slight, the dentist might opt to contour it. This involves shaving down and polishing the crack to make it smoother and unable to cause any cuts or abrasions. This is a simple fix that should involve minimal pain and only one visit to the dentist.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","100_3","What are the pros and cons of having your dentist repair the tooth ?","to help dentists explain to their patients the. relative pros and cons of various materials. used in dental restorations, which include. fillings, crowns, bridges and inlays. The. weight of the scientific evidence indicates. that all of these materials are safe and effec-. tive for their intended use.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the difference between the two solutions to chipped teeth ?","In regard to chipped teeth the choice is usually between bonding and porcelain. Bonding is a material that is predominantly plastic. The material looks great initially but wears, chips and discolors causing a need to be periodically replaced. So where it is cheap initially, over the long term it can be quite costly.",0,"","Which option is right for me ?","Dental implants versus other replacement options. Two of the most common options for replacing a missing tooth or teeth are dental implants and dentures. The big difference between the two is the way they fit in your mouth and how much they cost. Dentures aren't permanently attached to your gums or jawbone.",0,"","I have a larger chip , how are the options different ?","Additionally, some chip-specific differences affect code generation.  Code pointers (including return addresses on the stack) are two bytes long on chips with up to 128 KB of flash memory, but three bytes long on larger chips; not all chips have hardware multipliers; chips with over 8 KB of flash have branch and call instructions with longer ranges; and so forth.",0,null,160,true,"100_3_MARCO_2504768","MARCO_2504768","100_3_MARCO_3521892","MARCO_3521892","100_3_MARCO_6461170","MARCO_6461170",null,"What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","CAR_bcbcaa340f402f63e5b863dc6be0b6d471a56584","100_3_CAR_bcbcaa340f402f63e5b863dc6be0b6d471a56584","Less tooth reduction is needed for a veneer as opposed to a dental crown. Though this is a positive thing, there are situations, like tooth decay, or broken tooth, where a teeth veneer simply wonâ€™t do. That is why dental crowns exist. Also, dental crowns are much stronger when compared to veneers.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","100_3","What are the pros and cons of having your dentist repair the tooth ?","Due to advances in modern cosmetic dentistry, there are now a number of techniques which dentists can use to repair chipped teeth. Often, patients will have their chipped teeth repaired as part of a broader programme of cosmetic and orthodontic work to improve the overall quality of their smile for the future. If you have a chipped tooth, the first step in the repair process is usually an evaluation from your dentist.",0,null,"What is the difference between the two solutions to chipped teeth ?","If the chip is small, you are not feeling any pain, and no nerve is exposed, it is possible for a tooth-colored bonded composite filling to be placed to repair the chipped area. However, depending on where the chip is located, how your bite looks, and what shows up on the x-ray of that tooth, the best long-term solution could possibly be a crown. The potential problem with placing a filling in a chipped tooth that would be better served by a crown is that over time, the stresses of your bite and other forces on the tooth may cause the tooth the crack or chip even worse.",0,"","Which option is right for me ?","If you need to close a big gap between teeth, metal braces are the better choice. Veneers: These thin, tooth-colored layers of porcelain go on top of your existing choppers. They're a way to fix small, chipped, dull, or stained teeth.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"I have a larger chip , how are the options different ?","To decide if your best option is windshield repair or replacement, Glass Doctor considers a few factors. 1  Size: Though there are a few exceptions, chips larger than 3/8 inch and cracks more than three inches long generally require windshield replacement.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,160,true,"100_3_MARCO_5561850","MARCO_5561850","100_3_MARCO_8175401","MARCO_8175401","100_3_MARCO_7336896","MARCO_7336896",null,"What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","MARCO_5773885","100_3_MARCO_5773885","Porcelain Crowns vs. Porcelain Veneers. There are several fundamental differences between porcelain crowns and veneers: Porcelain veneers are considered the less invasive, more conservative option because they only require the removal of a small portion of the tooth to apply.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","100_3","What are the pros and cons of having your dentist repair the tooth ?","When repaired with tooth bonding, only a small portion of the tooth has to be shaved in order to get the material to bond to the tooth. And, if the dentist is truly an artist, matching the color of the adjacent front tooth is much easier this way than trying to match it with a crown done in a distant lab. â€”Dr.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the difference between the two solutions to chipped teeth ?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy. Learn more about Repairing Chipped Teeth.",0,"","Which option is right for me ?","Dental implants versus other replacement options. Two of the most common options for replacing a missing tooth or teeth are dental implants and dentures. The big difference between the two is the way they fit in your mouth and how much they cost. Dentures arenâ€™t permanently attached to your gums or jawbone.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"I have a larger chip , how are the options different ?","The large chip size demanded larger minimum dimensions for the transistors (due to photolithography manufacturing tolerances over the large chip) than standard-size chips. Consequently, logic density and performance were less than had been forecast.",0,null,160,true,"100_3_MARCO_3521900","MARCO_3521900","100_3_MARCO_6108225","MARCO_6108225","100_3_MARCO_6336961","MARCO_6336961",null,"What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","CAR_7f4722bf09d64a317b4d90a2aa694891a9d9b0cb","100_3_CAR_7f4722bf09d64a317b4d90a2aa694891a9d9b0cb","Veneers are generally preferable because there is less tooth reduction. However, if a tooth does not have sufficient enamel, or is broken down, a crown is necessary. Additionally, if someone's occlusion must be altered, crowns are the best option.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does an implant compare to a crown?","100_4","What are the differences between a crown and an implant ?","An implant integrates with your jawbone and essentially replaces the root of the tooth. A crown is needed to make implants look like teeth again and fill spaces for aesthetics and chewing. If multiple spaces are present an implant may support a denture or a bridge instead.",1,null,"How do dental implants and crowns differ ?","While a successful dental implant can last a lifetime, most crowns do not. They may need to be replaced or repaired periodically, and this is much easier to do if they are attached with screws. Loosening of the screw that attaches the restoration to the implant occasionally happens.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How is an implant different from a crown ?","Rest assured, you can have both with either a â€œscrewed-inâ€\u009d or â€œcementedâ€\u009d implant crown. While implants replace teeth, they are artificial and behave differently from natural teeth. A quick recap will be helpful in explaining why. A dental implant is a tooth-root replacement, to which an implant crown is attached. The crown is the only part you see in the mouth. The implant is placed surgically in the bone of the jaw to which it fuses in a process called osseo-integration (â€œosseoâ€\u009d â€“ bone; â€œintegrateâ€\u009d â€“ to join or fuse).",2,"","What about using an implant to fix a chipped tooth ?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy. Learn more about Repairing Chipped Teeth.",0,null,161,false,"100_4_MARCO_933800","MARCO_933800","100_4_MARCO_8218539","MARCO_8218539","100_4_MARCO_8218535","MARCO_8218535",null,"How does an implant compare to a crown?","MARCO_6108225","100_4_MARCO_6108225","An implant integrates with your jawbone and essentially replaces the root of the tooth. A crown is needed to make implants look like teeth again and fill spaces for aesthetics and chewing. If multiple spaces are present an implant may support a denture or a bridge instead.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does an implant compare to a crown?","100_4","What are the differences between a crown and an implant ?","While a successful dental implant can last a lifetime, most crowns do not. They may need to be replaced or repaired periodically, and this is much easier to do if they are attached with screws. Loosening of the screw that attaches the restoration to the implant occasionally happens.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How do dental implants and crowns differ ?","Rest assured, you can have both with either a â€œscrewed-inâ€\u009d or â€œcementedâ€\u009d implant crown. While implants replace teeth, they are artificial and behave differently from natural teeth. A quick recap will be helpful in explaining why. A dental implant is a tooth-root replacement, to which an implant crown is attached. The crown is the only part you see in the mouth. The implant is placed surgically in the bone of the jaw to which it fuses in a process called osseo-integration (â€œosseoâ€\u009d â€“ bone; â€œintegrateâ€\u009d â€“ to join or fuse).",2,"","How is an implant different from a crown ?","While a successful dental implant can last a lifetime, most crowns do not. They may need to be replaced or repaired periodically, and this is much easier to do if they are attached with screws. Loosening of the screw that attaches the restoration to the implant occasionally happens.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What about using an implant to fix a chipped tooth ?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy.",0,null,161,false,"100_4_MARCO_8218539","MARCO_8218539","100_4_MARCO_8218535","MARCO_8218535","100_4_MARCO_8218539","MARCO_8218539",null,"How does an implant compare to a crown?","MARCO_8367823","100_4_MARCO_8367823","While a successful dental implant can last a lifetime, most crowns do not. They may need to be replaced or repaired periodically, and this is much easier to do if they are attached with screws. Loosening of the screw that attaches the restoration to the implant occasionally happens.",0,2,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How does an implant compare to a crown?","100_4","What are the differences between a crown and an implant ?","A crown is used to entirely cover or cap a damaged tooth. Besides strengthening a damaged tooth, a crown can be used to improve its appearance, shape or alignment. A crown can also be placed on top of an implant to provide a tooth-like shape and structure for function.",3,null,"How do dental implants and crowns differ ?","Dental crowns are individual prosthetic teeth used to replace missing or severely damaged teeth. Crowns are implanted into the jawbone with a titanium implant root or placed with cement as a cap over an existing tooth.",0,"","How is an implant different from a crown ?","Dental crowns are individual prosthetic teeth used to replace missing or severely damaged teeth. Crowns are implanted into the jawbone with a titanium implant root or placed with cement as a cap over an existing tooth.",0,"","What about using an implant to fix a chipped tooth ?","Yes, chipping a tooth means you have lost valuable tooth structure and potentially laid the foundation for additional chips and cracks. Or you may need a root canal if the chip is close to the pulp containing the nerve and it doesn't heal properly from the trauma.As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials.es, chipping a tooth means you have lost valuable tooth structure and potentially laid the foundation for additional chips and cracks. Or you may need a root canal if the chip is close to the pulp containing the nerve and it doesn't heal properly from the trauma.",0,null,161,false,"100_4_MARCO_553075","MARCO_553075","100_4_MARCO_5480462","MARCO_5480462","100_4_MARCO_5480462","MARCO_5480462",null,"How does an implant compare to a crown?","MARCO_4227059","100_4_MARCO_4227059","A natural tooth consists of a root and a crown. If you compare natural teeth to implant-supported replacement teeth, youâ€™ll see they have the same basic parts. Both have a crown (the visible part used to chew food). Both have a root that holds the tooth securely under the gum and is anchored into the jaw.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","100_5","Which is more costly , a crown or an implant ?","A single dental implant in the hands of a hight trained, busy, outstanding, quality based specialist should cost in the range of $2200 to $2500. The crown should cost between $2000 to $3000 performed by a skilled specialist such a prosthodontist.",3,null,"What is cheaper , a crown or dental implant ?","It is better to extract it and place an implant which is far cheaper in the long-term than a root canal and crown. If the tooth is savable with a root canal for the long-term, that is what I would do in my own mouth or my familyâ€™s mouth. A dental implant placed by me has a 99% success rate as opposed to a root canal on a very compromised tooth that may only have a 40-50% survival rate at 10 years! If your tooth is restorable, by all means have the root canal. If not, the cost of a dental implant makes more sense in the long term. It does not cost that much more for something that will probably last your life.",1,"","How much would a crown cost compared to the other ?","The Cost of a Dental Crown. Costs of crowns vary depending on what part of the country you live in and on the type of crown is selected. For example, porcelain crowns are typically more expensive than gold crowns, which are typically more expensive than porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns. Generally, crowns can range in cost from $500 to $900 or more per crown. A portion of the cost of crowns is generally covered by insurance. To be certain, check with your dental insurance company first. If you donâ€™t have insurance ask us about our dental financing options.",0,"","Which one is more expensive , a crown or an implant ?","Conversely, those practices where the implant is $1000 and the crown is $1000 should also raise concern. At these prices, one can only consider this an attempt to be a high volume office. This is one procedure that requires education, patience and caution. It cannot be done in a rush, on a high volume basis.",1,null,162,true,"100_5_MARCO_1535011","MARCO_1535011","100_5_MARCO_5660528","MARCO_5660528","100_5_MARCO_8815199","MARCO_8815199",null,"Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","MARCO_2971809","100_5_MARCO_2971809","Dental crowns are one of the most expensive dental procedures you can have done, often costing over $1,000 per tooth. So if you need a crown in the near future, itâ€™s definitely worth your time to investigate some ways to save money on this procedure.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","100_5","Which is more costly , a crown or an implant ?","Conversely, those practices where the implant is $1000 and the crown is $1000 should also raise concern. At these prices, one can only consider this an attempt to be a high volume office. This is one procedure that requires education, patience and caution. It cannot be done in a rush, on a high volume basis.",1,null,"What is cheaper , a crown or dental implant ?","It is better to extract it and place an implant which is far cheaper in the long-term than a root canal and crown. If the tooth is savable with a root canal for the long-term, that is what I would do in my own mouth or my familyâ€™s mouth. A dental implant placed by me has a 99% success rate as opposed to a root canal on a very compromised tooth that may only have a 40-50% survival rate at 10 years! If your tooth is restorable, by all means have the root canal. If not, the cost of a dental implant makes more sense in the long term.",1,"","How much would a crown cost compared to the other ?","Dental Implant Crown Costs. Gold Crown Costs. Cost Summary of Dental Crowns The prices for dental crowns range from $500 to $2,500 per crown and are dependent upon the materials used, location of tooth and geographic location. The average cost of a crown is $825, with or without dental insurance coverage. The cheapest cost of a dental crown is $500 for a simple metal crown. Dental crowns are specifically shaped shells that fit over damaged or broken teeth for either cosmetic or structural purposes.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Which one is more expensive , a crown or an implant ?","A single dental implant in the hands of a hight trained, busy, outstanding, quality based specialist should cost in the range of $2200 to $2500. The crown should cost between $2000 to $3000 performed by a skilled specialist such a prosthodontist.",3,null,162,true,"100_5_MARCO_2971809","MARCO_2971809","100_5_MARCO_4666006","MARCO_4666006","100_5_MARCO_7843829","MARCO_7843829",null,"Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","MARCO_1535011","100_5_MARCO_1535011","There are many different types of dental implant manufacturers using different materials, dental implant crowns, ceramists making the crowns and doctors planning and executing the treatment. Quality materials and highly skilled providers tend to be more expensive. On average the surgery costs $2000 and the crown $2000.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","100_5","Which is more costly , a crown or an implant ?","Cost. Implants are the more expensive of the two when compared in similar circumstances. However, over the course of oneâ€™s lifetime, the former may prove to be more cost-effective. This is because implants tend to last much longerâ€¦. An implant, unlike a bridge, is independent of any remaining teeth.",0,null,"What is cheaper , a crown or dental implant ?","Itâ€™s interesting to learn about how the cost for a dental implant varies between different countries. Whatâ€™s even more interesting is that the cost for an implant and a crown are similarly priced, since the implant costs between $1600 to $2000, and a crown costs $1000 to $3000.",3,"","How much would a crown cost compared to the other ?","How much does a crown cost for a tooth? Dental crowns usually start around $600 per tooth and go up from there. The exact cost of a dental crown depends on what the crown is for and what type of material is used. For example, a crown for a dental implant might be more expensive than a regular crown. A porcelain crown, which looks more tooth-like in color, might cost more than a metal crown placed on back molars.",0,"","Which one is more expensive , a crown or an implant ?","Cost. Implants are the more expensive of the two when compared in similar circumstances. However, over the course of oneâ€™s lifetime, the former may prove to be more cost-effective. This is because implants tend to last much longerâ€¦. An implant, unlike a bridge, is independent of any remaining teeth.",0,null,162,true,"100_5_MARCO_1698259","MARCO_1698259","100_5_MARCO_323127","MARCO_323127","100_5_MARCO_7937774","MARCO_7937774",null,"Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","MARCO_1698259","100_5_MARCO_1698259","Dental implants are expensive. Though the cost of implants varies based on location and dental provider, a single tooth averages about $2,500. With each tooth, patients often need an abutment (which connects the implant to the crown) and crown, bringing the total cost to about $4,000 for a single tooth.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","100_6","What is the coverage of crowns in dental insurance ?","Because dental crowns are typically used to restore a damaged tooth, dental insurance will usually offer partial or full coverage for the cost of treatment. Crowns used for strictly cosmetic purposes will often not be covered, since this would not be considered a medically necessary procedure.",3,null,"Which insurance company will provide coverage for dental crowns ?","We have found that most of the major dental plans that we work with, including MetLife Dental, Guardian Dental, Humana Dental, Cigna Dental, Aetna Dental, Delta Dental and many more do offer a different range of the full coverage dental insurance plans.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the insurance coverage for a crown ?","Dental insurance provides various levels of coverage, depending on the type and cost of crown you receive. All porcelain, porcelain fused to high noble metal, porcelain fused to noble metal, and porcelain fused to predominantly base metal have different costs and coverage levels.",1,"","What is the coverage of the crown in insurance for chipped teeth ?","Because dental crowns are typically used to restore a damaged tooth, dental insurance will usually offer partial or full coverage for the cost of treatment. Crowns used for strictly cosmetic purposes will often not be covered, since this would not be considered a medically necessary procedure.",3,null,163,false,"100_6_MARCO_4338646","MARCO_4338646","100_6_MARCO_6425259","MARCO_6425259","100_6_MARCO_1032849","MARCO_1032849",null,"What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","MARCO_4338646","100_6_MARCO_4338646","Dental insurance might cover about 50% of the cost if the crown is needed for medical reasons, but dental crowns are typically not covered if they are considered cosmetic, and many dental plans have a maximum annual coverage limit of $1,000-$1,500.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","100_6","What is the coverage of crowns in dental insurance ?","Dental insurance provides various levels of coverage, depending on the type and cost of crown you receive. All porcelain, porcelain fused to high noble metal, porcelain fused to noble metal, and porcelain fused to predominantly base metal have different costs and coverage levels.",1,null,"Which insurance company will provide coverage for dental crowns ?","Because dental crowns are typically used to restore a damaged tooth, dental insurance will usually offer partial or full coverage for the cost of treatment. Crowns used for strictly cosmetic purposes will often not be covered, since this would not be considered a medically necessary procedure.",3,"","What is the insurance coverage for a crown ?","Dental insurance might cover about 50% of the cost if the crown is needed for medical reasons, but dental crowns are typically not covered if they are considered cosmetic, and many dental plans have a maximum annual coverage limit of $1,000-$1,500.",3,"","What is the coverage of the crown in insurance for chipped teeth ?","Dental insurance might cover about 50% of the cost if the crown is needed for medical reasons, but dental crowns are typically not covered if they are considered cosmetic, and many dental plans have a maximum annual coverage limit of $1,000-$1,500.",3,null,163,false,"100_6_MARCO_1032849","MARCO_1032849","100_6_MARCO_4338646","MARCO_4338646","100_6_MARCO_964258","MARCO_964258",null,"What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","MARCO_964258","100_6_MARCO_964258","Because dental crowns are typically used to restore a damaged tooth, dental insurance will usually offer partial or full coverage for the cost of treatment. Crowns used for strictly cosmetic purposes will often not be covered, since this would not be considered a medically necessary procedure.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","100_6","What is the coverage of crowns in dental insurance ?","Dental insurance might cover about 50% of the cost if the crown is needed for medical reasons, but dental crowns are typically not covered if they are considered cosmetic, and many dental plans have a maximum annual coverage limit of $1,000-$1,500.",3,null,"Which insurance company will provide coverage for dental crowns ?","InsuranceCompany.com is a specialist in dental insurance, dental discount plans, vision and prescription coverage programs for individuals, families and groups. We have been serving the dental community since 1983, you will find our licensed dental insurance agents are well informed and ready to assist you.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the insurance coverage for a crown ?","Because dental crowns are typically used to restore a damaged tooth, dental insurance will usually offer partial or full coverage for the cost of treatment. Crowns used for strictly cosmetic purposes will often not be covered, since this would not be considered a medically necessary procedure.",3,"","What is the coverage of the crown in insurance for chipped teeth ?","Dental insurance provides various levels of coverage, depending on the type and cost of crown you receive. All porcelain, porcelain fused to high noble metal, porcelain fused to noble metal, and porcelain fused to predominantly base metal have different costs and coverage levels.",1,null,163,false,"100_6_MARCO_964258","MARCO_964258","100_6_MARCO_6598191","MARCO_6598191","100_6_MARCO_4338646","MARCO_4338646",null,"What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","MARCO_1032849","100_6_MARCO_1032849","Dental insurance provides various levels of coverage, depending on the type and cost of crown you receive. All porcelain, porcelain fused to high noble metal, porcelain fused to noble metal, and porcelain fused to predominantly base metal have different costs and coverage levels.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","100_7","I meant to ask if medicare provides dental insurance coverage for crowns .","Quick Answer. Medicare insurance plans do not provide coverage for most dental care procedures, according to CMS.gov. This includes preventative care, fillings, extractions, surgeries and other dental procedures and supplies. Continue Reading.",1,null,"What is Medicare coverage like for dental crowns ?","Medicare Dental Coverage. Overview of Medicare Dental Coverage. Currently, there is Medicare dental coverage for procedures such as rebuilding of the jaw after an accidental injury, or for the extractions which were performed in preparation for treatment of radiation for neoplastic diseases that involve the jaw.",2,"","I wanted to know if a crown is insurance in medicare .","Medicare's dental coverage is limited. Medicare Part A (hospital insurance) does cover limited dental services if you receive them in a hospital, and if they're necessary to perform a covered, non-dental procedure or service. For example, Part A might pay for a tooth extraction in preparation of radiation treatment on a patient's jaw.",2,"","What is the coverage of the crown in insurance ?","Dental insurance might cover about 50% of the cost if the crown is needed for medical reasons, but dental crowns are typically not covered if they are considered cosmetic, and many dental plans have a maximum annual coverage limit of $1,000-$1,500.",0,null,164,true,"100_7_MARCO_6673894","MARCO_6673894","100_7_MARCO_2225957","MARCO_2225957","100_7_MARCO_2044697","MARCO_2044697",null,"What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","MARCO_964258","100_7_MARCO_964258","Medicare Dental Coverage. Overview of Medicare Dental Coverage. Currently, there is Medicare dental coverage for procedures such as rebuilding of the jaw after an accidental injury, or for the extractions which were performed in preparation for treatment of radiation for neoplastic diseases that involve the jaw.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","100_7","I meant to ask if medicare provides dental insurance coverage for crowns .","Medicare is not a source of dental insurance. It. provides coverage for only extremely limited hospital-. based oral surgeries required in conjunction with other. treatments. Therefore, almost 70 percent of Americans. age 65 and older do not have dental coverage.3.",1,null,"What is Medicare coverage like for dental crowns ?","Medicare Dental Coverage. Currently, Medicare will pay for dental services that are an integral part either of a covered procedure (e.g., reconstruction of the jaw following accidental injury), or for extractions done in preparation for radiation treatment for neoplastic diseases involving the jaw.",3,"","I wanted to know if a crown is insurance in medicare .","Medicare doesn't cover most dental care, dental procedures, or supplies, like cleanings, fillings, tooth extractions, dentures, dental plates, or other dental devices.Medicare Part A (Hospital Insurance) will pay for certain dental services that you get when you're in a hospital.Part A can pay for inpatient hospital care if you need to have emergency or complicated dental procedures, even though the dental care isn't covered.edicare doesn't cover most dental care, dental procedures, or supplies, like cleanings, fillings, tooth extractions, dentures, dental plates, or other dental devices.",3,"","What is the coverage of the crown in insurance ?","Dental insurance provides various levels of coverage, depending on the type and cost of crown you receive. All porcelain, porcelain fused to high noble metal, porcelain fused to noble metal, and porcelain fused to predominantly base metal have different costs and coverage levels.",0,null,164,true,"100_7_MARCO_6673893","MARCO_6673893","100_7_MARCO_3873715","MARCO_3873715","100_7_MARCO_5721350","MARCO_5721350",null,"What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","MARCO_1032849","100_7_MARCO_1032849","Original Medicare (Parts A & B) provides some dental and vision coverage, but only in limited situations. If you need dental and vision coverage, you can enroll in a Medicare Advantage plan that includes these benefits. Original Medicare covers limited dental care. It does not cover procedures such as cleaning, fillings, extractions, dentures, and other services. However, Medicare Part A (hospital insurance) will cover some dental services if they are performed in a hospital.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","100_7","I meant to ask if medicare provides dental insurance coverage for crowns .","Medicare's dental coverage is limited. Medicare Part A (hospital insurance) does cover limited dental services if you receive them in a hospital, and if they're necessary to perform a covered, non-dental procedure or service. For example, Part A might pay for a tooth extraction in preparation of radiation treatment on a patient's jaw.",2,null,"What is Medicare coverage like for dental crowns ?","Dental coverage through Medicare Advantage plan. You may be able to get dental coverage under some Medicare Advantage plans. Medicare Advantage plans (Medicare Part C) can include extra benefits like routine dental, routine vision, and Medicare prescription drug coverage.f you want to be able to combine coverage for routine dental care with other medical and hospital coverage, you can get that with a Medicare Advantage plan.",2,"","I wanted to know if a crown is insurance in medicare .","However, some private Medicare health plans do offer dental coverage. If you have a Medicare health plan, check with your plan to see what dental services may be covered. You may also want to look into free or reduced-cost dental clinics in your area run by hospitals, community health centers, and dental schools.Visit.owever, some private Medicare health plans do offer dental coverage. If you have a Medicare health plan, check with your plan to see what dental services may be covered. You may also want to look into free or reduced-cost dental clinics in your area run by hospitals, community health centers, and dental schools. Visit.",2,"","What is the coverage of the crown in insurance ?","Because dental crowns are typically used to restore a damaged tooth, dental insurance will usually offer partial or full coverage for the cost of treatment. Crowns used for strictly cosmetic purposes will often not be covered, since this would not be considered a medically necessary procedure.",0,null,164,true,"100_7_MARCO_2044697","MARCO_2044697","100_7_MARCO_5721352","MARCO_5721352","100_7_MARCO_5721351","MARCO_5721351",null,"What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","MARCO_4338646","100_7_MARCO_4338646","Dental coverage through Medicare Advantage plan. You may be able to get dental coverage under some Medicare Advantage plans. Medicare Advantage plans (Medicare Part C) can include extra benefits like routine dental, routine vision, and Medicare prescription drug coverage.f you want to be able to combine coverage for routine dental care with other medical and hospital coverage, you can get that with a Medicare Advantage plan.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","100_8","Who are some covered dentists in Seattle ?","Rhys Spoor, DDS, FAGD, an international expert in Aesthetic and Restorative Dentistry, has been selected by his peers as one of the Top 10 Dentists for Cosmetic Dentistry in the Puget Sound region, as published in the January 2006 edition of Seattle magazine.",1,null,"How can I find a dentist that takes Medicare in Seattle ?","This directory provides a list of participating DenteMax Medicare providers. You can visit any of the dentists in the directory throughout the country without having to select a primary care provider or get a referral. We do not guarantee that each provider is still accepting new members. To get detailed information about your health care coverage, please see your Evidence of Coverage.",0,"","Show me a list of covered dentists in the Seattle area .","General Dentist w/ Great Opportunity. The Dentist has 17 years experience and has been at the office location for nearly 14 years-The Dentist not only provides General Dentistry treatment but has... Easily apply. 7 days ago-save job-email-more... 1  View all Greenlake Dental jobs in Seattle, WA-Seattle jobs.",1,"","Show me covered dentists in Seattle ?","Rhys Spoor, DDS, FAGD, an international expert in Aesthetic and Restorative Dentistry, has been selected by his peers as one of the Top 10 Dentists for Cosmetic Dentistry in the Puget Sound region, as published in the January 2006 edition of Seattle magazine.",1,null,165,false,"100_8_MARCO_5895144","MARCO_5895144","100_8_MARCO_6558002","MARCO_6558002","100_8_MARCO_4891202","MARCO_4891202",null,"Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","MARCO_5895144","100_8_MARCO_5895144","This directory provides a list of participating DenteMax Medicare providers. You can visit any of the dentists in the directory throughout the country without having to select a primary care provider or get a referral. We do not guarantee that each provider is still accepting new members. To get detailed information about your health care coverage, please see your Evidence of Coverage.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","100_8","Who are some covered dentists in Seattle ?","Dental Implants: What Your Seattle Holistic Dentist Recommends. If you have lost a tooth because of periodontal disease, injury or some other reason, your holistic dentist in Seattle will likely recommend a dental implant. A dental implant is essentially an artificial root that will hold a fake tooth â€“ or bridge â€“ in place to give you a natural-looking, radiant smile. Most dental implants are typically made of dental-grade titanium, however there are also other, non-metal options available.",0,null,"How can I find a dentist that takes Medicare in Seattle ?","To find a doctor that accepts Medicare payments, you may want to visit the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' Physician Compare. You can search by entering a health care professionalâ€™s last name or group practice name, a medical specialty, a medical condition, a body part, or an organ system.hey can also send you a print version of the search results. There are other directories on MedlinePlus that will help you find health professionals, services, and facilities, some of which may serve Medicare or Medicaid payments.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Show me a list of covered dentists in the Seattle area .","Contact SmileCare. Find a Dentist. We make it easy to find a caring dentist. At Coast Dental you'll find over 175 general dentists, endodontists, periodontists and oral & maxillofacial surgeons in our network. We are close to work, close to home, close to you.",0,"","Show me covered dentists in Seattle ?","Dental Implants: What Your Seattle Holistic Dentist Recommends. If you have lost a tooth because of periodontal disease, injury or some other reason, your holistic dentist in Seattle will likely recommend a dental implant. A dental implant is essentially an artificial root that will hold a fake tooth â€“ or bridge â€“ in place to give you a natural-looking, radiant smile. Most dental implants are typically made of dental-grade titanium, however there are also other, non-metal options available.",0,null,165,false,"100_8_MARCO_6833789","MARCO_6833789","100_8_MARCO_1724154","MARCO_1724154","100_8_MARCO_3436701","MARCO_3436701",null,"Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","MARCO_6833789","100_8_MARCO_6833789","If you are a member participating in Medicare Advantage, Medicaid or CHIP, find a dentist by selecting your state below: 1  Arizona. 2  California. 3  Colorado. Florida. 4  Georgia. Idaho. 5  Indiana. Illinois. 6  Kansas. 7  Kentucky. 8  Louisiana. 9  Maryland. Massachusetts.  Massachusetts: Â» 1 Tufts Health. 2  Michigan. Minnesota. 3  Mississippi. Missouri.  New Hampshire. New Jersey.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","100_8","Who are some covered dentists in Seattle ?","â€œMost people donâ€™t brush the tongue side of the teeth,â€\u009d says Andy Marashi, a Seattle dentist. â€œItâ€™s very easy to tell. You get a line of inflammation. Not to mention the debris that sits there and becomes what we call calculus.â€\u009d.",1,null,"How can I find a dentist that takes Medicare in Seattle ?","If you are a member participating in Medicare Advantage, Medicaid or CHIP, find a dentist by selecting your state below: Arizona. California.",0,"","Show me a list of covered dentists in the Seattle area .","How much does a Pediatric Dentist make in Seattle?The average Pediatric Dentist salary is $215,953. In Seattle, a Pediatric Dentist can make $134,662, which is 37.6% lower than the national median. Filter by location to see Pediatric Dentist salaries in your area.",0,"","Show me covered dentists in Seattle ?","The Childrenâ€™s Museum, Seattle has partnered with UW Pediatric Dentistry to create a day at the Museum that will make you flash a pearly white smile! The day includes Tooth-tacular Story Times, germy craft stations and visits from local dentists! On-site dentists will provide free quick teeth screenings and help parents prepare for their kiddoâ€™s first (or second) visit to the dentist. 1  Health Teeth Screenings: 11:00am â€“ 3:30 pm.",0,null,165,false,"100_8_MARCO_1933192","MARCO_1933192","100_8_MARCO_4843738","MARCO_4843738","100_8_MARCO_6246216","MARCO_6246216",null,"Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","MARCO_2489672","100_8_MARCO_2489672","Improving Oral Health. DentaQuest serves more than 20 million Medicaid, CHIP, and Medicare Advantage members, and 48,000 dentists nationwide. Our goal is to form lasting connections between members and providers. We make it easy for you to participate in our programs and keep a healthy smile.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is Melania Trump's religion?","101_1","What is the religious identity of Melania Trump ?","Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs; April 26, 1970; anglicized to Melania Knauss) is a Slovene-born American former model who is married to American businessman and President-elect of the United States, Donald Trump.",0,null,"What is Melania Trump 's religious belief ?","Despite his religious beliefs, he was selected by the Emperor Valentinian III and his mother the Empress Galla Placidia to deliver the formal request to the Emperor and Empress Theodosius II and Aelia Eudocia for the hand of their daughter Licinia Eudoxia in marriage. Volusianus left Rome in 436, and reached Constantinople where he delivered his message and initiated preliminary arrangements for the marriage before he fell fatally sick. On his deathbed and under the influence of his niece Melania, who had travelled from Jerusalem to be at his side, Volusianus converted to Christianity—an achievement Melania 's hagiographer recorded in her Vita. \"The infamous pagan noble, leader of the Caeionii, was one of the last to accept the faith of Christ,\" observed Weber on this event.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What faith is Melania Trump ?","Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs; April 26, 1970; anglicized to Melania Knauss) is a Slovene-born American former model who is married to American businessman and President-elect of the United States, Donald Trump.",0,"","What is Melania Trump 's religion ?","Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs; April 26, 1970; anglicized to Melania Knauss) is a Slovene-born American former model who is married to American businessman and President-elect of the United States, Donald Trump.",0,null,166,true,"101_1_CAR_3bb4c5b0f943fe6e713518cd68ae92a7ae4f8097","CAR_3bb4c5b0f943fe6e713518cd68ae92a7ae4f8097","101_1_CAR_c3229d0f2d270b3eae531abc4f0de5226de7ef99","CAR_c3229d0f2d270b3eae531abc4f0de5226de7ef99","101_1_CAR_3bb4c5b0f943fe6e713518cd68ae92a7ae4f8097","CAR_3bb4c5b0f943fe6e713518cd68ae92a7ae4f8097",null,"What is Melania Trump's religion?","CAR_3bb4c5b0f943fe6e713518cd68ae92a7ae4f8097","101_1_CAR_3bb4c5b0f943fe6e713518cd68ae92a7ae4f8097","Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs; April 26, 1970; anglicized to Melania Knauss) is a Slovene-born American former model who is married to American businessman and President-elect of the United States, Donald Trump.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is Melania Trump's religion?","101_1","What is the religious identity of Melania Trump ?","Melania Trump. by ethnic on. Birth Name: Melanija Knavs. Place of Birth: Sevnica, Slovenia. Date of Birth: April 26, 1970. Ethnicity: Slovenian. Melania Trump is a Slovenian-born model. She is married to American businessman and politician Donald Trump.",0,null,"What is Melania Trump 's religious belief ?","Melania is the wife of Donald Trump and mother to his son Barron. She is a Slovenian former model, who reportedly turned down Trump before finally agreeing to go out on a date with him. Fortunately, it turned out well and the two tied the knot on January 22, 2005.",0,"","What faith is Melania Trump ?","In 1998, Trump began a relationship with Slovene model Melania Knauss, who became his third wife. They were engaged in April 2004 and were married on January 22, 2005, at Bethesda-by-the-Sea Episcopal Church, on the island of Palm Beach, Florida, followed by a reception at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate. In 2006, Melania became a naturalized United States citizen. On March 20, 2006, she gave birth to their son, whom they named Barron Trump. Having heard the language since his birth, Barron is fluent in Slovene. In a February 2009 interview on ABC's news program Nightline, Trump commented that his love for his business had made it difficult for his first two wives to compete with his affection for work.",1,"","What is Melania Trump 's religion ?","In 1998, Trump began a relationship with Slovene model Melania Knauss, who became his third wife. They were engaged in April 2004 and were married on January 22, 2005, at Bethesda-by-the-Sea Episcopal Church, on the island of Palm Beach, Florida, followed by a reception at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate. In 2006, Melania became a naturalized United States citizen. On March 20, 2006, she gave birth to their son, whom they named Barron Trump. Having heard the language since his birth, Barron is fluent in Slovene. In a February 2009 interview on ABC's news program Nightline, Trump commented that his love for his business had made it difficult for his first two wives to compete with his affection for work.",1,null,166,true,"101_1_MARCO_2726211","MARCO_2726211","101_1_MARCO_7174465","MARCO_7174465","101_1_CAR_cdf8853addaa8bc945a08429d05c286250b8ce70","CAR_cdf8853addaa8bc945a08429d05c286250b8ce70",null,"What is Melania Trump's religion?","CAR_cdf8853addaa8bc945a08429d05c286250b8ce70","101_1_CAR_cdf8853addaa8bc945a08429d05c286250b8ce70","In 1998, Trump began a relationship with Slovene model Melania Knauss, who became his third wife. They were engaged in April 2004 and were married on January 22, 2005, at Bethesda-by-the-Sea Episcopal Church, on the island of Palm Beach, Florida, followed by a reception at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate. In 2006, Melania became a naturalized United States citizen. On March 20, 2006, she gave birth to their son, whom they named Barron Trump. Having heard the language since his birth, Barron is fluent in Slovene. In a February 2009 interview on ABC's news program Nightline, Trump commented that his love for his business had made it difficult for his first two wives to compete with his affection for work.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is Melania Trump's religion?","101_1","What is the religious identity of Melania Trump ?","Melania Knauss-Trump (born Melanija Knavs, anglicized to Melania Knauss, on April 26, 1970) is a fashion model from Slovenia, and is the wife of the American business executive and real estate magnate Donald J. Trump, whom she married on January 22, 2005.",0,null,"What is Melania Trump 's religious belief ?","Melania Knauss-Trump (born Melanija Knavs, anglicized to Melania Knauss, on April 26, 1970) is a fashion model from Slovenia, and is the wife of the American business executive and real estate magnate Donald J. Trump, whom she married on January 22, 2005.",0,"","What faith is Melania Trump ?","Melania Knauss-Trump (born Melanija Knavs, anglicized to Melania Knauss, on April 26, 1970) is a fashion model from Slovenia, and is the wife of the American business executive and real estate magnate Donald J. Trump, whom she married on January 22, 2005.",0,"","What is Melania Trump 's religion ?","Melania Knauss-Trump (born Melanija Knavs, anglicized to Melania Knauss, on April 26, 1970) is a fashion model from Slovenia, and is the wife of the American business executive and real estate magnate Donald J. Trump, whom she married on January 22, 2005.",0,null,166,true,"101_1_MARCO_1787317","MARCO_1787317","101_1_MARCO_1787317","MARCO_1787317","101_1_MARCO_1787317","MARCO_1787317",null,"What is Melania Trump's religion?","MARCO_1787317","101_1_MARCO_1787317","Melania Knauss-Trump is a Slovenian former model and the wife of American real estate magnate Donald Trump. They married on January 22, 2005.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","101_2","What did Melania Trump work as before getting married ?","Melania Trump. Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs [mÉ›ËˆlaË\u0090nija ËˆknaË\u0090uÌ¯s], April 26, 1970; Germanized to Melania Knauss) is the current First Lady of the United States. Before marrying future President Donald Trump in 2005, she worked as a fashion model; by 2016 she considered herself a full-time mom.",3,null,"What was Melania Trump 's job before she got married ?","Melania Trump. Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs [mÉ›ËˆlaË\u0090nija ËˆknaË\u0090uÌ¯s], April 26, 1970; Germanized to Melania Knauss) is the current First Lady of the United States. Before marrying future President Donald Trump in 2005, she worked as a fashion model; by 2016 she considered herself a full-time mom.",3,"","Where did Melania Trump get her income from before her marriage ?","An immigration attorney and former New Jersey mayor who worked for the Trump Organization said Melania Trump received a green card â€œbased on marriageâ€\u009d before she was married to Donald Trump but now denies the statement. The comments were made to Univision. Melania Trump has said Donald Trump was her first marriage. The Trumps married in 2005, said Univision. A Politico reporter later said the attorney had â€œdenied the Melania marriageâ€\u009d in an email to him. He also said the Trump campaign denies Melania was married before.",1,"","What did Melania Trump do before she was married ?","Melania signed a prenuptial agreement before marrying The Donald. Melania signed one of Donald's notoriously-ironclad prenups before the two wed. Per New York Magazine, hereâ€™s Trumpâ€™s eloquent language about him and Melania signing the prenup:",0,null,167,false,"101_2_MARCO_825245","MARCO_825245","101_2_MARCO_825245","MARCO_825245","101_2_MARCO_2207312","MARCO_2207312",null,"What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","MARCO_5209210","101_2_MARCO_5209210","Melania signed a prenuptial agreement before marrying The Donald. Melania signed one of Donald's notoriously-ironclad prenups before the two wed. Per New York Magazine, hereâ€™s Trumpâ€™s eloquent language about him and Melania signing the prenup:",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","101_2","What did Melania Trump work as before getting married ?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S.",3,null,"What was Melania Trump 's job before she got married ?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S. citizenship in 2006. She is the first naturalized U.S. citizen to become First Lady of the United States.",3,"","Where did Melania Trump get her income from before her marriage ?","Celebrities wealth, income, and salary in 2015, 2016. Melania Trump. Melania Trump is a wife of a famous entrepreneur and billionaire Donald Trump. Although she had some nice income in the past as a model, vast majority of her lifestyle is coming from her husbands pocket. Her personal net worth is estimated to be about $11 million as of 2015.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What did Melania Trump do before she was married ?","An immigration attorney and former New Jersey mayor who worked for the Trump Organization said Melania Trump received a green card â€œbased on marriageâ€\u009d before she was married to Donald Trump but now denies the statement. The comments were made to Univision. Melania Trump has said Donald Trump was her first marriage. The Trumps married in 2005, said Univision. A Politico reporter later said the attorney had â€œdenied the Melania marriageâ€\u009d in an email to him. He also said the Trump campaign denies Melania was married before.",1,null,167,false,"101_2_MARCO_2227465","MARCO_2227465","101_2_MARCO_2542442","MARCO_2542442","101_2_MARCO_8632203","MARCO_8632203",null,"What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","MARCO_2207312","101_2_MARCO_2207312","An immigration attorney and former New Jersey mayor who worked for the Trump Organization said Melania Trump received a green card â€œbased on marriageâ€\u009d before she was married to Donald Trump but now denies the statement. The comments were made to Univision. Melania Trump has said Donald Trump was her first marriage. The Trumps married in 2005, said Univision. A Politico reporter later said the attorney had â€œdenied the Melania marriageâ€\u009d in an email to him. He also said the Trump campaign denies Melania was married before.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},2]
["What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","101_2","What did Melania Trump work as before getting married ?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S. citizenship in 2006. She is the first naturalized U.S. citizen to become First Lady of the United States.",3,null,"What was Melania Trump 's job before she got married ?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S.",3,"","Where did Melania Trump get her income from before her marriage ?","Melania Trump. Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs [mÉ›ËˆlaË\u0090nija ËˆknaË\u0090uÌ¯s], April 26, 1970; Germanized to Melania Knauss) is the current First Lady of the United States. Before marrying future President Donald Trump in 2005, she worked as a fashion model; by 2016 she considered herself a full-time mom.",3,"","What did Melania Trump do before she was married ?","Melania Trump. Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs [mÉ›ËˆlaË\u0090nija ËˆknaË\u0090uÌ¯s], April 26, 1970; Germanized to Melania Knauss) is the current First Lady of the United States. Before marrying future President Donald Trump in 2005, she worked as a fashion model; by 2016 she considered herself a full-time mom.",3,null,167,false,"101_2_MARCO_2542442","MARCO_2542442","101_2_MARCO_2227465","MARCO_2227465","101_2_MARCO_825245","MARCO_825245",null,"What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","MARCO_825245","101_2_MARCO_825245","Questions raised about Melania's marriage history. In an interview with Larry King Live in 2005 Melania Trump said that she had never been married before meeting Donald Trump. Melania and Donald Trump were not married until Jan. 22, 2005 at Bethesda-by-the Sea Episcopal Church in Palm Beach, Florida. When asked to explain the marriage discrepancy, Wildes said he would seek clarification, presumably from the Trump Organization.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Does Melania Trump have children?","101_3","Does Melania Trump have a son ?","Barron Trump, Donald & Melaniaâ€™s Son: The Pictures You Need to See. While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46. Donald, Jr., Ivanka and Eric are all from his first marriage with Ivana Trump. Donald and Marla Maples had one child, Tiffany, during his second marriage. Click the arrow on the right side of the above photo to see the best photos of Barron Trump and his parents.",2,null,"Does Melania Trump have any kids ? If so , who are the ones in the photo ?","Barron Trump, Donald & Melaniaâ€™s Son: The Pictures You Need to See. While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46. Donald, Jr., Ivanka and Eric are all from his first marriage with Ivana Trump. Donald and Marla Maples had one child, Tiffany, during his second marriage. Click the arrow on the right side of the above photo to see the best photos of Barron Trump and his parents.",2,"","Does Melania Trump have children with her husband ?","While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46.",3,"","Does Melania Trump have children ?","While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46.",3,null,168,true,"101_3_MARCO_6008985","MARCO_6008985","101_3_MARCO_6008985","MARCO_6008985","101_3_MARCO_5240171","MARCO_5240171",null,"Does Melania Trump have children?","MARCO_5240171","101_3_MARCO_5240171","While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Does Melania Trump have children?","101_3","Does Melania Trump have a son ?","Trump wore a $200,000 dress made by John Galliano of the house of Christian Dior. In 2006, Melania gave birth to a son named Barron William Trump. Donald suggested his first name and Melania his middle name. As an infant, Barron reportedly occupied his own floor in the Trumps' apartment in Trump Tower in Manhattan, but often slept in a crib in his parents' bedroom. He plays golf with his father and is reported to be fluent in Slovene.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Does Melania Trump have any kids ? If so , who are the ones in the photo ?","Donald and Melania Trump pose proudly with their son Barron at a golf event in January 2015 (Photo: Getty) Melania is also stepmother to Donald Jr, 38, Ivanka, 35, Eric, 32, from Trump's first marriage to Ivana, and Tiffany, 22, from his marriage to Marla Maples.",2,"","Does Melania Trump have children with her husband ?","While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46. Donald, Jr., Ivanka and Eric are all from his first marriage with Ivana Trump. Donald and Marla Maples had one child, Tiffany, during his second marriage.",2,"","Does Melania Trump have children ?","Melania Trump: My Son, 7, Is 'Not a Sweatpants Child'. Melania Trump is famous for her glamorous lifestyle, and she's passed down her luxurious predilections to her son Barron, 7. He's not a sweatpants child, says Trump, 42, of her only child with her husband of eight years, Donald Trump, 66. He doesn't mind putting on [a suit]-but not every day- and he likes to dress up in a tie sometimes like Daddy..",3,null,168,true,"101_3_MARCO_1811498","MARCO_1811498","101_3_MARCO_6960019","MARCO_6960019","101_3_MARCO_2504917","MARCO_2504917",null,"Does Melania Trump have children?","MARCO_4828947","101_3_MARCO_4828947","Melania Trump: My Son, 7, Is 'Not a Sweatpants Child'. Melania Trump is famous for her glamorous lifestyle, and she's passed down her luxurious predilections to her son Barron, 7. He's not a sweatpants child, says Trump, 42, of her only child with her husband of eight years, Donald Trump, 66. He doesn't mind putting on [a suit]-but not every day- and he likes to dress up in a tie sometimes like Daddy..",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Does Melania Trump have children?","101_3","Does Melania Trump have a son ?","Melania Trump: My Son, 7, Is 'Not a Sweatpants Child'. Melania Trump is famous for her glamorous lifestyle, and she's passed down her luxurious predilections to her son Barron, 7. He's not a sweatpants child, says Trump, 42, of her only child with her husband of eight years, Donald Trump, 66. He doesn't mind putting on [a suit]-but not every day- and he likes to dress up in a tie sometimes like Daddy..",3,null,"Does Melania Trump have any kids ? If so , who are the ones in the photo ?","Childrenswear designer: Ms Trump posted an image of herself with Arabella earlier this month, during a design session for her upcoming kids clothing collection in partnership with Born Free. Little Angels: You can see the resemblance between Ms Trump's two darlings in this precious photo.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Does Melania Trump have children with her husband ?","Melania Trump: My Son, 7, Is 'Not a Sweatpants Child'. Melania Trump is famous for her glamorous lifestyle, and she's passed down her luxurious predilections to her son Barron, 7. He's not a sweatpants child, says Trump, 42, of her only child with her husband of eight years, Donald Trump, 66. He doesn't mind putting on [a suit]-but not every day- and he likes to dress up in a tie sometimes like Daddy..",3,"","Does Melania Trump have children ?","Melania Trump: My Son, 7, Is 'Not a Sweatpants Child'. Melania Trump is famous for her glamorous lifestyle, and she's passed down her luxurious predilections to her son Barron, 7. He's not a sweatpants child, says Trump, 42, of her only child with her husband of eight years, Donald Trump, 66.",2,null,168,true,"101_3_MARCO_4828947","MARCO_4828947","101_3_MARCO_3220810","MARCO_3220810","101_3_MARCO_4828947","MARCO_4828947",null,"Does Melania Trump have children?","MARCO_1104877","101_3_MARCO_1104877","Melania Trump: My Son, 7, Is 'Not a Sweatpants Child'. Melania Trump is famous for her glamorous lifestyle, and she's passed down her luxurious predilections to her son Barron, 7. He's not a sweatpants child, says Trump, 42, of her only child with her husband of eight years, Donald Trump, 66.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How old is Barron Trump?","101_4","What 's Melania Trump 's son 's age ?","Barron Trump, Donald & Melaniaâ€™s Son: The Pictures You Need to See. While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46. Donald, Jr., Ivanka and Eric are all from his first marriage with Ivana Trump. Donald and Marla Maples had one child, Tiffany, during his second marriage. Click the arrow on the right side of the above photo to see the best photos of Barron Trump and his parents.",2,null,"How old is Melania Trump 's son ?","Barron Trump, Donald & Melaniaâ€™s Son: The Pictures You Need to See. While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46. Donald, Jr., Ivanka and Eric are all from his first marriage with Ivana Trump. Donald and Marla Maples had one child, Tiffany, during his second marriage. Click the arrow on the right side of the above photo to see the best photos of Barron Trump and his parents.",2,"","What age is Melania Trump 's husband ?","Melania Knauss Trump, Donald Trumpâ€™s Wife: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know. Melania Knauss-Trump, 45, is the beautiful wife of celebrity billionaire and 2016 presidential candidate Donald Trump. Read on for the facts on her below.",0,"","How old is Melania Trump 's son ?","Barron Trump, Donald & Melaniaâ€™s Son: The Pictures You Need to See. While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46. Donald, Jr., Ivanka and Eric are all from his first marriage with Ivana Trump. Donald and Marla Maples had one child, Tiffany, during his second marriage. Click the arrow on the right side of the above photo to see the best photos of Barron Trump and his parents.",2,null,169,false,"101_4_MARCO_6008985","MARCO_6008985","101_4_MARCO_6008985","MARCO_6008985","101_4_MARCO_7597000","MARCO_7597000",null,"How old is Barron Trump?","MARCO_6008985","101_4_MARCO_6008985","Barron Trump, the 11-year-old son of President Trump, will attend the private St. Andrew's Episcopal School in Potomac, Maryland, this fall.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How old is Barron Trump?","101_4","What 's Melania Trump 's son 's age ?","At age 46, Melania is a mere seven years older than Donald's oldest son, Donald Trump, Jr., who is 38. Awkward, much? She's not that far off in age from Trump's other children, either; Eric, Ivanka, and Tiffany are ages 32, 35 an 23, respectively.",0,null,"How old is Melania Trump 's son ?","At age 46, Melania is a mere seven years older than Donald's oldest son, Donald Trump, Jr., who is 38. Awkward, much? She's not that far off in age from Trump's other children, either; Eric, Ivanka, and Tiffany are ages 32, 35 an 23, respectively.",0,"","What age is Melania Trump 's husband ?","Donald Trump Weds Melania Knauss. Real-estate mogul Donald Trump tied the knot with his girlfriend, model Melania Knauss, in a lavish celebration Saturday. The 58-year-old Apprentice star and his 34-year-old bride exchanged vows in an elegant, traditional ceremony that included Trump s daughter, Ivanka, reading from the scriptures.",0,"","How old is Melania Trump 's son ?","At age 46, Melania is a mere seven years older than Donald's oldest son, Donald Trump, Jr., who is 38. Awkward, much? She's not that far off in age from Trump's other children, either; Eric, Ivanka, and Tiffany are ages 32, 35 an 23, respectively.",0,null,169,false,"101_4_MARCO_3971924","MARCO_3971924","101_4_MARCO_3971924","MARCO_3971924","101_4_MARCO_2569982","MARCO_2569982",null,"How old is Barron Trump?","MARCO_3971924","101_4_MARCO_3971924","Barron Trump. Trump's youngest child, 10-year-old Barron, is his only child with current wife and soon-to-be First Lady Melania Trump. Born in 2006 - a year after his parents' 2005 nuptials - he is closer in age to his eight nieces and nephews than to his siblings.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How old is Barron Trump?","101_4","What 's Melania Trump 's son 's age ?","Melania Trump: My Son, 7, Is 'Not a Sweatpants Child'. Melania Trump is famous for her glamorous lifestyle, and she's passed down her luxurious predilections to her son Barron, 7. He's not a sweatpants child, says Trump, 42, of her only child with her husband of eight years, Donald Trump, 66.",2,null,"How old is Melania Trump 's son ?","Washington Post. Barron Trump, the 11-year-old son of President Donald Trump and first lady Melania Trump, will attend the private St. Andrew's Episcopal School in Potomac, Maryland, this fall after he moves from New York to Washington with his mother.",3,"","What age is Melania Trump 's husband ?","Melania Knauss-Trump, 45, is the beautiful wife of celebrity billionaire and 2016 presidential candidate Donald Trump. Read on for the facts on her below.",0,"","How old is Melania Trump 's son ?","Washington Post. Barron Trump, the 11-year-old son of President Donald Trump and first lady Melania Trump, will attend the private St. Andrew's Episcopal School in Potomac, Maryland, this fall after he moves from New York to Washington with his mother.",3,null,169,false,"101_4_MARCO_1104877","MARCO_1104877","101_4_MARCO_7264058","MARCO_7264058","101_4_MARCO_4921488","MARCO_4921488",null,"How old is Barron Trump?","MARCO_7264058","101_4_MARCO_7264058","Washington Post. Barron Trump, the 11-year-old son of President Donald Trump and first lady Melania Trump, will attend the private St. Andrew's Episcopal School in Potomac, Maryland, this fall after he moves from New York to Washington with his mother.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","101_5","Did Donald Trump meet Melania Trump in the Kit Kat club ? Where is the club ?","Melania met Donald Trump at a fashion industry party at New York's Kit Kat Club in 1998. And in a 2005 interview, her close friend Edit Molnar told The New York Post that Melania was initially turned off by the fact that Donald Trump tried to get her phone number, despite having come to the party with another woman.",2,null,"When did Melania Trump 's son meet her at the Kit Kat Club ? Where is the Kit Kat Club ?","Melania met Donald Trump at a fashion industry party at New York's Kit Kat Club in 1998. And in a 2005 interview, her close friend Edit Molnar told The New York Post that Melania was initially turned off by the fact that Donald Trump tried to get her phone number, despite having come to the party with another woman.",2,"","What happened between Melania Trump and her husband at the Kit Kat Club ? Can you tell me where it is ?","Melania met Donald Trump at a fashion industry party at New York's Kit Kat Club in 1998. And in a 2005 interview, her close friend Edit Molnar told The New York Post that Melania was initially turned off by the fact that Donald Trump tried to get her phone number, despite having come to the party with another woman.",2,"","Where did Melania Trump and Donald Trump meet at the Kit Kat Club ?","Melania met Donald Trump at a fashion industry party at New York's Kit Kat Club in 1998. And in a 2005 interview, her close friend Edit Molnar told The New York Post that Melania was initially turned off by the fact that Donald Trump tried to get her phone number, despite having come to the party with another woman.",2,null,170,true,"101_5_MARCO_7084641","MARCO_7084641","101_5_MARCO_7084641","MARCO_7084641","101_5_MARCO_7084641","MARCO_7084641",null,"Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","MARCO_7084641","101_5_MARCO_7084641","â€œMeet Melania Trump, a new model for first ladyâ€\u009d. By Mary Jordan. Before she met Donald Trump at the Kit Kat Club in Manhattan and stepped into a glitzy world of limos and penthouses, diamonds and caviar, Melania Knauss lived quietly.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","101_5","Did Donald Trump meet Melania Trump in the Kit Kat club ? Where is the club ?","â€œMeet Melania Trump, a new model for first ladyâ€\u009d. By Mary Jordan. Before she met Donald Trump at the Kit Kat Club in Manhattan and stepped into a glitzy world of limos and penthouses, diamonds and caviar, Melania Knauss lived quietly.",2,null,"When did Melania Trump 's son meet her at the Kit Kat Club ? Where is the Kit Kat Club ?","Donald and Melania Trump, with their son, Barron, attend the Trump Invitational Grand Prix in January at The Mar-A-Lago Club in Palm Beach, Fla. Paolo Zampolli wanted to throw a memorable party for his ID Modeling Agency during New Yorkâ€™s Fashion Week in 1998, so he chose the Kit Kat Klub, a hot Manhattan nightspot.",2,"","What happened between Melania Trump and her husband at the Kit Kat Club ? Can you tell me where it is ?","And it was her career that led her to her future husband. In 1998, then 28-year-old Melania first met Donald Trump, then 52, at New York's Kit Kat Club and she refused to give him her number (it was said he was at the party with another woman). But he gave her his number and eventually Melania called him back.",2,"","Where did Melania Trump and Donald Trump meet at the Kit Kat Club ?","Meet Melania Trump, a new model for first lady. Melania Trump finds herself directly in the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign spotlight. Melania Trump has rarely accompanied Donald Trump lately as he criss-crosses the country campaigning to be president. Before she met Donald Trump at the Kit Kat Club in Manhattan and stepped into a glitzy world of limos and penthouses, diamonds and caviar, Melania Knauss lived quietly.",2,null,170,true,"101_5_MARCO_71875","MARCO_71875","101_5_MARCO_4598066","MARCO_4598066","101_5_MARCO_377728","MARCO_377728",null,"Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","MARCO_4491796","101_5_MARCO_4491796","Meet Melania Trump, a new model for first lady. Melania Trump finds herself directly in the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign spotlight. Melania Trump has rarely accompanied Donald Trump lately as he criss-crosses the country campaigning to be president. Before she met Donald Trump at the Kit Kat Club in Manhattan and stepped into a glitzy world of limos and penthouses, diamonds and caviar, Melania Knauss lived quietly.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","101_5","Did Donald Trump meet Melania Trump in the Kit Kat club ? Where is the club ?","Meet Melania Trump, a new model for first lady. Melania Trump finds herself directly in the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign spotlight. Melania Trump has rarely accompanied Donald Trump lately as he criss-crosses the country campaigning to be president. Before she met Donald Trump at the Kit Kat Club in Manhattan and stepped into a glitzy world of limos and penthouses, diamonds and caviar, Melania Knauss lived quietly.",2,null,"When did Melania Trump 's son meet her at the Kit Kat Club ? Where is the Kit Kat Club ?","And it was her career that led her to her future husband. In 1998, then 28-year-old Melania first met Donald Trump, then 52, at New York's Kit Kat Club and she refused to give him her number (it was said he was at the party with another woman). But he gave her his number and eventually Melania called him back.",2,"","What happened between Melania Trump and her husband at the Kit Kat Club ? Can you tell me where it is ?","Donald and Melania Trump, with their son, Barron, attend the Trump Invitational Grand Prix in January at The Mar-A-Lago Club in Palm Beach, Fla. Paolo Zampolli wanted to throw a memorable party for his ID Modeling Agency during New Yorkâ€™s Fashion Week in 1998, so he chose the Kit Kat Klub, a hot Manhattan nightspot.",2,"","Where did Melania Trump and Donald Trump meet at the Kit Kat Club ?","Donald and Melania Trump, with their son, Barron, attend the Trump Invitational Grand Prix in January at The Mar-A-Lago Club in Palm Beach, Fla. Paolo Zampolli wanted to throw a memorable party for his ID Modeling Agency during New Yorkâ€™s Fashion Week in 1998, so he chose the Kit Kat Klub, a hot Manhattan nightspot.",2,null,170,true,"101_5_MARCO_4491796","MARCO_4491796","101_5_MARCO_377728","MARCO_377728","101_5_MARCO_4598066","MARCO_4598066",null,"Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","MARCO_4598066","101_5_MARCO_4598066","Melania met Donald Trump at a fashion industry party at New York's Kit Kat Club in 1998. And in a 2005 interview, her close friend Edit Molnar told The New York Post that Melania was initially turned off by the fact that Donald Trump tried to get her phone number, despite having come to the party with another woman.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When did Melania Trump become a model?","101_6","When was Melania Trump considered a model ?","Melania Trumpâ€™s girl-on-girl photos from racy shoot revealed. Melania Trump (right) models for a January 1996 issue of France's Max Magazine. Hereâ€™s the nationâ€™s would-be first lady â€” and right beside her, a second lady. Three years before she met husband Donald Trump, Melania Trump was snapped in a nude frolic with another female model, bombshell photos obtained exclusively by The Post show. Several were featured in Max Magazine, a now-defunct French menâ€™s monthly, more than 20 years ago. Others have never been in print â€” until now.",1,null,"When did Melania Trump start working as a model ?","Melania Trump modeled for a number of publications, including FHM magazine in 2000. During the early part of her modeling career, she also changed her name to the more German-sounding Knauss. Melania came to New York in 1996, moved into an apartment by Union Square in Lower Manhattan and made her own way.",1,"","When did Melania Trump start her modeling career ?","Melania Trump modeled for a number of publications, including FHM magazine in 2000. During the early part of her modeling career, she also changed her name to the more German-sounding Knauss. Melania came to New York in 1996, moved into an apartment by Union Square in Lower Manhattan and made her own way.",1,"","When did Melania Trump become a model ?","Melania Trumpâ€™s girl-on-girl photos from racy shoot revealed. Melania Trump (right) models for a January 1996 issue of France's Max Magazine. Hereâ€™s the nationâ€™s would-be first lady â€” and right beside her, a second lady. Three years before she met husband Donald Trump, Melania Trump was snapped in a nude frolic with another female model, bombshell photos obtained exclusively by The Post show. Several were featured in Max Magazine, a now-defunct French menâ€™s monthly, more than 20 years ago. Others have never been in print â€” until now.",1,null,171,false,"101_6_MARCO_377729","MARCO_377729","101_6_MARCO_6139004","MARCO_6139004","101_6_MARCO_6139004","MARCO_6139004",null,"When did Melania Trump become a model?","MARCO_377729","101_6_MARCO_377729","Melania Trump modeled for a number of publications, including FHM magazine in 2000. During the early part of her modeling career, she also changed her name to the more German-sounding Knauss. Melania came to New York in 1996, moved into an apartment by Union Square in Lower Manhattan and made her own way.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When did Melania Trump become a model?","101_6","When was Melania Trump considered a model ?","Melania Trump modeled for a number of publications, including FHM magazine in 2000. During the early part of her modeling career, she also changed her name to the more German-sounding Knauss. Melania came to New York in 1996, moved into an apartment by Union Square in Lower Manhattan and made her own way.",1,null,"When did Melania Trump start working as a model ?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S.",1,"","When did Melania Trump start her modeling career ?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S. citizenship in 2006. She is the first naturalized U.S. citizen to become First Lady of the United States.",1,"","When did Melania Trump become a model ?","Melania Trump modeled for a number of publications, including FHM magazine in 2000. During the early part of her modeling career, she also changed her name to the more German-sounding Knauss. Melania came to New York in 1996, moved into an apartment by Union Square in Lower Manhattan and made her own way.",1,null,171,false,"101_6_MARCO_6139004","MARCO_6139004","101_6_MARCO_2227465","MARCO_2227465","101_6_MARCO_2542442","MARCO_2542442",null,"When did Melania Trump become a model?","MARCO_6139004","101_6_MARCO_6139004","Melania Trumpâ€™s girl-on-girl photos from racy shoot revealed. Melania Trump (right) models for a January 1996 issue of France's Max Magazine. Hereâ€™s the nationâ€™s would-be first lady â€” and right beside her, a second lady. Three years before she met husband Donald Trump, Melania Trump was snapped in a nude frolic with another female model, bombshell photos obtained exclusively by The Post show. Several were featured in Max Magazine, a now-defunct French menâ€™s monthly, more than 20 years ago. Others have never been in print â€” until now.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When did Melania Trump become a model?","101_6","When was Melania Trump considered a model ?","What we do know of Melania Trump includes her fashion, and it's an area in which she's in full command. She was, after all, a professional model, walking runways in Milan and Paris in the 1980s and '90s and inhabiting a world of luxury even after she ended her fashion week stints. As many have noted, Melania Trump has a uniform.",2,null,"When did Melania Trump start working as a model ?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S. citizenship in 2006. She is the first naturalized U.S. citizen to become First Lady of the United States.",1,"","When did Melania Trump start her modeling career ?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S.",1,"","When did Melania Trump become a model ?","melania trump s girl on girl photos from racy shoot revealed melania trump right models for a january 1996 issue of france s max magazine here s the nation s would be first lady and right beside her a second lady three years before she met husband donald trump melania trump was snapped in a nude frolic with another female model bombshell photos obtained exclusively by the post show several were featured in max magazine a now defunct french men s monthly more than 20 years ago others have never been in print until now",1,null,171,false,"101_6_MARCO_2431295","MARCO_2431295","101_6_MARCO_2542442","MARCO_2542442","101_6_MARCO_2227465","MARCO_2227465",null,"When did Melania Trump become a model?","MARCO_2582168","101_6_MARCO_2582168","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S. citizenship in 2006. She is the first naturalized U.S. citizen to become First Lady of the United States.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","101_7","Do we pay for the First Lady Melania Trump ?","Taxpayers are also on the hook for protecting First Lady Melania Trump, who has decided to continue living in New York City. According to the Post, police officials estimate the annual cost of guarding Trump Tower could be as high as $183 million. Trump stands to benefit from all these taxpayers expenses.",0,null,"Is it still up to us to pay the First Lady ?","Foxâ€™s Ed Henry Asks Jay Carney if Taxpayers Will Pay to Fly Michelle Obama Home. President Obamaâ€˜s and First Lady Michelle Obamaâ€˜s vacations have long been a topic of particular fascination for some media outlets, and a detail about their latest hiatus came up at the end of Mondayâ€™s White House daily briefing.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How much does the average person pay to the First Lady Melania Trump ?","And, not surprisingly, who you work for makes a difference in your paycheck. The press secretary to First Lady Michelle Obama is paid $80,000. The press secretary to the President makes $172,200 and Gibbs's deputies make $113,000. Many White House workers labor long hours for modest pay in return for the thrill of being where the action is.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Do we pay the First Lady Melania Trump ?","Taxpayers are also on the hook for protecting First Lady Melania Trump, who has decided to continue living in New York City. According to the Post, police officials estimate the annual cost of guarding Trump Tower could be as high as $183 million. Trump stands to benefit from all these taxpayers expenses.",0,null,172,true,"101_7_MARCO_422511","MARCO_422511","101_7_MARCO_3122506","MARCO_3122506","101_7_MARCO_8262201","MARCO_8262201",null,"Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","MARCO_422511","101_7_MARCO_422511","First Lady Michelle Obama. The first lady of the United States is not elected, has no constitutional duties and receives no salary, but that doesnâ€™t mean the position is without its privileges â€“ including a staff of 22 White House employees who make a combined nearly $1.5 million per year.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","101_7","Do we pay for the First Lady Melania Trump ?","In that vein, an Internet meme loosed on social media nine months into Donald Trumpâ€™s presidency made the claim that taxpayer expenditures on vacations, golf, and personal security for the president, First Lady Melania Trump, and their youngest son Barron had thus far averaged more than $16 million per month, as compared to an average of about $1 million per month for travel by President Obama and immediate family during Obamaâ€™s entire eight years in office.",0,null,"Is it still up to us to pay the First Lady ?","â€œIâ€™m the First Lady who has to support the church with my personal money, so Iâ€™m not too happy about that,â€\u009d said Stanis. â€œAnd the funds are getting a bit low and my husband doesnâ€™t seem to understand that and heâ€™s not paying much attention to me or my children. Sheâ€™s still there hanging on beside her husband.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much does the average person pay to the First Lady Melania Trump ?","Despite her popularity with the public, Sahagún was criticized by legislators and media for using her position as First Lady to set up a future run for the presidency. She was also criticized for her spending habits, including her publicly funded staff of 38, with the top 11 employees costing a total of $782,000 a year.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Do we pay the First Lady Melania Trump ?","Enthusiastic â€œyesâ€\u009d. Tommy Hilfiger: â€œI think Melania is a very beautiful woman and I think any designer should be proud to dress her.â€\u009d (WWD, paywall) Yes, because I respect the office. Diane von Furstenberg: â€œMelania deserves the respect of any first lady before her.â€\u009d (WWD)",0,null,172,true,"101_7_MARCO_8462081","MARCO_8462081","101_7_MARCO_5218439","MARCO_5218439","101_7_CAR_2f62fc72070551bc226811b6aeb6cc76fa90ee11","CAR_2f62fc72070551bc226811b6aeb6cc76fa90ee11",null,"Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","MARCO_8667789","101_7_MARCO_8667789","The First Lady of the United States is the hostess of the White House. The position is traditionally filled by the wife of the President of the United States, but, on occasion, the title has been applied to women who were not presidents’ wives, such as when the president was a bachelor or widower, or when the wife of the president was unable to fulfill the duties of the First Lady herself. The First Lady is not an elected position; it carries no official duties and receives no salary. Nonetheless, she attends many official ceremonies and functions of state either along with or in place of the president. Traditionally, the First Lady does not hold outside employment while occupying the office. She has her own staff, including the White House Social Secretary, the Chief of Staff, the Press Secretary, the Chief Floral Designer, and the Executive Chef. The Office of the First Lady is also in charge of all social and ceremonial events of the White House, and is a branch of the Executive Office of the President.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},1]
["Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","101_7","Do we pay for the First Lady Melania Trump ?","Enthusiastic â€œyesâ€\u009d. Tommy Hilfiger: â€œI think Melania is a very beautiful woman and I think any designer should be proud to dress her.â€\u009d (WWD, paywall) Yes, because I respect the office. Diane von Furstenberg: â€œMelania deserves the respect of any first lady before her.â€\u009d (WWD)",0,null,"Is it still up to us to pay the First Lady ?","First date aside, though, men shouldnâ€™t expect to pay for every date during the first two months. On those occasions when the lady instigates the meeting, the guy should allow her to pick up the tab.",0,"","How much does the average person pay to the First Lady Melania Trump ?","US President Donald Trump and First Lady Melania Trump arrive for a rally on February 18, 2017 in Melbourne, Florida. (Getty) Since becoming First Lady, Melania Trump has found her style focus and quickly become a fashion icon.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Do we pay the First Lady Melania Trump ?","In that vein, an Internet meme loosed on social media nine months into Donald Trumpâ€™s presidency made the claim that taxpayer expenditures on vacations, golf, and personal security for the president, First Lady Melania Trump, and their youngest son Barron had thus far averaged more than $16 million per month, as compared to an average of about $1 million per month for travel by President Obama and immediate family during Obamaâ€™s entire eight years in office.",0,null,172,true,"101_7_MARCO_8667789","MARCO_8667789","101_7_MARCO_146199","MARCO_146199","101_7_MARCO_1707426","MARCO_1707426",null,"Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","MARCO_8462081","101_7_MARCO_8462081","Since 1985, the National Governors Association has encouraged state First Ladies and Gentlemen to pursue their own, distinct causes and public agendas. The public role of the first spouse is traditionally ceremonial. Like the First Ladies of the United States, state and territorial first spouses are not elected and earn no government salary. However, traditionally first spouses also champion important causes either nationally or within their individual states or territories, such as charitable and humanitarian work. First spouses are often seen as high profile individuals who can direct public awareness towards a particular cause or campaign. For example, the nation's first spouses launched a nationwide national breast cancer awareness campaign in conjunction with the National Governors Association in 1994. In collaboration with the breast cancer initiative, some First Spouses participated in media campaigns, public relations, chaired statewide breast cancer awareness committees, and even spearheaded the creation of a specific women's departments within state health departments. Diverse initiatives championed by individual current First Spouses have included advocacy against drunk driving, heart disease in women, the Special Olympics, and development assistance projects in Rwanda.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","101_8","Is it true for Ivanka Trump ?","Ivanka Trump plastic surgery rumor is going wild nowadays; many people ask whether the rumor is true or no more than just a gossip. Well, IvankaTrump is from a rich family and has become a famous actress. She has a pretty appearance. Today, she has surprised her fans with her new appearance.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What amount do we pay Ivanka Trump ?","Ivanka Trump net worth: $150 Million. Ivanka Trump net worth: Ivanka Trump is an American businesswoman, writer, heiress and former model who has a net worth of $150 million dollars. The daughter of Donald Trump and Ivana Trump, Ivanka Trump is a businesswoman and model.",0,"","Why does the average person pay to the First Lady apply to Ivanka Trump ?","Ivanka Trump, for her part, has praised the first ladyâ€™s virtues as a mom and a philanthropist even though they're not related by blood. Donald Trump had Ivanka with his first wife, Ivana, before the two divorced in 1992. The president then went on to marry Marla Maples, whom he divorced before marrying Melania Trump in 2005. â€œMelania is an unbelievable mother. Itâ€™s pretty uncommon for wives of candidates to not be on the campaign trail every day.",0,"","What about Ivanka Trump ?","Ivanka Trump. Ivanka Marie Trump (/iËˆvÉ‘Ë\u0090Å‹kÉ™/; born October 30, 1981) is an American businesswoman who is an adviser to President Donald Trump. She is the daughter of the president and his first wife, former model Ivana Trump.",0,null,173,false,"101_8_MARCO_3425622","MARCO_3425622","101_8_MARCO_197799","MARCO_197799","101_8_MARCO_6459728","MARCO_6459728",null,"Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","MARCO_4951113","101_8_MARCO_4951113","Public officials are not allowed to hire or promote relatives, but Ivanka Trump and her father, the president of the United States, aren't worried about violating ethics rules with her new job at the White House. Since Ivanka Trump is not getting paid, the White House has said she and other Trump relatives working in Washington are in the clear. The president's oldest daughter has been hired at the White House as an unpaid employee with the title Assistant to the President, the Donald Trump administration announced Wednesday. But despite her nonexistent salary, being the daughter of the president comes with many perks.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","101_8","Is it true for Ivanka Trump ?","So, Ivanka Trump has possibly done some procedures of plastic surgery. The current photos from media reports her as always shows that she has done â€˜somethingâ€™ to her nose, breast, and her lips. She is actually looking beautiful without the plastic surgery.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What amount do we pay Ivanka Trump ?","Ivanka Trump Net Worth is $150 Million. Ivanka Trump was born in New York and has an estimated net worth of $150 million dollars. The daughter of Donald Trump and Ivana Trump, Ivanka Trump is a businesswoman and model.",0,"","Why does the average person pay to the First Lady apply to Ivanka Trump ?","Melania Trump has said she plans to remain in New York for the first part of her husband's presidency while 10-year old Barron finishes school. This has led to suggestions that Donald Trump's daughter, Ivanka, could take on some of the roles traditionally performed by the First Lady.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What about Ivanka Trump ?","Ivanka Trump. Not to be confused with her mother, Ivana Trump. Ivanka Marie Trump (/iËˆvÉ‘Ë\u0090Å‹kÉ™/; born October 30, 1981) is an American businesswoman and former fashion model who is currently an assistant to President Donald Trump. She is the daughter of the president and his first wife, former model Ivana Trump.",0,null,173,false,"101_8_MARCO_1191998","MARCO_1191998","101_8_MARCO_6164712","MARCO_6164712","101_8_MARCO_1707422","MARCO_1707422",null,"Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","MARCO_688138","101_8_MARCO_688138","Ivanka Trump is now officially an employee of the U.S. government. The White House announced Wednesday that she will take no pay and serve as an assistant to the president. The role comes after NBC News confirmed earlier this week that the first daughter would have an office in the West Wing.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","101_8","Is it true for Ivanka Trump ?","The truth of this has been underscored in a variety of ways as the Trump campaign continues to gather momentum. When Mr. Trump formally announced in June, it was not his wife who offered remarks but Ivanka Trump, the 33-year-old daughter some have already begun referring to as his unofficial campaign spouse.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What amount do we pay Ivanka Trump ?","Ivanka Trump Net Worth. Ivanka Trump Net Worth is $150 Million. Ivanka Trump was born in New York and has an estimated net worth of $150 million dollars. The daughter of Donald Trump and Ivana Trump, Iv...[read more] https://www.richestnetworth.com/ivanka-trump-net-worth/.",0,"","Why does the average person pay to the First Lady apply to Ivanka Trump ?","Ivanka Trump will take on a more formal role working for her father, President Donald Trump, as an official unpaid employee in the White House, The New York Times reported Wednesday. â€œWe are pleased that Ivanka Trump has chosen to take this step in her unprecedented role as First Daughter and in support of the President,â€\u009d the White House said in a statement Wednesday.",3,"","What about Ivanka Trump ?","Ivanka Marie Trump (, born October 30, 1981) is an American businesswoman and former fashion model. She is the daughter of real estate developer and President-elect of the United States, Donald Trump and former model Ivana Trump. She is the Executive Vice President of Development & Acquisitions at her father's company, the Trump Organization, where her work is focused on the company's real estate and hotel management initiatives.",0,null,173,false,"101_8_MARCO_8492668","MARCO_8492668","101_8_MARCO_6164714","MARCO_6164714","101_8_MARCO_8121885","MARCO_8121885",null,"Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","CAR_4fa315dd05a40ec531989796cdb310d9a91d97f3","101_8_CAR_4fa315dd05a40ec531989796cdb310d9a91d97f3","Ivanka Trump is now officially an employee of the U.S. government. The White House announced Wednesday that she will take no pay and serve as an assistant to the president. The role comes after NBC News confirmed earlier this week that the first daughter would have an office in the West Wing. Her role was first reported by the New York Times.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","101_9","Does the First Lady rule apply to Jared Kushner ?","More worrisome, Ivankaâ€™s White House entrance shows how willing the Trump White House is to flout laws that apply to everyone else. With the appointment of Jared Kushner, Ivankaâ€™s husband, as a senior adviser, the White House stated it did not believe federal nepotism laws should apply to the White House.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What amount do we pay Ivanka Trump and Jared Kushner ?","And, according to The Guardian, that stake alone is thought to have earned her between $1 million and $5 million between January 2016 to March 2017. Jared Kushner and Ivanka are worth 700m. Eases my mind to know we didn't put the elites or their unqualified kids in charge. According to Kushner's disclosure, Ivanka is said to have earned as much as $10 million last year, while her husband earned a whopping $180 million, according to NBC News.",0,"","What about Jared Kushner 's salary ?","Net Worth: $200 Million. It has been calculated that the overall amount of Jared Kushner net worth is as much as 200 million dollars, as of right now. He has earned his whole net worth because of his two successful involvements â€“ being a businessman and an investor. Jared Kushner owns Kushner Properties.",0,"","What about Ivanka and Jared ?","Ivanka, the more charismatic of the pair, is a master of the thoughtful baby gift, the heartfelt dinner-party toast. Jared, who has a more stilted bearing, is a listener and a helper-outer: he volunteers to officiate at weddingsâ€”heâ€™s done twoâ€”and performs pro-bono real-estate work for his friends.",0,null,174,true,"101_9_MARCO_8121881","MARCO_8121881","101_9_MARCO_1167315","MARCO_1167315","101_9_MARCO_4269284","MARCO_4269284",null,"Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","MARCO_2344272","101_9_MARCO_2344272","In August 2015, an USA Today article reported that the Jared Foundation had not issued any grants nor had it given funds for its stated purpose. The article further noted that, on average, the foundation spent $73,000 a year with the majority of that figure paying the salary of the foundation's executive director. More than one quarter of the funds were unaccounted for per the foundation's tax records. The Secretary of State of Indiana dissolved the organization in February 2012 because it did not pay the required five dollar annual reporting fees during the two previous years despite being requested to do so on multiple occasions.",0,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","101_9","Does the First Lady rule apply to Jared Kushner ?","Donald Trumpâ€™s Son-in-Law Has Hillary Clinton to Thank for Skirting JFK-Inspired Nepotism Rules. This week, the Trump transition team announced that President-elect Donald Trumpâ€˜s son-in-law, Jared Kushner, would serve as a senior advisor in his White House. The move has been rumored since even before Trump won the election back in November.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What amount do we pay Ivanka Trump and Jared Kushner ?","Jared Kushner, Ivanka Trumpâ€™s Husband Net Worth 2016: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know. The Trumps arenâ€™t the only ones in their family who are major successes in business and real estate. Ivanka Trumpâ€™s husband is hugely accomplished and has a net worth estimated at 200 million. He is a graduate of Harvard University as well as NYU. Get all the details on Kushner below, focusing on how he has amassed such a large amount of wealth.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What about Jared Kushner 's salary ?","Jared Kushner net worth: Jared Kushner is an American real estate developer who has a net worth of $200 million dollars. Born in New Jersey, Jared Kushner graduated from Harvard University, and went on to earn degrees from the New York University School of Law and Stern School of Business. His acceptance to Harvard raised some eyebrows, as the school seemingly granted it in response to a multi-million dollar donation by his father.",0,"","What about Ivanka and Jared ?","Jared Corey Kushner (born January 10, 1981) is an American businessman, investor and political operative. He is principal owner of the real estate holding and development company Kushner Properties and the newspaper publishing company the New York Observer. He is the son of American real estate developer Charles Kushner and is married to Ivanka Trump, the daughter of Donald Trump. He is among the top advisors of Donald Trump's presidential campaign. From 2007 to 2016, he spent at least $7 billion on New York real estate. In 2007, at age 26, he made the most expensive single-building property purchase in US history. In 2011, Kushner brought in Vornado Realty Trust as a 50% equity partner in the ownership of the building.",0,null,174,true,"101_9_MARCO_3500665","MARCO_3500665","101_9_MARCO_4269278","MARCO_4269278","101_9_MARCO_4269283","MARCO_4269283",null,"Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","MARCO_2924772","101_9_MARCO_2924772","In the years since Charles Kushner was prosecuted by Christie, Murray Kushner has become a generous supporter of Christie and the Republican Party in New Jersey, and Christieâ€™s administration has subsequently delivered big public subsidies back to Kushner.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","101_9","Does the First Lady rule apply to Jared Kushner ?","Ivanka Trump and Jared Kushner were reportedly house-hunting in Georgetown Sunday. 1  Washington (CNN)Ivanka Trump is poised to play an active role in her father's administration, assuming some of the duties normally assigned to the first lady.",0,null,"What amount do we pay Ivanka Trump and Jared Kushner ?","Ivanka Trump and Jared Kushner, President Trumpâ€™s daughter and son-in-law, will remain the beneficiaries of a sprawling real estate and investment business still worth as much as $740 million, despite their new government responsibilities, according to ethics filings released by the White House Friday night.",1,"","What about Jared Kushner 's salary ?","Jared Kushner's net worth is $200 million dollars. Born in New Jersey, Jared Kushner graduated from Harvard University, and went on to earn degrees from the New York University School of Law and Stern School of Business.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What about Ivanka and Jared ?","Road to the Inauguration. President-elect Trump's daughter Ivanka, son-in-law Jared Kushner likely to have formal White House roles. One of Donald Trump's top advisers strongly hinted Thursday that the President-elect's eldest daughter and son-in-law, Ivanka Trump and Jared Kushner, were likely to have formal White House roles in his administration.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,174,true,"101_9_MARCO_3377213","MARCO_3377213","101_9_MARCO_5347156","MARCO_5347156","101_9_MARCO_1167312","MARCO_1167312",null,"Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","MARCO_3457830","101_9_MARCO_3457830","The most egregious example of pay-for-Crimson - play is that of Jared Kushner , now the youthful owner of The New York Observer. While Jared was applying to colleges, his dad, New Jersey billionaire developer Charles Kushner , pledged $2.5 million to Harvard, to be paid in installments.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","101_10","What does Jared Kushner do for the President ?","Here Are All the Jobs Jared Kushner Is Doing at the White House. President Trump has appointed his son-in-law and senior adviser Jared Kushner to head the White House Office of American Innovation, designed to rework the government using inspiration from the private sector. This is quite a big task for a 36-year-old with no former governing experience.",3,null,"What is Jared Kushner doing in the Trump administration ?","Jared Kushner, President Donald Trump's 36-year-old son-in-law, is now serving as a senior adviser in the Trump administration. Though Jared did not have an official role during Trump's campaign, he was nevertheless seen as a de facto campaign manager, and he later served as a member of Trump's transition team.",1,"","What is Jared Kushner 's job at the White House ?","Here Are All the Jobs Jared Kushner Is Doing at the White House. President Trump has appointed his son-in-law and senior adviser Jared Kushner to head the White House Office of American Innovation, designed to rework the government using inspiration from the private sector. This is quite a big task for a 36-year-old with no former governing experience.",3,"","What does Jared do at the White House ?","Here Are All the Jobs Jared Kushner Is Doing at the White House. President Trump has appointed his son-in-law and senior adviser Jared Kushner to head the White House Office of American Innovation, designed to rework the government using inspiration from the private sector. This is quite a big task for a 36-year-old with no former governing experience.",3,null,175,false,"101_10_MARCO_4157445","MARCO_4157445","101_10_MARCO_2344271","MARCO_2344271","101_10_MARCO_4157445","MARCO_4157445",null,"What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","MARCO_4157445","101_10_MARCO_4157445","Here Are All the Jobs Jared Kushner Is Doing at the White House. President Trump has appointed his son-in-law and senior adviser Jared Kushner to head the White House Office of American Innovation, designed to rework the government using inspiration from the private sector. This is quite a big task for a 36-year-old with no former governing experience.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","101_10","What does Jared Kushner do for the President ?","Does Jared Kushner have any influence over his father-in-law Donald Trump? In a word, yes, but it has already proved to be controversial. Jared Kushner has been named as a special adviser to the President, working alongside the chief of staff, Reince Priebus, and Trump's chief strategist, Steve Bannon. It's believed he will mainly focus on trade policy and the Middle East peace process.",3,null,"What is Jared Kushner doing in the Trump administration ?","Here Are All the Jobs Jared Kushner Is Doing at the White House. President Trump has appointed his son-in-law and senior adviser Jared Kushner to head the White House Office of American Innovation, designed to rework the government using inspiration from the private sector. This is quite a big task for a 36-year-old with no former governing experience.",3,"","What is Jared Kushner 's job at the White House ?","Jared Kushner, the son-in-law of President-elect Donald Trump and one of his closest confidants, will join the White House as a senior adviser to the president, Trump announced Monday, while a lawyer assisting the family said that Kushnerâ€™s wife, Ivanka Trump, will not immediately take on a formal role.",1,"","What does Jared do at the White House ?","Jared Kushner, the son-in-law of President-elect Donald Trump and one of his closest confidants, will join the White House as a senior adviser to the president, Trump announced Monday, while a lawyer assisting the family said that Kushnerâ€™s wife, Ivanka Trump, will not immediately take on a formal role.",1,null,175,false,"101_10_MARCO_1167320","MARCO_1167320","101_10_MARCO_4157445","MARCO_4157445","101_10_MARCO_4157439","MARCO_4157439",null,"What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","MARCO_4157439","101_10_MARCO_4157439","Jared Kushner, the son-in-law of President-elect Donald Trump and one of his closest confidants, will join the White House as a senior adviser to the president, Trump announced Monday, while a lawyer assisting the family said that Kushnerâ€™s wife, Ivanka Trump, will not immediately take on a formal role.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","101_10","What does Jared Kushner do for the President ?","Jared Kushner, President Donald Trump's 36-year-old son-in-law, is now serving as a senior adviser in the Trump administration. Though Jared did not have an official role during Trump's campaign, he was nevertheless seen as a de facto campaign manager, and he later served as a member of Trump's transition team.",1,null,"What is Jared Kushner doing in the Trump administration ?","Ivanka Trump's husband wields extraordinary influence in the Trump sphere. Jared Kushner, President Donald Trump's 36-year-old son-in-law, is now serving as a senior adviser in the Trump administration. Though Jared did not have an official role during Trump's campaign, he was nevertheless seen as a de facto campaign manager, and he later served as a member of Trump's transition team.",1,"","What is Jared Kushner 's job at the White House ?","White House Announces Jared Kushner Is Now Responsible For Everything. Donald Trump really needs to meet some new people. The president of the United States has a very difficult job, and in recent weeks weâ€™ve all been given to wonder whether President Donald Trump really wants to do it.",1,"","What does Jared do at the White House ?","The possibility that president-elect Donald Trump's son-in-law, Jared Kushner, could assume a senior advisory role in the White House, has raised a number of legal and ethical questions about the role of family members in the epicenter of presidential power.",1,null,175,false,"101_10_MARCO_2344271","MARCO_2344271","101_10_MARCO_7394529","MARCO_7394529","101_10_MARCO_4157443","MARCO_4157443",null,"What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","MARCO_7411708","101_10_MARCO_7411708","Mar 27, 2017. 1  President Trump has appointed his son-in-law and senior adviser Jared Kushner to head the White House Office of American Innovation, designed to rework the government using inspiration from the private sector. 2  This is quite a big task for a 36-year-old with no former governing experience.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When did social security start in the United States (US)?","102_1","What is the history of Social Security and Social Security 's start in the United States ?","History of Social Security in the United States. A limited form of the Social Security program began as a measure to implement social insurance during the Great Depression of the 1930s, when poverty rates among senior citizens exceeded 50 percent.",2,null,"What year did social security in the United States start ?","United States History. The Social Security Act. At approximately 3:30 p.m. on August 14, 1935, the Social Security Act* became law above President Franklin D. Roosevelt`s signature. The Social Security Act is one of the truly momentous legislative accomplishments in United States history.",3,"","What is social security , and what year was it created in the US ?","United States History. The Social Security Act. At approximately 3:30 p.m. on August 14, 1935, the Social Security Act* became law above President Franklin D. Roosevelt`s signature. The Social Security Act is one of the truly momentous legislative accomplishments in United States history.",3,"","When did social security start in the US ?","When Did Social Security and Medicare Start? Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act in August 1935. The first one-time, lump-sum payments were made in January 1937, and regular monthly benefits were first paid in January 1940. Medicare wasn't enacted until July 1965, with the first beneficiaries signing up approximately one year later.",4,null,176,true,"102_1_MARCO_3845329","MARCO_3845329","102_1_MARCO_5033940","MARCO_5033940","102_1_MARCO_5033940","MARCO_5033940",null,"When did social security start in the United States (US)?","MARCO_4143554","102_1_MARCO_4143554","United States History. The Social Security Act. At approximately 3:30 p.m. on August 14, 1935, the Social Security Act* became law above President Franklin D. Roosevelt`s signature. The Social Security Act is one of the truly momentous legislative accomplishments in United States history.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When did social security start in the United States (US)?","102_1","What is the history of Social Security and Social Security 's start in the United States ?","United States History. The Social Security Act. At approximately 3:30 p.m. on August 14, 1935, the Social Security Act* became law above President Franklin D. Roosevelt`s signature. The Social Security Act is one of the truly momentous legislative accomplishments in United States history.",3,null,"What year did social security in the United States start ?","At approximately 3:30 p.m. on August 14, 1935, the Social Security Act* became law above President Franklin D. Roosevelt`s signature. The Social Security Act is one of the truly momentous legislative accomplishments in United States history.",3,"","What is social security , and what year was it created in the US ?","Social Security (United States) In the United States, Social Security is the commonly used term for the federal Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program. The original Social Security Act was signed into law by President Franklin Roosevelt in 1935, and the current version of the Act, as amended, encompasses several social welfare and social insurance programs.",3,"","When did social security start in the US ?","Q1: When did Social Security start? A: The Social Security Act was signed by FDR on 8/14/35. Taxes were collected for the first time in January 1937 and the first one-time, lump-sum payments were made that same month. Regular ongoing monthly benefits started in January 1940.",4,null,176,true,"102_1_MARCO_5033940","MARCO_5033940","102_1_MARCO_4205379","MARCO_4205379","102_1_MARCO_271639","MARCO_271639",null,"When did social security start in the United States (US)?","MARCO_3237586","102_1_MARCO_3237586","In 1935, President Franklin Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act. This new federal legislature started the collecting of taxes in 1937. Since then, working citizens across the United States began paying into social security in order to have a form of guaranteed income once they reached retirement age. The Social Security Act was initially meant to be a form of basic retirement for working individuals. However, in 1939, an amendment was made to the act that allowed spouses and/or children to begin receiving social security survivor benefits if a parent or spouse was deceased and qualified for social security income.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When did social security start in the United States (US)?","102_1","What is the history of Social Security and Social Security 's start in the United States ?","The Social Security Act. At approximately 3:30 p.m. on August 14, 1935, the Social Security Act* became law above President Franklin D. Roosevelt`s signature. The Social Security Act is one of the truly momentous legislative accomplishments in United States history.",3,null,"What year did social security in the United States start ?","In 1935, President Franklin Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act. This new federal legislature started the collecting of taxes in 1937. Since then, working citizens across the United States began paying into social security in order to have a form of guaranteed income once they reached retirement age. The Social Security Act was initially meant to be a form of basic retirement for working individuals. However, in 1939, an amendment was made to the act that allowed spouses and/or children to begin receiving social security survivor benefits if a parent or spouse was deceased and qualified for social security income.",4,"","What is social security , and what year was it created in the US ?","In the United States, Social Security is the commonly used term for the federal Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program. The original Social Security Act was signed into law by President Franklin Roosevelt in 1935, and the current version of the Act, as amended, encompasses several social welfare and social insurance programs. Social Security is funded primarily through payroll taxes called Federal Insurance Contributions Act tax (FICA) or Self Employed Contributions Act Tax (SECA).",3,"","When did social security start in the US ?","In 1935, President Franklin Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act. This new federal legislature started the collecting of taxes in 1937. Since then, working citizens across the United States began paying into social security in order to have a form of guaranteed income once they reached retirement age. The Social Security Act was initially meant to be a form of basic retirement for working individuals. However, in 1939, an amendment was made to the act that allowed spouses and/or children to begin receiving social security survivor benefits if a parent or spouse was deceased and qualified for social security income.",4,null,176,true,"102_1_MARCO_3558155","MARCO_3558155","102_1_MARCO_1843594","MARCO_1843594","102_1_MARCO_8133250","MARCO_8133250",null,"When did social security start in the United States (US)?","MARCO_1843594","102_1_MARCO_1843594","When Did Social Security and Medicare Start? Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act in August 1935. The first one-time, lump-sum payments were made in January 1937, and regular monthly benefits were first paid in January 1940. Medicare wasn't enacted until July 1965, with the first beneficiaries signing up approximately one year later.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Was social security mandatory?","102_2","Was Social Security mandatory or voluntary ?","However, if a job was covered, or became covered by subsequent law, then if a person worked at that job, participation in Social Security was mandatory. There have only been a handful of exceptions to this rule, generally involving persons working for state/local governments.",3,null,"Is social security mandatory now ?","Over the years, the law changed. Most employees have Social Security protection, because. their states have special agreements with the Social Security. Administration. Theyâ€™re called â€œSection 218 agreements.â€\u009d. Congress passed a law in July 1991 extending Social. Security on a mandatory basis to most state and local. employees not covered by an agreement or a Social Security. equivalent public pension system. Except for workers specifically excluded by law, employees. hired after March 31, 1986, also have Medicare protection. State and local governments may also get Medicare.",3,"","Why is social security compulsory ?","Social Security and Medicare expenditures are funded by permanent appropriations and so are considered mandatory spending according to the 1997 Budget Enforcement Act (BEA).  Social Security and Medicare are sometimes called \"entitlements,\" because people meeting relevant eligibility requirements are legally entitled to benefits, although most pay taxes into these programs throughout their working lives.",2,"","Was social security mandatory in the US ?","However, if a job was covered, or became covered by subsequent law, then if a person worked at that job, participation in Social Security was mandatory. There have only been a handful of exceptions to this rule, generally involving persons working for state/local governments.",3,null,177,false,"102_2_MARCO_4821156","MARCO_4821156","102_2_MARCO_6393602","MARCO_6393602","102_2_CAR_52974f609c91537f7f4c79fedb26df5ff7447113","CAR_52974f609c91537f7f4c79fedb26df5ff7447113",null,"Was social security mandatory?","MARCO_4821156","102_2_MARCO_4821156","However, if a job was covered, or became covered by subsequent law, then if a person worked at that job, participation in Social Security was mandatory. There have only been a handful of exceptions to this rule, generally involving persons working for state/local governments.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Was social security mandatory?","102_2","Was Social Security mandatory or voluntary ?","â€œAny Federal, State or local government agency which requests an individual to disclose his social security account number shall inform that individual whether that disclosure is mandatory or voluntary, by what statutory or other authority such number is solicited, and what uses will be made of it.â€\u009d Sec. 7(b).",0,null,"Is social security mandatory now ?","However, if a job was covered, or became covered by subsequent law, then if a person worked at that job, participation in Social Security was mandatory. There have only been a handful of exceptions to this rule, generally involving persons working for state/local governments.",3,"","Why is social security compulsory ?","Disclosure of my Social Security number is mandatory and may be used for: enforcing child support laws; verifying identity and residency; and by other government agencies who request it from DMV. (ORS 25.785, ORS 807.021, ORS 807.050, OAR 735-062-0005).",0,"","Was social security mandatory in the US ?","In the US, attending school through the twelfth grade, driving on the right side of the road, and obtaining a social security number are all mandatory. The phrase mandatory requirement is redundant. A mandatory action is something that is required, obligatory, or compulsory. Like letting your Great Aunt Edna pinch your cheeks or passing gym to get your diploma. Mandatory is often used in opposition to optional.",1,null,177,false,"102_2_MARCO_3303603","MARCO_3303603","102_2_MARCO_4821156","MARCO_4821156","102_2_MARCO_4751401","MARCO_4751401",null,"Was social security mandatory?","MARCO_1591947","102_2_MARCO_1591947","Must I enter my Social Security number? In compliance with the federal Privacy Act of 1974, disclosure of your Social Security number is mandatory as authorized by provisions of rules 1-63.8, 3-14.1, 3-14.2, and 4-41 of the Rules of the Supreme Court Relating to Admission to the Bar.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Was social security mandatory?","102_2","Was Social Security mandatory or voluntary ?","Reagan was in favor of making Social Security benefits voluntary. According to Reagan biographer Lou Cannon, \"I have no doubt that he shared the view that Social Security was a Ponzi scheme. He was intrigued with the idea of a voluntary plan that would have allowed workers to make their own investments. This idea would have undermined the system by depriving Social Security of the contributions of millions of the nation’s highest-paid workers.\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Is social security mandatory now ?","Social Security and Medicare expenditures are funded by permanent appropriations and so are considered mandatory spending according to the 1997 Budget Enforcement Act (BEA).  Social Security and Medicare are sometimes called \"entitlements,\" because people meeting relevant eligibility requirements are legally entitled to benefits, although most pay taxes into these programs throughout their working lives.",2,"","Why is social security compulsory ?","Social security contributions are mandatory payments made by the self-employed and employees (and their employers) to acquire rights to social benefits. They are not considered taxes in France, while in many Anglo-Saxon countries these contributions correspond to the payroll tax (or to a \"pseudo-tax\" by simply being added to total government revenue). The distinction between taxes and contributions is justified by the fact that contributions provide for direct benefits, while taxes are part of a solidarity system. There are five social security contributions that correspond to various risks. The traditional contributions are sickness-maternity-insurance-disability-death, old age, widowhood, and accidents at work. In 2004, the new solidarity contribution for autonomy (CSA) has been implemented. It is paid by private and public employers for health insurance.",2,"","Was social security mandatory in the US ?","Social Security and Medicare expenditures are funded by permanent appropriations and so are considered mandatory spending according to the 1997 Budget Enforcement Act (BEA).  Social Security and Medicare are sometimes called \"entitlements,\" because people meeting relevant eligibility requirements are legally entitled to benefits, although most pay taxes into these programs throughout their working lives.",2,null,177,false,"102_2_CAR_2066d182765e9b30bc5fb704ab9a1efba6982c24","CAR_2066d182765e9b30bc5fb704ab9a1efba6982c24","102_2_CAR_52974f609c91537f7f4c79fedb26df5ff7447113","CAR_52974f609c91537f7f4c79fedb26df5ff7447113","102_2_CAR_5d36186ea0e8bf4b01bb5874efb3560e4a6f5520","CAR_5d36186ea0e8bf4b01bb5874efb3560e4a6f5520",null,"Was social security mandatory?","CAR_52974f609c91537f7f4c79fedb26df5ff7447113","102_2_CAR_52974f609c91537f7f4c79fedb26df5ff7447113","Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid expenditures are funded by more permanent Congressional appropriations and so are considered mandatory spending. Social Security and Medicare are sometimes called \"entitlements,\" because people meeting relevant eligibility requirements are legally entitled to benefits, although most pay taxes into these programs throughout their working lives. Some programs, such as Food Stamps, are appropriated entitlements. Some mandatory spending, such as Congressional salaries, is not part of any entitlement program. Mandatory spending accounted for 59.8% of total federal outlays (net of receipts that partially pay for the programs), with net interest payments accounting for an additional 6.5%. In 2000, these were 53.2% and 12.5%, respectively.",2,null,1,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},1]
["Who received the first social security check?","102_3","Who received the first payment from Social Security ?","The first reported Social Security payment was to Ernest Ackerman, a Cleveland motorman who retired only one day after Social Security began. Five cents were withheld from his pay during that period, and he received a lump-sum payout of seventeen cents from Social Security.",4,null,"Who was the first beneficiary of the social security funds in the United States ?","1940: The first social security beneficiary was Ida May Fuller, she received check 00-000-001 in the amount of $22.54.",4,"","What was the first check for social security ? Who was the addressee ?","1940: The first social security beneficiary was Ida May Fuller, she received check 00-000-001 in the amount of $22.54.",4,"","Who received the first check for social security in the US ?","The first person ever to receive a Social Security benefit check, issued on January 31, 1940 was Ida May Fuller from Brattleboro.",4,null,178,true,"102_3_CAR_9b6bf9f8396a40796da3f96ede62e0290a818798","CAR_9b6bf9f8396a40796da3f96ede62e0290a818798","102_3_CAR_caf9099f70aa71cb5b50659525a1bd70c05990bf","CAR_caf9099f70aa71cb5b50659525a1bd70c05990bf","102_3_CAR_caf9099f70aa71cb5b50659525a1bd70c05990bf","CAR_caf9099f70aa71cb5b50659525a1bd70c05990bf",null,"Who received the first social security check?","CAR_9d0ec26c5bd172897d7a95582f379daa8619fead","102_3_CAR_9d0ec26c5bd172897d7a95582f379daa8619fead","The first person ever to receive a Social Security benefit check, issued on January 31, 1940 was Ida May Fuller from Brattleboro.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who received the first social security check?","102_3","Who received the first payment from Social Security ?","The first person ever to receive a Social Security benefit check, issued on January 31, 1940 was Ida May Fuller from Brattleboro.",4,null,"Who was the first beneficiary of the social security funds in the United States ?","* When Social Security first began, beneficiaries could take their benefits as a lump sum. [64] The earliest reported applicant for a lump sum Social Security benefit was Ernest Ackerman of Cleveland, OH. Mr. Ackerman retired one day after the program began and paid $0.05 in Social Security taxes.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What was the first check for social security ? Who was the addressee ?","The first person to receive a monthly Social Security retirement benefit, Ida May Fuller of Ludlow, Vermont, earned quite a return on her tax dollars. Fuller paid $24.75 in payroll taxes, which is used to fund Social Security, over three years while working as a legal secretary. She retired at age 65 in November 1939. On Jan. 31, 1940, she received her first Social Security check of $22.54.",4,"","Who received the first check for social security in the US ?","1940: The first social security beneficiary was Ida May Fuller, she received check 00-000-001 in the amount of $22.54.",4,null,178,true,"102_3_CAR_9d0ec26c5bd172897d7a95582f379daa8619fead","CAR_9d0ec26c5bd172897d7a95582f379daa8619fead","102_3_MARCO_2413737","MARCO_2413737","102_3_MARCO_1281883","MARCO_1281883",null,"Who received the first social security check?","CAR_caf9099f70aa71cb5b50659525a1bd70c05990bf","102_3_CAR_caf9099f70aa71cb5b50659525a1bd70c05990bf","1940: The first social security beneficiary was Ida May Fuller, she received check 00-000-001 in the amount of $22.54.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},4,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who received the first social security check?","102_3","Who received the first payment from Social Security ?","During the Social Security program's start-up period between January 1937 and December 1939, the SSA only made one-time, lump-sum payments. According to SSA historians, Ernest Ackerman was the first recipient of Social Security benefits -- 17 cents, paid to him in January 1937. The first person to receive monthly benefits was Ida May Fuller from Vermont, who retired in November 1939 and started collecting benefits in January 1940 at age 65. In the three years that Fuller worked under the program, she contributed a total of $24.75.",4,null,"Who was the first beneficiary of the social security funds in the United States ?","The first person to receive a monthly Social Security retirement benefit, Ida May Fuller of Ludlow, Vermont, earned quite a return on her tax dollars. Fuller paid $24.75 in payroll taxes, which is used to fund Social Security, over three years while working as a legal secretary. She retired at age 65 in November 1939. On Jan. 31, 1940, she received her first Social Security check of $22.54.",4,"","What was the first check for social security ? Who was the addressee ?","* When Social Security first began, beneficiaries could take their benefits as a lump sum. [64] The earliest reported applicant for a lump sum Social Security benefit was Ernest Ackerman of Cleveland, OH. Mr. Ackerman retired one day after the program began and paid $0.05 in Social Security taxes.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"Who received the first check for social security in the US ?","First one on the first Certification List and so the first Social Security check, check number 00-000-001, was issued to Ida May Fuller in the amount of $22.54 and dated Januaâ€¦ry 31, 1940.",4,null,178,true,"102_3_MARCO_4731017","MARCO_4731017","102_3_MARCO_1281883","MARCO_1281883","102_3_MARCO_2413737","MARCO_2413737",null,"Who received the first social security check?","MARCO_6004526","102_3_MARCO_6004526","First one on the first Certification List and so the first Social Security check, check number 00-000-001, was issued to Ida May Fuller in the amount of $22.54 and dated Januaâ€¦ry 31, 1940.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},4]
["When did the government start borrowing from social security?","102_4","Which President first took funds from Social Security ? What year was that ?","Concerns about the Social Security system`s financial health surfaced in the 1980s. In 1983, President Ronald Reagan signed into law, for the first time, the taxation of Social Security benefits.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"In what year did the government begin borrowing from the social security system ?","But Social Security ran it last annual surplus in 2009, and began running permanent annual deficits in 2010. The cost of paying full Social Security benefits for 2010 exceeded Social Securityâ€™s total tax revenue by $49 billion. So how did the government pay full Social Security benefits in 2010? They borrowed $49 billion from China, or one of our other creditors.",1,"","When did the US start borrowing money from the UK ?","Borrowing money on the security of deposited goods has been the subject of minute regulations in the Low Countries from as far back as the year 1600.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"When did the government start borrowing from social security ?","But Social Security ran it last annual surplus in 2009, and began running permanent annual deficits in 2010. The cost of paying full Social Security benefits for 2010 exceeded Social Securityâ€™s total tax revenue by $49 billion. So how did the government pay full Social Security benefits in 2010? They borrowed $49 billion from China, or one of our other creditors.",1,null,179,false,"102_4_MARCO_2356522","MARCO_2356522","102_4_MARCO_8192400","MARCO_8192400","102_4_CAR_fbbaa867d73fcfbd0722b145a50d0c3100cb529a","CAR_fbbaa867d73fcfbd0722b145a50d0c3100cb529a",null,"When did the government start borrowing from social security?","MARCO_8192400","102_4_MARCO_8192400","But Social Security ran it last annual surplus in 2009, and began running permanent annual deficits in 2010. The cost of paying full Social Security benefits for 2010 exceeded Social Securityâ€™s total tax revenue by $49 billion. So how did the government pay full Social Security benefits in 2010? They borrowed $49 billion from China, or one of our other creditors.",1,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["When did the government start borrowing from social security?","102_4","Which President first took funds from Social Security ? What year was that ?","Today, the federal government automatically puts all of the money that should be set aside for the Social Security Trust Fund into the General Fund. Raiding the Social Security Trust Fund was a precedent set in 1968 by another progressive president, Lyndon B. Johnson, to help pay for the Vietnam War. To date, the federal government has borrowed over $2 trillion from the Social Security Trust Fund to spend on other programs.",4,null,"In what year did the government begin borrowing from the social security system ?","Today, the federal government automatically puts all of the money that should be set aside for the Social Security Trust Fund into the General Fund. Raiding the Social Security Trust Fund was a precedent set in 1968 by another progressive president, Lyndon B. Johnson, to help pay for the Vietnam War. To date, the federal government has borrowed over $2 trillion from the Social Security Trust Fund to spend on other programs.",4,"","When did the US start borrowing money from the UK ?","The United Kingdom National Debt is the total quantity of money borrowed by the Government of the United Kingdom at any time through the issue of securities by the British Treasury and other government agencies.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"When did the government start borrowing from social security ?","Today, the federal government automatically puts all of the money that should be set aside for the Social Security Trust Fund into the General Fund. Raiding the Social Security Trust Fund was a precedent set in 1968 by another progressive president, Lyndon B. Johnson, to help pay for the Vietnam War. To date, the federal government has borrowed over $2 trillion from the Social Security Trust Fund to spend on other programs.",4,null,179,false,"102_4_MARCO_3466213","MARCO_3466213","102_4_MARCO_3466213","MARCO_3466213","102_4_CAR_84597a24e6b3da49ad7d7b2eabb8f7018f0b62d7","CAR_84597a24e6b3da49ad7d7b2eabb8f7018f0b62d7",null,"When did the government start borrowing from social security?","MARCO_3466213","102_4_MARCO_3466213","Today, the federal government automatically puts all of the money that should be set aside for the Social Security Trust Fund into the General Fund. Raiding the Social Security Trust Fund was a precedent set in 1968 by another progressive president, Lyndon B. Johnson, to help pay for the Vietnam War. To date, the federal government has borrowed over $2 trillion from the Social Security Trust Fund to spend on other programs.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When did the government start borrowing from social security?","102_4","Which President first took funds from Social Security ? What year was that ?","One of the most pervasive legends in the Social Security debate suggests that President Lyndon Johnson (LBJ) stole the trust fund in order to pay for Vietnam. The Social Security Administration responds directly to this claim. The Social Security Trust Fund has never been â€œput into the general fund of the government.â€\u009d For this myth to be fact, it would require a 50 year conspiracy that crosses administrations, political parties, and ideologies.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"In what year did the government begin borrowing from the social security system ?","None of the money was saved or invested in anything. Social Security is not broken, but at the moment, it is broke. The cost of paying full benefits in 2010 was $49 billion more than Social Security tax revenue for the year. So the government had to borrow $49 billion (probably from China) in order to pay full benefits. And the gap between the cost of benefits and Social Security tax revenue will get bigger and bigger in the years ahead.",1,"","When did the US start borrowing money from the UK ?","The 1928 Financial Agreement only authorised borrowings by governments and did not encompass borrowing by Commonwealth and State semi-governmental and local authorities. In 1936, these arrangements were voluntarily brought under Loan Council control, under the 'Gentlemen's Agreement', to prevent State governments circumventing the Council's borrowing limits. This Agreement remained in effect until 1984–85 when 'Global Borrowing Limits' were introduced.",0,"","When did the government start borrowing from social security ?","The Trust Fund represents a legal obligation of the federal government to program beneficiaries. The government has borrowed nearly $2.8 trillion as of 2014 from the Trust Fund and used the money for other purposes. Under current law, when the program goes into an annual cash deficit, the government has to seek alternate funding beyond the payroll taxes dedicated to the program to cover the shortfall. This reduces the trust fund balance to the extent this occurs. The program deficits are expected to exhaust the fund by 2034. Thereafter, since Social Security is only authorized to pay beneficiaries what it collects in payroll taxes dedicated to the program, program payouts will fall by an estimated 21%.",3,null,179,false,"102_4_MARCO_3484739","MARCO_3484739","102_4_MARCO_1555048","MARCO_1555048","102_4_CAR_1ebca8fd12becba7c89befaf4b7f372ca432d0e4","CAR_1ebca8fd12becba7c89befaf4b7f372ca432d0e4",null,"When did the government start borrowing from social security?","CAR_84edb8f5c9e6ea95e456890e2941d3c70af0fd81","102_4_CAR_84edb8f5c9e6ea95e456890e2941d3c70af0fd81","The Trust Fund represents a legal obligation of the federal government to program beneficiaries. The government has borrowed nearly $2.8 trillion as of 2014 from the Trust Fund and used the money for other purposes. Under current law, when the program goes into an annual cash deficit, the government has to seek alternate funding beyond the payroll taxes dedicated to the program to cover the shortfall. This reduces the trust fund balance to the extent this occurs. The program deficits are expected to exhaust the fund by 2034. Thereafter, since Social Security is only authorized to pay beneficiaries what it collects in payroll taxes dedicated to the program, program payouts will fall by an estimated 21%.",3,null,2,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},2]
["How much money is owed to social security?","102_5","How much is the debt of Social Security ?","Those debts were owed to many federal agencies, but the one that has many Americans howling this tax season is the Social Security Administration, which has found 400,000 taxpayers who collectively owe $714 million on debts more than 10 years old. The agency expects to have begun proceedings against all of those people by this summer.",0,null,"What amounts are owed to the government from social security in the United States ?","The accumulated surpluses are invested in special non-marketable Treasury securities (treasuries) issued by the U.S. government, which are deposited in the Social Security Trust Fund. At the end of 2009, the Trust Fund stood at $2.5 trillion. The $2.5 trillion amount owed by the federal government to the Social Security Trust Fund is also a component of the U.S. National Debt, which stood at $15.7 trillion as of May 2012. By 2019, the government is expected to have borrowed nearly $3.8 trillion against the Social Security Trust Fund.",4,"","How much is owed to social security ?","So - how much does the US government owe the Social Security Trust Fund? Let's look to the most recent Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States (courtesy of TreasuryDirect.gov, *.pdf) to get the answer. So, that's almost $2.6 trillion for the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance trust fund, plus an additional $140 billion or so for the Disability Insurance trust fund.",4,"","How much is owed to the government from social security in the US ?","So - how much does the US government owe the Social Security Trust Fund? Let's look to the most recent Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States (courtesy of TreasuryDirect.gov, *.pdf) to get the answer. So, that's almost $2.6 trillion for the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance trust fund, plus an additional $140 billion or so for the Disability Insurance trust fund.",4,null,180,true,"102_5_MARCO_5318498","MARCO_5318498","102_5_CAR_994a1672ba9d98458e8598543469c88da71c5211","CAR_994a1672ba9d98458e8598543469c88da71c5211","102_5_MARCO_3099200","MARCO_3099200",null,"How much money is owed to social security?","MARCO_3099200","102_5_MARCO_3099200","In 2014, CBO estimates, Social Security beneficiaries with income under $40,000 owed less than 0.5 percent of their benefits in income taxes, on average, while those with income over $100,000 owed 21 percent, as the figure below shows.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much money is owed to social security?","102_5","How much is the debt of Social Security ?","So, when the CATO Institute says that â€œSocial Security is already. $13.6 trillion in debt,â€\u009d they do not mean that we have borrowed $13.6 Trillion from Social Security. They mean that, over the infinite horizon, we face a shortfall of $13.6 Trillion in addition to the $2.4 Trillion â€œsittingâ€\u009d in the Trust Fund.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What amounts are owed to the government from social security in the United States ?","So - how much does the US government owe the Social Security Trust Fund? Let's look to the most recent Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States (courtesy of TreasuryDirect.gov, *.pdf) to get the answer. So, that's almost $2.6 trillion for the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance trust fund, plus an additional $140 billion or so for the Disability Insurance trust fund.",4,"","How much is owed to social security ?","The accumulated surpluses are invested in special non-marketable Treasury securities (treasuries) issued by the U.S. government, which are deposited in the Social Security Trust Fund. At the end of 2009, the Trust Fund stood at $2.5 trillion. The $2.5 trillion amount owed by the federal government to the Social Security Trust Fund is also a component of the U.S. National Debt, which stood at $15.7 trillion as of May 2012. By 2019, the government is expected to have borrowed nearly $3.8 trillion against the Social Security Trust Fund.",4,"","How much is owed to the government from social security in the US ?","The accumulated surpluses are invested in special non-marketable Treasury securities (treasuries) issued by the U.S. government, which are deposited in the Social Security Trust Fund. At the end of 2009, the Trust Fund stood at $2.5 trillion. The $2.5 trillion amount owed by the federal government to the Social Security Trust Fund is also a component of the U.S. National Debt, which stood at $15.7 trillion as of May 2012. By 2019, the government is expected to have borrowed nearly $3.8 trillion against the Social Security Trust Fund.",4,null,180,true,"102_5_MARCO_8300161","MARCO_8300161","102_5_MARCO_3099200","MARCO_3099200","102_5_CAR_994a1672ba9d98458e8598543469c88da71c5211","CAR_994a1672ba9d98458e8598543469c88da71c5211",null,"How much money is owed to social security?","CAR_994a1672ba9d98458e8598543469c88da71c5211","102_5_CAR_994a1672ba9d98458e8598543469c88da71c5211","So - how much does the US government owe the Social Security Trust Fund? Let's look to the most recent Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States (courtesy of TreasuryDirect.gov, *.pdf) to get the answer. So, that's almost $2.6 trillion for the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance trust fund, plus an additional $140 billion or so for the Disability Insurance trust fund.",4,null,2,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},2]
["How much money is owed to social security?","102_5","How much is the debt of Social Security ?","Updated August 15, 2017. The U.S. debt is $19.8 trillion. Most headlines focus on how much the United States owes China, one of the largest foreign owners. What many people donâ€™t know is that the Social Security Trust Fund, aka your retirement money, owns most of the national debt.",4,null,"What amounts are owed to the government from social security in the United States ?","Social Security has collected approximately $2.8 trillion more in payroll taxes and interest than have been paid out since tax collection began in 1937. This surplus is referred to as the Social Security Trust Fund. However, the government has borrowed and spent these amounts for other purposes. The fund contains non-marketable Treasury securities backed \"by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government\". The funds borrowed from the program are part of the total national debt of $18.9 trillion as of December 2015. Due to interest, the Trust Fund will continue increasing through the end of 2020, reaching a peak of approximately $2.9 trillion. Social Security has the legal authority to draw amounts from other government revenue sources besides the payroll tax, to fully fund the program, while the Trust Fund exists. However, payouts greater than payroll tax revenue and interest income over time will liquidate the Trust Fund by 2035, meaning that only the ongoing payroll tax collections thereafter will be available to fund the program.",3,"","How much is owed to social security ?","The Social Security Administration collects payroll taxes and uses the money collected to pay Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance benefits by way of trust funds. When the program runs a surplus, the excess funds increase the value of the Trust Fund. At the end of 2014, the Trust Fund contained (or alternatively, was owed) $2.79 trillion, up $25 billion from 2013. The Trust Fund is required by law to be invested in non-marketable securities issued and guaranteed by the \"full faith and credit\" of the federal government. These securities earn a market rate of interest.",3,"","How much is owed to the government from social security in the US ?","In 2014, CBO estimates, Social Security beneficiaries with income under $40,000 owed less than 0.5 percent of their benefits in income taxes, on average, while those with income over $100,000 owed 21 percent, as the figure below shows.",0,null,180,true,"102_5_MARCO_2717409","MARCO_2717409","102_5_CAR_e99e6e73be6f65f6b1243dfceaca6113bc6b9387","CAR_e99e6e73be6f65f6b1243dfceaca6113bc6b9387","102_5_CAR_646e2c22fbedf435c1362f9fdbea241bfabc0d6b","CAR_646e2c22fbedf435c1362f9fdbea241bfabc0d6b",null,"How much money is owed to social security?","MARCO_3089811","102_5_MARCO_3089811","The accumulated surpluses are invested in special non-marketable Treasury securities (treasuries) issued by the U.S. government, which are deposited in the Social Security Trust Fund. At the end of 2009, the Trust Fund stood at $2.5 trillion. The $2.5 trillion amount owed by the federal government to the Social Security Trust Fund is also a component of the U.S. National Debt, which stood at $15.7 trillion as of May 2012. By 2019, the government is expected to have borrowed nearly $3.8 trillion against the Social Security Trust Fund.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When will social security run out of money?","102_6","When does Social Security run out ?","The latest projections from Social Security's Board of Trustees show that the program's trust funds are set to run out in 2034, and when that happens, the program could face an $11 trillion shortfall. IMAGE SOURCE: GETTY IMAGES. Clearly this news isn't lost on concerned workers.",4,null,"When will social security be out of money ?","Social Security is predicted to start running out of having enough money to pay all prospective retirees at today's benefit payouts by 2033.",4,"","How much longer will social security last ?","In 2003 economics researchers Hobijn and Lagakos estimated that the social security trust fund would run out of money in 40 years using CPI-W and in 35 years using CPI-E.",4,"","When will social security run out of money ?","Social Security is predicted to start running out of having enough money to pay all prospective retirees at today's benefit payouts by 2033.",4,null,181,false,"102_6_MARCO_6061813","MARCO_6061813","102_6_CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","102_6_CAR_86cbded8a8fb7f8f39813802f9aece37796eacd0","CAR_86cbded8a8fb7f8f39813802f9aece37796eacd0",null,"When will social security run out of money?","CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","102_6_CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","Social Security is predicted to start running out of having enough money to pay all prospective retirees at today's benefit payouts by 2033.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When will social security run out of money?","102_6","When does Social Security run out ?","The 2014 report from the trustees of the Social Security program estimated that the trust fund reserves will run out in 2034. That means Social Security won't be able to pay full retirement benefits starting in 2033.",4,null,"When will social security be out of money ?","The 2014 report from the trustees of the Social Security program estimated that the trust fund reserves will run out in 2034. That means Social Security won't be able to pay full retirement benefits starting in 2033.",4,"","How much longer will social security last ?","However, planning to have sufficient assets requires setting realistic expectations of how long retirement will last. According to the Social Security Commission, the average life expectancy for those still alive at age 65 is 84 for males and 86 for females. Planning, however, needs to take into consideration living longer than average, or half of retirees could run out of money before they die.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"When will social security run out of money ?","In 2003 economics researchers Hobijn and Lagakos estimated that the social security trust fund would run out of money in 40 years using CPI-W and in 35 years using CPI-E.",4,null,181,false,"102_6_MARCO_7828169","MARCO_7828169","102_6_MARCO_7828169","MARCO_7828169","102_6_MARCO_8135912","MARCO_8135912",null,"When will social security run out of money?","CAR_86cbded8a8fb7f8f39813802f9aece37796eacd0","102_6_CAR_86cbded8a8fb7f8f39813802f9aece37796eacd0","In 2003 economics researchers Hobijn and Lagakos estimated that the social security trust fund would run out of money in 40 years using CPI-W and in 35 years using CPI-E.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["When will social security run out of money?","102_6","When does Social Security run out ?","Social Security is predicted to start running out of having enough money to pay all prospective retirees at today's benefit payouts by 2033.",4,null,"When will social security be out of money ?","In 2003 economics researchers Hobijn and Lagakos estimated that the social security trust fund would run out of money in 40 years using CPI-W and in 35 years using CPI-E.",4,"","How much longer will social security last ?","In 2003 Hobijn and Lagakos estimated that the social security trust fund would run out of money in 40 years using CPI-W and in 35 years using CPI-E.",4,"","When will social security run out of money ?","The 2014 report from the trustees of the Social Security program estimated that the trust fund reserves will run out in 2034. That means Social Security won't be able to pay full retirement benefits starting in 2033.",4,null,181,false,"102_6_CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","102_6_CAR_86cbded8a8fb7f8f39813802f9aece37796eacd0","CAR_86cbded8a8fb7f8f39813802f9aece37796eacd0","102_6_CAR_0cc9fb79ea96782f143c5026f7c0161d1a042b26","CAR_0cc9fb79ea96782f143c5026f7c0161d1a042b26",null,"When will social security run out of money?","MARCO_7828169","102_6_MARCO_7828169","The latest projections from Social Security's Board of Trustees show that the program's trust funds are set to run out in 2034, and when that happens, the program could face an $11 trillion shortfall. IMAGE SOURCE: GETTY IMAGES. Clearly this news isn't lost on concerned workers.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","102_7","When does Social Security run out ?","The latest projections from Social Security's Board of Trustees show that the program's trust funds are set to run out in 2034, and when that happens, the program could face an $11 trillion shortfall. IMAGE SOURCE: GETTY IMAGES. Clearly this news isn't lost on concerned workers.",4,null,"What would happen if social security ran out of money ?","The Social Security Administration's actuaries have projected that the disability insurance program's trust fund will run out of money next year, resulting in a 20 percent benefit reduction for nearly 11 million Americans.",2,"","What will happen to social security if the US stops borrowing money from there ?","First and foremost, he said, retirement and disability benefits for millions of Americans would be at risk. In a government shutdown, Social Security checks still go out on time, Obama said. In an economic shutdown, if we don't raise the debt ceiling, they don't go out on time.. More than 57 million Americans receive monthly benefits from the Social Security Administration.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Wow ! What will happen when social security runs out of money ?","The Social Security Administration's actuaries have projected that the disability insurance program's trust fund will run out of money next year, resulting in a 20 percent benefit reduction for nearly 11 million Americans.",2,null,182,true,"102_7_MARCO_6061813","MARCO_6061813","102_7_MARCO_4177020","MARCO_4177020","102_7_MARCO_422421","MARCO_422421",null,"Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","MARCO_4177020","102_7_MARCO_4177020","The Social Security Administration's actuaries have projected that the disability insurance program's trust fund will run out of money next year, resulting in a 20 percent benefit reduction for nearly 11 million Americans.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","102_7","When does Social Security run out ?","The 2014 report from the trustees of the Social Security program estimated that the trust fund reserves will run out in 2034. That means Social Security won't be able to pay full retirement benefits starting in 2033.",4,null,"What would happen if social security ran out of money ?","Social Security Disability Benefits Face Cuts in 2016, Trustees Say. WASHINGTON â€” Eleven million people face a deep, abrupt cut in disability insurance benefits in late 2016 if Congress fails to replenish Social Securityâ€™s disability trust fund, which is running out of money, the Obama administration said Wednesday.",1,"","What will happen to social security if the US stops borrowing money from there ?","Hereâ€™s why: Social Security has a trust fund, and that trust fund is supposed to have $2.6 trillion in it, according to the Social Security trustees. If there are real assets in the trust fund, then Social Security can mail the checks, regardless of what Congress does about the debt limit.",0,"","Wow ! What will happen when social security runs out of money ?","The 2014 report from the trustees of the Social Security program estimated that the trust fund reserves will run out in 2034. That means Social Security won't be able to pay full retirement benefits starting in 2033.",4,null,182,true,"102_7_MARCO_7828169","MARCO_7828169","102_7_MARCO_8265099","MARCO_8265099","102_7_MARCO_5295291","MARCO_5295291",null,"Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","MARCO_7828169","102_7_MARCO_7828169","The 2014 report from the trustees of the Social Security program estimated that the trust fund reserves will run out in 2034. That means Social Security won't be able to pay full retirement benefits starting in 2033.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","102_7","When does Social Security run out ?","Social Security is predicted to start running out of having enough money to pay all prospective retirees at today's benefit payouts by 2033.",1,null,"What would happen if social security ran out of money ?","Social Security is predicted to start running out of having enough money to pay all prospective retirees at today's benefit payouts by 2033.",1,"","What will happen to social security if the US stops borrowing money from there ?","President Ronald Reagan stated in October 1984: \"Social Security has nothing to do with the deficit...Social Security is totally funded by the payroll tax levied on employer and employee. If you reduce the outgo of Social Security that money would not go into the general fund to reduce the deficit. It would go into the Social Security trust fund.  So, Social Security has nothing to do with balancing a budget or erasing or lowering the deficit.\"",2,"","Wow ! What will happen when social security runs out of money ?","Proponents of the current system argue if and when the Trust Fund runs out, there will still be the choice of raising taxes or cutting benefits, or both. Advocates of the current system say that the projected deficits in Social Security are identical to the \"prescription drug benefit\" enacted in 2002. They say that demographic and revenue projections might turn out to be too pessimistic—and that the current health of the economy exceeds the assumptions used by the Social Security Administration.",4,null,182,true,"102_7_CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","102_7_CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","102_7_CAR_bbaea88393f7d74967b95be9b9fe7fc034f12ffd","CAR_bbaea88393f7d74967b95be9b9fe7fc034f12ffd",null,"Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","CAR_4d8e23fe50edf2b773c193b7307da35b7fa6ad09","102_7_CAR_4d8e23fe50edf2b773c193b7307da35b7fa6ad09","Proponents of the current system argue if and when the Trust Fund runs out, there will still be the choice of raising taxes or cutting benefits, or both. Advocates of the current system say that the projected deficits in Social Security are identical to the \"prescription drug benefit\" enacted in 2002. They say that demographic and revenue projections might turn out to be too pessimistic—and that the current health of the economy exceeds the assumptions used by the Social Security Administration.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Can social security be fixed?","102_8","Can we secure Social Security ?","This will instill new security in Social Security. This will provide peace of mind to those concerned with their retirement years, and to their dependents. By acting to raise benefits now to meet the rise in the cost of living, we keep faith with today's recipients.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Is it true social security can be repaired ?","The credit repair companies may tell you to apply for credit using the CPN or EIN, rather than your own Social Security number. And they may lie and tell you that this process is legal. But it's a scam. These companies may be selling stolen Social Security numbers, often those taken from children.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can social security be fixed ? If so , how ?","When your Social Security number is compromised, it is natural to think the Social Security Administration will be a one-stop shop to resolve any and all identity, credit, and tax issues. Unfortunately, itâ€™s not that easy. SSA can only correct SSN-reporting problems on their own records. You should regularly review the details of your Social Security Statement to make sure it is correctâ€”and now you can do that online here. Itâ€™s easy to sign up, and you can review your lifetime earnings according to Social Securityâ€™s records.",0,"","Can social security be fixed ?","The problems of Social Security can be fixed with a few tax and benefit tweaks. The problems of Medicare are serious, but they are the problems of our entire health care system and will need the same solutions. Entitlements without means-testing unite us into one country.",1,null,183,false,"102_8_MARCO_3398787","MARCO_3398787","102_8_MARCO_8712062","MARCO_8712062","102_8_MARCO_5506457","MARCO_5506457",null,"Can social security be fixed?","MARCO_1085576","102_8_MARCO_1085576","The problems of Social Security can be fixed with a few tax and benefit tweaks. The problems of Medicare are serious, but they are the problems of our entire health care system and will need the same solutions. Entitlements without means-testing unite us into one country.",1,null,1,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},1]
["Can social security be fixed?","102_8","Can we secure Social Security ?","We have to make sure that only you can access your information. If you visit a Social Security office, we can check your photo ID and ask you questions. We must be extra careful to protect your identity online. We designed the questions we ask so that only you should know the answer. If someone stole your wallet, they should not be able to answer these questions.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Is it true social security can be repaired ?","When your Social Security number is compromised, it is natural to think the Social Security Administration will be a one-stop shop to resolve any and all identity, credit, and tax issues. Unfortunately, itâ€™s not that easy. SSA can only correct SSN-reporting problems on their own records. You should regularly review the details of your Social Security Statement to make sure it is correctâ€”and now you can do that online here. Itâ€™s easy to sign up, and you can review your lifetime earnings according to Social Securityâ€™s records.",0,"","Can social security be fixed ? If so , how ?","If you suspect that a criminal has your Social Security number, the Social Security Administration can help point you in the right direction, but it can't fix your credit. You're the only one who can do that. To that end, here are some things to do if someone is using your Social Security number to commit identity theft and Social Security fraud: 1. Stay cool and focused. While identity theft is stressful, you're the only person who can help with this problem, and you can't solve it in a week or a month. It will take time.",0,"","Can social security be fixed ?","Economist Alice M. Rivlin summarized major reform proposals in January 2009: \"Fixing Social Security is a relatively easy technical problem. It will take some combination of several much-discussed marginal changes: raising the retirement age gradually in the future (and then indexing it to longevity), raising the cap on the payroll tax, fixing the cost of living adjustment, and modifying the indexing of initial benefits so they grow more slowly for more affluent people. In view of the collapse of market values, no one is likely to argue seriously for diverting existing revenues to private accounts, so the opportunity to craft a compromise is much greater than it was a few years ago. Fixing Social Security would be a confidence building achievement for bi-partisan cooperation and would enhance our reputation for fiscal prudence.\"",4,null,183,false,"102_8_MARCO_8654836","MARCO_8654836","102_8_MARCO_5506457","MARCO_5506457","102_8_MARCO_5506458","MARCO_5506458",null,"Can social security be fixed?","CAR_ff9caf25c0a5731da1a74171c545cb94b15da3eb","102_8_CAR_ff9caf25c0a5731da1a74171c545cb94b15da3eb","Economist Alice M. Rivlin summarized major reform proposals in January 2009: \"Fixing Social Security is a relatively easy technical problem. It will take some combination of several much-discussed marginal changes: raising the retirement age gradually in the future (and then indexing it to longevity), raising the cap on the payroll tax, fixing the cost of living adjustment, and modifying the indexing of initial benefits so they grow more slowly for more affluent people. In view of the collapse of market values, no one is likely to argue seriously for diverting existing revenues to private accounts, so the opportunity to craft a compromise is much greater than it was a few years ago. Fixing Social Security would be a confidence building achievement for bi-partisan cooperation and would enhance our reputation for fiscal prudence.\"",4,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["Can social security be fixed?","102_8","Can we secure Social Security ?","She has supported the interests of the elderly with regard to preserving social security.  She has supported organizations such as the Alliance for Retired Americans and the National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare, who share the mission to ensure social and economic justice and full civil rights for all citizens so that they may enjoy lives of dignity, personal and family fulfillment and security.In a position paper, Representative McCollum defended her position on Social Security. She stated, \"We can secure the future of Social Security with common sense and a shared, bipartisan commitment to economic security and fiscal responsibility for all Americans. This is my commitment, and you can count on me to work to protect Social Security and to find a solution that truly protects the retirement security of every American.\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Is it true social security can be repaired ?","It is a challenge, but not a crisis, says Rockeymoore, who co-chaired the Commission to Modernize Social Security. There are policy solutions that can be adopted to address this issue. Yet, we continue to see people argue that the Social Security sky is falling, when that is not correct..",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can social security be fixed ? If so , how ?","Should you get a new Social Security number? If youâ€™ve done all you can to fix the problems resulting from misuse of your Social Security number, and someone is still using your number, we may assign you a new number. You canâ€™t get a new Social. Security number: â€¢ If your Social Security card is lost or stolen, but thereâ€™s no evidence that",0,"","Can social security be fixed ?","Credit Reporting. SSA cannot fix your credit record if someone has misused your Social Security number (SSN) to obtain credit. To resolve your credit problems, you need to contact the institution that authorized the credit and/or issued the credit card, as well as the major credit reporting agencies.",0,null,183,false,"102_8_CAR_b5b7b1e23f84581c04c061df3d4b9a32a7ce466b","CAR_b5b7b1e23f84581c04c061df3d4b9a32a7ce466b","102_8_MARCO_952715","MARCO_952715","102_8_MARCO_7444752","MARCO_7444752",null,"Can social security be fixed?","MARCO_1137567","102_8_MARCO_1137567","Credit Reporting. SSA cannot fix your credit record if someone has misused your Social Security number (SSN) to obtain credit. To resolve your credit problems, you need to contact the institution that authorized the credit and/or issued the credit card, as well as the major credit reporting agencies.",0,null,2,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},2]
["How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","102_9","How much would the increase in Social Security be ?","Retirement Blog. Social Security going up 1.7%. Social Security announced this morning that the annual cost of living, or COLA, increase for 2015 will be 1.7 percent. For the average Social Security recipient, that is a monthly increase of about $22.20, bringing the payment to about $1,328 per month or $15,938 a year in 2015.",0,null,"What is the increase to keep social security around ?","About 8 in 10 (77%) say it is critical to preserve Social Security even if it means increasing the Social Security taxes paid by working Americans. An even higher percentage (83%) say it is critical to preserve Social Security even if it means increasing the Social Security taxes paid by wealthy Americans.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What increase will strengthen social security in the US ?","Honda has been a vocal advocate for expanding the Social Security program. In the 113th Congress, Honda introduced H.R. 3118, the Strengthening Social Security Act, with Congresspersons Linda Sanchez (D-CA) and Rush Holt (D-NJ), which would increase benefits for current beneficiaries, eliminate the cap on how much of an individual’s earnings can be paid into Social Security, change the benefits formula to increase payments by about $70 a month, and adopt a higher cost of living adjustment called CPI-E, designed to reflect the cost of healthcare for seniors.",1,"","How much of an increase can social security get ?","Monthly benefit increases can be as little as $5, or as much as $50 or more. But on average, a year of earnings will increase your Social Security benefit by about $20 per month. If you have a Social Security question, Tom Margenau has the answer.",0,null,184,true,"102_9_MARCO_3096892","MARCO_3096892","102_9_MARCO_4805615","MARCO_4805615","102_9_CAR_0f8718324cae83362a1c675eafc96e6eecc94cfd","CAR_0f8718324cae83362a1c675eafc96e6eecc94cfd",null,"How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","MARCO_4170936","102_9_MARCO_4170936","If we keep the cap, the ceiling, on taxable earnings where it is â€” $113,700 in 2013 â€” we need to raise the payroll tax rate from 12.4 percent to 16.4 percent immediately and permanently to make Social Security solvent, assuming we do nothing else.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","102_9","How much would the increase in Social Security be ?","Social Security cost-of-living increase for 2017: A measly $5. The 0.3% hike is the smallest in recent history. U.S. retirees hoping to live comfortably off their Social Security benefits might have to wait a while longer â€” the average increase in checks for 2017 is a whopping $5. The Social Security Administration said Tuesday that retirees will see their benefits increase by 0.3% in the coming year. For the average American retiree, that equals $5. Known as a cost-of-living adjustment, or COLA, the increase is tied to inflation.",0,null,"What is the increase to keep social security around ?","The CBO projected in 2010 that an increase in payroll taxes ranging from 1.6–2.1% of the payroll tax base, equivalent to 0.6%-0.8% of GDP, would be necessary to put the Social Security program in fiscal balance for the next 75 years. In other words, raising the payroll tax rate to about 14.4% during 2009 (from the current 12.4%) or cutting benefits by 13.3% would address the program's budgetary concerns indefinitely; these amounts increase to around 16% and 24% if no changes are made until 2037. Projections of Social Security's solvency are sensitive to assumptions about rates of economic growth and demographic changes.",4,"","What increase will strengthen social security in the US ?","In March 2013, Senator Tom Harkin introduced S. 567: Strengthening Social Security Act of 2013. Supporters of the bill state that \"By making millionaires and billionaires pay the same rate of Social Security taxes as the rest of us, and by changing the method by which Social Security benefits are calculated, Sen. Harkin's bill would expand Social Security benefits by an average of $800 per recipient per year while also keeping the program solvent\" for \"generations\". Supporters include the Alliance for Retired Americans The letter of support by the Alliance, a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization of  4 million, states that S. 567 \"recognizes the true importance of this great American program and proposes measures that would both enhance benefits for current beneficiaries and strengthen the long-term solvency of Social Security for all Americans\".",2,"","How much of an increase can social security get ?","Come January, nearly 60 million Social Security recipients will get benefit increases averaging $20 a month, the third straight year of historically small pay hikes.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,184,true,"102_9_MARCO_7841085","MARCO_7841085","102_9_CAR_d988731a12fefd12a7253b189b2234942b1f790e","CAR_d988731a12fefd12a7253b189b2234942b1f790e","102_9_CAR_8fd9899a2c23a4482fe97dedc251678f9e374252","CAR_8fd9899a2c23a4482fe97dedc251678f9e374252",null,"How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","MARCO_1791638","102_9_MARCO_1791638","The CBO projected in 2010 that an increase in payroll taxes ranging from 1.6%–2.1% of the payroll tax base, equivalent to 0.6%–0.8% of GDP, would be necessary to put the Social Security program in fiscal balance for the next 75 years. In other words, raising the payroll tax rate to about 14.4% during 2009 (from the current 12.4%) or cutting benefits by 13.3% would address the program's budgetary concerns indefinitely; these amounts increase to around 16% and 24% if no changes are made until 2037. The value of unfunded obligations under Social Security during FY 2009 was approximately $5.4 trillion. In other words, this amount would have to be set aside today such that the principal and interest would cover the shortfall over the next 75 years. Projections of Social Security's solvency are sensitive to assumptions about rates of economic growth and demographic changes.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","102_9","How much would the increase in Social Security be ?","The small increase in Social Security next year â€” which equals an extra $2 for someone getting a $1,000 monthly check â€” would come after retirees got no increase in Social Security benefits in 2016 for the third time in four decades.The final COLA figure is typically not determined until the fall.",0,null,"What is the increase to keep social security around ?","In 2010, Higgins, along with many other congressional members, sent a letter to President Barack Obama encouraging him to keep social security, and make it stronger, saying “We write today to express our strong support for Social Security and our view that it should be strengthened. We oppose any cuts to Social Security benefits, including raising the retirement age. We also oppose any effort to privatize Social Security, in whole or in part...cutting Social Security benefits beyond the already scheduled increase in the retirement age from 65 to 67 would create even more needless hardship for millions of vulnerable Americans.” This was in response to President Obama giving the task of cutting government spending to the National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform, on October 15, 2010. The letter also stressed that Social Security is “prohibited by law from adding to the national budget deficit.”",0,"","What increase will strengthen social security in the US ?","The retirement age for full Social Security benefits has already been increased from 65 to 67 for anyone born in 1960 or later. This increase was enacted in 1983 as part of comprehensive legislation to strengthen Social Security's financing at a time when the program faced an imminent financial crisis.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much of an increase can social security get ?","Inflation ticked higher this year, and as a result, the Social Security Administration is increasing Social Security payments by 0.3% in 2017. The slight increase in Social Security income means that the maximum monthly Social Security benefit at full retirement age next year will be $2,687 per month. However, the chance that someone would get that amount depends on their past earnings and when they claim their Social Security benefits.",0,null,184,true,"102_9_MARCO_116","MARCO_116","102_9_CAR_183616a51bfb86d03a9b4b5037437de0a50d3cd6","CAR_183616a51bfb86d03a9b4b5037437de0a50d3cd6","102_9_MARCO_1609102","MARCO_1609102",null,"How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","MARCO_4074934","102_9_MARCO_4074934","The CBO projected in 2010 that an increase in payroll taxes ranging from 1.6–2.1% of the payroll tax base, equivalent to 0.6%-0.8% of GDP, would be necessary to put the Social Security program in fiscal balance for the next 75 years. In other words, raising the payroll tax rate to about 14.4% during 2009 (from the current 12.4%) or cutting benefits by 13.3% would address the program's budgetary concerns indefinitely; these amounts increase to around 16% and 24% if no changes are made until 2037. Projections of Social Security's solvency are sensitive to assumptions about rates of economic growth and demographic changes.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","103_1","Are the Grateful Dead an important American live band ?","The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California. Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, rock, improvisational jazz, psychedelia, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\". \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\" These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\". The band was ranked 57th by Rolling Stone magazine in its The Greatest Artists of all Time issue. The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and their Barton Hall Concert at Cornell University (May 8, 1977) was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress. The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.",4,null,"What makes The Grateful Dead such an impactful live band ?","Their live shows, fed by their improvisational approach to music, made the Grateful Dead different from most other touring bands. While most rock and roll bands rehearse a standard show for their tours that is replayed night after night, city after city, the Grateful Dead never did.",0,"","What are some reasons that made The Grateful Dead so popular ?","When the Grateful Dead released In the Dark in 1987, the band’s popularity grew exponentially with the help of radio airplay and \"Touch of Grey\" becoming the group's first song to chart. It played sold-out stadiums. The media became more involved with the Grateful Dead scene as did the police and the government's Drug Enforcement Administration. Deadheads were targeted for drug use and gained something of a negative reputation. Relix recognized the profiling and tried to educate Deadheads about how to avoid the police and what to bring (and not bring) with you to shows.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Why were the Dead such an influential live band ?","Live for Live Music said, \"Dave's Picks 11 captures the Dead in their prime, at the end of 1972. The band had established themselves as a musical force, touring routinely over the past few years. Their musical catalog reached a creative pinnacle, melding folk, blues, jazz, and psychedelic influences into a live concert experience like none other.... Picking tunes that span the length of their career, the band was able to deliver a masterpiece performance.\"",0,null,185,false,"103_1_CAR_2111b3a29bcf78c6fff182414e3c0acd6560d58d","CAR_2111b3a29bcf78c6fff182414e3c0acd6560d58d","103_1_MARCO_2859123","MARCO_2859123","103_1_CAR_4c551a24c31162e8e57760d516be5f9f74e6e974","CAR_4c551a24c31162e8e57760d516be5f9f74e6e974",null,"Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","CAR_772955aad7dbfd3727681b80242724419dac6b42","103_1_CAR_772955aad7dbfd3727681b80242724419dac6b42","The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California. Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, rock, improvisational jazz, psychedelia, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\". \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\" These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\". The band was ranked 57th by Rolling Stone magazine in its The Greatest Artists of all Time issue. The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and their Barton Hall Concert at Cornell University (May 8, 1977) was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress. The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},2]
["Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","103_1","Are the Grateful Dead an important American live band ?","The five performances were warmly received and President Obama acknowledged the band in a special message that appeared in the official program for the event on July 3, 2015. In the program, President Obama wrote  \"Here's to fifty years of the Grateful Dead, an iconic American band that embodies the creativity, passion, and ability to bring people together that makes American music so great. Enjoy this weekend's celebration of your fans and legacy. And as Jerry would say, 'Let there be songs to fill the air.'\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What makes The Grateful Dead such an impactful live band ?","Their live shows, fed by their improvisational approach to music, made the Grateful Dead different from most other touring bands.  While most rock and roll bands rehearse a standard show for their tours that is replayed night after night, city after city, the Grateful Dead never did. As Garcia stated in a 1966 interview, \"We don't make up our sets beforehand. We'd rather work off the tops of our heads than off a piece of paper.\" They maintained this operating ethic throughout their existence.  For each performance, the band drew material from an active list of a hundred or so songs.",0,"","What are some reasons that made The Grateful Dead so popular ?","The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California. Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, rock, improvisational jazz, psychedelia, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\". \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\" These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\". The band was ranked 57th by Rolling Stone magazine in its The Greatest Artists of all Time issue. The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and their Barton Hall Concert at Cornell University (May 8, 1977) was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress. The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.",4,"","Why were the Dead such an influential live band ?","The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California. Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, rock, improvisational jazz, psychedelia, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\". \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\" These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\". The band was ranked 57th by Rolling Stone magazine in its The Greatest Artists of all Time issue. The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and their Barton Hall Concert at Cornell University (May 8, 1977) was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress. The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.",4,null,185,false,"103_1_CAR_5d90521da89b04966169c9ad85c38ee3a6bd964f","CAR_5d90521da89b04966169c9ad85c38ee3a6bd964f","103_1_CAR_6960a77231cb6161f306c8b206acc32fe2da22fa","CAR_6960a77231cb6161f306c8b206acc32fe2da22fa","103_1_CAR_2111b3a29bcf78c6fff182414e3c0acd6560d58d","CAR_2111b3a29bcf78c6fff182414e3c0acd6560d58d",null,"Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","CAR_2111b3a29bcf78c6fff182414e3c0acd6560d58d","103_1_CAR_2111b3a29bcf78c6fff182414e3c0acd6560d58d","Their live shows, fed by their improvisational approach to music, made the Grateful Dead different from most other touring bands. While most rock and roll bands rehearse a standard show for their tours that is replayed night after night, city after city, the Grateful Dead never did.",4,null,2,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},2]
["Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","103_1","Are the Grateful Dead an important American live band ?","The Grateful Dead were an American rock band known for their lengthy, improvised, performances as well as a loyal fan base that often followed the band for several shows or entire tours. Following the 1995 death of bandleader Jerry Garcia the remaining members have reunited for several one-off performances and tours, often in very different configurations. The following is a list of instances where former Grateful Dead members have reunited.",0,null,"What makes The Grateful Dead such an impactful live band ?","There is nothing like a Grateful Dead concert was a saying popular among Deadheads, as the loyal fans of the band are known.  During their performances, the Dead valued musical improvisation, jamming extensively, and they changed their set lists nightly.  As a result, their music was best appreciated at live concerts.  But beyond that, Dead shows generally had a positive, happy atmosphere, as the band and the audience interacted with each other to create a special environment of musical celebration.  Capturing this phenomenon on film is the admittedly paradoxical goal of The Grateful Dead Movie.",0,"","What are some reasons that made The Grateful Dead so popular ?","Their live shows, fed by their improvisational approach to music, made the Grateful Dead different from most other touring bands. While most rock and roll bands rehearse a standard show for their tours that is replayed night after night, city after city, the Grateful Dead never did.",0,"","Why were the Dead such an influential live band ?","The band that set the template for future Jam bands was the Grateful Dead, founded in 1965 by legendary San Francisco-based guitarist Jerry Garcia. Although their studio albums enjoyed only modest success, and they were never an AM-radio favorite, \"The Dead\" attracted an enormous cult following, mainly on the strength of their live performances (and live albums). Drawing inspiration from Eric Clapton's short-lived (but influential) supergroup Cream, the band specialized, in concert, in improvisational jamming. They played long two-set shows, and gave their fans a different experience every night, with varying setlists, evolving songs, creative segues and extended instrumentals. Their loyal fans (\"Deadheads\") followed them on tour from city to city, and a hippie subculture developed around the band, complete with psychedelic clothes, a black market in concert-related products, and drug paraphernalia. The band toured regularly for nearly three decades, except for a hiatus from 1974-1976. The eventual heirs to this \"Shakedown Street\" fan culture, Phish, formed in 1983 at the University of Vermont in Burlington. They solidified their lineup in 1985, and began their career with a few Grateful Dead songs in their repertoire.",3,null,185,false,"103_1_CAR_ddb1c00053916c789c1df5da19c77d83d9829a9e","CAR_ddb1c00053916c789c1df5da19c77d83d9829a9e","103_1_CAR_7e14c2980c4a4ba6dc15edf6fe13bc900a845ff8","CAR_7e14c2980c4a4ba6dc15edf6fe13bc900a845ff8","103_1_MARCO_2859123","MARCO_2859123",null,"Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","CAR_7b8491230ffef9f38b31faa97e8302640b066510","103_1_CAR_7b8491230ffef9f38b31faa97e8302640b066510","The band that set the template for future Jam bands was the Grateful Dead, founded in 1965 by legendary San Francisco-based guitarist Jerry Garcia. Although their studio albums enjoyed only modest success, and they were never an AM-radio favorite, \"The Dead\" attracted an enormous cult following, mainly on the strength of their live performances (and live albums). Drawing inspiration from Eric Clapton's short-lived (but influential) supergroup Cream, the band specialized, in concert, in improvisational jamming. They played long two-set shows, and gave their fans a different experience every night, with varying setlists, evolving songs, creative segues and extended instrumentals. Their loyal fans (\"Deadheads\") followed them on tour from city to city, and a hippie subculture developed around the band, complete with psychedelic clothes, a black market in concert-related products, and drug paraphernalia. The band toured regularly for nearly three decades, except for a hiatus from 1974-1976. The eventual heirs to this \"Shakedown Street\" fan culture, Phish, formed in 1983 at the University of Vermont in Burlington. They solidified their lineup in 1985, and began their career with a few Grateful Dead songs in their repertoire.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","103_2","Why did the Grateful Dead make live tapes available ?","Throughout their career, the Grateful Dead were known to tolerate taping of the live shows. There was a demand from fans to hear the improvisations that resulted from each show, and the concept of taping shows appealed to the band's general community ethos. They were unique among bands in that their live shows tended not to be pressed and packaged as LPs, but remained in tape form to be shared between tapers. The group were strongly opposed to commercial bootlegging and policed stores that sold them, while the saturation of tapes among fans suppressed any demand for product. In 1985, the Dead, after years of tolerance, officially endorsed live taping of their shows, and set up dedicated areas that they believed gave the best sound recording quality. Other bands, including Pearl Jam, Phish and the Dave Matthews Band tolerate taping in a similar manner to the Dead, provided no profit is involved. Because of the questionable legality of bootlegs, fans have sometimes simply dubbed a bootleg onto tape and freely passed it onto others.",4,null,"What was the reason behind allowing the release of The Grateful Dead 's Live albums ?","Unconventionally, the Grateful Dead made the release of live albums a common occurrence throughout their career. Because many were recently recorded and included previously unreleased original material, they often filled the role of traditional studio albums. An integral part of the contemporaneous evolution of the band, such live albums are included in this section.",0,"","Why did The Grateful Dead allow tapes of their live songs ?","Jam bands often allow their fans to make tapes or recordings of their live shows, a practice which many other musical genres call \"illegal bootlegging\". The Grateful Dead encouraged this practice, which helped to create a thriving scene around the collecting and trading of recordings of Grateful Dead live performances. Most of the live shows on the Grateful Dead's 30 years of touring were recorded. It was probably the trading of recordings of Grateful Dead shows which built the band's fan base.",4,"","Why did the Dead allow live recordings ?","Starting in 1984, the band recognized the fact that people were already \"unofficially\" taping their shows, so they started to sell taper tickets for a taper's section which allowed the tapers to bring their own microphones and tape decks to record with, as well as wrangle the tapers into one area of the venue so to keep them from interfering with other concertgoers.  This type of encouragement has spread to nearly all of the jam bands. Some jam band enthusiasts argue that if a band does not allow fans to tape their live shows, this band is not actually a jam band in the Grateful Dead tradition.",2,null,186,true,"103_2_CAR_279de62518ad1b76dcbe9de8a896793cb8110bd0","CAR_279de62518ad1b76dcbe9de8a896793cb8110bd0","103_2_CAR_d76f88959f39d5e39a0b50e52d1ea5991ba580a3","CAR_d76f88959f39d5e39a0b50e52d1ea5991ba580a3","103_2_CAR_40ed0a06883b7317b8a247fb412859d2983321bd","CAR_40ed0a06883b7317b8a247fb412859d2983321bd",null,"Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","CAR_0f266a4419b32e90a497b53df70993e952d7b973","103_2_CAR_0f266a4419b32e90a497b53df70993e952d7b973","Throughout their career, the Grateful Dead were known to tolerate taping of the live shows. There was a demand from fans to hear the improvisations that resulted from each show, and the concept of taping shows appealed to the band's general community ethos. They were unique among bands in that their live shows tended not to be pressed and packaged as LPs, but remained in tape form to be shared between tapers. The group were strongly opposed to commercial bootlegging and policed stores that sold them, while the saturation of tapes among fans suppressed any demand for product. In 1985, the Dead, after years of tolerance, officially endorsed live taping of their shows, and set up dedicated areas that they believed gave the best sound recording quality. Other bands, including Pearl Jam, Phish and the Dave Matthews Band tolerate taping in a similar manner to the Dead, provided no profit is involved. Because of the questionable legality of bootlegs, fans have sometimes simply dubbed a bootleg onto tape and freely passed it onto others.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","103_2","Why did the Grateful Dead make live tapes available ?","At almost every Grateful Dead show, it was common to see fans openly recording the music for later enjoyment. This can be traced to shows in the late 1960s, with the number of tapers increasing yearly.  In 1971, Les Kippel, from Brooklyn, NY, started the First Free Underground Grateful Dead Tape Exchange.  The purpose of \"The First Free Underground Grateful Dead Tape Exchange\" was to preserve the heritage of the Grateful Dead's concert history by exchanging copies of recorded tapes made from audience members.  This started a new era in recording, collecting, and trading Grateful Dead tapes.  Often referred to as the \"Original Napster\", the tape exchange grew into an international movement that continues today.",1,null,"What was the reason behind allowing the release of The Grateful Dead 's Live albums ?","While they were together, from 1965 to 1995, the Grateful Dead released thirteen studio albums and nine contemporary live albums.  The nine live albums were recently recorded and mostly contained previously unreleased original material.  They filled the role of traditional studio albums, and were an integral part of the contemporaneous evolution of the band.  (The Dead's second album, Anthem of the Sun, was an experimental amalgam of studio and live material.)",0,"","Why did The Grateful Dead allow tapes of their live songs ?","At almost every Grateful Dead show, it was common to see fans openly recording the music for later enjoyment. This can be traced to shows in the late 1960s, with the number of tapers increasing yearly.  In 1971, Les Kippel, from Brooklyn, NY, started the First Free Underground Grateful Dead Tape Exchange.  The purpose of \"The First Free Underground Grateful Dead Tape Exchange\" was to preserve the heritage of the Grateful Dead's concert history by exchanging copies of recorded tapes made from audience members.  This started a new era in recording, collecting, and trading Grateful Dead tapes.  Often referred to as the \"Original Napster\", the tape exchange grew into an international movement that continues today.",1,"","Why did the Dead allow live recordings ?","Unconventionally, the Grateful Dead made the release of live albums a common occurrence throughout their career. Because many were recently recorded and included previously unreleased original material, they often filled the role of traditional studio albums. An integral part of the contemporaneous evolution of the band, such live albums are included in this section.",0,null,186,true,"103_2_CAR_a1d63e37cf3d60ec769b96d53ec965b1ae9e8f33","CAR_a1d63e37cf3d60ec769b96d53ec965b1ae9e8f33","103_2_CAR_21fd412dfbe303fcbe0f1a6a545246311330ac92","CAR_21fd412dfbe303fcbe0f1a6a545246311330ac92","103_2_CAR_a1d63e37cf3d60ec769b96d53ec965b1ae9e8f33","CAR_a1d63e37cf3d60ec769b96d53ec965b1ae9e8f33",null,"Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","CAR_d76f88959f39d5e39a0b50e52d1ea5991ba580a3","103_2_CAR_d76f88959f39d5e39a0b50e52d1ea5991ba580a3","Unconventionally, the Grateful Dead made the release of live albums a common occurrence throughout their career. Because many were recently recorded and included previously unreleased original material, they often filled the role of traditional studio albums. An integral part of the contemporaneous evolution of the band, such live albums are included in this section.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","103_2","Why did the Grateful Dead make live tapes available ?","Unconventionally, the Grateful Dead made the release of live albums a common occurrence throughout their career. Because many were recently recorded and included previously unreleased original material, they often filled the role of traditional studio albums. An integral part of the contemporaneous evolution of the band, such live albums are included in this section.",0,null,"What was the reason behind allowing the release of The Grateful Dead 's Live albums ?","The Grateful Dead's albums had frustrated critics and fans alike for neither approaching nor accurately representing the band's live concert sound and experience - to the point that band-approved, fan-made tapes were preferred to official releases. The band's organization had poured profits into sound reinforcement and cutting-edge technology for their concert performances and were likewise frustrated by the seeming shortfall in capturing their sound on album.",1,"","Why did The Grateful Dead allow tapes of their live songs ?","The Grateful Dead allowed their fans to record their shows. For many years the tapers set up their microphones wherever they could. The eventual forest of microphones became a problem for the official sound crew. Eventually this was solved by having a dedicated taping section located behind the soundboard, which required a special \"tapers\" ticket. The band allowed sharing of tapes of their shows, as long as no profits were made on the sale of their show tapes. Sometimes the sound crew would allow the tapers to connect directly to the soundboard, which created exceptional concert recordings. Taping and trading became a Grateful Dead sub-culture.",2,"","Why did the Dead allow live recordings ?","Jam bands often allow their fans to make tapes or recordings of their live shows, a practice which many other musical genres call \"illegal bootlegging\". The Grateful Dead encouraged this practice, which helped to create a thriving scene around the collecting and trading of recordings of Grateful Dead live performances. Most of the live shows on the Grateful Dead's 30 years of touring were recorded. It was probably the trading of recordings of Grateful Dead shows which built the band's fan base.",4,null,186,true,"103_2_CAR_d76f88959f39d5e39a0b50e52d1ea5991ba580a3","CAR_d76f88959f39d5e39a0b50e52d1ea5991ba580a3","103_2_CAR_a448365aca3c6b4e13c3eacd17bb20dabdd1247a","CAR_a448365aca3c6b4e13c3eacd17bb20dabdd1247a","103_2_CAR_32b7b7d50a09e627d5b916da69018b740631a746","CAR_32b7b7d50a09e627d5b916da69018b740631a746",null,"Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","CAR_40ed0a06883b7317b8a247fb412859d2983321bd","103_2_CAR_40ed0a06883b7317b8a247fb412859d2983321bd","Jam bands often allow their fans to make tapes or recordings of their live shows, a practice which many other musical genres call \"illegal bootlegging\". The Grateful Dead encouraged this practice, which helped to create a thriving scene around the collecting and trading of recordings of Grateful Dead live performances. Most of the live shows on the Grateful Dead's 30 years of touring were recorded. It was probably the trading of recordings of Grateful Dead shows which built the band's fan base.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","103_3","Do the Grateful Dead have any chart - topping hits ?","The \"Touch of Grey\" video received significant amounts of airplay on MTV and other music video stations.  Partly as a result of this, the song went on to become the Grateful Dead's only top ten hit.  Within a short time, the band had achieved a greater degree of popular, commercial success than in their previous 22 years in the music industry.",4,null,"Did The Grateful Dead have any number one hit songs ?","The \"Touch of Grey\" video received significant amounts of airplay on MTV and other music video stations.  Partly as a result of this, the song went on to become the Grateful Dead's only top ten hit.  Within a short time, the band had achieved a greater degree of popular, commercial success than in their previous 22 years in the music industry.",4,"","How many Number one singles did The Grateful Dead have ?","The Grateful Dead played 16 times from 1983 through 1989, and recorded Road Trips Volume 4 Number 2, on March 31–April 1, 1988 and Nightfall of Diamonds, on October 16, 1989.",0,"","Did the Dead have a # 1 hit ?","Louis C.K. Pays Tribute to the Late Kevin Meaney. Dead or Alive was formed by Burns in 1980. Its breakout 1985 single, â€œYou Spin Me Round (Like A Record),â€\u009d hit No. 1 in the U.K. and No. 11 on the U.S. Billboard chart. The song became a fixture of many dance club playlists.",0,null,187,false,"103_3_CAR_0687c0f042a467973cd0607a9036a2ea0249717f","CAR_0687c0f042a467973cd0607a9036a2ea0249717f","103_3_CAR_0687c0f042a467973cd0607a9036a2ea0249717f","CAR_0687c0f042a467973cd0607a9036a2ea0249717f","103_3_CAR_79acbb2b98095a03da96df205c4d10604264e314","CAR_79acbb2b98095a03da96df205c4d10604264e314",null,"Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","MARCO_6959859","103_3_MARCO_6959859","The \"Touch of Grey\" video received significant amounts of airplay on MTV and other music video stations.  Partly as a result of this, the song went on to become the Grateful Dead's only top ten hit.  Within a short time, the band had achieved a greater degree of popular, commercial success than in their previous 22 years in the music industry.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","103_3","Do the Grateful Dead have any chart - topping hits ?","In the Dark was the band's first album in six years, and its first studio album since 1980's Go to Heaven.  It became unexpectedly popular, achieving double platinum certification in the U.S.  It reached #6 on the Billboard 200 chart, the Grateful Dead's only top ten album. The peppy \"Touch of Grey\" peaked at #9 on the Billboard Hot 100, the band's only top forty single; it also became a frequently played music video on MTV. \"Hell in a Bucket\" and \"Throwing Stones\" (for which videos were also made) also achieved significant album-oriented rock radio airplay.",4,null,"Did The Grateful Dead have any number one hit songs ?","In 1954, Maddox was declared the Number One Jukebox Artist in America by the MOA (Music Operators of America). In January 1955, he recorded \"The Crazy Otto Medley,\" which was composed of Lou Busch's \"Ivory Rag,\" several German folk songs, and Irving Berlin's \"Play a Simple Melody.\" The medley was originally recorded on the Polydor label by German pianist Fritz Schulz-Reichel under the pseudonym \"Otto der Schräge.\" Disc jockey Bill Randle of WERE in Cleveland, Ohio, suggested to Randy Wood that Maddox cover the record and use \"The Crazy Otto Medley\" as the title. Maddox's record was number one on Billboard charts for fourteen weeks and became the first million-selling all-piano record, eventually selling more than two million copies. Schulz-Reichel then came to the United States and recorded for Decca under the name \"Crazy Otto.\" The reference to \"Crazy Otto\" in the Grateful Dead song \"Ramble on Rose\" is clearly a reference to Maddox's hit record.",0,"","How many Number one singles did The Grateful Dead have ?","Another Grateful Dead album that was recorded at the December 1979 run of concerts at the Oakland Auditorium is Road Trips Volume 3 Number 1.",0,"","Did the Dead have a # 1 hit ?","Their first and only single from the album, \"Hit and Run Lover\", was an instant hit in Japan. It is considered to be Dead or Alive's last major hit in Japan, as it reached number 2 on the Japanese Oricon Chart.",0,null,187,false,"103_3_CAR_e2b316d2ab0ac13098cd5b095b264139864e9bc2","CAR_e2b316d2ab0ac13098cd5b095b264139864e9bc2","103_3_CAR_dd77c02a9ae5ccb30955fb5ed72bae273c81ae1a","CAR_dd77c02a9ae5ccb30955fb5ed72bae273c81ae1a","103_3_CAR_b6ea3ed7a550a3affdccb19983a6a55930325d0e","CAR_b6ea3ed7a550a3affdccb19983a6a55930325d0e",null,"Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","CAR_9a11e55de5dda696291ed23e8fabb2b971e0c3ea","103_3_CAR_9a11e55de5dda696291ed23e8fabb2b971e0c3ea","Road Trips Volume 4 Number 1 is a live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead.  The 13th of the Road Trips series of archival releases, it contains two complete performances by the band, recorded on May 23 and 24, 1969.  It was released as a three-disc CD on November 16, 2010.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","103_3","Do the Grateful Dead have any chart - topping hits ?","While the single was the group's first chart hit (peaking at No. 69 on the Billboard Hot 100), it had a greater impact than its chart performance indicates, receiving airplay on progressive rock radio stations and others with looser playlists. At a time when the Grateful Dead were already an underground legend, \"Uncle John's Band\" (and to some degree its albummate \"Casey Jones\") was the first time many in the general rock audience actually heard the band's music.",1,null,"Did The Grateful Dead have any number one hit songs ?","In 1966 The Rascals covered The Olympics 1965 song, \"Good Lovin'\", and took it to #1 on the US Hot 100. Since then, many recorded versions have been made by prominent artists, including The Who, The Grateful Dead, and Bobby McFerrin.",0,"","How many Number one singles did The Grateful Dead have ?","The Best of the Grateful Dead includes songs from all the studio albums in the band's discography, along with one non-album single \"Dark Star\" (recorded in 1968 as part of the Anthem of the Sun studio sessions).",0,"","Did the Dead have a # 1 hit ?","Hit and Run Lover is the first song on Fragile, the seventh studio album from the dance music band Dead or Alive. Like the 1990 album Fan the Flame (Part 1), it was released only in Japan, where the band were very popular. The song was a hit record for the group, peaking at #2 on the Japanese charts.",0,null,187,false,"103_3_CAR_1de08c86a1bc9807998296f28fff78ff812a8430","CAR_1de08c86a1bc9807998296f28fff78ff812a8430","103_3_CAR_45f06d783b9e726334c9b645cfdbb5066c166294","CAR_45f06d783b9e726334c9b645cfdbb5066c166294","103_3_CAR_25f89832a078b69f930cdb10937bae10f5dda222","CAR_25f89832a078b69f930cdb10937bae10f5dda222",null,"Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","CAR_22f6c1cef9089b99b95d9a55ac69c6c5f6470d79","103_3_CAR_22f6c1cef9089b99b95d9a55ac69c6c5f6470d79","While the single was the group's first chart hit (peaking at No. 69 on the Billboard Hot 100), it had a greater impact than its chart performance indicates, receiving airplay on progressive rock radio stations and others with looser playlists. At a time when the Grateful Dead were already an underground legend, \"Uncle John's Band\" (and to some degree its albummate \"Casey Jones\") was the first time many in the general rock audience actually heard the band's music.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","103_4","Who is the lead singer of the Grateful Dead ?","This album would have had the most variety of lead singers for songs of any of the Grateful Dead's studio albums. There were four singers: Jerry Garcia, Bob Weir, Phil Lesh and Vince Welnick.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who was the lead singer of The Grateful Dead ?","This album would have had the most variety of lead singers for songs of any of the Grateful Dead's studio albums. There were four singers: Jerry Garcia, Bob Weir, Phil Lesh and Vince Welnick.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who is the band leader of The Grateful Dead ?","Jerome John \"Jerry\" Garcia (August 1, 1942 – August 9, 1995) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist best known for  his work with the band the Grateful Dead, which came to prominence during the counterculture era in the 1960s. Though he disavowed the role, Garcia was viewed by many as the leader or \"spokesman\" of the group.",4,"","Who was the leader of the Dead ?",", leader of the Dead Moon Circus, is named after the ancient goddess Nehalennia. In the English version her name is spelled Nehelenia. She first appears in Episode 148 of the anime and appears in full in act 37 of the manga, though she appeared as a voice in a mirror starting in Act 35.",0,null,188,true,"103_4_CAR_7330d47b9d247f332e833d48d48564a00cc0a893","CAR_7330d47b9d247f332e833d48d48564a00cc0a893","103_4_CAR_7330d47b9d247f332e833d48d48564a00cc0a893","CAR_7330d47b9d247f332e833d48d48564a00cc0a893","103_4_CAR_54cb622b4167a68625ba3830bacbb3e2608e99f0","CAR_54cb622b4167a68625ba3830bacbb3e2608e99f0",null,"Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","CAR_99a748da18b8bc78ffd39d0665bda37ae9fe6443","103_4_CAR_99a748da18b8bc78ffd39d0665bda37ae9fe6443","Lead guitarist Jerry Garcia was often viewed both by the public and the media as the leader or primary spokesperson for the Grateful Dead, but was reluctant to be perceived that way, especially since he and the other group members saw themselves as equal participants and contributors to their collective musical and creative output. Garcia, a native of San Francisco, grew up in the Excelsior District. One of his main influences was bluegrass music, and he also performed—on banjo, one of his other great instrumental loves, along with the pedal steel guitar—in bluegrass bands, notably Old and in the Way with mandolinist David Grisman.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","103_4","Who is the lead singer of the Grateful Dead ?","The live disc features a variety of songs from Grateful Dead performances with Weir as the lead singer - though five of the tracks were previously unreleased - and one track by Ratdog (a Dylan cover from a 2003 band rehearsal).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who was the lead singer of The Grateful Dead ?","Photography by Jay Blakesberg. â€œHe was the lead singer for a band called the Grateful Dead,â€\u009d my dad said to his father-in-law, either revealing or concealing more of his tie. I donâ€™t know exactly when Jerry Garcia crossed the gulf from countercultural icon to icon-icon, but it had to have been before the neckties.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Who is the band leader of The Grateful Dead ?","The Rhythm Devils are a band led by founding Grateful Dead drummer Bill Kreutzmann and drummer Mickey Hart who was a Grateful Dead member for most of the band's existence.",0,"","Who was the leader of the Dead ?","He is also known as \"Si Ren Tuan Zhang\" (死人團張 / Dead Man Leader) to other people.",0,null,188,true,"103_4_CAR_48a4fcfba6643f6da549055d0f1dd1cf3ac8fa5a","CAR_48a4fcfba6643f6da549055d0f1dd1cf3ac8fa5a","103_4_MARCO_4526250","MARCO_4526250","103_4_CAR_c533162c753db90c27b7c8542d1e413427d5c845","CAR_c533162c753db90c27b7c8542d1e413427d5c845",null,"Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","CAR_40405a1de65ca125e70bb46343f61e25ca9a76e4","103_4_CAR_40405a1de65ca125e70bb46343f61e25ca9a76e4","This story was written by Bill Bell.) Grateful Dead leader Jerry Garcia, a rock â€˜nâ€™ roll guru whose counter-culture appeal crossed generations and outlasted fads, died yesterday at a drug and alcohol treatment center near San Francisco, where the band began 30 years ago.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","103_4","Who is the lead singer of the Grateful Dead ?","Photography by Jay Blakesberg. â€œHe was the lead singer for a band called the Grateful Dead,â€\u009d my dad said to his father-in-law, either revealing or concealing more of his tie. I donâ€™t know exactly when Jerry Garcia crossed the gulf from countercultural icon to icon-icon, but it had to have been before the neckties.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Who was the lead singer of The Grateful Dead ?","The live disc features a variety of songs from Grateful Dead performances with Weir as the lead singer - though five of the tracks were previously unreleased - and one track by Ratdog (a Dylan cover from a 2003 band rehearsal).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who is the band leader of The Grateful Dead ?","The Jerry Garcia Band was a San Francisco Bay Area rock band led by Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead.  Garcia founded the band in 1975; it remained the most important of his various side-projects until his death in 1995.  The band toured and recorded sporadically throughout its twenty-year existence, generally, but not always during breaks in the Grateful Dead's schedule.",0,null,"Who was the leader of the Dead ?","Besides street-fighting, the Dead Rabbits also supported politicians such as Fernando Wood and the Tammany Hall whose platforms included the welfare and benefit of immigrant groups and minorities, and under the leadership of Isaiah Rynders the gang also acted as enforcers to violently persuade voters during elections to vote for their candidates. According to legend, one of the most feared Dead Rabbits was \"Hell-Cat Maggie,\" a woman who reportedly filed her teeth to points and wore brass fingernails into battle. One of the Dead Rabbit leaders, John Morrissey, would later become a Democratic State Senator and U.S. Congressman who ameliorated the conditions of the Irish-American communities for years to come.",0,null,188,true,"103_4_MARCO_4526250","MARCO_4526250","103_4_CAR_48a4fcfba6643f6da549055d0f1dd1cf3ac8fa5a","CAR_48a4fcfba6643f6da549055d0f1dd1cf3ac8fa5a","103_4_CAR_31ae04f16b9b23e2bb03b0d94fe5205cbff13bb1","CAR_31ae04f16b9b23e2bb03b0d94fe5205cbff13bb1",null,"Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","CAR_79a751877167a3f18b2ce6e5b51426e31bdaf26e","103_4_CAR_79a751877167a3f18b2ce6e5b51426e31bdaf26e","(Originally published by the Daily News on August 10, 1995. Grateful Dead leader Jerry Garcia, a rock â€˜nâ€™ roll guru whose counter-culture appeal crossed generations and outlasted fads, died yesterday at a drug and alcohol treatment center near San Francisco, where the band began 30 years ago.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","103_5","How did the lead singer of the Grateful Dead cut his finger ?","During the promotional tour for Chinese Restaurant, Arcieri was known to perform a trick onstage in which he appeared to cut off his finger with a razor. The trick, referred to as \"finger job,\" attracted considerable press coverage.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How did the lead singer of The Grateful Dead get his finger cut off ?","Garcia experienced several tragedies during his youth. At age four, while the family was vacationing in the Santa Cruz Mountains, two-thirds of Garcia's right middle finger was accidentally cut off. Garcia and his brother Tiff were chopping wood. Jerry steadied a piece of wood with his finger, but Tiff miscalculated and the axe severed most of Jerry's middle finger. After his mother wrapped his hand in a towel, Garcia's father drove him over 30  miles to the nearest hospital. A few weeks later, Garcia — who had not looked at his finger since the accident — was surprised to discover most of it missing when the bandage he was wearing came off during a bath. Garcia later confided that he often used it to his advantage in his youth, showing it off to other children in his neighborhood.",4,"","Why did the band leader of The Grateful Dead lose his finger ?","Grateful Dead's Jerry Garcia and Black Sabbath's Tony Iommi, both of whom lost fingers in accidents, were inspired by Reinhardt's example of becoming an accomplished guitar player despite his injuries. Garcia was quoted in June 1985 in Frets Magazine:",2,"","How did the Dead 's leader lose his finger ?","Grateful Dead's Jerry Garcia and Black Sabbath's Tony Iommi, both of whom lost fingers in accidents, were inspired by Reinhardt's example of becoming an accomplished guitar player despite his injuries. Garcia was quoted in June 1985 in Frets Magazine:",2,null,189,false,"103_5_CAR_b3f8f8290ff7eaffffbfabc1a6f530a5f8504c8b","CAR_b3f8f8290ff7eaffffbfabc1a6f530a5f8504c8b","103_5_CAR_98f34d94d83e35653ab09de97f5cd02306b506d5","CAR_98f34d94d83e35653ab09de97f5cd02306b506d5","103_5_CAR_c453300d8b755da5c00d9c29d49282774253773d","CAR_c453300d8b755da5c00d9c29d49282774253773d",null,"How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","CAR_c453300d8b755da5c00d9c29d49282774253773d","103_5_CAR_c453300d8b755da5c00d9c29d49282774253773d","Garcia experienced several tragedies during his youth. At age four, while the family was vacationing in the Santa Cruz Mountains, two-thirds of Garcia's right middle finger was accidentally cut off. Garcia and his brother Tiff were chopping wood. Jerry steadied a piece of wood with his finger, but Tiff miscalculated and the axe severed most of Jerry's middle finger. After his mother wrapped his hand in a towel, Garcia's father drove him over 30  miles to the nearest hospital. A few weeks later, Garcia — who had not looked at his finger since the accident — was surprised to discover most of it missing when the bandage he was wearing came off during a bath. Garcia later confided that he often used it to his advantage in his youth, showing it off to other children in his neighborhood.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","103_5","How did the lead singer of the Grateful Dead cut his finger ?","17 famous people who are missing fingers. Updated 11:12 am, Wednesday, November 4, 2015. The late Grateful Dead frontman lost a big chunk of a middle finger helping his dad chop wood when he was a kid. The late Grateful Dead frontman lost a big chunk of a middle finger helping his dad chop wood when he was a kid.",4,null,"How did the lead singer of The Grateful Dead get his finger cut off ?","17 famous people who are missing fingers. Updated 11:12 am, Wednesday, November 4, 2015. The late Grateful Dead frontman lost a big chunk of a middle finger helping his dad chop wood when he was a kid. The late Grateful Dead frontman lost a big chunk of a middle finger helping his dad chop wood when he was a kid.",4,"","Why did the band leader of The Grateful Dead lose his finger ?","17 famous people who are missing fingers. Updated 11:12 am, Wednesday, November 4, 2015. The late Grateful Dead frontman lost a big chunk of a middle finger helping his dad chop wood when he was a kid. The late Grateful Dead frontman lost a big chunk of a middle finger helping his dad chop wood when he was a kid.",4,"","How did the Dead 's leader lose his finger ?","In the early 2010s, Hince lost the use of one finger on his left hand following an accident of his hand being shut in a car door. He had to relearn how to play the guitar without it.",0,null,189,false,"103_5_MARCO_7562661","MARCO_7562661","103_5_MARCO_7562661","MARCO_7562661","103_5_MARCO_7562661","MARCO_7562661",null,"How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","CAR_ce70e8f4da9d350d2dcc76a9bc435ac9f66e91d0","103_5_CAR_ce70e8f4da9d350d2dcc76a9bc435ac9f66e91d0","Less than a year after he lost most of his finger, his father died. Vacationing with his family near Arcata in Northern California in 1947, Garcia's father went fly fishing in the Trinity River, part of the Six Rivers National Forest. Not long after entering the river, Garcia's father slipped on a rock, lost his balance and was swept away by the river's rapids. He drowned before other fishermen could reach him. Although Garcia claimed he saw his father fall into the river, Dennis McNally, author of the book A Long Strange Trip: The Inside Story of the Grateful Dead, argues Garcia formed the memory after hearing others repeat the story. Blair Jackson, who wrote Garcia: An American Life, lends weight to McNally's claim. Jackson's evidence: a local newspaper article describing Jose's death failed to mention Garcia was present when his father died.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","103_5","How did the lead singer of the Grateful Dead cut his finger ?","While a high school student working part-time at an Arby's restaurant, Emanuel severely cut his right middle finger on a meat slicer, which was later infected from swimming in Lake Michigan. His finger was partially amputated due to the severity of the infection.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How did the lead singer of The Grateful Dead get his finger cut off ?","Grateful Dead's Jerry Garcia and Black Sabbath's Tony Iommi, both of whom lost fingers in accidents, were inspired by Reinhardt's example of becoming an accomplished guitar player despite his injuries. Garcia was quoted in June 1985 in Frets Magazine:",2,"","Why did the band leader of The Grateful Dead lose his finger ?","Garcia experienced several tragedies during his youth. At age four, while the family was vacationing in the Santa Cruz Mountains, two-thirds of Garcia's right middle finger was accidentally cut off. Garcia and his brother Tiff were chopping wood. Jerry steadied a piece of wood with his finger, but Tiff miscalculated and the axe severed most of Jerry's middle finger. After his mother wrapped his hand in a towel, Garcia's father drove him over 30  miles to the nearest hospital. A few weeks later, Garcia — who had not looked at his finger since the accident — was surprised to discover most of it missing when the bandage he was wearing came off during a bath. Garcia later confided that he often used it to his advantage in his youth, showing it off to other children in his neighborhood.",4,"","How did the Dead 's leader lose his finger ?","17 famous people who are missing fingers. Updated 11:12 am, Wednesday, November 4, 2015. The late Grateful Dead frontman lost a big chunk of a middle finger helping his dad chop wood when he was a kid. The late Grateful Dead frontman lost a big chunk of a middle finger helping his dad chop wood when he was a kid.",4,null,189,false,"103_5_CAR_bc86f835dcb997188e9ffd0a413189aeacc2f959","CAR_bc86f835dcb997188e9ffd0a413189aeacc2f959","103_5_CAR_c453300d8b755da5c00d9c29d49282774253773d","CAR_c453300d8b755da5c00d9c29d49282774253773d","103_5_CAR_98f34d94d83e35653ab09de97f5cd02306b506d5","CAR_98f34d94d83e35653ab09de97f5cd02306b506d5",null,"How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","MARCO_7562661","103_5_MARCO_7562661","Grateful Dead's Jerry Garcia and Black Sabbath's Tony Iommi, both of whom lost fingers in accidents, were inspired by Reinhardt's example of becoming an accomplished guitar player despite his injuries. Garcia was quoted in June 1985 in Frets Magazine:",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","103_6","Was the lead singer of the Grateful Dead linked with the airplane ?","Fights broke out from the very arrival of the Hells Angels at the event, i.e. since noon. During the performance by Jefferson Airplane, lead singer Marty Balin was knocked out by a Hells Angel on stage. The Grateful Dead opted not to play after learning of the incident with Balin. By the time the Stones hit the stage, the crowd was especially restless.",0,null,"How was the lead singer of The Grateful Dead related to the Airplane ?","Fights broke out from the very arrival of the Hells Angels at the event, i.e. since noon. During the performance by Jefferson Airplane, lead singer Marty Balin was knocked out by a Hells Angel on stage. The Grateful Dead opted not to play after learning of the incident with Balin. By the time the Stones hit the stage, the crowd was especially restless.",0,"","Was the band leader of the Grateful Dead affiliated with the Airplane ?","The album was recorded at Pacific High Recording Studios and Wally Heider Recording Studios in San Francisco by Kantner and Slick with a collection of musician friends that included members of Jefferson Airplane (Jack Casady and Joey Covington), The Grateful Dead (Jerry Garcia, Bill Kreutzmann and Mickey Hart), Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young (David Crosby and Graham Nash), David Freiberg of Quicksilver Messenger Service and Harvey Brooks of Electric Flag. Also appearing was Jorma Kaukonen's brother Peter Kaukonen, and Phill Sawyer, the engineer at Pacific High Recording studios.  The credit to Jefferson Starship reflected many things – the ad-hoc all-star line-up, the album being an evolutionary progression from Jefferson Airplane, and finally the story it relates of the hijacking of a starship.",2,"","What was the Dead 's relationship to the Airplane ?","As shown in the second film, deaths are connected with each other (flight 180 survivors indirectly engaged with the highway survivors), and so on. Clear Rivers says Death was working in the opposite way to repair the edges left in the first film and that leaving the airplane changed the whole scheme of Death. Thus, we can say that the death of all the characters in the franchise are connected to the flight 180 survivors. Had they not come out and had Sam not left the bridge before the airplane crash, all the characters of the films would already be dead.",0,null,190,true,"103_6_CAR_63b0d70df62955eb112ad8738cecc25133ce8f10","CAR_63b0d70df62955eb112ad8738cecc25133ce8f10","103_6_CAR_63b0d70df62955eb112ad8738cecc25133ce8f10","CAR_63b0d70df62955eb112ad8738cecc25133ce8f10","103_6_CAR_cfb7c14842198c208a72c7b7313300c459b8a89c","CAR_cfb7c14842198c208a72c7b7313300c459b8a89c",null,"What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","CAR_5b2f7ac41ef9f2eac29a4f4c1e6fc3d2d29bcb04","103_6_CAR_5b2f7ac41ef9f2eac29a4f4c1e6fc3d2d29bcb04","Garcia also spent a lot of time in the recording studio helping out fellow musician friends in session work, often adding guitar, vocals, pedal steel, sometimes banjo and piano and even producing. He played on over 50 studio albums the styles of which were eclectic and varied, including bluegrass, rock, folk, blues, country, jazz, electronic music, gospel, funk, and reggae. Artists who sought Garcia's help included the likes of Jefferson Airplane (most notably Surrealistic Pillow, Garcia being listed as their \"spiritual advisor\"). Garcia himself recalled in a mid-1967 interview that he'd played the high lead on \"Today,\" played on \"Plastic Fantastic Lover\" and \"Comin' Back to Me\" on that album. Others include Tom Fogerty, David Bromberg, Robert Hunter (Liberty, on Relix Records), Paul Pena, Peter Rowan, Warren Zevon, Country Joe McDonald, Pete Sears, Ken Nordine, Ornette Coleman, Bruce Hornsby, Bob Dylan, It's a Beautiful Day, and many more. In 1995 Garcia played on three tracks for the CD Blue Incantation by guitarist Sanjay Mishra, making it his last studio collaboration.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","103_6","Was the lead singer of the Grateful Dead linked with the airplane ?","This album would have had the most variety of lead singers for songs of any of the Grateful Dead's studio albums. There were four singers: Jerry Garcia, Bob Weir, Phil Lesh and Vince Welnick.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How was the lead singer of The Grateful Dead related to the Airplane ?","In addition to Phil Lesh, this version of the constantly changing lineup of Phil Lesh and Friends includes Jorma Kaukonen (Jefferson Airplane, Hot Tuna), Steve Kimock (Kingfish, Missing Man Formation, The Other Ones), Pete Sears (Rod Stewart, Jefferson Starship, Hot Tuna), Prairie Prince (The Tubes, Journey, Missing Man Formation), Caitlin Cornwell, and Zoe Ellis.  Lesh and Kaukonen each sing lead vocals on about half the songs on the album, and the band's vocal capabilities are enhanced by backup singers Cornwell and Ellis.  As usual for Phil Lesh and Friends, the musical emphasis is on jam band style interpretations of Grateful Dead songs, although the album also includes a few numbers from the Airplane and Hot Tuna repertoire.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Was the band leader of the Grateful Dead affiliated with the Airplane ?","During this period, Paul Kantner had been working on his first solo album, a science fiction-themed project recorded with members of the Airplane and other friends. It was released in October 1970 under the title Blows Against the Empire, and credited to \"Paul Kantner/Jefferson Starship\". This \"prototype\" version of Jefferson Starship included David Crosby and Graham Nash, Grateful Dead members Jerry Garcia, Bill Kreutzmann, and Mickey Hart, and Airplane members Grace Slick, Joey Covington, and Jack Casady. Blows Against the Empire was the first rock album nominated for the Hugo science fiction award. Kantner and Slick also recorded additional solo albums in the early 1970s.",2,"","What was the Dead 's relationship to the Airplane ?","Through concert promoter Bill Graham, Coblentz became the legal representative for Jefferson Airplane and the Grateful Dead. Coblents recalled being invited to a dinner hosted by members of Jefferson Airplane where two joints were arranged next to each place setting. Coblentz managed the group's bank account, providing cash for Grace Slick to buy a Mercedes Benz that she totalled two days later. After efforts were made to block performances by the Grateful Dead at Fillmore West citing concerns that the auditorium posed a blight on a fine neighborhood, Coblentz arranged for a friend to observe a hotel across the street from the Fillmore used for prostitution and had photographs taken of police officers which were passed on to the Board of Permit Appeals, which decided in the end to approve the project.",1,null,190,true,"103_6_CAR_7330d47b9d247f332e833d48d48564a00cc0a893","CAR_7330d47b9d247f332e833d48d48564a00cc0a893","103_6_CAR_014a4689b6e7a2e42ebc2f1397534de1acfc23d0","CAR_014a4689b6e7a2e42ebc2f1397534de1acfc23d0","103_6_CAR_124a66639cf39d41ddde45c71e0547da75ed05db","CAR_124a66639cf39d41ddde45c71e0547da75ed05db",null,"What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","CAR_c606d088775351b72a9f15b3ac4663012d90137e","103_6_CAR_c606d088775351b72a9f15b3ac4663012d90137e","Some controversy exists as to the role of Grateful Dead guitarist Jerry Garcia in the making of the album. His reputed presence on several tracks is denied by producer Rick Jarrard, but he is credited on the RCA label copy, as well as received credits on the Flight Log compilation and the Jefferson Airplane Loves You box set. In his sleeve notes for Early Flight  - the 1974 compilation album of previously unreleased material - the band's sometime manager Bill Thompson writes only that Garcia was, \"listed as 'spiritual advisor' on the album cover [and] played one of the guitars\", on \"In The Morning\", a track recorded at the Surrealistic Pillow sessions, but first included on the album on the 2003 reissue. Garcia himself recalled in a mid-1967 interview that he had played the high lead on \"Today\", played on \"Plastic Fantastic Lover\" and \"Comin' Back to Me\", and that he had arranged and essentially rewritten \"Somebody to Love\". He also played on two songs not released until the reissue (\"JPP McStep B Blues\"and \"In the Morning\") and may have played on \"How Do You Feel\". Kaukonen said that Garcia was essentially the producer who arranged the songs. A comment by Garcia about the music being \"as surrealistic as a pillow\" also reportedly inspired the album title.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","103_6","Was the lead singer of the Grateful Dead linked with the airplane ?","In addition to Phil Lesh, this version of the constantly changing lineup of Phil Lesh and Friends includes Jorma Kaukonen (Jefferson Airplane, Hot Tuna), Steve Kimock (Kingfish, Missing Man Formation, The Other Ones), Pete Sears (Rod Stewart, Jefferson Starship, Hot Tuna), Prairie Prince (The Tubes, Journey, Missing Man Formation), Caitlin Cornwell, and Zoe Ellis.  Lesh and Kaukonen each sing lead vocals on about half the songs on the album, and the band's vocal capabilities are enhanced by backup singers Cornwell and Ellis.  As usual for Phil Lesh and Friends, the musical emphasis is on jam band style interpretations of Grateful Dead songs, although the album also includes a few numbers from the Airplane and Hot Tuna repertoire.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How was the lead singer of The Grateful Dead related to the Airplane ?","All the members of the 1972-era Jefferson Airplane make an appearance on the album. However, on most of the tracks, Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead performs lead guitar and Chris Ethridge of the Flying Burrito Brothers performs bass.",2,"","Was the band leader of the Grateful Dead affiliated with the Airplane ?","All the members of the 1972-era Jefferson Airplane make an appearance on the album. However, on most of the tracks, Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead performs lead guitar and Chris Ethridge of the Flying Burrito Brothers performs bass.",2,"","What was the Dead 's relationship to the Airplane ?","In the mid-1960s, a softball game between Jefferson Airplane and the Grateful Dead took place at Central Field (also known as Contratti Park), a public downtown baseball field.",1,null,190,true,"103_6_CAR_014a4689b6e7a2e42ebc2f1397534de1acfc23d0","CAR_014a4689b6e7a2e42ebc2f1397534de1acfc23d0","103_6_CAR_a6a5046168c27e3dee37921a4acfd7e26e0fd84f","CAR_a6a5046168c27e3dee37921a4acfd7e26e0fd84f","103_6_CAR_a6a5046168c27e3dee37921a4acfd7e26e0fd84f","CAR_a6a5046168c27e3dee37921a4acfd7e26e0fd84f",null,"What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","CAR_0c2884fdb99fc6f850c601253c5d8613b76561ed","103_6_CAR_0c2884fdb99fc6f850c601253c5d8613b76561ed","All the members of the 1972-era Jefferson Airplane make an appearance on the album. However, on most of the tracks, Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead performs lead guitar and Chris Ethridge of the Flying Burrito Brothers performs bass.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","103_7","Was Cassidy written about Jack Casady ?","Jack Cassidy. For the Jefferson Airplane bass guitarist, see Jack Casady. John Joseph Edward Jack Cassidy (March 5, 1927 â€“ December 12, 1976) was an American actor, singer and director of stage, film, and television.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Was Jack Casady the influence on Cassidy ?","Since Lesh had never played bass, it meant that to a great extent he learned \"on the job\", yet it also meant he had no preconceived attitudes about the instrument's traditional rhythm section role. In his autobiography, he credits Jack Casady (who was playing with Jefferson Airplane) as a confirming influence on the direction his instincts were leading him into. He has said that his playing style was influenced more by Bach counterpoint than by contemporaneous rock and soul bass players—although one can also hear the fluidity and power of a jazz bassist such as Charles Mingus or Jimmy Garrison in Lesh's work, along with stylistic allusions to Casady.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Jack Casady the reason Cassidy was written ?","This Columbo episode is probably noted more for the director, Steven Spielberg, as one of his early films. It should be looked at for Jack Cassidy's role as the murderer who kills his partner in writing to maintain his lifestyle. Jack Cassidy would appear in a later Columbo. After all, Columbo meets his match in Jack Cassidy's character. He is a mystery writer who plots to perform the perfect murder. After his first murder, his next victim would be the annoying general store owner/widow who would blackmail him for money.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Cassidy about Jack Casady ?","Jack Cassidy. For the Jefferson Airplane bass guitarist, see Jack Casady. John Joseph Edward Jack Cassidy (March 5, 1927 â€“ December 12, 1976) was an American actor, singer and director of stage, film, and television.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,191,false,"103_7_MARCO_3953988","MARCO_3953988","103_7_CAR_1d54750e1ad1ba1a9c6e3f214cec9caa50bb18b2","CAR_1d54750e1ad1ba1a9c6e3f214cec9caa50bb18b2","103_7_MARCO_865579","MARCO_865579",null,"Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","MARCO_3953988","103_7_MARCO_3953988","Jack Cassidy. For the Jefferson Airplane bass guitarist, see Jack Casady. John Joseph Edward Jack Cassidy (March 5, 1927 â€“ December 12, 1976) was an American actor, singer and director of stage, film, and television.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,0]
["Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","103_7","Was Cassidy written about Jack Casady ?","Maggie Cassidy is a novel by the American writer Jack Kerouac, first published in 1959. It is a largely autobiographical work about Kerouac's early life in Lowell, Massachusetts, from 1938 to 1939, and chronicles his real-life relationship with his teenage sweetheart Mary Carney. It is unique for Kerouac for its high school setting and teenage characters. He wrote the novel in 1953 but it was not published until 1959, after the success of On the Road (1957).",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Was Jack Casady the influence on Cassidy ?","Jack Cassidy. For the Jefferson Airplane bass guitarist, see Jack Casady. John Joseph Edward Jack Cassidy (March 5, 1927 â€“ December 12, 1976) was an American actor, singer and director of stage, film, and television.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Jack Casady the reason Cassidy was written ?","Maggie Cassidy is a novel by the American writer Jack Kerouac, first published in 1959. It is a largely autobiographical work about Kerouac's early life in Lowell, Massachusetts, from 1938 to 1939, and chronicles his real-life relationship with his teenage sweetheart Mary Carney. It is unique for Kerouac for its high school setting and teenage characters. He wrote the novel in 1953 but it was not published until 1959, after the success of On the Road (1957).",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Cassidy about Jack Casady ?","Maggie Cassidy is a novel by the American writer Jack Kerouac, first published in 1959. It is a largely autobiographical work about Kerouac's early life in Lowell, Massachusetts, from 1938 to 1939, and chronicles his real-life relationship with his teenage sweetheart Mary Carney. It is unique for Kerouac for its high school setting and teenage characters. He wrote the novel in 1953 but it was not published until 1959, after the success of On the Road (1957).",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,191,false,"103_7_CAR_8c97a97453f3daaf5c4eee2db38f26132eef6d32","CAR_8c97a97453f3daaf5c4eee2db38f26132eef6d32","103_7_MARCO_3953988","MARCO_3953988","103_7_CAR_8c97a97453f3daaf5c4eee2db38f26132eef6d32","CAR_8c97a97453f3daaf5c4eee2db38f26132eef6d32",null,"Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","CAR_8c97a97453f3daaf5c4eee2db38f26132eef6d32","103_7_CAR_8c97a97453f3daaf5c4eee2db38f26132eef6d32","Maggie Cassidy is a novel by the American writer Jack Kerouac, first published in 1959. It is a largely autobiographical work about Kerouac's early life in Lowell, Massachusetts, from 1938 to 1939, and chronicles his real-life relationship with his teenage sweetheart Mary Carney. It is unique for Kerouac for its high school setting and teenage characters. He wrote the novel in 1953 but it was not published until 1959, after the success of On the Road (1957).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","103_7","Was Cassidy written about Jack Casady ?","Love Always, Carolyn is a 2011 English-language Swedish documentary film written and directed by Malin Korkeasalo and Maria Ramström.  The film is about Carolyn Cassady's recollection of life with husband Neal Cassady and Jack Kerouac, and her concern that the truth about these men is being lost in their mythos.  It features interviews with Carolyn Cassady and her children as well as archive footage. The film premiered at the 2011 Tribeca Film Festival.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Was Jack Casady the influence on Cassidy ?","Cassidy's father Jack is credited with setting his son up with his first manager. After signing with Universal Studios in 1969, Jack introduced him to former table tennis champion and close friend Ruth Aarons, who later found her niche as a talent manager, given her theater background. Aarons had represented Jack and Shirley Jones for several years prior, and would later represent Cassidy's half-brother Shaun. Aarons became an authority figure and close friend to Cassidy, and would prove to be the fighting force behind his on-screen success. After making small wages from Screen Gems for his work on The Partridge Family during season one, Aarons discovered a loophole in his contract and renegotiated it with far superior terms, and a four-year duration, a rare stipulation at the time.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Jack Casady the reason Cassidy was written ?","Jack Cassidy. For the Jefferson Airplane bass guitarist, see Jack Casady. John Joseph Edward Jack Cassidy (March 5, 1927 â€“ December 12, 1976) was an American actor, singer and director of stage, film, and television.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Cassidy about Jack Casady ?","David Cassidy. Powered by imdb. David Cassidy was born on April 12, 1950 to Jack Cassidy, a very skilled actor, and actress Evelyn Ward. By the time he was five, his parents were divorced and Jack had married actress Shirley Jones, an actress who in 1955 had just made Oklahoma!. When David was about 10, his mother moved to California from New Jersey. A few years later, she got married to a director and, like Jack Cassidy and Shirley Jones, the marriage ended in divorce.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,191,false,"103_7_CAR_bb09908931e709963fd607fb27bbaa3133412243","CAR_bb09908931e709963fd607fb27bbaa3133412243","103_7_CAR_43730f930636d234e93e85c5884d6c584f541554","CAR_43730f930636d234e93e85c5884d6c584f541554","103_7_MARCO_3953988","MARCO_3953988",null,"Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","MARCO_7717150","103_7_MARCO_7717150","David Cassidy. Powered by imdb. David Cassidy was born on April 12, 1950 to Jack Cassidy, a very skilled actor, and actress Evelyn Ward. By the time he was five, his parents were divorced and Jack had married actress Shirley Jones, an actress who in 1955 had just made Oklahoma!. When David was about 10, his mother moved to California from New Jersey. A few years later, she got married to a director and, like Jack Cassidy and Shirley Jones, the marriage ended in divorce.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["Who wrote Cassidy?","103_8","Who was the songwriter for Cassidy ?","Up to Date features David Cassidy's first contribution as a songwriter.  Cassidy penned the song \"Lay It on the Line\" with Wes Farrell. The song features a strong guitar track. Cassidy publicly despised one of the LP's hits, \"Doesn't Somebody Want to Be Wanted\", and making it proved to be a very hard task. He didn't think it was a good song at all and hated the idea of his having to talk in the middle of it so much so he refused to do it.",0,null,"Who wrote the Grateful Dead 's live album ?","Dylan & the Dead is a live album released by Bob Dylan and the Grateful Dead in February 1989 by Columbia Records. It consists of seven songs written and sung by Dylan, with the Dead providing accompaniment taken from the Dylan and the Grateful Dead 1987 Tour. Songs from two of the Grateful Dead performances were released on their album View from the Vault, Volume Four.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who actually wrote the song Cassidy ?","Cassidy is a song written by John Barlow and Bob Weir and performed by the Grateful Dead, Ratdog, and Phil Lesh & Friends. The song appeared on Bob Weir's Ace, and the Grateful Dead's Reckoning and Without a Net albums.",4,"","Who wrote the Dead 's hit Cassidy ?","Cassidy is a song written by John Barlow and Bob Weir and performed by the Grateful Dead, Ratdog, and Phil Lesh & Friends. The song appeared on Bob Weir's Ace, and the Grateful Dead's Reckoning and Without a Net albums.",4,null,192,true,"103_8_CAR_930fbdd5862bc196f1775bb49fc3ca58eec391da","CAR_930fbdd5862bc196f1775bb49fc3ca58eec391da","103_8_CAR_803cc2277c2d6f6abd13a37319e03f0a80ec8d81","CAR_803cc2277c2d6f6abd13a37319e03f0a80ec8d81","103_8_CAR_7dccc5c94027adc8a3712098cca22b580a284369","CAR_7dccc5c94027adc8a3712098cca22b580a284369",null,"Who wrote Cassidy?","CAR_7dccc5c94027adc8a3712098cca22b580a284369","103_8_CAR_7dccc5c94027adc8a3712098cca22b580a284369","In the early 1970s, Carnes and husband Dave Ellingson co-wrote several songs with David Cassidy, then at the peak of his career as an international idol, and toured the world with him as an opening act with her husband. Cassidy's albums, Rock Me Baby, Dreams are Nuthin' More than Wishes and Cassidy Live! include several songs penned by Carnes, along with Ellingson and Cassidy. Carnes also provided backing vocals for these albums.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who wrote Cassidy?","103_8","Who was the songwriter for Cassidy ?","In the early 1970s, Carnes and husband Dave Ellingson co-wrote several songs with David Cassidy, then at the peak of his career as an international idol, and toured the world with him as an opening act with her husband. Cassidy's albums, Rock Me Baby, Dreams are Nuthin' More than Wishes and Cassidy Live! include several songs penned by Carnes, along with Ellingson and Cassidy. Carnes also provided backing vocals for these albums.",0,null,"Who wrote the Grateful Dead 's live album ?","At the time of its release, Robert Christgau wrote that side two of the double album \"contains the finest rock improvisation ever recorded.\" A landmark live album, that captured the Grateful Dead's improvisations at their best, AllMusic would write that \"Few recordings have ever represented the essence of an artist in performance as faithfully as Live/Dead\".  Drummer Bill Kreutzmann comments \"It was our first live release and it remains one of our best-loved albums. Its appeal was that it took great 'you-had-to-be-there' live versions of songs like 'Dark Star' and 'The Eleven' and put them right in people’s living rooms.\" In 2003, the album was ranked number 244 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who actually wrote the song Cassidy ?","Casey Jones is a song by the American rock band the Grateful Dead.  The music was written by Jerry Garcia, and the lyrics are by Robert Hunter. Hunter stated in a 2015 interview with Rolling Stone that \"Casey Jones\" didn't start out as a song, it just suddenly popped into my mind: \"driving that train, high on cocaine, Casey Jones, you better watch your speed.\" I just wrote that down and I went on to whatever else I was doing, and some time later I came across it and thought, \"That's the germ of a pretty good song.\" The song first appeared on the Dead's 1970 album Workingman's Dead.  Subsequently it was included on a number of their live albums.",0,"","Who wrote the Dead 's hit Cassidy ?","From 1971 until 1995, Barlow wrote lyrics for the Grateful Dead, mostly through his relationship with Bob Weir. Among others, Barlow's songs include \"Cassidy\" (about Neal Cassady and Cassidy Law), \"Estimated Prophet\", \"Black-Throated Wind\", \"Hell in a Bucket\", \"Mexicali Blues\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", and \"Throwing Stones\".",4,null,192,true,"103_8_CAR_e2c3ebcfe9d95342671766c953d265b497c3a4b0","CAR_e2c3ebcfe9d95342671766c953d265b497c3a4b0","103_8_CAR_8c5cbec4c393fed455e0d15e04b2e145dc8849f6","CAR_8c5cbec4c393fed455e0d15e04b2e145dc8849f6","103_8_CAR_782c028c9dd4183519ac4b064040a7ab7cafc57f","CAR_782c028c9dd4183519ac4b064040a7ab7cafc57f",null,"Who wrote Cassidy?","CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","103_8_CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","Maggie Cassidy is a novel by the American writer Jack Kerouac, first published in 1959. It is a largely autobiographical work about Kerouac's early life in Lowell, Massachusetts, from 1938 to 1939, and chronicles his real-life relationship with his teenage sweetheart Mary Carney. It is unique for Kerouac for its high school setting and teenage characters. He wrote the novel in 1953 but it was not published until 1959, after the success of On the Road (1957).",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who wrote Cassidy?","103_8","Who was the songwriter for Cassidy ?","After the band released their first studio album Mirror, Signal, Manoeuvre in 2003, the band underwent a change of personnel and as a result, Beau Cassidy became chief songwriter and subsequently the band acquired a different, more atmospheric sound. The album was produced by Dave Eringa who has produced records for the likes of Idlewild, Manic Street Preachers and Suede.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who wrote the Grateful Dead 's live album ?","Dylan & the Dead is a collaborative live album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan and the Grateful Dead, released on February 6, 1989 by Columbia Records. The album consists of seven songs written and sung by Dylan, with the Grateful Dead providing accompaniment. The album was produced by Jerry Garcia and John Cutler.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who actually wrote the song Cassidy ?","From 1971 until 1995, Barlow wrote lyrics for the Grateful Dead, mostly through his relationship with Bob Weir. Among others, Barlow's songs include \"Cassidy\" (about Neal Cassady and Cassidy Law), \"Estimated Prophet\", \"Black-Throated Wind\", \"Hell in a Bucket\", \"Mexicali Blues\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", and \"Throwing Stones\".",4,"","Who wrote the Dead 's hit Cassidy ?","The album yielded two hit singles. The first, \"Hey Deanie\", was written by Eric Carmen, who also wrote the song \"That's Rock 'n' Roll\" (which was a hit from Cassidy's first solo album).  \"Hey Deanie\" reached #7 in early 1978.  For the second single, also following the formula of his first album, Cassidy remade a 1960s hit, in this case The Lovin' Spoonful's \"Do You Believe in Magic?\" (which was written by John Sebastian). That single became a modest hit, peaking at #31 on the US Billboard Hot 100.",0,null,192,true,"103_8_CAR_4bf41a39870f51b42e97e63eac270f9c08c40754","CAR_4bf41a39870f51b42e97e63eac270f9c08c40754","103_8_CAR_c05e8630f76ea98a4916cb5ae7b66d6883d771fd","CAR_c05e8630f76ea98a4916cb5ae7b66d6883d771fd","103_8_CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6",null,"Who wrote Cassidy?","CAR_0f3a1479425ee8fd1f3767d0df1e70ead99763be","103_8_CAR_0f3a1479425ee8fd1f3767d0df1e70ead99763be","Cassidy is a 1989 mini series based on the novel by Morris West. It was based on the life of Charles Parnell Cassidy, a fictitious premier of New South Wales.",0,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","103_9","What did the Grateful Dead write as well ?","The Grateful Dead wrote several songs about, or in response to, what lyricist Robert Hunter called \"the Altamont affair\", including \"New Speedway Boogie\" (featuring the line \"One way or another, this darkness got to give\") and \"Mason's Children\".  Both songs were written and recorded during sessions for the early 1970 album Workingman's Dead, but \"Mason's Children\" was viewed as too \"popular\" stylistically and was consequently not included on the album.",0,null,"Besides \" Airplane \" , what are some other of the Grateful Dead 's songs ?","During performances, the band generally played, in addition to the material on that album, songs written by (or for, or popularized by) the Grateful Dead (e.g., \"The Wheel\", \"Stella Blue\", \"Scarlet Begonias\", \"Standing On The Moon\", \"Not Fade Away\", \"Long Way To Go Home\") The Beatles (e.g., \"Helter Skelter\", \"All You Need Is Love\"), Bob Dylan (e.g., \"It's All Over Now, Baby Blue\",  and songs written by other well-known rock and roll bands (e.g., \"Kashmir\", by Led Zeppelin, \"Change Is Gonna Come\" by Sam Cooke, \"You Can't Always Get What You Want\", by the Rolling Stones and \"Godzilla\", by Blue Öyster Cult).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What did the Grateful Dead write other than Cassidy ?","From 1971 until 1995, Barlow wrote lyrics for the Grateful Dead, mostly through his relationship with Bob Weir. Among others, Barlow's songs include \"Cassidy\" (about Neal Cassady and Cassidy Law), \"Estimated Prophet\", \"Black-Throated Wind\", \"Hell in a Bucket\", \"Mexicali Blues\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", and \"Throwing Stones\".",3,"","Besides Cassidy , what else did the Dead write ?","From 1971 until 1995, Barlow wrote lyrics for the Grateful Dead, mostly through his relationship with Bob Weir. Among others, Barlow's songs include \"Cassidy\" (about Neal Cassady and Cassidy Law), \"Estimated Prophet\", \"Black-Throated Wind\", \"Hell in a Bucket\", \"Mexicali Blues\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", and \"Throwing Stones\".",3,null,193,false,"103_9_CAR_5c4b2834ef95c2bd8e70966e51f2d65285a96a27","CAR_5c4b2834ef95c2bd8e70966e51f2d65285a96a27","103_9_CAR_9f735a4a59a9333ae670ea2ba011e5dcc0992862","CAR_9f735a4a59a9333ae670ea2ba011e5dcc0992862","103_9_CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6",null,"What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","103_9_CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","From 1971 until 1995, Barlow wrote lyrics for the Grateful Dead, mostly through his relationship with Bob Weir. Among others, Barlow's songs include \"Cassidy\" (about Neal Cassady and Cassidy Law), \"Estimated Prophet\", \"Black-Throated Wind\", \"Hell in a Bucket\", \"Mexicali Blues\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", and \"Throwing Stones\".",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","103_9","What did the Grateful Dead write as well ?","In a November 2012 article in The New Yorker about the vast recorded legacy of the Grateful Dead, Nick Paumgarten had written about an audience recording of this concert. He was then asked to write the album liner notes, which discuss the provenance of the unusually high quality audience recording (captured from the balcony by Bob Wagner) and reference the popular Martin Mull quote comparing writing about music to \"dancing about architecture\".",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Besides \" Airplane \" , what are some other of the Grateful Dead 's songs ?","Live in Japan includes performances of three Grateful Dead songs — \"Dire Wolf\", \"Ripple\", and \"Friend of the Devil\".",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What did the Grateful Dead write other than Cassidy ?","The twosome hammered out such enduring songs as \"Cassidy\", \"Mexicali Blues\", and \"Black-Throated Wind\", all three of which would remain in the repertoires of the Grateful Dead and Weir's varied solo projects for years to come. Other songs to emerge from the Weir-Barlow collaboration include \"Let It Grow\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", \"Estimated Prophet\", \"I Need A Miracle\", \"Lost Sailor\", \"Saint of Circumstance\", \"Hell In A Bucket\", \"Throwing Stones\" and \"Picasso Moon\". Barlow also collaborated with Grateful Dead keyboardists Brent Mydland and Vince Welnick.",4,"","Besides Cassidy , what else did the Dead write ?","The twosome hammered out such enduring songs as \"Cassidy\", \"Mexicali Blues\", and \"Black-Throated Wind\", all three of which would remain in the repertoires of the Grateful Dead and Weir's varied solo projects for years to come. Other songs to emerge from the Weir-Barlow collaboration include \"Let It Grow\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", \"Estimated Prophet\", \"I Need A Miracle\", \"Lost Sailor\", \"Saint of Circumstance\", \"Hell In A Bucket\", \"Throwing Stones\" and \"Picasso Moon\". Barlow also collaborated with Grateful Dead keyboardists Brent Mydland and Vince Welnick.",4,null,193,false,"103_9_CAR_cf72d3e2a9a0aa6471bbee933e679e38db7272f8","CAR_cf72d3e2a9a0aa6471bbee933e679e38db7272f8","103_9_CAR_6e4678b8dc5a0d4a7e40f9280ebc981876f042c6","CAR_6e4678b8dc5a0d4a7e40f9280ebc981876f042c6","103_9_CAR_dddf59ab9b722bddfd309c34d905526674a193e7","CAR_dddf59ab9b722bddfd309c34d905526674a193e7",null,"What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","CAR_dddf59ab9b722bddfd309c34d905526674a193e7","103_9_CAR_dddf59ab9b722bddfd309c34d905526674a193e7","The twosome hammered out such enduring songs as \"Cassidy\", \"Mexicali Blues\", and \"Black-Throated Wind\", all three of which would remain in the repertoires of the Grateful Dead and Weir's varied solo projects for years to come. Other songs to emerge from the Weir-Barlow collaboration include \"Let It Grow\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", \"Estimated Prophet\", \"I Need A Miracle\", \"Lost Sailor\", \"Saint of Circumstance\", \"Hell In A Bucket\", \"Throwing Stones\" and \"Picasso Moon\". Barlow also collaborated with Grateful Dead keyboardists Brent Mydland and Vince Welnick.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","103_9","What did the Grateful Dead write as well ?","During performances, the band generally played, in addition to the material on that album, songs written by (or for, or popularized by) the Grateful Dead (e.g., \"The Wheel\", \"Stella Blue\", \"Scarlet Begonias\", \"Standing On The Moon\", \"Not Fade Away\", \"Long Way To Go Home\") The Beatles (e.g., \"Helter Skelter\", \"All You Need Is Love\"), Bob Dylan (e.g., \"It's All Over Now, Baby Blue\",  and songs written by other well-known rock and roll bands (e.g., \"Kashmir\", by Led Zeppelin, \"Change Is Gonna Come\" by Sam Cooke, \"You Can't Always Get What You Want\", by the Rolling Stones and \"Godzilla\", by Blue Öyster Cult).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Besides \" Airplane \" , what are some other of the Grateful Dead 's songs ?","The twosome hammered out such enduring songs as \"Cassidy\", \"Mexicali Blues\", and \"Black-Throated Wind\", all three of which would remain in the repertoires of the Grateful Dead and Weir's varied solo projects for years to come. Other songs to emerge from the Weir-Barlow collaboration include \"Let It Grow\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", \"Estimated Prophet\", \"I Need A Miracle\", \"Lost Sailor\", \"Saint of Circumstance\", \"Hell In A Bucket\", \"Throwing Stones\" and \"Picasso Moon\". Barlow also collaborated with Grateful Dead keyboardists Brent Mydland and Vince Welnick.",4,"","What did the Grateful Dead write other than Cassidy ?","Cassidy is a song written by John Barlow and Bob Weir and performed by the Grateful Dead, Ratdog, and Phil Lesh & Friends. The song appeared on Bob Weir's Ace, and the Grateful Dead's Reckoning and Without a Net albums.",0,"","Besides Cassidy , what else did the Dead write ?","Cassidy is a song written by John Barlow and Bob Weir and performed by the Grateful Dead, Ratdog, and Phil Lesh & Friends. The song appeared on Bob Weir's Ace, and the Grateful Dead's Reckoning and Without a Net albums.",0,null,193,false,"103_9_CAR_9f735a4a59a9333ae670ea2ba011e5dcc0992862","CAR_9f735a4a59a9333ae670ea2ba011e5dcc0992862","103_9_CAR_dddf59ab9b722bddfd309c34d905526674a193e7","CAR_dddf59ab9b722bddfd309c34d905526674a193e7","103_9_CAR_7dccc5c94027adc8a3712098cca22b580a284369","CAR_7dccc5c94027adc8a3712098cca22b580a284369",null,"What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","CAR_7dccc5c94027adc8a3712098cca22b580a284369","103_9_CAR_7dccc5c94027adc8a3712098cca22b580a284369","Mexicali Blues was written by Bob Weir and lyricist John Perry Barlow. This was the first songwriting collaboration for Weir and Barlow. Barlow has noted that Weir had an idea for a \"cowboy song\" and asked Barlow to write the lyrics after Robert Hunter declined.  Weir would soon switch to using Barlow rather than Hunter for the bulk of his songwriting.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","103_10","Why did the Grateful Dead split up ?","In the early 1990s, the Grateful Dead had been working on new songs. When Jerry Garcia had died in 1995, the band decided to break up and this album never was able to be finished. Work on the unfinished album began in November 1994 in West Marin County in California, at a studio the band called \"the Site\", which was located on a hill with scenic views and occasional views of wildlife. At the time, Jerry Garcia was not particularly interested or focused upon the project, which discouraged its impetus. The studio session work did not have any lead vocals from songs that Garcia performed lead vocals on, and Garcia's guitar work on the tracks was described as \"rudimentary.\" The tracks for the new album were incomplete.",3,null,"How and Why did The Grateful Dead dissolve ?","Since Furthur's dissolution in November 2014, the surviving members of the Grateful Dead continued to play in side projects with revolving casts of musicians. As part of their \"Fare Thee Well\" celebration to honor the 50th anniversary of the Grateful Dead, the surviving members reformed (although not branded as \"The Dead\") to play 5 shows, which were also to be the final shows that they would play together as a group. They enlisted the help from Phish frontman Trey Anastasio on lead guitar and vocals, Bruce Hornsby on piano and vocals, and Jeff Chimenti on keyboards. There were two shows to kick off the \"Fare Thee Well\" run at Levi's Stadium- just miles from where the Grateful Dead began as a band 50 years earlier.",1,"","What happened when the Grateful Dead broke up ?","After the band's disbanding in 1995, Lesh continued the tradition of Grateful Dead family music with side project Phil Lesh and Friends, which paid homage to the Dead's music by playing their originals, common covers, and the songs of the members of his band. Phil Lesh & Friends helped keep a legitimate entity for the band's music to continue. Recently, Lesh has opened a music venue called Terrapin Crossroads. He scaled back his touring regimen in 2014 but continues to perform with Phil Lesh & Friends at select venues. From 2009 to 2014 he performed in Furthur alongside his former Grateful Dead band mate Bob Weir.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why did the Dead band break up ?","Dead to Fall broke up on April 6, 2008 due to financial and personal problems. In 2015, The band did a small reunion tour with the remaining previous members of the band. The tour was supporting Darkest Hour for the tenth anniversary of their album Undoing Ruin. There are currently no future plans if Dead to Fall will play any more tours or write any new albums.",0,null,194,true,"103_10_CAR_7aa8a7372a1f62a5375e6c89e8ab6a5163ed5619","CAR_7aa8a7372a1f62a5375e6c89e8ab6a5163ed5619","103_10_CAR_95c2ea7f7cf0a27e26b690429ba3ec80ec97e527","CAR_95c2ea7f7cf0a27e26b690429ba3ec80ec97e527","103_10_CAR_fe32505db03ef8362da4604b971acdc3168b4ca3","CAR_fe32505db03ef8362da4604b971acdc3168b4ca3",null,"Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","CAR_4e8134dfb4469cd757a5f1e0216ee4bb73a86362","103_10_CAR_4e8134dfb4469cd757a5f1e0216ee4bb73a86362","In the early 1990s, the Grateful Dead had been working on new songs. When Jerry Garcia had died in 1995, the band decided to break up and this album never was able to be finished. Work on the unfinished album began in November 1994 in West Marin County in California, at a studio the band called \"the Site\", which was located on a hill with scenic views and occasional views of wildlife. At the time, Jerry Garcia was not particularly interested or focused upon the project, which discouraged its impetus. The studio session work did not have any lead vocals from songs that Garcia performed lead vocals on, and Garcia's guitar work on the tracks was described as \"rudimentary.\" The tracks for the new album were incomplete.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","103_10","Why did the Grateful Dead split up ?","In 1974 the Grateful Dead were exhausted from touring, and it had proven too expensive and cumbersome to tour with the \"Wall of Sound\" sound system. In response, the group decided to stop touring for an indefinite period of time. In October they played five nights at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco, California. As they were the last concerts before the hiatus, the Grateful Dead wanted them to be properly recorded and documented by a film crew.",0,null,"How and Why did The Grateful Dead dissolve ?","The turn-of-the-century \"acid drought\" was likely due to a number of factors, including but not limited to the arrest of Pickard. Additional factors included the 1996 arrest of longtime LSD chemist Nicholas Sand and the death of \"Dealer McDope\", an important but mysterious man involved in the illicit sale of LSD precursor materials. Grateful Dead concerts provided a primary distribution network for LSD, and this network dissolved when the Grateful Dead stopped touring in 1995.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What happened when the Grateful Dead broke up ?","In 1998, former Grateful Dead members Bob Weir, Phil Lesh, and Mickey Hart formed a band called the Other Ones, which played a number of shows as part of the Furthur Festival.  The band did not play live in 1999.  Then, in 2000, Kreutzmann joined The Other Ones. The band, with Kreutzmann, toured in 2000 and 2002. In 2003, they changed their name to The Dead. The Dead played a number of live concerts in 2003, 2004 and 2009.",0,"","Why did the Dead band break up ?","Later in 1994, The Dead Milkmen announced their decision to break up following a final tour and album. This was due in part to the tendinitis Schulthise began to suffer in his hands, which made performing intensely painful, as well as the band's increasing frustration with commercial and industry struggles. Restless Records released what was planned to be their final studio album in 1995, Stoney's Extra Stout (Pig). Several compilations of both hits and rarities were later released.",0,null,194,true,"103_10_CAR_9016bb4eb160078a05c04781ea6b48b22f4d9ba9","CAR_9016bb4eb160078a05c04781ea6b48b22f4d9ba9","103_10_CAR_cf50b543f2f0d37263570e97e05fd2125b937d21","CAR_cf50b543f2f0d37263570e97e05fd2125b937d21","103_10_CAR_d7331b3b0dd841492c96811cb8be1437c4295ef5","CAR_d7331b3b0dd841492c96811cb8be1437c4295ef5",null,"Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","CAR_c489595624e0a53fb4bb1829a1f491cea11cf117","103_10_CAR_c489595624e0a53fb4bb1829a1f491cea11cf117","Garcia and the band toured almost constantly from their formation in 1965 until Garcia's death in 1995. Periodically, there were breaks due to exhaustion or health problems, often due to unstable health and/or Garcia's drug use. During their three-decade span, the Grateful Dead played 2,314 shows.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","103_10","Why did the Grateful Dead split up ?","In July 1986 Grateful Dead guitarist Jerry Garcia fell into a diabetic coma. He awoke five days later but took months to recover. During this time drummer Bill Kreutzmann and keyboardist Brent Mydland formed the band Go Ahead. The two had performed briefly in a band called Kokomo during the summer of 1985.  Go Ahead played a number of gigs during December 1986 after which the Grateful Dead had resumed performing.",1,null,"How and Why did The Grateful Dead dissolve ?","Hart joined the Grateful Dead in September 1967 and left in February 1971 when he extricated himself from the band due to conflict between band management and his father. During his sabbatical in 1972 he recorded the album Rolling Thunder. He returned to the Dead in 1974 and remained with the group until their official dissolution in 1995. Collaboration with the remaining members of the Grateful Dead continued under the name \"The Dead\", as well as playing with Dead & Company which started in 2015.",1,"","What happened when the Grateful Dead broke up ?","Since Furthur's dissolution in November 2014, the surviving members of the Grateful Dead continued to play in side projects with revolving casts of musicians. As part of their \"Fare Thee Well\" celebration to honor the 50th anniversary of the Grateful Dead, the surviving members reformed (although not branded as \"The Dead\") to play 5 shows, which were also to be the final shows that they would play together as a group. They enlisted the help from Phish frontman Trey Anastasio on lead guitar and vocals, Bruce Hornsby on piano and vocals, and Jeff Chimenti on keyboards. There were two shows to kick off the \"Fare Thee Well\" run at Levi's Stadium- just miles from where the Grateful Dead began as a band 50 years earlier.",1,"","Why did the Dead band break up ?","In 1990 a break-up occurred, when Grzegorz Kupczyk and Andrzej Łysów quit the band. Tomasz Olszewski joined on bass, and the new singer was Robert \"Litza\" Friedrich. This line-up went on, creating Dead End which resembles somewhat of death metal vocals, but the songs' structures are still thrash. The break-up and lack of concerts would cause the band's inactivity. A compilation of 1980–1990 songs was released, containing tracks unreleased before.",0,null,194,true,"103_10_CAR_44d265da93125dd62418a10e20c2dbbaeafd390e","CAR_44d265da93125dd62418a10e20c2dbbaeafd390e","103_10_CAR_71c7dd6398f5ead319d6ce2dc826cae5d14381b7","CAR_71c7dd6398f5ead319d6ce2dc826cae5d14381b7","103_10_CAR_95c2ea7f7cf0a27e26b690429ba3ec80ec97e527","CAR_95c2ea7f7cf0a27e26b690429ba3ec80ec97e527",null,"Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","CAR_a52f900819cd8a5fd437127efd2ab7bb07f03be0","103_10_CAR_a52f900819cd8a5fd437127efd2ab7bb07f03be0","In 1974 the Grateful Dead were exhausted from touring, and it had proven too expensive and cumbersome to tour with the \"Wall of Sound\" sound system. In response, the group decided to stop touring for an indefinite period of time. In October they played five nights at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco, California. As they were the last concerts before the hiatus, the Grateful Dead wanted them to be properly recorded and documented by a film crew.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","104_1","Can you name some famous information retrieval researchers ?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",2,null,"Who are the most influential information retrieval researchers ?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",2,"","Who are some popular information retrieval researchers ?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",2,"","Who are some of the well - known Information Retrieval researchers ?","Prabhakar Raghavan is a Vice President of Engineering at Google. His research spans algorithms, web search and databases  and he is the co-author of the textbooks Randomized Algorithms with Rajeev Motwani and Introduction to Information Retrieval.",2,null,195,false,"104_1_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","104_1_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","104_1_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c",null,"Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","CAR_243373123763379132b8c944ef1e4d4a17cb802b","104_1_CAR_243373123763379132b8c944ef1e4d4a17cb802b","Prabhakar Raghavan is a Vice President of Engineering at Google. His research spans algorithms, web search and databases  and he is the co-author of the textbooks Randomized Algorithms with Rajeev Motwani and Introduction to Information Retrieval.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","104_1","Can you name some famous information retrieval researchers ?","Jaime Teevan is an American computer scientist known for her research in human-computer interaction and information retrieval. She is particularly known for the work she has done on personalized search. According to the Technology Review, Teevan \"is a leader in using data about people's knowledge, preferences, and habits to help them manage information.\"",2,null,"Who are the most influential information retrieval researchers ?","Prof. Michael S. Lew (born 19 April 1965) is a scientist in multimedia information search and retrieval at Leiden University, Netherlands. He has published over a dozen books and 150 scientific articles in the areas of multimedia search, computer vision, human computer interaction, and information retrieval. Notably, he had the most cited paper in the highest impact multimedia research journal indexed by the Web of Science (ISI Thomson Reuters), and the most cited article from the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Information Retrieval in 2008 and also in 2010.  He was the opening keynote speaker for the 9th International Conference on Visual Information Systems, the Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval (Springer), the co-founder of influential conferences such as the International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval (which became the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval), and the IEEE Workshop on Human Computer Interaction. He was also a founding member of the international advisory committee for the TRECVID video retrieval evaluation project, chair of the steering committee for the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval and a member of the ACM SIGMM Executive Committee (the highest board of the SIGMM) . His work is frequently cited in both scientific and popular news sources.",2,"","Who are some popular information retrieval researchers ?","Prof. Michael S. Lew (born 19 April 1965) is a scientist in multimedia information search and retrieval at Leiden University, Netherlands. He has published over a dozen books and 150 scientific articles in the areas of multimedia search, computer vision, human computer interaction, and information retrieval. Notably, he had the most cited paper in the highest impact multimedia research journal indexed by the Web of Science (ISI Thomson Reuters), and the most cited article from the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Information Retrieval in 2008 and also in 2010.  He was the opening keynote speaker for the 9th International Conference on Visual Information Systems, the Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval (Springer), the co-founder of influential conferences such as the International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval (which became the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval), and the IEEE Workshop on Human Computer Interaction. He was also a founding member of the international advisory committee for the TRECVID video retrieval evaluation project, chair of the steering committee for the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval and a member of the ACM SIGMM Executive Committee (the highest board of the SIGMM) . His work is frequently cited in both scientific and popular news sources.",2,"","Who are some of the well - known Information Retrieval researchers ?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",2,null,195,false,"104_1_CAR_6d416022dd26130b7328d38ce95de0b359a9e713","CAR_6d416022dd26130b7328d38ce95de0b359a9e713","104_1_CAR_470f1c144f2ddc1ea58ef9c6ee9e2f3f8e50ae34","CAR_470f1c144f2ddc1ea58ef9c6ee9e2f3f8e50ae34","104_1_CAR_470f1c144f2ddc1ea58ef9c6ee9e2f3f8e50ae34","CAR_470f1c144f2ddc1ea58ef9c6ee9e2f3f8e50ae34",null,"Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","104_1_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","Jaime Teevan is an American computer scientist known for her research in human-computer interaction and information retrieval. She is particularly known for the work she has done on personalized search. According to the Technology Review, Teevan \"is a leader in using data about people's knowledge, preferences, and habits to help them manage information.\"",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","104_1","Can you name some famous information retrieval researchers ?","Cyril Cleverdon also ran, for many years, the Cranfield conferences, which provided a major international forum for discussion of ideas and research in information retrieval. This function was taken over by the SIGIR conferences in the 1970s.",2,null,"Who are the most influential information retrieval researchers ?","Bush's influence is still evident in research laboratories of today in Gordon Bell's MyLifeBits (from Microsoft Research), which implements path-based systems reminiscent of the Memex, is especially impactful in the areas of information retrieval and information science.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Who are some popular information retrieval researchers ?","Prabhakar Raghavan is a Vice President of Engineering at Google. His research spans algorithms, web search and databases  and he is the co-author of the textbooks Randomized Algorithms with Rajeev Motwani and Introduction to Information Retrieval.",2,"","Who are some of the well - known Information Retrieval researchers ?","Jaime Teevan is an American computer scientist known for her research in human-computer interaction and information retrieval. She is particularly known for the work she has done on personalized search. According to the Technology Review, Teevan \"is a leader in using data about people's knowledge, preferences, and habits to help them manage information.\"",2,null,195,false,"104_1_CAR_59e9c37b0b0865ffecd825fe109ebeb427cfdc47","CAR_59e9c37b0b0865ffecd825fe109ebeb427cfdc47","104_1_CAR_db77583b9ef83fe4fcdecd6f55de4e4c9e15cd35","CAR_db77583b9ef83fe4fcdecd6f55de4e4c9e15cd35","104_1_CAR_243373123763379132b8c944ef1e4d4a17cb802b","CAR_243373123763379132b8c944ef1e4d4a17cb802b",null,"Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","CAR_6d416022dd26130b7328d38ce95de0b359a9e713","104_1_CAR_6d416022dd26130b7328d38ce95de0b359a9e713","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","104_2","What projects did information retrieval researchers manage ?","Newman went on to manage a research team at the Xerox Research Centre Europe, Cambridge, UK. With Margery Eldridge and Mik Lamming he pursued a research project in Activity-Based Information Retrieval’ (AIR). The basic hypothesis of the project was that if contextual data about human activities can be automatically captured and later presented as recognisable descriptions of past episodes, then human memory of those past episodes can be improved.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What research did the most influential information retrieval researchers do ?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What research did information retrieval researchers do ?","In general, information retrieval research and technology can be divided into two broad categories: semantic and statistical. Information retrieval systems that fall into the semantic category will attempt to implement some degree of syntactic and semantic analysis of the natural language text that a human user would provide (also see computational linguistics).  Systems that fall into the statistical category will find results based on statistical measures of how closely they match the query.  However, systems in the semantic category also often rely on statistical methods to help them find and retrieve information.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What did the well - known Information Retrieval researchers work on ?","His outstanding and well known work is Buddhist Scripture Information Retrieval (BUDSIR), the first computerized Buddhist Scripture of the world. BUDSIR had been continuously developed with computerized transliteration in Thai and other eight scripts. BUDSIR was granted an outstanding award for MU innovative work, by the National Research Council of Thailand in 1989, as well as \"Distinguished Service Award\" by the UC Berkeley in 1993. Another achievement in 2003 earned him \"The ICT Innovation Award 2003\", a national award for winning first prize for Mahidol University’s Intra-Phone, presented by the National Information Communication Technology Committee.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,196,true,"104_2_CAR_7d5984a79705c71c6a9e0251a57e12c740374717","CAR_7d5984a79705c71c6a9e0251a57e12c740374717","104_2_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","104_2_CAR_a744cf67dc65f0708d055247ed6885935ddadab4","CAR_a744cf67dc65f0708d055247ed6885935ddadab4",null,"What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","CAR_e733a0849ca29b34a3a94ffbd7eb061e96f5d2cc","104_2_CAR_e733a0849ca29b34a3a94ffbd7eb061e96f5d2cc","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","104_2","What projects did information retrieval researchers manage ?","The InfoSeeking Lab includes faculty, graduate students, and undergraduates who focus on information seeking/retrieval behavior; promote research and engage in sharing and discussing research ideas; and explore collaborative research opportunities.  Research projects relating to information seeking/retrieval/behavior and social media have related to collaborative information seeking, social Q&A, human-computer interaction (HCI), search strategies, and browsing behaviors. These projects have been supported with more than a million dollars to date from federal agencies such as National Science Foundation, the Institute of Museum and Library Services, and the Smithsonian Institution, as well as private organizations such as OCLC, Amazon, Google, and Yahoo!",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What research did the most influential information retrieval researchers do ?","Prof. Michael S. Lew (born 19 April 1965) is a scientist in multimedia information search and retrieval at Leiden University, Netherlands. He has published over a dozen books and 150 scientific articles in the areas of multimedia search, computer vision, human computer interaction, and information retrieval. Notably, he had the most cited paper in the highest impact multimedia research journal indexed by the Web of Science (ISI Thomson Reuters), and the most cited article from the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Information Retrieval in 2008 and also in 2010.  He was the opening keynote speaker for the 9th International Conference on Visual Information Systems, the Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval (Springer), the co-founder of influential conferences such as the International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval (which became the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval), and the IEEE Workshop on Human Computer Interaction. He was also a founding member of the international advisory committee for the TRECVID video retrieval evaluation project, chair of the steering committee for the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval and a member of the ACM SIGMM Executive Committee (the highest board of the SIGMM) . His work is frequently cited in both scientific and popular news sources.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What research did information retrieval researchers do ?","The program has carried out research on Spoken Document Retrieval, Video Information Retrieval, Video Segmentation, face recognition, and Cross-language information retrieval.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What did the well - known Information Retrieval researchers work on ?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,196,true,"104_2_CAR_fb31cc1c70b061315c3f69e350244f74db559e61","CAR_fb31cc1c70b061315c3f69e350244f74db559e61","104_2_CAR_470f1c144f2ddc1ea58ef9c6ee9e2f3f8e50ae34","CAR_470f1c144f2ddc1ea58ef9c6ee9e2f3f8e50ae34","104_2_CAR_af0394c662713bd2d8f8a12d074d563f3cf7d711","CAR_af0394c662713bd2d8f8a12d074d563f3cf7d711",null,"What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","104_2_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","W. Bruce Croft is a distinguished professor of computer science at the University of Massachusetts Amherst whose work focuses on information retrieval.He is the founder of the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval and served as the editor-in-chief of ACM Transactions on Information Systems from 1995 to 2002.  He was also a member of the National Research Council Computer Science and Telecommunications Board from 2000 to 2003. Since 2015, he is the Dean of the College of Information and Computer Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He was Chair of the UMass Amherst Computer Science Department from 2001 to 2007.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","104_2","What projects did information retrieval researchers manage ?","Karger has conducted research in the area of information retrieval and personal information management. This work has focused on new interfaces and algorithms for helping people sift effectively through large masses of information. While at Xerox PARC, he worked on the Scatter/Gather system, which hierarchically clustered a document collection and allow the user to gather clusters at different levels and rescatter them. More recently he has been researching retrieval systems that personalize themselves to best fit their individual users' needs and behaviors, leading the Haystack project. David Karger is also part of Confer: a tool for conference attendees used by many research conferences.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What research did the most influential information retrieval researchers do ?","Jaime Teevan is an American computer scientist known for her research in human-computer interaction and information retrieval. She is particularly known for the work she has done on personalized search. According to the Technology Review, Teevan \"is a leader in using data about people's knowledge, preferences, and habits to help them manage information.\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What research did information retrieval researchers do ?","With the help of NSF funding, Cleverdon started a series of projects in 1957 that lasted for about 10 years in which he and his colleagues set the stage for information retrieval research. In the Cranfield project, retrieval experiments were conducted on test databases in a controlled, laboratory-like setting. The aim of the research was to improve the retrieval effectiveness of information retrieval systems, by developing better indexing languages and methods. The components of the experiments were:",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What did the well - known Information Retrieval researchers work on ?","Nicholas J. Belkin is a professor at the School of Communication and Information at Rutgers University. Among the main themes of his research are digital libraries; information-seeking behaviors; and interaction between humans and information retrieval systems. Belkin is best known for his work on human-centered Information Retrieval and the hypothesis of Anomalous State of Knowledge (ASK). Belkin realized that in many cases, users of search systems are unable to precisely formulate what they need. They miss some vital knowledge to formulate their queries. In such cases it is more suitable to attempt to describe a user's anomalous state of knowledge than to ask the user to specify her/his need as a request to the system.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,196,true,"104_2_CAR_e881b60c97695aba734906e68f35fbc576641cae","CAR_e881b60c97695aba734906e68f35fbc576641cae","104_2_CAR_6d416022dd26130b7328d38ce95de0b359a9e713","CAR_6d416022dd26130b7328d38ce95de0b359a9e713","104_2_CAR_57d3ffe21cb7e7bc36695f05e6b102ce700c6864","CAR_57d3ffe21cb7e7bc36695f05e6b102ce700c6864",null,"What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","CAR_d4fe82ad9e296f39534ee1494627464f4cdb5bb6","104_2_CAR_d4fe82ad9e296f39534ee1494627464f4cdb5bb6","Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) is a research center at the Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst. It is a leading research center in the area of Information Retrieval and Information Extraction. CIIR is led by Distinguished Professor W. Bruce Croft and Professor James Allan.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","104_3","Who are some of the most respected British information retrieval researchers ?","Stephen Robertson is a British computer scientist. He is known for his work on information retrieval and the Okapi BM25 weighting model.",2,null,"Who are some of the best information retrieval researchers from the UK ?","Newman went on to manage a research team at the Xerox Research Centre Europe, Cambridge, UK. With Margery Eldridge and Mik Lamming he pursued a research project in Activity-Based Information Retrieval’ (AIR). The basic hypothesis of the project was that if contextual data about human activities can be automatically captured and later presented as recognisable descriptions of past episodes, then human memory of those past episodes can be improved.",0,"","Who are the most influential British information retrieval researchers ?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",0,"","Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers ?","The Information Retrieval Specialist Group (IRSG) or BCS-IRSG is a Specialist Group of the British Computer Society concerned with supporting communication between researchers and practitioners, promoting the use of Information Retrieval (IR) methods in industry and raising public awareness. There is a newsletter called The Informer, an annual European Conference (ECIR), and continual organisation and sponsorship of conferences, workshops and seminars. The current chair is Dr. Andy MacFarlane.",0,null,197,false,"104_3_CAR_6582b62ea4645d36733f619b0bcb22991be1fa59","CAR_6582b62ea4645d36733f619b0bcb22991be1fa59","104_3_CAR_7d5984a79705c71c6a9e0251a57e12c740374717","CAR_7d5984a79705c71c6a9e0251a57e12c740374717","104_3_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c",null,"Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","CAR_72bf464d156c6485429279c622ba61228fc11312","104_3_CAR_72bf464d156c6485429279c622ba61228fc11312","Stephen Robertson is a British computer scientist. He is known for his work on information retrieval and the Okapi BM25 weighting model.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","104_3","Who are some of the most respected British information retrieval researchers ?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",0,null,"Who are some of the best information retrieval researchers from the UK ?","C. J. \"Keith\" van Rijsbergen FREng (Cornelis Joost van Rijsbergen) (born 1943) is a professor of computer science and the leader of the Glasgow Information Retrieval Group based at the University of Glasgow. He is one of the founders of modern Information Retrieval and the author of the seminal monograph Information Retrieval and of the textbook The Geometry of Information Retrieval.",2,"","Who are the most influential British information retrieval researchers ?","Jack Mills (1918 – 9 July 2010) was a British librarian and classification researcher, who worked for more than sixty years in the study, teaching, development and promotion of library classification and information retrieval, principally as a major figure in the British school of facet analysis which builds on the traditions of Henry E. Bliss and S.R. Ranganathan.",2,"","Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers ?","Stephen Robertson is a British computer scientist. He is known for his work on information retrieval and the Okapi BM25 weighting model.",2,null,197,false,"104_3_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","104_3_CAR_d0f46cdf42e889d0632bc58b5153909092841764","CAR_d0f46cdf42e889d0632bc58b5153909092841764","104_3_CAR_ba4619e372348ebeb40fc8b0e5d2a116c236cd7b","CAR_ba4619e372348ebeb40fc8b0e5d2a116c236cd7b",null,"Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","CAR_6582b62ea4645d36733f619b0bcb22991be1fa59","104_3_CAR_6582b62ea4645d36733f619b0bcb22991be1fa59","The Information Retrieval Specialist Group (IRSG) or BCS-IRSG is a Specialist Group of the British Computer Society concerned with supporting communication between researchers and practitioners, promoting the use of Information Retrieval (IR) methods in industry and raising public awareness. There is a newsletter called The Informer, an annual European Conference (ECIR), and continual organisation and sponsorship of conferences, workshops and seminars. The current chair is Dr. Andy MacFarlane.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","104_3","Who are some of the most respected British information retrieval researchers ?","The Information Retrieval Specialist Group (IRSG) or BCS-IRSG is a Specialist Group of the British Computer Society concerned with supporting communication between researchers and practitioners, promoting the use of Information Retrieval (IR) methods in industry and raising public awareness. There is a newsletter called The Informer, an annual European Conference (ECIR), and continual organisation and sponsorship of conferences, workshops and seminars. The current chair is Dr. Andy MacFarlane.",0,null,"Who are some of the best information retrieval researchers from the UK ?","The UKeiG Strix award is an annual award for outstanding contributions to the field of information retrieval and is presented in memory of Dr Tony Kent, a past Fellow of the Institute of Information Scientists (IIS), who died in 1997. Tony Kent made a major contribution to the development of information science and information services both in the UK and internationally, particularly in the field of chemistry. The name 'Strix' was chosen to reflect Tony's interest in ornithology, and as the name of the last and most successful information retrieval packages that he created.",2,"","Who are the most influential British information retrieval researchers ?","Cyril Cleverdon also ran, for many years, the Cranfield conferences, which provided a major international forum for discussion of ideas and research in information retrieval. This function was taken over by the SIGIR conferences in the 1970s.",1,"","Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers ?","C. J. \"Keith\" van Rijsbergen FREng (Cornelis Joost van Rijsbergen) (born 1943) is a professor of computer science and the leader of the Glasgow Information Retrieval Group based at the University of Glasgow. He is one of the founders of modern Information Retrieval and the author of the seminal monograph Information Retrieval and of the textbook The Geometry of Information Retrieval.",2,null,197,false,"104_3_CAR_72bf464d156c6485429279c622ba61228fc11312","CAR_72bf464d156c6485429279c622ba61228fc11312","104_3_CAR_c8e4f27dc2b21aa9dd62ec6a5604e61a4754e6d8","CAR_c8e4f27dc2b21aa9dd62ec6a5604e61a4754e6d8","104_3_CAR_59e9c37b0b0865ffecd825fe109ebeb427cfdc47","CAR_59e9c37b0b0865ffecd825fe109ebeb427cfdc47",null,"Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","CAR_d0f46cdf42e889d0632bc58b5153909092841764","104_3_CAR_d0f46cdf42e889d0632bc58b5153909092841764","C. J. \"Keith\" van Rijsbergen FREng (Cornelis Joost van Rijsbergen) (born 1943) is a professor of computer science and the leader of the Glasgow Information Retrieval Group based at the University of Glasgow. He is one of the founders of modern Information Retrieval and the author of the seminal monograph Information Retrieval and of the textbook The Geometry of Information Retrieval.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","104_4","What value did information retrieval researchers have on evaluation ?","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",0,null,"What of the information retrieval researchers ' projects defined evaluation ?","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",0,"","How did information retrieval researchers ' research add to evaluation ?","Because of its emphasis in using human intelligence in the information retrieval process, HCIR requires different evaluation models – one that combines evaluation of the IR and HCI components of the system. A key area of research in HCIR involves evaluation of these systems. Early work on interactive information retrieval, such as Juergen Koenemann and Nicholas J. Belkin's 1996 study of different levels of interaction for automatic query reformulation, leverage the standard IR measures of precision and recall but apply them to the results of multiple iterations of user interaction, rather than to a single query response. Other HCIR research, such as Pia Borlund's IIR evaluation model, applies a methodology more reminiscent of HCI, focusing on the characteristics of users, the details of experimental design, etc.",0,"","What did Information Retrieval researchers ' studies contribute to evaluation ?","Because of its emphasis in using human intelligence in the information retrieval process, HCIR requires different evaluation models – one that combines evaluation of the IR and HCI components of the system. A key area of research in HCIR involves evaluation of these systems. Early work on interactive information retrieval, such as Juergen Koenemann and Nicholas J. Belkin's 1996 study of different levels of interaction for automatic query reformulation, leverage the standard IR measures of precision and recall but apply them to the results of multiple iterations of user interaction, rather than to a single query response. Other HCIR research, such as Pia Borlund's IIR evaluation model, applies a methodology more reminiscent of HCI, focusing on the characteristics of users, the details of experimental design, etc.",0,null,198,true,"104_4_CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","104_4_CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","104_4_CAR_89b60de1e4179304c422dce672387e3ba88620aa","CAR_89b60de1e4179304c422dce672387e3ba88620aa",null,"What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","CAR_89b60de1e4179304c422dce672387e3ba88620aa","104_4_CAR_89b60de1e4179304c422dce672387e3ba88620aa","Cyril Cleverdon (9 September 1914 – 4 December 1997) was a British librarian and computer scientist who is best known for his work on the evaluation of information retrieval systems.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","104_4","What value did information retrieval researchers have on evaluation ?","Because of its emphasis in using human intelligence in the information retrieval process, HCIR requires different evaluation models – one that combines evaluation of the IR and HCI components of the system. A key area of research in HCIR involves evaluation of these systems. Early work on interactive information retrieval, such as Juergen Koenemann and Nicholas J. Belkin's 1996 study of different levels of interaction for automatic query reformulation, leverage the standard IR measures of precision and recall but apply them to the results of multiple iterations of user interaction, rather than to a single query response. Other HCIR research, such as Pia Borlund's IIR evaluation model, applies a methodology more reminiscent of HCI, focusing on the characteristics of users, the details of experimental design, etc.",0,null,"What of the information retrieval researchers ' projects defined evaluation ?","Because of its emphasis in using human intelligence in the information retrieval process, HCIR requires different evaluation models – one that combines evaluation of the IR and HCI components of the system. A key area of research in HCIR involves evaluation of these systems. Early work on interactive information retrieval, such as Juergen Koenemann and Nicholas J. Belkin's 1996 study of different levels of interaction for automatic query reformulation, leverage the standard IR measures of precision and recall but apply them to the results of multiple iterations of user interaction, rather than to a single query response. Other HCIR research, such as Pia Borlund's IIR evaluation model, applies a methodology more reminiscent of HCI, focusing on the characteristics of users, the details of experimental design, etc.",0,"","How did information retrieval researchers ' research add to evaluation ?","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",0,"","What did Information Retrieval researchers ' studies contribute to evaluation ?","His main scientific contributions are the development of the User-subjective approach which is the first design approach developed specifically for PIM systems, the evaluation of the use of search  and tagging in personal information management, as well as developing a new research technique called Elicited Personal Information Retrieval (EPIR) which enabled the study topics such as: the effect of folder structure on file navigation, the amount of cognitive attention used in navigation compared to search and sharing files using common repositories compared to sharing files via email.",0,null,198,true,"104_4_CAR_89b60de1e4179304c422dce672387e3ba88620aa","CAR_89b60de1e4179304c422dce672387e3ba88620aa","104_4_CAR_89b60de1e4179304c422dce672387e3ba88620aa","CAR_89b60de1e4179304c422dce672387e3ba88620aa","104_4_CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa",null,"What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","CAR_1d533041b364cc406c53cf3e60a337580e1dd183","104_4_CAR_1d533041b364cc406c53cf3e60a337580e1dd183","The Cranfield experiments were computer information retrieval experiments conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at Cranfield University in the 1960s, to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","104_4","What value did information retrieval researchers have on evaluation ?","The information retrieval community has emphasized the use of test collections and benchmark tasks to measure topical relevance, starting with the Cranfield Experiments of the early 1960s and culminating in the TREC evaluations that continue to this day as the main evaluation framework for information retrieval research.",0,null,"What of the information retrieval researchers ' projects defined evaluation ?","In computer science, universal IR (information retrieval) evaluation aims to develop measures of database retrieval performance that shall be comparable across all information retrieval tasks.",0,"","How did information retrieval researchers ' research add to evaluation ?","The information retrieval community has emphasized the use of test collections and benchmark tasks to measure topical relevance, starting with the Cranfield Experiments of the early 1960s and culminating in the TREC evaluations that continue to this day as the main evaluation framework for information retrieval research.",0,"","What did Information Retrieval researchers ' studies contribute to evaluation ?","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",0,null,198,true,"104_4_CAR_99043d06b1bfa2a76bde2726e9edf7765fd3b72b","CAR_99043d06b1bfa2a76bde2726e9edf7765fd3b72b","104_4_CAR_8a73735bfc791226598bf2a18e7a95a80b0f994b","CAR_8a73735bfc791226598bf2a18e7a95a80b0f994b","104_4_CAR_99043d06b1bfa2a76bde2726e9edf7765fd3b72b","CAR_99043d06b1bfa2a76bde2726e9edf7765fd3b72b",null,"What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","104_4_CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","Cyril Cleverdon also ran, for many years, the Cranfield conferences, which provided a major international forum for discussion of ideas and research in information retrieval. This function was taken over by the SIGIR conferences in the 1970s.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","104_5","How has the information retrieval experiment been received ?","The Cranfield experiments were computer information retrieval experiments conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at Cranfield University in the 1960s, to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the basic negatives of the information retrieval experiments ?","In information retrieval, the positive predictive value is called precision, and sensitivity is called recall. Unlike the Specificity vs Sensitivity tradeoff, these measures are both independent of the number of true negatives, which is generally unknown and much larger than the actual numbers of relevant and retrieved documents. This assumption of very large numbers of true negatives versus positives is rare in other applications.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the shortcomings of the information retrieval experiment ?","The Cranfield experiments were computer information retrieval experiments conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at Cranfield University in the 1960s, to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are some criticisms of the Information Retrieval experiments ?","A common criticism of retrieval research has argued that many of the tests involved have simply measured retention on a short term scale. In a study conducted by Karpicke and Bauernschmidt used this principle to determine the major differences between the different types of retrieval. The two focused on studying long term retention by testing participants over the course of one week. The participants were either assigned to a uniform schedule or an expanding schedule. No matter what type of spacing was assigned to the ninety-six participants, each completed three repeated tests at the end of their rehearsal intervals. Once those tests were completed, participants came back one week later to complete a final retention test. The researchers concluded that it did not matter what kind of retrieval schedule was used. The biggest contribution to effective long term learning was the spacing between the repeated tests (relative spacing).",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,199,false,"104_5_CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","104_5_CAR_2eb8e86bdf6841ba331ab41cc1d47f84e0a1404b","CAR_2eb8e86bdf6841ba331ab41cc1d47f84e0a1404b","104_5_CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda",null,"What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","CAR_e2d0539e03a125d26be7d249a5c9f46e1a315117","104_5_CAR_e2d0539e03a125d26be7d249a5c9f46e1a315117","One criticism voiced by Yasar Jarrar and Andy Neely from the Cranfield School of Management's Centre for Business Performance is that while Six Sigma is a powerful approach, it can also unduly dominate an organization's culture; and they add that much of the Six Sigma literature – in a remarkable way (six-sigma claims to be evidence, scientifically based) – lacks academic rigor:",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$nulls":6},0]
["What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","104_5","How has the information retrieval experiment been received ?","With the help of NSF funding, Cleverdon started a series of projects in 1957 that lasted for about 10 years in which he and his colleagues set the stage for information retrieval research. In the Cranfield project, retrieval experiments were conducted on test databases in a controlled, laboratory-like setting. The aim of the research was to improve the retrieval effectiveness of information retrieval systems, by developing better indexing languages and methods. The components of the experiments were:",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the basic negatives of the information retrieval experiments ?","In the case of information retrieval, the cosine similarity of two documents will range from 0 to 1, since the term frequencies (tf-idf weights) cannot be negative. The angle between two term frequency vectors cannot be greater than 90°.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the shortcomings of the information retrieval experiment ?","With the help of NSF funding, Cleverdon started a series of projects in 1957 that lasted for about 10 years in which he and his colleagues set the stage for information retrieval research. In the Cranfield project, retrieval experiments were conducted on test databases in a controlled, laboratory-like setting. The aim of the research was to improve the retrieval effectiveness of information retrieval systems, by developing better indexing languages and methods. The components of the experiments were:",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are some criticisms of the Information Retrieval experiments ?","Some critics of active recall claim that using retrieval techniques only improves learning a specific response. However, Karpicke et al. (2009) and Butler (2010) proved that at the very least, information is better remembered.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,199,false,"104_5_CAR_57d3ffe21cb7e7bc36695f05e6b102ce700c6864","CAR_57d3ffe21cb7e7bc36695f05e6b102ce700c6864","104_5_CAR_65e540b6d079554bbe279adaccd15e7d408cbfa1","CAR_65e540b6d079554bbe279adaccd15e7d408cbfa1","104_5_CAR_57d3ffe21cb7e7bc36695f05e6b102ce700c6864","CAR_57d3ffe21cb7e7bc36695f05e6b102ce700c6864",null,"What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","CAR_2f4d25c388221413a30f96b6de166e976a85ccf7","104_5_CAR_2f4d25c388221413a30f96b6de166e976a85ccf7","Following protests from several NGOs, the German Government ordered a halt of the experiment. The environmentalists feared damage to marine ecosystem by an artificial algal bloom. The critics argued that long-term effects of ocean fertilization would not be detectable during short-term observation. Other critics feared the entry into large-scale manipulation of ecosystems with these large geo-engineering experiments. The German Government sent the proposal for scientific and legal reviews that were supportive of the project and the experiment was allowed to continue.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","104_5","How has the information retrieval experiment been received ?","The LI effect has received a number of theoretical interpretations. One class of theory holds that inconsequential stimulus pre-exposure results in reduced associability for that stimulus. The loss of associability has been attributed to a variety of mechanisms that reduce attention, which then must be reacquired in order for learning to proceed normally. Alternatively, it has been proposed that LI is a result of retrieval failure rather than acquisition failure. Such a position advocates that, following stimulus pre-exposure, the acquisition of the new association to the old stimulus proceeds normally.   However, in the test stage, two associations (the stimulus-no consequence association from the pre-exposure stage and the stimulus-consequence stimulus association of the acquisition stage) are retrieved and compete for expression. The group not pre-exposed to the stimulus performs better than the pre-exposed group because for the first group there is only the second association to be retrieved.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the basic negatives of the information retrieval experiments ?","The Cranfield experiments were computer information retrieval experiments conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at Cranfield University in the 1960s, to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the shortcomings of the information retrieval experiment ?","Before joining Microsoft in 1997, Dumais was a researcher at Bellcore (now Telcordia Technologies), where she and her colleagues conducted research into what is now called the vocabulary problem in information retrieval. Their study demonstrated, through a variety of experiments, that different people use different vocabulary to describe the same thing, and that even choosing the \"best\" term to describe something is not enough for others to find it.  One implication of this work is that because the author of a document may use different vocabulary than someone searching for the document, traditional information retrieval methods will have limited success.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are some criticisms of the Information Retrieval experiments ?","The psychologist C. E. M. Hansel has criticized Vasiliev's experiments, stating that he \"made little attempt to control the human factor in his experiments... insufficient information is given in Vasiliev's book about the precise conditions under which his experiments were carried out... The chief weakness lies in the lack of precautions against errors in recording and against the experimenter being affected by what he knows about the experiment.\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,199,false,"104_5_CAR_2d5d74d597f86f2294211f5e59584a073c35bd39","CAR_2d5d74d597f86f2294211f5e59584a073c35bd39","104_5_CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","104_5_CAR_cd54cf10d35f148df587127308d9be1910a0acd6","CAR_cd54cf10d35f148df587127308d9be1910a0acd6",null,"What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","CAR_47349be398e13980fb42dc6da4b9af453c58a028","104_5_CAR_47349be398e13980fb42dc6da4b9af453c58a028","The case has attracted criticism, both after the 2003 tests and the recent 2010 tests. Sanal Edamaruku, president of the Indian Rationalist Association, criticized the 2010 experiment for allowing Jani to move out of a certain CCTV camera's field of view, meet devotees and leave the sealed test room to sunbathe. Edamaruku stated that the regular gargling and bathing activities were not sufficiently monitored, and accused Jani of having had some \"influential protectors\" who denied Edamaruku permission to inspect the project during its operation.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","104_6","How has the information retrieval experiment changed modern initiatives ?","Together, these components form an information retrieval test collection. The test collection serves as a standard for testing retrieval approaches, and the success of each approach is measured in terms of two measures: precision and recall. Test collections and evaluation measures based on precision and recall are driving forces behind modern research on search systems. Cleverdon's approach formed a blueprint for the successful Text Retrieval Conference series that began in 1992.",1,null,"What are the effects and impact of information retrieval research on modern initiatives ?","1.4 Controlled Vocabulary Impact on Information Retrieval (5.3.6). Information retrieval effectiveness is traditionally measured by two parameters: recall and precision. Controlled vocabulary design can have a positive impact on both of these measures.. Translation: Provide a means for converting the natural language of authors, indexers, and users into a vocabulary that can be used for indexing and retrieval. 2. Consistency: Promote uniformity in term format and in the assignment of terms.",0,"","Has current initiatives changed due to the information retrieval research ?","The IRF aims to bring state-of-the-art information retrieval technology to the community of patent information professionals. We expect information retrieval (IR) technology to become the focus of information technology very soon. All industry sectors can profit from applying modern and future text mining processes to the special requirements of patent research. Although all ideas and concepts are universally applicable to all sorts of intellectual property information, patents require the most sophistication, and confront us with challenging technical and organisational problems. The entire body of patent-related documents possibly constitutes the largest corpus of compound documents, making it a rewarding target for text mining scientists and end-users alike. What’s more, patents have become a crucial issue, in particular for large global corporations and universities. The industrial users of patent data are among the most demanding and important information professionals. As a consequence, they could benefit the most from technology that relieves the burden of researching the large body of patent information.",0,"","How did the Information Retrieval researchers ' studies influence modern initiatives ?","Together, these components form an information retrieval test collection. The test collection serves as a standard for testing retrieval approaches, and the success of each approach is measured in terms of two measures: precision and recall. Test collections and evaluation measures based on precision and recall are driving forces behind modern research on search systems. Cleverdon's approach formed a blueprint for the successful Text Retrieval Conference series that began in 1992.",1,null,200,true,"104_6_CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","104_6_MARCO_5245409","MARCO_5245409","104_6_CAR_856f109ba4b9dbb1de257576d49b11b030545140","CAR_856f109ba4b9dbb1de257576d49b11b030545140",null,"How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","104_6_CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","Important in the IR-tradition have been, among others, the Cranfield experiments, which were founded in the 1950s, and the TREC experiments (Text Retrieval Conferences) starting in 1992. It was the Cranfield experiments, which introduced the famous measures “recall” and “precision” as evaluation criteria for systems efficiency. The Cranfield experiments found that classification systems like UDC and facet-analytic systems were less efficient compared to free-text searches or low level indexing systems (“UNITERM”). The Cranfield I test found according to Ellis (1996, 3-6) the following results.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","104_6","How has the information retrieval experiment changed modern initiatives ?","This corpus was created by crawling the online news articles from the Hamshahri's website and processing the HTML pages to create a standard text corpus for modern Information Retrieval experiments.",0,null,"What are the effects and impact of information retrieval research on modern initiatives ?","The IRF aims to bring state-of-the-art information retrieval technology to the community of patent information professionals. We expect information retrieval (IR) technology to become the focus of information technology very soon. All industry sectors can profit from applying modern and future text mining processes to the special requirements of patent research. Although all ideas and concepts are universally applicable to all sorts of intellectual property information, patents require the most sophistication, and confront us with challenging technical and organisational problems. The entire body of patent-related documents possibly constitutes the largest corpus of compound documents, making it a rewarding target for text mining scientists and end-users alike. What’s more, patents have become a crucial issue, in particular for large global corporations and universities. The industrial users of patent data are among the most demanding and important information professionals. As a consequence, they could benefit the most from technology that relieves the burden of researching the large body of patent information.",0,"","Has current initiatives changed due to the information retrieval research ?","In areas of information retrieval, a Web track was integrated as a component in the community’s TREC evaluation initiative. The sample of the Web used for this exercise amount to around 100GB, compromising of largely documents in the .gov top level domain.",0,"","How did the Information Retrieval researchers ' studies influence modern initiatives ?","The IRF aims to bring state-of-the-art information retrieval technology to the community of patent information professionals. We expect information retrieval (IR) technology to become the focus of information technology very soon. All industry sectors can profit from applying modern and future text mining processes to the special requirements of patent research. Although all ideas and concepts are universally applicable to all sorts of intellectual property information, patents require the most sophistication, and confront us with challenging technical and organisational problems. The entire body of patent-related documents possibly constitutes the largest corpus of compound documents, making it a rewarding target for text mining scientists and end-users alike. What’s more, patents have become a crucial issue, in particular for large global corporations and universities. The industrial users of patent data are among the most demanding and important information professionals. As a consequence, they could benefit the most from technology that relieves the burden of researching the large body of patent information.",0,null,200,true,"104_6_CAR_4b0c3b8532e7bd1de444f6a684d185cc23719edf","CAR_4b0c3b8532e7bd1de444f6a684d185cc23719edf","104_6_CAR_856f109ba4b9dbb1de257576d49b11b030545140","CAR_856f109ba4b9dbb1de257576d49b11b030545140","104_6_CAR_c8b6db8bad7144037c0ad847e1c7468655e1a6cc","CAR_c8b6db8bad7144037c0ad847e1c7468655e1a6cc",null,"How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","CAR_856f109ba4b9dbb1de257576d49b11b030545140","104_6_CAR_856f109ba4b9dbb1de257576d49b11b030545140","Not only did Cleverdon's Cranfield studies introduce experimental research into computer science, the outcomes of the project also established the basis of the automatic indexing as done in today's search engines. Essentially, Cleverdon found that the use of single terms from the documents achieved the best retrieval performance, as opposed to manually assigned thesaurus terms, synonyms, etc. These results were very controversial at the time. In the Cranfield 2 Report, Cleverdon said:",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","104_6","How has the information retrieval experiment changed modern initiatives ?","With the help of NSF funding, Cleverdon started a series of projects in 1957 that lasted for about 10 years in which he and his colleagues set the stage for information retrieval research. In the Cranfield project, retrieval experiments were conducted on test databases in a controlled, laboratory-like setting. The aim of the research was to improve the retrieval effectiveness of information retrieval systems, by developing better indexing languages and methods. The components of the experiments were:",1,null,"What are the effects and impact of information retrieval research on modern initiatives ?","Though there are benefits to ranking documents as not-relevant, a relevant document ranking will result in more precise documents being made available to the user. Therefore, traditional values for the algorithm's weights (a, b, c) in Rocchio Classification are typically around a = 1, b = 0.8, and  c = 0.1. Modern information retrieval systems have moved towards eliminating the non-related documents by setting c = 0 and thus only accounting for related documents. Although not all retrieval systems have eliminated the need for non-related documents, most have limited the effects on modified query by only accounting for strongest non-related documents in the Dnr set.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Has current initiatives changed due to the information retrieval research ?","In 1960, while employed at Lockheed Missiles and Space, Summit learned that it was often easier, cheaper, and faster to redo research on a topic rather than trying to figure out whether specific information already existed (Summit, 2002).  He saw the potential in information retrieval systems, ultimately changing the future of research.  With the new IBM technology, and Lockheed’s general practice of ‘redoing research’ rather than wasting time, Summit had convinced Lockheed to support him in furthering research of information retrieval.  One important criteria was that computer programmers would not be needed to conduct searches.  The system would be interactive to allow searches and queries to be modified easily (also known as recursion), and that it would provide alphabetical displays of all the items one could choose from (also known as indexing) (Summit, 2002).",0,"","How did the Information Retrieval researchers ' studies influence modern initiatives ?","Garfield's work led to the development of several Information Retrieval algorithms, like HITS and Pagerank. Both use the structured citation between websites through hyperlinks. The Association for Library and Information Science Education has a fund for doctoral research through an award named after Garfield.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,200,true,"104_6_CAR_57d3ffe21cb7e7bc36695f05e6b102ce700c6864","CAR_57d3ffe21cb7e7bc36695f05e6b102ce700c6864","104_6_CAR_974cfa8cc21e3bf73225387162cbee7f77af84a1","CAR_974cfa8cc21e3bf73225387162cbee7f77af84a1","104_6_CAR_b6c13992b5422cfc32a377669396c94ce58605ba","CAR_b6c13992b5422cfc32a377669396c94ce58605ba",null,"How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","CAR_fc2fe2c41c5a50c10d01a1a1618fd4919f02fa92","104_6_CAR_fc2fe2c41c5a50c10d01a1a1618fd4919f02fa92","The Cranfield experiments were computer information retrieval experiments conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at Cranfield University in the 1960s, to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is TREC for information retrieval research?","104_7","Can you define TREC ?","TREC, short for the French Techniques de Randonnée Équestre de Compétition is an equestrian discipline designed to test horse and rider.  With origins in France, the sport has spread through Europe, and was introduced to the UK by the British Horse Society (BHS) in 1998.  The sport is now known as British TREC and is run by TREC GB. TREC competitions consist of three separate events (phases) - mounted orienteering, a demonstration of control of the horse's paces and an obstacle course - all completed over the course of one or two days, and points scored, with the highest scoring being declared the overall event winner.",0,null,"Tell me about TREC .","What is TREC? TREC is a sport intended to test the skills of a horse and rider in planning and executing a long distance ride in unfamiliar country. It originated in France as a way of testing and improving the skills of trail ride leaders, and was introduced into the UK in the early 1990s.",0,"","What is TREC ? Who are the founders ?","The DESERTEC concept was originated with Dr Gerhard Knies, a German particle physicist and founder of the Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy Cooperation (TREC) network of researchers. In 1986, in the wake of the Chernobyl nuclear accident, he was searching for a potential alternative source of clean energy and arrived at the following remarkable conclusion: in just six hours, the world's deserts receive more energy from the sun than humankind consumes in a year. The DESERTEC concept was developed further by TREC – an international network of scientists, experts and politicians from the field of  renewable energies – founded in 2003 by the Club of Rome and the National Energy Research Center Jordan. One of the most famous members was Prince Hassan bin Talal of Jordan. In 2009, TREC emerged to the non-profit DESERTEC Foundation.",0,"","What is TREC ?","What is TREC? TREC is a sport intended to test the skills of a horse and rider in planning and executing a long distance ride in unfamiliar country. It originated in France as a way of testing and improving the skills of trail ride leaders, and was introduced into the UK in the early 1990s.",0,null,201,false,"104_7_CAR_0e11c3f1440ca7b682c5cddbad75a04508a7db5c","CAR_0e11c3f1440ca7b682c5cddbad75a04508a7db5c","104_7_MARCO_4593339","MARCO_4593339","104_7_CAR_73953e11e0fbb75af2b93933e7b69db137138e38","CAR_73953e11e0fbb75af2b93933e7b69db137138e38",null,"What is TREC for information retrieval research?","MARCO_4593339","104_7_MARCO_4593339","The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) is an ongoing series of workshops focusing on a list of different information retrieval (IR) research areas, or tracks. It is co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (part of the office of the Director of National Intelligence), and began in 1992 as part of the TIPSTER Text program. Its purpose is to support and encourage research within the information retrieval community by providing the infrastructure necessary for large-scale evaluation of text retrieval methodologies and to increase the speed of lab-to-product transfer of technology.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is TREC for information retrieval research?","104_7","Can you define TREC ?","The Transportation Research Center (TREC) is a research and development center established on 18 December 2007 to conduct collaborative research among SIIT and related government organizations in the area of transportation and transportation, supporting technology.",0,null,"Tell me about TREC .","What Is Le TREC? Le TREC is a three phase event that tests the obedience and training of the horse, along with the riding skill, knowledge and trail sense of the rider. During each phase, different skills will be tested. Le TREC has its roots in France as a way to test equestrian trail guides.",0,"","What is TREC ? Who are the founders ?","TREC, short for the French Techniques de Randonnée Équestre de Compétition is an equestrian discipline designed to test horse and rider.  With origins in France, the sport has spread through Europe, and was introduced to the UK by the British Horse Society (BHS) in 1998.  The sport is now known as British TREC and is run by TREC GB. TREC competitions consist of three separate events (phases) - mounted orienteering, a demonstration of control of the horse's paces and an obstacle course - all completed over the course of one or two days, and points scored, with the highest scoring being declared the overall event winner.",0,"","What is TREC ?","TREC, short for the French Techniques de Randonnée Équestre de Compétition is an equestrian discipline designed to test horse and rider.  With origins in France, the sport has spread through Europe, and was introduced to the UK by the British Horse Society (BHS) in 1998.  The sport is now known as British TREC and is run by TREC GB. TREC competitions consist of three separate events (phases) - mounted orienteering, a demonstration of control of the horse's paces and an obstacle course - all completed over the course of one or two days, and points scored, with the highest scoring being declared the overall event winner.",0,null,201,false,"104_7_CAR_bc47686667dba39fd7ed53b952f8334a46dec02f","CAR_bc47686667dba39fd7ed53b952f8334a46dec02f","104_7_MARCO_4593333","MARCO_4593333","104_7_CAR_0e11c3f1440ca7b682c5cddbad75a04508a7db5c","CAR_0e11c3f1440ca7b682c5cddbad75a04508a7db5c",null,"What is TREC for information retrieval research?","CAR_0e11c3f1440ca7b682c5cddbad75a04508a7db5c","104_7_CAR_0e11c3f1440ca7b682c5cddbad75a04508a7db5c","Text Retrieval Conference. For other uses of TREC, see TREC (disambiguation). The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) is an ongoing series of workshops focusing on a list of different information retrieval (IR) research areas, or tracks.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What is TREC for information retrieval research?","104_7","Can you define TREC ?","What is TREC? TREC is a sport intended to test the skills of a horse and rider in planning and executing a long distance ride in unfamiliar country. It originated in France as a way of testing and improving the skills of trail ride leaders, and was introduced into the UK in the early 1990s.",0,null,"Tell me about TREC .","TREC, short for the French Techniques de Randonnée Équestre de Compétition is an equestrian discipline designed to test horse and rider.  With origins in France, the sport has spread through Europe, and was introduced to the UK by the British Horse Society (BHS) in 1998.  The sport is now known as British TREC and is run by TREC GB. TREC competitions consist of three separate events (phases) - mounted orienteering, a demonstration of control of the horse's paces and an obstacle course - all completed over the course of one or two days, and points scored, with the highest scoring being declared the overall event winner.",0,"","What is TREC ? Who are the founders ?","The Transportation Research Center (TREC) is a research and development center established on 18 December 2007 to conduct collaborative research among SIIT and related government organizations in the area of transportation and transportation, supporting technology.",0,"","What is TREC ?","Texas Real Estate Commission. The Texas Real Estate Commission (TREC) is the state agency that governs real estate practices in the state of Texas. The agency is headquartered at 1700 North Congress in Austin. TREC is composed of nine members appointed by the Governor with the concurrence of the Texas Senate.",0,null,201,false,"104_7_MARCO_4593339","MARCO_4593339","104_7_CAR_0e11c3f1440ca7b682c5cddbad75a04508a7db5c","CAR_0e11c3f1440ca7b682c5cddbad75a04508a7db5c","104_7_CAR_bc47686667dba39fd7ed53b952f8334a46dec02f","CAR_bc47686667dba39fd7ed53b952f8334a46dec02f",null,"What is TREC for information retrieval research?","MARCO_4593335","104_7_MARCO_4593335","In 1992, the US Department of Defense along with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), cosponsored the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC) as part of the TIPSTER text program. The aim of this was to look into the information retrieval community by supplying the infrastructure that was needed for evaluation of text retrieval methodologies on a very large text collection. This catalyzed research on methods that scale to huge corpora. The introduction of web search engines has boosted the need for very large scale retrieval systems even further.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are some recent TREC tasks?","104_8","Can you tell me about some new tasks ?","Before or after the student brainstorming, you can describe some sample presidential tasks such as these: 1  Visit a school and talk about the new education bill. 2  Call the Prime Minister of India to discuss trade between India and the U.S. 3  Meet with Congress about how to spend Americans' tax money.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some new tasks in TREC ?","The TREC Genomics track was a workshop held under the auspices of NIST for the purpose of evaluating systems for information retrieval and related technologies in the genomics domain.  The TREC Genomics track took place annually from 2003 to 2007, with some modifications to the task set every year; tasks included information retrieval, document classification, GeneRIF prediction, and question answering.",0,"","What are some novel tasks in TREC ?","The TREC Genomics track was a workshop held under the auspices of NIST for the purpose of evaluating systems for information retrieval and related technologies in the genomics domain.  The TREC Genomics track took place annually from 2003 to 2007, with some modifications to the task set every year; tasks included information retrieval, document classification, GeneRIF prediction, and question answering.",0,"","What are some recent tasks for TREC ?","The TREC Genomics track was a workshop held under the auspices of NIST for the purpose of evaluating systems for information retrieval and related technologies in the genomics domain.  The TREC Genomics track took place annually from 2003 to 2007, with some modifications to the task set every year; tasks included information retrieval, document classification, GeneRIF prediction, and question answering.",0,null,202,true,"104_8_MARCO_7213559","MARCO_7213559","104_8_CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6","CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6","104_8_CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6","CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6",null,"What are some recent TREC tasks?","CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6","104_8_CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6","The TREC Genomics track was a workshop held under the auspices of NIST for the purpose of evaluating systems for information retrieval and related technologies in the genomics domain.  The TREC Genomics track took place annually from 2003 to 2007, with some modifications to the task set every year; tasks included information retrieval, document classification, GeneRIF prediction, and question answering.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are some recent TREC tasks?","104_8","Can you tell me about some new tasks ?","3: Tell me about a time you were asked to do something you've never done before (new technology, different type of project, new industry, etc.) This is similar to the previous question, but the crux of this one is whether candidates are self-starters who can rapidly adapt to a changing environment.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some new tasks in TREC ?","The test collections developed at TREC are useful not just for (potentially) helping researchers advance the state of the art, but also for allowing developers of new (commercial) retrieval products to evaluate their effectiveness on standard tests.  In the past decade, TREC has created new tests for enterprise e-mail search, genomics search, spam filtering, e-Discovery, and several other retrieval domains.",1,"","What are some novel tasks in TREC ?","The test collections developed at TREC are useful not just for (potentially) helping researchers advance the state of the art, but also for allowing developers of new (commercial) retrieval products to evaluate their effectiveness on standard tests.  In the past decade, TREC has created new tests for enterprise e-mail search, genomics search, spam filtering, e-Discovery, and several other retrieval domains.",1,"","What are some recent tasks for TREC ?","The test collections developed at TREC are useful not just for (potentially) helping researchers advance the state of the art, but also for allowing developers of new (commercial) retrieval products to evaluate their effectiveness on standard tests.  In the past decade, TREC has created new tests for enterprise e-mail search, genomics search, spam filtering, e-Discovery, and several other retrieval domains.",1,null,202,true,"104_8_MARCO_4109324","MARCO_4109324","104_8_CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a","CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a","104_8_CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a","CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a",null,"What are some recent TREC tasks?","CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a","104_8_CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a","The test collections developed at TREC are useful not just for (potentially) helping researchers advance the state of the art, but also for allowing developers of new (commercial) retrieval products to evaluate their effectiveness on standard tests.  In the past decade, TREC has created new tests for enterprise e-mail search, genomics search, spam filtering, e-Discovery, and several other retrieval domains.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are some recent TREC tasks?","104_8","Can you tell me about some new tasks ?","Office works for you. Stay on task with Office 2016 with new, faster ways to achieve the results you want. Find commands with Tell Me. Simply tell Word, Excel, or PowerPoint what you want to do, and Tell Me will guide you to the command.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some new tasks in TREC ?","What Is Le TREC? Le TREC is a three phase event that tests the obedience and training of the horse, along with the riding skill, knowledge and trail sense of the rider. During each phase, different skills will be tested. Le TREC has its roots in France as a way to test equestrian trail guides.",0,"","What are some novel tasks in TREC ?","TREC s mission as a state agency is to protect consumers from illegal real estate transactions; to provide for the availability of competent real estate professionals; and to encourage a robust economic climate that will enhance home ownership and property investment.uestions having to do with The Texas Real Estate License Act and applicable rules may be directed to TREC (512-459-6544). Remember, real estate brokers and salespersons are explicitly prohibited from engaging in the practice of law, unless they are also licensed as an attorney.",0,"","What are some recent tasks for TREC ?","TREC wants to clear up any confusion about the recently adopted amendments re... Information About Brokerage Services (IABS) & Consumer Protection Notice The IABS and Consumer Protection Notice are required by Texas law. New TREC Website Launched Designed with the user in mind to enhance online interaction with the agency.",0,null,202,true,"104_8_MARCO_7949871","MARCO_7949871","104_8_MARCO_4593333","MARCO_4593333","104_8_MARCO_4999486","MARCO_4999486",null,"What are some recent TREC tasks?","MARCO_4593331","104_8_MARCO_4593331","TREC wants to clear up any confusion about the recently adopted amendments re... Information About Brokerage Services (IABS) & Consumer Protection Notice The IABS and Consumer Protection Notice are required by Texas law. New TREC Website Launched Designed with the user in mind to enhance online interaction with the agency.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["e-Discovery?  What's that?","104_9","How can people learn more about e - Discovery ?","This is an introductory course for persons entering the e-discovery field and professionals who would like to broaden their knowledge of the e-discovery process. Learn more about E-Discovery Essentials. ACEDS offers on-demand pre-recorded virtual training by top experts on crucial aspects of e-discovery.",0,null,"What 's the concept behind e - Discovery ?","Discovery Net is one of the earliest examples of a scientific workflow system allowing users to coordinate the execution of remote services based on Web service and Grid Services (OGSA and Open Grid Services Architecture) standards.The system was designed and implemented at Imperial College London as part of the Discovery Net pilot project funded by the UK e-Science Programme (E-Science). Many of the concepts pioneered by Discovery Net have been later incorporated into a variety of other scientific workflow systems.",0,"","What is e - discovery ? What is it all about ?","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Share this item with your network: Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network.",3,"","What 's e - Discovery ?","Electronic discovery (also E-discovery or ediscovery) refers to discovery in legal proceedings such as litigation, government investigations, or Freedom of Information Act requests, where the information sought is in electronic format (often referred to as electronically stored information or ESI).",3,null,203,false,"104_9_MARCO_3502490","MARCO_3502490","104_9_CAR_7eb04d15c3e9abe5bf9476332f4c69668c69f962","CAR_7eb04d15c3e9abe5bf9476332f4c69668c69f962","104_9_MARCO_8114523","MARCO_8114523",null,"e-Discovery?  What's that?","MARCO_2468972","104_9_MARCO_2468972","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Share this item with your network: Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["e-Discovery?  What's that?","104_9","How can people learn more about e - Discovery ?","Find out more about the Triple-E series of ships here: www.worldslargestship.com. The team at Discovery follows the construction of the world's largest ever container ship as they push engineering boundaries to deliver the first Triple-E on time. This exciting preview gives a glimpse into the series.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What 's the concept behind e - Discovery ?","The Electronic Discovery Reference Model (EDRM) is a ubiquitous diagram that represents a conceptual view of these stages involved in the e-discovery process.",0,"","What is e - discovery ? What is it all about ?","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network.",4,"","What 's e - Discovery ?","Electronic discovery (also E-discovery or ediscovery) refers to discovery in legal proceedings such as litigation, government investigations, or Freedom of Information Act requests, where the information sought is in electronic format (often referred to as electronically stored information or ESI).  Electronic discovery is subject to rules of civil procedure and agreed-upon processes, often involving review for privilege and relevance before data are turned over to the requesting party.",4,null,203,false,"104_9_MARCO_2190820","MARCO_2190820","104_9_CAR_d6b0d628b6deadb1bb4e38b62e523e39ebc00ce6","CAR_d6b0d628b6deadb1bb4e38b62e523e39ebc00ce6","104_9_MARCO_7632930","MARCO_7632930",null,"e-Discovery?  What's that?","CAR_31d5f3d13c01fa9b1cdf6a5885d37a457da9c9e7","104_9_CAR_31d5f3d13c01fa9b1cdf6a5885d37a457da9c9e7","Electronic discovery (also E-discovery or ediscovery) refers to discovery in legal proceedings such as litigation, government investigations, or Freedom of Information Act requests, where the information sought is in electronic format (often referred to as electronically stored information or ESI).  Electronic discovery is subject to rules of civil procedure and agreed-upon processes, often involving review for privilege and relevance before data are turned over to the requesting party.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["e-Discovery?  What's that?","104_9","How can people learn more about e - Discovery ?","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network.",4,null,"What 's the concept behind e - Discovery ?","Stages of process. The Electronic Discovery Reference Model (EDRM) is a ubiquitous diagram that represents a conceptual view of these stages involved in the e-discovery process.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is e - discovery ? What is it all about ?","Electronic discovery (also E-discovery or ediscovery) refers to discovery in legal proceedings such as litigation, government investigations, or Freedom of Information Act requests, where the information sought is in electronic format (often referred to as electronically stored information or ESI).",3,"","What 's e - Discovery ?","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Share this item with your network: Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network.",3,null,203,false,"104_9_MARCO_7632930","MARCO_7632930","104_9_MARCO_3865779","MARCO_3865779","104_9_MARCO_2468972","MARCO_2468972",null,"e-Discovery?  What's that?","MARCO_8114523","104_9_MARCO_8114523","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","104_10","What are the important elements for test collection ? What are their characteristics ?","Chemical properties include the flammability and oxidation of a substance. Characteristic properties are important because they help to identify individual elements or groups of elements. For example, there are specific physical and chemical properties associated with metals and non-metals.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the common aspects of a test collection ?","Collection Guide. Specimen processing is one of the most important aspects in the generation of accurate and reliable lab results. Many variables, such as, anticoagulant ratio, storage time and temperature, and surface of containers and drawing components can effect test results.ollection Guide. Specimen processing is one of the most important aspects in the generation of accurate and reliable lab results. Many variables, such as, anticoagulant ratio, storage time and temperature, and surface of containers and drawing components can effect test results.",0,"","What characteristics best describe a test collection ?","In any collection of test items that make up an IQ test, the score that best measures g is the composite score that has the highest correlations with all the item scores. Typically, the g-loaded composite score of an IQ test battery appears to involve a common strength in abstract reasoning across the test's item content.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the important components of a test collection ?","Together, these components form an information retrieval test collection. The test collection serves as a standard for testing retrieval approaches, and the success of each approach is measured in terms of two measures: precision and recall. Test collections and evaluation measures based on precision and recall are driving forces behind modern research on search systems. Cleverdon's approach formed a blueprint for the successful Text Retrieval Conference series that began in 1992.",0,null,204,true,"104_10_MARCO_7335482","MARCO_7335482","104_10_MARCO_1389864","MARCO_1389864","104_10_MARCO_7680897","MARCO_7680897",null,"What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","104_10_CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","Together, these components form an information retrieval test collection. The test collection serves as a standard for testing retrieval approaches, and the success of each approach is measured in terms of two measures: precision and recall. Test collections and evaluation measures based on precision and recall are driving forces behind modern research on search systems. Cleverdon's approach formed a blueprint for the successful Text Retrieval Conference series that began in 1992.",0,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","104_10","What are the important elements for test collection ? What are their characteristics ?","An important characteristic of traditional placement tests is the predominance of the multiple choice question, which may reduce the value of testing as an indicator of overall performance.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the common aspects of a test collection ?","TUBE CHART AND ORDER OF DRAW. Tube Type and. Order. Common Tests Collection Instructions. Blood Cultures. Microbiology: Septicemia, Toxaemia and bacterial. culture. Aerobic (green) bottle MUST be collected first then. Anaerobic (Orange).Paediatric Collection- Yellow bottle. only. Mix the specimen with gentle agitation. Label bottles with Patientâ€™s full name, date of birth, date &. time of collection and bar code.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What characteristics best describe a test collection ?","Collection Guide. Specimen processing is one of the most important aspects in the generation of accurate and reliable lab results. Many variables, such as, anticoagulant ratio, storage time and temperature, and surface of containers and drawing components can effect test results.ollection Guide. Specimen processing is one of the most important aspects in the generation of accurate and reliable lab results. Many variables, such as, anticoagulant ratio, storage time and temperature, and surface of containers and drawing components can effect test results.",0,"","What are the important components of a test collection ?","The activated charcoal in the new bottles results in the media being a black color. Blood Culture Collection Components: Proper filling of BacT bottles â€¢ To ensure accurate and optimal filling of each BacT blood culture bottle, it is important to place hash marks on the bottle prior to collection to identify: 1.lood collection process for blood cultures: Optimal blood collection volume for Adult patients â€¢ Adults: 8-10mL blood per bottle (Green/Aerobe and Orange/Anaerobic bottle) â€¢ Do not overfill blood culture bottle(s).",0,null,204,true,"104_10_CAR_0fccf9517fafaaf1d674e9f02176c27376d85947","CAR_0fccf9517fafaaf1d674e9f02176c27376d85947","104_10_MARCO_5078180","MARCO_5078180","104_10_MARCO_1389864","MARCO_1389864",null,"What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","MARCO_1435503","104_10_MARCO_1435503","In areas of information retrieval, a Web track was integrated as a component in the community’s TREC evaluation initiative. The sample of the Web used for this exercise amount to around 100GB, compromising of largely documents in the .gov top level domain.",0,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","104_10","What are the important elements for test collection ? What are their characteristics ?","In simulations with electromagnetic fields the most important characteristics of a test particle is its electric charge and its mass. In this situation it is often referred to as a test charge.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the common aspects of a test collection ?","Some aspects of the test, such as the length of time the tests should be conducted and the head of liquid to be applied, must depend upon the experience of the user, the purpose for testing, and the kind of information that is sought.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What characteristics best describe a test collection ?","â€¢ Best used to test specific aspects of the machine. â€“ Microbenchmarks: â€¢ Small, specially written programs to isolate a specific aspect of performance characteristics: Processing: integer, floating point, local memory, input/output, etc.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the important components of a test collection ?","Collection Guide. Specimen processing is one of the most important aspects in the generation of accurate and reliable lab results. Many variables, such as, anticoagulant ratio, storage time and temperature, and surface of containers and drawing components can effect test results.ollection Guide. Specimen processing is one of the most important aspects in the generation of accurate and reliable lab results. Many variables, such as, anticoagulant ratio, storage time and temperature, and surface of containers and drawing components can effect test results.",0,null,204,true,"104_10_CAR_75869204d07e4e3e1ddd65309a3da1de2c1827b5","CAR_75869204d07e4e3e1ddd65309a3da1de2c1827b5","104_10_MARCO_378557","MARCO_378557","104_10_MARCO_8278928","MARCO_8278928",null,"What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","MARCO_1389864","104_10_MARCO_1389864","The information retrieval community has emphasized the use of test collections and benchmark tasks to measure topical relevance, starting with the Cranfield Experiments of the early 1960s and culminating in the TREC evaluations that continue to this day as the main evaluation framework for information retrieval research.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","104_11","What is the benchmark for evaluating music ?","The Music Information Retrieval Evaluation eXchange (MIREX) is an annual evaluation campaign for MIR algorithms, coupled to the ISMIR conference. Since it started in 2005, MIREX has fostered advancements both in specific areas of MIR and in the general understanding of how MIR systems and algorithms are to be evaluated. MIREX is to the MIR community what the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC) is to the text information retrieval community: A set of community-defined formal evaluations through which a wide variety of state-of-the-art systems, algorithms and techniques are evaluated under controlled conditions. MIREX is managed by the International Music Information Retrieval Systems Evaluation Laboratory (IMIRSEL) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC).",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What criteria should music be measured against ?","While he was instrumental in the academic exploration of his techniques (he compiled two treatises: the later one in five volumes was substantially complete when he died and was published posthumously), and was himself a master of music analysis, he considered the development and study of techniques to be a means to intellectual, aesthetic and emotional ends. Thus Messiaen maintained that a musical composition must be measured against three separate criteria: it must be interesting, beautiful to listen to, and it must touch the listener.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What is the evaluation metric for music ?","The metric structure of music includes meter, tempo and all other rhythmic aspects that produce temporal regularity against which the foreground details or durational patterns of the music are projected (, ). The terminology of western music is notoriously imprecise in this area .  preferred to speak of \"time\" and \"rhythmic shape\", Imogen Holst  of \"measured rhythm\".",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are benchmarks for music ?","Benchmark Recordings is a record label that was founded in 2002 by music industry veterans Bill Coben and Denny Bruce.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,205,false,"104_11_CAR_3fb859254df23c2fffbf04c7aae48f2e43673182","CAR_3fb859254df23c2fffbf04c7aae48f2e43673182","104_11_CAR_0fcc8d019627e7c4a1afce57af9f98b115ee16de","CAR_0fcc8d019627e7c4a1afce57af9f98b115ee16de","104_11_CAR_f9cd9247d2d01b13cffe001a9706388affb80225","CAR_f9cd9247d2d01b13cffe001a9706388affb80225",null,"What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","CAR_9c999123c7e1e139eda7459a263da4f22ace50ef","104_11_CAR_9c999123c7e1e139eda7459a263da4f22ace50ef","The Music Information Retrieval Evaluation eXchange (MIREX) is an annual evaluation campaign for MIR algorithms, coupled to the ISMIR conference. Since it started in 2005, MIREX has fostered advancements both in specific areas of MIR and in the general understanding of how MIR systems and algorithms are to be evaluated. MIREX is to the MIR community what the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC) is to the text information retrieval community: A set of community-defined formal evaluations through which a wide variety of state-of-the-art systems, algorithms and techniques are evaluated under controlled conditions. MIREX is managed by the International Music Information Retrieval Systems Evaluation Laboratory (IMIRSEL) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC).",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","104_11","What is the benchmark for evaluating music ?","Notable changes in the economic stability of the music industry started in the late 1990s with the advent of P2P file sharing. The Long Tail theory is a benchmark in the music industry for new economic concepts. The nuance of infinite shelf space opened up economic opportunity for independent record labels around the world. The term New Music Economy first emerged in 2007.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What criteria should music be measured against ?","Mozi tended to evaluate actions based on whether they provide benefit to the people, which he measured in terms of an enlarged population (states were sparsely populated in his day), a prosperous economy, and social order. Like other consequentialist theories, Mozi thought that actions should be measured by the way they contribute to the \"greatest societal good for what we have agreed to in a social contract\". With this criterion Mozi denounced things as diverse as offensive warfare, expensive funerals, and even music and dance, which he saw as serving no useful purpose. Mozi did not object to music in principle—\"It's not that I don't like the sound of the drum\" (\"Against Music\")—but only because of the heavy tax burden such activities placed on commoners and also due to the fact that officials tended to indulge in them at the expense of their duties.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What is the evaluation metric for music ?","When administering music aptitude and music achievement tests, however, teachers should first understand the differences between. the following three important concepts: Music aptitude and music. achievement, developmental and stabilized music aptitudes, and. measurement and evaluation.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are benchmarks for music ?","Notable changes in the economic stability of the music industry started in the late 1990s with the advent of P2P file sharing. The Long Tail theory is a benchmark in the music industry for new economic concepts. The nuance of infinite shelf space opened up economic opportunity for independent record labels around the world. The term New Music Economy first emerged in 2007.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,205,false,"104_11_CAR_a67da4f05a15436f93f9d735f77dbc54de1a1d34","CAR_a67da4f05a15436f93f9d735f77dbc54de1a1d34","104_11_CAR_3df43cafc861846c865cd6c5f09d4452fbc67991","CAR_3df43cafc861846c865cd6c5f09d4452fbc67991","104_11_MARCO_2286303","MARCO_2286303",null,"What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","CAR_a67da4f05a15436f93f9d735f77dbc54de1a1d34","104_11_CAR_a67da4f05a15436f93f9d735f77dbc54de1a1d34","For the first time, in October 2006, there is going to be a Score Following evaluation during the second Music Information Retrieval Evaluation eXchange (MIREX). It is expected that most systems participate and compete in live musical situations and the results be announced in public domain.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","104_11","What is the benchmark for evaluating music ?","In 1965 the Seminar on Comprehensive Musicianship was held at Northwestern University. Its purpose was to develop and implement means of improving the education of music teachers. In 1967 a symposium was held at Arlie House in Warrenton, Virginia to discuss means of evaluating Comprehensive Musicianship. The resultant document, Procedures for Evaluation of Music in Contemporary Education, offers guidelines for the evaluation of techniques and attitudes acquired through comprehensive musicianship studies.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What criteria should music be measured against ?","When administering music aptitude and music achievement tests, however, teachers should first understand the differences between. the following three important concepts: Music aptitude and music. achievement, developmental and stabilized music aptitudes, and. measurement and evaluation.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What is the evaluation metric for music ?","Although the ultimate criteria to evaluate any business initiative should be its return on investment or any other financial metrics in general, the evaluation criteria and metrics for the digital marketing campaigns can be discussed in more details.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are benchmarks for music ?","An LMusA practical examination is conducted by two federal examiners. Candidates must present a repertoire from the prescribed lists of pieces that is 40 minutes, but no more than 50 minutes in length, with a further ten minutes testing musical general knowledge of the pieces presented.  Candidates receive one of three grades at diploma level: \"no award\", \"pass\", and the exceptional \"pass with distinction\" (very rarely awarded).  As the AMEB is considered the benchmark of music examination boards in Australia, achieving this award is seen as very prestigious, and signifies a very high performance standard.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,205,false,"104_11_CAR_b7629c5afdd5b9c5404d1371ea925eca2200cf1b","CAR_b7629c5afdd5b9c5404d1371ea925eca2200cf1b","104_11_MARCO_2286303","MARCO_2286303","104_11_CAR_6b00b00b6fda94ffe1539393068cdb99e6f3afc3","CAR_6b00b00b6fda94ffe1539393068cdb99e6f3afc3",null,"What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","CAR_f68710284b0ff5035622830115af5a3de4b4c175","104_11_CAR_f68710284b0ff5035622830115af5a3de4b4c175","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","104_12","What metrics are used to test web search engines ' effectiveness ?","A number of metrics are available to marketers interested in search engine optimization. Google, Moz, Majestic and Ahrefs all use their own crawled data to derive at a numeric conclusion on a website's organic search potential. Since these metrics can be manipulated, they can never be completely reliable for accurate and truthful results.",0,null,"How are web search engines evaluated ?","A search engine evaluator must possess general computer skills. A search engine evaluator determines how well websites match key words entered into a search engine.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are the evaluation metrics for web search engines ?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",2,"","What are important measures for web search engines ?","This requires a metric of importance for prioritizing Web pages. The importance of a page is a function of its intrinsic quality, its popularity in terms of links or visits, and even of its URL (the latter is the case of vertical search engines restricted to a single top-level domain, or search engines restricted to a fixed Web site). Designing a good selection policy has an added difficulty: it must work with partial information, as the complete set of Web pages is not known during crawling.",0,null,206,true,"104_12_CAR_8c84e0902afc35469ba68f92d9b0d9765d778204","CAR_8c84e0902afc35469ba68f92d9b0d9765d778204","104_12_MARCO_1953742","MARCO_1953742","104_12_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c",null,"What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","CAR_b9ff752a31bc5281da676eae4fa696fe8e8aae67","104_12_CAR_b9ff752a31bc5281da676eae4fa696fe8e8aae67","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","104_12","What metrics are used to test web search engines ' effectiveness ?","Academic search engines enable researchers to find academic literature and are used to obtain citation data for calculating performance metrics such as the H-index and impact factor. Researchers from the University of California, Berkeley and OvGU demonstrated that most (web-based) academic search engines, especially Google Scholar, are not capable of identifying spam attacks. The researchers manipulated the citation counts of articles, and managed to make Google Scholar index complete fake articles, some containing advertising.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How are web search engines evaluated ?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",2,"","What are the evaluation metrics for web search engines ?","Usage data is the most effective way of evaluating the true relevancy and value of a website. For example, if users arrive on a web site and go back immediately (high bounce rate), chances are that it wasn’t relevant to their query in the first place. However, if a user repeatedly visits a web site and spends a long time on the site, there is a high likelihood that it is extremely relevant. When it comes to search engines, relevant valuable sites get promoted while irrelevant sites get demoted.",0,"","What are important measures for web search engines ?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",2,null,206,true,"104_12_CAR_77c43330e7544253625fb561f3a9be5c4e685d44","CAR_77c43330e7544253625fb561f3a9be5c4e685d44","104_12_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","104_12_CAR_fea3f5afe60b84928de49ef9a2b71d1329667e01","CAR_fea3f5afe60b84928de49ef9a2b71d1329667e01",null,"What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","104_12_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",2,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","104_12","What metrics are used to test web search engines ' effectiveness ?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",2,null,"How are web search engines evaluated ?","These 10 facts about space will blow your mind. A search engine evaluator usually works from home as a telecommuter and helps analyze a search engine's results. He determines how relevant a results page is for a specific search term and helps the search engine provider offer more helpful results for users. To become a search engine evaluator, you likely will need to be in college or have a completed bachelor's or master's degree.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are the evaluation metrics for web search engines ?","This requires a metric of importance for prioritizing Web pages. The importance of a page is a function of its intrinsic quality, its popularity in terms of links or visits, and even of its URL (the latter is the case of vertical search engines restricted to a single top-level domain, or search engines restricted to a fixed Web site). Designing a good selection policy has an added difficulty: it must work with partial information, as the complete set of Web pages is not known during crawling.",0,"","What are important measures for web search engines ?","In information retrieval contexts, precision and recall are defined in terms of a set of retrieved documents (e.g. the list of documents produced by a web search engine for a query) and a set of relevant documents (e.g. the list of all documents on the internet that are relevant for a certain topic), cf. relevance. The measures were defined in .",1,null,206,true,"104_12_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","104_12_MARCO_1953747","MARCO_1953747","104_12_CAR_b9ff752a31bc5281da676eae4fa696fe8e8aae67","CAR_b9ff752a31bc5281da676eae4fa696fe8e8aae67",null,"What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","CAR_bef98d6918754412ee94604f3a5219a0cf834718","104_12_CAR_bef98d6918754412ee94604f3a5219a0cf834718","In order to evaluate how easily information can be found by searching a site using a search engine or information retrieval system, retrievability measures were developed, and similarly, navigability measures now measure ease of information access through browsing a site (e.g. PageRank, MNav, InfoScent (see Information Foraging), etc.).",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},1,{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","104_13","How are web search engines ' effectiveness tests done using online ones ?","For technical translators without access to expensive machinery, the Internet hosts many online translation sites that are either free or require a small fee. Some research has been done in order to test the effectiveness of various online translation tools. In one article, researchers looked at the success of online machine translators in retrieving appropriate search results. Looking at Google translator, Babelfish (previous to the merge of Babelfish and Yahoo!), Yahoo!, and Prompt, test searches were based on translating key search words and comparing the search results with a monolingual search. Using computer-based statistical analysis, the results showed that translated search results were only 10% less effective than a monolingual search, making the translated search fairly successful in retrieving appropriate information.  However, the success in this particular study was only possible when English was one of the target languages.",0,null,"What are the best online information retrieval tools ?","Information retrieval (IR) is the area of study concerned with searching for documents, for information within documents, and for metadata about documents, as well as that of searching structured storage, relational databases, and the World Wide Web. Automated information retrieval systems are used to reduce what has been called \"information overload\". Many universities and public libraries use IR systems to provide access to books, journals and other documents. Web search engines are the most visible IR applications.",0,"","What are the online evaluation metrics for web search engines ?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",1,"","What are important measures for web search engines ?","This requires a metric of importance for prioritizing Web pages. The importance of a page is a function of its intrinsic quality, its popularity in terms of links or visits, and even of its URL (the latter is the case of vertical search engines restricted to a single top-level domain, or search engines restricted to a fixed Web site). Designing a good selection policy has an added difficulty: it must work with partial information, as the complete set of Web pages is not known during crawling.",0,null,207,false,"104_13_CAR_090e2a78690027d188169e3da6047be1fbc9f54d","CAR_090e2a78690027d188169e3da6047be1fbc9f54d","104_13_CAR_2ba6e4254c1b2f9573e435b48e77fbcb530ccf50","CAR_2ba6e4254c1b2f9573e435b48e77fbcb530ccf50","104_13_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c",null,"What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","CAR_b9ff752a31bc5281da676eae4fa696fe8e8aae67","104_13_CAR_b9ff752a31bc5281da676eae4fa696fe8e8aae67","Evaluation is important in assessing the effectiveness of recommendation algorithms. The commonly used metrics are the mean squared error and root mean squared error, the latter having been used in the Netflix Prize. The information retrieval metrics such as precision and recall or DCG are useful to assess the quality of a recommendation method. Recently, diversity, novelty, and coverage are also considered as important aspects in evaluation. However, many of the classic evaluation measures are highly criticized. Often, results of so-called offline evaluations do not correlate with actually assessed user-satisfaction. The authors conclude \"we would suggest treating results of offline evaluations [i.e. classic performance measures] with skepticism\".",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","104_13","How are web search engines ' effectiveness tests done using online ones ?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",1,null,"What are the best online information retrieval tools ?","Automated information retrieval systems are used to reduce what has been called \"information overload\". Many universities and public libraries use IR systems to provide access to books, journals and other documents. Web search engines are the most visible IR applications.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the online evaluation metrics for web search engines ?","Web accessibility evaluation tools are software programs or online services that help you determine if web content meets accessibility guidelines. This page provides a list of evaluation tools that you can filter to find ones that match your particular needs. To determine what kind of tool you need and how they are able to assist you, see Selecting Web Accessibility Evaluation Tools. Information on this page is provided by vendors and others. W3C does not endorse specific products. See Important Disclaimer.",2,"","What are important measures for web search engines ?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",1,null,207,false,"104_13_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","104_13_CAR_78bbf714a71f6c6a15eeff56f6d49f82be93c196","CAR_78bbf714a71f6c6a15eeff56f6d49f82be93c196","104_13_MARCO_6823435","MARCO_6823435",null,"What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","104_13_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","Virtually all modern evaluation metrics (e.g., mean average precision, discounted cumulative gain) are designed for ranked retrieval without any explicit rank cutoff, taking into account the relative order of the documents retrieved by the search engines and giving more weight to documents returned at higher ranks.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","104_13","How are web search engines ' effectiveness tests done using online ones ?","Based on research that indicates people prefer Bing Web search results over Google, Bing is inviting people nationwide to come and see for themselves with an online test designed to show that the quality of Bingâ€™s Web search results has surpassed Googleâ€™s..",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the best online information retrieval tools ?","The Lemur Project is a collaboration between the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and the Language Technologies Institute at Carnegie Mellon University.  It develops the Lemur Toolkit, an open-source (BSD license) software framework for building language modeling and information retrieval software, and the Indri search engine. This toolkit is used for developing search engines, text analysis tools, browser toolbars, and data resources in the area of IR.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the online evaluation metrics for web search engines ?","Although the workshops and publicly available test collections used for search engine testing and evaluation have provided substantial insights into how information is managed and retrieved, the field has only scratched the surface of the challenges people and organizations face in finding, managing, and, using information now that so much information is available.   Scientific data about how people use the information tools available to them today is still incomplete because experimental research methodologies haven’t been able to keep up with the rapid pace of change. Many challenges, such as contextualized search, personal information management, information integration, and task support, still need to be addressed.",0,"","What are important measures for web search engines ?","In information retrieval contexts, precision and recall are defined in terms of a set of retrieved documents (e.g. the list of documents produced by a web search engine for a query) and a set of relevant documents (e.g. the list of all documents on the internet that are relevant for a certain topic), cf. relevance. The measures were defined in .",0,null,207,false,"104_13_MARCO_6374991","MARCO_6374991","104_13_CAR_40deb88904708cffee4ccd6a6a79f5929baa500e","CAR_40deb88904708cffee4ccd6a6a79f5929baa500e","104_13_CAR_91dc9c7d353d60d72146529024a4586da1a57c21","CAR_91dc9c7d353d60d72146529024a4586da1a57c21",null,"What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","CAR_bef98d6918754412ee94604f3a5219a0cf834718","104_13_CAR_bef98d6918754412ee94604f3a5219a0cf834718","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","105_1","What is Black Lives Matter , and how did the movement start ?","Black Lives Matter, an activist movement that was formed to campaign against racism and what its members consider police brutality against African Americans, has contributed to a revitalization and re-examining of the Black Feminist movement. The movement itself was started by three black women, Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi, and has been viewed as a Black Feminist Movement first rather than as a part of the larger feminist movement. Black Lives Matter largely accepts the intersectionality of women of color, and how interlocking systems of oppression work against African American women in particular. The movement has also been critical of White Feminism as only focusing on the oppression of Women and not looking at how intersectionalities of class, race, and culture have been harming marginalized groups. According to academic scholar Angela Davis,  “Black Women face a triple oppression” of racism, classism, and sexism and Black Lives Matter has been a largely grassroots movement focused on including intersectional voices. Activism of Black Feminists in Black Lives Matter include the protests of political candidates such as Bernie Sanders, Donald Trump, and Hillary Clinton and hashtags such as #oscarssowhite, and #sayhername.",0,null,"When was Black Lives Matter started ?","It's hard to say when the first Black Lives Matter demonstration took place, but Elephrame starts its record on July 19, 2014, two days after Eric Garner died in New York. On that day, 300 people including Garner's family marched in Staten Island, from New Brighton to St. George, in defense of Eric's life.",0,"","What year did Black Lives Matter start ?","In response to the shooting of Trayvon Martin, the Black Lives Matter movement began in 2013, and rapidly expanded in response to subsequent shooting incidents, such as the shooting of Michael Brown. In response to that shooting, protests were held around the country in 2014, most notably in Ferguson, Missouri.",3,"","When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin ?","In response to the shooting of Trayvon Martin, the Black Lives Matter movement began in 2013, and rapidly expanded in response to subsequent shooting incidents, such as the shooting of Michael Brown. In response to that shooting, protests were held around the country in 2014, most notably in Ferguson, Missouri.",3,null,208,true,"105_1_CAR_01cf49132210b1df85be3446759a39d77c3649cd","CAR_01cf49132210b1df85be3446759a39d77c3649cd","105_1_MARCO_6399944","MARCO_6399944","105_1_CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9","CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9",null,"When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9","105_1_CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9","In response to the shooting of Trayvon Martin, the Black Lives Matter movement began in 2013, and rapidly expanded in response to subsequent shooting incidents, such as the shooting of Michael Brown. In response to that shooting, protests were held around the country in 2014, most notably in Ferguson, Missouri.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","105_1","What is Black Lives Matter , and how did the movement start ?","The Black Lives Matter movement calls for an end to police brutality and the killings of African-Americans in the U.S.  The #BlackLivesMatter hashtag was first started by Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi as a response to the trial and later acquittal of George Zimmerman who shot and killed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. The hashtag saw a revival in 2014, after the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, and after a grand jury did not indict police officer Daniel Pantaleo in the death of Eric Garner.",1,null,"When was Black Lives Matter started ?","In response to the shooting of Trayvon Martin, the Black Lives Matter movement began in 2013, and rapidly expanded in response to subsequent shooting incidents, such as the shooting of Michael Brown. In response to that shooting, protests were held around the country in 2014, most notably in Ferguson, Missouri.",3,"","What year did Black Lives Matter start ?","It's hard to say when the first Black Lives Matter demonstration took place, but Elephrame starts its record on July 19, 2014, two days after Eric Garner died in New York. On that day, 300 people including Garner's family marched in Staten Island, from New Brighton to St. George, in defense of Eric's life.",0,"","When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin ?","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,null,208,true,"105_1_CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","105_1_CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9","CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9","105_1_MARCO_6399944","MARCO_6399944",null,"When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","105_1_CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","105_1","What is Black Lives Matter , and how did the movement start ?","The Movement for Black Lives is a coalition of groups across the United States representing the interests of black communities.  It was created in 2016 as a response to sustained and increasingly visible violence against black communities, with the purpose of creating a united front and establishing a political platform. The collective is made up of more than 50 organizations, with members such as the Black Lives Matter Network, the National Conference of Black Lawyers, and the Ella Baker Center for Human Rights.",0,null,"When was Black Lives Matter started ?","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,"","What year did Black Lives Matter start ?","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,"","When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin ?","In 2013, the movement began with the use of the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter on social media, after the acquittal of George Zimmerman in the shooting death of African-American teen Trayvon Martin. Black Lives Matter became nationally recognized for its street demonstrations following the 2014 deaths of two African Americans: Michael Brown, resulting in protests and unrest in Ferguson, and Eric Garner in New York City. Since the Ferguson protests, participants in the movement have demonstrated against the deaths of numerous other African Americans by police actions or while in police custody. In the summer of 2015, Black Lives Matter activists became involved in the 2016 United States presidential election. The originators of the hashtag and call to action, Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi, expanded their project into a national network of over 30 local chapters between 2014 and 2016. The overall Black Lives Matter movement, however, is a decentralized network and has no formal hierarchy.",4,null,208,true,"105_1_CAR_73174ddb924e596333be046be8ee6a0c957d3764","CAR_73174ddb924e596333be046be8ee6a0c957d3764","105_1_CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","105_1_CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1",null,"When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","CAR_2b197f6f5f324bdcf294e8723d6eaaf6666b5b9f","105_1_CAR_2b197f6f5f324bdcf294e8723d6eaaf6666b5b9f","In 2013, the movement began with the use of the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter on social media, after the acquittal of George Zimmerman in the shooting death of African-American teen Trayvon Martin. Black Lives Matter became nationally recognized for its street demonstrations following the 2014 deaths of two African Americans: Michael Brown, resulting in protests and unrest in Ferguson, and Eric Garner in New York City. Since the Ferguson protests, participants in the movement have demonstrated against the deaths of numerous other African Americans by police actions or while in police custody. In the summer of 2015, Black Lives Matter activists became involved in the 2016 United States presidential election. The originators of the hashtag and call to action, Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi, expanded their project into a national network of over 30 local chapters between 2014 and 2016. The overall Black Lives Matter movement, however, is a decentralized network and has no formal hierarchy.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","105_2","What is the truth behind Black Lives Matter ?","That is the story of how three people sparked a movement. What follows is the story of how that movement has evolved from a series of disparate protests into a united cause aimed at subverting the systemic devaluation of Black lives and normalizing the truth that all Black lives matter.",0,null,"Why was Black Lives Matter started ?","Along with community organizers and friends Alicia Garza and Opal Tometi, Cullors founded Black Lives Matter. The three started the movement because of frustration over George Zimmerman's acquittal in the shooting of Trayvon Martin. Cullors wrote the hashtag  to corroborate Garza's use of the phrase in making a Facebook post about the Martin case. Cullors further described her impetus for pushing for African American rights as stemming from her 19-year-old brother being \"brutalized\" during imprisonment Los Angeles County jails.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What is the story behind what happened with Black Lives Matter ?","That is the story of how three people sparked a movement. What follows is the story of how that movement has evolved from a series of disparate protests into a united cause aimed at subverting the systemic devaluation of Black lives and normalizing the truth that all Black lives matter.",0,"","Tell me more about what happened with the Black Lives Matter campaign .","Black Lives Matter, it would seem, has evolved into a social movement with political aims, policy demands and a disparate set of individuals motivated to push those issues into the 2016 campaign.",0,null,209,false,"105_2_MARCO_6399945","MARCO_6399945","105_2_CAR_141d08b57dc5b2d9b79e3bbd6cd25915b63bdc4e","CAR_141d08b57dc5b2d9b79e3bbd6cd25915b63bdc4e","105_2_MARCO_6399945","MARCO_6399945",null,"Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","MARCO_4448910","105_2_MARCO_4448910","Shooting of Trayvon Martin. On the night of February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida, United States, George Zimmerman fatally shot Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old African American high school student. Zimmerman, a 28-year-old mixed race Hispanic man,[Note 1] was the neighborhood watch coordinator for his gated community where Martin was visiting his relatives at the time of the shooting. Zimmerman shot Martin, who was unarmed, during an altercation between the two. Zimmerman was charged with Martin's murder but acquitted at tr",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","105_2","What is the truth behind Black Lives Matter ?","Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and perceived racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.",0,null,"Why was Black Lives Matter started ?","The Black Lives Matter movement calls for an end to police brutality and the killings of African-Americans in the U.S.  The #BlackLivesMatter hashtag was first started by Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi as a response to the trial and later acquittal of George Zimmerman who shot and killed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. The hashtag saw a revival in 2014, after the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, and after a grand jury did not indict police officer Daniel Pantaleo in the death of Eric Garner.",1,"","What is the story behind what happened with Black Lives Matter ?","The Three Women Behind The Black Lives Matter Movement. Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi co-founded the Black Lives Matter Movement when George Zimmerman was acquitted in 2013 for fatally shooting Trayvon Martin. They created the hashtag, which spread like wildfire.",1,"","Tell me more about what happened with the Black Lives Matter campaign .","On July 7, a BLM protest was held in Dallas, Texas that was organized to protest the deaths of Alton Sterling and Philando Castile. At the end of the peaceful protest, Micah Xavier Johnson opened fire in an ambush, killing five police officers and wounding seven others and two civilians. The gunman was then killed by a robot-delivered bomb. Before he died, according to police, Johnson said that \"he was upset about Black Lives Matter\", and that \"he wanted to kill white people, especially white officers.\" Texas Lt. Governor Dan Patrick and other conservative lawmakers blamed the shootings on the Black Lives Matter movement. The Black Lives Matter network released a statement denouncing the shootings. On July 8, more than 100 people were arrested at Black Lives Matter protests across the United States.",0,null,209,false,"105_2_CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","105_2_CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","105_2_MARCO_6399943","MARCO_6399943",null,"Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","CAR_8115b3371fea71c950f32d56ba864a7bfa6ed7f3","105_2_CAR_8115b3371fea71c950f32d56ba864a7bfa6ed7f3","Shooting of Trayvon Martin. On the night of February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida, United States, George Zimmerman fatally shot Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old African American high school student. Zimmerman, a 28-year-old mixed race Hispanic man,[Note 1] was the neighborhood watch coordinator for his gated community where Martin was visiting his relatives at the time of the shooting. Zimmerman shot Martin, who was unarmed, during a physical altercation between the two. In a widely reported trial, Zimmerman was charged with",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","105_2","What is the truth behind Black Lives Matter ?","Black Lives Matter (BLM) activists and supporters protested for days outside the police precinct protesting against information hiding, demanding for release of police dashcam and bodycam videos containing material evidence that can settle the truth of police accounts of the incident.",0,null,"Why was Black Lives Matter started ?","In response to the shooting of Trayvon Martin, the Black Lives Matter movement began in 2013, and rapidly expanded in response to subsequent shooting incidents, such as the shooting of Michael Brown. In response to that shooting, protests were held around the country in 2014, most notably in Ferguson, Missouri.",0,"","What is the story behind what happened with Black Lives Matter ?","Black Lives Matter emerged from a Twitter hashtag in 2013. The movement gained momentum as videos emerged of police officers killing black men, and from there became a rallying cry against racism. Those three words say that black lives havenâ€™t mattered enough in this country, and they should.",0,"","Tell me more about what happened with the Black Lives Matter campaign .","Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and perceived racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.",0,null,209,false,"105_2_CAR_dd7bef61c793c1618de95811bda6904a416f82e0","CAR_dd7bef61c793c1618de95811bda6904a416f82e0","105_2_CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9","CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9","105_2_MARCO_801482","MARCO_801482",null,"Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","105_2_CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","Shooting of Trayvon Martin. On the night of February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida, United States, George Zimmerman fatally shot Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old African American high school student.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","105_3","How was Black Lives Matter acquitted ?","Black Lives Matter founder Alicia Garza contrasted the aggressive police action with the treatment of the organizers of a standoff at an Oregon wildlife refuge (acquitted of federal charges on the same day as the police raid of the camp), saying \"If you're white, you can occupy federal property ... and get found not guilty. No teargas, no tanks, no rubber bullets ... If you're indigenous and fighting to protect our earth, and the water we depend on to survive, you get tear gassed, media blackouts, tanks and all that.\"",0,null,"Why was Black Lives Matter started ?","Along with community organizers and friends Alicia Garza and Opal Tometi, Cullors founded Black Lives Matter. The three started the movement because of frustration over George Zimmerman's acquittal in the shooting of Trayvon Martin. Cullors wrote the hashtag  to corroborate Garza's use of the phrase in making a Facebook post about the Martin case. Cullors further described her impetus for pushing for African American rights as stemming from her 19-year-old brother being \"brutalized\" during imprisonment Los Angeles County jails.",0,"","What proof led to the not guilty verdict in the Black Lives Matter case ?","A grand jury declined to indict the two officers on criminal charges. Crawford's death led to protests, including some organized by the Black Lives Matter movement.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why was Black Lives Matter acquitted ?","Black Lives Matter founder Alicia Garza contrasted the aggressive police action with the treatment of the organizers of a standoff at an Oregon wildlife refuge (acquitted of federal charges on the same day as the police raid of the camp), saying \"If you're white, you can occupy federal property ... and get found not guilty. No teargas, no tanks, no rubber bullets ... If you're indigenous and fighting to protect our earth, and the water we depend on to survive, you get tear gassed, media blackouts, tanks and all that.\"",0,null,210,true,"105_3_CAR_48a54cab58fa2fe44bf5e0a13d7d2d6a575b0972","CAR_48a54cab58fa2fe44bf5e0a13d7d2d6a575b0972","105_3_CAR_141d08b57dc5b2d9b79e3bbd6cd25915b63bdc4e","CAR_141d08b57dc5b2d9b79e3bbd6cd25915b63bdc4e","105_3_CAR_9aad23779c618fad8742efd934261a3e2caea018","CAR_9aad23779c618fad8742efd934261a3e2caea018",null,"Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","CAR_48a54cab58fa2fe44bf5e0a13d7d2d6a575b0972","105_3_CAR_48a54cab58fa2fe44bf5e0a13d7d2d6a575b0972","Zimmerman's trial began on June 10, 2013, in Sanford. On July 13, a jury acquitted Zimmerman of the charges of second degree murder and manslaughter. For three years, the U. S. Department of Justice (DOJ) investigated Zimmerman on civil rights charges. In February 2015, the DOJ concluded there was not sufficient evidence that Zimmerman intentionally violated the civil rights of Martin, saying the Zimmerman case did not meet the \"high standard\" for a federal hate crime prosecution. In response to his acquittal Zimmerman said he felt free to speak his opinion \"without fear of retaliation\". Zimmerman criticized the government and President Obama. He believed Obama inflamed racial tensions. \"He by far overstretched, overreached, even broke the law in certain aspects to where you have an innocent American being prosecuted by the federal government,\" Zimmerman said.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","105_3","How was Black Lives Matter acquitted ?","Garza, with Opal Tometi and Patrisse Cullors, birthed the Black Lives Matters movement. Garza is credited with inspiring the slogan when, after the July 2013 acquittal of George Zimmerman, she posted on Facebook: \"Black people. I love you. I love us. Our lives matter, Black Lives Matter\" which Cullors then shared with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. Garza's organization Black Lives Matter was spurred on by the deaths of black people by police in recent media and racial disparities within the U.S. criminal justice system. She was also struck by the similarities of Trayvon Martin to her younger brother, feeling that it could have been him killed instead. Garza led the 2015 Freedom Ride to Ferguson, organized by Cullors and Darnell Moore that launched the building of BlackLivesMatter chapters across the United States. Garza self-identifies as a queer woman, and her spouse is biracial and transgender; Garza draws on all of these experiences in her organizing and activism.",0,null,"Why was Black Lives Matter started ?","The Black Lives Matter movement calls for an end to police brutality and the killings of African-Americans in the U.S.  The #BlackLivesMatter hashtag was first started by Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi as a response to the trial and later acquittal of George Zimmerman who shot and killed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. The hashtag saw a revival in 2014, after the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, and after a grand jury did not indict police officer Daniel Pantaleo in the death of Eric Garner.",0,"","What proof led to the not guilty verdict in the Black Lives Matter case ?","The 2013 acquittal of Zimmerman on the charge of murdering Martin, inspired a Facebook posting that included the phrase \"black lives matter\", which later became the name of the Black Lives Matter movement.",0,"","Why was Black Lives Matter acquitted ?","At the trial level, Judge Corinne Sparks, who is black, acquitted the youth, for the reason that the only evidence was the testimony of the officer and the youth, and both had reasonable credibility. In the end of her judgement she added,",0,null,210,true,"105_3_CAR_39e50999bbebc37805477fd2cd71b833c2379fea","CAR_39e50999bbebc37805477fd2cd71b833c2379fea","105_3_CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","105_3_CAR_5318e1f9778e05d491627c7c8343bef25941a2f7","CAR_5318e1f9778e05d491627c7c8343bef25941a2f7",null,"Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","CAR_702597e4687933f646778f87c8a53b7049637233","105_3_CAR_702597e4687933f646778f87c8a53b7049637233","Unlike in the court of public opinion, facts, not emotion, were of paramount concern. When all was said and done, a very different picture of the incident emerged. The jury's charge was to determine if George Zimmerman was a murderer, and the prosecution fell far short of meeting their burden of proof. In light of this, acquittal was the just call.",0,2,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","105_3","How was Black Lives Matter acquitted ?","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",0,null,"Why was Black Lives Matter started ?","In response to the shooting of Trayvon Martin, the Black Lives Matter movement began in 2013, and rapidly expanded in response to subsequent shooting incidents, such as the shooting of Michael Brown. In response to that shooting, protests were held around the country in 2014, most notably in Ferguson, Missouri.",0,"","What proof led to the not guilty verdict in the Black Lives Matter case ?","According to The Atlantic, mainstream media gave Holtzclaw's trial for serial sexual attacks and rapes \"relatively little\" attention, although Black Lives Matter activists raised the matter in social media and helped bring attention to the ongoing judicial process. The Guardian reported that local activists were surprised that advocates from national women's groups, who had attended rape trials in the past, were absent from the courtroom at the start of the trial. Racial justice activists who had been very vocal about recent police-involved shootings were also accused of being largely absent from involvement in the Holtzclaw case.",0,"","Why was Black Lives Matter acquitted ?","Garza, with Opal Tometi and Patrisse Cullors, birthed the Black Lives Matters movement. Garza is credited with inspiring the slogan when, after the July 2013 acquittal of George Zimmerman, she posted on Facebook: \"Black people. I love you. I love us. Our lives matter, Black Lives Matter\" which Cullors then shared with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. Garza's organization Black Lives Matter was spurred on by the deaths of black people by police in recent media and racial disparities within the U.S. criminal justice system. She was also struck by the similarities of Trayvon Martin to her younger brother, feeling that it could have been him killed instead. Garza led the 2015 Freedom Ride to Ferguson, organized by Cullors and Darnell Moore that launched the building of BlackLivesMatter chapters across the United States. Garza self-identifies as a queer woman, and her spouse is biracial and transgender; Garza draws on all of these experiences in her organizing and activism.",0,null,210,true,"105_3_CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","105_3_CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9","CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9","105_3_CAR_ff065482d8c53563d0c931b09708fb4d491e6714","CAR_ff065482d8c53563d0c931b09708fb4d491e6714",null,"Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","CAR_39e50999bbebc37805477fd2cd71b833c2379fea","105_3_CAR_39e50999bbebc37805477fd2cd71b833c2379fea","Zimmerman was charged with Martin's murder but acquitted at trial on self-defense grounds. The incident was reviewed by the Department of Justice for potential civil rights violations, but no additional charges were filed, citing insufficient evidence.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["And how what happened to Michael Brown?","105_4","What is the truth behind the Michael Brown incident ?","Michael Brown, an 18-year-old African-American male, was shot to death after an encounter with Officer Darren Wilson, who was called after a robbery and assault was reported in a nearby convenience store describing Michael Brown (later identified as Michael Brown from security cameras). Officer Wilson's account was that when he attempted to question Michael Brown he was attacked.  There was a struggle, Brown attempting and almost succeeding in gaining possession of his, Officer Wilson's weapon.  Due to the struggle the weapon discharged, slightly wounding Brown, who then fled.  Wilson gave brief chase firing upon Brown, ultimately shooting and killing Brown when Brown turned to confront him and, upon Wilson's account, charged at him.  The officer was a 28-year-old white male Ferguson police officer. After several months of deliberation, a grand jury decided not to indict Officer Wilson for any criminal charges in relation to the incident.",2,null,"Why was Michael Brown shot ?","Michael Brown, an 18-year-old African-American male, was shot to death after an encounter with Officer Darren Wilson, who was called after a robbery and assault was reported in a nearby convenience store describing Michael Brown (later identified as Michael Brown from security cameras). Officer Wilson's account was that when he attempted to question Michael Brown he was attacked.  There was a struggle, Brown attempting and almost succeeding in gaining possession of his, Officer Wilson's weapon.  Due to the struggle the weapon discharged, slightly wounding Brown, who then fled.  Wilson gave brief chase firing upon Brown, ultimately shooting and killing Brown when Brown turned to confront him and, upon Wilson's account, charged at him.  The officer was a 28-year-old white male Ferguson police officer. After several months of deliberation, a grand jury decided not to indict Officer Wilson for any criminal charges in relation to the incident.",2,"","What exactly happened to Michael Brown ?","Michael Brown, an 18-year-old African-American male, was shot to death after an encounter with Officer Darren Wilson, who was called after a robbery and assault was reported in a nearby convenience store describing Michael Brown (later identified as Michael Brown from security cameras). Officer Wilson's account was that when he attempted to question Michael Brown he was attacked.  There was a struggle, Brown attempting and almost succeeding in gaining possession of his, Officer Wilson's weapon.  Due to the struggle the weapon discharged, slightly wounding Brown, who then fled.  Wilson gave brief chase firing upon Brown, ultimately shooting and killing Brown when Brown turned to confront him and, upon Wilson's account, charged at him.  The officer was a 28-year-old white male Ferguson police officer. After several months of deliberation, a grand jury decided not to indict Officer Wilson for any criminal charges in relation to the incident.",2,"","And how about what happened to Michael Brown ?","What Happened in Ferguson? Michael Brown, an unarmed black teenager, was shot and killed on Aug. 9, 2014, by Darren Wilson, a white police officer, in Ferguson, Mo., a suburb of St. Louis. The shooting prompted protests that roiled the area for weeks.",1,null,211,false,"105_4_CAR_b2a337dc5522d039d58654cc5efa64e8204ab9d1","CAR_b2a337dc5522d039d58654cc5efa64e8204ab9d1","105_4_CAR_b2a337dc5522d039d58654cc5efa64e8204ab9d1","CAR_b2a337dc5522d039d58654cc5efa64e8204ab9d1","105_4_CAR_b2a337dc5522d039d58654cc5efa64e8204ab9d1","CAR_b2a337dc5522d039d58654cc5efa64e8204ab9d1",null,"And how what happened to Michael Brown?","MARCO_1502176","105_4_MARCO_1502176","What Happened in Ferguson? Michael Brown, an unarmed black teenager, was shot and killed on Aug. 9, 2014, by Darren Wilson, a white police officer, in Ferguson, Mo., a suburb of St. Louis. The shooting prompted protests that roiled the area for weeks.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["And how what happened to Michael Brown?","105_4","What is the truth behind the Michael Brown incident ?","On August 9, 2014, Michael Brown, an unarmed teenager, was fatally shot by Ferguson police officer Darren Wilson while on duty. Chief of Police Tom Jackson claimed in a news conference that Brown had been a suspect in a \"strong-arm\" robbery, but later stated that the robbery was not connected to Officer Wilson's interaction with Brown. The later Department of Justice investigation later described Officer Wilson as having heard the description of the robbery and suspect before he encountered Brown, although Office Wilson could not recount the specifics of what he heard.",2,null,"Why was Michael Brown shot ?","Shooting of Michael Brown. The shooting of Michael Brown occurred on August 9, 2014, in Ferguson, Missouri, a northern suburb of St. Louis. Brown, an 18-year-old black man, was fatally shot by Darren Wilson, 28, a white Ferguson police officer, after Brown reportedly robbed a convenience store.",1,"","What exactly happened to Michael Brown ?","What Happened in Ferguson? Michael Brown, an unarmed black teenager, was shot and killed on Aug. 9, 2014, by Darren Wilson, a white police officer, in Ferguson, Mo., a suburb of St. Louis. The shooting prompted protests that roiled the area for weeks.",1,"","And how about what happened to Michael Brown ?","On August 9, 2014 an unarmed and noncompliant black teenager, Michael Brown, was fatally shot by white police officer Darren Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri.  The disputed details of Brown’s death sparked protests and civil unrest in Ferguson, across the United States, and internationally.  The dispute arose from dueling narratives of why and how the altercation occurred. Officer Wilson and eyewitnesses argued different accounts of what happened.  This confusion, along with aggressive policing following Brown’s death, led to heated debate and examination of the relationship between policing practices and communities of color. The protests and civil unrest continued on November 24, 2014 after a St. Louis grand jury found Darren Wilson not guilty of criminal charges. After the verdict was announced protests flared in Ferguson and in nearly every major U.S. city. On November 29, 2014, Darren Wilson resigned from the Ferguson Police Department with no severance or benefits.  Although over $500,000 was raised by Wilson’s supporters via crowdfunding.",2,null,211,false,"105_4_CAR_1ff9792a3cf2460d34414d536128ca8b1ff7518b","CAR_1ff9792a3cf2460d34414d536128ca8b1ff7518b","105_4_MARCO_8137341","MARCO_8137341","105_4_MARCO_1502176","MARCO_1502176",null,"And how what happened to Michael Brown?","CAR_abc8c7aaf371fb436f01787a7bc66cf3708c0bb3","105_4_CAR_abc8c7aaf371fb436f01787a7bc66cf3708c0bb3","On August 9, 2014 an unarmed and noncompliant black teenager, Michael Brown, was fatally shot by white police officer Darren Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri.  The disputed details of Brown’s death sparked protests and civil unrest in Ferguson, across the United States, and internationally.  The dispute arose from dueling narratives of why and how the altercation occurred. Officer Wilson and eyewitnesses argued different accounts of what happened.  This confusion, along with aggressive policing following Brown’s death, led to heated debate and examination of the relationship between policing practices and communities of color. The protests and civil unrest continued on November 24, 2014 after a St. Louis grand jury found Darren Wilson not guilty of criminal charges. After the verdict was announced protests flared in Ferguson and in nearly every major U.S. city. On November 29, 2014, Darren Wilson resigned from the Ferguson Police Department with no severance or benefits.  Although over $500,000 was raised by Wilson’s supporters via crowdfunding.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["And how what happened to Michael Brown?","105_4","What is the truth behind the Michael Brown incident ?","What Happened in Ferguson? Michael Brown, an unarmed black teenager, was shot and killed on Aug. 9, 2014, by Darren Wilson, a white police officer, in Ferguson, Mo., a suburb of St. Louis. The shooting prompted protests that roiled the area for weeks.",1,null,"Why was Michael Brown shot ?","The shooting of Michael Brown occurred on August 9, 2014, in Ferguson, Missouri, a northern suburb of St. Louis. Brown, an 18-year-old African American, was a suspect in a strong-arm robbery of a convenience store. Brown was fatally shot by Darren Wilson, a 28-year-old police officer in an encounter that took place a short distance away from the convenience store, several minutes after officer Wilson received a radio alert which included a description of a suspect. Brown was accompanied by his friend Dorian Johnson. The report and video were part of a packet that included information about the shooting afterward. The report containing frames of the surveillance footage showed Brown grabbing a box of cigarillos, followed by an apparent struggle or confrontation between Brown and a store clerk. The statutory deadline in the Sunshine Law, Missouri's equivalent of the federal Freedom of Information Act, was the cited reason for the release following requests by St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Judicial Watch and others.",2,"","What exactly happened to Michael Brown ?","Shooting of Michael Brown. The shooting of Michael Brown occurred on August 9, 2014, in Ferguson, Missouri, a northern suburb of St. Louis. Brown, an 18-year-old black man, was fatally shot by Darren Wilson, 28, a white Ferguson police officer, after Brown reportedly robbed a convenience store.",1,"","And how about what happened to Michael Brown ?","Reports of what happened next differ widely among sources and witnesses, but Wilson ended up fatally shooting Brown, who died on the street. At noon on August 9, Wilson drove up to Brown and Johnson in the middle of Canfield Drive and ordered them to move off the street and onto the sidewalk.",1,null,211,false,"105_4_MARCO_1502176","MARCO_1502176","105_4_MARCO_8137345","MARCO_8137345","105_4_MARCO_8137341","MARCO_8137341",null,"And how what happened to Michael Brown?","MARCO_1846894","105_4_MARCO_1846894","Shooting of Michael Brown. The shooting of Michael Brown occurred on August 9, 2014, in Ferguson, Missouri, a northern suburb of St. Louis. Brown, an 18-year-old black man, was fatally shot by Darren Wilson, 28, a white Ferguson police officer, after Brown reportedly robbed a convenience store.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","105_5","Who created the Black Lives Matter movement name ?","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,null,"Who are the people behind the protest naming ?","Middle Finger Protests, also known as Human Rights Protection Group, is a Chandigarh-based human rights organization and protest group led by Prabhloch Singh. The organization received its name from the protests during the Jessica Lal murder trial. It is also the organization behind the protests in the Sippy Sidhu murder case and has been active in various protests, including the Jyoti murder case, Aarushi murder case and Nirbhaya case.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who founded and named the Black Lives Matter movement ?","In December, 2,000–3,000 people gathered at the Mall of America in Bloomington, Minnesota, to protest the killings of unarmed black men by police. At least twenty members of a protest that had been using the slogan were arrested. In Milwaukee, Wisconsin, BLM protested the police shooting of Dontre Hamilton, who died in April. Black Lives Matter protested the shooting of John Crawford III. The shooting of Renisha McBride was protested by Black Lives Matter.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who named the Black Lives Matter movement ?","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,null,212,true,"105_5_CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","105_5_CAR_57e40fcf3356179986179b6dc2698a59c06867a9","CAR_57e40fcf3356179986179b6dc2698a59c06867a9","105_5_CAR_b257743e07486fa285051a84233a5b7d7b215690","CAR_b257743e07486fa285051a84233a5b7d7b215690",null,"Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","105_5_CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","105_5","Who created the Black Lives Matter movement name ?","The Three Women Behind The Black Lives Matter Movement. Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi co-founded the Black Lives Matter Movement when George Zimmerman was acquitted in 2013 for fatally shooting Trayvon Martin. They created the hashtag, which spread like wildfire.",1,null,"Who are the people behind the protest naming ?","7.1 People Pile () was a loose pro-democracy political group in Hong Kong named after the mass protest on 1 July  2003. It was established on 10 August 2003. The group is formed by a group of young people mainly under their 30s. Its aim is to push ahead for democracy in Hong Kong by continuing the spirit of \"people's power\" in the July 1 protests.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who founded and named the Black Lives Matter movement ?","According to some reports, Gaines' death was initially protested by supporters of the Black Lives Matter movement. In the days following the incident, a protest was held in New York City, approximately 100 people attended, with the involvement of Black Youth Project 100 and a local group named \"NYC Shut It Down\" as part of a reoccurring protest event titled \"People’s Monday\". The Phoenix chapter of the African National Women’s Organization held a protest for Gaines and two others recently killed by police.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who named the Black Lives Matter movement ?","The Three Women Behind The Black Lives Matter Movement. Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi co-founded the Black Lives Matter Movement when George Zimmerman was acquitted in 2013 for fatally shooting Trayvon Martin. They created the hashtag, which spread like wildfire.",1,null,212,true,"105_5_MARCO_6399943","MARCO_6399943","105_5_CAR_00e5a457555698fa3d139745a2f9c9e3fe96612d","CAR_00e5a457555698fa3d139745a2f9c9e3fe96612d","105_5_CAR_aa098e73b54bf794624b20affcc1be984b29ae02","CAR_aa098e73b54bf794624b20affcc1be984b29ae02",null,"Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","MARCO_6399943","105_5_MARCO_6399943","The Black Lives Matter movement calls for an end to police brutality and the killings of African-Americans in the U.S.  The #BlackLivesMatter hashtag was first started by Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi as a response to the trial and later acquittal of George Zimmerman who shot and killed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. The hashtag saw a revival in 2014, after the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, and after a grand jury did not indict police officer Daniel Pantaleo in the death of Eric Garner.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","105_5","Who created the Black Lives Matter movement name ?","The “We Gon Be Alright Scholarship” was created by Miss BSM (2015-2016) Summer Holmes. The name of the scholarship comes from lyrics by Kendrick Lamar, which has become an anthem for the Black Lives Matter Movement. The mission of the scholarship is to award “underclassmen scholarship money based on their commitment to service and activism within and outside the Carolina community” and “to highlight the valiant efforts of those who have enacted change for the betterment of their constituents during times of institutional injustices and the disenfranchisement of minority populations.”",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who are the people behind the protest naming ?","The whole protests, including rallies, demonstrations and blockades of highways and rail service, were dubbed by journalists Pitchfork protests from the name of one of the leading participants: the Sicilian-based \"Pitchfork Movement\", which has been active in Sicily since 2011 and was characterised by an autonomist streak. In the 2012 Sicilian regional election the Pitchforks supported either Mariano Ferro (candidate for \"People of Pitchworks\") or Cateno De Luca (candidate for \"Sicilian Revolution\"), who both hailed from the Movement for the Autonomies and received a combined 2.5% of the vote.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who founded and named the Black Lives Matter movement ?","Gurley's death was one of several police killings of African Americans protested by the Black Lives Matter movement. On December 27, 2014, 200 people marched in Brooklyn to protest the fatal shooting of Akai Gurley on the same day as the funeral for slain NYPD Officer Rafael Ramos, who was killed in the 2014 killings of NYPD officers, despite calls from the mayor to postpone demonstrations.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who named the Black Lives Matter movement ?","The Black Lives Matter movement calls for an end to police brutality and the killings of African-Americans in the U.S.  The #BlackLivesMatter hashtag was first started by Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi as a response to the trial and later acquittal of George Zimmerman who shot and killed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. The hashtag saw a revival in 2014, after the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, and after a grand jury did not indict police officer Daniel Pantaleo in the death of Eric Garner.",1,null,212,true,"105_5_CAR_e29911167126b19e63d4fa8c820def5686cf36e4","CAR_e29911167126b19e63d4fa8c820def5686cf36e4","105_5_CAR_0e477b7dc9c23d5ed8713d9caceb73dbb30f07a1","CAR_0e477b7dc9c23d5ed8713d9caceb73dbb30f07a1","105_5_CAR_e869c9d85c2ca82dffd6cbb7d7c34f04b57130d2","CAR_e869c9d85c2ca82dffd6cbb7d7c34f04b57130d2",null,"Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","105_5_CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","The Three Women Behind The Black Lives Matter Movement. Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi co-founded the Black Lives Matter Movement when George Zimmerman was acquitted in 2013 for fatally shooting Trayvon Martin. They created the hashtag, which spread like wildfire.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","105_6","What is the US take on Black Lives Matter ?","The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. According to a September 2015 poll on race relations, nearly two-thirds of African Americans mostly agree with Black Lives Matter, while 42% of white Americans are unsure or do not have an opinion about Black Lives Matter. Of white people surveyed, 41% thought that Black Lives Matter advocated violence, and 59% of whites thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. By comparison, 82% of black people polled thought that Black Lives Matter was a nonviolent movement, and 26% of blacks thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. On the question of whether \"Black Lives Matter\" was mostly a movement or mostly a slogan, 46% of whites and 67% of blacks thought that it is mostly a movement. A similar poll in June 2016 found that 65% of black American adults supported Black Lives Matter and 40% of white American adults support it. Fifty-nine percent of black Americans thought that Black Lives Matter would \"be effective, in the long run, in helping blacks achieve equality\" and 34% of white Americans thought so.",0,null,"What did the US think about the protest naming ?","Tamarod and Al Wefaq opposition society praised the protests and said they were successful. The government of Bahrain however said protests did not affect everyday life. The United States said it supported freedom of expression and assembly, and voiced its concern at the chances of violence. Analysts were divided between those who expected protests to be huge and those that did not see them having any chance. They were also divided about the reasons behind the absence of mass protests in Manama, some blaming it on the security forces, others on protest organizers.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What were the public 's thoughts on Black Lives Matter ?","Black Students took to Twitter to report about the protest because they believed that the media was distorting their views and what the protest was about. One of the most retweeted tweets of the protest was \"The Revolution Won't Be Televised, It Will Be Tweeted\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement ?","There have been many reactions to the Black Lives Matter movement. The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. The phrase All Lives Matter sprang up as a response to the Black Lives Matter movement, but has been criticized for dismissing or misunderstanding the message of Black Lives Matter. Following the shooting of two police officers in Ferguson, the hashtag Blue Lives Matter was created by supporters of the police.",4,null,213,false,"105_6_CAR_c14a7b01cb04592416db2f6275520f7d7cb553d0","CAR_c14a7b01cb04592416db2f6275520f7d7cb553d0","105_6_CAR_90989f69f8e795ca8cd384dde6aa2ce3066b8a5e","CAR_90989f69f8e795ca8cd384dde6aa2ce3066b8a5e","105_6_CAR_bd7e6ef34e0fbcb228ce21cb756f450540ca1490","CAR_bd7e6ef34e0fbcb228ce21cb756f450540ca1490",null,"What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","MARCO_3467165","105_6_MARCO_3467165","There have been many reactions to the Black Lives Matter movement. The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. The phrase All Lives Matter sprang up as a response to the Black Lives Matter movement, but has been criticized for dismissing or misunderstanding the message of Black Lives Matter. Following the shooting of two police officers in Ferguson, the hashtag Blue Lives Matter was created by supporters of the police.",4,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","105_6","What is the US take on Black Lives Matter ?","The Movement for Black Lives is a coalition of groups across the United States representing the interests of black communities.  It was created in 2016 as a response to sustained and increasingly visible violence against black communities, with the purpose of creating a united front and establishing a political platform. The collective is made up of more than 50 organizations, with members such as the Black Lives Matter Network, the National Conference of Black Lawyers, and the Ella Baker Center for Human Rights.",0,null,"What did the US think about the protest naming ?","The year 1979 was named the International Year of the Child, and a state-sponsored conference was held to bring youth workers together to kick off the year and discuss youth issues.  The conference was held on a school day.  The planners were all adults, and only adults were being invited.  Chris Magnus proposed that the Three O'Clock Lobby hold a protest outside the conference, so the group prepared leaflets entitled \"What If the Year of the Woman Had Been Run By Men?\"  About six young people distributed the leaflets, which criticized the conference for discouraging youth participation, but also offered to work with youth agencies to promote positive change.  The group also handed out badges reading \"I Support Youth Participation,\" one of which was worn by Governor Milliken as he made his opening address.  The Three O'Clock Lobby received some favorable press coverage about the protest, but this did not seem to invigorate the organization.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What were the public 's thoughts on Black Lives Matter ?","Bob McManus, a columnist for the New York Post, criticized government officials for failing to condemn the blood-lust of protesters who demanded \"dead cops\" in retaliation for the death of Eric Garner. While not blaming the shooting on political leaders, an editorial in The Wall Street Journal argued that political leaders failed to respond to the protesters' chant—\"What do we want? Dead cops.\"—and that such a failure \"contributed to a public climate of suspicion and hate against police in which a man like Ismaaiyl Brinsley can in his deranged mind think it is justified to stalk and execute two cops on the beat.\" Newsday defended NYC Mayor de Blasio, saying he did not create the animosity towards the police, which is long standing in some quarters; the editorial pointed out that the Mayor spoke out against previous physical attacks on police officers by protesters.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement ?","There have been many reactions to the Black Lives Matter movement. The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. The phrase \"All Lives Matter\" sprang up as a response to the Black Lives Matter movement. However, \"All Lives Matter\" has been criticized for dismissing or misunderstanding the message of \"Black Lives Matter\". Following the shooting of two police officers in Ferguson, the hashtag Blue Lives Matter was created by supporters of the police.",2,null,213,false,"105_6_CAR_73174ddb924e596333be046be8ee6a0c957d3764","CAR_73174ddb924e596333be046be8ee6a0c957d3764","105_6_CAR_3069f0bb07f9e7595676d51bad9e18637203f092","CAR_3069f0bb07f9e7595676d51bad9e18637203f092","105_6_CAR_6c85fb33dd09a6827acab17a0b5a6508df5312ac","CAR_6c85fb33dd09a6827acab17a0b5a6508df5312ac",null,"What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","CAR_76743ca3f0cba86721eb8a28f6e64766c6ca2e52","105_6_CAR_76743ca3f0cba86721eb8a28f6e64766c6ca2e52","There have been many reactions to the Black Lives Matter movement. The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. The phrase \"All Lives Matter\" sprang up as a response to the Black Lives Matter movement. However, \"All Lives Matter\" has been criticized for dismissing or misunderstanding the message of \"Black Lives Matter\". Following the shooting of two police officers in Ferguson, the hashtag Blue Lives Matter was created by supporters of the police.",2,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","105_6","What is the US take on Black Lives Matter ?","Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and perceived racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.",0,null,"What did the US think about the protest naming ?","The Rebellion raised the question of what kinds of protests were permissible under the new Constitution. Legal historian Christian G. Fritz argued that there was not yet a consensus about sovereignty in the United States, even after ratification of the Constitution. Federalists believed that the government was sovereign because it had been established by the people; radical protest actions were permissible during the American Revolution but were no longer legitimate, in their thinking. But the Whiskey Rebels and their defenders believed that the Revolution had established the people as a \"collective sovereign\", and the people had the collective right to change or challenge the government through extra-constitutional means.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What were the public 's thoughts on Black Lives Matter ?","What do you Think About Jesus",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement ?","The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. According to a September 2015 poll on race relations, nearly two-thirds of African Americans mostly agree with Black Lives Matter, while 42% of white Americans are unsure or do not have an opinion about Black Lives Matter. Of white people surveyed, 41% thought that Black Lives Matter advocated violence, and 59% of whites thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. By comparison, 82% of black people polled thought that Black Lives Matter was a nonviolent movement, and 26% of blacks thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. On the question of whether \"Black Lives Matter\" was mostly a movement or mostly a slogan, 46% of whites and 67% of blacks thought that it is mostly a movement. A similar poll in June 2016 found that 65% of black American adults supported Black Lives Matter and 40% of white American adults support it. Fifty-nine percent of black Americans thought that Black Lives Matter would \"be effective, in the long run, in helping blacks achieve equality\" and 34% of white Americans thought so.",0,null,213,false,"105_6_CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","105_6_CAR_a5a677e2daff2af246d1a8f104ccb68441af4a23","CAR_a5a677e2daff2af246d1a8f104ccb68441af4a23","105_6_CAR_c193f112c182ef14dfd638b53e336ee8b4011797","CAR_c193f112c182ef14dfd638b53e336ee8b4011797",null,"What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","CAR_c14a7b01cb04592416db2f6275520f7d7cb553d0","105_6_CAR_c14a7b01cb04592416db2f6275520f7d7cb553d0","The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. According to a September 2015 poll on race relations, nearly two-thirds of African Americans mostly agree with Black Lives Matter, while 42% of white Americans are unsure or do not have an opinion about Black Lives Matter. Of white people surveyed, 41% thought that Black Lives Matter advocated violence, and 59% of whites thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. By comparison, 82% of black people polled thought that Black Lives Matter was a nonviolent movement, and 26% of blacks thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. On the question of whether \"Black Lives Matter\" was mostly a movement or mostly a slogan, 46% of whites and 67% of blacks thought that it is mostly a movement. A similar poll in June 2016 found that 65% of black American adults supported Black Lives Matter and 40% of white American adults support it. Fifty-nine percent of black Americans thought that Black Lives Matter would \"be effective, in the long run, in helping blacks achieve equality\" and 34% of white Americans thought so.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","105_7","What is the police movement , and why is it important ?","The impact of alienation is especially relevant as the contemporary community policing movement emphasizes proactive law enforcement strategies. Effective community policing requires that police officers work closely with local citizens in designing and implementing a variety of proactive crime prevention and control measures. To accomplish these initiatives, it is crucial that officers feel closely integrated with the majority of citizens in the community they serve. Typically, this means that officers perceive themselves as sharing important community values and beliefs and being confident of community support in the decisions they make.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How does the police protest work ?","Continually there was a slight skirmish between the protesters and the police, with the protesters taking fourteen of the police's plastic shields, but giving the shields back to them later. The police continued to dispel the protesters with pepper spray, while the protesters wore scarves, hats, goggles, and even plastic wrap to defend against the spray. The police once used a shipping container as roadblock, but removed that later. After about an hour of confrontation, confrontations between police and protesters diminished. The protesters cleaned up after themselves and took their refuse away with them. Later in the evening, the police commented on the day's protests, saying that the capture of police shields was nothing special and was expected. They also told reporters that they decided not to arrest any protesters because they believed any arrest would make the protesters angry and therefore cause the protesting to be more violent.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the benefits of the police protest in regards to Black Lives Matter ?","Black Lives Matter (BLM) activists and supporters protested for days outside the police precinct protesting against information hiding, demanding for release of police dashcam and bodycam videos containing material evidence that can settle the truth of police accounts of the incident.",0,"","Tell me more about the Black Lives Matter movement of the police supporters .","Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and perceived racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.",0,null,214,true,"105_7_CAR_c61c1c219054e8dc1f303f7c08cac97ca5b0fbdb","CAR_c61c1c219054e8dc1f303f7c08cac97ca5b0fbdb","105_7_CAR_a6568ea38378c55943d53ff3e5a9dd62afe97b69","CAR_a6568ea38378c55943d53ff3e5a9dd62afe97b69","105_7_CAR_dd7bef61c793c1618de95811bda6904a416f82e0","CAR_dd7bef61c793c1618de95811bda6904a416f82e0",null,"Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","105_7_CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","Blue Lives Matter is a pro-police movement in the United States. It was started after the killings of NYPD officers Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu in Brooklyn, New York, on December 20, 2014, after they were ambushed in their patrol car. Blue Lives Matter was formed in reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement, which seeks to end police brutality against the African American community.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","105_7","What is the police movement , and why is it important ?","By these people coming here to stand and unite, they are showing that they are against police brutality and thatâ€™s the most important thing, Maryam Ali, a lead organizer for London's Black Lives Matter movement, told a local newspaper. She added: I think people forget that racism is a worldwide thing.",0,null,"How does the police protest work ?","Police began using tear gas and water cannons to disperse the protestors therefore they began breaching the barricades. A police car was overturned to rescue someone trapped under the car after it ran into the crowd, injuring two protesters. The policeman who was driving crashed the car purposely because he was trying to arrest protesters. Other protesters later protected the police officer from retaliation. Some protesters are beaten by over a dozen police which kicked and punched or surrounded the latter. There are protesters which are beaten by sticks and even beaten even though they are being carried to the detention center without retaliation. When near the press, the police stopped all their harassments.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the benefits of the police protest in regards to Black Lives Matter ?","In September, over five hundred BLM protesters in Austin, Texas rallied against police brutality, and several briefly carried protest banners onto Interstate 35. In Baltimore, Maryland, BLM activists marched and protested as hearings began in the Freddie Gray police brutality case. In Sacramento, California, about eight hundred BLM protesters rallied to support a California Senate bill that would increase police oversight. BLM protested the shooting of Jeremy McDole.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Tell me more about the Black Lives Matter movement of the police supporters .","Black Lives Matter is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism towards black people. BLM regularly holds protests speaking out against police killings of black people, and broader issues such as racial profiling, police brutality, and racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system. In 2013, the movement began with the use of the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter on social media after the acquitt",0,null,214,true,"105_7_MARCO_2098743","MARCO_2098743","105_7_CAR_4834e4cb7a33e3ee2a769a604421bd49358b6b20","CAR_4834e4cb7a33e3ee2a769a604421bd49358b6b20","105_7_CAR_fb46bdb2bdbe9396a3da32bbfb73d91f901f2566","CAR_fb46bdb2bdbe9396a3da32bbfb73d91f901f2566",null,"Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","MARCO_801480","105_7_MARCO_801480","Originating in New York City in December 2014, Blue Lives Matter NYC is an organization and current nationwide movement that was created to help law enforcement officers and their families during their times of need. Sergeant Joey Imperatrice along with Officers Chris Brinkley and Carlos Delgado felt \"compelled to show support for their brothers and sisters in blue\" and handed out bracelets that stated Blue Lives Matter. They decided to create an organization which became the non-profit Blue Lives Matter NYC. This BLM organization's mission is to raise awareness and encourage public aid for the needs of police officers, to help police officers assist one another, and to provide a police officer's family with comfort and support as they go through hard times. This campaign is designed to raise both awareness and money for the families in need. In order to increase awareness nationwide, over three hundred billboards have been posted with the slogan \"Blue Lives Matter\". Many of these billboards are also accompanied by the hashtag #thankublu, a hashtag many individuals use to show their support for police officers.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","105_7","What is the police movement , and why is it important ?","Next, officers should draw their weapons and command the suspect to drop their gun and get on the ground. The dialogue that happens between an officer and the suspect is what some experts call the most important aspect of police work.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How does the police protest work ?","The police tactics used during the 2001 Quebec City protest serve as an example of the approaches used by North American riot police. During the protest, riot police fired tear gas canisters, water cannon, and rubber bullets, dispersing large groupings of protesters both violent and peaceful, including teach-ins and teams of medics providing first aid to other protesters. Other tactical interventions aimed at arresting various perceived movement leaders. Allegedly, \"plastic bullets were being used increasingly [by riot police], and from guns with laser sights so at night people could often see that the cops were intentionally aiming for heads or groins.\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the benefits of the police protest in regards to Black Lives Matter ?","In December 2014, BAMN helped to organize a week of anti-police and Black Lives Matter protest in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area. One of these protests shut down a part of Interstate 80 and led to the mass arrest of 210 people. Ronald Cruz, an attorney and organizer for BAMN, said that BAMN demanded that all of the charges against the protesters be dropped.  Another protest the same week resulted in violence and property damage.  Cruz claimed the police were the aggressors.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Tell me more about the Black Lives Matter movement of the police supporters .","Black Lives Matter (BLM) activists and supporters protested for days outside the police precinct protesting against information hiding, demanding for release of police dashcam and bodycam videos containing material evidence that can settle the truth of police accounts of the incident.",0,null,214,true,"105_7_MARCO_2115260","MARCO_2115260","105_7_CAR_591719144511e61d1d6a888ceb3e8b40ee791707","CAR_591719144511e61d1d6a888ceb3e8b40ee791707","105_7_CAR_552d543138ec34a518087cdd9a6273a3c2bfadb1","CAR_552d543138ec34a518087cdd9a6273a3c2bfadb1",null,"Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","CAR_dd7bef61c793c1618de95811bda6904a416f82e0","105_7_CAR_dd7bef61c793c1618de95811bda6904a416f82e0","Following the shooting of two police officers in Ferguson and in response to BLM, the hashtag [[Blue Lives Matter|#BlueLivesMatter]] was created by supporters of the police. Following this, Blue Lives Matter became a pro-police movement in the United States. It expanded after the killings of American police officers.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","105_8","Why were the police shot and killed in the police movement ?","Police records show a total of 1,346 policemens were killed in the line of duty while 10,698 communist members were killed, of which 5,972 were killed by the police force. The police, being the main law enforcement agency in the country were tasked during the Emergency period to combat and foil attempts by the communist party wanting to set up a communist state via the use of force and firearms.",0,null,"What happened to the police protest ?","Continually there was a slight skirmish between the protesters and the police, with the protesters taking fourteen of the police's plastic shields, but giving the shields back to them later. The police continued to dispel the protesters with pepper spray, while the protesters wore scarves, hats, goggles, and even plastic wrap to defend against the spray. The police once used a shipping container as roadblock, but removed that later. After about an hour of confrontation, confrontations between police and protesters diminished. The protesters cleaned up after themselves and took their refuse away with them. Later in the evening, the police commented on the day's protests, saying that the capture of police shields was nothing special and was expected. They also told reporters that they decided not to arrest any protesters because they believed any arrest would make the protesters angry and therefore cause the protesting to be more violent.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How were the police shot during the Black Lives Matter protest ?","At a Black Lives Matter rally in Portland, Oregon, on 7 July 2016, Strickland pulled a Glock 26 pistol and pointed it at protesters, including an undercover police officer. The pistol was equipped with what police said was \"an extremely large magazine\", and had a round in the chamber. Strickland was carrying five extra magazines for the pistol, all loaded. Strickland said he was surrounded by several protesters, described by him as anarchists, who pushed and shoved him and that he feared for his life.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why were the police supporters of the Black Lives Matter movement killed ?","On July 7, a BLM protest was held in Dallas, Texas that was organized to protest the deaths of Alton Sterling and Philando Castile. At the end of the peaceful protest, Micah Xavier Johnson opened fire in an ambush, killing five police officers and wounding seven others and two civilians. The gunman was then killed by a robot-delivered bomb. Before he died, according to police, Johnson said that \"he was upset about Black Lives Matter\", and that \"he wanted to kill white people, especially white officers.\" Texas Lt. Governor Dan Patrick and other conservative lawmakers blamed the shootings on the Black Lives Matter movement. The Black Lives Matter network released a statement denouncing the shootings. On July 8, more than 100 people were arrested at Black Lives Matter protests across the United States.",0,null,215,false,"105_8_CAR_9897a71b79b914380cbbdba839fb5f6cd51f7762","CAR_9897a71b79b914380cbbdba839fb5f6cd51f7762","105_8_CAR_a6568ea38378c55943d53ff3e5a9dd62afe97b69","CAR_a6568ea38378c55943d53ff3e5a9dd62afe97b69","105_8_CAR_ef0eeab069da75adcac56904e5aa69f7f385e602","CAR_ef0eeab069da75adcac56904e5aa69f7f385e602",null,"Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","CAR_8115b3371fea71c950f32d56ba864a7bfa6ed7f3","105_8_CAR_8115b3371fea71c950f32d56ba864a7bfa6ed7f3","Before Brinsley arrived in Brooklyn by bus, he shot and seriously wounded his 29-year-old ex-girlfriend, Shaneka Nicole Thompson, in the Baltimore suburb of Owings Mills, Maryland, on Saturday morning. The second shooting occurred at Myrtle Avenue and Tompkins Avenue, a busy intersection in Brooklyn near the Tompkins Houses. Brinsley approached the passenger window of an NYPD patrol car occupied by Rafael Ramos, 40, and Wenjian Liu, 32, of Brooklyn's 84th Precinct. He then fired a semiautomatic handgun four times through the open window, striking Ramos and Liu in the head and upper body, killing both officers instantly. Two Con Ed workers who witnessed the shooting notified police. After NYPD officers responding to the scene chased him onto the subway, he committed suicide with the handgun in the Myrtle–Willoughby Avenues () subway station, according to police. Brinsley and the two police officers were taken to Woodhull Hospital, and all were pronounced dead on arrival.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","105_8","Why were the police shot and killed in the police movement ?","Two protesters were shot and killed when police opened fire on a crowd in Mongu, Western Province.A previously unknown group the Barotse Freedom Movement (BFM) organised the protest to raise awareness about the need to restore the 1964 Barotse Agreement. Police immediately moved in as protesters gathered in the morning for the protest and dispersed the gathering saying it is illegal.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What happened to the police protest ?","Police began using tear gas and water cannons to disperse the protestors therefore they began breaching the barricades. A police car was overturned to rescue someone trapped under the car after it ran into the crowd, injuring two protesters. The policeman who was driving crashed the car purposely because he was trying to arrest protesters. Other protesters later protected the police officer from retaliation. Some protesters are beaten by over a dozen police which kicked and punched or surrounded the latter. There are protesters which are beaten by sticks and even beaten even though they are being carried to the detention center without retaliation. When near the press, the police stopped all their harassments.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How were the police shot during the Black Lives Matter protest ?","Between August 12 and 13, police officers at times fired tear gas and rubber bullets at lines of protesters and reporters. At least seven protesters were arrested on the evening of August 12 and 13 after police told protesters to \"'go home' or face arrest.\" CNN cameras filmed an officer addressing a group of protesters by saying \"Bring it, you fucking animals, bring it.\" On the night of August 12, a peaceful protester was shot in the head non-fatally by an unknown party.  The gunshot survivor, Mya Aaten-White, complained that police had failed to interview her in connection with the shooting.  Police had attempted to interview Aaten-White, but she refused to speak with them without an attorney present.  A month after the shooting, Aaten-White's attorney indicated that he had subsequently contacted police to set up an appointment for an interview, without response.  City officials refused to provide reporters with ballistics reports or other investigative records, citing state law regarding ongoing police investigations.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why were the police supporters of the Black Lives Matter movement killed ?","According to some reports, Gaines' death was initially protested by supporters of the Black Lives Matter movement. In the days following the incident, a protest was held in New York City, approximately 100 people attended, with the involvement of Black Youth Project 100 and a local group named \"NYC Shut It Down\" as part of a reoccurring protest event titled \"People’s Monday\". The Phoenix chapter of the African National Women’s Organization held a protest for Gaines and two others recently killed by police.",0,null,215,false,"105_8_CAR_1ec43590bb61a212150249fa98d7f5a68f9aa2c6","CAR_1ec43590bb61a212150249fa98d7f5a68f9aa2c6","105_8_CAR_4834e4cb7a33e3ee2a769a604421bd49358b6b20","CAR_4834e4cb7a33e3ee2a769a604421bd49358b6b20","105_8_CAR_d502a54bb167f380c97a1237d3fcddda687fedbb","CAR_d502a54bb167f380c97a1237d3fcddda687fedbb",null,"Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","CAR_aa098e73b54bf794624b20affcc1be984b29ae02","105_8_CAR_aa098e73b54bf794624b20affcc1be984b29ae02","In December 2014, Smith sent a letter to his deputies regarding the murder of two New York Police Department officers, Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos, of the 84th Precinct in Brooklyn, New York City:<blockquote>A small group of committed societal agitators works endlessly behind the scenes to sow seeds of distrust and hatred between communities and their police officers. Their ultimate goal is to break down the bonds that hold us together as Americans and to destroy the rule of law as we know it. Oftentimes, they do this under the mantra of promoting social justice....<br>Yesterday's murder of these two officers represents a symbol of their [agitators]' success. However, it is critical to this group that these events result in police officers, in turn, adopting an adversarial attitude towards the communities they serve. ...",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","105_8","Why were the police shot and killed in the police movement ?","Two police officers in West Memphis, Arkansas were shot and killed during a traffic stop on May 20, 2010. Police identified and killed two suspects, identified as Jerry Kane, Jr., and his son, Joseph Kane. The two were later identified as members of the sovereign citizen movement. Footage of the shooting and ensuing shootout with police was shown in a season 5 episode of World's Wildest Police Videos.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What happened to the police protest ?","Portland police declare protest a riot after violence, destruction ensues. Police showed up in riot gear once protests turned violent. As anti-Trump protests continued across the country for the second night in a row, police in Portland declared riots in the city as protests went from peaceful and lawful to violent and destructive. â€œDue to extensive criminal and dangerous behavior, protest is now considered a riot.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How were the police shot during the Black Lives Matter protest ?","Events of the day are confusing, some claiming that the protests were peaceful and that what occurred was a police riot, others suggesting that there was an all out riot in progress which the police had to put down. The police report that a policeman was killed by a gunshot as they approached the protesters, whilst protesters claim the death of the policeman occurred after the riot broke out. The eventual result was that the police opened fire on the crowd, killing three and then pursuing, beating several more people.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why were the police supporters of the Black Lives Matter movement killed ?","In November, a New York City Police Department officer shot and killed, Akai Gurley, a 28-year-old African-American man. Gurley's death was later protested by Black Lives Matter in New York City. In Oakland, California, fourteen Black Lives Matter activists were arrested after they stopped a Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) train for more than an hour on Black Friday, one of the biggest shopping days of the year. The protest, led by Black Lives Matter co-founder Alicia Garza, was organized in response to the grand jury decision not to indict Darren Wilson for the death of Mike Brown.",0,null,215,false,"105_8_CAR_3dfd8e41ade2e42eaa6913318de79d9c9ea4bb75","CAR_3dfd8e41ade2e42eaa6913318de79d9c9ea4bb75","105_8_MARCO_4274284","MARCO_4274284","105_8_CAR_afa7b5ccf0ab8d8d0db1f0d7d0ca5bc80489d6eb","CAR_afa7b5ccf0ab8d8d0db1f0d7d0ca5bc80489d6eb",null,"Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","CAR_9e7ff029d0f84fb9b38effc3c3736c3af3484de5","105_8_CAR_9e7ff029d0f84fb9b38effc3c3736c3af3484de5","In 2014, two highly publicized attacks were committed against the NYPD. In the first, on October 23, two NYPD officers were injured, one critically, in a hatchet attack, but both officers survived their injuries. In the second, in December, two NYPD officers, Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos, were shot to death in an ambush in Brooklyn. In both cases, the perpetrators later died – in the hatchet attack, the suspect was killed by police, while in the gunfire attack, the suspect killed himself after being confronted by police.",0,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","105_9","What are the main goals of Black Lives Matter ?","In response, Say Her Name was founded to focus specifically on the killing of black women by police and to bring their names into the Black Lives Matter protest. Their stated goal is to offer a more complete, but not competing, narrative with the overall Black Lives Matter movement.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why is Black Lives Matter important ?","Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and perceived racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.",3,"","Why is there the Black Lives Matter movement ?","The Movement for Black Lives is a coalition of groups across the United States representing the interests of black communities.  It was created in 2016 as a response to sustained and increasingly visible violence against black communities, with the purpose of creating a united front and establishing a political platform. The collective is made up of more than 50 organizations, with members such as the Black Lives Matter Network, the National Conference of Black Lawyers, and the Ella Baker Center for Human Rights.",0,"","What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement besides the police supporters being killed ?","Black Lives Matter incorporates those traditionally on the margins of black freedom movements. The organization's website, for instance, states that Black Lives Matter is \"a unique contribution that goes beyond extrajudicial killings of Black people by police and vigilantes\" and, embracing intersectionality, that \"Black Lives Matter affirms the lives of Black queer and trans folks, disabled folks, black-undocumented folks, folks with records, women and all Black lives along the gender spectrum.\" All three founders of the Black Lives Matter movement are women, and Garza and Cullors identify as queer. The founders believe that their backgrounds have paved the way for Black Lives Matter to be an intersectional movement. Several hashtags such as #BlackWomenMatter, #BlackGirlsMatter, #BlackQueerLivesMatter, and #BlackTransLivesMatter have surfaced on the BLM website and throughout social media networks. Marcia Chatelain, associate professor of history at Georgetown University, has praised BLM for allowing \"young, queer women [to] play a central role\" in the movement.",3,null,216,true,"105_9_CAR_857c4a27ecfb3f83b4f510f12dd2f3d1b9bcbd53","CAR_857c4a27ecfb3f83b4f510f12dd2f3d1b9bcbd53","105_9_CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","105_9_CAR_73174ddb924e596333be046be8ee6a0c957d3764","CAR_73174ddb924e596333be046be8ee6a0c957d3764",null,"What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","CAR_74f2b35e0be096f0fdfc83cb0dbc87fa79aa1894","105_9_CAR_74f2b35e0be096f0fdfc83cb0dbc87fa79aa1894","Black Lives Matter, it would seem, has evolved into a social movement with political aims, policy demands and a disparate set of individuals motivated to push those issues into the 2016 campaign.",3,null,0,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$nulls":6},0]
["What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","105_9","What are the main goals of Black Lives Matter ?","Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and perceived racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.",3,null,"Why is Black Lives Matter important ?","The phrase \"Black Lives Matter\" can refer to a Twitter hashtag, a slogan, a social movement, or a loose confederation of groups advocating for racial justice. As a movement, Black Lives Matter is decentralized, and leaders have emphasized the importance of local organizing over national leadership. Activist DeRay McKesson has commented that the movement \"encompasses all who publicly declare that Black lives matter and devote their time and energy accordingly.\"",0,"","Why is there the Black Lives Matter movement ?","Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and perceived racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.",3,"","What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement besides the police supporters being killed ?","Black Lives Matter, it would seem, has evolved into a social movement with political aims, policy demands and a disparate set of individuals motivated to push those issues into the 2016 campaign.",1,null,216,true,"105_9_CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","105_9_CAR_3fa03e67a2a77f2fdaba6e67f311156c63ceadb6","CAR_3fa03e67a2a77f2fdaba6e67f311156c63ceadb6","105_9_CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78",null,"What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","MARCO_4448910","105_9_MARCO_4448910","Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and perceived racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.",1,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]
["What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","105_9","What are the main goals of Black Lives Matter ?","In places like the Bay Area, Black Lives Matter is part of the Fight for 15, a campaign to hike the minimum wage to $15 per hour. New York activists launched a Black Lives Matter super PAC. A group in Washington focuses on housing and gentrification.",2,null,"Why is Black Lives Matter important ?","Black Lives Matter. Black lives matter,â€\u009d the rallying cry of the new movement against racist police violence, is brilliant in its simplicity. But more striking than the sloganâ€™s ability to express so much in so few words is how painful it is that its message needs to be asserted.",0,"","Why is there the Black Lives Matter movement ?","In response to the shooting of Trayvon Martin, the Black Lives Matter movement began in 2013, and rapidly expanded in response to subsequent shooting incidents, such as the shooting of Michael Brown. In response to that shooting, protests were held around the country in 2014, most notably in Ferguson, Missouri.",0,"","What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement besides the police supporters being killed ?","Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and perceived racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.",3,null,216,true,"105_9_MARCO_2098738","MARCO_2098738","105_9_MARCO_6399947","MARCO_6399947","105_9_CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9","CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9",null,"What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","105_9_CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","The Black Lives Matter movement calls for an end to police brutality and the killings of African-Americans in the U.S.  The #BlackLivesMatter hashtag was first started by Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi as a response to the trial and later acquittal of George Zimmerman who shot and killed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. The hashtag saw a revival in 2014, after the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, and after a grand jury did not indict police officer Daniel Pantaleo in the death of Eric Garner.",3,null,{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"},{"$error":"#N/A"}]

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["MANUAL TESTS ",{"$nulls":13},"Paraphrased"]
["R1,R2 and R3 are random Paraphrase Test sets.",null,"Overall Results",{"$nulls":9},"[R1+R2+R3]",{"$nulls":8},"[ORG]",{"$nulls":3},"[QREL]"]
["ORG is the original CAsT Turn Baseline.",null,"Manual",{"$nulls":6},"Statistics:",{"$nulls":3},"SCORED Passages:",{"$nulls":3},"NEW #N/A Passages:",{"$nulls":3},"ORG Passages:",{"$nulls":3},"Full QREL file:"]
["#N/A are passages not included in original QREL file.",null,null,"Before new QREL addition","R1","R2","R3","ORG",null,"# of Topics",null,25,null,"Total Passages:",1872,null,null,"QREL Additon:",{"$nulls":3},"Original QREL:"]
["New #N/A passages are scored according to CAsT guidelines.",null,null,"NDCG@3",{"v":0.4897,"d":"0.490"},{"v":0.4669,"d":"0.467"},{"v":0.4581,"d":"0.458"},{"v":0.6002,"d":"0.600"},null,"# of Turns:",null,216,null,"#N/A [no score]",328,{"v":0.1752136752136752,"d":"18%"},"new!","Total [Duplicate]",328,null,null,"Total",624,null,null,"Original QREL:"]
[{"$nulls":3},"Recall@1000",{"v":0.6199,"d":"0.620"},{"v":0.6309,"d":"0.631"},{"v":0.6226,"d":"0.623"},{"v":0.7304,"d":"0.730"},null,"# of Assesed Turns",null,208,null,"Total Scored:",1544,{"v":0.8247863247863247,"d":"82%"},null,"Total [unique] ",278,{"v":0.8475609756097561,"d":"85%"},null,"#N/A [no score]",12,{"v":0.019230769230769232,"d":"2%"},null,"Total",40451]
[{"$nulls":3},"Map",{"v":0.3108,"d":"0.311"},{"v":0.3014,"d":"0.301"},{"v":0.2988,"d":"0.299"},{"v":0.4083,"d":"0.408"},{"$nulls":5},"0 -not relevant",425,{"v":0.27525906735751293,"d":"28%"},null,"0 -not relevant",184,{"v":0.6618705035971223,"d":"66%"},null,"0 -not relevant",153,{"v":0.24519230769230768,"d":"25%"},4,"0 -not relevant",33781,{"v":0.8351091443969246,"d":"84%"}]
[{"$nulls":3},"After new QREL addition",{"$nulls":9},"1- Slightly meets",238,{"v":0.15414507772020725,"d":"15%"},null,"1- Slightly meets",45,{"v":0.1618705035971223,"d":"16%"},null,"1- Slightly meets",89,{"v":0.14262820512820512,"d":"14%"},0,"1- Slightly meets",2697,{"v":0.06667325900472176,"d":"7%"}]
[{"$nulls":3},"NDCG@3",{"v":0.5407,"d":"0.541"},{"v":0.4964,"d":"0.496"},{"v":0.5025,"d":"0.503"},{"v":0.5978,"d":"0.598"},{"$nulls":5},"2- Moderately meets",277,{"v":0.1794041450777202,"d":"18%"},null,"2- Moderately meets",32,{"v":0.11510791366906475,"d":"12%"},null,"2- Moderately meets",98,{"v":0.15705128205128205,"d":"16%"},4,"2- Moderately meets",1834,{"v":0.04533880497391906,"d":"5%"}]
[{"$nulls":3},"Recall@1000",{"v":0.6219,"d":"0.622"},{"v":0.6312,"d":"0.631"},{"v":0.6245,"d":"0.625"},{"v":0.7249,"d":"0.725"},{"$nulls":5},"3- highly meets",333,{"v":0.21567357512953367,"d":"22%"},null,"3- highly meets",26,{"v":0.09352517985611511,"d":"9%"},null,"3- highly meets",139,{"v":0.22275641025641027,"d":"22%"},4,"3- highly meets",1408,{"v":0.03480754493090406,"d":"3%"}]
[{"$nulls":3},"Map",{"v":0.3233,"d":"0.323"},{"v":0.3107,"d":"0.311"},{"v":0.3103,"d":"0.310"},{"v":0.4077,"d":"0.408"},{"$nulls":5},"4-Fully meets",271,{"v":0.17551813471502592,"d":"18%"},null,"4-Fully meets",31,{"v":0.11151079136690648,"d":"11%"},null,"4-Fully meets",133,{"v":0.21314102564102563,"d":"21%"},0,"4-Fully meets",731,{"v":0.018071246693530444,"d":"2%"}]
[]
[{"$nulls":13},"R1",{"$nulls":3},"R2",{"$nulls":3},"R3"]
[{"$nulls":13},"Total Passages:",628,null,null,"Total Passages:",628,null,null,"Total Passages:",628]
[{"$nulls":13},"#N/A [no score]",118,{"v":0.18789808917197454,"d":"19%"},null,"#N/A [no score]",110,{"v":0.1751592356687898,"d":"18%"},null,"#N/A [no score]",100,{"v":0.1592356687898089,"d":"16%"},null,"Average #N/A",{"v":0.1740976645435244,"d":"17%"}]
[{"$nulls":13},"Total Scored:",510,{"v":0.8121019108280255,"d":"81%"},"#N/A Scores","Total Scored:",518,{"v":0.8248407643312102,"d":"82%"},"#N/A Scores","Total Scored:",528,{"v":0.8407643312101911,"d":"84%"},"#N/A Scores","Average Scored",{"v":0.8259023354564756,"d":"83%"}]
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["How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","81_1","When can I tell my garage door opener is going bad?","If the unit still doesnâ€™t work the original wires are probably not the problem. 7) If all else fails most likely their is a defective part on your garage door opener. However you can not be 100% sure that one of the sensors is bad. The main logic board supplies the power to them so it is possible that the board and/or the sensors could be defective.",1,null,"When can you tell if your garage door opener is starting to break?","When the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position. Now, wipe any debris, moisture, or fingerprints off of the lenses located on both of the safety sensors.",2,null,"How do you know your garage door opener is in a bad state?","If the unit still doesnâ€™t work the original wires are probably not the problem. 7) If all else fails most likely their is a defective part on your garage door opener. However you can not be 100% sure that one of the sensors is bad. The main logic board supplies the power to them so it is possible that the board and/or the sensors could be defective.",1,null,"How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","If the unit still doesnâ€™t work the original wires are probably not the problem. 7) If all else fails most likely their is a defective part on your garage door opener. However you can not be 100% sure that one of the sensors is bad. The main logic board supplies the power to them so it is possible that the board and/or the sensors could be defective.",1,null,1,false,"81_1_MARCO_4516826","MARCO_4516826","81_1_MARCO_4913842","MARCO_4913842","81_1_MARCO_4516826","MARCO_4516826",null,"How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","MARCO_4516826","81_1_MARCO_4516826","If the unit still doesnâ€™t work the original wires are probably not the problem. 7) If all else fails most likely their is a defective part on your garage door opener. However you can not be 100% sure that one of the sensors is bad. The main logic board supplies the power to them so it is possible that the board and/or the sensors could be defective.",1]
["How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","81_1","When can I tell my garage door opener is going bad?","The IR sensors can go bad. Not a very common problem though. I'd check rough alignment first, then inspect the wiring (it's exposed wiring so many things can bump into them). A pair of sensors is pretty cheap, but if all of a sudden your garage door refuses to close all the way it could be what's going on.",2,null,"When can you tell if your garage door opener is starting to break?","One sensor sends a signal to the opposite sensor in the form of an invisible beam. When the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position.Now, wipe any debris, moisture, or fingerprints off of the lenses located on both of the safety sensors.hen the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position.",2,null,"How do you know your garage door opener is in a bad state?","Garage Door Openers. Getting out of your car to open the garage door in bad weather is more than just an annoyance -- it can be dangerous. Save yourself the hassle and risk by investing in a garage door opener -- or by updating your worn-out unit. Sears offers many quality openers at competitive prices.Open the door remotely from your car, or with the press of a wall-mounted button, and never find yourself ducking through the rain again. ...view more.ave yourself the hassle and risk by investing in a garage door opener -- or by updating your worn-out unit. Sears offers many quality openers at competitive prices. Open the door remotely from your car, or with the press of a wall-mounted button, and never find yourself ducking through the rain again. ...view more.",0,null,"How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","Garage Door Opener Problems. So, when the garage door opener decides to take a day off, it can leave you stuck outside, probably during a rain or snow storm. Though they may seem complicated, there really are several things most homeowners can do to diagnose and repair opener failures.nd, if you are careful not to damage the door or the seal on the bottom of the door, use a flat shovel or similar tool to chip away at the ice. Once you get the door open, clear any water, ice or snow from the spot on the garage floor where the door rests when closed.",0,null,1,false,"81_1_MARCO_4516817","MARCO_4516817","81_1_MARCO_3942604","MARCO_3942604","81_1_MARCO_7699205","MARCO_7699205",null,"How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","MARCO_5498474","81_1_MARCO_5498474","Garage Door Opener Problems. So, when the garage door opener decides to take a day off, it can leave you stuck outside, probably during a rain or snow storm. Though they may seem complicated, there really are several things most homeowners can do to diagnose and repair opener failures.nd, if you are careful not to damage the door or the seal on the bottom of the door, use a flat shovel or similar tool to chip away at the ice. Once you get the door open, clear any water, ice or snow from the spot on the garage floor where the door rests when closed.",0]
["How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","81_1","When can I tell my garage door opener is going bad?","When any object, such as a child or pet, runs through the light beam created by these sensors while the door is closing, the door immediately stops and reverses. If your garage door opener does not have a safety reversing feature, or if the one it does have no longer works, replacing the opener is highly recommended.",3,null,"When can you tell if your garage door opener is starting to break?","The average American garage door opens and shuts 1500 times a year, and it's bound to break. When it does - here's everything you'll need to know. The average American garage door opens and shuts 1500 times a year, and it's bound to break.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do you know your garage door opener is in a bad state?","The second most common reason is damage... If your door is physically damged due to wear and tear, high winds, vehicle contact or other damage you likely need to replace it. Not only can the door panels be damaged or stressed, so can the spring mechanisms, the track, and the garage door opener.",1,null,"How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","The second most common reason is damage... If your door is physically damged due to wear and tear, high winds, vehicle contact or other damage you likely need to replace it. Not only can the door panels be damaged or stressed, so can the spring mechanisms, the track, and the garage door opener.",1,null,1,false,"81_1_MARCO_4516825","MARCO_4516825","81_1_MARCO_1104231","MARCO_1104231","81_1_MARCO_5822853","MARCO_5822853",null,"How do you know when your garage door opener is going bad?","MARCO_5822853","81_1_MARCO_5822853","The second most common reason is damage... If your door is physically damged due to wear and tear, high winds, vehicle contact or other damage you likely need to replace it. Not only can the door panels be damaged or stressed, so can the spring mechanisms, the track, and the garage door opener.",1]
["Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","81_2","Why is my garage door opener always breaking?","One sensor sends a signal to the opposite sensor in the form of an invisible beam. When the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position.Now, wipe any debris, moisture, or fingerprints off of the lenses located on both of the safety sensors.hen the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position.",1,null,"What broke my garage door opener?","Check the Remote Control. The lightest and most easily damaged of garage door opener repair parts, the handheld remote control is often at the root of a malfunctioning garage door. Check to ensure the remote's battery is installed and properly seated.",3,null,"Why does the garage door opener break?","When the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position. Now, wipe any debris, moisture, or fingerprints off of the lenses located on both of the safety sensors.",2,null,"Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","With the garage door opener powered-up to the electrical outlet, test the center contact with a 120 volt electrical meter or test light, with one lead on the center contact of the socket and one to the metal chassis of the opener (serving as the ground).his genuine LiftMaster replacement light socket (4A1344) replaces the burnt-out socket in your current Chamberlain brand garage door opener. These sockets often stop working due to the heat emitted from the light bulbs that damage the copper contact.",0,null,2,true,"81_2_MARCO_3942604","MARCO_3942604","81_2_MARCO_6115074","MARCO_6115074","81_2_MARCO_4913842","MARCO_4913842",null,"Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","MARCO_8752378","81_2_MARCO_8752378","With the garage door opener powered-up to the electrical outlet, test the center contact with a 120 volt electrical meter or test light, with one lead on the center contact of the socket and one to the metal chassis of the opener (serving as the ground).his genuine LiftMaster replacement light socket (4A1344) replaces the burnt-out socket in your current Chamberlain brand garage door opener. These sockets often stop working due to the heat emitted from the light bulbs that damage the copper contact.",0]
["Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","81_2","Why is my garage door opener always breaking?","When the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position. Now, wipe any debris, moisture, or fingerprints off of the lenses located on both of the safety sensors.",2,null,"What broke my garage door opener?","When the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position. Now, wipe any debris, moisture, or fingerprints off of the lenses located on both of the safety sensors.",2,null,"Why does the garage door opener break?","One sensor sends a signal to the opposite sensor in the form of an invisible beam. When the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position.Now, wipe any debris, moisture, or fingerprints off of the lenses located on both of the safety sensors.hen the beam is broken, the garage door opener will not close the garage door. You can check several things to correct the problem. First, use the wall button to open the garage door to a fully opened position.",1,null,"Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","Check the Remote Control. The lightest and most easily damaged of garage door opener repair parts, the handheld remote control is often at the root of a malfunctioning garage door. Check to ensure the remote's battery is installed and properly seated.",3," ",2,true,"81_2_MARCO_4913842","MARCO_4913842","81_2_MARCO_4913842","MARCO_4913842","81_2_MARCO_3942604","MARCO_3942604",null,"Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","MARCO_6115074","81_2_MARCO_6115074","Check the Remote Control. The lightest and most easily damaged of garage door opener repair parts, the handheld remote control is often at the root of a malfunctioning garage door. Check to ensure the remote's battery is installed and properly seated.",3]
["Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","81_2","Why is my garage door opener always breaking?","If so, you might just have a broken torsion garage door spring. Torsion springs are located above the garage door and they are what lift the actual weight of the garage door. Most doors weigh between 150 to 250 pounds and without working springs, the garage door opener cannot lift the door. Attempting to use a garage door opener to lift a garage door with a broken spring can cause numerous parts on the opener to break. Whenever a spring breaks, the door will not go up.",2,null,"What broke my garage door opener?","If so, you might just have a broken torsion garage door spring. Torsion springs are located above the garage door and they are what lift the actual weight of the garage door. Most doors weigh between 150 to 250 pounds and without working springs, the garage door opener cannot lift the door. Attempting to use a garage door opener to lift a garage door with a broken spring can cause numerous parts on the opener to break. Whenever a spring breaks, the door will not go up.",2,null,"Why does the garage door opener break?","If so, you might just have a broken torsion garage door spring. Torsion springs are located above the garage door and they are what lift the actual weight of the garage door. Most doors weigh between 150 to 250 pounds and without working springs, the garage door opener cannot lift the door. Attempting to use a garage door opener to lift a garage door with a broken spring can cause numerous parts on the opener to break. Whenever a spring breaks, the door will not go up.",2,null,"Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","Replace the battery or batteries in the remote control. The batteries provide the power to send the signal; a lower voltage in the battery will reduce the garage door opener's range. Remove obstructions between the remote control and the door.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,2,true,"81_2_MARCO_6024410","MARCO_6024410","81_2_MARCO_6024410","MARCO_6024410","81_2_MARCO_6024410","MARCO_6024410",null,"Now my garage door opener stopped working. Why?","MARCO_4688662","81_2_MARCO_4688662","Replace the battery or batteries in the remote control. The batteries provide the power to send the signal; a lower voltage in the battery will reduce the garage door opener's range. Remove obstructions between the remote control and the door.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3]
["How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","81_3","How much does fixing a garage door opener cost?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project. The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",3,null,"How much does it cost for someone to fix your garage door opener?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project. The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",3,null,"What's the cost of fixing a garage door opener?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project. The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",3,null,"How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project. The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",3,null,3,false,"81_3_MARCO_368559","MARCO_368559","81_3_MARCO_368559","MARCO_368559","81_3_MARCO_368559","MARCO_368559",null,"How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","MARCO_368559","81_3_MARCO_368559","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project. The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",3]
["How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","81_3","How much does fixing a garage door opener cost?","A typical service call will include a manual inspection of the door and opener. Then adjustments can be made including spring tension, chain/belt tension, limits and force adjustments and door lubrication. Fees for this service vary from place to place, but garage door repairs typically cost between $148 and $321.",3,null,"How much does it cost for someone to fix your garage door opener?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project.The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350.If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.he minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",4,null,"What's the cost of fixing a garage door opener?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project.The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350.If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.he minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",4,null,"How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","A typical service call will include a manual inspection of the door and opener. Then adjustments can be made including spring tension, chain/belt tension, limits and force adjustments and door lubrication. Fees for this service vary from place to place, but garage door repairs typically cost between $148 and $319.",4,null,3,false,"81_3_MARCO_7070417","MARCO_7070417","81_3_MARCO_1767683","MARCO_1767683","81_3_MARCO_1767683","MARCO_1767683",null,"How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","MARCO_5715982","81_3_MARCO_5715982","A typical service call will include a manual inspection of the door and opener. Then adjustments can be made including spring tension, chain/belt tension, limits and force adjustments and door lubrication. Fees for this service vary from place to place, but garage door repairs typically cost between $148 and $319.",4]
["How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","81_3","How much does fixing a garage door opener cost?","A typical service call will include a manual inspection of the door and opener. Then adjustments can be made including spring tension, chain/belt tension, limits and force adjustments and door lubrication. Fees for this service vary from place to place, but garage door repairs typically cost between $148 and $319.",4,null,"How much does it cost for someone to fix your garage door opener?","Garage door opener repair can cost between $100 and $300 depending on the extent of the problem. Return to Top. The type of garage door you select -- and any extra pieces or labor required -- will influence how much you pay to have it professionally installed.",2,null,"What's the cost of fixing a garage door opener?","A typical service call will include a manual inspection of the door and opener. Then adjustments can be made including spring tension, chain/belt tension, limits and force adjustments and door lubrication. Fees for this service vary from place to place, but garage door repairs typically cost between $148 and $319.",4,null,"How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project.The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350.If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.he minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",4,null,3,false,"81_3_MARCO_5715982","MARCO_5715982","81_3_MARCO_3052629","MARCO_3052629","81_3_MARCO_5715982","MARCO_5715982",null,"How much does it cost for someone to repair a garage door opener?","MARCO_1767683","81_3_MARCO_1767683","On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project.The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350.If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.he minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.",4]
["How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","81_4","What is the price of a new garage door opener?","To install a single new garage door opener will cost between  $200 and $425. The higher pricing is associated with a professional installation, but for the purpose of this discussion we will actually look at the costs and requirements for installing a new garage door opener on a DIY basis.",3,null,"What is the average price for a replacement garage door opener?","A garage door installer charges $421 to replace a garage door opener or you can do the job yourself for $210 and save 50 percent.",3,null,"When should you buy a new garage door opener instead of repairing the old one?","When any object, such as a child or pet, runs through the light beam created by these sensors while the door is closing, the door immediately stops and reverses. If your garage door opener does not have a safety reversing feature, or if the one it does have no longer works, replacing the opener is highly recommended.",0,null,"How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","A garage door installer charges $421 to replace a garage door opener or you can do the job yourself for $210 and save 50 percent.",3,null,4,true,"81_4_MARCO_1293770","MARCO_1293770","81_4_MARCO_1381079","MARCO_1381079","81_4_MARCO_4516825","MARCO_4516825",null,"How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","MARCO_1381079","81_4_MARCO_1381079","A garage door installer charges $421 to replace a garage door opener or you can do the job yourself for $210 and save 50 percent.",3]
["How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","81_4","What is the price of a new garage door opener?",", Garage Door Technician, Specialist. According to garagedooropenershq.com, it will cost between $200 and $425 to install a single new garage door opener. The higher pricing is associated with a professional installation, but for the purpose of this discussion we will actually look at the costs and requirements for installing a new garage door opener on a DIY basis.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What is the average price for a replacement garage door opener?","The cost of a garage door opener will depend on the horsepower, the brand and if you choose a professional to install it. A chain-driven opener can cost $150 to $350, while a belt-driven opener can cost $200 to $300. A screw-driven opener can cost $180 to $300. The popular Liftmaster garage door opener, for example, can cost $165 to $220. Genie, another popular brand, can cost $115 to $250, depending on the horsepower and features. The average cost to install a new garage door opener can cost anywhere from $200 to $550. Adding in the opener costs mentioned above, your total could be anywhere from $350 for a simple replace to $1,100+ for both the opener and installation job.",4,null,"When should you buy a new garage door opener instead of repairing the old one?","Repair Your Garage Door. You can usually repair your garage door when.... It simply stops working - the more suddenly it stopped working, typically, the easier it is to repair. An expert can usually spot the problem quickly and have the door working again in no time. The door feels 'heavy'...",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","A garage door installer charges $378 to replace a garage door opener or you can do the job yourself for $210 and save 44 percent. Adjust the home improvement and repair cost with your ZIP Code.",3,null,4,true,"81_4_MARCO_5107801","MARCO_5107801","81_4_MARCO_8052397","MARCO_8052397","81_4_MARCO_5822849","MARCO_5822849",null,"How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","MARCO_1293772","81_4_MARCO_1293772","A garage door installer charges $378 to replace a garage door opener or you can do the job yourself for $210 and save 44 percent. Adjust the home improvement and repair cost with your ZIP Code.",3]
["How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","81_4","What is the price of a new garage door opener?","According to DIYOrNot.com, it will cost between $200 and $425 to install a single new garage door opener.",3,null,"What is the average price for a replacement garage door opener?","There are three different types of garage door openers: chain-drive, belt-drive and screw-drive openers. Chain-drive openers are generally a good value for the price, but they are quite noisy. Prices for chain-drive openers average between $150 and $200, not including installation (which can average between $150 and $300).",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"When should you buy a new garage door opener instead of repairing the old one?","When it comes time to buy a new garage door opener, you might be surprised at the number of options you face. Here are some guidelines on how to make the best choice for your garage. Type of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw.1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.ype of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw. 1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","A garage door installation service charges $421 to replace an electric garage door opener in a typical two-car garage, which includes the labor and material. If you're a handy homeowner, you can replace an old unit with a new one for $210, the garage door opener installation cost, and save 50 percent.",3,null,4,true,"81_4_MARCO_97770","MARCO_97770","81_4_MARCO_5107804","MARCO_5107804","81_4_MARCO_4532454","MARCO_4532454",null,"How much does it cost to replace a garage door opener?","MARCO_4438566","81_4_MARCO_4438566","A garage door installation service charges $421 to replace an electric garage door opener in a typical two-car garage, which includes the labor and material. If you're a handy homeowner, you can replace an old unit with a new one for $210, the garage door opener installation cost, and save 50 percent.",3]
["How do I choose a new garage door opener?","81_5","What should I look for when selecting a new garage door opener?","How to Choose a Garage Door Opener. With so many different types of garage door openers on the market, you may not be sure where to start. The main consideration for a garage door opener is the drive type, which refers to the actual chain, belt, or other mechanism that moves and lifts the door. In some circumstances, the horsepower output of the motor should be considered as well, but typically in commercial or industrial settings.",3,null,"On what basis should I choose a replacement garage door opener?","How to Choose a Garage Door Opener. With so many different types of garage door openers on the market, you may not be sure where to start. The main consideration for a garage door opener is the drive type, which refers to the actual chain, belt, or other mechanism that moves and lifts the door. In some circumstances, the horsepower output of the motor should be considered as well, but typically in commercial or industrial settings.",3,null,"What type of garage door opener should I get?","How to Choose a Garage Door Opener. With so many different types of garage door openers on the market, you may not be sure where to start. The main consideration for a garage door opener is the drive type, which refers to the actual chain, belt, or other mechanism that moves and lifts the door. In some circumstances, the horsepower output of the motor should be considered as well, but typically in commercial or industrial settings.",3,null,"How do I choose a new garage door opener?","How to Choose a Garage Door Opener. With so many different types of garage door openers on the market, you may not be sure where to start. The main consideration for a garage door opener is the drive type, which refers to the actual chain, belt, or other mechanism that moves and lifts the door. In some circumstances, the horsepower output of the motor should be considered as well, but typically in commercial or industrial settings.",3,null,5,false,"81_5_MARCO_7713538","MARCO_7713538","81_5_MARCO_7713538","MARCO_7713538","81_5_MARCO_7713538","MARCO_7713538",null,"How do I choose a new garage door opener?","MARCO_7713538","81_5_MARCO_7713538","How to Choose a Garage Door Opener. With so many different types of garage door openers on the market, you may not be sure where to start. The main consideration for a garage door opener is the drive type, which refers to the actual chain, belt, or other mechanism that moves and lifts the door. In some circumstances, the horsepower output of the motor should be considered as well, but typically in commercial or industrial settings.",3]
["How do I choose a new garage door opener?","81_5","What should I look for when selecting a new garage door opener?","Look for horsepower (HP) ratings to compare the lifting power between garage door opener models. Ratings ranging from 1/2-horsepower to 1-1/2 horsepower are typical for residential models. If you have a sectional double-car garage door, a 1/2-horsepower motor should be sufficient, but a higher-power model will operate with less effort and less wear and tear on the motor.",2,null,"On what basis should I choose a replacement garage door opener?","When it comes time to buy a new garage door opener, you might be surprised at the number of options you face. Here are some guidelines on how to make the best choice for your garage. Type of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw.1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.ype of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw. 1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.",2,null,"What type of garage door opener should I get?","It really depends on how heavy your door is.The 1/3 horsepower garage door opener is pretty much for people who want to save money. Only the lightest garage door should be used with those. The 1/3 hp have a smaller work-load rating and do not have as good a warranty as the others have. For most garage doors, a 1/2 horsepower garage door opener is just fine, but if you have a really really heavy door you may need a 3/4 horsepower garage door opener. The 3/4 hp garage door opener is designed for the heavier custom wood garage doors that go over 500lbs in weight.",2,null,"How do I choose a new garage door opener?","When it comes time to buy a new garage door opener, you might be surprised at the number of options you face. Here are some guidelines on how to make the best choice for your garage. Type of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw.1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.ype of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw. 1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.",2,null,5,false,"81_5_MARCO_6568087","MARCO_6568087","81_5_MARCO_4532454","MARCO_4532454","81_5_MARCO_6568085","MARCO_6568085",null,"How do I choose a new garage door opener?","MARCO_4532454","81_5_MARCO_4532454","When it comes time to buy a new garage door opener, you might be surprised at the number of options you face. Here are some guidelines on how to make the best choice for your garage. Type of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw.1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.ype of Drive. Garage door openers come with three different types of drive: chain, belt and screw. 1  Chain-drive openers are the oldest style, and they continue to be very popular and a good value.",2]
["How do I choose a new garage door opener?","81_5","What should I look for when selecting a new garage door opener?","Opener Types. Make sure that you get the right kind of opener for your type of garage door. Most openers have a weight limit and installing a opener that doesn't support your weight could cause it to break. By selecting the right type of opener, you can avoid having to buy a new opener before the 10,000 cycles.",2,null,"On what basis should I choose a replacement garage door opener?","The garage door motor is located on the ceiling. Extra garage door opener remotes come in handy; however, choosing the right opener can be confusing. Each manufacturer makes its own replacement remotes, and universal remotes are also available. You must determine the features you need and the size of the remote.",1,null,"What type of garage door opener should I get?","Types of Openers. Chain driven garage door openers are great option if price is the most important factor. These openers use chain to get the garage door open. They tend to be loud and so not the best choice for garages that also contain a work space or a living space above. But they are the cheapest so if price is the issue, choose this type of opener.",2,null,"How do I choose a new garage door opener?","Trending Now. Answers. Best Answer: Call (800) 35-GENIE they can help you select the proper opener. Please remember that the easier it is for you to operate your garage door manually, the easier it will be for the new garage door opener to open the door, resulting in a longer lifespan for the new system.",1,null,5,false,"81_5_MARCO_6555545","MARCO_6555545","81_5_MARCO_7095690","MARCO_7095690","81_5_MARCO_1778528","MARCO_1778528",null,"How do I choose a new garage door opener?","MARCO_6568086","81_5_MARCO_6568086","Trending Now. Answers. Best Answer: Call (800) 35-GENIE they can help you select the proper opener. Please remember that the easier it is for you to operate your garage door manually, the easier it will be for the new garage door opener to open the door, resulting in a longer lifespan for the new system.",1]
["What does a smart garage door opener do?","81_6","What is a smart garage door opener?","Smart Homes start with a Smart Garage. Now is the time to upgrade your garage door opener with smartphone controls. Update what you have Get a new opener. Available Now! Universal Mini Garage Door Remote â€“ For On the Go! Buy Now. Get Connected Today! Try The Garage Door Opener Selector Tool. Learn More.",1,null,"What are the benefits of a smart garage door opener?","Make the Smart Investment on a New Garage Door & Opener. Think about it â€“ the garage is often one of the most prominent exterior features on most homes, and, a beautiful garage door not only enhances your homeâ€™s curb appeal, itâ€™s also a home improvement update that delivers one of the highest returns on investment.",0,null,"What are the functionalities of a smart garage door opener?","Get better versatility with the 3-Function Garage Door Opener. The Craftsman Visor Remote Control Garage Door Opener lets you control three different garage doors from the comfort of your car. The metallic hook slides onto the visor, and the slim, dark profile makes it easy to access when you need it, but easy to ignore when you don't.",0,null,"What does a smart garage door opener do?","A garage door opener is a motorized device that opens and closes garage doors. Most are controlled by switches on the garage wall, as well as by remote controls carried by the owner.",0,null,6,true,"81_6_MARCO_5446008","MARCO_5446008","81_6_MARCO_1720869","MARCO_1720869","81_6_MARCO_6542463","MARCO_6542463",null,"What does a smart garage door opener do?","CAR_4a47011356515d1f05a97d2c045c085da86a55e5","81_6_CAR_4a47011356515d1f05a97d2c045c085da86a55e5","A garage door opener is a motorized device that opens and closes garage doors. Most are controlled by switches on the garage wall, as well as by remote controls carried by the owner.",0]
["What does a smart garage door opener do?","81_6","What is a smart garage door opener?","Garageio is a smart home garage door controller created by Alottazs Labs, LLC headquartered in Columbus, Ohio. Alottazs Labs, LLC is a privately held company founded in October 2012. Garageio is an Internet of Things product providing managed garage and gate access via a smartphone and other web-enabled devices.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are the benefits of a smart garage door opener?","Our line of Wi-Fi garage door openers allow for seamless control of your garage through your smartphone without the need for add ons. From industry-leading, quiet operation, to state of the art technology, our most advanced openers perform beyond the highest expectation.",1,null,"What are the functionalities of a smart garage door opener?","Smart Homes start with a Smart Garage. Now is the time to upgrade your garage door opener with smartphone controls. Update what you have Get a new opener. Available Now! Universal Mini Garage Door Remote â€“ For On the Go! Buy Now. Get Connected Today! Try The Garage Door Opener Selector Tool. Learn More.",1,null,"What does a smart garage door opener do?","Smart Homes start with a Smart Garage. Now is the time to upgrade your garage door opener with smartphone controls. Update what you have Get a new opener. Available Now! Universal Mini Garage Door Remote â€“ For On the Go! Buy Now. Get Connected Today! Try The Garage Door Opener Selector Tool. Learn More.",1,null,6,true,"81_6_CAR_f7bab29fa804ff49016d82268432194492f0581f","CAR_f7bab29fa804ff49016d82268432194492f0581f","81_6_MARCO_5089866","MARCO_5089866","81_6_MARCO_5446008","MARCO_5446008",null,"What does a smart garage door opener do?","MARCO_5446008","81_6_MARCO_5446008","Smart Homes start with a Smart Garage. Now is the time to upgrade your garage door opener with smartphone controls. Update what you have Get a new opener. Available Now! Universal Mini Garage Door Remote â€“ For On the Go! Buy Now. Get Connected Today! Try The Garage Door Opener Selector Tool. Learn More.",1]
["What does a smart garage door opener do?","81_6","What is a smart garage door opener?","A garage door opener is a motorized device that opens and closes garage doors. Most are controlled by switches on the garage wall, as well as by remote controls carried by the owner.",0,null,"What are the benefits of a smart garage door opener?","Receive alerts when the garage door opens and closes. With Chamberlain's MyQ Garage, your Smartphone, Wi-Fi and any compatible garage door opener, you are committed in control. The Chamberlain MyQ Smartphone app is free with no monthly fees. 1  Know that your garage door is open and close it from anywhere.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are the functionalities of a smart garage door opener?","More sophisticated features are also available, such as an integrated carbon monoxide sensor to open the door in case of the garage being flooded with exhaust fumes. Other systems allow door activation over the Internet to allow home owners to open their garage door from their office for deliveries.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What does a smart garage door opener do?","A garage door opener is a motorized device that opens and closes a garage door. Most are controlled by switches on the garage wall, as well as by a remote control carried in the garage owner's vehicle. In 1926, the electric garage door opener was invented by C.G. Johnson, the inventor of the garage door and founder of the Overhead Door Corporation.",0,null,6,true,"81_6_CAR_4a47011356515d1f05a97d2c045c085da86a55e5","CAR_4a47011356515d1f05a97d2c045c085da86a55e5","81_6_MARCO_7517889","MARCO_7517889","81_6_CAR_eb49e319fcead64d226ffee5b1528b7850e78087","CAR_eb49e319fcead64d226ffee5b1528b7850e78087",null,"What does a smart garage door opener do?","CAR_82e2512becbd3c7fe7614857c4d01841330b2a14","81_6_CAR_82e2512becbd3c7fe7614857c4d01841330b2a14","A garage door opener is a motorized device that opens and closes a garage door. Most are controlled by switches on the garage wall, as well as by a remote control carried in the garage owner's vehicle. In 1926, the electric garage door opener was invented by C.G. Johnson, the inventor of the garage door and founder of the Overhead Door Corporation.",0]
["What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","81_7","What do you think about the smart garage door opener security?","Make the Smart Investment on a New Garage Door & Opener. Think about it â€“ the garage is often one of the most prominent exterior features on most homes, and, a beautiful garage door not only enhances your homeâ€™s curb appeal, itâ€™s also a home improvement update that delivers one of the highest returns on investment.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the safety of a smart garage door opener?","Safety Information. A garage door is one of the largest moving objects in your home, and is typically used every day, giving you good reason to keep it in proper working order. Overhead Door is dedicated to providing safe and reliable products that last for many years. We would like to offer the following practical tips for keeping your garage doors and openers in safe, proper working order.",0,null,"What are some safety tips for using smart garage door opener?","Safety Information. A garage door is one of the largest moving objects in your home, and is typically used every day, giving you good reason to keep it in proper working order. Overhead Door is dedicated to providing safe and reliable products that last for many years. We would like to offer the following practical tips for keeping your garage doors and openers in safe, proper working order.",0,null,"What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","The garage door is generally the largest moving object in a home. An improperly adjusted garage door opener can exert strong and deadly forces and might not reverse the garage door in an emergency. The garage door counterbalance springs should be properly adjusted in order for the safety reverse system to function properly. Thus, proper installation and maintenance are extremely important in order for the garage door and garage door opener to operate smoothly and safely.",0,null,7,false,"81_7_MARCO_1720869","MARCO_1720869","81_7_MARCO_7246606","MARCO_7246606","81_7_MARCO_7246606","MARCO_7246606",null,"What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","CAR_353cc3cd905dd74409d47f331979acca2cd72545","81_7_CAR_353cc3cd905dd74409d47f331979acca2cd72545","The garage door is generally the largest moving object in a home. An improperly adjusted garage door opener can exert strong and deadly forces and might not reverse the garage door in an emergency. The garage door counterbalance springs should be properly adjusted in order for the safety reverse system to function properly. Thus, proper installation and maintenance are extremely important in order for the garage door and garage door opener to operate smoothly and safely.",0]
["What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","81_7","What do you think about the smart garage door opener security?","Secure your garage by changing the door code from time to time. If you think someone knows the code to open your garage door or your remote has been stolen, it is time to change the code on your garage door opener.. Press the learn button on the motor once more, so the light on the motor lights up again. Press a button on your remote. The motor unitâ€™s light blinks to indicate the remote has been programmed with the new code.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What is the safety of a smart garage door opener?","All garage door openers manufactured since 1993 require some form of safety device to protect people, pets and objects from injury or damage if they are in the doorâ€™s path. The beam must be located at least 5 inches, but not more than 6 inches, from the floor.",0,null,"What are some safety tips for using smart garage door opener?","The wall console/push button should be mounted at least five feet from the floor and the remote controls should be kept out of the hands of children. Children should never be allowed to play with or use the garage door opener remotes or wall pushbuttons. Homeowners should also keep a moving door in sight until it fully opens or closes.",0,null,"What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","Safety Information. A garage door is one of the largest moving objects in your home, and is typically used every day, giving you good reason to keep it in proper working order. Overhead Door is dedicated to providing safe and reliable products that last for many years. We would like to offer the following practical tips for keeping your garage doors and openers in safe, proper working order.",0,null,7,false,"81_7_MARCO_3517574","MARCO_3517574","81_7_MARCO_7948851","MARCO_7948851","81_7_CAR_00c61bb0ee9392a3a2dd90e9b749a6732e3f7c89","CAR_00c61bb0ee9392a3a2dd90e9b749a6732e3f7c89",null,"What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","MARCO_7246606","81_7_MARCO_7246606","Safety Information. A garage door is one of the largest moving objects in your home, and is typically used every day, giving you good reason to keep it in proper working order. Overhead Door is dedicated to providing safe and reliable products that last for many years. We would like to offer the following practical tips for keeping your garage doors and openers in safe, proper working order.",0]
["What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","81_7","What do you think about the smart garage door opener security?","The third stage of garage door opener market uses a frequency spectrum range between 300-400 MHz and most of the transmitter/receivers rely on hopping or rolling code technology. This approach prevents criminals from recording a code and replaying it to open a garage door. Since the signal is supposed to be significantly different from that of any other garage door remote control, manufacturers claim it is impossible for someone other than the owner of the remote to open the garage. When the transmitter sends a code, it generates a new code using an encoder. The receiver, after receiving a correct code, uses the same encoder with the same original seed to generate a new code that it will accept in the future. Because there is a high probability that someone might accidentally push the open button while not in range and desynchronize the code, the receiver generates look-a-head codes ahead of time. Rolling code is the same method of security used on the clickers of cars, and with some internet protocols for secure sites.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the safety of a smart garage door opener?","Safety Features to keep in mind when buying a new garage door: 1  Tamper Resistant (Safety Feature) - Brackets at the bottom reduce your risk of injury form other door components. 2  Pinch Resistant (Safety Feature) - If fingers are too close to the door, pinch resistance will push them out of the way.",0,null,"What are some safety tips for using smart garage door opener?","1 Lock Mode on your wall button. 2  The button that is INSIDE your garage may have a safety feature called a LOCK button. 3  This button is used to place the motor on â€œvacationâ€\u009d mode. 4  If this button is accidentally hit it will allow your door to be used ONE time with the remotes and the keypad.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","All garage door openers manufactured since 1993 require some form of safety device to protect people, pets and objects from injury or damage if they are in the doorâ€™s path. The beam must be located at least 5 inches, but not more than 6 inches, from the floor.",0,null,7,false,"81_7_CAR_4bcfc03a15cd87582510aff3a259798e4bfcd8d3","CAR_4bcfc03a15cd87582510aff3a259798e4bfcd8d3","81_7_MARCO_1248461","MARCO_1248461","81_7_MARCO_3234090","MARCO_3234090",null,"What's important for me to know about the safety of smart garage door openers?","MARCO_7948851","81_7_MARCO_7948851","All garage door openers manufactured since 1993 require some form of safety device to protect people, pets and objects from injury or damage if they are in the doorâ€™s path. The beam must be located at least 5 inches, but not more than 6 inches, from the floor.",0]
["How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","81_8","How can a smart garage door opener be hacked?","Many garage door opener remote controls use fixed-code encoding which use DIP switches or soldering to do the address pins coding process, and they usually use pt2262/pt2272 or compatible ICs. For these fixed-code garage door opener remotes, one can easily clone the existing remote using a self-learning remote control duplicator (copy remote) which can make a copy of the remote using face-to-face copying.",0,null,"How do hackers get through smart garage door opener security?","The third stage of garage door opener market uses a frequency spectrum range between 300-400 MHz and most of the transmitter/receivers rely on hopping or rolling code technology. This approach prevents criminals from recording a code and replaying it to open a garage door. Since the signal is supposed to be significantly different from that of any other garage door remote control, manufacturers claim it is impossible for someone other than the owner of the remote to open the garage. When the transmitter sends a code, it generates a new code using an encoder. The receiver, after receiving a correct code, uses the same encoder with the same original seed to generate a new code that it will accept in the future. Because there is a high probability that someone might accidentally push the open button while not in range and desynchronize the code, the receiver generates look-a-head codes ahead of time. Rolling code is the same method of security used on the clickers of cars, and with some internet protocols for secure sites.",0,null,"How can you break through a smart garage door opener security?","The third stage of garage door opener market uses a frequency spectrum range between 300-400 MHz and most of the transmitter/receivers rely on hopping or rolling code technology. This approach prevents criminals from recording a code and replaying it to open a garage door. Since the signal is supposed to be significantly different from that of any other garage door remote control, manufacturers claim it is impossible for someone other than the owner of the remote to open the garage. When the transmitter sends a code, it generates a new code using an encoder. The receiver, after receiving a correct code, uses the same encoder with the same original seed to generate a new code that it will accept in the future. Because there is a high probability that someone might accidentally push the open button while not in range and desynchronize the code, the receiver generates look-a-head codes ahead of time. Rolling code is the same method of security used on the clickers of cars, and with some internet protocols for secure sites.",0,null,"How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","Liftmaster MyQ technology thatâ€™s found in the latest Chamberlain and Liftmaster garage door opener models makes it possible. All you need is a MyQ equipped opener with 2 communication radios instead of 1, a connected Internet gateway device and a garage door opener app.",1,null,8,true,"81_8_CAR_539da063637196db5e8a5235eafd405563648029","CAR_539da063637196db5e8a5235eafd405563648029","81_8_CAR_4bcfc03a15cd87582510aff3a259798e4bfcd8d3","CAR_4bcfc03a15cd87582510aff3a259798e4bfcd8d3","81_8_CAR_4bcfc03a15cd87582510aff3a259798e4bfcd8d3","CAR_4bcfc03a15cd87582510aff3a259798e4bfcd8d3",null,"How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","MARCO_7517890","81_8_MARCO_7517890","Liftmaster MyQ technology thatâ€™s found in the latest Chamberlain and Liftmaster garage door opener models makes it possible. All you need is a MyQ equipped opener with 2 communication radios instead of 1, a connected Internet gateway device and a garage door opener app.",1]
["How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","81_8","How can a smart garage door opener be hacked?","Liftmaster MyQ technology thatâ€™s found in the latest Chamberlain and Liftmaster garage door opener models makes it possible. All you need is a MyQ equipped opener with 2 communication radios instead of 1, a connected Internet gateway device and a garage door opener app.",1,null,"How do hackers get through smart garage door opener security?","The second stage of the wireless garage door opener system dealt with the shared frequency problem. To rectify this, multicode systems were developed.  These systems required a garage door owner to preset a digital code by switching eight to twelve DIP switches on the receiver and transmitter. While these switches provided garage door systems with 2 = 256 to 2 = 4,096 different codes, they were not designed with high security in mind; the main intent was to avoid interference with similar systems nearby.  Criminals were able to defeat the basic security of this system by trying different codes on a regular transmitter.  They could also make code grabbers to record and re-transmit a signal, or code scanners, that would attempt every possible combination in a short time.  Multicode openers became unpopular in areas where security was an issue, but due to their ease of programming, such openers are often used to operate such things as the gates in gated apartment complexes.",0,null,"How can you break through a smart garage door opener security?","The second stage of the wireless garage door opener system dealt with the shared frequency problem. To rectify this, multicode systems were developed.  These systems required a garage door owner to preset a digital code by switching eight to twelve DIP switches on the receiver and transmitter. While these switches provided garage door systems with 2 = 256 to 2 = 4,096 different codes, they were not designed with high security in mind; the main intent was to avoid interference with similar systems nearby.  Criminals were able to defeat the basic security of this system by trying different codes on a regular transmitter.  They could also make code grabbers to record and re-transmit a signal, or code scanners, that would attempt every possible combination in a short time.  Multicode openers became unpopular in areas where security was an issue, but due to their ease of programming, such openers are often used to operate such things as the gates in gated apartment complexes.",0,null,"How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","Many garage door opener remote controls use fixed-code encoding which use DIP switches or soldering to do the address pins coding process, and they usually use pt2262/pt2272 or compatible ICs. For these fixed-code garage door opener remotes, one can easily clone the existing remote using a self-learning remote control duplicator (copy remote) which can make a copy of the remote using face-to-face copying.",0,null,8,true,"81_8_MARCO_7517890","MARCO_7517890","81_8_CAR_f3e5086fb72bb6237d74c732e47c6d81e8b722ad","CAR_f3e5086fb72bb6237d74c732e47c6d81e8b722ad","81_8_CAR_f3e5086fb72bb6237d74c732e47c6d81e8b722ad","CAR_f3e5086fb72bb6237d74c732e47c6d81e8b722ad",null,"How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","CAR_539da063637196db5e8a5235eafd405563648029","81_8_CAR_539da063637196db5e8a5235eafd405563648029","Many garage door opener remote controls use fixed-code encoding which use DIP switches or soldering to do the address pins coding process, and they usually use pt2262/pt2272 or compatible ICs. For these fixed-code garage door opener remotes, one can easily clone the existing remote using a self-learning remote control duplicator (copy remote) which can make a copy of the remote using face-to-face copying.",0]
["How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","81_8","How can a smart garage door opener be hacked?","1 Press and release the â€œsmartâ€\u009d button on garage door opener motor unit. 2  The smart indicator light will glow steadily for 30 seconds. 3  Within 30 seconds, enter a four digit personal identification number (PIN) of your choice on the keypad.",0,null,"How do hackers get through smart garage door opener security?","Chamberlain markets a \"Security+\" line of GDOs which includes rolling code software that actively alters the transmitted signal by cycling through a series of strings (of which only some are able to open the door).  This rolling code is designed to protect against a potential \"code grabbing\" attack where a nearby burglar may try to record the garage door opening signal.  Chamberlain claims that the rolling code system makes it unlikely for a burglar to send a valid signal by replaying the recorded one.  With rolling code protection, a garage door will open if and only if the transmitted code is not among the last 1024 used codes and it is among the next 4096 codes.  The Security+ has additional functionality that will cause the GDO to resynchronize when two signals out of the acceptable range are transmitted in rapid succession.  This was added in the case that homeowners use the same transmitter on multiple garage doors.",0,null,"How can you break through a smart garage door opener security?","1 Press and release the â€œsmartâ€\u009d button on garage door opener motor unit. 2  The smart indicator light will glow steadily for 30 seconds. 3  Within 30 seconds, enter a four digit personal identification number (PIN) of your choice on the keypad.",0,null,"How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","The second stage of the wireless garage door opener system dealt with the shared frequency problem. To rectify this, multicode systems were developed.  These systems required a garage door owner to preset a digital code by switching eight to twelve DIP switches on the receiver and transmitter. While these switches provided garage door systems with 2 = 256 to 2 = 4,096 different codes, they were not designed with high security in mind; the main intent was to avoid interference with similar systems nearby.  Criminals were able to defeat the basic security of this system by trying different codes on a regular transmitter.  They could also make code grabbers to record and re-transmit a signal, or code scanners, that would attempt every possible combination in a short time.  Multicode openers became unpopular in areas where security was an issue, but due to their ease of programming, such openers are often used to operate such things as the gates in gated apartment complexes.",0,null,8,true,"81_8_MARCO_7706626","MARCO_7706626","81_8_CAR_e3d62710a45cff97e5ff9ac284541b731c7d85c8","CAR_e3d62710a45cff97e5ff9ac284541b731c7d85c8","81_8_MARCO_7706626","MARCO_7706626",null,"How could smart garage door openers be hacked?","CAR_f3e5086fb72bb6237d74c732e47c6d81e8b722ad","81_8_CAR_f3e5086fb72bb6237d74c732e47c6d81e8b722ad","The second stage of the wireless garage door opener system dealt with the shared frequency problem. To rectify this, multicode systems were developed.  These systems required a garage door owner to preset a digital code by switching eight to twelve DIP switches on the receiver and transmitter. While these switches provided garage door systems with 2 = 256 to 2 = 4,096 different codes, they were not designed with high security in mind; the main intent was to avoid interference with similar systems nearby.  Criminals were able to defeat the basic security of this system by trying different codes on a regular transmitter.  They could also make code grabbers to record and re-transmit a signal, or code scanners, that would attempt every possible combination in a short time.  Multicode openers became unpopular in areas where security was an issue, but due to their ease of programming, such openers are often used to operate such things as the gates in gated apartment complexes.",0]
["I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","82_1","What is the purpose of GMO food labels?","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.n contrast, GMO labeling should be required on all food packaging. GMO Labeling Is Key to Our Right to Know! Few choices in our daily lives are as important as the food choices we make for ourselves and our families.",1,null,"What can you tell me about GMO food labels GMO?","Genetically Modified Foods: Truth about Labeling. There is significant misinformation and confusion about genetically modified foods (or GMOs), which now make up a major part of the American diet.Anti-GMO activists are seeking to combat GMOs by pushing for labeling mandates on the state and federal levels.here is significant misinformation and confusion about genetically modified foods (or GMOs), which now make up a major part of the American diet.",2,null,"What is the use of GMO Food labeling?","Proponents argue that approved GMO food has undergone extensive testing, is “safe” and that basically labeling is unnecessary. Labeling may discourage consumers to use GMO products when such a choice may be irrational. A lot of consumers express fears that have not been substantiated by science.",2,null,"I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.n contrast, GMO labeling should be required on all food packaging. GMO Labeling Is Key to Our Right to Know! Few choices in our daily lives are as important as the food choices we make for ourselves and our families.",1,null,9,false,"82_1_MARCO_5970602","MARCO_5970602","82_1_MARCO_3674272","MARCO_3674272","82_1_CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9",null,"I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","MARCO_5970602","82_1_MARCO_5970602","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.n contrast, GMO labeling should be required on all food packaging. GMO Labeling Is Key to Our Right to Know! Few choices in our daily lives are as important as the food choices we make for ourselves and our families.",1]
["I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","82_1","What is the purpose of GMO food labels?","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.",1,null,"What can you tell me about GMO food labels GMO?","These days more and more consumers are looking for ways to avoid genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in their food. There are currently two food labels that indicate the absence of GMOs for consumers: the USDA Organic label and the Non-GMO Project Verified seal. GMOs, toxic pesticides, synthetic fertilizers, and artificial colors & flavors are all prohibited under USDA organic regulations.",2,null,"What is the use of GMO Food labeling?","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.n contrast, GMO labeling should be required on all food packaging. GMO Labeling Is Key to Our Right to Know! Few choices in our daily lives are as important as the food choices we make for ourselves and our families.",1,null,"I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.ur right to know what is in the food we are buying and our right to choose our preferred food should not be usurped for any reason. Most Hawaii residents want GMO labeling and many are not convinced that GMOs are safe.",1,null,9,false,"82_1_MARCO_68667","MARCO_68667","82_1_MARCO_3851669","MARCO_3851669","82_1_MARCO_5970602","MARCO_5970602",null,"I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","MARCO_1209359","82_1_MARCO_1209359","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.ur right to know what is in the food we are buying and our right to choose our preferred food should not be usurped for any reason. Most Hawaii residents want GMO labeling and many are not convinced that GMOs are safe.",1]
["I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","82_1","What is the purpose of GMO food labels?","Itâ€™s a growing controversy: Should GMO foods always be labeled so consumers are aware that the product contains genetically modified ingredients? GMOsâ€”or genetically modified organismsâ€”are created in a lab by altering the genetic makeup of a plant or an animal.",1,null,"What can you tell me about GMO food labels GMO?","Genetically modified organisms (GMOs), also known as genetically modified or engineered foods, are created by forcing a piece of DNA from a totally different species, such as bacteria or viruses, into the DNA of a plant or animal.he biggest fear of these companies is that once GMOs are labeled, we won't want to eat them anymore. And that may happen, just like it did when we found out there was pink slime in our hamburgers! Our country is based on a free market economy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What is the use of GMO Food labeling?","No chemicals are involved. [ Read Andrew Kimbrell: The Case for Labeling GMOs ]. Farmers have been using GMOs for nearly 20 years, and between 70 percent and 80 percent of the food you consume contains GM ingredients.The use of this technology ensures farmers can grow more food, fend off infestations and recover from drought faster.GM technology also helps to keep food prices lower.armers have been using GMOs for nearly 20 years, and between 70 percent and 80 percent of the food you consume contains GM ingredients. The use of this technology ensures farmers can grow more food, fend off infestations and recover from drought faster. GM technology also helps to keep food prices lower.",1,null,"I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.t's wrong for government to deny us our right to know. Our right to know what is in the food we are buying and our right to choose our preferred food should not be usurped for any reason. Most Hawaii residents want GMO labeling and many are not convinced that GMOs are safe.",1,null,9,false,"82_1_MARCO_1975478","MARCO_1975478","82_1_MARCO_955186","MARCO_955186","82_1_MARCO_6914068","MARCO_6914068",null,"I would like to learn about GMO Food labeling.","MARCO_955184","82_1_MARCO_955184","GMO Foods Should be Labeled. We have the Right to Know What is in Our Food. One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human health the world has ever known is currently underway without your consentâ€”in your household and households across the nation, indeed throughout our entire planet.t's wrong for government to deny us our right to know. Our right to know what is in the food we are buying and our right to choose our preferred food should not be usurped for any reason. Most Hawaii residents want GMO labeling and many are not convinced that GMOs are safe.",1]
["What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","82_2","What are some risks and benefits of GMO food labels?","The most notable GMO risks to humans are the potential development of allergens to GM related crops and toxicity from GM crops. However, studies also show GM crops have benefits including the increased nutritional value in foods. \\\\ Improved from initial draft.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What can be gained or lost by labeling GMO foods?","Proponents argue that approved GMO food has undergone extensive testing, is “safe” and that basically labeling is unnecessary. Labeling may discourage consumers to use GMO products when such a choice may be irrational. A lot of consumers express fears that have not been substantiated by science.",1,null,"What are the advantages and disadvantages of GMO food labels?","Advantages and Disadvantages of GMOs. OccupyTheory. GMOâ€™s, or genetically modified organisms, is a form of scientific farming where crops are pumped full of chemicals to increase yield and size of crops. It is highly debated and becoming more and more common in everyday foods.isadvantages of GMOs. 1. GMOs could be dangerous to some insects. This is because the new genes of the crops can be deadly to certain insects like butterflies that are not actually dangerous to crops. 2. The people who oppose GMOs arenâ€™t taste good as compared to naturally produced crops. 3.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","Proponents argue that approved GMO food has undergone extensive testing, is “safe” and that basically labeling is unnecessary. Labeling may discourage consumers to use GMO products when such a choice may be irrational. A lot of consumers express fears that have not been substantiated by science.",1,null,10,true,"82_2_MARCO_6092669","MARCO_6092669","82_2_CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","82_2_MARCO_6435681","MARCO_6435681",null,"What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","82_2_CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","Proponents argue that approved GMO food has undergone extensive testing, is “safe” and that basically labeling is unnecessary. Labeling may discourage consumers to use GMO products when such a choice may be irrational. A lot of consumers express fears that have not been substantiated by science.",1]
["What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","82_2","What are some risks and benefits of GMO food labels?","The most notable GMO risks to humans are the potential development of allergens to GM related crops and toxicity from GM crops. However, studies also show GM crops have benefits including the increased nutritional value in foods.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What can be gained or lost by labeling GMO foods?","Why labeling of GMOs is actually bad for people and the environment. David Zilberman, professor of agriculture and resource economics | 6/6/12 | 293 comments | Leave a comment. On November 6th, California voters will be asked to vote on a proposition about labeling of genetically modified (GM) products.he public is divided among individuals who believe that GMOs are bad, others who think they are valuable, and many who are basically indifferent. The last group may not see the damage of requiring labeling of GMOs since they do not see the big loss.",1,null,"What are the advantages and disadvantages of GMO food labels?","Advantages and Disadvantages of GMOs. OccupyTheory. GMOâ€™s, or genetically modified organisms, is a form of scientific farming where crops are pumped full of chemicals to increase yield and size of crops. It is highly debated and becoming more and more common in everyday foods.However, just like a coin, it also has its two sides.isadvantages of GMOs. 1. GMOs could be dangerous to some insects. This is because the new genes of the crops can be deadly to certain insects like butterflies that are not actually dangerous to crops. 2.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","Brief Synopsis: Genetically modified foods information including list of GM foods with dna changes and pros and cons of GM food. Any politician or scientist who tells you these products are safe is either very stupid or lying.The hazards of these foods are uncertain.he benefits of genetically modified food crops include being able to breed disease resistant crops and herbicide tolerant strains. Genetically modified crops can also be made to include vitamins that may be lacking in some staple varieties.",0,null,10,true,"82_2_MARCO_6092668","MARCO_6092668","82_2_MARCO_4675428","MARCO_4675428","82_2_MARCO_3381365","MARCO_3381365",null,"What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","MARCO_1227831","82_2_MARCO_1227831","Brief Synopsis: Genetically modified foods information including list of GM foods with dna changes and pros and cons of GM food. Any politician or scientist who tells you these products are safe is either very stupid or lying.The hazards of these foods are uncertain.he benefits of genetically modified food crops include being able to breed disease resistant crops and herbicide tolerant strains. Genetically modified crops can also be made to include vitamins that may be lacking in some staple varieties.",0]
["What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","82_2","What are some risks and benefits of GMO food labels?","With every alleged GMO health risk, there are counterarguments either opposing health risk claims or suggesting GMOs provide more benefits than harm. The most notable GMO risks to humans are the potential development of allergens to GM related crops and toxicity from GM crops.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What can be gained or lost by labeling GMO foods?","Many people, even in the world of Natural Foods, donâ€™t know what a GMO is, let alone which crops and processed ingredients are high-risk. As such, labeling only products that contain high-risk ingredients could give an unfair competitive advantage to products that contain ingredients containing corn, soy, etc.",1,null,"What are the advantages and disadvantages of GMO food labels?","Regardless of the advantages and disadvantages of GMO the main goal of making GMOs is to mix the helpful genes of various organisms in a single organism, frequently to be consumed as a source of food.In agriculture, GMOs actually have a lot of benefnts.On Preventing Disease and Insects.GMO advantages always include its role in boosting health and natural resistance to different organisms and diseases.n agriculture, GMOs actually have a lot of benefnts. On Preventing Disease and Insects. GMO advantages always include its role in boosting health and natural resistance to different organisms and diseases.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","Pro: private label products are GMO-free. Con: private label products are manufactured by Ralcorp, whose parent corporation ConAgra donated $1.17 million to oppose GMO labeling. If Trader Joeâ€™s is your best option for buying organic food on a limited food budget, I will never discourage that kind of logic.",0,null,10,true,"82_2_MARCO_6092671","MARCO_6092671","82_2_MARCO_232733","MARCO_232733","82_2_MARCO_6435680","MARCO_6435680",null,"What are the pros and cons of GMO food labeling?","MARCO_3311529","82_2_MARCO_3311529","Pro: private label products are GMO-free. Con: private label products are manufactured by Ralcorp, whose parent corporation ConAgra donated $1.17 million to oppose GMO labeling. If Trader Joeâ€™s is your best option for buying organic food on a limited food budget, I will never discourage that kind of logic.",0]
["What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","82_3","What are the issues regarding GMO labeling?","One of the key issues concerning regulators is whether GM products should be labeled. Labeling of GMO products in the marketplace is required in 64 countries.  Labeling can be mandatory up to a threshold GM content level (which varies between countries) or voluntary. A study investigating voluntary labeling in South Africa found that 31% of products labeled as GMO-free had a GM content above 1.0%. In Canada and the USA labeling of GM food is voluntary, while in Europe all food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",0,null,"What are the risks of labeling GMO foods?","The most notable GMO risks to humans are the potential development of allergens to GM related crops and toxicity from GM crops. However, studies also show GM crops have benefits including the increased nutritional value in foods.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why should we not label GMO foods?","So they can avoid the â€œfrankenfoodsâ€\u009d. This is why the GMO foods are not labeled now and why getting the GMO label on cans and boxes will be all but impossible. What we really need is a way to label food based on itâ€™s nutrition content or taste.The current labels are based on old data which were averages and guesses.o they can avoid the â€œfrankenfoodsâ€\u009d. This is why the GMO foods are not labeled now and why getting the GMO label on cans and boxes will be all but impossible. What we really need is a way to label food based on itâ€™s nutrition content or taste. The current labels are based on old data which were averages and guesses.",0,null,"What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","Proponents argue that approved GMO food has undergone extensive testing, is “safe” and that basically labeling is unnecessary. Labeling may discourage consumers to use GMO products when such a choice may be irrational. A lot of consumers express fears that have not been substantiated by science.",2,null,11,false,"82_3_CAR_127c8f0e34a6b25f92f6e8c089fa4a79620d381c","CAR_127c8f0e34a6b25f92f6e8c089fa4a79620d381c","82_3_MARCO_6092668","MARCO_6092668","82_3_MARCO_5970609","MARCO_5970609",null,"What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","82_3_CAR_bafb3c1c72e23c444e182cac4e0ea9e4330d21c9","Proponents argue that approved GMO food has undergone extensive testing, is “safe” and that basically labeling is unnecessary. Labeling may discourage consumers to use GMO products when such a choice may be irrational. A lot of consumers express fears that have not been substantiated by science.",2]
["What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","82_3","What are the issues regarding GMO labeling?","One of the key issues concerning regulators is whether GM products should be labeled. Labeling can be mandatory up to a threshold GM content level (which varies between countries) or voluntary. A study investigating voluntary labeling in South Africa found that 31% of products labeled as GMO-free had a GM content above 1.0%. In Canada and the United States labeling of GM food is voluntary, while in Europe all food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, and Australia require labeling so consumers can exercise choice between foods that have genetically modified, conventional or organic origins.",0,null,"What are the risks of labeling GMO foods?","The most notable GMO risks to humans are the potential development of allergens to GM related crops and toxicity from GM crops. However, studies also show GM crops have benefits including the increased nutritional value in foods. \\\\ Improved from initial draft.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why should we not label GMO foods?","The FDA has declared that genetically modified foods or food ingredients need not be labeled. Why not? The FDA holds that genetically modified foods (GM-foods) are essentially the same as traditional foods  there is substantial equivalence, in the language of food scientists.ood labels also tell you something about the way a food has been processed. If the pasta sauce you buy has been heated (pasteurized) so that it will keep longer, it cannot be labeled fresh, since the label fresh indicates that a food has not been processed.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","The Organic Consumers Association, and the Union of Concerned Scientists, and Greenpeace stated that risks have not been adequately identified and managed, and they have questioned the objectivity of regulatory authorities. Some health groups say there are unanswered questions regarding the potential long-term impact on human health from food derived from GMOs, and propose mandatory labeling or a moratorium on such products. Concerns include contamination of the non-genetically modified food supply, effects of GMOs on the environment and nature, the rigor of the regulatory process, and consolidation of control of the food supply in companies that make and sell GMOs, or concerns over the use of herbicides with glyphosate.",0,null,11,false,"82_3_CAR_11a62de61f9acb61e79afcc17bc051aebeea4f8e","CAR_11a62de61f9acb61e79afcc17bc051aebeea4f8e","82_3_MARCO_6092669","MARCO_6092669","82_3_MARCO_6264514","MARCO_6264514",null,"What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","CAR_fafcd032f0865dec65bb0ea7418afbd56c0ddb2e","82_3_CAR_fafcd032f0865dec65bb0ea7418afbd56c0ddb2e","The Organic Consumers Association, and the Union of Concerned Scientists, and Greenpeace stated that risks have not been adequately identified and managed, and they have questioned the objectivity of regulatory authorities. Some health groups say there are unanswered questions regarding the potential long-term impact on human health from food derived from GMOs, and propose mandatory labeling or a moratorium on such products. Concerns include contamination of the non-genetically modified food supply, effects of GMOs on the environment and nature, the rigor of the regulatory process, and consolidation of control of the food supply in companies that make and sell GMOs, or concerns over the use of herbicides with glyphosate.",0]
["What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","82_3","What are the issues regarding GMO labeling?","Controversies Surrounding GMOs. There are many controversies surrounding this topic. Some are complete myths, while others raise valid issues. Labeling. It is estimated that as much as 90% of commodity crops used in the U.S.â€™s food supply are genetically modified. Few people are aware of the extent of GMOs because the food industry does not label them through fear of sparking safety concerns in customers.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are the risks of labeling GMO foods?","Consuming these genetically altered and more processed foods can lead to increased risk of diseases and even cancer (Genetically Modified Food). Most of the time we do not even realize that we are eating these harmful toxins as they are infused in our food without our knowledge (Label GMOs).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why should we not label GMO foods?","Why the GMO food provider is not looking to add labels to the such food. This question must be answered. Everything from a small candy to the Drink have ingrediats label patsed o print with it so consumer would know that what they are eating. Government has to ask to add labels to the GMO food.here have been NO long-term studies conducted on the safety of genetically engineered foods on humans. The issue of GM food safety was first discussed at a meeting of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World Health Organization (WHO) and biotech representatives in 1990.",0,null,"What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","Genetically modified organisms (GMO) are organisms whose genetic material has been altered by genetic engineering techniques generally known as recombinant DNA technology. Genetic engineering has expanded the genes available to breeders to utilize in creating desired germlines for new crops. Increased durability, nutritional content, insect and virus resistance and herbicide tolerance are a few of the attributes bred into crops through genetic engineering. For some, GMO crops cause food safety and food labeling concerns. Numerous countries have placed restrictions on the production, import or use of GMO foods and crops, which have been put in place due to concerns over potential health issues, declining agricultural diversity and contamination of non-GMO crops. Currently a global treaty, the Biosafety Protocol, regulates the trade of GMOs. There is ongoing discussion regarding the labeling of foods made from GMOs, and while the EU currently requires all GMO foods to be labeled, the US does not.",0,null,11,false,"82_3_MARCO_8051226","MARCO_8051226","82_3_MARCO_2199105","MARCO_2199105","82_3_MARCO_955187","MARCO_955187",null,"What are the cons of GMO food labeling?","CAR_14e62ec6fa1fb134487c7a2ce2a490b937880bb0","82_3_CAR_14e62ec6fa1fb134487c7a2ce2a490b937880bb0","Genetically modified organisms (GMO) are organisms whose genetic material has been altered by genetic engineering techniques generally known as recombinant DNA technology. Genetic engineering has expanded the genes available to breeders to utilize in creating desired germlines for new crops. Increased durability, nutritional content, insect and virus resistance and herbicide tolerance are a few of the attributes bred into crops through genetic engineering. For some, GMO crops cause food safety and food labeling concerns. Numerous countries have placed restrictions on the production, import or use of GMO foods and crops, which have been put in place due to concerns over potential health issues, declining agricultural diversity and contamination of non-GMO crops. Currently a global treaty, the Biosafety Protocol, regulates the trade of GMOs. There is ongoing discussion regarding the labeling of foods made from GMOs, and while the EU currently requires all GMO foods to be labeled, the US does not.",0]
["What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","82_4","What are the guidelines for labeling food containing GMOs in the EU?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",3,null,"What are the EU regulations regarding GMO food labeling?","The regulations concerning the import and sale of GMOs for human and animal consumption grown outside the EU involve providing freedom of choice to the farmers and consumers. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. Twice GMOs unapproved by the EC have arrived in the EU and been forced to return to their port of origin. The first was in 2006 when a shipment of rice from America containing an experimental GMO variety (LLRice601) not meant for commercialisation arrived at Rotterdam. The second in 2009 when trace amounts of a GMO maize approved in the US were found in a \"non-GM\" soy flour cargo.",3,null,"What are the European rules on labeling GMO foods?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",3,null,"What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","In the EU, if a food contains or consists of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), or contains ingredients produced from GMOs, this must be indicated on the label. For GM products sold 'loose', information must be displayed immediately next to the food to indicate that it is GM.",1,null,12,true,"82_4_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","82_4_CAR_9727b05a936eee2b477f4fb5d5276da27dabd9d4","CAR_9727b05a936eee2b477f4fb5d5276da27dabd9d4","82_4_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad",null,"What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","MARCO_6544234","82_4_MARCO_6544234","In the EU, if a food contains or consists of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), or contains ingredients produced from GMOs, this must be indicated on the label. For GM products sold 'loose', information must be displayed immediately next to the food to indicate that it is GM.",1]
["What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","82_4","What are the guidelines for labeling food containing GMOs in the EU?","In the EU, if a food contains or consists of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), or contains ingredients produced from GMOs, this must be indicated on the label. For GM products sold 'loose', information must be displayed immediately next to the food to indicate that it is GM.",1,null,"What are the EU regulations regarding GMO food labeling?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",3,null,"What are the European rules on labeling GMO foods?","The regulations concerning the import and sale of GMOs for human and animal consumption grown outside the EU involve providing freedom of choice to the farmers and consumers. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. Twice GMOs unapproved by the EC have arrived in the EU and been forced to return to their port of origin. The first was in 2006 when a shipment of rice from America containing an experimental GMO variety (LLRice601) not meant for commercialisation arrived at Rotterdam. The second in 2009 when trace amounts of a GMO maize approved in the US were found in a \"non-GM\" soy flour cargo.",3,null,"What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","In the EU, if a food contains or consists of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), or contains ingredients produced from GMOs, this must be indicated on the label.",1,null,12,true,"82_4_MARCO_6544234","MARCO_6544234","82_4_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","82_4_CAR_9727b05a936eee2b477f4fb5d5276da27dabd9d4","CAR_9727b05a936eee2b477f4fb5d5276da27dabd9d4",null,"What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","MARCO_6544237","82_4_MARCO_6544237","In the EU, if a food contains or consists of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), or contains ingredients produced from GMOs, this must be indicated on the label.",1]
["What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","82_4","What are the guidelines for labeling food containing GMOs in the EU?","The regulations concerning the import and sale of GMOs for human and animal consumption grown outside the EU involve providing freedom of choice to the farmers and consumers. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. Twice GMOs unapproved by the EC have arrived in the EU and been forced to return to their port of origin. The first was in 2006 when a shipment of rice from America containing an experimental GMO variety (LLRice601) not meant for commercialisation arrived at Rotterdam. The second in 2009 when trace amounts of a GMO maize approved in the US were found in a \"non-GM\" soy flour cargo.",3,null,"What are the EU regulations regarding GMO food labeling?","The EC Directorate-general for agriculture and rural development states that the regulations concerning the import and sale of GMOs for human and animal consumption grown outside the EU provide freedom of choice to farmers and consumers. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. As of 2010 GMOs unapproved by the EC had been found twice and returned to their port of origin: First in 2006 when a shipment of rice from the U.S. containing an experimental GMO variety (LLRice601) not meant for commercialisation arrived at Rotterdam, the second time in 2009, when trace amounts of a GMO maize approved in the US were found in a non-GM soy flour cargo. In 2012, the EU imported about 30 million tons of GM crops for animal consumption.",3,null,"What are the European rules on labeling GMO foods?","The EC Directorate-general for agriculture and rural development states that the regulations concerning the import and sale of GMOs for human and animal consumption grown outside the EU provide freedom of choice to farmers and consumers. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. As of 2010 GMOs unapproved by the EC had been found twice and returned to their port of origin: First in 2006 when a shipment of rice from the U.S. containing an experimental GMO variety (LLRice601) not meant for commercialisation arrived at Rotterdam, the second time in 2009, when trace amounts of a GMO maize approved in the US were found in a non-GM soy flour cargo. In 2012, the EU imported about 30 million tons of GM crops for animal consumption.",3,null,"What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","The regulations concerning the import and sale of GMOs for human and animal consumption grown outside the EU involve providing freedom of choice to the farmers and consumers. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. Twice GMOs unapproved by the EC have arrived in the EU and been forced to return to their port of origin. The first was in 2006 when a shipment of rice from America containing an experimental GMO variety (LLRice601) not meant for commercialisation arrived at Rotterdam. The second in 2009 when trace amounts of a GMO maize approved in the US were found in a \"non-GM\" soy flour cargo.",3,null,12,true,"82_4_CAR_9727b05a936eee2b477f4fb5d5276da27dabd9d4","CAR_9727b05a936eee2b477f4fb5d5276da27dabd9d4","82_4_CAR_b7e5b8c1488a3f42fb16fbc5cbcd0790a56948de","CAR_b7e5b8c1488a3f42fb16fbc5cbcd0790a56948de","82_4_CAR_b7e5b8c1488a3f42fb16fbc5cbcd0790a56948de","CAR_b7e5b8c1488a3f42fb16fbc5cbcd0790a56948de",null,"What are the GMO food labeling rules in the EU?","CAR_9727b05a936eee2b477f4fb5d5276da27dabd9d4","82_4_CAR_9727b05a936eee2b477f4fb5d5276da27dabd9d4","The regulations concerning the import and sale of GMOs for human and animal consumption grown outside the EU involve providing freedom of choice to the farmers and consumers. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled. Twice GMOs unapproved by the EC have arrived in the EU and been forced to return to their port of origin. The first was in 2006 when a shipment of rice from America containing an experimental GMO variety (LLRice601) not meant for commercialisation arrived at Rotterdam. The second in 2009 when trace amounts of a GMO maize approved in the US were found in a \"non-GM\" soy flour cargo.",3]
["Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","82_5","How do traceability tools for GMO foods work in Europe?","Traceability does not rely solely on documentation. By biochemical means (polymerase chain reaction) even tiny traces of GMOs can be detected and identified—provided that suitable testing tools exist for the GMO assumed to be present. In the EU, such a tool must be part of the application documents for the approval for commercialisation. For most products and production stages, testing methods are available to monitor and enforce the compliance with traceability regulations.",1,null,"I want to learn about traceability in the EU for GMO foods. How are GMOs traced there?","The EU implemented regulations specifically governing co-existence and traceability. Traceability has become commonplace in the food and feed supply chains of most countries, but GMO traceability is more challenging given strict legal thresholds for unwanted mixing. Since 2001, conventional and organic food and feedstuffs can contain up to 0.9% of authorised modified material without carrying a GMO label. (any trace of non-authorised modification is cause for a shipment to be rejected). Authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs, and the several countries and interested parties created a non-governmental organization, Co-Extra, to develop such methods.",1,null,"How can they trace GMOs in the E.U.?","Traceability does not rely solely on documentation. By biochemical means (polymerase chain reaction) even tiny traces of GMOs can be detected and identified—provided that suitable testing tools exist for the GMO assumed to be present. In the EU, such a tool must be part of the application documents for the approval for commercialisation. For most products and production stages, testing methods are available to monitor and enforce the compliance with traceability regulations.",1,null,"Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","Traceability does not rely solely on documentation. By biochemical means (polymerase chain reaction) even tiny traces of GMOs can be detected and identified—provided that suitable testing tools exist for the GMO assumed to be present. In the EU, such a tool must be part of the application documents for the approval for commercialisation. For most products and production stages, testing methods are available to monitor and enforce the compliance with traceability regulations.",1,null,13,false,"82_5_CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","82_5_CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","82_5_CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4",null,"Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","82_5_CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","Traceability does not rely solely on documentation. By biochemical means (polymerase chain reaction) even tiny traces of GMOs can be detected and identified—provided that suitable testing tools exist for the GMO assumed to be present. In the EU, such a tool must be part of the application documents for the approval for commercialisation. For most products and production stages, testing methods are available to monitor and enforce the compliance with traceability regulations.",1]
["Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","82_5","How do traceability tools for GMO foods work in Europe?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",3,null,"I want to learn about traceability in the EU for GMO foods. How are GMOs traced there?","Traceability does not rely solely on documentation. By biochemical means (polymerase chain reaction) even tiny traces of GMOs can be detected and identified—provided that suitable testing tools exist for the GMO assumed to be present. In the EU, such a tool must be part of the application documents for the approval for commercialisation. For most products and production stages, testing methods are available to monitor and enforce the compliance with traceability regulations.",1,null,"How can they trace GMOs in the E.U.?","The unique identifier has been integrated in the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and in the European Union legislation on the labelling and traceability of genetically modified organisms (Regulation (EC) No 1830/2003). Detailing the unique identifier, the regulation demands the forwarding of written documentation of the identity of a GMO at every stage of the production process. This allows a GMO to be traced even if, for example, due to intensive processing, it can no longer be detected. Using this unique identifier, information on all approved transgenic GMOs is accessible through the Biosafety Clearing-House, the information exchange platform of the Cartagena Protocol.",3,null,"Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",3,null,13,false,"82_5_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","82_5_CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","CAR_ef1121e0a382dca7bffdf33a03ed9e9657fe65f4","82_5_CAR_1753b9b0cff473423fdf8789002c1dde4fecc9b9","CAR_1753b9b0cff473423fdf8789002c1dde4fecc9b9",null,"Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","82_5_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",3]
["Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","82_5","How do traceability tools for GMO foods work in Europe?","The EU implemented regulations specifically governing co-existence and traceability. Traceability has become commonplace in the food and feed supply chains of most countries, but GMO traceability is more challenging given strict legal thresholds for unwanted mixing. Since 2001, conventional and organic food and feedstuffs can contain up to 0.9% of authorised modified material without carrying a GMO label. (any trace of non-authorised modification is cause for a shipment to be rejected). Authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs, and the several countries and interested parties created a non-governmental organization, Co-Extra, to develop such methods.",1,null,"I want to learn about traceability in the EU for GMO foods. How are GMOs traced there?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",3,null,"How can they trace GMOs in the E.U.?","Many consumers are critical of genetically modified plants and their products, while, conversely, most experts in charge of GMO approvals do not perceive concrete threats to health or the environment. The compromise chosen by some countries  - notably the European Union - has been to implement regulations specifically governing co-existence and traceability. Traceability has become commonplace in the food and feed supply chains of most countries in the world, but the traceability of GMOs is made more challenging by the addition of very strict legal thresholds for unwanted mixing.  Within the European Union, since 2001, conventional and organic food and feedstuffs can contain up to 0.9% of authorised GM material without being labelled GM  (any trace of non-authorised GM products and would cause shipments to be rejected.).",1,null,"Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","The EU implemented regulations specifically governing co-existence and traceability. Traceability has become commonplace in the food and feed supply chains of most countries, but GMO traceability is more challenging given strict legal thresholds for unwanted mixing. Since 2001, conventional and organic food and feedstuffs can contain up to 0.9% of authorised modified material without carrying a GMO label. (any trace of non-authorised modification is cause for a shipment to be rejected). Authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs, and the several countries and interested parties created a non-governmental organization, Co-Extra, to develop such methods.",1,null,13,false,"82_5_CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","82_5_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","82_5_CAR_13c9e6746b3b17f354633aafb3404d8ce56943ed","CAR_13c9e6746b3b17f354633aafb3404d8ce56943ed",null,"Tell me about traceability tools for GMO foods in the EU.","CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","82_5_CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","The EU implemented regulations specifically governing co-existence and traceability. Traceability has become commonplace in the food and feed supply chains of most countries, but GMO traceability is more challenging given strict legal thresholds for unwanted mixing. Since 2001, conventional and organic food and feedstuffs can contain up to 0.9% of authorised modified material without carrying a GMO label. (any trace of non-authorised modification is cause for a shipment to be rejected). Authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs, and the several countries and interested parties created a non-governmental organization, Co-Extra, to develop such methods.",1]
["What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","82_6","What are some uses of Co-Extra in traceability tools in Europe?","With regard to supporting cost-effective documentary traceability, Co-Extra was aimed at devising reliable, analytical detection methods, and at establishing the most appropriate methods of collecting, organising and distributing information. A core programme objective was the provision, to all stakeholders of food and feed chains, of a central decision-support system incorporating all necessary institutional tools, methods, models and guidelines.",4,null,"How is Co-Extra used to trace GMOs in food products in Europe?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",4,null,"Does co-extra contribute to the traceability of GMO food in the E.U.?","While SIGMEA was focused on co-existence at the farm level, Co-Extra studies co-existence along the whole production chain, and has a second focus on the traceability of GMOs, since co-existence cannot work without traceability. To be able to monitor and enforce compliance with co-existence regulations, authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs.",4,null,"What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","Co-Extra was an EU-funded research programme on co-existence and traceability of genetically modified crops and their edible derivatives that ran from 2005-2009. It was granted €13.5 million under the Sixth Framework Programme of the European Union, and is conducted by more than 200 scientists in 52 organisations in 18 countries.",4,null,14,true,"82_6_CAR_c3b5e081e8f27c9de016dc54037c8c2208f1bbd6","CAR_c3b5e081e8f27c9de016dc54037c8c2208f1bbd6","82_6_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","82_6_CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff",null,"What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","CAR_8d02588a98fbc9b03520749daa022522dd2638d0","82_6_CAR_8d02588a98fbc9b03520749daa022522dd2638d0","Co-Extra was an EU-funded research programme on co-existence and traceability of genetically modified crops and their edible derivatives that ran from 2005-2009. It was granted €13.5 million under the Sixth Framework Programme of the European Union, and is conducted by more than 200 scientists in 52 organisations in 18 countries.",4]
["What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","82_6","What are some uses of Co-Extra in traceability tools in Europe?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",4,null,"How is Co-Extra used to trace GMOs in food products in Europe?","While SIGMEA was focused on co-existence at the farm level, Co-Extra studies co-existence along the whole production chain, and has a second focus on the traceability of GMOs, since co-existence cannot work without traceability. To be able to monitor and enforce compliance with co-existence regulations, authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs.",4,null,"Does co-extra contribute to the traceability of GMO food in the E.U.?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",4,null,"What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","While SIGMEA was focused on co-existence at the farm level, Co-Extra studies co-existence along the whole production chain, and has a second focus on the traceability of GMOs, since co-existence cannot work without traceability. To be able to monitor and enforce compliance with co-existence regulations, authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs.",4,null,14,true,"82_6_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","82_6_CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","82_6_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad",null,"What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","82_6_CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","While SIGMEA was focused on co-existence at the farm level, Co-Extra studies co-existence along the whole production chain, and has a second focus on the traceability of GMOs, since co-existence cannot work without traceability. To be able to monitor and enforce compliance with co-existence regulations, authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs.",4]
["What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","82_6","What are some uses of Co-Extra in traceability tools in Europe?","While SIGMEA was focused on co-existence at the farm level, Co-Extra studies co-existence along the whole production chain, and has a second focus on the traceability of GMOs, since co-existence cannot work without traceability. To be able to monitor and enforce compliance with co-existence regulations, authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs.",4,null,"How is Co-Extra used to trace GMOs in food products in Europe?","The EU implemented regulations specifically governing co-existence and traceability. Traceability has become commonplace in the food and feed supply chains of most countries, but GMO traceability is more challenging given strict legal thresholds for unwanted mixing. Since 2001, conventional and organic food and feedstuffs can contain up to 0.9% of authorised modified material without carrying a GMO label. (any trace of non-authorised modification is cause for a shipment to be rejected). Authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs, and the several countries and interested parties created a non-governmental organization, Co-Extra, to develop such methods.",4,null,"Does co-extra contribute to the traceability of GMO food in the E.U.?","Co-Extra was an EU-funded research programme on co-existence and traceability of genetically modified crops and their edible derivatives that ran from 2005-2009. It was granted €13.5 million under the Sixth Framework Programme of the European Union, and is conducted by more than 200 scientists in 52 organisations in 18 countries.",4,null,"What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",4,null,14,true,"82_6_CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","82_6_CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","CAR_ad707e094a5475b5b0a35ab384901cb37e750c7d","82_6_CAR_8d02588a98fbc9b03520749daa022522dd2638d0","CAR_8d02588a98fbc9b03520749daa022522dd2638d0",null,"What is the role of Co-Extra in GMO food traceability in the EU?","CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","82_6_CAR_ef401a18f4f95523ee060e42b474d433f61b6cad","The coexistence has raised significant concern in many European countries and so EU law also requires that all GM food be traceable to its origin, and that all food with GM content greater than 0.9% be labelled.  Due to high demand from European consumers for freedom of choice between GM and non-GM foods. EU regulations require measures to avoid mixing of foods and feed produced from GM crops and conventional or organic crops, which can be done via isolation distances or biological containment strategies.  (Unlike the US, European countries require labeling of GM food.)  European research programs such as Co-Extra, Transcontainer, and SIGMEA are investigating appropriate tools and rules for traceability. The OECD has introduced a \"unique identifier\" which is given to any GMO when it is approved, which must be forwarded at every stage of processing. Such measures are generally not used in North America because they are very costly and the industry admits of no safety-related reasons to employ them.  The EC has issued guidelines to allow the co-existence of GM and non-GM crops through buffer zones (where no GM crops are grown). These are regulated by individual countries and vary from 15 meters in Sweden to 800 meters in Luxembourg. All food (including processed food) or feed which contains greater than 0.9% of approved GMOs must be labelled.",4]
["How is food tested for GMO contamination?","82_7","What tests are used to detect contamination of GMO Food?","Two evaluations, Comprehensive GMO Screen and Crop-specific Deep GMO Test are offered, which help food manufacturers to determine if there are any genetically modified components in their food products. This helps verify GMO-free labeling and address health risks for those with allergens. The process starts with DNA extraction to detect GMO traces, which are then tested for quality and finally assigned a rank within the database.",2,null,"How is GMO contamination tested?","GMO Testing. Six of our eight dairy farms source their non-GMO feed from Maysville Elevator in Apple Creek, OH. The remaining three farms grow their own feed. Every load of corn and soybeans used by Maysville Elevator is screened for GMO contamination using the Envirologix Quickscan Anlyzer before the load is received into their non-GMO storage bin.",2,null,"How do they test GMO food for contamination?","Testing on GMOs in food and feed is routinely done using molecular techniques such as PCR and bioinformatics.",3,null,"How is food tested for GMO contamination?","Testing on GMOs in food and feed is routinely done using molecular techniques such as PCR and bioinformatics.",3,null,15,false,"82_7_CAR_7dc309882a647d5d1f9d2545979314c2f99f9c35","CAR_7dc309882a647d5d1f9d2545979314c2f99f9c35","82_7_MARCO_6858684","MARCO_6858684","82_7_CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718","CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718",null,"How is food tested for GMO contamination?","CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718","82_7_CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718","Testing on GMOs in food and feed is routinely done using molecular techniques such as PCR and bioinformatics.",3]
["How is food tested for GMO contamination?","82_7","What tests are used to detect contamination of GMO Food?","The detection of genetically modified organisms in food or feed is possible by biochemical means. It can either be qualitative, showing which genetically modified organism (GMO) is present, or quantitative, measuring in which amount a certain GMO is present. Being able to detect a GMO is an important part of GMO labeling, as without detection methods the traceability of GMOs would rely solely on documentation.",2,null,"How is GMO contamination tested?","Testing on GMOs in food and feed is routinely done using molecular techniques such as PCR and bioinformatics.",3,null,"How do they test GMO food for contamination?","Two evaluations, Comprehensive GMO Screen and Crop-specific Deep GMO Test are offered, which help food manufacturers to determine if there are any genetically modified components in their food products. This helps verify GMO-free labeling and address health risks for those with allergens. The process starts with DNA extraction to detect GMO traces, which are then tested for quality and finally assigned a rank within the database.",2,null,"How is food tested for GMO contamination?","Two evaluations, Comprehensive GMO Screen and Crop-specific Deep GMO Test are offered, which help food manufacturers to determine if there are any genetically modified components in their food products. This helps verify GMO-free labeling and address health risks for those with allergens. The process starts with DNA extraction to detect GMO traces, which are then tested for quality and finally assigned a rank within the database.",2,null,15,false,"82_7_CAR_f623d3242c208ddd2671b53ffb56d657dc190ce3","CAR_f623d3242c208ddd2671b53ffb56d657dc190ce3","82_7_CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718","CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718","82_7_CAR_7dc309882a647d5d1f9d2545979314c2f99f9c35","CAR_7dc309882a647d5d1f9d2545979314c2f99f9c35",null,"How is food tested for GMO contamination?","CAR_7dc309882a647d5d1f9d2545979314c2f99f9c35","82_7_CAR_7dc309882a647d5d1f9d2545979314c2f99f9c35","Two evaluations, Comprehensive GMO Screen and Crop-specific Deep GMO Test are offered, which help food manufacturers to determine if there are any genetically modified components in their food products. This helps verify GMO-free labeling and address health risks for those with allergens. The process starts with DNA extraction to detect GMO traces, which are then tested for quality and finally assigned a rank within the database.",2]
["How is food tested for GMO contamination?","82_7","What tests are used to detect contamination of GMO Food?","Testing on GMOs in food and feed is routinely done using molecular techniques such as PCR and bioinformatics.",3,null,"How is GMO contamination tested?","Two evaluations, Comprehensive GMO Screen and Crop-specific Deep GMO Test are offered, which help food manufacturers to determine if there are any genetically modified components in their food products. This helps verify GMO-free labeling and address health risks for those with allergens. The process starts with DNA extraction to detect GMO traces, which are then tested for quality and finally assigned a rank within the database.",2,null,"How do they test GMO food for contamination?","Industry scientists test the safety of GMOs by comparing the GM plants with conventionally bred plants of the same variety, and they overwhelmingly agree that GMO foods are safe to eat.1.",0,null,"How is food tested for GMO contamination?","The detection of genetically modified organisms in food or feed is possible by biochemical means. It can either be qualitative, showing which genetically modified organism (GMO) is present, or quantitative, measuring in which amount a certain GMO is present. Being able to detect a GMO is an important part of GMO labeling, as without detection methods the traceability of GMOs would rely solely on documentation.",2,null,15,false,"82_7_CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718","CAR_7de0d63fe3bb0924d1a53b42f057a7695b39e718","82_7_CAR_7dc309882a647d5d1f9d2545979314c2f99f9c35","CAR_7dc309882a647d5d1f9d2545979314c2f99f9c35","82_7_MARCO_2199104","MARCO_2199104",null,"How is food tested for GMO contamination?","CAR_f623d3242c208ddd2671b53ffb56d657dc190ce3","82_7_CAR_f623d3242c208ddd2671b53ffb56d657dc190ce3","The detection of genetically modified organisms in food or feed is possible by biochemical means. It can either be qualitative, showing which genetically modified organism (GMO) is present, or quantitative, measuring in which amount a certain GMO is present. Being able to detect a GMO is an important part of GMO labeling, as without detection methods the traceability of GMOs would rely solely on documentation.",2]
["What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","82_8","Where does the European approach to GMO food contamination testing differ from that of the United States?","The European Union has heavily contrasted its regulations and restrictions regarding genetic engineering compared to those of the United States. The European Parliament's Committee on the Environmental, Public Health, and Consumer Protection pushed forward and adopted a \"safety first\" principle regarding the case of GMOs, calling for any negative health consequences from GMOs to be held liable. On the other hand, the United States still takes on a less hands-on approach to the regulation of GMOs, with the FDA and USDA only looking over pesticide and plant health facets of GMOs. Despite the overall global increase in the production in GMOs, the European Union has still stalled GMOs fully integrating into its food supply. This has definitely affected various countries, including the United States, when trading with the EU.",2,null,"How different are the European standards of GMO testing from the ones in the US?","The European Union has heavily contrasted its regulations and restrictions regarding genetic engineering compared to those of the United States. The European Parliament's Committee on the Environmental, Public Health, and Consumer Protection pushed forward and adopted a \"safety first\" principle regarding the case of GMOs, calling for any negative health consequences from GMOs to be held liable. On the other hand, the United States still takes on a less hands-on approach to the regulation of GMOs, with the FDA and USDA only looking over pesticide and plant health facets of GMOs. Despite the overall global increase in the production in GMOs, the European Union has still stalled GMOs fully integrating into its food supply. This has definitely affected various countries, including the United States, when trading with the EU.",2,null,"What are the differences between European Union and the United States regarding testing for GMOs?","The European Union has heavily contrasted its regulations and restrictions regarding genetic engineering compared to those of the United States. The European Parliament's Committee on the Environmental, Public Health, and Consumer Protection pushed forward and adopted a \"safety first\" principle regarding the case of GMOs, calling for any negative health consequences from GMOs to be held liable. On the other hand, the United States still takes on a less hands-on approach to the regulation of GMOs, with the FDA and USDA only looking over pesticide and plant health facets of GMOs. Despite the overall global increase in the production in GMOs, the European Union has still stalled GMOs fully integrating into its food supply. This has definitely affected various countries, including the United States, when trading with the EU.",2,null,"What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","The European Union has heavily contrasted its regulations and restrictions regarding genetic engineering compared to those of the United States. The European Parliament's Committee on the Environmental, Public Health, and Consumer Protection pushed forward and adopted a \"safety first\" principle regarding the case of GMOs, calling for any negative health consequences from GMOs to be held liable. On the other hand, the United States still takes on a less hands-on approach to the regulation of GMOs, with the FDA and USDA only looking over pesticide and plant health facets of GMOs. Despite the overall global increase in the production in GMOs, the European Union has still stalled GMOs fully integrating into its food supply. This has definitely affected various countries, including the United States, when trading with the EU.",2,null,16,true,"82_8_CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884","CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884","82_8_CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884","CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884","82_8_CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884","CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884",null,"What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884","82_8_CAR_7c2fcb9edebb92e131fad5241c0630399d3a1884","The European Union has heavily contrasted its regulations and restrictions regarding genetic engineering compared to those of the United States. The European Parliament's Committee on the Environmental, Public Health, and Consumer Protection pushed forward and adopted a \"safety first\" principle regarding the case of GMOs, calling for any negative health consequences from GMOs to be held liable. On the other hand, the United States still takes on a less hands-on approach to the regulation of GMOs, with the FDA and USDA only looking over pesticide and plant health facets of GMOs. Despite the overall global increase in the production in GMOs, the European Union has still stalled GMOs fully integrating into its food supply. This has definitely affected various countries, including the United States, when trading with the EU.",2]
["What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","82_8","Where does the European approach to GMO food contamination testing differ from that of the United States?","The approaches taken by governments to assess and manage the risks associated with the use of genetic engineering technology and the development and release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) vary from country to country, with some of the most marked differences occurring between the United States and Europe. The U.S. regulatory policy is governed by the Coordinated Framework for Regulation of Biotechnology The policy has three tenets:  \"(1) U.S. policy would focus on the product of genetic modification (GM) techniques, not the process itself, (2) only regulation grounded in verifiable scientific risks would be tolerated, and (3) GM products are on a continuum with existing products and, therefore, existing statutes are sufficient to review the products.\" European Union by contrast enacted  regulatory laws in 2003 that provided possibly the most stringent GMO regulations in the world. All GMOs, along with irradiated food, are considered \"new food\" and subject to extensive, case-by-case, science-based food evaluation by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).  The criteria for authorization fall in four broad categories: \"safety,\" \"freedom of choice,\" \"labelling,\" and \"traceability.\"",2,null,"How different are the European standards of GMO testing from the ones in the US?","One key area where the US and EU differ is genetically modified foods. The EU has some of the strictest GM regulations in the world and has authorised just 52 GM foods to date. The US, on the other hand, is the largest commercial grower of GM crops in the world. There is also concern that US producers will be able to sell their meat in European markets, even though it is produced to different standards.",2,null,"What are the differences between European Union and the United States regarding testing for GMOs?","The approaches taken by governments to assess and manage the risks associated with the use of genetic engineering technology and the development and release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) vary from country to country, with some of the most marked differences occurring between the United States and Europe. The U.S. regulatory policy is governed by the Coordinated Framework for Regulation of Biotechnology The policy has three tenets:  \"(1) U.S. policy would focus on the product of genetic modification (GM) techniques, not the process itself, (2) only regulation grounded in verifiable scientific risks would be tolerated, and (3) GM products are on a continuum with existing products and, therefore, existing statutes are sufficient to review the products.\" European Union by contrast enacted  regulatory laws in 2003 that provided possibly the most stringent GMO regulations in the world. All GMOs, along with irradiated food, are considered \"new food\" and subject to extensive, case-by-case, science-based food evaluation by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).  The criteria for authorization fall in four broad categories: \"safety,\" \"freedom of choice,\" \"labelling,\" and \"traceability.\"",2,null,"What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","The approaches taken by governments to assess and manage the risks associated with the use of genetic engineering technology and the development and release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) vary from country to country, with some of the most marked differences occurring between the United States and Europe. The U.S. regulatory policy is governed by the Coordinated Framework for Regulation of Biotechnology The policy has three tenets:  \"(1) U.S. policy would focus on the product of genetic modification (GM) techniques, not the process itself, (2) only regulation grounded in verifiable scientific risks would be tolerated, and (3) GM products are on a continuum with existing products and, therefore, existing statutes are sufficient to review the products.\" European Union by contrast enacted  regulatory laws in 2003 that provided possibly the most stringent GMO regulations in the world. All GMOs, along with irradiated food, are considered \"new food\" and subject to extensive, case-by-case, science-based food evaluation by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).  The criteria for authorization fall in four broad categories: \"safety,\" \"freedom of choice,\" \"labelling,\" and \"traceability.\"",2,null,16,true,"82_8_CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243","CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243","82_8_MARCO_4027034","MARCO_4027034","82_8_CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243","CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243",null,"What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243","82_8_CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243","The approaches taken by governments to assess and manage the risks associated with the use of genetic engineering technology and the development and release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) vary from country to country, with some of the most marked differences occurring between the United States and Europe. The U.S. regulatory policy is governed by the Coordinated Framework for Regulation of Biotechnology The policy has three tenets:  \"(1) U.S. policy would focus on the product of genetic modification (GM) techniques, not the process itself, (2) only regulation grounded in verifiable scientific risks would be tolerated, and (3) GM products are on a continuum with existing products and, therefore, existing statutes are sufficient to review the products.\" European Union by contrast enacted  regulatory laws in 2003 that provided possibly the most stringent GMO regulations in the world. All GMOs, along with irradiated food, are considered \"new food\" and subject to extensive, case-by-case, science-based food evaluation by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).  The criteria for authorization fall in four broad categories: \"safety,\" \"freedom of choice,\" \"labelling,\" and \"traceability.\"",2]
["What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","82_8","Where does the European approach to GMO food contamination testing differ from that of the United States?","The regulatory approach used in Europe requires new and separate laws that are specific to genetically engineered (â€˜GMOâ€™) foods and crops. By contrast, the United States regulates GMOs for food safety and for environmental safety using the laws that were already in place to govern non-GMO foods and crops. â€¢",2,null,"How different are the European standards of GMO testing from the ones in the US?","The approaches taken by governments to assess and manage the risks associated with the use of genetic engineering technology and the development and release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) vary from country to country, with some of the most marked differences occurring between the United States and Europe. The U.S. regulatory policy is governed by the Coordinated Framework for Regulation of Biotechnology The policy has three tenets:  \"(1) U.S. policy would focus on the product of genetic modification (GM) techniques, not the process itself, (2) only regulation grounded in verifiable scientific risks would be tolerated, and (3) GM products are on a continuum with existing products and, therefore, existing statutes are sufficient to review the products.\" European Union by contrast enacted  regulatory laws in 2003 that provided possibly the most stringent GMO regulations in the world. All GMOs, along with irradiated food, are considered \"new food\" and subject to extensive, case-by-case, science-based food evaluation by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).  The criteria for authorization fall in four broad categories: \"safety,\" \"freedom of choice,\" \"labelling,\" and \"traceability.\"",2,null,"What are the differences between European Union and the United States regarding testing for GMOs?"," The regulation of genetic engineering concerns the approaches taken by governments to assess and manage the risks associated with the use of genetic engineering technology and the development and release of genetically modified organisms (GMO), including genetically modified crops and genetically modified fish. There are differences in the regulation of GMOs between countries, with some of the most marked differences occurring between the USA and Europe. Regulation varies in a given country depending on the intended use of the products of the genetic engineering. For example, a crop not intended for food use is generally not reviewed by authorities responsible for food safety. The European Union differentiates between approval for cultivation within the EU and approval for import and processing. While only a few GMOs have been approved for cultivation in the EU a number of GMOs have been approved for import and processing. The cultivation of GMOs has triggered a debate about coexistence of GM and nonGM crops. Depending on the coexistence regulations, incentives for cultivation of GM crops differ.",1,null,"What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","When producers, importers or authorities test a sample for the unintended presence of GMOs, they usually do not know which GMO to expect. While EU authorities prefer an event-specific approach to this problem, US authorities rely on construct-specific test schemes.",2,null,16,true,"82_8_MARCO_6858676","MARCO_6858676","82_8_CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243","CAR_f44b3e532f818ccad971a360fdb5de3a41cb4243","82_8_CAR_0f02fc47b6a524178951bdc77db45a00039995b6","CAR_0f02fc47b6a524178951bdc77db45a00039995b6",null,"What's the difference between the European Union and United States approaches to testing for GMO food contamination?","CAR_c27aaac258a79a90d4c27ea42f24c9d9dc832d35","82_8_CAR_c27aaac258a79a90d4c27ea42f24c9d9dc832d35","When producers, importers or authorities test a sample for the unintended presence of GMOs, they usually do not know which GMO to expect. While EU authorities prefer an event-specific approach to this problem, US authorities rely on construct-specific test schemes.",2]
["How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","82_9","What are the pros and cons of using the DNA-based method for GMO contamination testing?","The construct-specific detection methods can either be DNA or protein based. DNA based detection looks for a part of the foreign DNA inserted in a GMO. For technical reasons, certain DNA sequences are shared by several GMOs. Protein-based methods detect the product of the transgene, for example the Bt toxin. Since different GMOs may produce the same protein, construct-specific detection can test a sample for several GMOs in one step, but is unable to tell precisely which of the similar GMOs are present. Especially in the USA, protein-based detection is used for the construct-specific approach.",4,null,"What is the DNA-based method for testing GMOs?","The construct-specific detection methods can either be DNA or protein based. DNA based detection looks for a part of the foreign DNA inserted in a GMO. For technical reasons, certain DNA sequences are shared by several GMOs. Protein-based methods detect the product of the transgene, for example the Bt toxin. Since different GMOs may produce the same protein, construct-specific detection can test a sample for several GMOs in one step, but is unable to tell precisely which of the similar GMOs are present. Especially in the USA, protein-based detection is used for the construct-specific approach.",4,null,"How is the DNA-based method used to detect GMO contamination?","The construct-specific detection methods can either be DNA or protein based. DNA based detection looks for a part of the foreign DNA inserted in a GMO. For technical reasons, certain DNA sequences are shared by several GMOs. Protein-based methods detect the product of the transgene, for example the Bt toxin. Since different GMOs may produce the same protein, construct-specific detection can test a sample for several GMOs in one step, but is unable to tell precisely which of the similar GMOs are present. Especially in the USA, protein-based detection is used for the construct-specific approach.",4,null,"How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","The method works by pairing the targeted genetic sequence with custom designed complementary bits of DNA called primers. In the presence of the target sequence, the primers match with it and trigger a chain reaction. DNA replication enzymes use the primers as docking points and start doubling the target sequences. The process is repeated over and over again by sequential heating and cooling until doubling and redoubling has multiplied the target sequence several million-fold. The millions of identical fragments are then purified in a slab of gel, dyed, and can be seen with UV light. It is not prone to contamination. Irrespective of the variety of methods used for DNA analysis, only PCR in its different formats has been widely applied in GMO detection/analysis and generally accepted for regulatory compliance purposes. Detection methods based on DNA rely on the complementarity of two strands of DNA double helix that hybridize in a sequence-specific manner. The DNA of GMO consists of several elements that govern its functioning. The elements are promoter sequence, structural gene and stop sequence for the gene.",4,null,17,false,"82_9_CAR_5669ae19c48aee4d3cb399c9fac8fb123be5aa7e","CAR_5669ae19c48aee4d3cb399c9fac8fb123be5aa7e","82_9_CAR_5669ae19c48aee4d3cb399c9fac8fb123be5aa7e","CAR_5669ae19c48aee4d3cb399c9fac8fb123be5aa7e","82_9_CAR_5669ae19c48aee4d3cb399c9fac8fb123be5aa7e","CAR_5669ae19c48aee4d3cb399c9fac8fb123be5aa7e",null,"How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331","82_9_CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331","The method works by pairing the targeted genetic sequence with custom designed complementary bits of DNA called primers. In the presence of the target sequence, the primers match with it and trigger a chain reaction. DNA replication enzymes use the primers as docking points and start doubling the target sequences. The process is repeated over and over again by sequential heating and cooling until doubling and redoubling has multiplied the target sequence several million-fold. The millions of identical fragments are then purified in a slab of gel, dyed, and can be seen with UV light. It is not prone to contamination. Irrespective of the variety of methods used for DNA analysis, only PCR in its different formats has been widely applied in GMO detection/analysis and generally accepted for regulatory compliance purposes. Detection methods based on DNA rely on the complementarity of two strands of DNA double helix that hybridize in a sequence-specific manner. The DNA of GMO consists of several elements that govern its functioning. The elements are promoter sequence, structural gene and stop sequence for the gene.",4]
["How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","82_9","What are the pros and cons of using the DNA-based method for GMO contamination testing?","Currently, it is highly unlikely that the presence of unexpected or even unknown GMOs will be detected, since either the DNA sequence of the transgene or its product, the protein, must be known for detection. In addition, even testing for known GMOs is time-consuming and costly, as current reliable detection methods can test for only one GMO at a time. Therefore, research programmes such as Co-Extra are developing improved and alternative testing methods, for example DNA microarrays.",4,null,"What is the DNA-based method for testing GMOs?","The method works by pairing the targeted genetic sequence with custom designed complementary bits of DNA called primers. In the presence of the target sequence, the primers match with it and trigger a chain reaction. DNA replication enzymes use the primers as docking points and start doubling the target sequences. The process is repeated over and over again by sequential heating and cooling until doubling and redoubling has multiplied the target sequence several million-fold. The millions of identical fragments are then purified in a slab of gel, dyed, and can be seen with UV light. It is not prone to contamination. Irrespective of the variety of methods used for DNA analysis, only PCR in its different formats has been widely applied in GMO detection/analysis and generally accepted for regulatory compliance purposes. Detection methods based on DNA rely on the complementarity of two strands of DNA double helix that hybridize in a sequence-specific manner. The DNA of GMO consists of several elements that govern its functioning. The elements are promoter sequence, structural gene and stop sequence for the gene.",4,null,"How is the DNA-based method used to detect GMO contamination?","The method works by pairing the targeted genetic sequence with custom designed complementary bits of DNA called primers. In the presence of the target sequence, the primers match with it and trigger a chain reaction. DNA replication enzymes use the primers as docking points and start doubling the target sequences. The process is repeated over and over again by sequential heating and cooling until doubling and redoubling has multiplied the target sequence several million-fold. The millions of identical fragments are then purified in a slab of gel, dyed, and can be seen with UV light. It is not prone to contamination. Irrespective of the variety of methods used for DNA analysis, only PCR in its different formats has been widely applied in GMO detection/analysis and generally accepted for regulatory compliance purposes. Detection methods based on DNA rely on the complementarity of two strands of DNA double helix that hybridize in a sequence-specific manner. The DNA of GMO consists of several elements that govern its functioning. The elements are promoter sequence, structural gene and stop sequence for the gene.",4,null,"How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","The construct-specific detection methods can either be DNA or protein based. DNA based detection looks for a part of the foreign DNA inserted in a GMO. For technical reasons, certain DNA sequences are shared by several GMOs. Protein-based methods detect the product of the transgene, for example the Bt toxin. Since different GMOs may produce the same protein, construct-specific detection can test a sample for several GMOs in one step, but is unable to tell precisely which of the similar GMOs are present. Especially in the USA, protein-based detection is used for the construct-specific approach.",4,null,17,false,"82_9_CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","82_9_CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331","CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331","82_9_CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331","CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331",null,"How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","CAR_5669ae19c48aee4d3cb399c9fac8fb123be5aa7e","82_9_CAR_5669ae19c48aee4d3cb399c9fac8fb123be5aa7e","The construct-specific detection methods can either be DNA or protein based. DNA based detection looks for a part of the foreign DNA inserted in a GMO. For technical reasons, certain DNA sequences are shared by several GMOs. Protein-based methods detect the product of the transgene, for example the Bt toxin. Since different GMOs may produce the same protein, construct-specific detection can test a sample for several GMOs in one step, but is unable to tell precisely which of the similar GMOs are present. Especially in the USA, protein-based detection is used for the construct-specific approach.",4]
["How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","82_9","What are the pros and cons of using the DNA-based method for GMO contamination testing?","The method works by pairing the targeted genetic sequence with custom designed complementary bits of DNA called primers. In the presence of the target sequence, the primers match with it and trigger a chain reaction. DNA replication enzymes use the primers as docking points and start doubling the target sequences. The process is repeated over and over again by sequential heating and cooling until doubling and redoubling has multiplied the target sequence several million-fold. The millions of identical fragments are then purified in a slab of gel, dyed, and can be seen with UV light. It is not prone to contamination. Irrespective of the variety of methods used for DNA analysis, only PCR in its different formats has been widely applied in GMO detection/analysis and generally accepted for regulatory compliance purposes. Detection methods based on DNA rely on the complementarity of two strands of DNA double helix that hybridize in a sequence-specific manner. The DNA of GMO consists of several elements that govern its functioning. The elements are promoter sequence, structural gene and stop sequence for the gene.",4,null,"What is the DNA-based method for testing GMOs?","Genetic modification involves insertion of foreign DNA into the nucleus of a normal cell where it integrates with the host DNA. Genetic analysis uses molecular techniques to detect the inserted transgenic DNA (GMO) in a sample. The method most commonly used for this purpose is PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). The PCR technique amplifies (copies) the DNA billions of times in order for detection and quantitation to be possible.",3,null,"How is the DNA-based method used to detect GMO contamination?","qPCR using reverse transcription (RT-qPCR) can be used to detect GMOs given its sensitivity and dynamic range in detecting DNA. Alternatives such as DNA or protein analysis are usually less sensitive. Specific primers are used that amplify not the transgene but the promoter, terminator or even intermediate sequences used during the process of engineering the vector. As the process of creating a transgenic plant normally leads to the insertion of more than one copy of the transgene its quantity is also commonly assessed. This is often carried out by relative quantification using a control gene from the treated species that is only present as a single copy.",4,null,"How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","Primers bind to an area of the DNA near or within the GMO sequence such that only this area of the DNA genome is amplified. Because the primers are specific to the transgenic DNA sequence and because the DNA is amplified many billion-fold in this process, PCR is a highly sensitive and specific GMO detection method. There are various ways to detect GM DNA in a sample, based on the structure of the foreign DNA sequence, or transgene.",3,null,17,false,"82_9_CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331","CAR_e134a98652b4935b8f13591fad796ff746095331","82_9_MARCO_480559","MARCO_480559","82_9_CAR_353921d2c03d87c16645cc856d51c6e8e3848007","CAR_353921d2c03d87c16645cc856d51c6e8e3848007",null,"How does the DNA-based method work for testing GMO contamination.","MARCO_480560","82_9_MARCO_480560","Primers bind to an area of the DNA near or within the GMO sequence such that only this area of the DNA genome is amplified. Because the primers are specific to the transgenic DNA sequence and because the DNA is amplified many billion-fold in this process, PCR is a highly sensitive and specific GMO detection method. There are various ways to detect GM DNA in a sample, based on the structure of the foreign DNA sequence, or transgene.",3]
["How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","82_10","Can Co-Extra make detecting GMO contamination more accurate?","Improving PCR based detection of GMOs is a further goal of the European research programme Co-Extra. Research is now underway to develop multiplex PCR methods that can simultaneously detect many different transgenic lines. Another major challenge is the increasing prevalence of transgenic crops with stacked traits. This refers to transgenic cultivars derived from crosses between transgenic parent lines, combining the transgenic traits of both parents. One GM maize variety now awaiting a decision by the European Commission, MON863 x MON810 x NK603, has three stacked traits. It is resistant to an herbicide and to two different kinds of insect pests. Some combined testing methods could give results that would triple the actual GM content of a sample containing this GMO.",4,null,"Does Co-Extra improve DNA-based GMO testing?","Currently, it is highly unlikely that the presence of unexpected or even unknown GMOs will be detected, since either the DNA sequence of the transgene or its product, the protein, must be known for detection. In addition, even testing for known GMOs is time-consuming and costly, as current reliable detection methods can test for only one GMO at a time. Therefore, research programmes such as Co-Extra are developing improved and alternative testing methods, for example DNA microarrays.",4,null,"How can Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination further?","Improving PCR based detection of GMOs is a further goal of the European research programme Co-Extra. Research is now underway to develop multiplex PCR methods that can simultaneously detect many different transgenic lines. Another major challenge is the increasing prevalence of transgenic crops with stacked traits. This refers to transgenic cultivars derived from crosses between transgenic parent lines, combining the transgenic traits of both parents. One GM maize variety now awaiting a decision by the European Commission, MON863 x MON810 x NK603, has three stacked traits. It is resistant to an herbicide and to two different kinds of insect pests. Some combined testing methods could give results that would triple the actual GM content of a sample containing this GMO.",4,null,"How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","Currently, it is highly unlikely that the presence of unexpected or even unknown GMOs will be detected, since either the DNA sequence of the transgene or its product, the protein, must be known for detection. In addition, even testing for known GMOs is time-consuming and costly, as current reliable detection methods can test for only one GMO at a time. Therefore, research programmes such as Co-Extra are developing improved and alternative testing methods, for example DNA microarrays.",4,null,18,true,"82_10_CAR_fa6845f7274f80985362fd9bbe9895e92a55189a","CAR_fa6845f7274f80985362fd9bbe9895e92a55189a","82_10_CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","82_10_CAR_fa6845f7274f80985362fd9bbe9895e92a55189a","CAR_fa6845f7274f80985362fd9bbe9895e92a55189a",null,"How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","82_10_CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","Currently, it is highly unlikely that the presence of unexpected or even unknown GMOs will be detected, since either the DNA sequence of the transgene or its product, the protein, must be known for detection. In addition, even testing for known GMOs is time-consuming and costly, as current reliable detection methods can test for only one GMO at a time. Therefore, research programmes such as Co-Extra are developing improved and alternative testing methods, for example DNA microarrays.",4]
["How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","82_10","Can Co-Extra make detecting GMO contamination more accurate?","Currently, it is highly unlikely that the presence of unexpected or even unknown GMOs will be detected, since either the DNA sequence of the transgene or its product, the protein, must be known for detection. In addition, even testing for known GMOs is time-consuming and costly, as current reliable detection methods can test for only one GMO at a time. Therefore, research programmes such as Co-Extra are developing improved and alternative testing methods, for example DNA microarrays.",4,null,"Does Co-Extra improve DNA-based GMO testing?","Improving PCR based detection of GMOs is a further goal of the European research programme Co-Extra. Research is now underway to develop multiplex PCR methods that can simultaneously detect many different transgenic lines. Another major challenge is the increasing prevalence of transgenic crops with stacked traits. This refers to transgenic cultivars derived from crosses between transgenic parent lines, combining the transgenic traits of both parents. One GM maize variety now awaiting a decision by the European Commission, MON863 x MON810 x NK603, has three stacked traits. It is resistant to an herbicide and to two different kinds of insect pests. Some combined testing methods could give results that would triple the actual GM content of a sample containing this GMO.",4,null,"How can Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination further?","Currently, it is highly unlikely that the presence of unexpected or even unknown GMOs will be detected, since either the DNA sequence of the transgene or its product, the protein, must be known for detection. In addition, even testing for known GMOs is time-consuming and costly, as current reliable detection methods can test for only one GMO at a time. Therefore, research programmes such as Co-Extra are developing improved and alternative testing methods, for example DNA microarrays.",4,null,"How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","Improving PCR based detection of GMOs is a further goal of the European research programme Co-Extra. Research is now underway to develop multiplex PCR methods that can simultaneously detect many different transgenic lines. Another major challenge is the increasing prevalence of transgenic crops with stacked traits. This refers to transgenic cultivars derived from crosses between transgenic parent lines, combining the transgenic traits of both parents. One GM maize variety now awaiting a decision by the European Commission, MON863 x MON810 x NK603, has three stacked traits. It is resistant to an herbicide and to two different kinds of insect pests. Some combined testing methods could give results that would triple the actual GM content of a sample containing this GMO.",4,null,18,true,"82_10_CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","82_10_CAR_fa6845f7274f80985362fd9bbe9895e92a55189a","CAR_fa6845f7274f80985362fd9bbe9895e92a55189a","82_10_CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35","CAR_5ec97f5bb36766ccac7617b4461075adea603c35",null,"How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","CAR_fa6845f7274f80985362fd9bbe9895e92a55189a","82_10_CAR_fa6845f7274f80985362fd9bbe9895e92a55189a","Improving PCR based detection of GMOs is a further goal of the European research programme Co-Extra. Research is now underway to develop multiplex PCR methods that can simultaneously detect many different transgenic lines. Another major challenge is the increasing prevalence of transgenic crops with stacked traits. This refers to transgenic cultivars derived from crosses between transgenic parent lines, combining the transgenic traits of both parents. One GM maize variety now awaiting a decision by the European Commission, MON863 x MON810 x NK603, has three stacked traits. It is resistant to an herbicide and to two different kinds of insect pests. Some combined testing methods could give results that would triple the actual GM content of a sample containing this GMO.",4]
["How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","82_10","Can Co-Extra make detecting GMO contamination more accurate?","While SIGMEA was focused on co-existence at the farm level, Co-Extra studies co-existence along the whole production chain, and has a second focus on the traceability of GMOs, since co-existence cannot work without traceability. To be able to monitor and enforce compliance with co-existence regulations, authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs.",0,null,"Does Co-Extra improve DNA-based GMO testing?","While SIGMEA was focused on co-existence at the farm level, Co-Extra studies co-existence along the whole production chain, and has a second focus on the traceability of GMOs, since co-existence cannot work without traceability. To be able to monitor and enforce compliance with co-existence regulations, authorities require the ability to trace, detect and identify GMOs.",0,null,"How can Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination further?","Whether or not a GMO is present in a sample can be tested by Q-PCR, but also by multiplex PCR. Multiplex PCR uses multiple, unique primer sets within a single PCR reaction to produce amplicons of varying sizes specific to different DNA sequences, i.e. different transgenes. By targeting multiple genes at once, additional information may be gained from a single test run that otherwise would require several times the reagents and more time to perform. Annealing temperatures for each of the primer sets must be optimized to work correctly within a single reaction, and amplicon sizes, i.e., their base pair length, should be different enough to form distinct bands when visualized by gel electrophoresis.",0,null,"How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","Whether or not a GMO is present in a sample can be tested by Q-PCR, but also by multiplex PCR. Multiplex PCR uses multiple, unique primer sets within a single PCR reaction to produce amplicons of varying sizes specific to different DNA sequences, i.e. different transgenes. By targeting multiple genes at once, additional information may be gained from a single test run that otherwise would require several times the reagents and more time to perform. Annealing temperatures for each of the primer sets must be optimized to work correctly within a single reaction, and amplicon sizes, i.e., their base pair length, should be different enough to form distinct bands when visualized by gel electrophoresis.",0,null,18,true,"82_10_CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","82_10_CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","CAR_99cb05a98306c63eaee8b93701d3058fa478e2ff","82_10_CAR_5f09f5da8af05523da3af51553191d7dbf4fff51","CAR_5f09f5da8af05523da3af51553191d7dbf4fff51",null,"How could Co-Extra improve DNA-based testing for GMO contamination?","CAR_5f09f5da8af05523da3af51553191d7dbf4fff51","82_10_CAR_5f09f5da8af05523da3af51553191d7dbf4fff51","Whether or not a GMO is present in a sample can be tested by Q-PCR, but also by multiplex PCR. Multiplex PCR uses multiple, unique primer sets within a single PCR reaction to produce amplicons of varying sizes specific to different DNA sequences, i.e. different transgenes. By targeting multiple genes at once, additional information may be gained from a single test run that otherwise would require several times the reagents and more time to perform. Annealing temperatures for each of the primer sets must be optimized to work correctly within a single reaction, and amplicon sizes, i.e., their base pair length, should be different enough to form distinct bands when visualized by gel electrophoresis.",0]
["What are some interesting facts about bees?","83_1","What are some mind-blowing facts about bees?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. 5  Honey never spoils.",3,null,"What are some awesome facts about bees?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. 5  Honey never spoils.",3,null,"What are the most unique facts about bees?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. 5  Honey never spoils.",3,null,"What are some interesting facts about bees?","Fun facts about bees: Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. Worker honeybees are female. The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. Honey never spoils. To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,19,false,"83_1_MARCO_270579","MARCO_270579","83_1_MARCO_270579","MARCO_270579","83_1_MARCO_270579","MARCO_270579",null,"What are some interesting facts about bees?","MARCO_270580","83_1_MARCO_270580","Fun facts about bees: Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. Worker honeybees are female. The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. Honey never spoils. To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3]
["What are some interesting facts about bees?","83_1","What are some mind-blowing facts about bees?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. 5  Honey never spoils. 6  To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,"What are some awesome facts about bees?","Fun facts about bees: Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. Worker honeybees are female. The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. Honey never spoils. To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,"What are the most unique facts about bees?","Fun facts about bees: Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. Worker honeybees are female. The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. Honey never spoils. To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,"What are some interesting facts about bees?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. 5  Honey never spoils.",3,null,19,false,"83_1_MARCO_270578","MARCO_270578","83_1_MARCO_270580","MARCO_270580","83_1_MARCO_270580","MARCO_270580",null,"What are some interesting facts about bees?","MARCO_270579","83_1_MARCO_270579","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. 5  Honey never spoils.",3]
["What are some interesting facts about bees?","83_1","What are some mind-blowing facts about bees?","Fun facts about bees: Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. Worker honeybees are female. The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. The queen bee can live to be 5 years old. Honey never spoils. To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,"What are some awesome facts about bees?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. 5  Honey never spoils. 6  To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,"What are the most unique facts about bees?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. 5  Honey never spoils. 6  To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,"What are some interesting facts about bees?","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. 5  Honey never spoils. 6  To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3,null,19,false,"83_1_MARCO_270580","MARCO_270580","83_1_MARCO_270578","MARCO_270578","83_1_MARCO_270578","MARCO_270578",null,"What are some interesting facts about bees?","MARCO_270578","83_1_MARCO_270578","Fun facts about bees: 1  Honeybees are the only insect that produces food eaten by humans. 2  Worker honeybees are female. 3  The average worker bee produces only 1/12 teaspoon of honey over her lifetime. 4  A worker bee lives about 6 weeks. 5  Honey never spoils. 6  To make one pound of honey, bees must visit 2 million flowers.",3]
["Why doesn't honey spoil?","83_2","Why does honey not rot?","The water content of honey is a key factor in why it doesnâ€™t spoil. At 17%, its water content is much lower than that of bacteria or fungi. Honey also has a low water activity; this is a measure of the amount of water in a substance that is available to support microbial growth.",3,null,"Why doesn't bee honey spoil?","The water content of honey is a key factor in why it doesnâ€™t spoil. At 17%, its water content is much lower than that of bacteria or fungi. Honey also has a low water activity; this is a measure of the amount of water in a substance that is available to support microbial growth.",3,null,"Why does honey from bees not spoil?","The water content of honey is a key factor in why it doesnâ€™t spoil. At 17%, its water content is much lower than that of bacteria or fungi. Honey also has a low water activity; this is a measure of the amount of water in a substance that is available to support microbial growth.",3,null,"Why doesn't honey spoil?","The water content of honey is a key factor in why it doesnâ€™t spoil. At 17%, its water content is much lower than that of bacteria or fungi. Honey also has a low water activity; this is a measure of the amount of water in a substance that is available to support microbial growth.",3,null,20,true,"83_2_MARCO_7679417","MARCO_7679417","83_2_MARCO_7679417","MARCO_7679417","83_2_MARCO_7679417","MARCO_7679417",null,"Why doesn't honey spoil?","MARCO_7679417","83_2_MARCO_7679417","The water content of honey is a key factor in why it doesnâ€™t spoil. At 17%, its water content is much lower than that of bacteria or fungi. Honey also has a low water activity; this is a measure of the amount of water in a substance that is available to support microbial growth.",3]
["Why doesn't honey spoil?","83_2","Why does honey not rot?","Most microorganisms do not grow in honey, so sealed honey does not spoil, even after thousands of years. However, honey sometimes contains dormant endospores of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which can be dangerous to babies, as it may result in botulism.",2,null,"Why doesn't bee honey spoil?","The nectar collected is what the worker bee uses to make honey. So the bee arrives at a flower, and proceeds to drink as much nectar as she can hold. She then passes the nectar to another worker bee (the nectar is held on her tongue) so the water in it can evaporate. This way it is highly concentrated, and never spoils. Seriously, the honey bee is brilliant!",3,null,"Why does honey from bees not spoil?","The nectar collected is what the worker bee uses to make honey. So the bee arrives at a flower, and proceeds to drink as much nectar as she can hold. She then passes the nectar to another worker bee (the nectar is held on her tongue) so the water in it can evaporate. This way it is highly concentrated, and never spoils. Seriously, the honey bee is brilliant!",3,null,"Why doesn't honey spoil?","Very few bacteria or microorganisms can survive in an environment like that, they just die. Theyâ€™re smothered by it, essentially.â€\u009d What Harris points out represents an important feature of honeyâ€™s longevity: for honey to spoil, there needs to be something inside of it that can spoil. With such an inhospitable environment, organisms canâ€™t survive long enough within the jar of honey to have the chance to spoil. Honey is also naturally extremely acidic. â€œIt has a pH that falls between 3 and 4.5, approximately, and that acid will kill off almost anything that wants to grow there,â€\u009d Harris explains.",3,null,20,true,"83_2_MARCO_5528533","MARCO_5528533","83_2_MARCO_1954594","MARCO_1954594","83_2_MARCO_1954594","MARCO_1954594",null,"Why doesn't honey spoil?","MARCO_6987560","83_2_MARCO_6987560","Very few bacteria or microorganisms can survive in an environment like that, they just die. Theyâ€™re smothered by it, essentially.â€\u009d What Harris points out represents an important feature of honeyâ€™s longevity: for honey to spoil, there needs to be something inside of it that can spoil. With such an inhospitable environment, organisms canâ€™t survive long enough within the jar of honey to have the chance to spoil. Honey is also naturally extremely acidic. â€œIt has a pH that falls between 3 and 4.5, approximately, and that acid will kill off almost anything that wants to grow there,â€\u009d Harris explains.",3]
["Why doesn't honey spoil?","83_2","Why does honey not rot?","Honey gets its sweetness from the monosaccharides fructose and glucose, and has about the same relative sweetness as granulated sugar. It has attractive chemical properties for baking and a distinctive flavor that leads some people to prefer it to sugar and other sweeteners. Most microorganisms do not grow in honey, so sealed honey does not spoil, even after thousands of years. However, honey sometimes contains dormant endospores of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which can be dangerous to babies, as it may result in botulism.",2,null,"Why doesn't bee honey spoil?","Very few bacteria or microorganisms can survive in an environment like that, they just die. Theyâ€™re smothered by it, essentially.â€\u009d What Harris points out represents an important feature of honeyâ€™s longevity: for honey to spoil, there needs to be something inside of it that can spoil. With such an inhospitable environment, organisms canâ€™t survive long enough within the jar of honey to have the chance to spoil. Honey is also naturally extremely acidic. â€œIt has a pH that falls between 3 and 4.5, approximately, and that acid will kill off almost anything that wants to grow there,â€\u009d Harris explains.",3,null,"Why does honey from bees not spoil?","Very few bacteria or microorganisms can survive in an environment like that, they just die. Theyâ€™re smothered by it, essentially.â€\u009d What Harris points out represents an important feature of honeyâ€™s longevity: for honey to spoil, there needs to be something inside of it that can spoil. With such an inhospitable environment, organisms canâ€™t survive long enough within the jar of honey to have the chance to spoil. Honey is also naturally extremely acidic. â€œIt has a pH that falls between 3 and 4.5, approximately, and that acid will kill off almost anything that wants to grow there,â€\u009d Harris explains.",3,null,"Why doesn't honey spoil?","Most microorganisms do not grow in honey, so sealed honey does not spoil, even after thousands of years. However, honey sometimes contains dormant endospores of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which can be dangerous to babies, as it may result in botulism.",2,null,20,true,"83_2_CAR_b3350940f291def175d451a13d377ca7b0b606af","CAR_b3350940f291def175d451a13d377ca7b0b606af","83_2_MARCO_6987560","MARCO_6987560","83_2_MARCO_6987560","MARCO_6987560",null,"Why doesn't honey spoil?","MARCO_5528533","83_2_MARCO_5528533","Most microorganisms do not grow in honey, so sealed honey does not spoil, even after thousands of years. However, honey sometimes contains dormant endospores of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which can be dangerous to babies, as it may result in botulism.",2]
["Why are so many bees dying?","83_3","Why are the bees dying?","Bees are dying at an alarming rate, and possibly because of manmade climate change; their demise might make growing the food we eat impossible. We have constructed a cultural life that forces the pressing questions of the environment and food supply outside of our field of view, and abdicated our own responsibilities to nature in favor of unsustainable, constant stimulation.",2,null,"Why do bees die?","Often the bee colony will die over the winter, usually due. to insufficient population to maintain adequate temperature for the bees to survive; insufficient. reserves of honey, so the colony starves to death over winter; or the colony succumbs to parasitic mites.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Why are bees dying?","Bees are dying at an alarming rate, and possibly because of manmade climate change; their demise might make growing the food we eat impossible. We have constructed a cultural life that forces the pressing questions of the environment and food supply outside of our field of view, and abdicated our own responsibilities to nature in favor of unsustainable, constant stimulation.",2,null,"Why are so many bees dying?","Some researchers, beekeepers and journalists have argued that migratory beekeeping is one of the primary reasons that so many bees die each winter as well as an explanation for colony collapse disorder (CCD)â€”the sudden and mysterious disappearance of an entire hive's residents, save for the queen and a few stragglers.",3,null,21,false,"83_3_MARCO_3867577","MARCO_3867577","83_3_MARCO_6680684","MARCO_6680684","83_3_MARCO_3867577","MARCO_3867577",null,"Why are so many bees dying?","MARCO_4725320","83_3_MARCO_4725320","Some researchers, beekeepers and journalists have argued that migratory beekeeping is one of the primary reasons that so many bees die each winter as well as an explanation for colony collapse disorder (CCD)â€”the sudden and mysterious disappearance of an entire hive's residents, save for the queen and a few stragglers.",3]
["Why are so many bees dying?","83_3","Why are the bees dying?","In the 1990s, beekeepers started recording major losses of worker honeybees during the winter months. Since then, there have been mass die offs in many of the other 4,000 species of bees. In 2006, the phenomenon was bestowed with the name colony collapse disorder. No one is exactly sure why the bees are dying off in unprecedented numbers, but some theories include the loss of flower meadows, varroa mites that eat the beesâ€™ blood, climate change, and the use of pesticides. Thankfully, bees are a long way from becoming extinct.",3,null,"Why do bees die?","We return to our Just Ask feature, where experts tackle your questions on science and technology. Why do honeybees die when they sting? When a honeybee stings, it dies a gruesome death. The beeâ€™s stinger is structured in such a way that once it punctures human skin, the bee canâ€™t yank it out without self-amputating.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why are bees dying?","In the 1990s, beekeepers started recording major losses of worker honeybees during the winter months. Since then, there have been mass die offs in many of the other 4,000 species of bees. In 2006, the phenomenon was bestowed with the name colony collapse disorder. No one is exactly sure why the bees are dying off in unprecedented numbers, but some theories include the loss of flower meadows, varroa mites that eat the beesâ€™ blood, climate change, and the use of pesticides. Thankfully, bees are a long way from becoming extinct.",3,null,"Why are so many bees dying?","Bees are dying at an alarming rate, and possibly because of manmade climate change; their demise might make growing the food we eat impossible. We have constructed a cultural life that forces the pressing questions of the environment and food supply outside of our field of view, and abdicated our own responsibilities to nature in favor of unsustainable, constant stimulation.",2,null,21,false,"83_3_MARCO_4812753","MARCO_4812753","83_3_MARCO_5959874","MARCO_5959874","83_3_MARCO_4812753","MARCO_4812753",null,"Why are so many bees dying?","MARCO_3867577","83_3_MARCO_3867577","Bees are dying at an alarming rate, and possibly because of manmade climate change; their demise might make growing the food we eat impossible. We have constructed a cultural life that forces the pressing questions of the environment and food supply outside of our field of view, and abdicated our own responsibilities to nature in favor of unsustainable, constant stimulation.",2]
["Why are so many bees dying?","83_3","Why are the bees dying?","Colony collapse disorder is not the only possible culprit for why bee populations are in flux. The big specter looming over the hives? Climate change. Which might explain why, in the last few months, the text string â€œbees are dying globally at an alarming rateâ€\u009d is appearing more and more frequently on social media. One of the first recent tweets to use the global bee die-off as a punch line, albeit in slightly altered form, appeared last September during the Popeâ€™s visit to the United States, when @topshelftyson posted:",2,null,"Why do bees die?","1 Killer bees have been known to chase people for over a 1/4 mile once they get excited and aggressive.  Certain species of bees die after stinging because their stingers, which are attached to their abdomen, have little barbs or hooks on them. When this type of bee tries to fly away after stinging something, part of the abdomen is ripped away.",0,null,"Why are bees dying?","Colony collapse disorder is not the only possible culprit for why bee populations are in flux. The big specter looming over the hives? Climate change. Which might explain why, in the last few months, the text string â€œbees are dying globally at an alarming rateâ€\u009d is appearing more and more frequently on social media. One of the first recent tweets to use the global bee die-off as a punch line, albeit in slightly altered form, appeared last September during the Popeâ€™s visit to the United States, when @topshelftyson posted:",2,null,"Why are so many bees dying?","In the 1990s, beekeepers started recording major losses of worker honeybees during the winter months. Since then, there have been mass die offs in many of the other 4,000 species of bees. In 2006, the phenomenon was bestowed with the name colony collapse disorder. No one is exactly sure why the bees are dying off in unprecedented numbers, but some theories include the loss of flower meadows, varroa mites that eat the beesâ€™ blood, climate change, and the use of pesticides. Thankfully, bees are a long way from becoming extinct.",3,null,21,false,"83_3_MARCO_3867573","MARCO_3867573","83_3_MARCO_6551913","MARCO_6551913","83_3_MARCO_3867573","MARCO_3867573",null,"Why are so many bees dying?","MARCO_4812753","83_3_MARCO_4812753","In the 1990s, beekeepers started recording major losses of worker honeybees during the winter months. Since then, there have been mass die offs in many of the other 4,000 species of bees. In 2006, the phenomenon was bestowed with the name colony collapse disorder. No one is exactly sure why the bees are dying off in unprecedented numbers, but some theories include the loss of flower meadows, varroa mites that eat the beesâ€™ blood, climate change, and the use of pesticides. Thankfully, bees are a long way from becoming extinct.",3]
["What can be done to stop bees from dying?","83_4","How do I prevent bees from dying?","1 Ensure all used beekeeping tools and supplies are free from residues of pollen, wax, propolis, honey and comb. 2  If it cannot be properly cleaned, then do not use it. 3  Do not use out-of-date, second hand medications, feeds or other substances in your bee hive or on your bees.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How can I save bees from dying?","Lisa attempts to convince the town to save the bee population, but despite her logical protest that they always get into trouble when they ignore her advice, she fails when Burns informs everyone about the amazing features of his arena and threatens to trade the Excitement's recent draft pick and fan favorite, Alaskan native and Eskimo Muk Mu. Lisa becomes depressed that the bee population is slowly dying. Homer and Moe attempt to help save the bees by mating a queen bee from Lisa's hive with Moe's Africanized bees to create a hybrid bee species strong enough to survive anywhere. On the night of the grand opening of Burns' sports arena, Homer takes Lisa to the top of a hill and shows her the hive containing the hybrid bees. When Homer accidentally releases them, the bees attack Burns' arena which resembles a bee hive. In the end, the arena is declared a bee sanctuary, enabling the bees to survive. At the next billionaires' retreat, Mr. Burns reveals how much the bees cost him. After it is discovered that he is four million dollars short of a billion he is kicked out of the retreat and into the millionaires' camp. Much to his horror, these millionaires got rich thanks to their low-class businesses, such as a minor-league hockey team.",1,null,"What should be done to stop bees from dying?","Spraying the hive with a solution of soap and water may be effective, since soap dissolves the bees' waxy exterior that protects them from drowning. However, the procedure should be undertaken with caution, as it angers the bees.",0,null,"What can be done to stop bees from dying?","Deterring Bees from Approaching an Area. 1  1. Drive bees away with smoke. Bees will flee from smoke, or become dazed and less aggressive if they inhale too much. 2  2. Use mothballs. Mothballs contain a powerful pesticide that can drive away or kill many insects, including bees. 3  3. Use bitter almond oil.",0,null,22,true,"83_4_MARCO_1005763","MARCO_1005763","83_4_CAR_2f9c2ad39769d1fcf36cd73a6e27aea2cf1c8632","CAR_2f9c2ad39769d1fcf36cd73a6e27aea2cf1c8632","83_4_CAR_a9d9e8beff8b042a42e4555f87157c3726a6eae0","CAR_a9d9e8beff8b042a42e4555f87157c3726a6eae0",null,"What can be done to stop bees from dying?","MARCO_6497563","83_4_MARCO_6497563","Deterring Bees from Approaching an Area. 1  1. Drive bees away with smoke. Bees will flee from smoke, or become dazed and less aggressive if they inhale too much. 2  2. Use mothballs. Mothballs contain a powerful pesticide that can drive away or kill many insects, including bees. 3  3. Use bitter almond oil.",0]
["What can be done to stop bees from dying?","83_4","How do I prevent bees from dying?","According to Virgil in the fourth Georgic, at one time the bees of Aristaeus, son of Apollo, all died of a disease. Aristaeus went to his mother, Cyrene, for help; she told him that Proteus could tell him how to prevent another such disaster, but would do so only if compelled. Aristaeus had to seize Proteus and hold him, no matter what he would change into. Aristaeus did so, and Proteus eventually gave up and told him that the bees' death was a punishment for causing the death of Eurydice. To make amends, Aristaeus needed to sacrifice 12 animals to the gods, leave the carcasses in the place of sacrifice, and return three days later. He followed these instructions, and upon returning, he found in one of the carcasses a swarm of bees which he took to his apiary. The bees were never again troubled by disease.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How can I save bees from dying?","I hope youâ€™ll consider trying one or more of these bee-friendly steps, in order from least to most commitment: 1  Leave weeds like dandelions and clover in your yard as a tasty snack for local bees. 2  Keep pesticides out of your garden and yard, as these chemicals can harm the hives. 3  Plant a bee garden! 4  Host a beehive.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What should be done to stop bees from dying?","Apart from colony collapse disorder, losses outside the US have been attributed to causes including pesticide seed dressings, such as Clothianidin, Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam. From 2013 the European Union restricted some pesticides to stop bee populations from declining further. In 2014 the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report warned that bees faced increased risk of extinction because of global warming.",2,null,"What can be done to stop bees from dying?","Apart from colony collapse disorder, losses outside the US have been attributed to causes including pesticide seed dressings, such as Clothianidin, Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam. From 2013 the European Union restricted some pesticides to stop bee populations from declining further. In 2014 the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report warned that bees faced increased risk of extinction because of global warming.",2,null,22,true,"83_4_CAR_863216788b059af43536acdb7f1f45eb84d724c5","CAR_863216788b059af43536acdb7f1f45eb84d724c5","83_4_MARCO_1865511","MARCO_1865511","83_4_CAR_c958838409329f1769a2405cdad603409be55c94","CAR_c958838409329f1769a2405cdad603409be55c94",null,"What can be done to stop bees from dying?","CAR_c958838409329f1769a2405cdad603409be55c94","83_4_CAR_c958838409329f1769a2405cdad603409be55c94","Apart from colony collapse disorder, losses outside the US have been attributed to causes including pesticide seed dressings, such as Clothianidin, Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam. From 2013 the European Union restricted some pesticides to stop bee populations from declining further. In 2014 the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report warned that bees faced increased risk of extinction because of global warming.",2]
["What can be done to stop bees from dying?","83_4","How do I prevent bees from dying?","Step 5 Pick your flowers. To prevent bees from buzzing near your house, reduce the amount of flowering plants you keep on your porch or in other areas of your yard that are near doors and windows. Quick Tip: Some people say that hanging mothballs in pantyhose in your yard will repel bees.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How can I save bees from dying?","As a concerned consumer, thereâ€™s lots more you can do to help the bees, Deb. 1  I hope youâ€™ll consider trying one or more of these bee-friendly steps, in order from least to most commitment: 2  Leave weeds like dandelions and clover in your yard as a tasty snack for local bees.",2,null,"What should be done to stop bees from dying?","The bees need you. Honeybee colonies are dying at frightening rates. Since 2007, an average of 30% of all colonies have died every winter in the United States. This loss is about twice as high as what U.S. beekeepers consider economically tolerable.In the winter of 2012-13, 29% of all colonies died in Canada and 20% died in Europe.mpact Your World: What you can do to help save bees. Honeybees and wild bees are the most important pollinators of many of the fruits and vegetables we eat. Of 100 crop species that provide 90% of our global food supply, 71 are bee-pollinated.",1,null,"What can be done to stop bees from dying?","The bees need you. Honeybee colonies are dying at frightening rates. Since 2007, an average of 30% of all colonies have died every winter in the United States. This loss is about twice as high as what U.S. beekeepers consider economically tolerable.In the winter of 2012-13, 29% of all colonies died in Canada and 20% died in Europe.mpact Your World: What you can do to help save bees. Honeybees and wild bees are the most important pollinators of many of the fruits and vegetables we eat. Of 100 crop species that provide 90% of our global food supply, 71 are bee-pollinated.",1,null,22,true,"83_4_MARCO_3481678","MARCO_3481678","83_4_MARCO_1865506","MARCO_1865506","83_4_MARCO_1881748","MARCO_1881748",null,"What can be done to stop bees from dying?","MARCO_1881748","83_4_MARCO_1881748","The bees need you. Honeybee colonies are dying at frightening rates. Since 2007, an average of 30% of all colonies have died every winter in the United States. This loss is about twice as high as what U.S. beekeepers consider economically tolerable.In the winter of 2012-13, 29% of all colonies died in Canada and 20% died in Europe.mpact Your World: What you can do to help save bees. Honeybees and wild bees are the most important pollinators of many of the fruits and vegetables we eat. Of 100 crop species that provide 90% of our global food supply, 71 are bee-pollinated.",1]
["What has happened to bee habitat?","83_5","What exactly happened to bees' habitat?","Due to recent decades of agricultural intensification in Europe, the natural habitat of B. muscorum has been largely diminished. Many of the permanent flower-rich areas where the bee commonly forages have been destroyed by increased commercial farming. B. muscorum has poor dispersal ability compared to other species of bumblebee, making it more vulnerable to habitat loss. As a result, populations have decreased dramatically in recent decades.",3,null,"What really happened to bees' habitat?","Bees and other pollinators face a higher risk of extinction due to loss of habitat and access to natural food sources. The global dependency on livestock and agriculture has rendered no less than 50% of the earths landmass uninhabitable for bees. The agricultural practice of planting one crop (monoculture) in a given area year after year leads to extreme malnourishment. Regardless if the planted crop does flower and provide food for the bee, the bee will still be malnourished because a single plant cannot meet the nutrient requirements. Furthermore, the crops needed to support livestock (primarily cattle) tend to be grains which do not provide nectar.",3,null,"How and why did the bee habitat evolve in recent days?","Due to recent decades of agricultural intensification in Europe, the natural habitat of B. muscorum has been largely diminished. Many of the permanent flower-rich areas where the bee commonly forages have been destroyed by increased commercial farming. B. muscorum has poor dispersal ability compared to other species of bumblebee, making it more vulnerable to habitat loss. As a result, populations have decreased dramatically in recent decades.",3,null,"What has happened to bee habitat?","Due to recent decades of agricultural intensification in Europe, the natural habitat of B. muscorum has been largely diminished. Many of the permanent flower-rich areas where the bee commonly forages have been destroyed by increased commercial farming. B. muscorum has poor dispersal ability compared to other species of bumblebee, making it more vulnerable to habitat loss. As a result, populations have decreased dramatically in recent decades.",3,null,23,false,"83_5_CAR_a3db5350b07c68a4f6d7d043c29078e716b3095e","CAR_a3db5350b07c68a4f6d7d043c29078e716b3095e","83_5_CAR_d256bd4b2070f4b09ff1de021d6679070df6b2e3","CAR_d256bd4b2070f4b09ff1de021d6679070df6b2e3","83_5_CAR_a3db5350b07c68a4f6d7d043c29078e716b3095e","CAR_a3db5350b07c68a4f6d7d043c29078e716b3095e",null,"What has happened to bee habitat?","CAR_a3db5350b07c68a4f6d7d043c29078e716b3095e","83_5_CAR_a3db5350b07c68a4f6d7d043c29078e716b3095e","Due to recent decades of agricultural intensification in Europe, the natural habitat of B. muscorum has been largely diminished. Many of the permanent flower-rich areas where the bee commonly forages have been destroyed by increased commercial farming. B. muscorum has poor dispersal ability compared to other species of bumblebee, making it more vulnerable to habitat loss. As a result, populations have decreased dramatically in recent decades.",3]
["What has happened to bee habitat?","83_5","What exactly happened to bees' habitat?","The largest threat facing B. frigidus is climate change, as these bees inhabit a specialized climate. As temperature rises, the bees may be driven either farther north or to extinction. With increasing temperatures, snow does not pack as tightly. This leads to earlier melting, and during the summer, water isn’t as readily available. This causes the habitat to dry out and fewer plants bloom, thus reducing nectar supply for the bees.",3,null,"What really happened to bees' habitat?","The main threat to the species is habitat loss. Damage to the habitat has occurred via development, the introduction of nonnative plants and animals, agriculture, recreational activity, and fire. Natural disasters such as hurricanes are also a threat to the habitat. This and other rare Hylaeus bee species were once \"widespread\" in Hawaii.",4,null,"How and why did the bee habitat evolve in recent days?","In recent years, many countries have seen decreases in bee populations, specifically bumblebees. Some possible explanations could include habitat fragmentation, climate change, disease, agrochemicals, and other factors. As stated previously, B. ruderatus has seen a population decline in Britain and has disappeared completely from many of its previous sites. Declines in bee populations can lead to other ecological issues, such as declines in the success of plant species that rely on their pollination.",2,null,"What has happened to bee habitat?","The main threat to the species is habitat loss. Damage to the habitat has occurred via development, the introduction of nonnative plants and animals, agriculture, recreational activity, and fire. Natural disasters such as hurricanes are also a threat to the habitat. This and other rare Hylaeus bee species were once \"widespread\" in Hawaii.",4,null,23,false,"83_5_CAR_0bae4b6568c48f3334c3eb5721680c2b6d9f286d","CAR_0bae4b6568c48f3334c3eb5721680c2b6d9f286d","83_5_CAR_43786a3f70ef26040df62cdb45b14e7f49a2e1a2","CAR_43786a3f70ef26040df62cdb45b14e7f49a2e1a2","83_5_CAR_02d2a3d5a65f2fa7a45c10ec0b63bd4388e15a7d","CAR_02d2a3d5a65f2fa7a45c10ec0b63bd4388e15a7d",null,"What has happened to bee habitat?","CAR_43786a3f70ef26040df62cdb45b14e7f49a2e1a2","83_5_CAR_43786a3f70ef26040df62cdb45b14e7f49a2e1a2","The main threat to the species is habitat loss. Damage to the habitat has occurred via development, the introduction of nonnative plants and animals, agriculture, recreational activity, and fire. Natural disasters such as hurricanes are also a threat to the habitat. This and other rare Hylaeus bee species were once \"widespread\" in Hawaii.",4]
["What has happened to bee habitat?","83_5","What exactly happened to bees' habitat?","The main threat to the species is habitat loss. Damage to the habitat has occurred via development, the introduction of nonnative plants and animals, agriculture, recreational activity, and fire. Natural disasters such as hurricanes are also a threat to the habitat. This and other rare Hylaeus bee species were once \"widespread\" in Hawaii.",4,null,"What really happened to bees' habitat?","The largest threat facing B. frigidus is climate change, as these bees inhabit a specialized climate. As temperature rises, the bees may be driven either farther north or to extinction. With increasing temperatures, snow does not pack as tightly. This leads to earlier melting, and during the summer, water isn’t as readily available. This causes the habitat to dry out and fewer plants bloom, thus reducing nectar supply for the bees.",3,null,"How and why did the bee habitat evolve in recent days?","Bees are known to affect plant evolution by spreading pollen and preferring to pollinate some types of plants over others. Because scientists assume that bees have essentially always been around, pollinating plants and creating new species, it has been a mystery why the bee fossil record only dated back about 65 million years.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What has happened to bee habitat?","The species has been classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. The bee is already rare with geographically separated populations, and available high-mountain habitat is shrinking due to climate change. Its parasitic lifestyle also makes it susceptible to indirect damage from population reductions in its host species.",3,null,23,false,"83_5_CAR_43786a3f70ef26040df62cdb45b14e7f49a2e1a2","CAR_43786a3f70ef26040df62cdb45b14e7f49a2e1a2","83_5_CAR_0bae4b6568c48f3334c3eb5721680c2b6d9f286d","CAR_0bae4b6568c48f3334c3eb5721680c2b6d9f286d","83_5_MARCO_8314666","MARCO_8314666",null,"What has happened to bee habitat?","CAR_7ec535679932fa0dbc92cf07cdcf5dd9295c7122","83_5_CAR_7ec535679932fa0dbc92cf07cdcf5dd9295c7122","The species has been classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. The bee is already rare with geographically separated populations, and available high-mountain habitat is shrinking due to climate change. Its parasitic lifestyle also makes it susceptible to indirect damage from population reductions in its host species.",3]
["What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","83_6","How can we protect the habitats of bees?","The best way to do this is to provide a diversity of flowers blooming over a long season that are attractive to bees and that are protected from pesticide spray and drift. In the words of Dr. Marla Spivak, MacArthur â€œGeniusâ€\u009d award winner: There are two things each and every one of us can do to help bee populations.",2,null,"What can I do to provide a habitat for bees?","Plant a Bee Garden â€“ Create an oasis for bees and other pollinators. More and more gardeners are anxious to do their part to help the bees by adding to the shrinking inventory of flower-rich habitat in their area. You can create a â€˜bee gardenâ€™. In return, the bees will pollinate your flowers, providing a bountiful harvest of fruits, seeds and vegetables as well as the joy of watching them up close. Here are some helpful tips to keep in mind as you grow your bee garden: Rethink your lawn. Replace part or all of your front lawn grass with flowering plants, which provides food and habitat for honey bees, bumble bees, solitary bees, butterflies and other pollinators.",3,null,"What can I do to help solve the bee habitat problem?","Plant a Bee Garden â€“ Create an oasis for bees and other pollinators. More and more gardeners are anxious to do their part to help the bees by adding to the shrinking inventory of flower-rich habitat in their area. You can create a â€˜bee gardenâ€™. In return, the bees will pollinate your flowers, providing a bountiful harvest of fruits, seeds and vegetables as well as the joy of watching them up close. Here are some helpful tips to keep in mind as you grow your bee garden: Rethink your lawn. Replace part or all of your front lawn grass with flowering plants, which provides food and habitat for honey bees, bumble bees, solitary bees, butterflies and other pollinators.",3,null,"What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","Plant a Bee Garden â€“ Create an oasis for bees and other pollinators. More and more gardeners are anxious to do their part to help the bees by adding to the shrinking inventory of flower-rich habitat in their area. You can create a â€˜bee gardenâ€™. In return, the bees will pollinate your flowers, providing a bountiful harvest of fruits, seeds and vegetables as well as the joy of watching them up close. Here are some helpful tips to keep in mind as you grow your bee garden: Rethink your lawn. Replace part or all of your front lawn grass with flowering plants, which provides food and habitat for honey bees, bumble bees, solitary bees, butterflies and other pollinators.",3,null,24,true,"83_6_MARCO_7672257","MARCO_7672257","83_6_MARCO_5268578","MARCO_5268578","83_6_MARCO_5268578","MARCO_5268578",null,"What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","MARCO_5268578","83_6_MARCO_5268578","Plant a Bee Garden â€“ Create an oasis for bees and other pollinators. More and more gardeners are anxious to do their part to help the bees by adding to the shrinking inventory of flower-rich habitat in their area. You can create a â€˜bee gardenâ€™. In return, the bees will pollinate your flowers, providing a bountiful harvest of fruits, seeds and vegetables as well as the joy of watching them up close. Here are some helpful tips to keep in mind as you grow your bee garden: Rethink your lawn. Replace part or all of your front lawn grass with flowering plants, which provides food and habitat for honey bees, bumble bees, solitary bees, butterflies and other pollinators.",3]
["What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","83_6","How can we protect the habitats of bees?","Plant a Bee Garden â€“ Create an oasis for bees and other pollinators. More and more gardeners are anxious to do their part to help the bees by adding to the shrinking inventory of flower-rich habitat in their area. You can create a â€˜bee gardenâ€™. In return, the bees will pollinate your flowers, providing a bountiful harvest of fruits, seeds and vegetables as well as the joy of watching them up close. Here are some helpful tips to keep in mind as you grow your bee garden: Rethink your lawn. Replace part or all of your front lawn grass with flowering plants, which provides food and habitat for honey bees, bumble bees, solitary bees, butterflies and other pollinators.",3,null,"What can I do to provide a habitat for bees?","Bees need flowers for sustenance, and flowers need bees for pollination. But it's important the flowers you grow provide the food bees need. You can also help your garden wildlife by creating dead wood habitats, or with our top four jobs for wildlife in autumn. Great flowers start with pollination, and for that you need bees.",2,null,"What can I do to help solve the bee habitat problem?","The best way to do this is to provide a diversity of flowers blooming over a long season that are attractive to bees and that are protected from pesticide spray and drift. In the words of Dr. Marla Spivak, MacArthur â€œGeniusâ€\u009d award winner: There are two things each and every one of us can do to help bee populations.",2,null,"What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","Bees need flowers for sustenance, and flowers need bees for pollination. But it's important the flowers you grow provide the food bees need. You can also help your garden wildlife by creating dead wood habitats, or with our top four jobs for wildlife in autumn. Great flowers start with pollination, and for that you need bees.",2,null,24,true,"83_6_MARCO_5268578","MARCO_5268578","83_6_MARCO_5536336","MARCO_5536336","83_6_MARCO_7672257","MARCO_7672257",null,"What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","MARCO_5536336","83_6_MARCO_5536336","Bees need flowers for sustenance, and flowers need bees for pollination. But it's important the flowers you grow provide the food bees need. You can also help your garden wildlife by creating dead wood habitats, or with our top four jobs for wildlife in autumn. Great flowers start with pollination, and for that you need bees.",2]
["What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","83_6","How can we protect the habitats of bees?","Recently, the European Union has introduced agri-environment plans that can be used to pay farmers to manage their land in a way that benefits bee species. Britain adopted the Environmental Stewardship scheme with the goal of enhancing the supply of pollen and nectar sources for bumblebees. These plans hope to counteract some of the issues that commercial developments have caused. For example, intense crop management with decreased mixed farming has led to “botanical simplification” of habitats, which may have contributed to decreased bumblebee populations by decreasing the quality and quantity of resources and habitats.",0,null,"What can I do to provide a habitat for bees?","Bumblebee species that nest above ground will make their homes in grass tussocks, piles of debris, or other cavities. Most of the remaining bee species nest in tunnels in twigs, plant stems, and in tree stumps and snags. Provide natural nesting habitat for bees by leaving dead trees in place when possible.",2,null,"What can I do to help solve the bee habitat problem?","Thoroughly disinfect the area where the swarming bees had settled. The residue left behind by the colony can attract other bees, resulting in a repeating problem. Spray expanding polyurethane foam spray in crevasses and holes where the bees had settled.Bees often look for certain characteristics in habitats, and if one colony liked a location near your home, chances are others will too. Sealing off these locations can help rid your home of swarming bees long term.horoughly disinfect the area where the swarming bees had settled. The residue left behind by the colony can attract other bees, resulting in a repeating problem. Spray expanding polyurethane foam spray in crevasses and holes where the bees had settled.",0,null,"What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","The best way to do this is to provide a diversity of flowers blooming over a long season that are attractive to bees and that are protected from pesticide spray and drift. In the words of Dr. Marla Spivak, MacArthur â€œGeniusâ€\u009d award winner: There are two things each and every one of us can do to help bee populations.",2,null,24,true,"83_6_CAR_2344e7f5ce86b1675be1d9197bef32cbdef5682e","CAR_2344e7f5ce86b1675be1d9197bef32cbdef5682e","83_6_MARCO_6964371","MARCO_6964371","83_6_MARCO_1349245","MARCO_1349245",null,"What can I do to help provide a habitat for bees?","MARCO_7672257","83_6_MARCO_7672257","The best way to do this is to provide a diversity of flowers blooming over a long season that are attractive to bees and that are protected from pesticide spray and drift. In the words of Dr. Marla Spivak, MacArthur â€œGeniusâ€\u009d award winner: There are two things each and every one of us can do to help bee populations.",2]
["What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","83_7","How do we know what causes colony collapse disorder in bees?","Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is a syndrome that is characterized by the sudden loss of adult bees from the hive.  Many possible explanations for CCD have been proposed, but no one primary cause has been found. The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) has indicated in a report to Congress that a combination of factors may be causing CCD, including pesticides, pathogens, and parasites, all of which have been found at high levels in affected bee hives.",2,null,"What causes colony collapse disorder in bees?","Neonicotinoids are one of the leading suspected causes of colony collapse disorder in honey bees. The specific causes are unclear, however, there has been some research to show that neonicotinoids have deleterious health effects on colony queens. Managed honeybee colonies are colonies that are “man-made.” That is, they are not naturally occurring. Rather they are raised and rented out to farmers.",2,null,"Why do bees get colony collapse disorder? I am relatively new to this disease.","Proposed culprits of bee colony collapse disorder include: Pesticides and insecticidesâ€”Nicotinoids such as Imidacloprid and Clothianidin kills insects by attacking their nervous systems. These are known to get into pollen and nectar, and can damage beneficial insects such as bees.",2,null,"What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is a syndrome that is characterized by the sudden loss of adult bees from the hive.  Many possible explanations for CCD have been proposed, but no one primary cause has been found. The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) has indicated in a report to Congress that a combination of factors may be causing CCD, including pesticides, pathogens, and parasites, all of which have been found at high levels in affected bee hives.",2,null,25,false,"83_7_CAR_d89650a708c2c996e710cf2c1dce84261b4eec5d","CAR_d89650a708c2c996e710cf2c1dce84261b4eec5d","83_7_CAR_c9c5c2b3282c8d6fbd439bdc9892bd3820cb6cea","CAR_c9c5c2b3282c8d6fbd439bdc9892bd3820cb6cea","83_7_MARCO_4605701","MARCO_4605701",null,"What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","CAR_d89650a708c2c996e710cf2c1dce84261b4eec5d","83_7_CAR_d89650a708c2c996e710cf2c1dce84261b4eec5d","Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is a syndrome that is characterized by the sudden loss of adult bees from the hive.  Many possible explanations for CCD have been proposed, but no one primary cause has been found. The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) has indicated in a report to Congress that a combination of factors may be causing CCD, including pesticides, pathogens, and parasites, all of which have been found at high levels in affected bee hives.",2]
["What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","83_7","How do we know what causes colony collapse disorder in bees?","In July 2007, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) released its \"CCD Action Plan\", which outlined a strategy for addressing CCD consisting of four main components: survey and data collection; analysis of samples; hypothesis-driven research; mitigation and preventive action. The first annual report of the U.S. Colony Collapse Disorder Steering Committee was published in 2009. It suggested CCD may be caused by the interaction of many agents in combination. The same year, the CCD Working Group published a comprehensive descriptive study that concluded: \"Of the 61 variables quantified (including adult bee physiology, pathogen loads, and pesticide levels), no single factor was found with enough consistency to suggest one causal agent. Bees in CCD colonies had higher pathogen loads and were co-infected with more pathogens than control populations, suggesting either greater pathogen exposure or reduced defenses in CCD bees.\"",2,null,"What causes colony collapse disorder in bees?","Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is a syndrome that is characterized by the sudden loss of adult bees from the hive.  Many possible explanations for CCD have been proposed, but no one primary cause has been found. The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) has indicated in a report to Congress that a combination of factors may be causing CCD, including pesticides, pathogens, and parasites, all of which have been found at high levels in affected bee hives.",2,null,"Why do bees get colony collapse disorder? I am relatively new to this disease.","In the 1990s, beekeepers started recording major losses of worker honeybees during the winter months. Since then, there have been mass die offs in many of the other 4,000 species of bees. In 2006, the phenomenon was bestowed with the name colony collapse disorder. No one is exactly sure why the bees are dying off in unprecedented numbers, but some theories include the loss of flower meadows, varroa mites that eat the beesâ€™ blood, climate change, and the use of pesticides. Thankfully, bees are a long way from becoming extinct.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","In July 2007, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) released its \"CCD Action Plan\", which outlined a strategy for addressing CCD consisting of four main components: survey and data collection; analysis of samples; hypothesis-driven research; mitigation and preventive action. The first annual report of the U.S. Colony Collapse Disorder Steering Committee was published in 2009. It suggested CCD may be caused by the interaction of many agents in combination. The same year, the CCD Working Group published a comprehensive descriptive study that concluded: \"Of the 61 variables quantified (including adult bee physiology, pathogen loads, and pesticide levels), no single factor was found with enough consistency to suggest one causal agent. Bees in CCD colonies had higher pathogen loads and were co-infected with more pathogens than control populations, suggesting either greater pathogen exposure or reduced defenses in CCD bees.\"",2,null,25,false,"83_7_CAR_fffab339e95e447c4d3104ec351aacc6a8b43121","CAR_fffab339e95e447c4d3104ec351aacc6a8b43121","83_7_CAR_d89650a708c2c996e710cf2c1dce84261b4eec5d","CAR_d89650a708c2c996e710cf2c1dce84261b4eec5d","83_7_MARCO_4812753","MARCO_4812753",null,"What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","CAR_fffab339e95e447c4d3104ec351aacc6a8b43121","83_7_CAR_fffab339e95e447c4d3104ec351aacc6a8b43121","In July 2007, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) released its \"CCD Action Plan\", which outlined a strategy for addressing CCD consisting of four main components: survey and data collection; analysis of samples; hypothesis-driven research; mitigation and preventive action. The first annual report of the U.S. Colony Collapse Disorder Steering Committee was published in 2009. It suggested CCD may be caused by the interaction of many agents in combination. The same year, the CCD Working Group published a comprehensive descriptive study that concluded: \"Of the 61 variables quantified (including adult bee physiology, pathogen loads, and pesticide levels), no single factor was found with enough consistency to suggest one causal agent. Bees in CCD colonies had higher pathogen loads and were co-infected with more pathogens than control populations, suggesting either greater pathogen exposure or reduced defenses in CCD bees.\"",2]
["What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","83_7","How do we know what causes colony collapse disorder in bees?","More recently, Robinson was part of a team that has discovered a plausible cause of colony collapse disorder, a malady that in 2007-2008 killed off more than one third of commercial honey bees in the U.S. By analyzing differences in gene expression between healthy and infected honey bees, researchers learned that bees in CCD hives have unusually high levels of fragmented ribosomal RNA, a symptom of infection with multiple viruses.",2,null,"What causes colony collapse disorder in bees?","In 2006, the Colony Collapse Disorder Working Group, based primarily at Pennsylvania State University, was established. Their preliminary report pointed out some patterns, but drew no strong conclusions. A survey of beekeepers early in 2007 indicated most hobbyist beekeepers believed that starvation was the leading cause of death in their colonies, while commercial beekeepers overwhelmingly believed invertebrate pests (Varroa mites, honey bee tracheal mites, and/or small hive beetles) were the leading cause of colony mortality. A scholarly review in June 2007 similarly addressed numerous theories and possible contributing factor, but left the issue unresolved.",2,null,"Why do bees get colony collapse disorder? I am relatively new to this disease.","Other researchers state that colony collapse disorder is mainly a problem of feeding the bees a monoculture diet when they should receive food from a variety of sources/plants. In winter, these bees are given a single food source such as corn syrup (high-fructose or other), sugar and pollen substitute. In summer, they may only pollinate a single crop (e.g., almonds, cherries, or apples). The monoculture diet is attributed to bee rentals and migratory bee keeping. Honey bees are only being introduced to select commercial crops such as corn. These single pollen diets are greatly inferior to mixed pollen diets. However, there are a few pollens that are acceptable for honey bees to be introduced to exclusively, including sweet clover and mustard.",2,null,"What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","Pesticides are linked to Colony Collapse Disorder and are now considered a main cause, and the toxic effects of Neonicotinoids on bees are confirmed. Currently, many studies are being conducted to further understand the toxic effects of pesticides on bees. Agencies such as the EPA and EFSA are making action plans to protect bee health in response to calls from scientists and the public to ban or limit the use of the pesticides with confirmed toxicity.",2,null,25,false,"83_7_CAR_a40344cf66e09b19d17049ef20e21d28be892bd6","CAR_a40344cf66e09b19d17049ef20e21d28be892bd6","83_7_CAR_578cf30f05b85d1c9df20be4f261a7a050c086e6","CAR_578cf30f05b85d1c9df20be4f261a7a050c086e6","83_7_CAR_20a4b7b6297c6167f90b6b3a44fc6958291f1e99","CAR_20a4b7b6297c6167f90b6b3a44fc6958291f1e99",null,"What is the cause of colony collapse disorder?","CAR_b13652369ecb8c8f1723fa27c17591a569b506f7","83_7_CAR_b13652369ecb8c8f1723fa27c17591a569b506f7","Pesticides are linked to Colony Collapse Disorder and are now considered a main cause, and the toxic effects of Neonicotinoids on bees are confirmed. Currently, many studies are being conducted to further understand the toxic effects of pesticides on bees. Agencies such as the EPA and EFSA are making action plans to protect bee health in response to calls from scientists and the public to ban or limit the use of the pesticides with confirmed toxicity.",2]
["What would happen if the bees died out?","83_8","What would happen if bees suddenly died out?","If a queen suddenly dies, the workers will flood with royal jelly several cells where a larva has just emerged.  The young larva floats on the royal jelly; the worker bees then build a larger queen cell from the normal-sized worker cell, which protrudes vertically from the face of the brood comb.  Emergency queens are usually smaller and less prolific.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What will happen if bees die?","Rated in Aikido. Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination.If 70% of the plants on the planet die.Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species.ithout bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species.",3,null,"What would happen if bees died?","Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination. If 70% of the plants on the planet die. Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species. ''If the bee became extinct, man would only survive a few years beyond it'', Einstein predicted...",3,null,"What would happen if the bees died out?","Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination. If 70% of the plants on the planet die. Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species. ''If the bee became extinct, man would only survive a few years beyond it'', Einstein predicted...",3,null,26,true,"83_8_CAR_fd9b429abd52459f6cd78763a485cee9f6e8b1a4","CAR_fd9b429abd52459f6cd78763a485cee9f6e8b1a4","83_8_MARCO_1881743","MARCO_1881743","83_8_MARCO_2141003","MARCO_2141003",null,"What would happen if the bees died out?","MARCO_2141003","83_8_MARCO_2141003","Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination. If 70% of the plants on the planet die. Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species. ''If the bee became extinct, man would only survive a few years beyond it'', Einstein predicted...",3]
["What would happen if the bees died out?","83_8","What would happen if bees suddenly died out?","What would happen if you were hit by a penny falling from a skyscraper? What happens if you don't sleep for 24 hours? You're basically drunk. So could all bees go extinct? It's unlikely, Bolt noted, as there are 4,000 known species of bees in North America alone and about 20,000 species worldwide. But if all bees did disappear, we'd all be in a world of trouble, he said. The variety of foods would be incredibly reduced and who could even predict how their loss would ripple throughout the world's many ecosystems.",3,null,"What will happen if bees die?","Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination. If 70% of the plants on the planet die. Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species. ''If the bee became extinct, man would only survive a few years beyond it'', Einstein predicted...",3,null,"What would happen if bees died?","Rated in Aikido. Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination.If 70% of the plants on the planet die.Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species.ithout bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species.",3,null,"What would happen if the bees died out?","From 1945 to 2005, bee colonies have decreased from around 6,000,000 colonies to less than 3,000,000 colonies.  Bees pollinate around 70% of the world's crops, and on average, about one in every three bites of food humans consume has been pollinated by a bee.  If the bees were to die out, pollination rates would plummet, likely resulting in less food and skyrocketing market prices.",3,null,26,true,"83_8_MARCO_2141004","MARCO_2141004","83_8_MARCO_2141003","MARCO_2141003","83_8_MARCO_1881743","MARCO_1881743",null,"What would happen if the bees died out?","CAR_652e1c4654a2cce7d24d500297543a91095bb6f2","83_8_CAR_652e1c4654a2cce7d24d500297543a91095bb6f2","From 1945 to 2005, bee colonies have decreased from around 6,000,000 colonies to less than 3,000,000 colonies.  Bees pollinate around 70% of the world's crops, and on average, about one in every three bites of food humans consume has been pollinated by a bee.  If the bees were to die out, pollination rates would plummet, likely resulting in less food and skyrocketing market prices.",3]
["What would happen if the bees died out?","83_8","What would happen if bees suddenly died out?","From 1945 to 2005, bee colonies have decreased from around 6,000,000 colonies to less than 3,000,000 colonies.  Bees pollinate around 70% of the world's crops, and on average, about one in every three bites of food humans consume has been pollinated by a bee.  If the bees were to die out, pollination rates would plummet, likely resulting in less food and skyrocketing market prices.",3,null,"What will happen if bees die?","Burt's Bees, a company which uses honey is most of its products, would increase prices until having to stop production of their products. Honey used in facials would disappear, and many LUSH products that are made with honey would also disappear. In short, bees are super duper important. Bees are dropping like flies and people need to understand the severity of the problem. If bees die, so do we. Bee extinction is human extinction.",2,null,"What would happen if bees died?","In cases where the beekeeper had died, food and drink from the funeral would also be left by the hive for the bees, including the funeral biscuits and wine. The hive would also be lifted a few inches and put down again at the same time as the coffin. The hive might also be rotated to face the funeral procession, and draped with mourning cloth.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What would happen if the bees died out?","Rated in Aikido. Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination.If 70% of the plants on the planet die.Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species.ithout bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species.",3,null,26,true,"83_8_CAR_652e1c4654a2cce7d24d500297543a91095bb6f2","CAR_652e1c4654a2cce7d24d500297543a91095bb6f2","83_8_MARCO_2140999","MARCO_2140999","83_8_CAR_647ef7d8e0a0eabd7c6467923fa346d24ccbe50b","CAR_647ef7d8e0a0eabd7c6467923fa346d24ccbe50b",null,"What would happen if the bees died out?","MARCO_1881743","83_8_MARCO_1881743","Rated in Aikido. Bees help pollinate around 70% of all the crops on the planet. If all the bees die and nothing rises to replace them (another type of insect, for example, or serious human intervention), many plants will simply die-off due to lack of pollination.If 70% of the plants on the planet die.Without bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species.ithout bees, there would be no honey, but distinctively, certain plants would not be able to reproduce and would thus become extinct. In turn, this would lead to the disappearance of certain animal species.",3]
["How does seed investment work for startups?","84_1","How do we get seed investment for a startup?","Seedcamp invests in three ways, including its Seed option. For pre-seed Startups must apply for an investment of either €75K for 7% or 3% as a warrant. Applications for pre-seed funding from Seedcamp are open four times a year. All Seedcamp companies can access the Platform.",1,null,"How does seed financing work in startups?","Seed money, or seed capital, is the first round of capital for a start-up business. It gets its name from the idea that early stage financing plants the seed that enables a small business to grow. Obtaining funding is one of the most critical aspects of starting a small business.",0,null,"How do I get my startup seed money?","Determine the type of funding. Once you know how much money you will need to run your business you need to choose the best way to get that money. Many entrepreneurs with excellent credit should begin with a trip to their bank to meet with a loan officer. Other options for startup business needs include:",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How does seed investment work for startups?","The Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) was launched by the United Kingdom government on 6 April 2012 in order to encourage investors to finance startups by providing tax breaks for backing projects they may otherwise view as too risky.",0,null,27,false,"84_1_CAR_d0872f4b18968e1cabe040754f792e379d58e2f4","CAR_d0872f4b18968e1cabe040754f792e379d58e2f4","84_1_MARCO_3431810","MARCO_3431810","84_1_MARCO_3733115","MARCO_3733115",null,"How does seed investment work for startups?","CAR_f049218e5d38036c81b0faffc5980e44e6c64b14","84_1_CAR_f049218e5d38036c81b0faffc5980e44e6c64b14","The Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) was launched by the United Kingdom government on 6 April 2012 in order to encourage investors to finance startups by providing tax breaks for backing projects they may otherwise view as too risky.",0]
["How does seed investment work for startups?","84_1","How do we get seed investment for a startup?","This is one of the most vital parts of the program. Successful entrepreneurs who manage to get their seed investment from Oasis500 gain an automatic incubation and acceleration period at Oasis500 offices in Jordan. This is a 3-month (100 days) period where startups accelerate and achieve milestones and goals that others without the same level of assistance usually need a significantly longer time to achieve.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How does seed financing work in startups?","Seed money, or seed capital, is the first round of capital for a start-up business. It gets its name from the idea that early stage financing plants the seed that enables a small business to grow.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do I get my startup seed money?","Investors who provide seed capital funding often do so for a stake in the company. Once a startup has demonstrated feasibility, it is more likely to attract venture capital or angel investment to provide the greater funds necessary to get the business up and running.",1,null,"How does seed investment work for startups?","Seed money, sometimes known as seed funding or seed capital, is a form of securities offering in which an investor invests capital in exchange for an equity stake in the company. The term seed suggests that this is a very early investment, meant to support the business until it can generate cash of its own (see cash flow), or until it is ready for further investments. Seed money options include friends and family funding, angel funding, and crowdfunding.",4,null,27,false,"84_1_CAR_cdeeee324b55a3af04051cc87d92f6436079fd71","CAR_cdeeee324b55a3af04051cc87d92f6436079fd71","84_1_MARCO_3431812","MARCO_3431812","84_1_MARCO_3431811","MARCO_3431811",null,"How does seed investment work for startups?","CAR_fef4c224bb39283d6c8f49190c9855514e0b7fa5","84_1_CAR_fef4c224bb39283d6c8f49190c9855514e0b7fa5","Seed money, sometimes known as seed funding or seed capital, is a form of securities offering in which an investor invests capital in exchange for an equity stake in the company. The term seed suggests that this is a very early investment, meant to support the business until it can generate cash of its own (see cash flow), or until it is ready for further investments. Seed money options include friends and family funding, angel funding, and crowdfunding.",4]
["How does seed investment work for startups?","84_1","How do we get seed investment for a startup?","Investors who provide seed capital funding often do so for a stake in the company. Once a startup has demonstrated feasibility, it is more likely to attract venture capital or angel investment to provide the greater funds necessary to get the business up and running.",1,null,"How does seed financing work in startups?","Startups have several options for funding. Venture capital firms and angel investors may help startup companies begin operations, exchanging seed money for an equity stake in the firm. Venture capitalists and angel investors provide financing to a range of startups (a portfolio), with the expectation that a very small number of the start-ups will become viable and make money. In practice though, many startups are initially funded by the founders themselves using \"bootstrapping\", in which loans or monetary gifts from friends and family are combined with savings and credit card debt to finance the venture. Factoring is another option, though it is not unique to startups. Other funding opportunities include various forms of crowdfunding, for example equity crowdfunding, in which the startup seeks funding from a large number of individuals, typically by pitching their idea on the Internet",1,null,"How do I get my startup seed money?","In 2014, Seedcamp announced a €20million Seed fund, which enables the early-stage investor in invest up to €200,000 into rounds between €300,000 and €2M. Seedcamp has invested in 24 seed stage startups from its Seed Fund as of September 2015. The fund focuses on providing investment for startups looking to scale globally, rather than focusing on the initial hurdle of getting up-and-running.",2,null,"How does seed investment work for startups?","On 6 April 2012, the Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) was launched by the UK Government, with the goal to \"stimulate entrepreneurship and kick start the economy.\" The scheme offers up to 50% individual income tax relief, up to 28% capital gains tax relief and capital gains tax re-investment relief to investors who invest in eligible startup companies. Seedrs has a high concentration of SEIS eligible startups listed for investment and makes it very simple for UK tax payers to take advantage of the reliefs online.",2,null,27,false,"84_1_MARCO_3431811","MARCO_3431811","84_1_CAR_a41c4c4dd3dc4ac8dd1372c1c6fd99e80c691e33","CAR_a41c4c4dd3dc4ac8dd1372c1c6fd99e80c691e33","84_1_CAR_6f849333c946721feef94c05d3940dfd16cb67ee","CAR_6f849333c946721feef94c05d3940dfd16cb67ee",null,"How does seed investment work for startups?","CAR_bf04191f77cab9e1af2f7a99928b9d390adbc1c2","84_1_CAR_bf04191f77cab9e1af2f7a99928b9d390adbc1c2","On 6 April 2012, the Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) was launched by the UK Government, with the goal to \"stimulate entrepreneurship and kick start the economy.\" The scheme offers up to 50% individual income tax relief, up to 28% capital gains tax relief and capital gains tax re-investment relief to investors who invest in eligible startup companies. Seedrs has a high concentration of SEIS eligible startups listed for investment and makes it very simple for UK tax payers to take advantage of the reliefs online.",2]
["Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","84_2","What can I know about Angel investment rounds?","Angel investors give you money. You sell them equity in the company, filing the investment raise with the SEC. Angel investments commonly run around $600,000. Most investments rounds also involve multiple investors, thanks to the proliferations of angel groups.",1,null,"How should I learn about angel investing rounds?","Angel investors give you money. You sell them equity in the company, filing the investment raise with the SEC. Angel investments commonly run around $600,000. Most investments rounds also involve multiple investors, thanks to the proliferations of angel groups.",1,null,"What are the different angel investment rounds?","When investing in a startup, there are different types of stages in which the investor can participate. The first round is called seed round. The seed round generally is when the startup is still in the very early phase of execution when their product is still in the prototype phase. At this level angel investors will be the ones participating. The next round is called Series A. At this point the company already has traction and may be making revenue. In Series A rounds venture capital firms will be participating alongside angels or super angel investors. The next rounds are Series B, C, and D. These three rounds are the ones leading towards the IPO. Venture capital firms and private equity firms will be participating.",0,null,"Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","Angel investors give you money. You sell them equity in the company, filing the investment raise with the SEC. Angel investments commonly run around $600,000. Most investments rounds also involve multiple investors, thanks to the proliferations of angel groups.",1,null,28,true,"84_2_MARCO_1768262","MARCO_1768262","84_2_MARCO_1768262","MARCO_1768262","84_2_CAR_7d5f02e994807ef1189d98f49b366781eaa2c622","CAR_7d5f02e994807ef1189d98f49b366781eaa2c622",null,"Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","MARCO_1768262","84_2_MARCO_1768262","Angel investors give you money. You sell them equity in the company, filing the investment raise with the SEC. Angel investments commonly run around $600,000. Most investments rounds also involve multiple investors, thanks to the proliferations of angel groups.",1]
["Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","84_2","What can I know about Angel investment rounds?","When investing in a startup, there are different types of stages in which the investor can participate. The first round is called seed round. The seed round generally is when the startup is still in the very early phase of execution when their product is still in the prototype phase. At this level angel investors will be the ones participating. The next round is called Series A. At this point the company already has traction and may be making revenue. In Series A rounds venture capital firms will be participating alongside angels or super angel investors. The next rounds are Series B, C, and D. These three rounds are the ones leading towards the IPO. Venture capital firms and private equity firms will be participating.",0,null,"How should I learn about angel investing rounds?","When investing in a startup, there are different types of stages in which the investor can participate. The first round is called seed round. The seed round generally is when the startup is still in the very early phase of execution when their product is still in the prototype phase. At this level angel investors will be the ones participating. The next round is called Series A. At this point the company already has traction and may be making revenue. In Series A rounds venture capital firms will be participating alongside angels or super angel investors. The next rounds are Series B, C, and D. These three rounds are the ones leading towards the IPO. Venture capital firms and private equity firms will be participating.",0,null,"What are the different angel investment rounds?","Angel capital fills the gap in seed funding between \"friends and family\" and more robust start-up financing through formal venture capital. Although it is usually difficult to raise more than a few hundred thousand dollars from friends and family, most traditional venture capital funds are usually not able to make or evaluate small investments under US$1–2 million. Thus, angel investment is a common second round of financing for high-growth start-ups, and accounts in total for almost as much money invested annually as all venture capital funds combined, but into more than 60 times as many companies (US$20.1 billion vs. $23.26 billion in the US in 2010, into 61,900 companies vs. 1,012 companies).",3,null,"Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","Angel capital fills the gap in seed funding between \"friends and family\" and more robust start-up financing through formal venture capital. Although it is usually difficult to raise more than a few hundred thousand dollars from friends and family, most traditional venture capital funds are usually not able to make or evaluate small investments under US$1–2 million. Thus, angel investment is a common second round of financing for high-growth start-ups, and accounts in total for almost as much money invested annually as all venture capital funds combined, but into more than 60 times as many companies (US$20.1 billion vs. $23.26 billion in the US in 2010, into 61,900 companies vs. 1,012 companies).",3,null,28,true,"84_2_CAR_7d5f02e994807ef1189d98f49b366781eaa2c622","CAR_7d5f02e994807ef1189d98f49b366781eaa2c622","84_2_CAR_7d5f02e994807ef1189d98f49b366781eaa2c622","CAR_7d5f02e994807ef1189d98f49b366781eaa2c622","84_2_CAR_1c7a13b897738e88818978c631788cc1d00f8429","CAR_1c7a13b897738e88818978c631788cc1d00f8429",null,"Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","CAR_1c7a13b897738e88818978c631788cc1d00f8429","84_2_CAR_1c7a13b897738e88818978c631788cc1d00f8429","Angel capital fills the gap in seed funding between \"friends and family\" and more robust start-up financing through formal venture capital. Although it is usually difficult to raise more than a few hundred thousand dollars from friends and family, most traditional venture capital funds are usually not able to make or evaluate small investments under US$1–2 million. Thus, angel investment is a common second round of financing for high-growth start-ups, and accounts in total for almost as much money invested annually as all venture capital funds combined, but into more than 60 times as many companies (US$20.1 billion vs. $23.26 billion in the US in 2010, into 61,900 companies vs. 1,012 companies).",3]
["Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","84_2","What can I know about Angel investment rounds?","Angel investments bear extremely high risks  and are usually subject to dilution from future investment rounds. As such, they require a very high return on investment. Because a large percentage of angel investments are lost completely when early stage companies fail, professional angel investors seek investments that have the potential to return at least ten or more times their original investment within 5 years, through a defined exit strategy, such as plans for an initial public offering or an acquisition. Current 'best practices' suggest that angels might do better setting their sights even higher, looking for companies that will have at least the potential to provide a 20x-30x return over a five- to seven-year holding period. After taking into account the need to cover failed investments and the multi-year holding time for even the successful ones, however, the actual effective internal rate of return for a typical successful portfolio of angel investments is, in reality, typically as 'low' as 20–30%. While the investor's need for high rates of return on any given investment can thus make angel financing an expensive source of funds, cheaper sources of capital, such as bank financing, are usually not available for most early-stage ventures.",4,null,"How should I learn about angel investing rounds?","Angel investments bear extremely high risks  and are usually subject to dilution from future investment rounds. As such, they require a very high return on investment. Because a large percentage of angel investments are lost completely when early stage companies fail, professional angel investors seek investments that have the potential to return at least ten or more times their original investment within 5 years, through a defined exit strategy, such as plans for an initial public offering or an acquisition. Current 'best practices' suggest that angels might do better setting their sights even higher, looking for companies that will have at least the potential to provide a 20x-30x return over a five- to seven-year holding period. After taking into account the need to cover failed investments and the multi-year holding time for even the successful ones, however, the actual effective internal rate of return for a typical successful portfolio of angel investments is, in reality, typically as 'low' as 20–30%. While the investor's need for high rates of return on any given investment can thus make angel financing an expensive source of funds, cheaper sources of capital, such as bank financing, are usually not available for most early-stage ventures.",4,null,"What are the different angel investment rounds?","Angel investors give you money. You sell them equity in the company, filing the investment raise with the SEC. Angel investments commonly run around $600,000. Most investments rounds also involve multiple investors, thanks to the proliferations of angel groups.",1,null,"Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","When investing in a startup, there are different types of stages in which the investor can participate. The first round is called seed round. The seed round generally is when the startup is still in the very early phase of execution when their product is still in the prototype phase. At this level angel investors will be the ones participating. The next round is called Series A. At this point the company already has traction and may be making revenue. In Series A rounds venture capital firms will be participating alongside angels or super angel investors. The next rounds are Series B, C, and D. These three rounds are the ones leading towards the IPO. Venture capital firms and private equity firms will be participating.",0,null,28,true,"84_2_CAR_c9e5356f2192014b8b28d4137f6b4eadf185f43e","CAR_c9e5356f2192014b8b28d4137f6b4eadf185f43e","84_2_CAR_c9e5356f2192014b8b28d4137f6b4eadf185f43e","CAR_c9e5356f2192014b8b28d4137f6b4eadf185f43e","84_2_MARCO_1768262","MARCO_1768262",null,"Tell me more about angel investment rounds.","CAR_7d5f02e994807ef1189d98f49b366781eaa2c622","84_2_CAR_7d5f02e994807ef1189d98f49b366781eaa2c622","When investing in a startup, there are different types of stages in which the investor can participate. The first round is called seed round. The seed round generally is when the startup is still in the very early phase of execution when their product is still in the prototype phase. At this level angel investors will be the ones participating. The next round is called Series A. At this point the company already has traction and may be making revenue. In Series A rounds venture capital firms will be participating alongside angels or super angel investors. The next rounds are Series B, C, and D. These three rounds are the ones leading towards the IPO. Venture capital firms and private equity firms will be participating.",0]
["How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","84_3","What is the difference between crowdfunding and angel investors?","In the wake of the decline of traditional small business financing, new sources of debt and equity financing have increased including Crowdfunding and Peer-to-peer lending. Unless small businesses have collateral and can prove revenue, banks are hesitant to lend money. Often times start up companies and businesses operating for less than a year do not have collateral and private money lenders or angel investors are a better option. Private money lenders and angel investors are willing to take more risk than banks recognizing the potential upside. Private lenders can also reach a decision faster with approvals only going through one tier rather than being overlooked by many levels of management.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do crowdfunding and angel investing compare?","In the wake of the decline of traditional small business financing, new sources of debt and equity financing have increased including Crowdfunding and Peer-to-peer lending. Unless small businesses have collateral and can prove revenue, banks are hesitant to lend money. Often times start up companies and businesses operating for less than a year do not have collateral and private money lenders or angel investors are a better option. Private money lenders and angel investors are willing to take more risk than banks recognizing the potential upside. Private lenders can also reach a decision faster with approvals only going through one tier rather than being overlooked by many levels of management.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you contrast angel investment rounds to crowdfunding rounds?","The investor-led crowdfunding model differentiates itself from the usual company-led model by necessitating the participation of an experienced business angel in every round. This 'lead investor' conducts due diligence on the investment opportunity and negotiates the economic terms of the investment before contributing at least 25% of the round. The intended benefit is that any less experienced investors will 1) have the reassurance of knowing that an experienced investor has already assessed the round and 2) invest on the same economic terms as the lead investor.",3,null,"How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","The investor-led crowdfunding model differentiates itself from the usual company-led model by necessitating the participation of an experienced business angel in every round. This 'lead investor' conducts due diligence on the investment opportunity and negotiates the economic terms of the investment before contributing at least 25% of the round. The intended benefit is that any less experienced investors will 1) have the reassurance of knowing that an experienced investor has already assessed the round and 2) invest on the same economic terms as the lead investor.",3,null,29,false,"84_3_CAR_e369f4efcec1fb22bdcbaf702bf1b5888ea4a0dc","CAR_e369f4efcec1fb22bdcbaf702bf1b5888ea4a0dc","84_3_CAR_e369f4efcec1fb22bdcbaf702bf1b5888ea4a0dc","CAR_e369f4efcec1fb22bdcbaf702bf1b5888ea4a0dc","84_3_CAR_e4619747e10e10bb960487dc8dbdc5ef70ef85e3","CAR_e4619747e10e10bb960487dc8dbdc5ef70ef85e3",null,"How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","CAR_e4619747e10e10bb960487dc8dbdc5ef70ef85e3","84_3_CAR_e4619747e10e10bb960487dc8dbdc5ef70ef85e3","The investor-led crowdfunding model differentiates itself from the usual company-led model by necessitating the participation of an experienced business angel in every round. This 'lead investor' conducts due diligence on the investment opportunity and negotiates the economic terms of the investment before contributing at least 25% of the round. The intended benefit is that any less experienced investors will 1) have the reassurance of knowing that an experienced investor has already assessed the round and 2) invest on the same economic terms as the lead investor.",3]
["How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","84_3","What is the difference between crowdfunding and angel investors?","An angel investor or angel (also known as a business angel, informal investor, angel funder, private investor, or seed investor) is an affluent individual who provides capital for a business start-up, usually in exchange for convertible debt or ownership equity.   A small but increasing number of angel investors invest online through equity crowdfunding or organize themselves into angel groups or angel networks to share research and pool their investment capital, as well as to provide advice to their portfolio companies.",2,null,"How do crowdfunding and angel investing compare?","A small but increasing number of angel investors invest online through equity crowdfunding or organize themselves into angel groups or angel networks to share research and pool their investment capital, as well as to provide advice to their portfolio companies.",0,null,"Can you contrast angel investment rounds to crowdfunding rounds?","A small but increasing number of angel investors invest online through equity crowdfunding or organize themselves into angel groups or angel networks to share research and pool their investment capital, as well as to provide advice to their portfolio companies.",0,null,"How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","A small but increasing number of angel investors invest online through equity crowdfunding or organize themselves into angel groups or angel networks to share research and pool their investment capital, as well as to provide advice to their portfolio companies.",0,null,29,false,"84_3_CAR_f8adff2f49f1825b7f686766c8387dc4c173a04d","CAR_f8adff2f49f1825b7f686766c8387dc4c173a04d","84_3_MARCO_1768258","MARCO_1768258","84_3_MARCO_1768258","MARCO_1768258",null,"How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","MARCO_1768258","84_3_MARCO_1768258","A small but increasing number of angel investors invest online through equity crowdfunding or organize themselves into angel groups or angel networks to share research and pool their investment capital, as well as to provide advice to their portfolio companies.",0]
["How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","84_3","What is the difference between crowdfunding and angel investors?","The investor-led crowdfunding model differentiates itself from the usual company-led model by necessitating the participation of an experienced business angel in every round. This 'lead investor' conducts due diligence on the investment opportunity and negotiates the economic terms of the investment before contributing at least 25% of the round. The intended benefit is that any less experienced investors will 1) have the reassurance of knowing that an experienced investor has already assessed the round and 2) invest on the same economic terms as the lead investor.",3,null,"How do crowdfunding and angel investing compare?","A successful crowdfunding campaign helps prove to VCs, angel investors and banks that there is a demand for a product in a marketplace, removing some of the risk from the equation. . For startup founders, public crowdfunding is a way of pre-selling a product or service to test the market.",2,null,"Can you contrast angel investment rounds to crowdfunding rounds?","An angel investor or angel (also known as a business angel, informal investor, angel funder, private investor, or seed investor) is an affluent individual who provides capital for a business start-up, usually in exchange for convertible debt or ownership equity.   A small but increasing number of angel investors invest online through equity crowdfunding or organize themselves into angel groups or angel networks to share research and pool their investment capital, as well as to provide advice to their portfolio companies.",2,null,"How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","A successful crowdfunding campaign helps prove to VCs, angel investors and banks that there is a demand for a product in a marketplace, removing some of the risk from the equation. . For startup founders, public crowdfunding is a way of pre-selling a product or service to test the market.",2,null,29,false,"84_3_CAR_e4619747e10e10bb960487dc8dbdc5ef70ef85e3","CAR_e4619747e10e10bb960487dc8dbdc5ef70ef85e3","84_3_MARCO_1030161","MARCO_1030161","84_3_CAR_f8adff2f49f1825b7f686766c8387dc4c173a04d","CAR_f8adff2f49f1825b7f686766c8387dc4c173a04d",null,"How does an angel investment round compare with crowdfunding?","MARCO_1030161","84_3_MARCO_1030161","A successful crowdfunding campaign helps prove to VCs, angel investors and banks that there is a demand for a product in a marketplace, removing some of the risk from the equation. . For startup founders, public crowdfunding is a way of pre-selling a product or service to test the market.",2]
["How much is a typical A series investment round?","84_4","What's the usual A-series funding round like?","A series A round is the name typically given to a company's first significant round of venture capital financing. The name refers to the class of preferred stock sold to investors in exchange for their investment.  It is usually the first series of stock after the common stock and common stock options issued to company founders, employees, friends and family and angel investors.",1,null,"How much do you get for the Series-A funding round?","SingTel Innov8, a subsidiary of Sing, led Yodo1's Series A funding and had participation from Chang You Fund. Yodo1 acquired $5 million from the funding round.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the usual A Series investment round?","A series A round is the name typically given to a company's first significant round of venture capital financing. The name refers to the class of preferred stock sold to investors in exchange for their investment.  It is usually the first series of stock after the common stock and common stock options issued to company founders, employees, friends and family and angel investors.",1,null,"How much is a typical A series investment round?","Series A rounds are traditionally a critical stage in the funding of new companies.  A typical series A round is in the range of $2 million to $10 million, purchasing 10% to 30% of the company. The capital raised during a series A is usually intended to capitalize the company for 6 months to 2 years as it develops its products, performs initial marketing and branding, hires its initial employees, and otherwise undertakes early stage business operations.",4,null,30,true,"84_4_CAR_1efba640126ff68a16d6bbb5f6ee1c7b94ef0f49","CAR_1efba640126ff68a16d6bbb5f6ee1c7b94ef0f49","84_4_CAR_90848d26f1546596cab901eb09c5c8e8ca168e0c","CAR_90848d26f1546596cab901eb09c5c8e8ca168e0c","84_4_CAR_1efba640126ff68a16d6bbb5f6ee1c7b94ef0f49","CAR_1efba640126ff68a16d6bbb5f6ee1c7b94ef0f49",null,"How much is a typical A series investment round?","CAR_8775ef8c3e31222fb7adfae907695d416c5ee917","84_4_CAR_8775ef8c3e31222fb7adfae907695d416c5ee917","Series A rounds are traditionally a critical stage in the funding of new companies.  A typical series A round is in the range of $2 million to $10 million, purchasing 10% to 30% of the company. The capital raised during a series A is usually intended to capitalize the company for 6 months to 2 years as it develops its products, performs initial marketing and branding, hires its initial employees, and otherwise undertakes early stage business operations.",4]
["How much is a typical A series investment round?","84_4","What's the usual A-series funding round like?","Series A rounds are traditionally a critical stage in the funding of new companies.  A typical series A round is in the range of $2 million to $10 million, purchasing 10% to 30% of the company. The capital raised during a series A is usually intended to capitalize the company for 6 months to 2 years as it develops its products, performs initial marketing and branding, hires its initial employees, and otherwise undertakes early stage business operations.",4,null,"How much do you get for the Series-A funding round?","A year later they raised $11m in Series A funding which they used to scale the service further to other cities. Theyâ€™ve since gone on to raise a further $4.9 billion in funding. So the answer to the original question â€˜How much will it cost to make an app like Uberâ€™ is â€¦ a lot more than you think. Yes, of course we can.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the usual A Series investment round?","Series A rounds are traditionally a critical stage in the funding of new companies.  A typical series A round is in the range of $2 million to $10 million, purchasing 10% to 30% of the company. The capital raised during a series A is usually intended to capitalize the company for 6 months to 2 years as it develops its products, performs initial marketing and branding, hires its initial employees, and otherwise undertakes early stage business operations.",4,null,"How much is a typical A series investment round?","Smaller investment amounts are usually not worth the legal and financial expense, the burden on a company of adjusting its capital structure to serve new investors, and the analysis and due diligence on the part of institutional investors. A company that needs money for operations but is not yet ready for venture capital will typically seek angel capital. Larger amounts are usually unwarranted given the cost of business in fields such as software, data services, telecommunications, and so on. However, there are routinely series A rounds in excess of $10 million in fields such as pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, and real estate development.",2,null,30,true,"84_4_CAR_8775ef8c3e31222fb7adfae907695d416c5ee917","CAR_8775ef8c3e31222fb7adfae907695d416c5ee917","84_4_MARCO_3956516","MARCO_3956516","84_4_CAR_8775ef8c3e31222fb7adfae907695d416c5ee917","CAR_8775ef8c3e31222fb7adfae907695d416c5ee917",null,"How much is a typical A series investment round?","CAR_951cce69a68cbfc0edc9fa776f4ccf57abacd6dc","84_4_CAR_951cce69a68cbfc0edc9fa776f4ccf57abacd6dc","Smaller investment amounts are usually not worth the legal and financial expense, the burden on a company of adjusting its capital structure to serve new investors, and the analysis and due diligence on the part of institutional investors. A company that needs money for operations but is not yet ready for venture capital will typically seek angel capital. Larger amounts are usually unwarranted given the cost of business in fields such as software, data services, telecommunications, and so on. However, there are routinely series A rounds in excess of $10 million in fields such as pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, and real estate development.",2]
["How much is a typical A series investment round?","84_4","What's the usual A-series funding round like?","DEFINITION of 'A Round Financing '. The first major round of business financing by private equity investors or venture capitalists. In private equity investing, an A round, or Series A financing, is usually in the form of convertible preferred stock.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How much do you get for the Series-A funding round?","The amount of equity that a note converts into depends on the price of the A round plus 2 key components of the your note. 1  Discount Rate: The discount rate establishes how much you will be compensated for the additional risk you take on by investing in a company before the series A investors.",0,null,"What is the usual A Series investment round?","DEFINITION of 'A Round Financing '. The first major round of business financing by private equity investors or venture capitalists. In private equity investing, an A round, or Series A financing, is usually in the form of convertible preferred stock.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How much is a typical A series investment round?","In September 2016 FinanceFox announced a Series A investment of $28m. The round was led by Target Global and Horizons Ventures - the private investment vehicle of Li Ka-Shing. This investment was the largest sum invested in an Insurtech company in Europe to date.",0,null,30,true,"84_4_MARCO_8433965","MARCO_8433965","84_4_MARCO_1331288","MARCO_1331288","84_4_MARCO_8433965","MARCO_8433965",null,"How much is a typical A series investment round?","CAR_036f5b962ae11496f1f0d9193f7b7746f8a977f2","84_4_CAR_036f5b962ae11496f1f0d9193f7b7746f8a977f2","In September 2016 FinanceFox announced a Series A investment of $28m. The round was led by Target Global and Horizons Ventures - the private investment vehicle of Li Ka-Shing. This investment was the largest sum invested in an Insurtech company in Europe to date.",0]
["What are the risks of investing in startups?","84_5","What danger is there to investing in startups?","Investing in startups is risky business, and one of the best ways to manage the risk is to go with people who already have startup experience. Related: The 5 Best Pitch Tactics I Heard as an Angel Investor. I've heard this at least a dozen times in investor discussions: Bet on the jockey not the horse..",0,null,"What are the risks for investors funding startups?","Investors are generally most attracted to those new companies distinguished by their strong co-founding team, a balanced \"risk/reward\" profile (in which high risk due to the untested, disruptive innovations is balanced out by high potential returns) and \"scalability\" (the likelihood that a start-up can expand its operations by serving more markets or more customers). Attractive startups generally have lower \"bootstrapping\" (self-funding of startups by the founders) costs, higher risk, and higher potential return on investment. Successful startups are typically more scalable than an established business, in the sense that the startup has the potential to grow rapidly with a limited investment of capital, labor or land. Timing has often been the single most important factor for biggest startup successes, while at the same time it's identified to be one of the hardest things to master by many serial entrepreneurs and investors.",0,null,"Is it risky to invest in a startup?","Investing in startups is risky business, and one of the best ways to manage the risk is to go with people who already have startup experience. Related: The 5 Best Pitch Tactics I Heard as an Angel Investor. I've heard this at least a dozen times in investor discussions: Bet on the jockey not the horse..",0,null,"What are the risks of investing in startups?","Investing in startups is risky business, and one of the best ways to manage the risk is to go with people who already have startup experience. Related: The 5 Best Pitch Tactics I Heard as an Angel Investor. I've heard this at least a dozen times in investor discussions: Bet on the jockey not the horse..",0,null,31,false,"84_5_MARCO_1768265","MARCO_1768265","84_5_CAR_0275bfb718b64475376fc1154fa43f118c3a007d","CAR_0275bfb718b64475376fc1154fa43f118c3a007d","84_5_MARCO_1768265","MARCO_1768265",null,"What are the risks of investing in startups?","MARCO_1768265","84_5_MARCO_1768265","Investing in startups is risky business, and one of the best ways to manage the risk is to go with people who already have startup experience. Related: The 5 Best Pitch Tactics I Heard as an Angel Investor. I've heard this at least a dozen times in investor discussions: Bet on the jockey not the horse..",0]
["What are the risks of investing in startups?","84_5","What danger is there to investing in startups?","At this stage, the risk of losing the investment is tremendously high, because there are so many uncertain factors. The market research may reveal that there is no demand for the product or service, or it may reveal that there is already established companies serving this demand. Research by J.C. Ruhnka and J.E. Young shows that the risk of losing the investment for the VC firm is around 66.2% and the causation of major risk by stage of development is 72% .  The Harvard report by William R. Kerr, Josh Lerner, and Antoinette Schoar, however, shows evidence that angel-funded startup companies are less likely to fail than companies that rely on other forms of initial financing.",0,null,"What are the risks for investors funding startups?","Angels typically fund a startup at the seed stage of a company. There is a higher risk associated with angel investments as they are dealing with an unproven business model. It's also probable that the company doesn't have a product and, if they have customers, they might not have significant revenue.",0,null,"Is it risky to invest in a startup?","Investors are generally most attracted to those new companies distinguished by their strong co-founding team, a balanced \"risk/reward\" profile (in which high risk due to the untested, disruptive innovations is balanced out by high potential returns) and \"scalability\" (the likelihood that a start-up can expand its operations by serving more markets or more customers). Attractive startups generally have lower \"bootstrapping\" (self-funding of startups by the founders) costs, higher risk, and higher potential return on investment. Successful startups are typically more scalable than an established business, in the sense that the startup has the potential to grow rapidly with a limited investment of capital, labor or land. Timing has often been the single most important factor for biggest startup successes, while at the same time it's identified to be one of the hardest things to master by many serial entrepreneurs and investors.",0,null,"What are the risks of investing in startups?","Investors are generally most attracted to those new companies distinguished by their strong co-founding team, a balanced \"risk/reward\" profile (in which high risk due to the untested, disruptive innovations is balanced out by high potential returns) and \"scalability\" (the likelihood that a start-up can expand its operations by serving more markets or more customers). Attractive startups generally have lower \"bootstrapping\" (self-funding of startups by the founders) costs, higher risk, and higher potential return on investment. Successful startups are typically more scalable than an established business, in the sense that the startup has the potential to grow rapidly with a limited investment of capital, labor or land. Timing has often been the single most important factor for biggest startup successes, while at the same time it's identified to be one of the hardest things to master by many serial entrepreneurs and investors.",0,null,31,false,"84_5_CAR_19e37e12e6828f77be83a9d71827ae74dc6c3462","CAR_19e37e12e6828f77be83a9d71827ae74dc6c3462","84_5_MARCO_1030165","MARCO_1030165","84_5_CAR_0275bfb718b64475376fc1154fa43f118c3a007d","CAR_0275bfb718b64475376fc1154fa43f118c3a007d",null,"What are the risks of investing in startups?","CAR_0275bfb718b64475376fc1154fa43f118c3a007d","84_5_CAR_0275bfb718b64475376fc1154fa43f118c3a007d","Investors are generally most attracted to those new companies distinguished by their strong co-founding team, a balanced \"risk/reward\" profile (in which high risk due to the untested, disruptive innovations is balanced out by high potential returns) and \"scalability\" (the likelihood that a start-up can expand its operations by serving more markets or more customers). Attractive startups generally have lower \"bootstrapping\" (self-funding of startups by the founders) costs, higher risk, and higher potential return on investment. Successful startups are typically more scalable than an established business, in the sense that the startup has the potential to grow rapidly with a limited investment of capital, labor or land. Timing has often been the single most important factor for biggest startup successes, while at the same time it's identified to be one of the hardest things to master by many serial entrepreneurs and investors.",0]
["What are the risks of investing in startups?","84_5","What danger is there to investing in startups?","Investors are generally most attracted to those new companies distinguished by their strong co-founding team, a balanced \"risk/reward\" profile (in which high risk due to the untested, disruptive innovations is balanced out by high potential returns) and \"scalability\" (the likelihood that a start-up can expand its operations by serving more markets or more customers). Attractive startups generally have lower \"bootstrapping\" (self-funding of startups by the founders) costs, higher risk, and higher potential return on investment. Successful startups are typically more scalable than an established business, in the sense that the startup has the potential to grow rapidly with a limited investment of capital, labor or land. Timing has often been the single most important factor for biggest startup successes, while at the same time it's identified to be one of the hardest things to master by many serial entrepreneurs and investors.",0,null,"What are the risks for investors funding startups?","At this stage, the risk of losing the investment is tremendously high, because there are so many uncertain factors. The market research may reveal that there is no demand for the product or service, or it may reveal that there is already established companies serving this demand. Research by J.C. Ruhnka and J.E. Young shows that the risk of losing the investment for the VC firm is around 66.2% and the causation of major risk by stage of development is 72% .  The Harvard report by William R. Kerr, Josh Lerner, and Antoinette Schoar, however, shows evidence that angel-funded startup companies are less likely to fail than companies that rely on other forms of initial financing.",0,null,"Is it risky to invest in a startup?","Angels typically fund a startup at the seed stage of a company. There is a higher risk associated with angel investments as they are dealing with an unproven business model. It's also probable that the company doesn't have a product and, if they have customers, they might not have significant revenue.",0,null,"What are the risks of investing in startups?","At this stage, the risk of losing the investment is tremendously high, because there are so many uncertain factors. The market research may reveal that there is no demand for the product or service, or it may reveal that there is already established companies serving this demand. Research by J.C. Ruhnka and J.E. Young shows that the risk of losing the investment for the VC firm is around 66.2% and the causation of major risk by stage of development is 72% .  The Harvard report by William R. Kerr, Josh Lerner, and Antoinette Schoar, however, shows evidence that angel-funded startup companies are less likely to fail than companies that rely on other forms of initial financing.",0,null,31,false,"84_5_CAR_0275bfb718b64475376fc1154fa43f118c3a007d","CAR_0275bfb718b64475376fc1154fa43f118c3a007d","84_5_CAR_19e37e12e6828f77be83a9d71827ae74dc6c3462","CAR_19e37e12e6828f77be83a9d71827ae74dc6c3462","84_5_MARCO_1030165","MARCO_1030165",null,"What are the risks of investing in startups?","CAR_19e37e12e6828f77be83a9d71827ae74dc6c3462","84_5_CAR_19e37e12e6828f77be83a9d71827ae74dc6c3462","At this stage, the risk of losing the investment is tremendously high, because there are so many uncertain factors. The market research may reveal that there is no demand for the product or service, or it may reveal that there is already established companies serving this demand. Research by J.C. Ruhnka and J.E. Young shows that the risk of losing the investment for the VC firm is around 66.2% and the causation of major risk by stage of development is 72% .  The Harvard report by William R. Kerr, Josh Lerner, and Antoinette Schoar, however, shows evidence that angel-funded startup companies are less likely to fail than companies that rely on other forms of initial financing.",0]
["What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","84_6","What are the types of instruments employed in the venture capital world?","For debt instruments, banks expect payments of principal and interest. For equity instruments, investors expect ownership in the company, dividends and a return on their investment over time. Regardless of how the business raises financial capital, several types of debt and equity instruments exist.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the different kinds of instruments used by venture capitalists?","Venture capitalists (VC) frequently use convertible equity to invest in startups. Convertible preferred equity blends features of debt and equity into a single security. Typically, the initial investment is structured as a debt claim, earning interest that accrues unpaid by the company.",1,null,"What are some of the instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","Venture capitalists (VC) frequently use convertible equity to invest in startups. Convertible preferred equity blends features of debt and equity into a single security. Typically, the initial investment is structured as a debt claim, earning interest that accrues unpaid by the company.",1,null,"What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","Venture capitalists (VC) frequently use convertible equity to invest in startups. Convertible preferred equity blends features of debt and equity into a single security. Typically, the initial investment is structured as a debt claim, earning interest that accrues unpaid by the company.",1,null,32,true,"84_6_MARCO_7410792","MARCO_7410792","84_6_MARCO_8742505","MARCO_8742505","84_6_MARCO_8742505","MARCO_8742505",null,"What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","MARCO_8742505","84_6_MARCO_8742505","Venture capitalists (VC) frequently use convertible equity to invest in startups. Convertible preferred equity blends features of debt and equity into a single security. Typically, the initial investment is structured as a debt claim, earning interest that accrues unpaid by the company.",1]
["What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","84_6","What are the types of instruments employed in the venture capital world?","There is also an in-depth study of contracts between different types of venture capital funds and entrepreneurial firms, including security design, and detailed cash flow, control and veto rights.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the different kinds of instruments used by venture capitalists?","In the case  of smaller firms, venture capitalists help clients enter the stock market for obtaining substantially larger funds for development, maturation of  technology, product promotion and to meet marketing costs. A major route is through initial public offering (IPO) which invites risk funding by the public for potential high gain. At the same time, the IPOs enable venture capitalists to attempt to recover expenditures already incurred by them through part sale of the stock pre-allotted to them (subsequent to the listing of the stock on the stock exchange). When the IPO is fully subscribed, the assisted enterprise becomes a corporation and can more easily obtain bank loans, etc. if needed.",3,null,"What are some of the instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","Jeffry Timmons’ main contribution to entrepreneurship research was on the subjects of venture capital, about which he co-authored several books. In the 1980s he and William Bygrave conducted a study called “Venture capital's role in financing innovation for economic growth” where they classified 464 venture capital firms with the aim of determining the characteristics of technology-oriented venture capitalists and entrepreneurs. They wanted to find out what factors influenced the supply of venture capital to high-tech firms and if public policy instruments could be used in this process. The result of the study was presented in a number of articles during the 1980s. Timmons and Bygrave came to the conclusion that the number of Venture capital firms and the amount of money raised grew rapidly from 1976 to 1984, due to a considerable tax cut in 1979. They also demonstrated that venture capital firms were far more heterogeneous than generally assumed and that a small percentage of the venture capital firms were responsible for a large part of the investment in highly innovative technological ventures. According to Timmons and Bygrave (1986), these venture capital firms were highly skilled, experienced, and specialized in technology. This expertise was important for the entrepreneurs behind the new ventures, who actively sought out these specialized venture capitalists, whose expertise and contacts they actually valued more highly than the investments.",0,null,"What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","There is also an in-depth study of contracts between different types of venture capital funds and entrepreneurial firms, including security design, and detailed cash flow, control and veto rights.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,32,true,"84_6_MARCO_1957899","MARCO_1957899","84_6_CAR_45b212e24f373bf7239daa99ed62cd158aa74014","CAR_45b212e24f373bf7239daa99ed62cd158aa74014","84_6_CAR_8329c7a01a70742914da116af19de3de55f34d1e","CAR_8329c7a01a70742914da116af19de3de55f34d1e",null,"What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","MARCO_1957899","84_6_MARCO_1957899","There is also an in-depth study of contracts between different types of venture capital funds and entrepreneurial firms, including security design, and detailed cash flow, control and veto rights.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","84_6","What are the types of instruments employed in the venture capital world?","Venture capital (VC) is a type of private equity, a form of financing that is provided by firms or funds to small, early-stage, emerging firms that are deemed to have high growth potential, or which have demonstrated high growth (in terms of number of employees, annual revenue, or both). Venture capital firms or funds invest in these early-stage companies in exchange for equity–an ownership stake–in the companies they invest in. Venture capitalists take on the risk of financing risky start-ups in the hopes that some of the firms they support will become successful. The start-ups are usually based on an innovative technology or business model and they are usually from the high technology industries, such as information technology (IT), social media or biotechnology.",0,null,"What are the different kinds of instruments used by venture capitalists?","Jeffry Timmons’ main contribution to entrepreneurship research was on the subjects of venture capital, about which he co-authored several books. In the 1980s he and William Bygrave conducted a study called “Venture capital's role in financing innovation for economic growth” where they classified 464 venture capital firms with the aim of determining the characteristics of technology-oriented venture capitalists and entrepreneurs. They wanted to find out what factors influenced the supply of venture capital to high-tech firms and if public policy instruments could be used in this process. The result of the study was presented in a number of articles during the 1980s. Timmons and Bygrave came to the conclusion that the number of Venture capital firms and the amount of money raised grew rapidly from 1976 to 1984, due to a considerable tax cut in 1979. They also demonstrated that venture capital firms were far more heterogeneous than generally assumed and that a small percentage of the venture capital firms were responsible for a large part of the investment in highly innovative technological ventures. According to Timmons and Bygrave (1986), these venture capital firms were highly skilled, experienced, and specialized in technology. This expertise was important for the entrepreneurs behind the new ventures, who actively sought out these specialized venture capitalists, whose expertise and contacts they actually valued more highly than the investments.",0,null,"What are some of the instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","In the case  of smaller firms, venture capitalists help clients enter the stock market for obtaining substantially larger funds for development, maturation of  technology, product promotion and to meet marketing costs. A major route is through initial public offering (IPO) which invites risk funding by the public for potential high gain. At the same time, the IPOs enable venture capitalists to attempt to recover expenditures already incurred by them through part sale of the stock pre-allotted to them (subsequent to the listing of the stock on the stock exchange). When the IPO is fully subscribed, the assisted enterprise becomes a corporation and can more easily obtain bank loans, etc. if needed.",3,null,"What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","Venture capital (VC) is a type of private equity, a form of financing that is provided by firms or funds to small, early-stage, emerging firms that are deemed to have high growth potential, or which have demonstrated high growth (in terms of number of employees, annual revenue, or both). Venture capital firms or funds invest in these early-stage companies in exchange for equity–an ownership stake–in the companies they invest in. Venture capitalists take on the risk of financing risky start-ups in the hopes that some of the firms they support will become successful. The start-ups are usually based on an innovative technology or business model and they are usually from the high technology industries, such as information technology (IT), social media or biotechnology.",0,null,32,true,"84_6_CAR_86b04b70b81f7d048e11d35097b90a08c300c61f","CAR_86b04b70b81f7d048e11d35097b90a08c300c61f","84_6_CAR_8329c7a01a70742914da116af19de3de55f34d1e","CAR_8329c7a01a70742914da116af19de3de55f34d1e","84_6_CAR_45b212e24f373bf7239daa99ed62cd158aa74014","CAR_45b212e24f373bf7239daa99ed62cd158aa74014",null,"What are the different types of instruments used by Venture Capitalists?","CAR_86b04b70b81f7d048e11d35097b90a08c300c61f","84_6_CAR_86b04b70b81f7d048e11d35097b90a08c300c61f","Venture capital (VC) is a type of private equity, a form of financing that is provided by firms or funds to small, early-stage, emerging firms that are deemed to have high growth potential, or which have demonstrated high growth (in terms of number of employees, annual revenue, or both). Venture capital firms or funds invest in these early-stage companies in exchange for equity–an ownership stake–in the companies they invest in. Venture capitalists take on the risk of financing risky start-ups in the hopes that some of the firms they support will become successful. The start-ups are usually based on an innovative technology or business model and they are usually from the high technology industries, such as information technology (IT), social media or biotechnology.",0]
["How much does a Lamborghini cost?","85_1","How much is a Lamborghini?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. The Murcielago has the â€œLP640 Coupeâ€\u009d that retails for $355,000 and the â€œLP640 Roadster,â€\u009d which retails for around $385,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost to buy?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. The Murcielago has the â€œLP640 Coupeâ€\u009d that retails for $355,000 and the â€œLP640 Roadster,â€\u009d which retails for around $385,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,null,"How much does it cost to own a Lamborghini?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. The Murcielago has the â€œLP640 Coupeâ€\u009d that retails for $355,000 and the â€œLP640 Roadster,â€\u009d which retails for around $385,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. The Murcielago has the â€œLP640 Coupeâ€\u009d that retails for $355,000 and the â€œLP640 Roadster,â€\u009d which retails for around $385,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,null,33,false,"85_1_MARCO_2375621","MARCO_2375621","85_1_MARCO_2375621","MARCO_2375621","85_1_MARCO_2375621","MARCO_2375621",null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost?","MARCO_2375621","85_1_MARCO_2375621","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. The Murcielago has the â€œLP640 Coupeâ€\u009d that retails for $355,000 and the â€œLP640 Roadster,â€\u009d which retails for around $385,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4]
["How much does a Lamborghini cost?","85_1","How much is a Lamborghini?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost to buy?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,null,"How much does it cost to own a Lamborghini?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4,null,33,false,"85_1_MARCO_541977","MARCO_541977","85_1_MARCO_541977","MARCO_541977","85_1_MARCO_541977","MARCO_541977",null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost?","MARCO_541977","85_1_MARCO_541977","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. A Murcielago, the more popular model, has an MSRP around $360,000 to as much as $455,000. Many Lamborghini dealers will also lease out their cars to qualified individuals.",4]
["How much does a Lamborghini cost?","85_1","How much is a Lamborghini?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000.",4,null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost to buy?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000.",4,null,"How much does it cost to own a Lamborghini?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000.",4,null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost?","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000.",4,null,33,false,"85_1_MARCO_541979","MARCO_541979","85_1_MARCO_541979","MARCO_541979","85_1_MARCO_541979","MARCO_541979",null,"How much does a Lamborghini cost?","MARCO_541979","85_1_MARCO_541979","How much does a Lamborghini cost? A Gallardo has an MSRP which can be anywhere from $200,000 to $230,000. The price, like other cars, will depend on the features you want to add. For example, the Gallardo has the â€œLP560-4 Coupeâ€\u009d which can cost about $200,000, and the â€œSpyder Convertibleâ€\u009d retails for around $225,000.",4]
["How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","85_2","How would a Ferrari and Lamborghini compare?","The Lamborghini Aventador is a full-on, range-topping supercar, while the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta is a potent GT-car with supercar performance. Powering the older Lamborghini Aventador is a 6.5-liter V12 engine pumping out 692hp. Consequently, the car can sprint from 0-100km/h in just 2.9 seconds. By comparison, the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta features an even more impressive 6.3-liter front-mounted V12 engine delivering 730hp.",3,null,"How different are the Ferrari and Lamborghini models?","The Lamborghini Aventador is a full-on, range-topping supercar, while the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta is a potent GT-car with supercar performance. Powering the older Lamborghini Aventador is a 6.5-liter V12 engine pumping out 692hp. Consequently, the car can sprint from 0-100km/h in just 2.9 seconds. By comparison, the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta features an even more impressive 6.3-liter front-mounted V12 engine delivering 730hp.",3,null,"How do Lamborghini cars compare to Ferrari?","The Lamborghini Aventador is a full-on, range-topping supercar, while the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta is a potent GT-car with supercar performance. Powering the older Lamborghini Aventador is a 6.5-liter V12 engine pumping out 692hp. Consequently, the car can sprint from 0-100km/h in just 2.9 seconds. By comparison, the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta features an even more impressive 6.3-liter front-mounted V12 engine delivering 730hp.",3,null,"How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","Opinions from WikiAnswers Users: A Lamborghini has more horsepower than a Ferrari, but a Ferrari has more control. Ferraris are proven to be competitive and have 50 years motor racing history behind them, which includes Formula One. Lamborgini doesn't have anywhere near the same racing history.",2,null,34,true,"85_2_MARCO_584979","MARCO_584979","85_2_MARCO_584979","MARCO_584979","85_2_MARCO_584979","MARCO_584979",null,"How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","MARCO_2728292","85_2_MARCO_2728292","Opinions from WikiAnswers Users: A Lamborghini has more horsepower than a Ferrari, but a Ferrari has more control. Ferraris are proven to be competitive and have 50 years motor racing history behind them, which includes Formula One. Lamborgini doesn't have anywhere near the same racing history.",2]
["How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","85_2","How would a Ferrari and Lamborghini compare?","This is a comparison of the styles (including pictures), performance, power, popularity and cost of Ferrari and Lamborghini cars. Lamborghini and Ferrari are both Italian companies that produce popular sports cars. Contents 1 Styles... This is a comparison of the styles (including pictures), performance, power, popularity and cost of Ferrari and Lamborghini cars.",2,null,"How different are the Ferrari and Lamborghini models?","The Lamborghini Gallardo has ten cylinders and the Ferrari has eight cylinders. So the Lamborghini has more power and energy coming from the engine. The Lamborghini Gallardo and the Ferrari 458 Italia have many differences that make each car unique and extraordinary in their own way.",2,null,"How do Lamborghini cars compare to Ferrari?","Opinions from WikiAnswers Users: A Lamborghini has more horsepower than a Ferrari, but a Ferrari has more control. Ferraris are proven to be competitive and have 50 years motor racing history behind them, which includes Formula One. Lamborgini doesn't have anywhere near the same racing history.",2,null,"How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","The Lamborghini Aventador is a full-on, range-topping supercar, while the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta is a potent GT-car with supercar performance. Powering the older Lamborghini Aventador is a 6.5-liter V12 engine pumping out 692hp. Consequently, the car can sprint from 0-100km/h in just 2.9 seconds. By comparison, the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta features an even more impressive 6.3-liter front-mounted V12 engine delivering 730hp.",3,null,34,true,"85_2_MARCO_7607524","MARCO_7607524","85_2_MARCO_4838099","MARCO_4838099","85_2_MARCO_2728292","MARCO_2728292",null,"How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","MARCO_584979","85_2_MARCO_584979","The Lamborghini Aventador is a full-on, range-topping supercar, while the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta is a potent GT-car with supercar performance. Powering the older Lamborghini Aventador is a 6.5-liter V12 engine pumping out 692hp. Consequently, the car can sprint from 0-100km/h in just 2.9 seconds. By comparison, the Ferrari F12 Berlinetta features an even more impressive 6.3-liter front-mounted V12 engine delivering 730hp.",3]
["How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","85_2","How would a Ferrari and Lamborghini compare?","Opinions from WikiAnswers Users: A Lamborghini has more horsepower than a Ferrari, but a Ferrari has more control. Ferraris are proven to be competitive and have 50 years motor racing history behind them, which includes Formula One. Lamborgini doesn't have anywhere near the same racing history.",2,null,"How different are the Ferrari and Lamborghini models?","While the Lamborghini is a greater powerhouse, with a larger engine and significantly more torque than the Ferrari, it does not brake as quickly. It is also significantly more expensive than the Ferrari.",2,null,"How do Lamborghini cars compare to Ferrari?","This is a comparison of the styles (including pictures), performance, power, popularity and cost of Ferrari and Lamborghini cars. Lamborghini and Ferrari are both Italian companies that produce popular sports cars. Contents 1 Styles... This is a comparison of the styles (including pictures), performance, power, popularity and cost of Ferrari and Lamborghini cars.",2,null,"How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","While the Lamborghini is a greater powerhouse, with a larger engine and significantly more torque than the Ferrari, it does not brake as quickly. It is also significantly more expensive than the Ferrari.",2,null,34,true,"85_2_MARCO_2728292","MARCO_2728292","85_2_MARCO_3246899","MARCO_3246899","85_2_MARCO_7607524","MARCO_7607524",null,"How does a Lamborghini compare to a Ferrari?","MARCO_3246899","85_2_MARCO_3246899","While the Lamborghini is a greater powerhouse, with a larger engine and significantly more torque than the Ferrari, it does not brake as quickly. It is also significantly more expensive than the Ferrari.",2]
["Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","85_3","How much does a pimped-out truck cost?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a â€œtotally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle.â€\u009d.",4,null,"How much would a pimped-out food truck cost?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a â€œtotally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle.â€\u009d.",4,null,"What does a pimped-out food truck cost?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a totally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle..",4,null,"Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a totally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle..",4,null,35,false,"85_3_MARCO_1091415","MARCO_1091415","85_3_MARCO_1091415","MARCO_1091415","85_3_MARCO_2228679","MARCO_2228679",null,"Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","MARCO_2228679","85_3_MARCO_2228679","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a totally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle..",4]
["Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","85_3","How much does a pimped-out truck cost?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a totally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle..",4,null,"How much would a pimped-out food truck cost?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a totally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle..",4,null,"What does a pimped-out food truck cost?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a â€œtotally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle.â€\u009d.",4,null,"Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a â€œtotally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle.â€\u009d.",4,null,35,false,"85_3_MARCO_2228679","MARCO_2228679","85_3_MARCO_2228679","MARCO_2228679","85_3_MARCO_1091415","MARCO_1091415",null,"Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","MARCO_1091415","85_3_MARCO_1091415","The cost of a food truck varies wildly across the United States, but Matt says in the Bay Area an owner should expect to spend about $50,000 on the cheapest end. That figure can range all the way up to $200,000 for a â€œtotally customized, pimped-out, brand new construction vehicle.â€\u009d.",4]
["Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","85_3","How much does a pimped-out truck cost?","How Much does a Used Semi Truck Cost? The range on commercial trucks is pretty large, and depends on the age, condition, model, and miles on the truck. In general, almost new models can run up to $100,000, while a 7-year old truck is often between $40,000 and $60,000.aying huge interest rates on a truck could mean paying a $2,000 truck payment versus a $1,500 payment if you had better credit. That means taking home $8,000 instead of $8,500 a month driving your own rig, versus taking home $4,000 driving a truck that someone else owns.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much would a pimped-out food truck cost?","Forbes Magazine, estimates that an average cost for a food truck is closer to $50,000 - $70,000. This price would include a gently used food truck and â€œreasonableâ€\u009d remodels. If you are willing to spend between $50,000 - $100,000 you can get extra bells and whistles or a completely new truck.",3,null,"What does a pimped-out food truck cost?","For example, a used hotdog cart may cost under $2,500, while a retrofitted used food truck would typically cost $30,000 or more. A newly designed food truck retrofitted MFPV with new all equipment could cost you upward of $100,000. Complying with health-department rules and regulations can also drive up food-truck costs.",4,null,"Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","1 Mobile-cuisine.com said that a food truck wrap can cost anywhere from $2,500 up to $5,000. 2  RoamingHunger.com claimed that their quotes ranged anywhere from $2,500 to as much as $5,000. 3  Food Truck wraps are done the same way as any car wrap, by applying a thin vinyl film across the body of the vehicle.",1,null,35,false,"85_3_MARCO_1490733","MARCO_1490733","85_3_MARCO_7393098","MARCO_7393098","85_3_MARCO_7437396","MARCO_7437396",null,"Interesting. How much does a pimped-out food truck cost?","MARCO_5661474","85_3_MARCO_5661474","1 Mobile-cuisine.com said that a food truck wrap can cost anywhere from $2,500 up to $5,000. 2  RoamingHunger.com claimed that their quotes ranged anywhere from $2,500 to as much as $5,000. 3  Food Truck wraps are done the same way as any car wrap, by applying a thin vinyl film across the body of the vehicle.",1]
["What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","85_4","What licenses do I need to be a food truck owner?","As a food truck owner you would also need to have a Food Safety Handlerâ€™s certification and even your truck itself needs to be certified as well through the Housing & Community Development (HCD Department)â€¦and if you operate in multiple counties or in different cities, you would need a whole new set of credentials for those locations as well.",3,null,"What permits are required to operate a pimped-out truck?","Health Permit. One of the first things you need to do as a food truck operator is get your health permit, which will determine where youâ€™re legal to serve. That will, in turn, determine so much of your service: the location, hours, your audience, and other street food vendors you may partner with.",2,null,"What licenses do I need for a food truck operation?","Health Permit. One of the first things you need to do as a food truck operator is get your health permit, which will determine where youâ€™re legal to serve. That will, in turn, determine so much of your service: the location, hours, your audience, and other street food vendors you may partner with.",2,null,"What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","Health Permit. One of the first things you need to do as a food truck operator is get your health permit, which will determine where youâ€™re legal to serve. That will, in turn, determine so much of your service: the location, hours, your audience, and other street food vendors you may partner with.",2,null,36,true,"85_4_MARCO_5298496","MARCO_5298496","85_4_MARCO_5340624","MARCO_5340624","85_4_MARCO_5340624","MARCO_5340624",null,"What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","MARCO_5340624","85_4_MARCO_5340624","Health Permit. One of the first things you need to do as a food truck operator is get your health permit, which will determine where youâ€™re legal to serve. That will, in turn, determine so much of your service: the location, hours, your audience, and other street food vendors you may partner with.",2]
["What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","85_4","What licenses do I need to be a food truck owner?","Most food truck owners will need an Employer Identification Number (EIN) and will need to register for additional licenses and tax-specific identification numbers in their states. We covered these topics in last weekâ€™s post, and you can also find more information by clicking on the links from the SBA page.",2,null,"What permits are required to operate a pimped-out truck?","Legal definitions and requirements for food trucks vary widely by country and locality. For example, in Toronto, Canada, some of the requirements include business and liability insurance, a Commercial Vehicle Operator’s Registration for the truck, permits for each municipality being operated in (downtown, various suburbs), a food handler certificate, appropriate driver's licenses for drivers, assistant's licenses for assistants, and a health inspection.",4,null,"What licenses do I need for a food truck operation?","Legal definitions and requirements for food trucks vary widely by country and locality. For example, in Toronto, Canada, some of the requirements include business and liability insurance, a Commercial Vehicle Operator’s Registration for the truck, permits for each municipality being operated in (downtown, various suburbs), a food handler certificate, appropriate driver's licenses for drivers, assistant's licenses for assistants, and a health inspection.",4,null,"What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","Legal definitions and requirements for food trucks vary widely by country and locality. For example, in Toronto, Canada, some of the requirements include business and liability insurance, a Commercial Vehicle Operator’s Registration for the truck, permits for each municipality being operated in (downtown, various suburbs), a food handler certificate, appropriate driver's licenses for drivers, assistant's licenses for assistants, and a health inspection.",4,null,36,true,"85_4_MARCO_1490459","MARCO_1490459","85_4_CAR_ddb17bf9b00536f2f8546e0c0ed839a280783c27","CAR_ddb17bf9b00536f2f8546e0c0ed839a280783c27","85_4_CAR_ddb17bf9b00536f2f8546e0c0ed839a280783c27","CAR_ddb17bf9b00536f2f8546e0c0ed839a280783c27",null,"What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","CAR_ddb17bf9b00536f2f8546e0c0ed839a280783c27","85_4_CAR_ddb17bf9b00536f2f8546e0c0ed839a280783c27","Legal definitions and requirements for food trucks vary widely by country and locality. For example, in Toronto, Canada, some of the requirements include business and liability insurance, a Commercial Vehicle Operator’s Registration for the truck, permits for each municipality being operated in (downtown, various suburbs), a food handler certificate, appropriate driver's licenses for drivers, assistant's licenses for assistants, and a health inspection.",4]
["What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","85_4","What licenses do I need to be a food truck owner?","Health Permit. One of the first things you need to do as a food truck operator is get your health permit, which will determine where youâ€™re legal to serve. That will, in turn, determine so much of your service: the location, hours, your audience, and other street food vendors you may partner with.",2,null,"What permits are required to operate a pimped-out truck?","An oversize permit is a document obtained from a state, county, city or province (Canada) to authorize travel in the specified jurisdiction for oversize/overweight truck movement.  In most cases it will list the hauler's name, the description of the load and its dimensions, and a route they are required to travel.  They may be obtained from the transportation department/agency of the issuing jurisdiction or from a company specializing in transportation permits, called a permit service.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What licenses do I need for a food truck operation?","Food carts and trucks in the City must be licensed. You must have a license, which is a photo ID badge, to run a food-selling business from a pushcart or truck, either year-round or seasonally. This license is called a Mobile Food Vendor Personal License.",4,null,"What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","To sell food on the streets, you will need a general business license a DBA and a sellers permit. Step 2. First, prepare your truck or food cart, and obtain the general business license, a DBA registration if you use a trade name such as Street Food is Good Food, and also obtain a sellers permit.",2,null,36,true,"85_4_MARCO_5340624","MARCO_5340624","85_4_CAR_201276f32a4d0ee4861439cea1eb3957a7e52b53","CAR_201276f32a4d0ee4861439cea1eb3957a7e52b53","85_4_MARCO_4157151","MARCO_4157151",null,"What licenses and permits are needed for a food truck?","MARCO_7568685","85_4_MARCO_7568685","To sell food on the streets, you will need a general business license a DBA and a sellers permit. Step 2. First, prepare your truck or food cart, and obtain the general business license, a DBA registration if you use a trade name such as Street Food is Good Food, and also obtain a sellers permit.",2]
["What makes a good food truck location?","85_5","What are some of the best food truck locations?","Food trucks, food trucks everywhere. There are over 3 million food trucks around the United States, with the top cities for food truckage being Los Angeles, New York, Austin, Chicago, Houston, Portland, Cleveland, Washington, D.C., Boston, and Miami. (Source) This yearâ€™s food trucks were dominated by tasty tacos, Korean-fusion foods, and, of course, good old-fashioned french fries.",4,null,"How do successful food trucks choose their location?","The three drive the food truck across the country back to Los Angeles, serving top-quality Cuban sandwiches and yuca fries. Percy finds ways to promote the food truck on social media websites, and the truck becomes successful in New Orleans and Austin, Texas, where the daily specials include items made with local ingredients such as po' boys and barbecued brisket.",0,null,"What are some good locations for food trucks?","Research locations. With a food truck, you can travel to new locations and develop multiple customer bases. You should research prime selling spots, such as business parks, farmerâ€™s markets or roaming food truck events. Zoning regulations and other restrictions may limit your options, however.",4,null,"What makes a good food truck location?","Prior to opening a restaurant location, the business functioned primarily as a mobile kitchen or food truck. The trucks make scheduled stops in the mornings, afternoons and evenings in highly commercial areas, in areas that appeal to consumers in the white-collar workforce, in addition to manual laborers, the stereotypical customers for such establishments. Example stops include tech-industry hubs like the offices of Google, NCSoft, and BioWare. Another part of the service is catering for parties, corporate events, promotions, weddings, festivals, conventions, and various large social events in the area.",4,null,37,false,"85_5_MARCO_3360846","MARCO_3360846","85_5_CAR_8d575983dbb23ffd314c351e2b31558d0e08d52c","CAR_8d575983dbb23ffd314c351e2b31558d0e08d52c","85_5_MARCO_1490466","MARCO_1490466",null,"What makes a good food truck location?","CAR_c20a9ae9684abfa2b3400cd5c2ed10577c9b1e7d","85_5_CAR_c20a9ae9684abfa2b3400cd5c2ed10577c9b1e7d","Prior to opening a restaurant location, the business functioned primarily as a mobile kitchen or food truck. The trucks make scheduled stops in the mornings, afternoons and evenings in highly commercial areas, in areas that appeal to consumers in the white-collar workforce, in addition to manual laborers, the stereotypical customers for such establishments. Example stops include tech-industry hubs like the offices of Google, NCSoft, and BioWare. Another part of the service is catering for parties, corporate events, promotions, weddings, festivals, conventions, and various large social events in the area.",4]
["What makes a good food truck location?","85_5","What are some of the best food truck locations?","Research locations. With a food truck, you can travel to new locations and develop multiple customer bases. You should research prime selling spots, such as business parks, farmerâ€™s markets or roaming food truck events. Zoning regulations and other restrictions may limit your options, however.",4,null,"How do successful food trucks choose their location?","â€œFood trucks must face many barriers in order to break through and find success. These include overcoming a lack of physical location, meeting governmental regulations, finding a way to achieve operational efficiencies, and meeting the needs of mobile consumers.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some good locations for food trucks?","Food trucks, food trucks everywhere. There are over 3 million food trucks around the United States, with the top cities for food truckage being Los Angeles, New York, Austin, Chicago, Houston, Portland, Cleveland, Washington, D.C., Boston, and Miami. (Source) This yearâ€™s food trucks were dominated by tasty tacos, Korean-fusion foods, and, of course, good old-fashioned french fries.",4,null,"What makes a good food truck location?","Research locations. With a food truck, you can travel to new locations and develop multiple customer bases. You should research prime selling spots, such as business parks, farmerâ€™s markets or roaming food truck events. Zoning regulations and other restrictions may limit your options, however.",4,null,37,false,"85_5_MARCO_1490466","MARCO_1490466","85_5_MARCO_3633611","MARCO_3633611","85_5_MARCO_3360846","MARCO_3360846",null,"What makes a good food truck location?","MARCO_1490466","85_5_MARCO_1490466","Research locations. With a food truck, you can travel to new locations and develop multiple customer bases. You should research prime selling spots, such as business parks, farmerâ€™s markets or roaming food truck events. Zoning regulations and other restrictions may limit your options, however.",4]
["What makes a good food truck location?","85_5","What are some of the best food truck locations?","Search now to learn about, locate, contact, and hire mobile food vendors! Featuring food trucks in over 1,300 cities from Austin to Boston, Chicago to Columbus, Englewood, NJ to Englewood CO, Fort Wayne to Fort Worth, Los Angeles to Louisville, Portland to Providence. View the complete list of cities.",0,null,"How do successful food trucks choose their location?","Many food truck owners have found that their sales increase when they sell in a food truck park or at an event attended by other food trucks because people are more likely to buy one thing from each truck so that they can sample everything.",4,null,"What are some good locations for food trucks?","Food trucks have become a popular phenomenon in Tampa and St. Petersburg, Florida. Food trucks have a large following in and around downtown Tampa and have been supported by Tampa mayor Bob Buckhorn who organized a monthly food truck rally downtown. There is also an evening of food trucks and short movies (Flicks and Food Trucks) between downtown and the Channelside District. Food truck rallies drawing thousands of people have taken place in Seminole Heights and South Tampa. A regular food truck event is also held at the farmer's market in Odessa, Florida with live music.",3,null,"What makes a good food truck location?","The now-defunct Real Good Truck. There are many reasons why a food truck may not succeed. The first things that come to mind are the menu, bad locations, poor marketing and branding, problems with employees and staffing, or not have enough dough (and we donâ€™t mean the bakery kind).",0,null,37,false,"85_5_MARCO_1790520","MARCO_1790520","85_5_MARCO_7437390","MARCO_7437390","85_5_CAR_4225c1d6437458f2b7c99ca1d526f5452873b850","CAR_4225c1d6437458f2b7c99ca1d526f5452873b850",null,"What makes a good food truck location?","MARCO_6213688","85_5_MARCO_6213688","The now-defunct Real Good Truck. There are many reasons why a food truck may not succeed. The first things that come to mind are the menu, bad locations, poor marketing and branding, problems with employees and staffing, or not have enough dough (and we donâ€™t mean the bakery kind).",0]
["What is a typical day like running a food truck?","85_6","What are the daily routines of a food truck owner?","This is one of the biggest misconceptions about the food truck industry. So, letâ€™s break down the actual hours a food truck owner may work: Prep before lunch service = 2 hours. Lunch shift = 3 hours. Clean up = 1 hour. Trip to store for supplies = 1 hour.",4,null,"How is the day like running a food truck?","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",4,null,"What are some of the day-to-day activities during a food truck operation?","For the lunch rush, which is primarily where a food truck is going to be doing their business for the day, there's hours of prep, loading, parking, setup â€¦ hours of cleaning and potentially prep for the next day, said Weber. You can easily work an eight- to 10-hour day for two hours of service..",3,null,"What is a typical day like running a food truck?","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",4,null,38,true,"85_6_MARCO_2524409","MARCO_2524409","85_6_MARCO_5768036","MARCO_5768036","85_6_MARCO_5768030","MARCO_5768030",null,"What is a typical day like running a food truck?","MARCO_5768036","85_6_MARCO_5768036","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",4]
["What is a typical day like running a food truck?","85_6","What are the daily routines of a food truck owner?","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",4,null,"How is the day like running a food truck?","For the lunch rush, which is primarily where a food truck is going to be doing their business for the day, there's hours of prep, loading, parking, setup â€¦ hours of cleaning and potentially prep for the next day, said Weber. You can easily work an eight- to 10-hour day for two hours of service..",3,null,"What are some of the day-to-day activities during a food truck operation?","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",4,null,"What is a typical day like running a food truck?","For the lunch rush, which is primarily where a food truck is going to be doing their business for the day, there's hours of prep, loading, parking, setup â€¦ hours of cleaning and potentially prep for the next day, said Weber. You can easily work an eight- to 10-hour day for two hours of service..",3,null,38,true,"85_6_MARCO_5768036","MARCO_5768036","85_6_MARCO_5768030","MARCO_5768030","85_6_MARCO_5768036","MARCO_5768036",null,"What is a typical day like running a food truck?","MARCO_5768030","85_6_MARCO_5768030","For the lunch rush, which is primarily where a food truck is going to be doing their business for the day, there's hours of prep, loading, parking, setup â€¦ hours of cleaning and potentially prep for the next day, said Weber. You can easily work an eight- to 10-hour day for two hours of service..",3]
["What is a typical day like running a food truck?","85_6","What are the daily routines of a food truck owner?","We have learned that this industry relies on the cooperation of other food truck owners, local businesses and suppliers. There is more to the back end of the business which we didnâ€™t realize before starting it. There is networking, finding reliable suppliers and food preparation, lots of food preparation.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How is the day like running a food truck?","1 Running a food truck is easy. 2  Youâ€™ll get rich running a food truck. 3  If you love to cook, you should open a food truck.  Because youâ€™ve worked in a food truck, youâ€™re ready to run the 1  show. Youâ€™re going to become a celebrity chef.  Food trucks compete unfairly with 1  restaurants. Food trucks donâ€™t pay 2  rent. Food trucks go only to trendy  areas.",1,null,"What are some of the day-to-day activities during a food truck operation?","A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.  Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch. Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common. In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular. Food trucks, along with portable food booths and food carts, are on the front line of the street food industry that serves an estimated 2.5 billion people every day.",1,null,"What is a typical day like running a food truck?","A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.  Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch. Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common. In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular. Food trucks, along with portable food booths and food carts, are on the front line of the street food industry that serves an estimated 2.5 billion people every day.",1,null,38,true,"85_6_MARCO_5298498","MARCO_5298498","85_6_MARCO_5768031","MARCO_5768031","85_6_CAR_f5eb3f15079fafbea5cb667595db6064e4a325cc","CAR_f5eb3f15079fafbea5cb667595db6064e4a325cc",null,"What is a typical day like running a food truck?","CAR_f5eb3f15079fafbea5cb667595db6064e4a325cc","85_6_CAR_f5eb3f15079fafbea5cb667595db6064e4a325cc","A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food.  Some, including ice cream trucks, sell frozen or prepackaged food; others have on-board kitchens and prepare food from scratch. Sandwiches, hamburgers, french fries, and other regional fast food fare is common. In recent years, associated with the pop-up restaurant phenomenon, food trucks offering gourmet cuisine and a variety of specialties and ethnic menus, have become particularly popular. Food trucks, along with portable food booths and food carts, are on the front line of the street food industry that serves an estimated 2.5 billion people every day.",1]
["How can I run a successful food truck?","85_7","How can I manage a successful food truck?","Talk with someone who already owns a food truck and negotiate a lease or a rental agreement. Start with a low-cost, used cart or trailer. Start selling at a farmers market, art fair booth or pop-up. Talk to a successful restaurant owner about running a food truck for the ownerêžŒs business.",2,null,"How do you run a good food truck?","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",3,null,"What factors influenced the success of a food truck?","Tracking food trucks has been made easy with social media like Facebook and Twitter, where a favorite gourmet truck can be located at any moment, with updates on specials, new menu items and location changes. In fact, it could be argued that social media was the biggest contributing factor to the breakthrough success of the gourmet food truck. In addition to social media, there are a number of food truck tracking apps for smartphones: some cover specific geographical regions, others work everywhere.",3,null,"How can I run a successful food truck?","Talk with someone who already owns a food truck and negotiate a lease or a rental agreement. Start with a low-cost, used cart or trailer. Start selling at a farmers market, art fair booth or pop-up. Talk to a successful restaurant owner about running a food truck for the ownerêžŒs business.",2,null,39,false,"85_7_MARCO_6637836","MARCO_6637836","85_7_MARCO_5768036","MARCO_5768036","85_7_CAR_99a90e94458f757d9e662bbefa3a536d91be43de","CAR_99a90e94458f757d9e662bbefa3a536d91be43de",null,"How can I run a successful food truck?","MARCO_6637836","85_7_MARCO_6637836","Talk with someone who already owns a food truck and negotiate a lease or a rental agreement. Start with a low-cost, used cart or trailer. Start selling at a farmers market, art fair booth or pop-up. Talk to a successful restaurant owner about running a food truck for the ownerêžŒs business.",2]
["How can I run a successful food truck?","85_7","How can I manage a successful food truck?","Research locations. With a food truck, you can travel to new locations and develop multiple customer bases. You should research prime selling spots, such as business parks, farmerâ€™s markets or roaming food truck events. Zoning regulations and other restrictions may limit your options, however.",3,null,"How do you run a good food truck?","Here are nine tips for potential food truck operators: 1  How to find your food truck. 2  You can get a food truck for as little as $25,000 and for as much as $125,000.3  But donâ€™t cut corners on your build, says Chris Johnston, owner and founder of Cheesie's Pub & Grub and food truck in Chicago.ere are nine tips for potential food truck operators: 1  How to find your food truck. 2  Secure a commissary. 3  Be creative. 4  Consider catering for private events and festivals. 5  Find customers on social media. 6  Educate customers on cleanliness. 7  Be a good neighbor. 8  Know the laws. 9  Connect with your community.",2,null,"What factors influenced the success of a food truck?","â€œFood trucks must face many barriers in order to break through and find success. These include overcoming a lack of physical location, meeting governmental regulations, finding a way to achieve operational efficiencies, and meeting the needs of mobile consumers.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How can I run a successful food truck?","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",3,null,39,false,"85_7_MARCO_1490466","MARCO_1490466","85_7_MARCO_8598009","MARCO_8598009","85_7_MARCO_3633611","MARCO_3633611",null,"How can I run a successful food truck?","MARCO_5768036","85_7_MARCO_5768036","Running a food truck is easy. To run a food truck, you need to be on the streets six or seven days a week serving lunch and dinner, not to mention the need to be present at any food truck event that pops up. Owning a food truck means working a majority of your waking hours, especially at the start of your business.",3]
["How can I run a successful food truck?","85_7","How can I manage a successful food truck?","â€œFood trucks must face many barriers in order to break through and find success. These include overcoming a lack of physical location, meeting governmental regulations, finding a way to achieve operational efficiencies, and meeting the needs of mobile consumers.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How do you run a good food truck?","1 Running a food truck is easy. 2  Youâ€™ll get rich running a food truck. 3  If you love to cook, you should open a food truck.  Because youâ€™ve worked in a food truck, youâ€™re ready to run the 1  show. Youâ€™re going to become a celebrity chef.  Food trucks compete unfairly with 1  restaurants. Food trucks donâ€™t pay 2  rent. Food trucks go only to trendy  areas.",1,null,"What factors influenced the success of a food truck?","In recent years, the food truck resurgence was fueled by a combination of post-recessionary factors. Due to an apparent combination of economic and technological factors combined with street food being \"hip\" or \"chic\", there has been an increase in the number of food trucks in the United States. The construction business was drying up, leading to a surplus of food trucks, and chefs from high-end restaurants were being laid off. For experienced cooks suddenly without work, the food truck seemed a clear choice.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How can I run a successful food truck?","â€œFood trucks must face many barriers in order to break through and find success. These include overcoming a lack of physical location, meeting governmental regulations, finding a way to achieve operational efficiencies, and meeting the needs of mobile consumers.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,39,false,"85_7_MARCO_3633611","MARCO_3633611","85_7_MARCO_5768031","MARCO_5768031","85_7_CAR_52face0d6773e1173b3c86def026b3e18730edcd","CAR_52face0d6773e1173b3c86def026b3e18730edcd",null,"How can I run a successful food truck?","MARCO_3633611","85_7_MARCO_3633611","â€œFood trucks must face many barriers in order to break through and find success. These include overcoming a lack of physical location, meeting governmental regulations, finding a way to achieve operational efficiencies, and meeting the needs of mobile consumers.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3]
["What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","85_8","What are the best examples of successful food trucks to emulate?","GCG has become an example of \"highly successful\" food carts. Lonely Planet considers the GCG to be one of the top food carts of Portland. In 2009, the GCG won the People's Choice trophy at the Eat Mobile, Willamette Week's annual food cart contest.",3,null,"What's the best example of a successful food truck?","GCG has become an example of \"highly successful\" food carts. Lonely Planet considers the GCG to be one of the top food carts of Portland. In 2009, the GCG won the People's Choice trophy at the Eat Mobile, Willamette Week's annual food cart contest.",3,null,"What are some cases of profitable food trucks to study?","Food Truck Case Study â€“ This is a case study with Anthony Salvagno that takes you through the full-process of starting a food truck in real time. Thereâ€™s a full episode on how much was invested in the food truck. If you want a real-world example of how to start a food truck this series is it.",1,null,"What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","Food Truck Case Study â€“ This is a case study with Anthony Salvagno that takes you through the full-process of starting a food truck in real time. Thereâ€™s a full episode on how much was invested in the food truck. If you want a real-world example of how to start a food truck this series is it.",1,null,40,true,"85_8_CAR_2d9953a5bd700cef7d28682e80ae42ef33d56f82","CAR_2d9953a5bd700cef7d28682e80ae42ef33d56f82","85_8_CAR_2d9953a5bd700cef7d28682e80ae42ef33d56f82","CAR_2d9953a5bd700cef7d28682e80ae42ef33d56f82","85_8_MARCO_1091420","MARCO_1091420",null,"What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","MARCO_1091420","85_8_MARCO_1091420","Food Truck Case Study â€“ This is a case study with Anthony Salvagno that takes you through the full-process of starting a food truck in real time. Thereâ€™s a full episode on how much was invested in the food truck. If you want a real-world example of how to start a food truck this series is it.",1]
["What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","85_8","What are the best examples of successful food trucks to emulate?","Food Truck Case Study â€“ This is a case study with Anthony Salvagno that takes you through the full-process of starting a food truck in real time. Thereâ€™s a full episode on how much was invested in the food truck. If you want a real-world example of how to start a food truck this series is it.",1,null,"What's the best example of a successful food truck?","An Eat St. app for iPhone was released in 2011. It allows users to discover the food trucks in their area, as well as share tips and photos with others on their favourite street food destinations.  The Eat St. app has been relaunched from its original version in a new and improved version 2.0.  The app has been used by over 300,000 food lovers across North America, allowing them to weigh in on their favourite street eats.  It also includes video clips and recipes from vendors that have appeared on the show.  Using this app, users can learn about the vendors in their area, and share their experiences with their community as well as tourists.  The app is very interactive as vendors can update their location using GPS if available on their smart phones, so their biggest fans can know when they are in the area.  The Eat St. app brings food truck fanatics together, and allows them to interact through a shared love.  The app is also a prime example of how successful the food truck industry has become, as well as how successful the TV show has been.",3,null,"What are some cases of profitable food trucks to study?","Maybe you do a big lunch but now can do dinner. Maybe you do a good dinner but can now do lunch. Maybe you do a good lunch and dinner but can now hit the most profitable dining segement in the food truck business- after bar crowd! Maybe you can now do breakfast. Better purchasing power meaning lower food costs since you now have 2 outlets instead of 1.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","An Eat St. app for iPhone was released in 2011. It allows users to discover the food trucks in their area, as well as share tips and photos with others on their favourite street food destinations.  The Eat St. app has been relaunched from its original version in a new and improved version 2.0.  The app has been used by over 300,000 food lovers across North America, allowing them to weigh in on their favourite street eats.  It also includes video clips and recipes from vendors that have appeared on the show.  Using this app, users can learn about the vendors in their area, and share their experiences with their community as well as tourists.  The app is very interactive as vendors can update their location using GPS if available on their smart phones, so their biggest fans can know when they are in the area.  The Eat St. app brings food truck fanatics together, and allows them to interact through a shared love.  The app is also a prime example of how successful the food truck industry has become, as well as how successful the TV show has been.",3,null,40,true,"85_8_MARCO_1091420","MARCO_1091420","85_8_CAR_8db2e3a7ec460617aa253e35571515043e47ac3a","CAR_8db2e3a7ec460617aa253e35571515043e47ac3a","85_8_MARCO_2524410","MARCO_2524410",null,"What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","CAR_8db2e3a7ec460617aa253e35571515043e47ac3a","85_8_CAR_8db2e3a7ec460617aa253e35571515043e47ac3a","An Eat St. app for iPhone was released in 2011. It allows users to discover the food trucks in their area, as well as share tips and photos with others on their favourite street food destinations.  The Eat St. app has been relaunched from its original version in a new and improved version 2.0.  The app has been used by over 300,000 food lovers across North America, allowing them to weigh in on their favourite street eats.  It also includes video clips and recipes from vendors that have appeared on the show.  Using this app, users can learn about the vendors in their area, and share their experiences with their community as well as tourists.  The app is very interactive as vendors can update their location using GPS if available on their smart phones, so their biggest fans can know when they are in the area.  The Eat St. app brings food truck fanatics together, and allows them to interact through a shared love.  The app is also a prime example of how successful the food truck industry has become, as well as how successful the TV show has been.",3]
["What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","85_8","What are the best examples of successful food trucks to emulate?","Kogi Korean BBQ is a fleet of five fusion food trucks in Los Angeles famous both for their combination of Korean with Mexican food and also for their reliance on Internet technology, especially Twitter and YouTube, to spread information about their offerings and locations. Highlights of typical fare include Spicy Pork Tacos, Kimchi Quesadillas and Short Rib Sliders. Its owner/founder, Mark Manguera, a Filipino-American, married into a Korean family and was inspired to combine Mexican and Korean food as a result. The food truck has won much recognition, including a Bon Appétit Award in 2009 and \"Best New Chef\" for Roy Choi by Food & Wine in 2010, the first for a food truck.",4,null,"What's the best example of a successful food truck?","Food Truck Case Study â€“ This is a case study with Anthony Salvagno that takes you through the full-process of starting a food truck in real time. Thereâ€™s a full episode on how much was invested in the food truck. If you want a real-world example of how to start a food truck this series is it.",1,null,"What are some cases of profitable food trucks to study?","Revenues at a Glance. Food truck author David Weber points to one study of food truck earnings which estimates that top-earning gourmet food trucks make about $65,000 per month in cash and credit sales -- or about $780,000 per year -- although the average truck makes more along the lines of $20,000 per month, or $240,000 annually.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","Basically owning a food truck is your life. Timothy from Flatiron Catering Group. The food truck world is just like a restaurant, itâ€™s dog-eat-dog, and no one is going to help you figure it out. The way to succeed is to earn respect from your fellow food truckers. Paawan from The Chai Cart",3,null,40,true,"85_8_CAR_a783af1bf2bd6aa2f05a724f423086396f3987f1","CAR_a783af1bf2bd6aa2f05a724f423086396f3987f1","85_8_MARCO_1091420","MARCO_1091420","85_8_MARCO_6768254","MARCO_6768254",null,"What are some good examples of successful food trucks to learn from?","MARCO_5298497","85_8_MARCO_5298497","Basically owning a food truck is your life. Timothy from Flatiron Catering Group. The food truck world is just like a restaurant, itâ€™s dog-eat-dog, and no one is going to help you figure it out. The way to succeed is to earn respect from your fellow food truckers. Paawan from The Chai Cart",3]
["Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","85_9","How did Kogi become such an amazing success?","Kogi's first \"big break\" came when it got the idea outside of Green Door in Hollywood to contact food bloggers about trying the tacos who then wrote about Kogi.  Its subsequent use of Twitter to announce its location led to considerable buzz on social networking services, leading Newsweek to proclaim Kogi \"America's first viral eatery\".",4,null,"What makes Kogi so different, besides innovative flavors?","The attraction, however, depends only partly on the flavors. Media accounts emphasize the social aspect of eating at the ever-mobile Kogi. According to the New York Times, \"The truck and its staff of merry makers have become a sort of roving party, bringing people to neighborhoods they might not normally go to, and allowing for interactions with strangers they might not otherwise talk to.\"",4,null,"Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi so successful?","Some vendors operate out of food trucks and food carts, which offer a low overhead for entrepreneurs and often serve a huge variety of cuisines. Like restaurants, they are regulated and subject to inspections by local municipal or county health departments. Food trucks surged in popularity after the success of the Korean–Mexican fusion truck Kogi Korean BBQ in Los Angeles in 2009. According to Smithsonian Magazine, the hip new generation of food trucks \"are the new incubators of culinary innovation,\" with Kogi serving novel concoctions such as kimchi quesadillas, and gourmet ice cream truck Coolhaus serving inventive flavors such as Avocado Sriracha, Brown Butter Candied Bacon, and Fried Chicken & Waffles.",0,null,"Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","The attraction, however, depends only partly on the flavors. Media accounts emphasize the social aspect of eating at the ever-mobile Kogi. According to the New York Times, \"The truck and its staff of merry makers have become a sort of roving party, bringing people to neighborhoods they might not normally go to, and allowing for interactions with strangers they might not otherwise talk to.\"",4,null,41,false,"85_9_CAR_22a27affe62d777e888f78a59526debf3b405645","CAR_22a27affe62d777e888f78a59526debf3b405645","85_9_CAR_4aefb39ee07217dd655e5ffa9d54d1a15be3d177","CAR_4aefb39ee07217dd655e5ffa9d54d1a15be3d177","85_9_CAR_b883f1a3da907f244282172cfdbd01f3e3905d0e","CAR_b883f1a3da907f244282172cfdbd01f3e3905d0e",null,"Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","CAR_4aefb39ee07217dd655e5ffa9d54d1a15be3d177","85_9_CAR_4aefb39ee07217dd655e5ffa9d54d1a15be3d177","The attraction, however, depends only partly on the flavors. Media accounts emphasize the social aspect of eating at the ever-mobile Kogi. According to the New York Times, \"The truck and its staff of merry makers have become a sort of roving party, bringing people to neighborhoods they might not normally go to, and allowing for interactions with strangers they might not otherwise talk to.\"",4]
["Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","85_9","How did Kogi become such an amazing success?","Kogi initially had no fixed location. In the tradition of LA taco trucks, Kogi operated entirely from a mobile vehicle driven around the city and parked for a few hours in different locations, with some preparation done from a home base in Culver City, California.  Its fan base has been built up through effective use of the Internet and cell phones to promote an online \"Kogi Kulture\".  By mid-2009 it had 36,000 Twitter followers, and its first fixed location in the Alibi Room, a local lounge. By mid-2011, Kogi had expanded from the original truck to five.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What makes Kogi so different, besides innovative flavors?","Part of the reason for the sudden and strong interest in Kogi is the food. The New York Times opined, \"The food at Kogi Korean BBQ-To-Go, the taco vendor that has overtaken Los Angeles, does not fit into any known culinary category.\"",0,null,"Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi so successful?","The attraction, however, depends only partly on the flavors. Media accounts emphasize the social aspect of eating at the ever-mobile Kogi. According to the New York Times, \"The truck and its staff of merry makers have become a sort of roving party, bringing people to neighborhoods they might not normally go to, and allowing for interactions with strangers they might not otherwise talk to.\"",4,null,"Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","Some vendors operate out of food trucks and food carts, which offer a low overhead for entrepreneurs and often serve a huge variety of cuisines. Like restaurants, they are regulated and subject to inspections by local municipal or county health departments. Food trucks surged in popularity after the success of the Korean–Mexican fusion truck Kogi Korean BBQ in Los Angeles in 2009. According to Smithsonian Magazine, the hip new generation of food trucks \"are the new incubators of culinary innovation,\" with Kogi serving novel concoctions such as kimchi quesadillas, and gourmet ice cream truck Coolhaus serving inventive flavors such as Avocado Sriracha, Brown Butter Candied Bacon, and Fried Chicken & Waffles.",0,null,41,false,"85_9_CAR_b63e308d01e3a21cd4dd06ed0c4645ea4363d781","CAR_b63e308d01e3a21cd4dd06ed0c4645ea4363d781","85_9_CAR_b5d32dce3749d06968d4d6ca73fe828a408093fa","CAR_b5d32dce3749d06968d4d6ca73fe828a408093fa","85_9_CAR_4aefb39ee07217dd655e5ffa9d54d1a15be3d177","CAR_4aefb39ee07217dd655e5ffa9d54d1a15be3d177",null,"Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","CAR_b883f1a3da907f244282172cfdbd01f3e3905d0e","85_9_CAR_b883f1a3da907f244282172cfdbd01f3e3905d0e","Some vendors operate out of food trucks and food carts, which offer a low overhead for entrepreneurs and often serve a huge variety of cuisines. Like restaurants, they are regulated and subject to inspections by local municipal or county health departments. Food trucks surged in popularity after the success of the Korean–Mexican fusion truck Kogi Korean BBQ in Los Angeles in 2009. According to Smithsonian Magazine, the hip new generation of food trucks \"are the new incubators of culinary innovation,\" with Kogi serving novel concoctions such as kimchi quesadillas, and gourmet ice cream truck Coolhaus serving inventive flavors such as Avocado Sriracha, Brown Butter Candied Bacon, and Fried Chicken & Waffles.",0]
["Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","85_9","How did Kogi become such an amazing success?","The Kogi truck took a while to catch on. After several weeks of parking in different locations and not getting any customers, Kogi began going to clubs and giving free samples to bouncers. They enjoyed them and spread the word.",3,null,"What makes Kogi so different, besides innovative flavors?","Some vendors operate out of food trucks and food carts, which offer a low overhead for entrepreneurs and often serve a huge variety of cuisines. Like restaurants, they are regulated and subject to inspections by local municipal or county health departments. Food trucks surged in popularity after the success of the Korean–Mexican fusion truck Kogi Korean BBQ in Los Angeles in 2009. According to Smithsonian Magazine, the hip new generation of food trucks \"are the new incubators of culinary innovation,\" with Kogi serving novel concoctions such as kimchi quesadillas, and gourmet ice cream truck Coolhaus serving inventive flavors such as Avocado Sriracha, Brown Butter Candied Bacon, and Fried Chicken & Waffles.",0,null,"Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi so successful?","Kogi's first \"big break\" came when it got the idea outside of Green Door in Hollywood to contact food bloggers about trying the tacos who then wrote about Kogi.  Its subsequent use of Twitter to announce its location led to considerable buzz on social networking services, leading Newsweek to proclaim Kogi \"America's first viral eatery\".",4,null,"Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","Kogi's first \"big break\" came when it got the idea outside of Green Door in Hollywood to contact food bloggers about trying the tacos who then wrote about Kogi.  Its subsequent use of Twitter to announce its location led to considerable buzz on social networking services, leading Newsweek to proclaim Kogi \"America's first viral eatery\".",4,null,41,false,"85_9_CAR_1448a8d46d380f5d32666813b66a9ebef0ab11b5","CAR_1448a8d46d380f5d32666813b66a9ebef0ab11b5","85_9_CAR_b883f1a3da907f244282172cfdbd01f3e3905d0e","CAR_b883f1a3da907f244282172cfdbd01f3e3905d0e","85_9_CAR_22a27affe62d777e888f78a59526debf3b405645","CAR_22a27affe62d777e888f78a59526debf3b405645",null,"Besides inventive flavors, what made Kogi successful?","CAR_22a27affe62d777e888f78a59526debf3b405645","85_9_CAR_22a27affe62d777e888f78a59526debf3b405645","Kogi's first \"big break\" came when it got the idea outside of Green Door in Hollywood to contact food bloggers about trying the tacos who then wrote about Kogi.  Its subsequent use of Twitter to announce its location led to considerable buzz on social networking services, leading Newsweek to proclaim Kogi \"America's first viral eatery\".",4]
["What is the climate like in Utah?","86_1","What is the weather like in Utah?","On average, Utah weather is quite temperate. Utah is a semiarid state with dry, high country air and plenty of sunshine. Generally speaking, Utah is best experienced with an extra bottle of water and some sunscreen.",2,null,"What type of weather is in Utah?","On average, Utah weather is quite temperate. Utah is a semiarid state with dry, high country air and plenty of sunshine. Generally speaking, Utah is best experienced with an extra bottle of water and some sunscreen.",2,null,"What weather is Utah known for?","On average, Utah weather is quite temperate. Utah is a semiarid state with dry, high country air and plenty of sunshine. Generally speaking, Utah is best experienced with an extra bottle of water and some sunscreen.",2,null,"What is the climate like in Utah?","Utah-Climate. The climate of Utah is generally semiarid to arid. Temperatures are favorable along the Wasatch Front, where there are relatively mild winters. At Salt Lake City, the normal daily mean temperature is 52Â°F (11Â°C), ranging from 28Â°F (â€“2Â°C) in January to 78Â°F (26Â°C) in July. The record high temperature, 117Â°F (47Â°C), was set at St. George on 5 July 1985; the record low temperature, â€“69Â°F (â€“56Â°C), in Peter's Sink, on 1 February 1985.",2,null,42,true,"86_1_MARCO_4846168","MARCO_4846168","86_1_MARCO_4846168","MARCO_4846168","86_1_MARCO_4846168","MARCO_4846168",null,"What is the climate like in Utah?","MARCO_3989944","86_1_MARCO_3989944","Utah-Climate. The climate of Utah is generally semiarid to arid. Temperatures are favorable along the Wasatch Front, where there are relatively mild winters. At Salt Lake City, the normal daily mean temperature is 52Â°F (11Â°C), ranging from 28Â°F (â€“2Â°C) in January to 78Â°F (26Â°C) in July. The record high temperature, 117Â°F (47Â°C), was set at St. George on 5 July 1985; the record low temperature, â€“69Â°F (â€“56Â°C), in Peter's Sink, on 1 February 1985.",2]
["What is the climate like in Utah?","86_1","What is the weather like in Utah?","On average, Utah weather is quite temperate. Utah is a semiarid state with dry, high country air and plenty of sunshine. Generally speaking, Utah is best experienced with an extra bottle of water and some sunscreen. Stay hydrated and avoid altitude sickness.",2,null,"What type of weather is in Utah?","On average, Utah weather is quite temperate. Utah is a semiarid state with dry, high country air and plenty of sunshine. Generally speaking, Utah is best experienced with an extra bottle of water and some sunscreen. Stay hydrated and avoid altitude sickness.",2,null,"What weather is Utah known for?","On average, Utah weather is quite temperate. Utah is a semiarid state with dry, high country air and plenty of sunshine. Generally speaking, Utah is best experienced with an extra bottle of water and some sunscreen. Stay hydrated and avoid altitude sickness.",2,null,"What is the climate like in Utah?","Utah features a dry, semi-arid to desert climate, although its many mountains feature a large variety of climates, with the highest points in the Uinta Mountains being above the timberline. The dry weather is a result of the state's location in the rain shadow of the Sierra Nevada in California. The eastern half of the state lies in the rain shadow of the Wasatch Mountains. The primary source of precipitation for the state is the Pacific Ocean, with the state usually lying in the path of large Pacific storms from October to May. In summer, the state, especially southern and eastern Utah, lies in the path of monsoon moisture from the Gulf of California.",3,null,42,true,"86_1_MARCO_2306242","MARCO_2306242","86_1_MARCO_2306242","MARCO_2306242","86_1_MARCO_2306242","MARCO_2306242",null,"What is the climate like in Utah?","CAR_01ce0134d5848f3eb854adfb79151ff392045a38","86_1_CAR_01ce0134d5848f3eb854adfb79151ff392045a38","Utah features a dry, semi-arid to desert climate, although its many mountains feature a large variety of climates, with the highest points in the Uinta Mountains being above the timberline. The dry weather is a result of the state's location in the rain shadow of the Sierra Nevada in California. The eastern half of the state lies in the rain shadow of the Wasatch Mountains. The primary source of precipitation for the state is the Pacific Ocean, with the state usually lying in the path of large Pacific storms from October to May. In summer, the state, especially southern and eastern Utah, lies in the path of monsoon moisture from the Gulf of California.",3]
["What is the climate like in Utah?","86_1","What is the weather like in Utah?","Utah Weather. There's a saying here in Utah: If you don't like the weather, wait five minutes.. Our weather is as varied as our terrain. Some of our mountains receive over 500 inches of snow in the winter. In the summer, parts of the state can reach temperatures well over 100Â°F.",3,null,"What type of weather is in Utah?","There's a saying here in Utah: If you don't like the weather, wait five minutes.. Our weather is as varied as our terrain. Some of our mountains receive over 500 inches of snow in the winter. In the summer, parts of the state can reach temperatures well over 100Â°F. Spring and fall bring every type of weather imaginable. Our advice? Be prepared for anything! See Salt Lake City's weather below, followed by a list of other popular Utah national parks, cities and destinations.",3,null,"What weather is Utah known for?","There's a saying here in Utah: If you don't like the weather, wait five minutes.. Our weather is as varied as our terrain. Some of our mountains receive over 500 inches of snow in the winter. In the summer, parts of the state can reach temperatures well over 100Â°F. Spring and fall bring every type of weather imaginable. Our advice? Be prepared for anything! See Salt Lake City's weather below, followed by a list of other popular Utah national parks, cities and destinations.",3,null,"What is the climate like in Utah?","While Utah is widely perceived to be a desert state, and statistically it is the second driest state in the nation, its climate, soils, and vegetation are as diverse as are its landforms. Utah has three climatic regions--humid, sub-humid or semi-arid, and arid--and each region covers about one-third of the state. The high mountains and plateaus are humid; the lower basins, valleys, and flatlands are often arid; and the transitional places in between are sub-humid to semi-arid.",4,null,42,true,"86_1_MARCO_2811738","MARCO_2811738","86_1_MARCO_2195372","MARCO_2195372","86_1_MARCO_2195372","MARCO_2195372",null,"What is the climate like in Utah?","MARCO_3989937","86_1_MARCO_3989937","While Utah is widely perceived to be a desert state, and statistically it is the second driest state in the nation, its climate, soils, and vegetation are as diverse as are its landforms. Utah has three climatic regions--humid, sub-humid or semi-arid, and arid--and each region covers about one-third of the state. The high mountains and plateaus are humid; the lower basins, valleys, and flatlands are often arid; and the transitional places in between are sub-humid to semi-arid.",4]
["How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","86_2","Why is the climate in Salt Lake City so special compared to other Utah cities?","The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed. Under the KÃ¶ppen climate classification, Salt Lake City has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa), with relatively drier summers than the rest of the year.",0,null,"What makes Salt Lake City's climate special when compared to other Utah cities?","The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed. Under the KÃ¶ppen climate classification, Salt Lake City has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa), with relatively drier summers than the rest of the year.",0,null,"Is Salt Lake City weather any different than in Utah?","Salt Lake City Weather. The weather in Salt Lake City, Utah is ideal for recreation in each of the four seasons. Ample snow in the winter make it a top destination for skiers from all over the world. Mild falls and springs are perfect for hiking, biking, fishing and more.",0,null,"How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","Utah-Climate. The climate of Utah is generally semiarid to arid. Temperatures are favorable along the Wasatch Front, where there are relatively mild winters. At Salt Lake City, the normal daily mean temperature is 52Â°F (11Â°C), ranging from 28Â°F (â€“2Â°C) in January to 78Â°F (26Â°C) in July. The record high temperature, 117Â°F (47Â°C), was set at St. George on 5 July 1985; the record low temperature, â€“69Â°F (â€“56Â°C), in Peter's Sink, on 1 February 1985.",1,null,43,false,"86_2_MARCO_4888968","MARCO_4888968","86_2_MARCO_4888968","MARCO_4888968","86_2_MARCO_315217","MARCO_315217",null,"How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","MARCO_3989944","86_2_MARCO_3989944","Utah-Climate. The climate of Utah is generally semiarid to arid. Temperatures are favorable along the Wasatch Front, where there are relatively mild winters. At Salt Lake City, the normal daily mean temperature is 52Â°F (11Â°C), ranging from 28Â°F (â€“2Â°C) in January to 78Â°F (26Â°C) in July. The record high temperature, 117Â°F (47Â°C), was set at St. George on 5 July 1985; the record low temperature, â€“69Â°F (â€“56Â°C), in Peter's Sink, on 1 February 1985.",1]
["How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","86_2","Why is the climate in Salt Lake City so special compared to other Utah cities?","The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two comfortable, relatively wet transition periods.The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed.owever, the average sub-zero days in a year is 2.3. [1] Salt Lake City averages 26 days with high temperatures at or below freezing. [2] In winter, warm air from the Desert Southwest is usually only drawn up to the city in advance of a cold front arriving from the northwest.",0,null,"What makes Salt Lake City's climate special when compared to other Utah cities?","Climate of Salt Lake City. The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed.",0,null,"Is Salt Lake City weather any different than in Utah?","There's a saying here in Utah: If you don't like the weather, wait five minutes.. Our weather is as varied as our terrain. Some of our mountains receive over 500 inches of snow in the winter. In the summer, parts of the state can reach temperatures well over 100Â°F. Spring and fall bring every type of weather imaginable. Our advice? Be prepared for anything! See Salt Lake City's weather below, followed by a list of other popular Utah national parks, cities and destinations.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","Climate of Salt Lake City. The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed.",0,null,43,false,"86_2_MARCO_158598","MARCO_158598","86_2_MARCO_4705480","MARCO_4705480","86_2_MARCO_2195372","MARCO_2195372",null,"How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","MARCO_4705480","86_2_MARCO_4705480","Climate of Salt Lake City. The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed.",0]
["How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","86_2","Why is the climate in Salt Lake City so special compared to other Utah cities?","Climate of Salt Lake City. The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed.",0,null,"What makes Salt Lake City's climate special when compared to other Utah cities?","The climate of Salt Lake City is commonly claimed to be semi-arid, but under the KÃ¶ppen climate classification, Salt Lake City has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa) with hot summers and cold, snowy winters.",0,null,"Is Salt Lake City weather any different than in Utah?","Climate for Salt Lake City, Utah. Salt Lake City's coldest month is January when the average temperature overnight is 21.3Â°F. In July, the warmest month, the average day time temperature rises to 90.6Â°F. The driest month in Salt Lake City is July with 0.72 inches of precipitation, and with 2.09 inches May is the wettest month.",0,null,"How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed. Under the KÃ¶ppen climate classification, Salt Lake City has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa), with relatively drier summers than the rest of the year.",0,null,43,false,"86_2_MARCO_4705480","MARCO_4705480","86_2_MARCO_140557","MARCO_140557","86_2_MARCO_7234298","MARCO_7234298",null,"How does the climate of Salt Lake City differ from Utah overall?","MARCO_4888968","86_2_MARCO_4888968","The climate of Salt Lake City varies widely. Lying in the Salt Lake Valley, the city is surrounded by mountains and the Great Salt Lake. The city has four distinct seasons: a cold, snowy winter; a hot, dry summer; and two relatively wet transition periods. The climate of the Salt Lake City area is generally subhumid, not semi-arid as often claimed. Under the KÃ¶ppen climate classification, Salt Lake City has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa), with relatively drier summers than the rest of the year.",0]
["What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","86_3","What are the daily business activities in Salt Lake City?","Utah's location is very enticing to both companies and employees. With the Rocky Mountains very close, many activities are available year-round. Four distinct seasons offer year round activities including skiing, hiking, and rock climbing. Utah also has many national parks including Zions National Park, Bryce Canyon National Park, Canyonlands National Park.  Salt Lake City is a Delta Airlines hub and is perfectly situated to allow for business day trips from Silicon Valley due to direct, 90-minute flights that cut travel expenses and limits travel time.",0,null,"How does Salt Lake City make money?","Salt Lake City, UT Salary. Salt Lake City, UT average salary is $71,754, median salary is $65,994 with a salary range from $20,176 to $675,000. Salt Lake City, UT salaries are collected from government agencies and companies. Each salary is associated with a real job position.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is Salt Lake city's economy like?","The economy of Salt Lake City, Utah is primarily service-oriented. While nearby Bingham Canyon Mine (the world's largest open-pit mine) provided a strong source of income during the 19th century, the city has evolved to an economy built on transit hubs, call centers, and seasonal tourism. The 2002 Olympic Winter Games gave a great boost to the area's economy. Many hotels and restaurants were built for the Olympics, and although many survive, they have suffered post-Olympic market saturation.",2,null,"What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","Salt Lake City is the largest retail and wholesale market in Utah, and the city supports a thriving tourism industry. The construction industry remains significant. Salt Lake City is the international headquarters of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.",2,null,44,true,"86_3_CAR_3032f9961ad90d27775f4318bc7d928f741e3c58","CAR_3032f9961ad90d27775f4318bc7d928f741e3c58","86_3_MARCO_3076275","MARCO_3076275","86_3_CAR_717b11440aba32158dba995d76fb5c6a4a9b5ccb","CAR_717b11440aba32158dba995d76fb5c6a4a9b5ccb",null,"What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","MARCO_6074717","86_3_MARCO_6074717","Salt Lake City is the largest retail and wholesale market in Utah, and the city supports a thriving tourism industry. The construction industry remains significant. Salt Lake City is the international headquarters of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.",2]
["What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","86_3","What are the daily business activities in Salt Lake City?","Tours/Activities. Free tours located in downtown Salt Lake City on the Historic Thirty Five Acres of Temple Square, are a must see in Utah and your visit to Salt Lake City. Small groups or families need not reserve tours, as Temple Square is open from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. daily and tours can be hosted as you arrive.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How does Salt Lake City make money?","Salt Lake City is the largest retail and wholesale market in Utah, and the city supports a thriving tourism industry. The construction industry remains significant. Salt Lake City is the international headquarters of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.",2,null,"What is Salt Lake city's economy like?","Historically known as the \"Crossroads of the West\" for its railroads, when nearby steel, mining and railroad operations provided a strong source of income with Silver King Coalition Mines, Geneva Steel, Bingham Canyon Mine, and oil refineries, Salt Lake City's modern economy is service-oriented. Today the city's major sectors are government, trade, transportation, utilities, and professional and business services. The daytime population of Salt Lake City proper swells to over 315,000 people, not including tourists or students.",3,null,"What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","Salt Lake City was originally a farming community; it also depended on mining until the early 1980s when foreign competition began to erode profits from that industry. Today it has grown into a diverse economic region.",0,null,44,true,"86_3_MARCO_320548","MARCO_320548","86_3_MARCO_6074717","MARCO_6074717","86_3_CAR_d23170c4239a4779abb475016eebcb919c4fd5ba","CAR_d23170c4239a4779abb475016eebcb919c4fd5ba",null,"What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","MARCO_6074719","86_3_MARCO_6074719","Salt Lake City was originally a farming community; it also depended on mining until the early 1980s when foreign competition began to erode profits from that industry. Today it has grown into a diverse economic region.",0]
["What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","86_3","What are the daily business activities in Salt Lake City?","Historically known as the \"Crossroads of the West\" for its railroads, when nearby steel, mining and railroad operations provided a strong source of income with Silver King Coalition Mines, Geneva Steel, Bingham Canyon Mine, and oil refineries, Salt Lake City's modern economy is service-oriented. Today the city's major sectors are government, trade, transportation, utilities, and professional and business services. The daytime population of Salt Lake City proper swells to over 315,000 people, not including tourists or students.",3,null,"How does Salt Lake City make money?","The service sector produces the most jobs in the city, especially computer and health care services. Government employment is considerable, with the State of Utah, University of Utah, and Salt Lake County among the city's top employers. A number of national financial institutions have established branch offices in Salt Lake City, making it the center of banking and finance for the region.",2,null,"What is Salt Lake city's economy like?","The degree to which state economies are knowledge-based, globalized, entrepreneurial, information technology-driven and innovation-based.. Utah has a largely mixed economy covering industries like tourism, mining, agriculture, manufacturing, information technology, finance, and petroleum production. The majority of Utah's gross state product is produced along the Wasatch Front, containing the state capital Salt Lake City.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","In eastern Utah petroleum production is a major industry. Near Salt Lake City, petroleum refining is done by a number of oil companies. In central Utah, coal production accounts for much of the mining activity.",0,null,44,true,"86_3_CAR_d23170c4239a4779abb475016eebcb919c4fd5ba","CAR_d23170c4239a4779abb475016eebcb919c4fd5ba","86_3_MARCO_6074723","MARCO_6074723","86_3_MARCO_6074718","MARCO_6074718",null,"What is the main economic activity of Salt Lake City?","CAR_5a5e8122c18c4dfb5581d1bdc1d3acba91b65b57","86_3_CAR_5a5e8122c18c4dfb5581d1bdc1d3acba91b65b57","In eastern Utah petroleum production is a major industry. Near Salt Lake City, petroleum refining is done by a number of oil companies. In central Utah, coal production accounts for much of the mining activity.",0]
["What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","86_4","How did Salt Lake City's economy get affected during the 2002 Olympics?","Salt Lake City's 2002 Winter Olympics led to an economic boom for Utah's ski industry. Skier visits rose 42% from 2002-2011 including a 70% growth in out-of-state skiers from 2002-2011.<ref>Lee, Jason. \"Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com.\" Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com. KSL, 8 Feb. 2012. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.",3,null,"What are the benefits of the Olympic Winter Games on Salt Lake City's economy?","Salt Lake City's 2002 Winter Olympics led to an economic boom for Utah's ski industry. Skier visits rose 42% from 2002-2011 including a 70% growth in out-of-state skiers from 2002-2011.<ref>Lee, Jason. \"Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com.\" Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com. KSL, 8 Feb. 2012. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.",3,null,"What effect does Olympic Winter Games 2002 have on Salt Lake City?","Salt Lake City's 2002 Winter Olympics led to an economic boom for Utah's ski industry. Skier visits rose 42% from 2002-2011 including a 70% growth in out-of-state skiers from 2002-2011.<ref>Lee, Jason. \"Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com.\" Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com. KSL, 8 Feb. 2012. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.",3,null,"What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","Salt Lake City's 2002 Winter Olympics led to an economic boom for Utah's ski industry. Skier visits rose 42% from 2002-2011 including a 70% growth in out-of-state skiers from 2002-2011.<ref>Lee, Jason. \"Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com.\" Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com. KSL, 8 Feb. 2012. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.",3,null,45,false,"86_4_CAR_85a400316f0e7e7a611d5ee779bbdd890df08e82","CAR_85a400316f0e7e7a611d5ee779bbdd890df08e82","86_4_CAR_85a400316f0e7e7a611d5ee779bbdd890df08e82","CAR_85a400316f0e7e7a611d5ee779bbdd890df08e82","86_4_CAR_85a400316f0e7e7a611d5ee779bbdd890df08e82","CAR_85a400316f0e7e7a611d5ee779bbdd890df08e82",null,"What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","CAR_85a400316f0e7e7a611d5ee779bbdd890df08e82","86_4_CAR_85a400316f0e7e7a611d5ee779bbdd890df08e82","Salt Lake City's 2002 Winter Olympics led to an economic boom for Utah's ski industry. Skier visits rose 42% from 2002-2011 including a 70% growth in out-of-state skiers from 2002-2011.<ref>Lee, Jason. \"Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com.\" Economic Impact of 2002 Olympics Still Felt | KSL.com. KSL, 8 Feb. 2012. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.",3]
["What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","86_4","How did Salt Lake City's economy get affected during the 2002 Olympics?","The economy of Salt Lake City, Utah is primarily service-oriented. While nearby Bingham Canyon Mine (the world's largest open-pit mine) provided a strong source of income during the 19th century, the city has evolved to an economy built on transit hubs, call centers, and seasonal tourism. The 2002 Olympic Winter Games gave a great boost to the area's economy. Many hotels and restaurants were built for the Olympics, and although many survive, they have suffered post-Olympic market saturation.",3,null,"What are the benefits of the Olympic Winter Games on Salt Lake City's economy?","The economy of Salt Lake City, Utah is primarily service-oriented. While nearby Bingham Canyon Mine (the world's largest open-pit mine) provided a strong source of income during the 19th century, the city has evolved to an economy built on transit hubs, call centers, and seasonal tourism. The 2002 Olympic Winter Games gave a great boost to the area's economy. Many hotels and restaurants were built for the Olympics, and although many survive, they have suffered post-Olympic market saturation.",3,null,"What effect does Olympic Winter Games 2002 have on Salt Lake City?","Following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the 2002 Winter Games in Salt Lake City strongly revived the melting pot image, returning to a bedrock form of American nationalism and patriotism. The reemergence of Olympic melting pot discourse was driven especially by the unprecedented success of African Americans, Mexican Americans, Asian Americans, and Native Americans in events traditionally associated with Europeans and white North Americans such as speed skating and the bobsled. The 2002 Winter Olympics was also a showcase of American religious freedom and cultural tolerance of the history of Utah's large majority population of Mormons, as well representation of Muslim Americans and other religious groups in the U.S. Olympic team.",0,null,"What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","The economy of Salt Lake City, Utah is primarily service-oriented. While nearby Bingham Canyon Mine (the world's largest open-pit mine) provided a strong source of income during the 19th century, the city has evolved to an economy built on transit hubs, call centers, and seasonal tourism. The 2002 Olympic Winter Games gave a great boost to the area's economy. Many hotels and restaurants were built for the Olympics, and although many survive, they have suffered post-Olympic market saturation.",3,null,45,false,"86_4_CAR_717b11440aba32158dba995d76fb5c6a4a9b5ccb","CAR_717b11440aba32158dba995d76fb5c6a4a9b5ccb","86_4_CAR_717b11440aba32158dba995d76fb5c6a4a9b5ccb","CAR_717b11440aba32158dba995d76fb5c6a4a9b5ccb","86_4_CAR_85e7db172425405cbe0db8ce734a359c75d950b2","CAR_85e7db172425405cbe0db8ce734a359c75d950b2",null,"What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","CAR_717b11440aba32158dba995d76fb5c6a4a9b5ccb","86_4_CAR_717b11440aba32158dba995d76fb5c6a4a9b5ccb","The economy of Salt Lake City, Utah is primarily service-oriented. While nearby Bingham Canyon Mine (the world's largest open-pit mine) provided a strong source of income during the 19th century, the city has evolved to an economy built on transit hubs, call centers, and seasonal tourism. The 2002 Olympic Winter Games gave a great boost to the area's economy. Many hotels and restaurants were built for the Olympics, and although many survive, they have suffered post-Olympic market saturation.",3]
["What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","86_4","How did Salt Lake City's economy get affected during the 2002 Olympics?","Salt Lake City hosted the 2002 Winter Olympics. After early financial struggles and scandal, the 2002 Olympics eventually became among the most successful Winter Olympics in history from a marketing and financial standpoint. Watched by over 2 billion viewers, the Games ended up with a profit of $40 million.",0,null,"What are the benefits of the Olympic Winter Games on Salt Lake City's economy?","Salt Lake City hosted the 2002 Winter Olympics. After early financial struggles and scandal, the 2002 Olympics eventually became among the most successful Winter Olympics in history from a marketing and financial standpoint. Watched by over 2 billion viewers, the Games ended up with a profit of $40 million.",0,null,"What effect does Olympic Winter Games 2002 have on Salt Lake City?","Salt Lake City was host to the 2002 Winter Olympics. At the time of the 2002 Olympics, Salt Lake City was the most populated area to hold a Winter Olympic Games. The event put Salt Lake City in the international spotlight and is regarded by many as one of the most successful Winter Olympics ever.",0,null,"What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","Salt Lake City hosted the 2002 Winter Olympics. After early financial struggles and scandal, the 2002 Olympics eventually became among the most successful Winter Olympics in history from a marketing and financial standpoint. Watched by over 2 billion viewers, the Games ended up with a profit of $40 million.",0,null,45,false,"86_4_CAR_668a93d7ccba8a64556be498db111cdaf8d4fd87","CAR_668a93d7ccba8a64556be498db111cdaf8d4fd87","86_4_CAR_668a93d7ccba8a64556be498db111cdaf8d4fd87","CAR_668a93d7ccba8a64556be498db111cdaf8d4fd87","86_4_CAR_f3b7a443e934fdde49cef3aa6f351c30cf67bc8d","CAR_f3b7a443e934fdde49cef3aa6f351c30cf67bc8d",null,"What was the impact of the 2002 olympic winter games on the economy of Salt Lake City?","CAR_668a93d7ccba8a64556be498db111cdaf8d4fd87","86_4_CAR_668a93d7ccba8a64556be498db111cdaf8d4fd87","Salt Lake City hosted the 2002 Winter Olympics. After early financial struggles and scandal, the 2002 Olympics eventually became among the most successful Winter Olympics in history from a marketing and financial standpoint. Watched by over 2 billion viewers, the Games ended up with a profit of $40 million.",0]
["What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","86_5","Where did the 2002 Olympic games ski sports take place?","The Men's normal hill individual ski jumping competition for the 2002 Winter Olympics was held in Park City, Utah. Both qualifying and the final rounds took place on 10 February 2002 after heavy wind caused a cancellation of the qualifying round on 9 February 2002.",2,null,"What were the most important ski locations used in the Olympics 2002?","Alpine skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics consisted of ten events held near Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The downhill, super-G and combined events were held at Snowbasin, the giant slalom at Park City, and the slalom at Deer Valley. The ten events took place 10–23 February 2002.",4,null,"What were some famous ski resorts used in the Olympics in Salt Lake?","Soldier Hollow is a cross-country ski resort located  southeast of Salt Lake City in Wasatch Mountain State Park, Utah, United States. The resort was created for the 2002 Winter Olympics, and during the games it hosted the biathlon, cross-country skiing and the cross country skiing portion of the Nordic combined events. Since hosting the Olympics, it has been developed as a cross-country skiing, tubing, and snowshoeing resort, while featuring mountain biking and golfing in the summer. On May 1, 2016, the venue operation contract transferred from the Soldier Hollow Legacy Foundation to the Utah Olympic Legacy Foundation, which owns and operates several Olympic and Paralympic legacy venues elsewhere in the state.",2,null,"What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","Alpine skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics consisted of ten events held near Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The downhill, super-G and combined events were held at Snowbasin, the giant slalom at Park City, and the slalom at Deer Valley. The ten events took place 10–23 February 2002.",4,null,46,true,"86_5_CAR_f3ad3f26d6813ec4115c558e700d08a6e511fda2","CAR_f3ad3f26d6813ec4115c558e700d08a6e511fda2","86_5_CAR_9d1c4bfe75b0ebbd5274778abcb344b9fea4618d","CAR_9d1c4bfe75b0ebbd5274778abcb344b9fea4618d","86_5_CAR_1bbf5d444d33830a9fba3e166b2ac7783c902944","CAR_1bbf5d444d33830a9fba3e166b2ac7783c902944",null,"What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","CAR_9d1c4bfe75b0ebbd5274778abcb344b9fea4618d","86_5_CAR_9d1c4bfe75b0ebbd5274778abcb344b9fea4618d","Alpine skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics consisted of ten events held near Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The downhill, super-G and combined events were held at Snowbasin, the giant slalom at Park City, and the slalom at Deer Valley. The ten events took place 10–23 February 2002.",4]
["What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","86_5","Where did the 2002 Olympic games ski sports take place?","The Men's team Nordic combined competition for the 2002 Winter Olympics was held in Park City & Soldier Hollow, United States. The ski jumping part took place on February 16, and the cross-country race on February 17.",3,null,"What were the most important ski locations used in the Olympics 2002?","Nordic combined at the 2002 Winter Olympics, consisted of three events held over ten days, from 9 February to 22 February. The ski jumping part took place in Park City, while the cross-country part took place in Soldier Hollow. This was the first Winter Olympics to have two individual Nordic Combined events: the 10 km individual normal hill (sprint) and the 10 km individual large hill (individual).",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What were some famous ski resorts used in the Olympics in Salt Lake?","Since the establishment of Alta Ski Area in 1939 and the subsequent development of several ski resorts in the state's mountains, Utah's skiing has become world-renowned. The dry, powdery snow of the Wasatch Range is considered some of the best skiing in the world (the state license plate claims \"the Greatest Snow on Earth\"). Salt Lake City won the bid for the 2002 Winter Olympic Games, and this served as a great boost to the economy. The ski resorts have increased in popularity, and many of the Olympic venues built along the Wasatch Front continue to be used for sporting events. Preparation for the Olympics spurred the development of the light-rail system in the Salt Lake Valley, known as TRAX, and the re-construction of the freeway system around the city.",0,null,"What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","The Utah Olympic Park is a winter sports park built for the 2002 Winter Olympics, and is located  east of Salt Lake City near Park City, Utah, United States. During the 2002 games the park hosted the bobsleigh, skeleton, luge, ski jumping, and Nordic combined events. It still serves a training center for Olympic and development level athletes. Other facilities in addition to the ski jumps and bobsled track located on site include a 2002 Winter Olympics and Ski Museum, day lodge, summer aerial training splash pool, ziplines, and a mountain coaster.",2,null,46,true,"86_5_CAR_86317642d0cbf8b444fd386bc4667e2f2157a8ad","CAR_86317642d0cbf8b444fd386bc4667e2f2157a8ad","86_5_CAR_95cb996c5b37a3322d4b6dffb77d2a25eb416c1c","CAR_95cb996c5b37a3322d4b6dffb77d2a25eb416c1c","86_5_CAR_0ff07505d966bd6d931211aba3a3ebca0d72d1ea","CAR_0ff07505d966bd6d931211aba3a3ebca0d72d1ea",null,"What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","CAR_93048ade533bb9963ee2c2cb0d5e568fcd838daa","86_5_CAR_93048ade533bb9963ee2c2cb0d5e568fcd838daa","The Utah Olympic Park is a winter sports park built for the 2002 Winter Olympics, and is located  east of Salt Lake City near Park City, Utah, United States. During the 2002 games the park hosted the bobsleigh, skeleton, luge, ski jumping, and Nordic combined events. It still serves a training center for Olympic and development level athletes. Other facilities in addition to the ski jumps and bobsled track located on site include a 2002 Winter Olympics and Ski Museum, day lodge, summer aerial training splash pool, ziplines, and a mountain coaster.",2]
["What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","86_5","Where did the 2002 Olympic games ski sports take place?","Alpine skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics consisted of ten events held near Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The downhill, super-G and combined events were held at Snowbasin, the giant slalom at Park City, and the slalom at Deer Valley. The ten events took place 10–23 February 2002.",4,null,"What were the most important ski locations used in the Olympics 2002?","For the Winter Olympics, there are nine venues that have been or will be used for freestyle skiing. The first FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships was held at Tignes, France, in 1986. Two years later at the Winter Olympics in Calgary, the sport was included as a demonstration event though it took place at two different locations. Becoming an official Olympic sport in 1992, the venue chosen was at Tignes, host of the 1986 world championships. The 1997 world championships at Iizuna Kogen would serve as the test event for the venue used for the 1998 Winter Olympics. Deer Valley played host to the 2002 events and would host the world championships in both 2003 and 2011. Whistler, British Columbia hosted the 2001 world championships though the 2010 venue took place at Cypress Mountain in West Vancouver close to the host city.",1,null,"What were some famous ski resorts used in the Olympics in Salt Lake?","Beginning in 1939, with the establishment of Alta Ski Area, Utah has become world-renowned for its skiing. The dry, powdery snow of the Wasatch Range is considered some of the best skiing in the world. Salt Lake City won the bid for the 2002 Winter Olympics in 1995, and this has served as a great boost to the economy. The ski resorts have increased in popularity, and many of the Olympic venues scattered across the Wasatch Front continue to be used for sporting events. This also spurred the development of the light-rail system in the Salt Lake Valley, known as TRAX, and the re-construction of the freeway system around the city.",0,null,"What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","Nordic combined at the 2002 Winter Olympics, consisted of three events held over ten days, from 9 February to 22 February. The ski jumping part took place in Park City, while the cross-country part took place in Soldier Hollow. This was the first Winter Olympics to have two individual Nordic Combined events: the 10 km individual normal hill (sprint) and the 10 km individual large hill (individual).",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,46,true,"86_5_CAR_9d1c4bfe75b0ebbd5274778abcb344b9fea4618d","CAR_9d1c4bfe75b0ebbd5274778abcb344b9fea4618d","86_5_CAR_bff39246892de15832dd9a43c3da880e9e375a74","CAR_bff39246892de15832dd9a43c3da880e9e375a74","86_5_CAR_42327cf47fa455267920b346a862e59c307d2da1","CAR_42327cf47fa455267920b346a862e59c307d2da1",null,"What were important ski locations used in the 2002 olympic winter games?","CAR_95cb996c5b37a3322d4b6dffb77d2a25eb416c1c","86_5_CAR_95cb996c5b37a3322d4b6dffb77d2a25eb416c1c","Nordic combined at the 2002 Winter Olympics, consisted of three events held over ten days, from 9 February to 22 February. The ski jumping part took place in Park City, while the cross-country part took place in Soldier Hollow. This was the first Winter Olympics to have two individual Nordic Combined events: the 10 km individual normal hill (sprint) and the 10 km individual large hill (individual).",{"$error":"#N/A"},3]
["What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","86_6","What events occurred in the 2002 Winter Olympics other than skiing?","The Games featured 84 medal events over 15 disciplines in 7 sports. Events that made their Olympic debut in Turin included mass start biathlon, team sprint cross country skiing, snowboard cross and team pursuit speedskating. The classical men's 50 km and women's 30 km distances, which were held at the previous Winter Games in 2002, were not held in these Games, as these events were alternated with freestyle events of the same distances.  Most of the cross country skiing events at these Games involved different distances from those in Salt Lake City. The following are the sports and disciplines that were contested at the games. The numbers in parentheses after each sport discipline indicate the number of events contested.",0,null,"What are non-skiing events that happen in Salt Lake City?","Many of Salt Lake City's cultural events take place at Washington Square, and often 200 East Street between it and Library Square is blocked off to create one large event plaza. Events that take place in this space include Utah Pride Festival, the Utah Arts Festival, and Salt Lake City Jazz Festival and the Living Traditions Festival that celebrates all the different cultures that reside within the state. These occur once per year and usually run over the weekends.",4,null,"What are some non-ski events held in Salt Lake City Olympics?","The 2002 Winter Olympic Games were held in and around Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The games ran from February 8 to 24, 2002, and the Paralympics from March 7 to 16, 2002. The sporting events were held in ten competitive venues, while non-competitive events, such as the opening ceremony, were held in six other venues. Three venues were also created for training purposes. All Olympic venues were scattered throughout Northern Utah.",0,null,"What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","Many of Salt Lake City's cultural events take place at Washington Square, and often 200 East Street between it and Library Square is blocked off to create one large event plaza. Events that take place in this space include Utah Pride Festival, the Utah Arts Festival, and Salt Lake City Jazz Festival and the Living Traditions Festival that celebrates all the different cultures that reside within the state. These occur once per year and usually run over the weekends.",4,null,47,false,"86_6_CAR_42a0384163bffd21dd8e5c5b47c0d4b65d54f6d6","CAR_42a0384163bffd21dd8e5c5b47c0d4b65d54f6d6","86_6_CAR_61aceaf6d0bb903abfa76da6fa70c74df1ad0e0f","CAR_61aceaf6d0bb903abfa76da6fa70c74df1ad0e0f","86_6_CAR_f76438d3d05627b758b3aa64f969139cc6d242d4","CAR_f76438d3d05627b758b3aa64f969139cc6d242d4",null,"What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","CAR_61aceaf6d0bb903abfa76da6fa70c74df1ad0e0f","86_6_CAR_61aceaf6d0bb903abfa76da6fa70c74df1ad0e0f","Many of Salt Lake City's cultural events take place at Washington Square, and often 200 East Street between it and Library Square is blocked off to create one large event plaza. Events that take place in this space include Utah Pride Festival, the Utah Arts Festival, and Salt Lake City Jazz Festival and the Living Traditions Festival that celebrates all the different cultures that reside within the state. These occur once per year and usually run over the weekends.",4]
["What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","86_6","What events occurred in the 2002 Winter Olympics other than skiing?","During the 2002 games Soldier Hollow hosted the biathlon, cross-country skiing, and Nordic combined events. The venue itself hosted 64,160 biathlon spectators, 99,320 cross-country spectators, and 1,794 Nordic combined spectators during these events. During the 2002 Winter Paralympics the venue hosted the biathlon and cross-country events.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are non-skiing events that happen in Salt Lake City?","Salt Lake City has begun to host its own events in the last few years, most notably the Friday Night Flicks, free movies in the city's parks, as well as the Mayor's health and fitness awareness program, Salt Lake City Gets Fit.",3,null,"What are some non-ski events held in Salt Lake City Olympics?","The Utah Olympic Park is a winter sports park built for the 2002 Winter Olympics, and is located  east of Salt Lake City near Park City, Utah, United States. During the 2002 games the park hosted the bobsleigh, skeleton, luge, ski jumping, and Nordic combined events. It still serves a training center for Olympic and development level athletes. Other facilities in addition to the ski jumps and bobsled track located on site include a 2002 Winter Olympics and Ski Museum, day lodge, summer aerial training splash pool, ziplines, and a mountain coaster.",0,null,"What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","Salt Lake City has begun to host its own events in the last few years, most notably the Friday Night Flicks, free movies in the city's parks, as well as the Mayor's health and fitness awareness program, Salt Lake City Gets Fit.",3,null,47,false,"86_6_CAR_402477561195c05cddb690bb07f3afc6e9d77970","CAR_402477561195c05cddb690bb07f3afc6e9d77970","86_6_CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e","CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e","86_6_CAR_93048ade533bb9963ee2c2cb0d5e568fcd838daa","CAR_93048ade533bb9963ee2c2cb0d5e568fcd838daa",null,"What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e","86_6_CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e","Salt Lake City has begun to host its own events in the last few years, most notably the Friday Night Flicks, free movies in the city's parks, as well as the Mayor's health and fitness awareness program, Salt Lake City Gets Fit.",3]
["What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","86_6","What events occurred in the 2002 Winter Olympics other than skiing?","Targets of humour during the coverage of the 2002 Winter Olympics included figure skating, curling, Monaco's bobsleigh team (especially Albert II, Prince of Monaco). They promoted the Smiggin Holes 2010 Winter Olympic bid, even presenting it to IOC president Jacques Rogge, who described it as \"very impressive\". According to The Ice Dream, during the 1952 Olympics, Cedric Sloane skewered a seagull during a cross-country skiing event, putting a curse on the Australian team that could only be lifted when Australia won a gold medal (achieved by Steven Bradbury).",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are non-skiing events that happen in Salt Lake City?","Salt Lake City also hosts portions of the Sundance Film Festival. The festival, which is held each year, brings many cultural icons, movie stars, celebrities, and thousands of film buffs to see the largest independent film festival in the United States. The headquarters of the event is in nearby Park City.",2,null,"What are some non-ski events held in Salt Lake City Olympics?","The Games featured 84 medal events over 15 disciplines in 7 sports. Events that made their Olympic debut in Turin included mass start biathlon, team sprint cross country skiing, snowboard cross and team pursuit speedskating. The classical men's 50 km and women's 30 km distances, which were held at the previous Winter Games in 2002, were not held in these Games, as these events were alternated with freestyle events of the same distances.  Most of the cross country skiing events at these Games involved different distances from those in Salt Lake City. The following are the sports and disciplines that were contested at the games. The numbers in parentheses after each sport discipline indicate the number of events contested.",0,null,"What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","Salt Lake City also hosts portions of the Sundance Film Festival. The festival, which is held each year, brings many cultural icons, movie stars, celebrities, and thousands of film buffs to see the largest independent film festival in the United States. The headquarters of the event is in nearby Park City.",2,null,47,false,"86_6_CAR_68321aa6b07eb454e133577457d563072343d25c","CAR_68321aa6b07eb454e133577457d563072343d25c","86_6_CAR_b9687fe09c6536bcd05ae7df38ff3f67e90ac368","CAR_b9687fe09c6536bcd05ae7df38ff3f67e90ac368","86_6_CAR_42a0384163bffd21dd8e5c5b47c0d4b65d54f6d6","CAR_42a0384163bffd21dd8e5c5b47c0d4b65d54f6d6",null,"What are the important non-ski events that happen in Salt Lake City?","CAR_b9687fe09c6536bcd05ae7df38ff3f67e90ac368","86_6_CAR_b9687fe09c6536bcd05ae7df38ff3f67e90ac368","Salt Lake City also hosts portions of the Sundance Film Festival. The festival, which is held each year, brings many cultural icons, movie stars, celebrities, and thousands of film buffs to see the largest independent film festival in the United States. The headquarters of the event is in nearby Park City.",2]
["What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","86_7","What are fun things to do and see in Salt Lake City if you don't like the cold?","Salt Lake City Map. Whether you want to go skiing in the Salt Lake City mountains or you prefer warm weather activities such as hiking and mountain biking, heading to one of the area resorts can be an excellent idea. These resorts are mostly found in the Wasatch Front Salt Lake City canyons, and they include Alta and Brighton, to name a couple.",2,null,"What are some fun summery things to do in Salt Lake City?","From festivals to farmers' markets, there's always something to do in Salt Lake City. Whether you live or visit here, let us help you discover the dozens of great things to do year-round and help you find the services and resources to make life even better.",2,null,"What are the most well-known non-winter things to do in Salt Lake City?","Winter sports, such as skiing and snowboarding, are popular activities in the Wasatch Mountains east of Salt Lake City. Eight ski resorts lie within  of the city. Alta, Brighton, Solitude, and Snowbird all lie directly to the southeast in the Wasatch Mountains, while nearby Park City contains three more resorts. The popularity of the ski resorts has increased nearly 29 percent since the 2002 Winter Olympics. Summer activities such as hiking, camping, rock climbing, mountain biking, and other related outdoor activities are popular in the mountains, as well. The many small reservoirs and rivers in the Wasatch Mountains are popular for boating, fishing, and other water-related activities.",4,null,"What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","Winter sports, such as skiing and snowboarding, are popular activities in the Wasatch Mountains east of Salt Lake City. Eight ski resorts lie within  of the city. Alta, Brighton, Solitude, and Snowbird all lie directly to the southeast in the Wasatch Mountains, while nearby Park City contains three more resorts. The popularity of the ski resorts has increased nearly 29 percent since the 2002 Winter Olympics. Summer activities such as hiking, camping, rock climbing, mountain biking, and other related outdoor activities are popular in the mountains, as well. The many small reservoirs and rivers in the Wasatch Mountains are popular for boating, fishing, and other water-related activities.",4,null,48,true,"86_7_MARCO_3967988","MARCO_3967988","86_7_MARCO_3516991","MARCO_3516991","86_7_CAR_c10e2ccd9e152afc277d3034b940619f2c9949c0","CAR_c10e2ccd9e152afc277d3034b940619f2c9949c0",null,"What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","CAR_c10e2ccd9e152afc277d3034b940619f2c9949c0","86_7_CAR_c10e2ccd9e152afc277d3034b940619f2c9949c0","Winter sports, such as skiing and snowboarding, are popular activities in the Wasatch Mountains east of Salt Lake City. Eight ski resorts lie within  of the city. Alta, Brighton, Solitude, and Snowbird all lie directly to the southeast in the Wasatch Mountains, while nearby Park City contains three more resorts. The popularity of the ski resorts has increased nearly 29 percent since the 2002 Winter Olympics. Summer activities such as hiking, camping, rock climbing, mountain biking, and other related outdoor activities are popular in the mountains, as well. The many small reservoirs and rivers in the Wasatch Mountains are popular for boating, fishing, and other water-related activities.",4]
["What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","86_7","What are fun things to do and see in Salt Lake City if you don't like the cold?","From festivals to farmers' markets, there's always something to do in Salt Lake City. Whether you live or visit here, let us help you discover the dozens of great things to do year-round and help you find the services and resources to make life even better.",2,null,"What are some fun summery things to do in Salt Lake City?","Salt Lake City Map. Whether you want to go skiing in the Salt Lake City mountains or you prefer warm weather activities such as hiking and mountain biking, heading to one of the area resorts can be an excellent idea. These resorts are mostly found in the Wasatch Front Salt Lake City canyons, and they include Alta and Brighton, to name a couple.",2,null,"What are the most well-known non-winter things to do in Salt Lake City?","From festivals to farmers' markets, there's always something to do in Salt Lake City. Whether you live or visit here, let us help you discover the dozens of great things to do year-round and help you find the services and resources to make life even better.",2,null,"What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","Kayaking on the Great Salt Lake is a great way to see some of the areas that you normally wouldn't see. With 10,000 miles of shoreline it can be one of the most rewarding places to paddle in North America. Mountain biking is popular on excellent trails on Antelope and Stansbury islands.",1,null,48,true,"86_7_MARCO_3516991","MARCO_3516991","86_7_MARCO_3967988","MARCO_3967988","86_7_MARCO_3516991","MARCO_3516991",null,"What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","MARCO_16902","86_7_MARCO_16902","Kayaking on the Great Salt Lake is a great way to see some of the areas that you normally wouldn't see. With 10,000 miles of shoreline it can be one of the most rewarding places to paddle in North America. Mountain biking is popular on excellent trails on Antelope and Stansbury islands.",1]
["What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","86_7","What are fun things to do and see in Salt Lake City if you don't like the cold?","Tours/Activities. Free tours located in downtown Salt Lake City on the Historic Thirty Five Acres of Temple Square, are a must see in Utah and your visit to Salt Lake City. Small groups or families need not reserve tours, as Temple Square is open from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. daily and tours can be hosted as you arrive.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are some fun summery things to do in Salt Lake City?","Salt Lake City has begun to host its own events in the last few years, most notably the Friday Night Flicks, free movies in the city's parks, as well as the Mayor's health and fitness awareness program, Salt Lake City Gets Fit.",3,null,"What are the most well-known non-winter things to do in Salt Lake City?","Salt Lake City has begun to host its own events in the last few years, most notably the Friday Night Flicks, free movies in the city's parks, as well as the Mayor's health and fitness awareness program, Salt Lake City Gets Fit.",3,null,"What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","Salt Lake City Map. Whether you want to go skiing in the Salt Lake City mountains or you prefer warm weather activities such as hiking and mountain biking, heading to one of the area resorts can be an excellent idea. These resorts are mostly found in the Wasatch Front Salt Lake City canyons, and they include Alta and Brighton, to name a couple.",2,null,48,true,"86_7_MARCO_320548","MARCO_320548","86_7_CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e","CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e","86_7_CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e","CAR_521afedd8202569bfd3e2eaf3b391e6a67b3077e",null,"What are some popular non-winter things to do in the Salt Lake City area?","MARCO_3967988","86_7_MARCO_3967988","Salt Lake City Map. Whether you want to go skiing in the Salt Lake City mountains or you prefer warm weather activities such as hiking and mountain biking, heading to one of the area resorts can be an excellent idea. These resorts are mostly found in the Wasatch Front Salt Lake City canyons, and they include Alta and Brighton, to name a couple.",2]
["What are the different types of orange trees?","87_1","What are the different types of orange trees? What makes them different?","Sweet Orange Citrus sinenis Family: Rutaceae. Clementine, Mandarin, Tangerine, Satsuma Citrus reticulata, Family: Rutaceae. Description & storage Orange: Round thick skinned juicy edible fruit that is a reddish-yellow color when ripe. Mandarin types: type of small orange with loose skin. Store them at 12 degrees Celcius (=57o F) or if you like in the refrigerator. This is nice when you use them for squeezing. Tree Orange trees are evergreen trees. They grow 8 to 15 m. high.",2,null,"How many varieties of orange trees are there? How are they unique?","Blood Oranges. A Blood Orange is a unique hybrid orange citrus fruit, with a dark-red interior colored fruit. What is unique about a blood orange is the color inside â€” it is a red, crimson, blood-colored flesh.Blood oranges also tend to be a much smaller citrus fruit than an average orange.nique Oranges â€“ Ortaniques. Unique Oranges are also called â€œOrtaniques,â€\u009d representing a hybrid blend of citrus fruit and a name that is truly unique as well: OR-orange, TAN-gerine,un-IQUE. Many Ortanique oranges are grown on the island of Jamaica, a large world exporter of this form of citrus fruit.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What are the various kinds of orange trees?","Different names have been given to the many varieties of the genus. Orange applies primarily to the sweet orange – Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. The orange tree is an evergreen, flowering tree, with an average height of , although some very old specimens can reach . Its oval leaves, alternately arranged, are  long and have crenulate margins. Although the sweet orange presents different sizes and shapes varying from spherical to oblong, it generally has ten segments (carpels) inside, and contains up to six seeds (or pips) and a porous white tissue – called pith or, more properly, mesocarp or albedo—lines its rind. When unripe, the fruit is green. The grainy irregular rind of the ripe fruit can range from bright orange to yellow-orange, but frequently retains green patches or, under warm climate conditions, remains entirely green. Like all other citrus fruits, the sweet orange is non-climacteric. The Citrus sinensis is subdivided into four classes with distinct characteristics: common oranges, blood or pigmented oranges, navel oranges, and acidless oranges.",2,null,"What are the different types of orange trees?","Below, check out our guide to nine different types of oranges -- clementines, tangerines, honey tangerines, cara caras, tangelos, navels, juice oranges, blood oranges and Satsumas.",3,null,49,false,"87_1_MARCO_7161299","MARCO_7161299","87_1_MARCO_6315743","MARCO_6315743","87_1_CAR_b02209357410c50f8025bff46b97b8a3fd68a07b","CAR_b02209357410c50f8025bff46b97b8a3fd68a07b",null,"What are the different types of orange trees?","MARCO_2866939","87_1_MARCO_2866939","Below, check out our guide to nine different types of oranges -- clementines, tangerines, honey tangerines, cara caras, tangelos, navels, juice oranges, blood oranges and Satsumas.",3]
["What are the different types of orange trees?","87_1","What are the different types of orange trees? What makes them different?","Below, check out our guide to nine different types of oranges -- clementines, tangerines, honey tangerines, cara caras, tangelos, navels, juice oranges, blood oranges and Satsumas. Next time you're at the store, try something new! What's your favorite kind of orange? Leave us a comment below.",3,null,"How many varieties of orange trees are there? How are they unique?","Bibile Sweet, is the most popular variety unique to the area. However, it is a matter of concern that black spots caused by a fungus affected the fruits on the verge of harvest. Thousands of rotten oranges are found under the trees. The trees should be exposed to the sun to prevent the spread of the pest. Trees in shady gardens are more susceptible to the pest. The affected trees should be pruned and the rotten fruits destroyed. Pesticides should be applied when the trees are flowering to minimize the effect of the fungus,” Manager of the District Agrarian Training Centre,noted.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the various kinds of orange trees?","All citrus trees belong to the single genus Citrus and remain almost entirely interfertile. This means that there is only one superspecies that includes grapefruits, lemons, limes, oranges, and various other types and hybrids. As the interfertility of oranges and other citrus has produced numerous hybrids and cultivars, and bud mutations have also been selected, their taxonomy is fairly controversial, confusing or inconsistent. The fruit of any citrus tree is considered a hesperidium, a kind of modified berry; it is covered by a rind originated by a rugged thickening of the ovary wall.",0,null,"What are the different types of orange trees?","The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types. Blood or pigmented orange â€“ The blood orange consists of two types: the light blood orange and the deep blood orange. Blood oranges are a natural mutation of C. sinensis.",3,null,49,false,"87_1_MARCO_8513155","MARCO_8513155","87_1_CAR_f39e9f8833f9e412b223273951c5b1bd1a485b48","CAR_f39e9f8833f9e412b223273951c5b1bd1a485b48","87_1_CAR_0da9d7337c006c43339dd6f81dc7ca45b391928e","CAR_0da9d7337c006c43339dd6f81dc7ca45b391928e",null,"What are the different types of orange trees?","MARCO_8513150","87_1_MARCO_8513150","The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types. Blood or pigmented orange â€“ The blood orange consists of two types: the light blood orange and the deep blood orange. Blood oranges are a natural mutation of C. sinensis.",3]
["What are the different types of orange trees?","87_1","What are the different types of orange trees? What makes them different?","From Europe, orange trees were taken to the United States, South America, Africa and Australia, which all grow oranges for sale. There are several different types of sweet orange. One of the most common types is called the Valencia orange, which comes from Spain and is also grown in Africa and Australia.",1,null,"How many varieties of orange trees are there? How are they unique?","1 Common orange â€“ There are many varieties of common orange and it is widely grown. 2  The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types.",2,null,"What are the various kinds of orange trees?","Dwarf Orange Trees-Indoor Orange Tree Varieties. Dwarf orange trees are one of several types of indoor fruit trees that are specifically designed to grow in containers indoors. Some of the other popular types are Meyer lemon, lime, kumquat, and tangerine.Dwarf orange trees are smaller varieties of traditional citrus trees that produce an amazing amount of fruit for their size. Within the orange family, several types are available, like dwarf navel, blood oranges, and calomondin orange trees.ome of the other popular types are Meyer lemon, lime, kumquat, and tangerine. Dwarf orange trees are smaller varieties of traditional citrus trees that produce an amazing amount of fruit for their size. Within the orange family, several types are available, like dwarf navel, blood oranges, and calomondin orange trees.",3,null,"What are the different types of orange trees?","1 The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types. 2  Blood or pigmented orange â€“ The blood orange consists of two types: the light blood orange and the deep blood orange.",2,null,49,false,"87_1_MARCO_7016261","MARCO_7016261","87_1_MARCO_7016257","MARCO_7016257","87_1_MARCO_4879356","MARCO_4879356",null,"What are the different types of orange trees?","MARCO_7016258","87_1_MARCO_7016258","1 The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types. 2  Blood or pigmented orange â€“ The blood orange consists of two types: the light blood orange and the deep blood orange.",2]
["How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","87_2","How do you tell the different kinds of orange trees apart?","Best Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.Especially that you pruned it so drastically short like that. Young trees or branches sport those spikes. Upon looking at the pictures I have a good feeling that it might be the bigger variety of oranges.est Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.",1,null,"How do you determine the different types of orange trees?","Orange trees generally are grafted. The bottom of the tree, including the roots and trunk, is called rootstock, while the fruit-bearing top has two different names: budwood (when referring to the process of grafting) and scion (when mentioning the variety of orange).",0,null,"How do you tell which variety of orange trees is distinct?","Best Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.Especially that you pruned it so drastically short like that. Young trees or branches sport those spikes. Upon looking at the pictures I have a good feeling that it might be the bigger variety of oranges.est Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.",1,null,"How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","Best Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.Especially that you pruned it so drastically short like that. Young trees or branches sport those spikes. Upon looking at the pictures I have a good feeling that it might be the bigger variety of oranges.est Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.",1,null,50,true,"87_2_MARCO_6314847","MARCO_6314847","87_2_CAR_cb795bc6653c7b9dbc7079f78491aada921b68d9","CAR_cb795bc6653c7b9dbc7079f78491aada921b68d9","87_2_MARCO_6314847","MARCO_6314847",null,"How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","MARCO_6314847","87_2_MARCO_6314847","Best Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.Especially that you pruned it so drastically short like that. Young trees or branches sport those spikes. Upon looking at the pictures I have a good feeling that it might be the bigger variety of oranges.est Answer: It's really hard to tell what kind is your Orange tree is at this point. For the spikes, it's usually normal for oranges to have those no matter what kind they maybe.",1]
["How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","87_2","How do you tell the different kinds of orange trees apart?","Sweet Orange Citrus sinenis Family: Rutaceae. Clementine, Mandarin, Tangerine, Satsuma Citrus reticulata, Family: Rutaceae. Description & storage Orange: Round thick skinned juicy edible fruit that is a reddish-yellow color when ripe. Mandarin types: type of small orange with loose skin. Store them at 12 degrees Celcius (=57o F) or if you like in the refrigerator. This is nice when you use them for squeezing. Tree Orange trees are evergreen trees. They grow 8 to 15 m. high.",0,null,"How do you determine the different types of orange trees?","90 percent of orange trees depend on pollination by bees. There are, however, some varieties that are self-pollinating types, such as the Navel Orange.",0,null,"How do you tell which variety of orange trees is distinct?","Sweet orange is divided into four classes, each with distinct characteristics: 1  Common orange â€“ There are many varieties of common orange and it is widely grown. 2  Blood or pigmented orange â€“ The blood orange consists of two types: the light blood orange and the deep blood orange.",0,null,"How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","Examining the tree's leaves, fruit and blossoms will help identify it. Citrus treesâ€™ characteristic dark, shiny leaves make them easy to identify from other types of fruiting and nonfruiting trees, but it can be difficult to tell the difference between various types of citrus trees. There are several varieties of citrus trees, such as a Perrine tree, that are a hybrid of a lemon and a lime plant. 2  These trees will display a combination of lemon and lime tree characteristics and can be very difficult to differentiate between other varieties.",0,null,50,true,"87_2_MARCO_7161299","MARCO_7161299","87_2_MARCO_2179824","MARCO_2179824","87_2_MARCO_8513151","MARCO_8513151",null,"How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","MARCO_1378432","87_2_MARCO_1378432","Examining the tree's leaves, fruit and blossoms will help identify it. Citrus treesâ€™ characteristic dark, shiny leaves make them easy to identify from other types of fruiting and nonfruiting trees, but it can be difficult to tell the difference between various types of citrus trees. There are several varieties of citrus trees, such as a Perrine tree, that are a hybrid of a lemon and a lime plant. 2  These trees will display a combination of lemon and lime tree characteristics and can be very difficult to differentiate between other varieties.",0]
["How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","87_2","How do you tell the different kinds of orange trees apart?","Orange trees generally are grafted. The bottom of the tree, including the roots and trunk, is called rootstock, while the fruit-bearing top has two different names: budwood (when referring to the process of grafting) and scion (when mentioning the variety of orange).",0,null,"How do you determine the different types of orange trees?","(Redirected from Orange tree). For other fruit called orange, see List of plants known as orange. Citrus Ã— sinensis, also known as the Citrus aurantium Sweet Orange Group, includes the commonly cultivated sweet orange, blood oranges, and navel oranges.ses [edit]. The orange fruit is an important agricultural product, used for both the juicy fruit pulp, and the aromatic peel (rind). Orange blossoms (the flowers) are used in several different ways, as are the leaves and wood of the tree.",0,null,"How do you tell which variety of orange trees is distinct?","Different names have been given to the many varieties of the genus. Orange applies primarily to the sweet orange – Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. The orange tree is an evergreen, flowering tree, with an average height of , although some very old specimens can reach . Its oval leaves, alternately arranged, are  long and have crenulate margins. Although the sweet orange presents different sizes and shapes varying from spherical to oblong, it generally has ten segments (carpels) inside, and contains up to six seeds (or pips) and a porous white tissue – called pith or, more properly, mesocarp or albedo—lines its rind. When unripe, the fruit is green. The grainy irregular rind of the ripe fruit can range from bright orange to yellow-orange, but frequently retains green patches or, under warm climate conditions, remains entirely green. Like all other citrus fruits, the sweet orange is non-climacteric. The Citrus sinensis is subdivided into four classes with distinct characteristics: common oranges, blood or pigmented oranges, navel oranges, and acidless oranges.",0,null,"How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","Different names have been given to the many varieties of the genus. Orange applies primarily to the sweet orange – Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. The orange tree is an evergreen, flowering tree, with an average height of , although some very old specimens can reach . Its oval leaves, alternately arranged, are  long and have crenulate margins. Although the sweet orange presents different sizes and shapes varying from spherical to oblong, it generally has ten segments (carpels) inside, and contains up to six seeds (or pips) and a porous white tissue – called pith or, more properly, mesocarp or albedo—lines its rind. When unripe, the fruit is green. The grainy irregular rind of the ripe fruit can range from bright orange to yellow-orange, but frequently retains green patches or, under warm climate conditions, remains entirely green. Like all other citrus fruits, the sweet orange is non-climacteric. The Citrus sinensis is subdivided into four classes with distinct characteristics: common oranges, blood or pigmented oranges, navel oranges, and acidless oranges.",0,null,50,true,"87_2_CAR_cb795bc6653c7b9dbc7079f78491aada921b68d9","CAR_cb795bc6653c7b9dbc7079f78491aada921b68d9","87_2_MARCO_7799628","MARCO_7799628","87_2_CAR_b02209357410c50f8025bff46b97b8a3fd68a07b","CAR_b02209357410c50f8025bff46b97b8a3fd68a07b",null,"How can you tell different types of orange trees apart?","CAR_b02209357410c50f8025bff46b97b8a3fd68a07b","87_2_CAR_b02209357410c50f8025bff46b97b8a3fd68a07b","Different names have been given to the many varieties of the genus. Orange applies primarily to the sweet orange – Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. The orange tree is an evergreen, flowering tree, with an average height of , although some very old specimens can reach . Its oval leaves, alternately arranged, are  long and have crenulate margins. Although the sweet orange presents different sizes and shapes varying from spherical to oblong, it generally has ten segments (carpels) inside, and contains up to six seeds (or pips) and a porous white tissue – called pith or, more properly, mesocarp or albedo—lines its rind. When unripe, the fruit is green. The grainy irregular rind of the ripe fruit can range from bright orange to yellow-orange, but frequently retains green patches or, under warm climate conditions, remains entirely green. Like all other citrus fruits, the sweet orange is non-climacteric. The Citrus sinensis is subdivided into four classes with distinct characteristics: common oranges, blood or pigmented oranges, navel oranges, and acidless oranges.",0]
["What type of orange tree has thorns?","87_3","Which variety of orange trees has thorns and why?","Sweet orange trees can definitely have thorns. I have a pineapple orange tree, (in the ground 10 years) that has some wicked thorns, especially on new growth. I've got a cara-cara red navel that also has thorns on new growth. I like what you've done to your yard and how you've taken care of this tree, (2nd picture).",4,null,"What orange tree varieties grow thorns?","Sweet orange trees can definitely have thorns. I have a pineapple orange tree, (in the ground 10 years) that has some wicked thorns, especially on new growth. I've got a cara-cara red navel that also has thorns on new growth. I like what you've done to your yard and how you've taken care of this tree, (2nd picture).",4,null,"What types of orange trees come with thorns?","Sweet orange trees can definitely have thorns. I have a pineapple orange tree, (in the ground 10 years) that has some wicked thorns, especially on new growth. I've got a cara-cara red navel that also has thorns on new growth. I like what you've done to your yard and how you've taken care of this tree, (2nd picture).",4,null,"What type of orange tree has thorns?","Sweet orange trees can definitely have thorns. I have a pineapple orange tree, (in the ground 10 years) that has some wicked thorns, especially on new growth. I've got a cara-cara red navel that also has thorns on new growth. I like what you've done to your yard and how you've taken care of this tree, (2nd picture).",4,null,51,false,"87_3_MARCO_5272302","MARCO_5272302","87_3_MARCO_5272302","MARCO_5272302","87_3_MARCO_5272302","MARCO_5272302",null,"What type of orange tree has thorns?","MARCO_5272302","87_3_MARCO_5272302","Sweet orange trees can definitely have thorns. I have a pineapple orange tree, (in the ground 10 years) that has some wicked thorns, especially on new growth. I've got a cara-cara red navel that also has thorns on new growth. I like what you've done to your yard and how you've taken care of this tree, (2nd picture).",4]
["What type of orange tree has thorns?","87_3","Which variety of orange trees has thorns and why?","Besides the distinctive fruit and orange-yellow wood, Osage orange trees are known for their long, tire-flattening thorns. The male trees produce the pollen, and the female trees produce the fruit. Botanists are working on development of a male, thornless variety, for more friendly, modern landscaping. Even though you can't eat them, Osage oranges have many uses.",4,null,"What orange tree varieties grow thorns?","Pittosporum lancifolium, known as the Narrow-leaved Orange Thorn or Sticky Orange Thorn, is a shrub or tree growing in eastern Australia. Often found at altitudes above 500 metres above sea level; from Mallanganee National Park in New South Wales in the south to Yarraman in south east Queensland in the north.",0,null,"What types of orange trees come with thorns?","Pittosporum lancifolium, known as the Narrow-leaved Orange Thorn or Sticky Orange Thorn, is a shrub or tree growing in eastern Australia. Often found at altitudes above 500 metres above sea level; from Mallanganee National Park in New South Wales in the south to Yarraman in south east Queensland in the north.",0,null,"What type of orange tree has thorns?","Pittosporum lancifolium, known as the Narrow-leaved Orange Thorn or Sticky Orange Thorn, is a shrub or tree growing in eastern Australia. Often found at altitudes above 500 metres above sea level; from Mallanganee National Park in New South Wales in the south to Yarraman in south east Queensland in the north.",0,null,51,false,"87_3_MARCO_7099398","MARCO_7099398","87_3_CAR_6840a7bc4c3c5bc654045c8b8e2ffce3ec26f389","CAR_6840a7bc4c3c5bc654045c8b8e2ffce3ec26f389","87_3_CAR_6840a7bc4c3c5bc654045c8b8e2ffce3ec26f389","CAR_6840a7bc4c3c5bc654045c8b8e2ffce3ec26f389",null,"What type of orange tree has thorns?","CAR_6840a7bc4c3c5bc654045c8b8e2ffce3ec26f389","87_3_CAR_6840a7bc4c3c5bc654045c8b8e2ffce3ec26f389","Pittosporum lancifolium, known as the Narrow-leaved Orange Thorn or Sticky Orange Thorn, is a shrub or tree growing in eastern Australia. Often found at altitudes above 500 metres above sea level; from Mallanganee National Park in New South Wales in the south to Yarraman in south east Queensland in the north.",0]
["What type of orange tree has thorns?","87_3","Which variety of orange trees has thorns and why?","Today, most varieties are either thornless or have thin, blunt, flexible thorns found only at the base of the leaves. Oranges that are bitter and not commonly consumed, however, may have large thorns. The hardy or trifoliate orange tree, for example, features sharp, 2-inch long thorns and sour fruit.he thorns are the tree's way of protecting itself against hungry animals that want to nibble on the leaves and fruit of the tree, which can heavily damage or even destroy a young tree.",4,null,"What orange tree varieties grow thorns?","Besides the distinctive fruit and orange-yellow wood, Osage orange trees are known for their long, tire-flattening thorns. The male trees produce the pollen, and the female trees produce the fruit. Botanists are working on development of a male, thornless variety, for more friendly, modern landscaping. Even though you can't eat them, Osage oranges have many uses.",4,null,"What types of orange trees come with thorns?","No, itâ€™s not an anomaly; there are thorns on citrus trees. Although not well known, it is a fact that most, not all, citrus fruit trees have thorns. Letâ€™s learn more about thorns on a citrus tree. Citrus Tree with Thorns. Citrus fruits fall into several categories such as: 1  Oranges (both sweet and sour) 2  Mandarins. 3  Pomelos. 4  Grapefruit. 5  Lemons. 6  Limes. 7  Tangelos.",2,null,"What type of orange tree has thorns?","Pittosporum multiflorum, known as the orange thorn, is a shrub growing in eastern Australia. The dense foliage provides a habitat for small birds and animals. It grows on shales or volcanic soils, from Eden, New South Wales north to Queensland. Usually in or near rainforest areas.",0,null,51,false,"87_3_MARCO_6314853","MARCO_6314853","87_3_MARCO_7099398","MARCO_7099398","87_3_MARCO_5272303","MARCO_5272303",null,"What type of orange tree has thorns?","CAR_10b90a297d1850e5ceb34c050a60f86da5062f43","87_3_CAR_10b90a297d1850e5ceb34c050a60f86da5062f43","Pittosporum multiflorum, known as the orange thorn, is a shrub growing in eastern Australia. The dense foliage provides a habitat for small birds and animals. It grows on shales or volcanic soils, from Eden, New South Wales north to Queensland. Usually in or near rainforest areas.",0]
["Where do orange trees originally come from?","87_4","Where have orange trees evolved from?","History of Oranges. January 2017 - The first wild ancestors of oranges and lemons probably evolved in Australia and New Guinea, where the first people probably began eating them soon after they arrived there, about 30,000 BC. As early as the Stone Age, people were eating citron fruits in China, too.",2,null,"What region did the orange flowers originate from?","Acacia auratiflora, commonly known as the Orange-flowered wattle, is a shrub of the genus Acacia and the subgenus Plurinerves. It is native to an area in the Wheatbelt  region of Western Australia.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the history of the orange trees?","After some years of free literary activities, he was appointed in 1815 head of the Royal tree nursery of Versailles. In 1816, he published a description of the plants cultivated in the botanical garden of the School of medicine of Paris. Two years later, with Antoine Risso (1777-1845), he published Histoire naturelle des orangers (Natural history of the orange trees).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Where do orange trees originally come from?","The fruit came first. The English word orange has made quite a journey to get here. The fruit originally came from China â€“ the German word Apfelsine and the Dutch sinaasappel (Chinese apple) reflect this â€“ but our word ultimately comes from the Old Persian narang.",1,null,52,true,"87_4_MARCO_28181","MARCO_28181","87_4_CAR_ed5ca6b48490b56ce28f71859040dc56b0765f31","CAR_ed5ca6b48490b56ce28f71859040dc56b0765f31","87_4_CAR_a33f435e04ad7a55870038d70c551f15a9f2f4af","CAR_a33f435e04ad7a55870038d70c551f15a9f2f4af",null,"Where do orange trees originally come from?","MARCO_7410040","87_4_MARCO_7410040","The fruit came first. The English word orange has made quite a journey to get here. The fruit originally came from China â€“ the German word Apfelsine and the Dutch sinaasappel (Chinese apple) reflect this â€“ but our word ultimately comes from the Old Persian narang.",1]
["Where do orange trees originally come from?","87_4","Where have orange trees evolved from?","Seville orange trees transplanted on Curaçao from Spain in 1527 did not thrive in the arid climate and soil of this Southern Caribbean island. As the trees were then abandoned, the fruit evolved from a bright orange color and sweet taste into the green and inedible bitter laraha. The dried peels of the laraha, however, were discovered to be pleasantly aromatic, and experimentation with the extracts of these peels led to the creation of Curaçao liqueur.",2,null,"What region did the orange flowers originate from?","Mimulus aurantiacus, the sticky monkey-flower or orange bush monkey-flower, is a flowering plant that grows in a subshrub form, native to southwestern North America from southwestern Oregon south through most of California. It is a member of the lopseed family, Phrymaceae, or, alternately, the Scrophulariaceae. It is treated by some botanists in a separate genus from other Mimulus as Diplacus aurantiacus.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the history of the orange trees?","According to a 1917 study by Palemon Dorsett, Archibald Dixon Shamel and Wilson Popenoe of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), a single mutation in a Selecta orange tree planted on the grounds of a monastery near Bahia, Brazil, probably yielded the first navel orange between 1810 and 1820. Nevertheless, a researcher at the University of California, Riverside, has suggested that the parent variety was more likely the Portuguese navel orange (Umbigo), described by Antoine Risso and Pierre Antoine Poiteau in their book Histoire naturelle des orangers (\"Natural History of Orange Trees\", 1818–1822). The mutation caused the orange to develop a second fruit at its base, opposite the stem, embedded within the peel of the primary orange. Navel oranges were introduced in Australia in 1824 and in Florida in 1835. In 1870, twelve cuttings of the original tree were transplanted to Riverside, California, where the fruit became known as \"Washington\". This cultivar was very successful, and rapidly spread to other countries. Because the mutation left the fruit seedless and, therefore, sterile, the only method to cultivate navel oranges was to graft cuttings onto other varieties of citrus trees. The California Citrus State Historic Park and the Orcutt Ranch Horticulture Center preserve the history of navel oranges in Riverside.",3,null,"Where do orange trees originally come from?","In 1873 Eliza Tibbets received two new grafted orange trees to grow and test, from the botanist William Saunders, the Director of the new U.S. Department of Agriculture in Washington, D.C.. He had ordered the original cuttings from Bahia, Brazil.",3,null,52,true,"87_4_CAR_db777b1b580b9c124f8607c5c5644ad5ecdc4db2","CAR_db777b1b580b9c124f8607c5c5644ad5ecdc4db2","87_4_CAR_1381bb545b961722a09c83868dbc3d4ee9c2d84c","CAR_1381bb545b961722a09c83868dbc3d4ee9c2d84c","87_4_CAR_17818109b7a798085b34d528c7ab7b62cd95f945","CAR_17818109b7a798085b34d528c7ab7b62cd95f945",null,"Where do orange trees originally come from?","CAR_c929f039ae5071891773bddc9e3a2ac56d0624e1","87_4_CAR_c929f039ae5071891773bddc9e3a2ac56d0624e1","In 1873 Eliza Tibbets received two new grafted orange trees to grow and test, from the botanist William Saunders, the Director of the new U.S. Department of Agriculture in Washington, D.C.. He had ordered the original cuttings from Bahia, Brazil.",3]
["Where do orange trees originally come from?","87_4","Where have orange trees evolved from?","The large citrus fruit of today evolved originally from small, edible berries over millions of years. Citrus plants diverged from a common ancestor about 15 million years ago, which was about when it diverged from the closely related severinia, for example the Chinese box orange. About 7 million years ago, citrus plants diverged into two groups, the main citrus genus and the ancestors of the Trifoliate orange (poncirus), which is closely enough related that it can still be hybridized with all other citrus. These estimates are made using genetic mapping of plant chloroplasts, and the evolution at that time is thought to either have occurred somewhere in southeastern Asia, or Australia.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What region did the orange flowers originate from?","Orange flower water has been a traditional ingredient used often in North African as well as in Middle Eastern cooking. In Arab variants of baklava, orange blossom water is often mixed with the sweet syrup for flavor. Orange blossoms are believed to be used in this manner because they are seen as the traditional bridal flower and, therefore, symbolize purity (white, small and delicate). It is also added to plain water in the Middle East to mask high mineral content and other unpleasant flavors (e.g. those arising from storage in a qulla, a type of clay jug that keeps water cool in a manner similar to the zeer); some add the fragrance irrespective of the taste of the plain water.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the history of the orange trees?","In France, the first orangerie  was built and stocked by Charles VIII of France at the Château of Amboise. There is general agreement that the arrival of the sweet orange in Europe was linked with the activities of the Portuguese during the fifteenth century, and particularly by Vasco de Gama's voyages to the East. Although the Romans had been acquainted with lemons and probably sour oranges as well as citrons, the different types - sour oranges, lemons and sweet oranges - reached Europe centuries apart. By withholding water and nutrients, and by using pruning techniques, French gardeners were able to make citrus trees bloom throughout the year, to the delight of Louis XIV. Citrus motifs formed themes in sculpture, mosaics, embroidery, weaving, paintings, poems, and songs throughout history, and orange blossoms remain prized as floral ornaments at weddings.",2,null,"Where do orange trees originally come from?","The first orange trees were planted in 1871, but the citrus industry Riverside is famous for beginning three years later (1874)  when Eliza Tibbetts received three  Brazilian navel orange trees sent to her by a personal friend, William Saunders who was a horticulturist at the United States Department of Agriculture in Washington, D.C. The trees came from Bahia, Brazil. The Bahia orange did not do well in Florida, but its success in Southern California was phenomenal.",3,null,52,true,"87_4_CAR_ca323fe3edfe898ac1ee6d60a932d7ac40591b6c","CAR_ca323fe3edfe898ac1ee6d60a932d7ac40591b6c","87_4_CAR_84e6347629daac82038581541ac9ad2fedbad5d3","CAR_84e6347629daac82038581541ac9ad2fedbad5d3","87_4_CAR_c5827cdc802ca972432e6c7ccf00169cdab5f628","CAR_c5827cdc802ca972432e6c7ccf00169cdab5f628",null,"Where do orange trees originally come from?","CAR_d1598d76471296a28069f367a73907c476b5020e","87_4_CAR_d1598d76471296a28069f367a73907c476b5020e","The first orange trees were planted in 1871, but the citrus industry Riverside is famous for beginning three years later (1874)  when Eliza Tibbetts received three  Brazilian navel orange trees sent to her by a personal friend, William Saunders who was a horticulturist at the United States Department of Agriculture in Washington, D.C. The trees came from Bahia, Brazil. The Bahia orange did not do well in Florida, but its success in Southern California was phenomenal.",3]
["Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","87_5","What is the Hamlin orange?","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",4,null,"What are some facts about the Hamlin variety of orange trees.?","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",4,null,"What are some features of the Hamlin variety of orange trees?","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",4,null,"Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",4,null,53,false,"87_5_CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","87_5_CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","87_5_CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada",null,"Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","87_5_CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",4]
["Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","87_5","What is the Hamlin orange?","Ambersweet Orange. Tastes like a mild tangerine; easy to peel and section. Excellent source of Vitamin C and fiber, containing more fiber than an English muffin. Hamlin Orange. Medium size, round to oval, deep yellow to orange color with a smooth, thin peel.",3,null,"What are some facts about the Hamlin variety of orange trees.?","Citrus Products. Florida growers produce several types of Florida citrus, including oranges, grapefruit and speciality fruit including Temple oranges, tangerines and tangelos. Here are some fun facts about Florida oranges: The primary varieties are Navel, Hamlin, Pineapple, Ambersweet and Valencia.",1,null,"What are some features of the Hamlin variety of orange trees?","Ambersweet Orange. Tastes like a mild tangerine; easy to peel and section. Excellent source of Vitamin C and fiber, containing more fiber than an English muffin. Hamlin Orange. Medium size, round to oval, deep yellow to orange color with a smooth, thin peel.",3,null,"Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","Ambersweet Orange. Tastes like a mild tangerine; easy to peel and section. Excellent source of Vitamin C and fiber, containing more fiber than an English muffin. Hamlin Orange. Medium size, round to oval, deep yellow to orange color with a smooth, thin peel.",3,null,53,false,"87_5_MARCO_8215197","MARCO_8215197","87_5_MARCO_5154347","MARCO_5154347","87_5_MARCO_8215197","MARCO_8215197",null,"Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","MARCO_8215197","87_5_MARCO_8215197","Ambersweet Orange. Tastes like a mild tangerine; easy to peel and section. Excellent source of Vitamin C and fiber, containing more fiber than an English muffin. Hamlin Orange. Medium size, round to oval, deep yellow to orange color with a smooth, thin peel.",3]
["Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","87_5","What is the Hamlin orange?","Hamlin's Wizard Oil was an American patent medicine sold as a cure-all under the slogan \"There is no Sore it will Not Heal, No Pain it will not Subdue.\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some facts about the Hamlin variety of orange trees.?","Facts About Orange blossom. 1  The sweet orange tree, which bears the orange blossom, is a compact evergreen tree, 20-30 tall with a rounded, symmetrical crown spreading 15-20 or so. 2  The Orange twigs on many cultivars are thorny. The bark of the orange tree is greenish-brown color, having axillary spines on the branches.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some features of the Hamlin variety of orange trees?","1 Common orange â€“ There are many varieties of common orange and it is widely grown. 2  The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types.",1,null,"Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","1 Common orange â€“ There are many varieties of common orange and it is widely grown. 2  The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types.",1,null,53,false,"87_5_CAR_9a03a46a1af10f0bb6bad7f545bc052b8fc95a31","CAR_9a03a46a1af10f0bb6bad7f545bc052b8fc95a31","87_5_MARCO_4060467","MARCO_4060467","87_5_MARCO_7016257","MARCO_7016257",null,"Tell me about the Hamlin orange variety.","MARCO_7016257","87_5_MARCO_7016257","1 Common orange â€“ There are many varieties of common orange and it is widely grown. 2  The most common varieties of common oranges are the Valencia, Hartâ€™s Tardiff Valencia, and the Hamlin, but there are dozens of other types.",1]
["Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","87_6","Why did Hamlin orange take the place of Parson Brown?","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why did the Hamlin orange substitute the Parson Brown?","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why is the Hamlin type superior to the Parson Brown type?","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,54,true,"87_6_CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","87_6_CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","87_6_CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada",null,"Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","87_6_CAR_324a662bc5882c7008be352a502ab559cd54bada","Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1]
["Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","87_6","Why did Hamlin orange take the place of Parson Brown?","In 2010, Orange announced his candidacy for Chair of District Council, challenging at-large council member Kwame Brown for the position. At the time, he was working as the Chief Financial Officer of the National Children's Center. Orange said he was now in favor of same-sex marriage, changing his position from four years earlier, saying \"times change.\" After three credit card companies sued Brown for unpaid bills and Brown said his mortgage and other personal debt totaled around $700,000, Orange said Brown's poor handling of his personal finances should make him unfit to handle the District's finances. Orange was also critical of irregularities in Brown's financial filings for his previous two campaigns, which Brown attributed to accounting errors. Two of Orange's campaign aides resigned due to the negative tone of his campaign. The editorial board of The Washington Post endorsed Orange's candidacy. All but one of the sitting council members endorsed Brown's reelection. Brown won the Democratic primary with 55 percent of the vote, while Orange received 39 percent. Brown won in the general election as well.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why did the Hamlin orange substitute the Parson Brown?","Parsons returned to Hendrick Motorsports in 1987 as a substitute driver for Tim Richmond, who was stricken with AIDS and would succumb in 1989. During the first lap of a race at Darlington Raceway, Parsons hit the wall and badly damaged his race car. He was able to continue, but had to make several pit stops for repairs.  At one point, his crew chief, Harry Hyde refused to allow Parsons to pit because he and the crew were on an ice cream break. This incident was alluded to in the film, Days of Thunder. Another scene in the film was inspired by a real-life incident at Martinsville Speedway involving Parsons and the notoriously cantankerous Hyde: Hyde sarcastically told Parsons to hit the pace car on a restart because it was the only thing on the track Parsons had not hit.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why is the Hamlin type superior to the Parson Brown type?","Frosty and Crystal run through the town announcing their wedding to the children. The children gather together with Parson Brown, the local preacher, in town to marry them. Parson Brown says that he can't perform the ceremony, as he can only legally marry real people. Everyone is dejected until Parson Brown suggests they build a \"snow parson\" with his assistance. After the parson is built, Parson Brown states that \"A parson is not a parson 'til he holds the Good Book in his hand.\" He places a Bible into the snow parson's hand, and he is immediately vivified. Jack witnesses this and decides to spoil the wedding with a blizzard. Crystal decides to reason with him asks for him to be the best man at the wedding (after all, she says, the whole wedding should be wintry, and so it would only be appropriate for him to be the best man). Finally feeling appreciated, Jack agrees. The wedding goes on without a hitch, to the song \"Winter Wonderland\".",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","In 1931, she and her husband Ausker Hughes, a chemist, moved to Lake County, Florida, where they both worked on citrus research. By 1935, they had 75 acres of test groves under production. Together they developed a number of new orange strains that are precursors of widely planted present-day varieties, working especially with nucellar seedlings of Parson Brown and Valencia oranges.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,54,true,"87_6_CAR_c188ce0191a22fcf29674c3d5d65c5dbee6f8387","CAR_c188ce0191a22fcf29674c3d5d65c5dbee6f8387","87_6_CAR_89341d2c6e7ca483497946701c7a0adc9dcba61a","CAR_89341d2c6e7ca483497946701c7a0adc9dcba61a","87_6_CAR_5c918545126076023f27c218881a8e806e41a132","CAR_5c918545126076023f27c218881a8e806e41a132",null,"Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","CAR_c264ac5e552ea8c67c92d609d4e76b4151bac22c","87_6_CAR_c264ac5e552ea8c67c92d609d4e76b4151bac22c","In 1931, she and her husband Ausker Hughes, a chemist, moved to Lake County, Florida, where they both worked on citrus research. By 1935, they had 75 acres of test groves under production. Together they developed a number of new orange strains that are precursors of widely planted present-day varieties, working especially with nucellar seedlings of Parson Brown and Valencia oranges.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","87_6","Why did Hamlin orange take the place of Parson Brown?","Frosty and Crystal run through the town announcing their wedding to the children. The children gather together with Parson Brown, the local preacher, in town to marry them. Parson Brown says that he can't perform the ceremony, as he can only legally marry real people. Everyone is dejected until Parson Brown suggests they build a \"snow parson\" with his assistance. After the parson is built, Parson Brown states that \"A parson is not a parson 'til he holds the Good Book in his hand.\" He places a Bible into the snow parson's hand, and he is immediately vivified. Jack witnesses this and decides to spoil the wedding with a blizzard. Crystal decides to reason with him asks for him to be the best man at the wedding (after all, she says, the whole wedding should be wintry, and so it would only be appropriate for him to be the best man). Finally feeling appreciated, Jack agrees. The wedding goes on without a hitch, to the song \"Winter Wonderland\".",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why did the Hamlin orange substitute the Parson Brown?","According to the Ariel, \"It is only fair to say that the Hamlines did not have their full strength and the University won by two goals in fifty-five minutes.  This ended the day and the crowd dispersed well satisfied with the beginning which had been made in intercollegiate sports.\" The teams had a rematch a couple of weeks later which was won by Hamline.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why is the Hamlin type superior to the Parson Brown type?","Superior types are large, thick, extensive iron deposits across stable shelves and in broad basins.  Total iron content in this class type exceeds 10 tons. They can extend to over 10 kilometers. Deposition occurs in relatively shallow marine conditions under transgressing seas.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","In the 2014 Auto Club 400, Sam Hornish, Jr. replaced Hamlin due to Hamlin having what was thought to be sinus infection, but later revealed to be a piece of metal in his eye that impaired his vision. Hornish, who was actually on standby for teammate Matt Kenseth, finished a solid 17th in his return to Cup.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,54,true,"87_6_CAR_5c918545126076023f27c218881a8e806e41a132","CAR_5c918545126076023f27c218881a8e806e41a132","87_6_CAR_fa7e19cb8addc5e18db09a8922802125112d0178","CAR_fa7e19cb8addc5e18db09a8922802125112d0178","87_6_CAR_3d5841d973942e41ed25a9c46876ccf768207a93","CAR_3d5841d973942e41ed25a9c46876ccf768207a93",null,"Why did the Hamlin orange replace the Parson Brown variety?","CAR_0240754b63d344c703c07ed677c10fdc609c3d69","87_6_CAR_0240754b63d344c703c07ed677c10fdc609c3d69","In the 2014 Auto Club 400, Sam Hornish, Jr. replaced Hamlin due to Hamlin having what was thought to be sinus infection, but later revealed to be a piece of metal in his eye that impaired his vision. Hornish, who was actually on standby for teammate Matt Kenseth, finished a solid 17th in his return to Cup.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["What are the different types of navel oranges?","87_7","How many different sorts of navel oranges are there?","Below, check out our guide to nine different types of oranges -- clementines, tangerines, honey tangerines, cara caras, tangelos, navels, juice oranges, blood oranges and Satsumas.",1,null,"Are all navel oranges the same? What types are there?","Today, navel oranges continue to be propagated through cutting and grafting. This does not allow for the usual selective breeding methodologies, and so all navel oranges can be considered fruits from that single, nearly two-hundred-year-old tree: they have exactly the same genetic make-up as the original tree and are, therefore, clones. This case is similar to that of the common yellow seedless banana, the Cavendish, or that of the Granny Smith apple. On rare occasions, however, further mutations can lead to new varieties.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the kinds of navel oranges available?","1 Of the navels, the most common types are the Cara cara, Bahia, Dream navel, Late Navel and Washington or California Navel. 2  Acid-less orange â€“ Acid-less oranges have very little acid, hence little flavor. 3  Acid-less oranges are early season fruit and are also called â€œsweetâ€\u009d oranges.",3,null,"What are the different types of navel oranges?","1 Of the navels, the most common types are the Cara cara, Bahia, Dream navel, Late Navel and Washington or California Navel. 2  Acid-less orange â€“ Acid-less oranges have very little acid, hence little flavor. 3  Acid-less oranges are early season fruit and are also called â€œsweetâ€\u009d oranges.",3,null,55,false,"87_7_MARCO_2866939","MARCO_2866939","87_7_CAR_888cd19336a8d1663bf6df6f8dfbe1d6932b075e","CAR_888cd19336a8d1663bf6df6f8dfbe1d6932b075e","87_7_MARCO_7016262","MARCO_7016262",null,"What are the different types of navel oranges?","MARCO_7016262","87_7_MARCO_7016262","1 Of the navels, the most common types are the Cara cara, Bahia, Dream navel, Late Navel and Washington or California Navel. 2  Acid-less orange â€“ Acid-less oranges have very little acid, hence little flavor. 3  Acid-less oranges are early season fruit and are also called â€œsweetâ€\u009d oranges.",3]
["What are the different types of navel oranges?","87_7","How many different sorts of navel oranges are there?","1 Of the navels, the most common types are the Cara cara, Bahia, Dream navel, Late Navel and Washington or California Navel. 2  Acid-less orange â€“ Acid-less oranges have very little acid, hence little flavor. 3  Acid-less oranges are early season fruit and are also called â€œsweetâ€\u009d oranges.",3,null,"Are all navel oranges the same? What types are there?","1 Of the navels, the most common types are the Cara cara, Bahia, Dream navel, Late Navel and Washington or California Navel. 2  Acid-less orange â€“ Acid-less oranges have very little acid, hence little flavor. 3  Acid-less oranges are early season fruit and are also called â€œsweetâ€\u009d oranges.",3,null,"What are the kinds of navel oranges available?","Featured Item: Cara Cara Navel Oranges: Cara cara navel oranges, are a variety of navel oranges. They were first discovered in 1976 at Hacienda Cara Cara in Venezuela and later introduced in Florida and then in California during the 1980s.",1,null,"What are the different types of navel oranges?","Oranges: There are different types of oranges: navel oranges, Valencia oranges and blood oranges are the most cultivated races. Tangelos: a tangelo is a crossing between a tangerine, a grapefruit and an orange.",0,null,55,false,"87_7_MARCO_7016262","MARCO_7016262","87_7_MARCO_7016262","MARCO_7016262","87_7_MARCO_2695258","MARCO_2695258",null,"What are the different types of navel oranges?","MARCO_7016263","87_7_MARCO_7016263","Oranges: There are different types of oranges: navel oranges, Valencia oranges and blood oranges are the most cultivated races. Tangelos: a tangelo is a crossing between a tangerine, a grapefruit and an orange.",0]
["What are the different types of navel oranges?","87_7","How many different sorts of navel oranges are there?","Below, check out our guide to nine different types of oranges -- clementines, tangerines, honey tangerines, cara caras, tangelos, navels, juice oranges, blood oranges and Satsumas. Next time you're at the store, try something new! What's your favorite kind of orange? Leave us a comment below.",0,null,"Are all navel oranges the same? What types are there?","Cara Cara oranges are a type of navel orange. They're a cross between two navels and were first discovered in the mid-70s in Venezuela. Now, they're largely grown in California and reach their peak season between December and April. Cara Caras have the same round shape and bright orange rind as traditional navels. What really sets these oranges apart is what's on the inside! Cara Cara oranges have distinct pinkish-red and orange flesh.",1,null,"What are the kinds of navel oranges available?","The progeny trees derived from this parent source tree continues to be the most popular navel grown in California. In the estimation of many, the fruit of the Washington navel remains the finest in size, flavor, quality, lack of seed, low rag and excellent holding capacity when the fruit is held on the tree. The navel orange remains as one of the most popular of all of the varieties of fresh fruit whether produced in California, Peru, South Africa, or Australia. Millions of trees were propagated from progeny of this mother tree, not only in California, but worldwide.",1,null,"What are the different types of navel oranges?","Featured Item: Cara Cara Navel Oranges: Cara cara navel oranges, are a variety of navel oranges. They were first discovered in 1976 at Hacienda Cara Cara in Venezuela and later introduced in Florida and then in California during the 1980s.",1,null,55,false,"87_7_MARCO_8513155","MARCO_8513155","87_7_MARCO_5183481","MARCO_5183481","87_7_CAR_01e19910d85aefe38d9823c2a2fe2afe230782cd","CAR_01e19910d85aefe38d9823c2a2fe2afe230782cd",null,"What are the different types of navel oranges?","MARCO_2695258","87_7_MARCO_2695258","Featured Item: Cara Cara Navel Oranges: Cara cara navel oranges, are a variety of navel oranges. They were first discovered in 1976 at Hacienda Cara Cara in Venezuela and later introduced in Florida and then in California during the 1980s.",1]
["Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","87_8","What kind of navel orange is the best?","Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand. They have a meaty flesh, their thick rinds are easy to peel, the segments separate easily, and they have no seeds.",3,null,"What's the best navel orange?","Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand. They have a meaty flesh, their thick rinds are easy to peel, the segments separate easily, and they have no seeds.",3,null,"What kinds of navel oranges are best for eating?","Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand. They have a meaty flesh, their thick rinds are easy to peel, the segments separate easily, and they have no seeds.",3,null,"Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","The progeny trees derived from this parent source tree continues to be the most popular navel grown in California. In the estimation of many, the fruit of the Washington navel remains the finest in size, flavor, quality, lack of seed, low rag and excellent holding capacity when the fruit is held on the tree. The navel orange remains as one of the most popular of all of the varieties of fresh fruit whether produced in California, Peru, South Africa, or Australia. Millions of trees were propagated from progeny of this mother tree, not only in California, but worldwide.",3,null,56,true,"87_8_MARCO_2448406","MARCO_2448406","87_8_MARCO_2448406","MARCO_2448406","87_8_MARCO_2448406","MARCO_2448406",null,"Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","CAR_01e19910d85aefe38d9823c2a2fe2afe230782cd","87_8_CAR_01e19910d85aefe38d9823c2a2fe2afe230782cd","The progeny trees derived from this parent source tree continues to be the most popular navel grown in California. In the estimation of many, the fruit of the Washington navel remains the finest in size, flavor, quality, lack of seed, low rag and excellent holding capacity when the fruit is held on the tree. The navel orange remains as one of the most popular of all of the varieties of fresh fruit whether produced in California, Peru, South Africa, or Australia. Millions of trees were propagated from progeny of this mother tree, not only in California, but worldwide.",3]
["Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","87_8","What kind of navel orange is the best?","The progeny trees derived from this parent source tree continues to be the most popular navel grown in California. In the estimation of many, the fruit of the Washington navel remains the finest in size, flavor, quality, lack of seed, low rag and excellent holding capacity when the fruit is held on the tree. The navel orange remains as one of the most popular of all of the varieties of fresh fruit whether produced in California, Peru, South Africa, or Australia. Millions of trees were propagated from progeny of this mother tree, not only in California, but worldwide.",3,null,"What's the best navel orange?","The progeny trees derived from this parent source tree continues to be the most popular navel grown in California. In the estimation of many, the fruit of the Washington navel remains the finest in size, flavor, quality, lack of seed, low rag and excellent holding capacity when the fruit is held on the tree. The navel orange remains as one of the most popular of all of the varieties of fresh fruit whether produced in California, Peru, South Africa, or Australia. Millions of trees were propagated from progeny of this mother tree, not only in California, but worldwide.",3,null,"What kinds of navel oranges are best for eating?","The two most familiar varieties are navel and Valencia oranges, which are very good, but if you limit yourself to them, you're missing out on some real treats. Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand.",3,null,"Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand. They have a meaty flesh, their thick rinds are easy to peel, the segments separate easily, and they have no seeds.",3,null,56,true,"87_8_CAR_01e19910d85aefe38d9823c2a2fe2afe230782cd","CAR_01e19910d85aefe38d9823c2a2fe2afe230782cd","87_8_CAR_01e19910d85aefe38d9823c2a2fe2afe230782cd","CAR_01e19910d85aefe38d9823c2a2fe2afe230782cd","87_8_MARCO_2866937","MARCO_2866937",null,"Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","MARCO_2448406","87_8_MARCO_2448406","Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand. They have a meaty flesh, their thick rinds are easy to peel, the segments separate easily, and they have no seeds.",3]
["Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","87_8","What kind of navel orange is the best?","The two most familiar varieties are navel and Valencia oranges, which are very good, but if you limit yourself to them, you're missing out on some real treats. Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand.",3,null,"What's the best navel orange?","The two most familiar varieties are navel and Valencia oranges, which are very good, but if you limit yourself to them, you're missing out on some real treats. Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand.",3,null,"What kinds of navel oranges are best for eating?","Varieties we grow include Washington, Cara Cara, and Late Navel. Considered the â€œeating orangeâ€\u009d, these oranges are seedless and easy to peel and are a favorite snack in the winter! They have a thicker peel and lower juice content than Valencias making them superb for eating and using in salads. The Cara Cara variety has a red hue.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","The two most familiar varieties are navel and Valencia oranges, which are very good, but if you limit yourself to them, you're missing out on some real treats. Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand.",3,null,56,true,"87_8_MARCO_2866937","MARCO_2866937","87_8_MARCO_2866937","MARCO_2866937","87_8_MARCO_4351758","MARCO_4351758",null,"Which type of navel orange is the most delicious?","MARCO_2866937","87_8_MARCO_2866937","The two most familiar varieties are navel and Valencia oranges, which are very good, but if you limit yourself to them, you're missing out on some real treats. Navel California navel oranges are considered by many to be the best oranges in the world for eating out of hand.",3]
["How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","87_9","What are some similarities and differences between blood orange and Cara Cara oranges?","While also pigmented, Cara cara navels and Vainiglia Sanguignos have pigmentation based on lycopene, not anthocyanins like blood oranges. Moro. The 'Moro' is the most colorful of the blood oranges, with a deep red flesh and a rind with a bright red blush. The flavor is stronger and the aroma is more intense than a normal orange.",2,null,"What is the difference between blood oranges and Cara Cara oranges?","While also pigmented, Cara cara navels and Vainiglia Sanguignos have pigmentation based on lycopene, not anthocyanins like blood oranges. Moro. The 'Moro' is the most colorful of the blood oranges, with a deep red flesh and a rind with a bright red blush. The flavor is stronger and the aroma is more intense than a normal orange.",2,null,"How do Cara Cara Oranges contrast to blood oranges?","While also pigmented, Cara cara navels and Vainiglia Sanguignos have pigmentation based on lycopene, not anthocyanins like blood oranges. Moro. The 'Moro' is the most colorful of the blood oranges, with a deep red flesh and a rind with a bright red blush. The flavor is stronger and the aroma is more intense than a normal orange.",2,null,"How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","While also pigmented, Cara cara navels and Vainiglia Sanguignos have pigmentation based on lycopene, not anthocyanins like blood oranges. Moro. The 'Moro' is the most colorful of the blood oranges, with a deep red flesh and a rind with a bright red blush. The flavor is stronger and the aroma is more intense than a normal orange.",2,null,57,false,"87_9_MARCO_7415576","MARCO_7415576","87_9_MARCO_7415576","MARCO_7415576","87_9_MARCO_7415576","MARCO_7415576",null,"How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","MARCO_7415576","87_9_MARCO_7415576","While also pigmented, Cara cara navels and Vainiglia Sanguignos have pigmentation based on lycopene, not anthocyanins like blood oranges. Moro. The 'Moro' is the most colorful of the blood oranges, with a deep red flesh and a rind with a bright red blush. The flavor is stronger and the aroma is more intense than a normal orange.",2]
["How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","87_9","What are some similarities and differences between blood orange and Cara Cara oranges?","Cara cara oranges (also called \"red navel\") are a type of navel orange grown mainly in Venezuela, South Africa and in California's San Joaquin Valley. They are sweet and comparatively low in acid, with a bright orange rind similar to that of other navels, but their flesh is distinctively pinkish red. It is believed that they have originated as a cross between the Washington navel and the Brazilian Bahia navel, and they were discovered at the Hacienda Cara Cara in Valencia, Venezuela, in 1976.",1,null,"What is the difference between blood oranges and Cara Cara oranges?","Cara cara oranges (also called \"red navel\") are a type of navel orange grown mainly in Venezuela, South Africa and in California's San Joaquin Valley. They are sweet and comparatively low in acid, with a bright orange rind similar to that of other navels, but their flesh is distinctively pinkish red. It is believed that they have originated as a cross between the Washington navel and the Brazilian Bahia navel, and they were discovered at the Hacienda Cara Cara in Valencia, Venezuela, in 1976.",1,null,"How do Cara Cara Oranges contrast to blood oranges?","Cara cara oranges (also called \"red navel\") are a type of navel orange grown mainly in Venezuela, South Africa and in California's San Joaquin Valley. They are sweet and comparatively low in acid, with a bright orange rind similar to that of other navels, but their flesh is distinctively pinkish red. It is believed that they have originated as a cross between the Washington navel and the Brazilian Bahia navel, and they were discovered at the Hacienda Cara Cara in Valencia, Venezuela, in 1976.",1,null,"How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","Blood oranges possess a distinctive flavor compared to other sweet oranges like navels. This citrus variety is considered less acidic in taste than the navel and often contains overtones of berries such as raspberry or strawberry. The blood orange is considered an eating and juicing orange, while the navel is more of an eating orange.",1,null,57,false,"87_9_CAR_f18989c778a76543a04bb544143bd4d8669c8554","CAR_f18989c778a76543a04bb544143bd4d8669c8554","87_9_CAR_f18989c778a76543a04bb544143bd4d8669c8554","CAR_f18989c778a76543a04bb544143bd4d8669c8554","87_9_CAR_f18989c778a76543a04bb544143bd4d8669c8554","CAR_f18989c778a76543a04bb544143bd4d8669c8554",null,"How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","MARCO_6897852","87_9_MARCO_6897852","Blood oranges possess a distinctive flavor compared to other sweet oranges like navels. This citrus variety is considered less acidic in taste than the navel and often contains overtones of berries such as raspberry or strawberry. The blood orange is considered an eating and juicing orange, while the navel is more of an eating orange.",1]
["How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","87_9","What are some similarities and differences between blood orange and Cara Cara oranges?","The Cara Cara is very sweet in flavor due to its low acidity, with a taste thatâ€™s been described as being more complex than that of a traditional navel orange; youâ€™ll experience hints of cherry and notes of rose and blackberry.",1,null,"What is the difference between blood oranges and Cara Cara oranges?","Cara cara navel. The Cara cara navel, or red-fleshed navel orange is an early-to-midseason navel orange believed to have developed as a cross between the Washington navel and the Brazilian Bahia navel.",0,null,"How do Cara Cara Oranges contrast to blood oranges?","Cara Cara oranges are a type of navel orange. They're a cross between two navels and were first discovered in the mid-70s in Venezuela. Now, they're largely grown in California and reach their peak season between December and April. Cara Caras have the same round shape and bright orange rind as traditional navels. What really sets these oranges apart is what's on the inside! Cara Cara oranges have distinct pinkish-red and orange flesh.",0,null,"How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","Blood oranges tend to be a bit smaller than other types of oranges, with a thick, pitted skin that may or may not have a reddish blush, but generally look like regular oranges from the outside -- but then you cut them open and the difference is striking indeed.",1,null,57,false,"87_9_MARCO_8325559","MARCO_8325559","87_9_MARCO_2695262","MARCO_2695262","87_9_MARCO_5183481","MARCO_5183481",null,"How do cara cara oranges compare with blood oranges?","MARCO_7271694","87_9_MARCO_7271694","Blood oranges tend to be a bit smaller than other types of oranges, with a thick, pitted skin that may or may not have a reddish blush, but generally look like regular oranges from the outside -- but then you cut them open and the difference is striking indeed.",1]
["Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","88_1","What is the history of the labor system in the Ottoman Empire?","Economic history of the Ottoman Empire covers the period 1299–1923. The economic history falls into two distinctive sub periods. The first is the classic era (enlargement), which comprised a closed agricultural economy, showing regional distinctions within the empire. The Second period was the reformation era that comprised state organized reforms, commencing with administrative and political structures through to state and public functions. Change began with military reforms extending to military associated guilds (Ottoman: لنكا) and public craft guilds.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the historical info on the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","Dismissed owing to intrigues at the Ottoman court, he was reinstated in Bucharest (1798–1801). In 1799, he passed a resolution ending the labor conflict at the cloth factory in Pociovaliște (presently part of Bucharest). After reforming its system of worker employment and payment, as well as hiring Saxon experts from Transylvania to manage the industry, he denied the workers' request to institute two weeks off for each week of labor, and ordered activities to be resumed, while stressing that it was imperative to respect the Ottoman demand for textiles (see Labor movement in Romania). At the time, the employees did not receive payment, but worked in exchange for tax exemptions.",3,null,"How was the labor system in the Ottoman Empire developed?","With industrialization, many Salonikans of all faiths became factory workers, part of a new proletariat. Given their population in the city, a large Jewish working class developed. Employers hired labor without regard for religion or ethnicity, unlike the common practice in other parts of the Ottoman Empire.  In the city, workers movements developed crossing ethnic lines; in later years, the labor movements here became marked by issues of nationalism and identity.",2,null,"Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","With industrialization, many Salonikans of all faiths became factory workers, part of a new proletariat. Given their population in the city, a large Jewish working class developed. Employers hired labor without regard for religion or ethnicity, unlike the common practice in other parts of the Ottoman Empire.  In the city, workers movements developed crossing ethnic lines; in later years, the labor movements here became marked by issues of nationalism and identity.",2,null,58,true,"88_1_CAR_7bbedcbdd0b9511990576803907c66a5da6d1bbf","CAR_7bbedcbdd0b9511990576803907c66a5da6d1bbf","88_1_CAR_44c8a23b00acf1a44867da7dd2bf18d458a03b6a","CAR_44c8a23b00acf1a44867da7dd2bf18d458a03b6a","88_1_CAR_1c89a8711ca44b146f54b11e6de4face01bff1ee","CAR_1c89a8711ca44b146f54b11e6de4face01bff1ee",null,"Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_1c89a8711ca44b146f54b11e6de4face01bff1ee","88_1_CAR_1c89a8711ca44b146f54b11e6de4face01bff1ee","With industrialization, many Salonikans of all faiths became factory workers, part of a new proletariat. Given their population in the city, a large Jewish working class developed. Employers hired labor without regard for religion or ethnicity, unlike the common practice in other parts of the Ottoman Empire.  In the city, workers movements developed crossing ethnic lines; in later years, the labor movements here became marked by issues of nationalism and identity.",2]
["Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","88_1","What is the history of the labor system in the Ottoman Empire?","Dismissed owing to intrigues at the Ottoman court, he was reinstated in Bucharest (1798–1801). In 1799, he passed a resolution ending the labor conflict at the cloth factory in Pociovaliște (presently part of Bucharest). After reforming its system of worker employment and payment, as well as hiring Saxon experts from Transylvania to manage the industry, he denied the workers' request to institute two weeks off for each week of labor, and ordered activities to be resumed, while stressing that it was imperative to respect the Ottoman demand for textiles (see Labor movement in Romania). At the time, the employees did not receive payment, but worked in exchange for tax exemptions.",3,null,"What is the historical info on the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","The Ottoman agrarian system was based around the tapu, which involved a permanent lease of state-owned arable land to a peasant family. In Haiti there was a social system based on collective labor teams, called kounbit, where farms were run by nuclear families and exchanges. This was replaced by smaller groups, called eskouad, who operated on a reciprocal basis or conducted collective labor to other peasants for a price.",1,null,"How was the labor system in the Ottoman Empire developed?","Dismissed owing to intrigues at the Ottoman court, he was reinstated in Bucharest (1798–1801). In 1799, he passed a resolution ending the labor conflict at the cloth factory in Pociovaliște (presently part of Bucharest). After reforming its system of worker employment and payment, as well as hiring Saxon experts from Transylvania to manage the industry, he denied the workers' request to institute two weeks off for each week of labor, and ordered activities to be resumed, while stressing that it was imperative to respect the Ottoman demand for textiles (see Labor movement in Romania). At the time, the employees did not receive payment, but worked in exchange for tax exemptions.",3,null,"Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","Around 1820, Mohammad Ali, the Ottoman Governor of Egypt, brought 500 Syrians to the Wadi and equipped them with animals and labor to construct 1,000 sakias for the cultivation of mulberry trees for silk production. The irrigation system was repaired by cleaning and deepening of existing canals. Labor was provided by forcing peasants to work.",2,null,58,true,"88_1_CAR_44c8a23b00acf1a44867da7dd2bf18d458a03b6a","CAR_44c8a23b00acf1a44867da7dd2bf18d458a03b6a","88_1_CAR_92a057e1cbe98f006a113ed77323099d59f0b289","CAR_92a057e1cbe98f006a113ed77323099d59f0b289","88_1_CAR_44c8a23b00acf1a44867da7dd2bf18d458a03b6a","CAR_44c8a23b00acf1a44867da7dd2bf18d458a03b6a",null,"Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_fd33f78ea60f5da4ad138813e3b0a41d21c17ef8","88_1_CAR_fd33f78ea60f5da4ad138813e3b0a41d21c17ef8","Around 1820, Mohammad Ali, the Ottoman Governor of Egypt, brought 500 Syrians to the Wadi and equipped them with animals and labor to construct 1,000 sakias for the cultivation of mulberry trees for silk production. The irrigation system was repaired by cleaning and deepening of existing canals. Labor was provided by forcing peasants to work.",2]
["Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","88_1","What is the history of the labor system in the Ottoman Empire?","The Ottoman agrarian system was based around the tapu, which involved a permanent lease of state-owned arable land to a peasant family. In Haiti there was a social system based on collective labor teams, called kounbit, where farms were run by nuclear families and exchanges. This was replaced by smaller groups, called eskouad, who operated on a reciprocal basis or conducted collective labor to other peasants for a price.",1,null,"What is the historical info on the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","With industrialization, many Salonikans of all faiths became factory workers, part of a new proletariat. Given their population in the city, a large Jewish working class developed. Employers hired labor without regard for religion or ethnicity, unlike the common practice in other parts of the Ottoman Empire.  In the city, workers movements developed crossing ethnic lines; in later years, the labor movements here became marked by issues of nationalism and identity.",2,null,"How was the labor system in the Ottoman Empire developed?","The Ottoman agrarian system was based around the tapu, which involved a permanent lease of state-owned arable land to a peasant family. In Haiti there was a social system based on collective labor teams, called kounbit, where farms were run by nuclear families and exchanges. This was replaced by smaller groups, called eskouad, who operated on a reciprocal basis or conducted collective labor to other peasants for a price.",1,null,"Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","The Ottoman legal system accepted the religious law over its subjects. At the same time the Qanun (or Kanun), a secular legal system, co-existed with religious law or Sharia. The Ottoman Empire was always organized around a system of local jurisprudence. Legal administration in the Ottoman Empire was part of a larger scheme of balancing central and local authority. Ottoman power revolved crucially around the administration of the rights to land, which gave a space for the local authority to develop the needs of the local millet. The jurisdictional complexity of the Ottoman Empire was aimed to permit the integration of culturally and religiously different groups. The Ottoman system had three court systems: one for Muslims, one for non-Muslims, involving appointed Jews and Christians ruling over their respective religious communities, and the \"trade court\". The entire system was regulated from above by means of the administrative Qanun, i.e. laws, a system based upon the Turkic Yassa and Töre, which were developed in the pre-Islamic era.",0,null,58,true,"88_1_CAR_92a057e1cbe98f006a113ed77323099d59f0b289","CAR_92a057e1cbe98f006a113ed77323099d59f0b289","88_1_CAR_1c89a8711ca44b146f54b11e6de4face01bff1ee","CAR_1c89a8711ca44b146f54b11e6de4face01bff1ee","88_1_CAR_92a057e1cbe98f006a113ed77323099d59f0b289","CAR_92a057e1cbe98f006a113ed77323099d59f0b289",null,"Can I have some information on the labor systems of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_251ee5327c2bb3d671e42a703715837b9cb7fa9f","88_1_CAR_251ee5327c2bb3d671e42a703715837b9cb7fa9f","The Ottoman legal system accepted the religious law over its subjects. At the same time the Qanun (or Kanun), a secular legal system, co-existed with religious law or Sharia. The Ottoman Empire was always organized around a system of local jurisprudence. Legal administration in the Ottoman Empire was part of a larger scheme of balancing central and local authority. Ottoman power revolved crucially around the administration of the rights to land, which gave a space for the local authority to develop the needs of the local millet. The jurisdictional complexity of the Ottoman Empire was aimed to permit the integration of culturally and religiously different groups. The Ottoman system had three court systems: one for Muslims, one for non-Muslims, involving appointed Jews and Christians ruling over their respective religious communities, and the \"trade court\". The entire system was regulated from above by means of the administrative Qanun, i.e. laws, a system based upon the Turkic Yassa and Töre, which were developed in the pre-Islamic era.",0]
["What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","88_2","What contribution did slavery have to the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","Slavery was a legal and important part of the economy of the Ottoman Empire and Ottoman society until the slavery of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, although slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609. Even after several measures to ban slavery in the late 19th century, the practice continued largely unfazed into the early 20th century. As late as 1908, female slaves were still sold in the Ottoman Empire. Sexual slavery was a central part of the Ottoman slave system throughout the history of the institution.",3,null,"What was the function of slavery in the Ottoman Empire?","Slavery in the Ottoman Empire was a legal and significant part of the Ottoman Empire's economy and society. The main sources of slaves were war captives and organized enslavement expeditions in Africa and Circassia in the Caucasus. It has been reported that the selling price of slaves fell after large military operations.  Enslavement of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, while slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609.",3,null,"What role did enslaved people play in the Ottoman Empire?","Slavery in the Ottoman Empire was a legal and significant part of the Ottoman Empire's economy and society. The main sources of slaves were war captives and organized enslavement expeditions in Africa and Circassia in the Caucasus. It has been reported that the selling price of slaves fell after large military operations.  Enslavement of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, while slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609.",3,null,"What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","Slavery was a legal and important part of the economy of the Ottoman Empire and Ottoman society until the slavery of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, although slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609. Even after several measures to ban slavery in the late 19th century, the practice continued largely unfazed into the early 20th century. As late as 1908, female slaves were still sold in the Ottoman Empire. Sexual slavery was a central part of the Ottoman slave system throughout the history of the institution.",3,null,59,false,"88_2_CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","88_2_CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","88_2_CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f",null,"What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","88_2_CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","Slavery was a legal and important part of the economy of the Ottoman Empire and Ottoman society until the slavery of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, although slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609. Even after several measures to ban slavery in the late 19th century, the practice continued largely unfazed into the early 20th century. As late as 1908, female slaves were still sold in the Ottoman Empire. Sexual slavery was a central part of the Ottoman slave system throughout the history of the institution.",3]
["What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","88_2","What contribution did slavery have to the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","Slavery was a part of Ottoman society, with most slaves employed as domestic servants. Agricultural slavery, such as that which was widespread in the Americas, was relatively rare. Unlike systems of chattel slavery, slaves under Islamic law were not regarded as movable property, but maintained basic, though limited, rights. This gave them a degree of protection against abuse. Female slaves were still sold in the Empire as late as 1908. During the 19th century the Empire came under pressure from Western European countries to outlaw the practice. Policies developed by various Sultans throughout the 19th century attempted to curtail the slave trade but, since slavery did have centuries of religious backing and sanction, they never directly abolished the institution outright.",3,null,"What was the function of slavery in the Ottoman Empire?","Slavery was a part of Ottoman society, with most slaves employed as domestic servants. Agricultural slavery, such as that which was widespread in the Americas, was relatively rare. Unlike systems of chattel slavery, slaves under Islamic law were not regarded as movable property, but maintained basic, though limited, rights. This gave them a degree of protection against abuse. Female slaves were still sold in the Empire as late as 1908. During the 19th century the Empire came under pressure from Western European countries to outlaw the practice. Policies developed by various Sultans throughout the 19th century attempted to curtail the slave trade but, since slavery did have centuries of religious backing and sanction, they never directly abolished the institution outright.",3,null,"What role did enslaved people play in the Ottoman Empire?","Slavery was legal in the Ottoman Empire and there were slaves in most Ottoman lands until well after the end of the empire. Women were veiled and repressed, though the mothers of the Sultans and prospective Sultans in the Harem played an important role in deciding the future of the empire at times.",1,null,"What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","Slavery in the Ottoman Empire was a legal and significant part of the Ottoman Empire's economy and society. The main sources of slaves were war captives and organized enslavement expeditions in Africa and Circassia in the Caucasus. It has been reported that the selling price of slaves fell after large military operations.  Enslavement of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, while slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609.",3,null,59,false,"88_2_CAR_4c3d06704732280aae6957cd9eaa4198bd599905","CAR_4c3d06704732280aae6957cd9eaa4198bd599905","88_2_CAR_4c3d06704732280aae6957cd9eaa4198bd599905","CAR_4c3d06704732280aae6957cd9eaa4198bd599905","88_2_MARCO_3965960","MARCO_3965960",null,"What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","88_2_CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","Slavery in the Ottoman Empire was a legal and significant part of the Ottoman Empire's economy and society. The main sources of slaves were war captives and organized enslavement expeditions in Africa and Circassia in the Caucasus. It has been reported that the selling price of slaves fell after large military operations.  Enslavement of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, while slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609.",3]
["What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","88_2","What contribution did slavery have to the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","Slavery in the Ottoman Empire was a legal and significant part of the Ottoman Empire's economy and society. The main sources of slaves were war captives and organized enslavement expeditions in Africa and Circassia in the Caucasus. It has been reported that the selling price of slaves fell after large military operations.  Enslavement of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, while slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609.",3,null,"What was the function of slavery in the Ottoman Empire?","Slavery was a legal and important part of the economy of the Ottoman Empire and Ottoman society until the slavery of Caucasians was banned in the early 19th century, although slaves from other groups were allowed. In Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), the administrative and political center of the Empire, about a fifth of the population consisted of slaves in 1609. Even after several measures to ban slavery in the late 19th century, the practice continued largely unfazed into the early 20th century. As late as 1908, female slaves were still sold in the Ottoman Empire. Sexual slavery was a central part of the Ottoman slave system throughout the history of the institution.",3,null,"What role did enslaved people play in the Ottoman Empire?","Some young Greeks enslaved during the massacre were adopted by wealthy Ottomans and converted to Islam. Some rose to levels of prominence in the Ottoman Empire, such as Georgios Stravelakis (later renamed Mustapha Khaznadar) and Ibrahim Edhem Pasha.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","Slavery was a part of Ottoman society, with most slaves employed as domestic servants. Agricultural slavery, such as that which was widespread in the Americas, was relatively rare. Unlike systems of chattel slavery, slaves under Islamic law were not regarded as movable property, but maintained basic, though limited, rights. This gave them a degree of protection against abuse. Female slaves were still sold in the Empire as late as 1908. During the 19th century the Empire came under pressure from Western European countries to outlaw the practice. Policies developed by various Sultans throughout the 19th century attempted to curtail the slave trade but, since slavery did have centuries of religious backing and sanction, they never directly abolished the institution outright.",3,null,59,false,"88_2_CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","CAR_2be2d955549e891e36c084e2ae137f7d7774d14f","88_2_CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","CAR_d1a956a34d2855a262a5245acb6d4f5c8d6ef119","88_2_CAR_25c595d8643b390f9929458e4c56498d3ea52e78","CAR_25c595d8643b390f9929458e4c56498d3ea52e78",null,"What was the role of slavery in the labor system of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_4c3d06704732280aae6957cd9eaa4198bd599905","88_2_CAR_4c3d06704732280aae6957cd9eaa4198bd599905","Slavery was a part of Ottoman society, with most slaves employed as domestic servants. Agricultural slavery, such as that which was widespread in the Americas, was relatively rare. Unlike systems of chattel slavery, slaves under Islamic law were not regarded as movable property, but maintained basic, though limited, rights. This gave them a degree of protection against abuse. Female slaves were still sold in the Empire as late as 1908. During the 19th century the Empire came under pressure from Western European countries to outlaw the practice. Policies developed by various Sultans throughout the 19th century attempted to curtail the slave trade but, since slavery did have centuries of religious backing and sanction, they never directly abolished the institution outright.",3]
["How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","88_3","How did the Ottoman Empire's governing system develop?","The Ottoman Empire was governed by different sets of laws during its existence. The Kanun a secular legal system, co-existed with religious law or Sharia. Legal administration in the Ottoman Empire was part of a larger scheme of balancing central and local authority. Ottoman power revolved crucially around the administration of the rights to land, which gave a space for the local authority develop the needs of the local millet. The jurisdictional complexity of the Ottoman Empire was aimed to permit the integration of culturally and religiously different groups.",3,null,"How did the Ottoman Empire go about its affairs?","The Ottoman Empire's diplomatic structure was unconventional and departed in many ways from its European counterparts. Traditionally, foreign affairs were conducted by the Reis ül-Küttab (Chief Clerk or Secretary of State) who also had other duties. In 1836, a Foreign Ministry was created.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How did the Ottoman Empire work and rule?","In the Ottoman Empire, wholly different principles were at work. In its prime the Ottoman Empire was defined by its ruler, by its faith and by its military, all acting together. If we understand these forces, we can see reasons for its great successes and later for its great failures.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","The Ottoman Empire was governed by different sets of laws during its existence. The Kanun a secular legal system, co-existed with religious law or Sharia. Legal administration in the Ottoman Empire was part of a larger scheme of balancing central and local authority. Ottoman power revolved crucially around the administration of the rights to land, which gave a space for the local authority develop the needs of the local millet. The jurisdictional complexity of the Ottoman Empire was aimed to permit the integration of culturally and religiously different groups.",3,null,60,true,"88_3_CAR_485c8771ab538dca042a5426ca3bd10476993b02","CAR_485c8771ab538dca042a5426ca3bd10476993b02","88_3_CAR_f6ac6dbf01009672080c3216728f42467e488f6f","CAR_f6ac6dbf01009672080c3216728f42467e488f6f","88_3_MARCO_3337419","MARCO_3337419",null,"How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","CAR_485c8771ab538dca042a5426ca3bd10476993b02","88_3_CAR_485c8771ab538dca042a5426ca3bd10476993b02","The Ottoman Empire was governed by different sets of laws during its existence. The Kanun a secular legal system, co-existed with religious law or Sharia. Legal administration in the Ottoman Empire was part of a larger scheme of balancing central and local authority. Ottoman power revolved crucially around the administration of the rights to land, which gave a space for the local authority develop the needs of the local millet. The jurisdictional complexity of the Ottoman Empire was aimed to permit the integration of culturally and religiously different groups.",3]
["How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","88_3","How did the Ottoman Empire's governing system develop?","State organisation of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire developed over the centuries a complex organization of government with the Sultan as the supreme ruler of a centralized government that had an effective control of its provinces, officials and inhabitants. Wealth and rank could be inherited but were just as often earned. Positions were perceived as titles such as viziers and aghas. Military service was a key to advancement in the hierarchy. The expansion of the Empire called for a systematic administrative organization that de",3,null,"How did the Ottoman Empire go about its affairs?","The Ottoman Empire was a crucial part of the European states system and actively played a role in their affairs, due in part to their coterminous periods of development.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How did the Ottoman Empire work and rule?","The establishing structure (Ruling institution of the Ottoman Empire) of the Ottoman Empire (13th century) was an Islamic state in which the head of the Ottoman state was the Sultan.  The social system was organized around millet. Millet structure allowed a great degree of religious, cultural and ethnic continuity to non-Muslim populations across the subdivisions of the Ottoman Empire and at the same time it permitted their incorporation into the Ottoman administrative, economic and political system. The Ottoman-appointed governor collected taxes and provided security, while the local religious or cultural matters were left to the regional communities to decide. On the other hand, the sultans were Muslims and the laws that bound them were based on the Sharia, the body of Islamic law, as well as various cultural customs. The Sultan, beginning in 1516, was also a Caliph, the leader of all the Sunni Muslims in the world. By the turn of the 19th century the Ottoman ruling elite recognized the need to restructure the legislative, military and judiciary systems to cope with their new political rivals in Europe. When the millet system started to lose its efficiency due to the rise of nationalism within its borders, the Ottoman Empire explored new ways of governing its territory composed of diverse populations.",3,null,"How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","The Ottoman Empire developed over the centuries a complex organisation of government with the Sultan as the supreme ruler of a centralized government that had an effective control of its provinces, officials and inhabitants. Wealth and rank could be inherited but were just as often earned.",3,null,60,true,"88_3_MARCO_2050021","MARCO_2050021","88_3_CAR_8a04440e7ab14ec9574d0fca358948e2a95b2501","CAR_8a04440e7ab14ec9574d0fca358948e2a95b2501","88_3_CAR_6d42e55017b010b12be62752e0d79abb17ccec73","CAR_6d42e55017b010b12be62752e0d79abb17ccec73",null,"How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","MARCO_7149363","88_3_MARCO_7149363","The Ottoman Empire developed over the centuries a complex organisation of government with the Sultan as the supreme ruler of a centralized government that had an effective control of its provinces, officials and inhabitants. Wealth and rank could be inherited but were just as often earned.",3]
["How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","88_3","How did the Ottoman Empire's governing system develop?","The expansion of the Empire called for a systematic administrative organization that developed into a dual system of military (\"Central Government\") and civil administration (\"Provincial System\") developed a kind of separation of powers with most higher executive functions carried out by the military authorities and judicial and basic administration carried out by civil authorities.  Outside this system were various types of vassal and tributary states.  Most of the areas ruled by the Ottomans were explicitly mentioned in the official full style of the sultan, including various lofty titles adopted to emphasize imperial rank and show the empire as being \"successor-in-law\" to conquered states.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"How did the Ottoman Empire go about its affairs?","Before the establishment of the Turkish Republic, foreign affairs were handled by the 'Reis-ül Küttap' (Head Secretary) of the Ottoman Empire until the 19th century. In 1836, the Head Secretariat was upgraded to a Ministry and became the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Ottoman Empire, with the last Reis-ül Küttap, Yozgatlı Akif Efendi, becoming the first minister responsible.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How did the Ottoman Empire work and rule?","The Ottoman Empire's sovereignty was embodied in the dynasty of Osman I, who was its founder and namesake. His family had ruled since 1299 in an unbroken lineage throughout the empire's history. The Ottoman dynasty (as Sultan) maintained supreme authority over the Ottoman Empire's polity. The sultan was the empire's sole and absolute regent, head of state and head of government. The Grand Viziers and polity established by the Ottoman Constitution functioned at the pleasure of the Sultan.",4,null,"How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","State organisation of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire developed over the centuries a complex organization of government with the Sultan as the supreme ruler of a centralized government that had an effective control of its provinces, officials and inhabitants. Wealth and rank could be inherited but were just as often earned. Positions were perceived as titles such as viziers and aghas. Military service was a key to advancement in the hierarchy. The expansion of the Empire called for a systematic administrative organization that de",3,null,60,true,"88_3_CAR_1e2c118a512b28bee73beefb438a8567545ad504","CAR_1e2c118a512b28bee73beefb438a8567545ad504","88_3_CAR_c9dc6393418bd60a916fa059810958f6693cba61","CAR_c9dc6393418bd60a916fa059810958f6693cba61","88_3_CAR_13722610770a00b90b859bb39d882a66cf5feef8","CAR_13722610770a00b90b859bb39d882a66cf5feef8",null,"How did the Ottoman Empire govern?","MARCO_2050021","88_3_MARCO_2050021","State organisation of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire developed over the centuries a complex organization of government with the Sultan as the supreme ruler of a centralized government that had an effective control of its provinces, officials and inhabitants. Wealth and rank could be inherited but were just as often earned. Positions were perceived as titles such as viziers and aghas. Military service was a key to advancement in the hierarchy. The expansion of the Empire called for a systematic administrative organization that de",3]
["Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","88_4","Was the Ottoman Empire important for civilization and population?","Population Certificate was an important paper to hold for the subject of the Ottoman Empire. During census each person recorded and counted in return with a signed and sealed Population Certificate (Nufus Tezkeresi), more or less a receipt for the registration, which contained the same information set down in the register.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the significance of the Ottoman Empire?","By the start of the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire was the most economically backward and militarily weak of the great powers. But its territory, even after its continuous retreats, remained vast and strategic: it encompassed the Balkans, Anatolia, and all the Arab lands from Persia to Morocco. The latter were seen by London as having crucial geo-strategic significance, as they constituted the link between the Mediterranean and Britain's empire in India.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What were the factors that made the Ottoman Empire important?","The Ottoman Turks would be the dominant empire in the Middle East until 1923 when the dynasty could not recover from the defeat of World War I. There were a number of factors that contributed to the success of the Ottoman Empire. The rise of the Ottoman Empire coincided with the fall of another powerful player in the region. The Byzantine Empire was in serious decline due to weak leadership and the lasting effects of the Crusaders from Western Europe.",2,null,"Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","During the Ottoman Empire, it played an important role due to its strategic location on the crossroads between the Arabian Peninsula, Egypt and Greater Syria.",0,null,61,false,"88_4_CAR_4d35667f0e7ad629296f079b40e55201a07884ee","CAR_4d35667f0e7ad629296f079b40e55201a07884ee","88_4_CAR_fd5839f2af4072ee85edb549f18aeb9fbd77c5f3","CAR_fd5839f2af4072ee85edb549f18aeb9fbd77c5f3","88_4_MARCO_8195567","MARCO_8195567",null,"Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","CAR_de3da208f1ebec2a56dfdfbfc29ea1c63f66e3ff","88_4_CAR_de3da208f1ebec2a56dfdfbfc29ea1c63f66e3ff","During the Ottoman Empire, it played an important role due to its strategic location on the crossroads between the Arabian Peninsula, Egypt and Greater Syria.",0]
["Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","88_4","Was the Ottoman Empire important for civilization and population?","The Ottoman Empire lasted for over six hundred years (1299–1923) and encompassed what is modern-day Turkey, the Balkans and the Fertile Crescent. Thus the Ottoman Empire would be home to an extremely diverse population ranging from the Muslim majority to the minority population, specifically Christians and Jews who were referred to as the People of the Book.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the significance of the Ottoman Empire?","During it's 600 year reign, the Ottoman Empire made significant advances in science and technology, in a wide range of fields including mathematics, astronomy and medicine.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What were the factors that made the Ottoman Empire important?","Of particular importance for Ottoman success was their ability to keep the empire intact from generation to generation. While other Turkic groups frequently divided their realms between the sons of a deceased ruler, the Ottomans consistently kept the empire united under a single heir.",0,null,"Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","Of particular importance for Ottoman success was their ability to keep the empire intact from generation to generation. While other Turkic groups frequently divided their realms between the sons of a deceased ruler, the Ottomans consistently kept the empire united under a single heir.",0,null,61,false,"88_4_CAR_efb2ebd3aeb5750ab26706c289aa75fdbe3252eb","CAR_efb2ebd3aeb5750ab26706c289aa75fdbe3252eb","88_4_CAR_b1041e311bae50b680a1ea90affc309d250f2fd0","CAR_b1041e311bae50b680a1ea90affc309d250f2fd0","88_4_CAR_12cb270179434787e549b0f593b61761a4aac637","CAR_12cb270179434787e549b0f593b61761a4aac637",null,"Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","CAR_12cb270179434787e549b0f593b61761a4aac637","88_4_CAR_12cb270179434787e549b0f593b61761a4aac637","Of particular importance for Ottoman success was their ability to keep the empire intact from generation to generation. While other Turkic groups frequently divided their realms between the sons of a deceased ruler, the Ottomans consistently kept the empire united under a single heir.",0]
["Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","88_4","Was the Ottoman Empire important for civilization and population?","Iorga's writings insisted on the importance of Byzantine Greek and Levantine influences in the two countries after the fall of Constantinople: his notion of \"Byzantium after Byzantium\" postulated that the cultural forms produced by the Byzantine Empire had been preserved by the Principalities under Ottoman suzerainty (roughly, between the 16th and 18th centuries). Additionally, the Romanian scholar described the Ottoman Empire itself as the inheritor of Byzantine government, legal culture and civilization, up to the Age of Revolution. However, the Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches postulated that the Ottoman decline was irreversible, citing uncompromising Islam as one of the causes, and playing down the cohesive action of Ottomanism.",1,null,"What is the significance of the Ottoman Empire?","The Ottoman Empire (1299–1922) is a historical Muslim empire, also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey after the principal ethnic group. At its zenith in the second half of the 16th century it controlled Southeast Europe, Southwest Asia and North Africa. Below are the links to articles about the Ottoman Empire.",2,null,"What were the factors that made the Ottoman Empire important?","During the Ottoman Empire, it played an important role due to its strategic location on the crossroads between the Arabian Peninsula, Egypt and Greater Syria.",0,null,"Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","The Ottoman Empire was one of the greatest empires in world history, both in size and duration. The Ottoman Empire grew up in Anatolia (in modern Turkey) during the 13th and 14th centuries, and spread throughout south-western Europe, much of the Middle East and North Africa during the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries.Its extent, duration and impact made it one of the greatest empires in world history.he Ottoman Empire was one of the greatest empires in world history, both in size and duration. The Ottoman Empire grew up in Anatolia (in modern Turkey) during the 13th and 14th centuries, and spread throughout south-western Europe, much of the Middle East and North Africa during the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries.",3,null,61,false,"88_4_CAR_85de6d6e4c371bcb24352889592131baf298811c","CAR_85de6d6e4c371bcb24352889592131baf298811c","88_4_CAR_e283d2f90e801e135011df63e894f8cb880e84c1","CAR_e283d2f90e801e135011df63e894f8cb880e84c1","88_4_CAR_de3da208f1ebec2a56dfdfbfc29ea1c63f66e3ff","CAR_de3da208f1ebec2a56dfdfbfc29ea1c63f66e3ff",null,"Why was the Ottoman Empire important?","MARCO_6462065","88_4_MARCO_6462065","The Ottoman Empire was one of the greatest empires in world history, both in size and duration. The Ottoman Empire grew up in Anatolia (in modern Turkey) during the 13th and 14th centuries, and spread throughout south-western Europe, much of the Middle East and North Africa during the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries.Its extent, duration and impact made it one of the greatest empires in world history.he Ottoman Empire was one of the greatest empires in world history, both in size and duration. The Ottoman Empire grew up in Anatolia (in modern Turkey) during the 13th and 14th centuries, and spread throughout south-western Europe, much of the Middle East and North Africa during the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries.",3]
["What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","88_5","How were society and culture in Ottoman Empire?","Ottoman culture evolved over several centuries as the ruling administration of the Turks absorbed, adapted and modified the cultures of conquered lands and their peoples. There was a strong influence from the customs and languages of Islamic societies, Turkish \"the official language for the Empire, notably Arabic because of the origins of Islam, while Persian culture had a significant contribution through the heavily Persianized Seljuq Turks, the Ottomans' predecessors. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire.\" Throughout its history, the Ottoman Empire had substantial subject populations of Byzantine Greeks, Armenians, Jews and Assyrians, who were allowed a certain amount of autonomy under the confessional millet system of Ottoman government, and whose distinctive cultures enriched that of the Ottoman state.",3,null,"Can you describe the Ottoman Empire civilization?","Iorga's writings insisted on the importance of Byzantine Greek and Levantine influences in the two countries after the fall of Constantinople: his notion of \"Byzantium after Byzantium\" postulated that the cultural forms produced by the Byzantine Empire had been preserved by the Principalities under Ottoman suzerainty (roughly, between the 16th and 18th centuries). Additionally, the Romanian scholar described the Ottoman Empire itself as the inheritor of Byzantine government, legal culture and civilization, up to the Age of Revolution. However, the Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches postulated that the Ottoman decline was irreversible, citing uncompromising Islam as one of the causes, and playing down the cohesive action of Ottomanism.",0,null,"What was society like during Ottoman Empire?","Guilds were a major part of an economy that was very state dominated like the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman dynasty, especially along its seaboards and borderlands opportunities of commerce tended to diversify economies and put together sundry people and ideas. The Ottoman society was extremely mixed main due to conquest and immigration; therefore there was a vast number of religion and Jews were very much included. The Ottoman society was a spiritual economy but not as much as Europe. This was mainly because the Ottoman Empire was mixed religiously meaning there were many different religions mixed within guilds.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","Ottoman culture evolved over several centuries as the ruling administration of the Turks absorbed, adapted and modified the cultures of conquered lands and their peoples. There was a strong influence from the customs and languages of Islamic societies, Turkish \"the official language for the Empire, notably Arabic because of the origins of Islam, while Persian culture had a significant contribution through the heavily Persianized Seljuq Turks, the Ottomans' predecessors. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire.\" Throughout its history, the Ottoman Empire had substantial subject populations of Byzantine Greeks, Armenians, Jews and Assyrians, who were allowed a certain amount of autonomy under the confessional millet system of Ottoman government, and whose distinctive cultures enriched that of the Ottoman state.",3,null,62,true,"88_5_CAR_c3e750ac79654de5a4a3aee67e05a031da8f103f","CAR_c3e750ac79654de5a4a3aee67e05a031da8f103f","88_5_CAR_85de6d6e4c371bcb24352889592131baf298811c","CAR_85de6d6e4c371bcb24352889592131baf298811c","88_5_CAR_9ef31f5c22ef0783b5c9ae351d3f662727ff8382","CAR_9ef31f5c22ef0783b5c9ae351d3f662727ff8382",null,"What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_c3e750ac79654de5a4a3aee67e05a031da8f103f","88_5_CAR_c3e750ac79654de5a4a3aee67e05a031da8f103f","Ottoman culture evolved over several centuries as the ruling administration of the Turks absorbed, adapted and modified the cultures of conquered lands and their peoples. There was a strong influence from the customs and languages of Islamic societies, Turkish \"the official language for the Empire, notably Arabic because of the origins of Islam, while Persian culture had a significant contribution through the heavily Persianized Seljuq Turks, the Ottomans' predecessors. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire.\" Throughout its history, the Ottoman Empire had substantial subject populations of Byzantine Greeks, Armenians, Jews and Assyrians, who were allowed a certain amount of autonomy under the confessional millet system of Ottoman government, and whose distinctive cultures enriched that of the Ottoman state.",3]
["What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","88_5","How were society and culture in Ottoman Empire?","Focusing on the Ottoman Empire, Mardin develops many hypotheses about the societal structure of Ottomans. For instance, he argues that in the Ottoman Empire, there was no 'civil society' in the Hegelian terms that could operate independently of central government and was based on property rights. Therefore, the lack of civil society led to a difference in the social evolution and political culture in Ottoman society in contrast to Western societies. Mardin applies the terms center and periphery to the Ottoman society, and reaches the conclusion that the society consisted of city dwellers, including the Sultan and his officials and nomads. The center included city dwellers, and the periphery nomads. The integration of center and periphery was not achieved. These two societal characteristics, namely the existence of center and periphery, and the lack of successful integration of them, also existed in the modern Turkish society and remained to be the major duality in Turkey. Mardin also emphasized the importance of Jon Turks' thought, addressing the attention of the English-speaking world. He analysed the thought of Said Nursi, who was part of this movement in the early years of his life.",1,null,"Can you describe the Ottoman Empire civilization?","Ottoman culture evolved over several centuries as the ruling administration of the Turks absorbed, adapted and modified the cultures of conquered lands and their peoples. There was a strong influence from the customs and languages of Islamic societies, Turkish \"the official language for the Empire, notably Arabic because of the origins of Islam, while Persian culture had a significant contribution through the heavily Persianized Seljuq Turks, the Ottomans' predecessors. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire.\" Throughout its history, the Ottoman Empire had substantial subject populations of Byzantine Greeks, Armenians, Jews and Assyrians, who were allowed a certain amount of autonomy under the confessional millet system of Ottoman government, and whose distinctive cultures enriched that of the Ottoman state.",3,null,"What was society like during Ottoman Empire?","Focusing on the Ottoman Empire, Mardin develops many hypotheses about the societal structure of Ottomans. For instance, he argues that in the Ottoman Empire, there was no 'civil society' in the Hegelian terms that could operate independently of central government and was based on property rights. Therefore, the lack of civil society led to a difference in the social evolution and political culture in Ottoman society in contrast to Western societies. Mardin applies the terms center and periphery to the Ottoman society, and reaches the conclusion that the society consisted of city dwellers, including the Sultan and his officials and nomads. The center included city dwellers, and the periphery nomads. The integration of center and periphery was not achieved. These two societal characteristics, namely the existence of center and periphery, and the lack of successful integration of them, also existed in the modern Turkish society and remained to be the major duality in Turkey. Mardin also emphasized the importance of Jon Turks' thought, addressing the attention of the English-speaking world. He analysed the thought of Said Nursi, who was part of this movement in the early years of his life.",1,null,"What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","The Ottomans absorbed some of the traditions, art and institutions of cultures in the regions they conquered, and added new dimensions to them. Numerous traditions and cultural traits of previous empires (in fields such as architecture, cuisine, music, leisure and government) were adopted by the Ottoman Turks, who elaborated them into new forms, which resulted in a new and distinctively Ottoman cultural identity. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire. Intercultural marriages also played their part in creating the characteristic Ottoman elite culture. When compared to the Turkish folk culture, the influence of these new cultures in creating the culture of the Ottoman elite was clear.",3,null,62,true,"88_5_CAR_4c34356209530c13cc1da01f7173aff52cdf46ed","CAR_4c34356209530c13cc1da01f7173aff52cdf46ed","88_5_CAR_c3e750ac79654de5a4a3aee67e05a031da8f103f","CAR_c3e750ac79654de5a4a3aee67e05a031da8f103f","88_5_CAR_4c34356209530c13cc1da01f7173aff52cdf46ed","CAR_4c34356209530c13cc1da01f7173aff52cdf46ed",null,"What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_3055ee52d4294bd94d0ba809a4ea3b7d7c414f97","88_5_CAR_3055ee52d4294bd94d0ba809a4ea3b7d7c414f97","The Ottomans absorbed some of the traditions, art and institutions of cultures in the regions they conquered, and added new dimensions to them. Numerous traditions and cultural traits of previous empires (in fields such as architecture, cuisine, music, leisure and government) were adopted by the Ottoman Turks, who elaborated them into new forms, which resulted in a new and distinctively Ottoman cultural identity. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire. Intercultural marriages also played their part in creating the characteristic Ottoman elite culture. When compared to the Turkish folk culture, the influence of these new cultures in creating the culture of the Ottoman elite was clear.",3]
["What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","88_5","How were society and culture in Ottoman Empire?","The Ottomans absorbed some of the traditions, art and institutions of cultures in the regions they conquered, and added new dimensions to them. Numerous traditions and cultural traits of previous empires (in fields such as architecture, cuisine, music, leisure and government) were adopted by the Ottoman Turks, who elaborated them into new forms, which resulted in a new and distinctively Ottoman cultural identity. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire. Intercultural marriages also played their part in creating the characteristic Ottoman elite culture. When compared to the Turkish folk culture, the influence of these new cultures in creating the culture of the Ottoman elite was clear.",3,null,"Can you describe the Ottoman Empire civilization?","From the time of the Persian Empire and Alexander the Great, to the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in the 20th century A.D., the Intermediate Region has been covered by an ecumenical empire that had common civilizational characteristics, despite the fact that it passed into the hands successively from the Persians, to the Greeks, to the Romans, the Byzantines and, finally, the Ottomans. This common civilization of the Intermediate Region, called since the time of Jesus, Roman, bore the characteristics, since the 11th century A.D. and for the last thousand years, of Greek and Turkish cultures. The Ecumenicity of the Empire was hellenoturkism.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What was society like during Ottoman Empire?","The truth is far from this, however. Throughout its history from the 1300s to the early 1900s, the Ottoman Empire was a strongly Muslim state at its core. Islamic law and ideas formed the basis of society, law, and government. Ottoman sultans saw themselves as the protectors of the Muslim world.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","Ottoman court or the culture that evolved around the court of the Ottoman Empire was known as the \"Ottoman Way\". To get a high position in the empire, one must be skilled in the Way. It included both knowing Persian, Arabic and Ottoman Turkish and how to behave in court, in front of the sultan, and in formal and religious occasions.",2,null,62,true,"88_5_CAR_3055ee52d4294bd94d0ba809a4ea3b7d7c414f97","CAR_3055ee52d4294bd94d0ba809a4ea3b7d7c414f97","88_5_CAR_994a9b05b7c279769954b0465d3340fcdd413f04","CAR_994a9b05b7c279769954b0465d3340fcdd413f04","88_5_MARCO_6589617","MARCO_6589617",null,"What was the culture like in the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_c156f6382d2492652218f717915fd718737b0615","88_5_CAR_c156f6382d2492652218f717915fd718737b0615","Ottoman court or the culture that evolved around the court of the Ottoman Empire was known as the \"Ottoman Way\". To get a high position in the empire, one must be skilled in the Way. It included both knowing Persian, Arabic and Ottoman Turkish and how to behave in court, in front of the sultan, and in formal and religious occasions.",2]
["What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","88_6","Was the tradition of storytelling significant in the Ottoman Empire?","Nevertheless, there was a long tradition of prose in the Ottoman Empire. This tradition was, for centuries, exclusively nonfictional in nature—the fiction tradition was limited to narrative poetry. A number of such nonfictional prose genres developed:",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What part did storytellers play in the cultural history of the Ottoman Empire?","Furthermore, several Bosnian Muslims played influential roles in the Ottoman Empire's cultural and political history during this time. Bosnian recruits formed a large component of the Ottoman ranks in the battles of Mohács and Krbava field, while numerous other Bosnians rose through the ranks of the Ottoman military to occupy the highest positions of power in the Empire, including admirals such as Matrakçı Nasuh; generals such as Isa-Beg Isaković, Gazi Husrev-beg and Hasan Predojević and Sarı Süleyman Paşa; administrators such as Ferhat-paša Sokolović and Osman Gradaščević; and Grand Viziers such as the influential Mehmed Paša Sokolović and Damad Ibrahim Pasha. Some Bosnians emerged as Sufi mystics, scholars such as Muhamed Hevaji Uskufi Bosnevi, Ali Džabič; and poets in the Turkish, Albanian, Arabic, and Persian languages.",0,null,"Were storytellers a major part of Ottoman Empire culture?","Tešan Podrugović () (Kazanci, Gacko, Herzegovina, Ottoman Empire 1775 — Sremski Karlovci, Austrian Empire 1815) was Serbian hayduk, storyteller and gusle player () who participated in the First Serbian Uprising and Second Serbian Uprising. He was one of the most important sources for Serbian epic poetry recorded by Vuk Karadžić. Podrugović did not sing but used to 'speak' his poems; he understood and felt the poems and thought about what he said.",1,null,"What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","In Greek-inhabited territory itself, Greeks came to play a leading role in the Ottoman Empire, due in part to the fact that the central hub of the empire, politically, culturally, and socially, was based on Western Thrace and Greek Macedonia, both in Northern Greece, and of course was centred on the mainly Greek-populated, former Byzantine capital, Constantinople.",0,null,63,false,"88_6_CAR_7c2b4ce7a897c9ba94c07f9f63e795bea5f7a6d7","CAR_7c2b4ce7a897c9ba94c07f9f63e795bea5f7a6d7","88_6_CAR_d48d7f10e10d5096def75553f6c3a4cfeef97712","CAR_d48d7f10e10d5096def75553f6c3a4cfeef97712","88_6_CAR_1ceac7629fd3c442d77ca367a1a74655e87df1b3","CAR_1ceac7629fd3c442d77ca367a1a74655e87df1b3",null,"What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","MARCO_1216289","88_6_MARCO_1216289","In Greek-inhabited territory itself, Greeks came to play a leading role in the Ottoman Empire, due in part to the fact that the central hub of the empire, politically, culturally, and socially, was based on Western Thrace and Greek Macedonia, both in Northern Greece, and of course was centred on the mainly Greek-populated, former Byzantine capital, Constantinople.",0]
["What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","88_6","Was the tradition of storytelling significant in the Ottoman Empire?","When the Ottoman Empire arose in northwestern Anatolia, it continued this tradition. The most common poetic forms of the Ottoman court, for instance, were derived either directly from the Persian literary tradition (the gazel; the mesnevî), or indirectly through Persian from the Arabic (the kasîde). However, the decision to adopt these poetic forms wholesale led to two important further consequences:",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What part did storytellers play in the cultural history of the Ottoman Empire?","The Ottomans absorbed some of the traditions, art and institutions of cultures in the regions they conquered, and added new dimensions to them. Numerous traditions and cultural traits of previous empires (in fields such as architecture, cuisine, music, leisure and government) were adopted by the Ottoman Turks, who elaborated them into new forms, which resulted in a new and distinctively Ottoman cultural identity. Despite newer added amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire, were thoroughly Persianised in their culture, language, habits and customs, and therefore, the empire has been described as a Persianate empire. Intercultural marriages also played their part in creating the characteristic Ottoman elite culture. When compared to the Turkish folk culture, the influence of these new cultures in creating the culture of the Ottoman elite was clear.",0,null,"Were storytellers a major part of Ottoman Empire culture?","The traditional shadow play called Karagöz and Hacivat was widespread throughout the Ottoman Empire and featured characters representing all of the major ethnic and social groups in that culture. It was performed by a single puppet master, who voiced all of the characters, and accompanied by tambourine (def). Its origins are obscure, deriving perhaps from an older Egyptian tradition, or possibly from an Asian source.",0,null,"What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","Storytelling can take a central role in any culture built on moral example, particularly when the provider of the moral example does not refer to an explicit ethical theory or philosophy as the basis for his behavior. A complex culture built on such stories can fall prey to a clique of experts who interpret them for the lay public.  This has led in the past to institutions that sort through anecdotes to decide which of them are true, e.g. isnad in Islam by which the hadith are validated.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,63,false,"88_6_CAR_067113fb55a037491d1b0300657362e6ea498608","CAR_067113fb55a037491d1b0300657362e6ea498608","88_6_CAR_3055ee52d4294bd94d0ba809a4ea3b7d7c414f97","CAR_3055ee52d4294bd94d0ba809a4ea3b7d7c414f97","88_6_CAR_c5e64b5a1a9d86293c43ced2c85f4c90f0c34f4f","CAR_c5e64b5a1a9d86293c43ced2c85f4c90f0c34f4f",null,"What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_f837b70a6c4a9ccac63eb73d7d761c3279febd51","88_6_CAR_f837b70a6c4a9ccac63eb73d7d761c3279febd51","Storytelling can take a central role in any culture built on moral example, particularly when the provider of the moral example does not refer to an explicit ethical theory or philosophy as the basis for his behavior. A complex culture built on such stories can fall prey to a clique of experts who interpret them for the lay public.  This has led in the past to institutions that sort through anecdotes to decide which of them are true, e.g. isnad in Islam by which the hadith are validated.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","88_6","Was the tradition of storytelling significant in the Ottoman Empire?","Beginning with the victory of the Seljuks at the Battle of Manzikert in the late 11th century, the Oghuz Turks began to settle in Anatolia, and in addition to the earlier oral traditions there arose a written literary tradition issuing largely—in terms of themes, genres, and styles—from Arabic and Persian literature. For the next 900 years, until shortly before the fall of the Ottoman Empire in 1922, the oral and written traditions would remain largely separate from one another. With the founding of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, the two traditions came together for the first time.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What part did storytellers play in the cultural history of the Ottoman Empire?","Following the Fall of Constantinople on 29 May 1453, many Greeks sought better employment and education opportunities by leaving for the West, particularly Italy, Central Europe, Germany and Russia. Greeks are greatly credited for the European cultural revolution, later called, the Renaissance. In Greek-inhabited territory itself, Greeks came to play a leading role in the Ottoman Empire, due in part to the fact that the central hub of the empire, politically, culturally, and socially, was based on Western Thrace and Greek Macedonia, both in Northern Greece, and of course was centred on the mainly Greek-populated, former Byzantine capital, Constantinople. As a direct consequence of this situation, Greek-speakers came to play a hugely important role in the Ottoman trading and diplomatic establishment, as well as in the church. Added to this, in the first half of the Ottoman period men of Greek origin made up a significant proportion of the Ottoman army, navy, and state bureaucracy, having been levied as adolescents (along with especially Albanians and Serbs) into Ottoman service through the devshirme. Many Ottomans of Greek (or Albanian or Serb) origin were therefore to be found within the Ottoman forces which governed the provinces, from Ottoman Egypt, to Ottomans occupied Yemen and Algeria, frequently as provincial governors.",0,null,"Were storytellers a major part of Ottoman Empire culture?","The Turkish tradition of shadow play called Karagöz and Hacivat was widespread throughout the Ottoman Empire and featured characters representing all of the major ethnic and social groups in that culture. It was performed by a single puppet master, who voiced all of the characters, and accompanied by tambourine (def). Its origins are obscure, though probably deriving from an Asian source.",0,null,"What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","Following the Fall of Constantinople on 29 May 1453, many Greeks sought better employment and education opportunities by leaving for the West, particularly Italy, Central Europe, Germany and Russia. Greeks are greatly credited for the European cultural revolution, later called, the Renaissance. In Greek-inhabited territory itself, Greeks came to play a leading role in the Ottoman Empire, due in part to the fact that the central hub of the empire, politically, culturally, and socially, was based on Western Thrace and Greek Macedonia, both in Northern Greece, and of course was centred on the mainly Greek-populated, former Byzantine capital, Constantinople. As a direct consequence of this situation, Greek-speakers came to play a hugely important role in the Ottoman trading and diplomatic establishment, as well as in the church. Added to this, in the first half of the Ottoman period men of Greek origin made up a significant proportion of the Ottoman army, navy, and state bureaucracy, having been levied as adolescents (along with especially Albanians and Serbs) into Ottoman service through the devshirme. Many Ottomans of Greek (or Albanian or Serb) origin were therefore to be found within the Ottoman forces which governed the provinces, from Ottoman Egypt, to Ottomans occupied Yemen and Algeria, frequently as provincial governors.",0,null,63,false,"88_6_CAR_d019765a1ce2f7b5203c2975c1fa4f8c3062755c","CAR_d019765a1ce2f7b5203c2975c1fa4f8c3062755c","88_6_CAR_d85075a43a7bfe47f480734b00a15bbac399f350","CAR_d85075a43a7bfe47f480734b00a15bbac399f350","88_6_CAR_1d40d75f7dfda3a8355cac5fe1847f84a92ba3e3","CAR_1d40d75f7dfda3a8355cac5fe1847f84a92ba3e3",null,"What was the role of storytellers in the culture of the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_d85075a43a7bfe47f480734b00a15bbac399f350","88_6_CAR_d85075a43a7bfe47f480734b00a15bbac399f350","Following the Fall of Constantinople on 29 May 1453, many Greeks sought better employment and education opportunities by leaving for the West, particularly Italy, Central Europe, Germany and Russia. Greeks are greatly credited for the European cultural revolution, later called, the Renaissance. In Greek-inhabited territory itself, Greeks came to play a leading role in the Ottoman Empire, due in part to the fact that the central hub of the empire, politically, culturally, and socially, was based on Western Thrace and Greek Macedonia, both in Northern Greece, and of course was centred on the mainly Greek-populated, former Byzantine capital, Constantinople. As a direct consequence of this situation, Greek-speakers came to play a hugely important role in the Ottoman trading and diplomatic establishment, as well as in the church. Added to this, in the first half of the Ottoman period men of Greek origin made up a significant proportion of the Ottoman army, navy, and state bureaucracy, having been levied as adolescents (along with especially Albanians and Serbs) into Ottoman service through the devshirme. Many Ottomans of Greek (or Albanian or Serb) origin were therefore to be found within the Ottoman forces which governed the provinces, from Ottoman Egypt, to Ottomans occupied Yemen and Algeria, frequently as provincial governors.",0]
["What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","88_7","What were the most famous meddah stories of the ottoman empire?","Meddahs were generally traveling artists whose route took them from one large city to another, such along the towns of the spice road; the tradition supposedly goes back to Homer's time. The methods of meddahs were the same as the methods of the itinerant storytellers who related Greek epics such as the Iliad and Odyssey, even though the main stories were now Ferhat ile Şirin or Layla and Majnun. The repertoires of the meddahs also included true stories, modified depending on the audience, artist and political situation.",2,null,"What were some of the most prominent stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","Meddahs were generally traveling artists whose route took them from one large city to another, such along the towns of the spice road; the tradition supposedly goes back to Homer's time. The methods of meddahs were the same as the methods of the itinerant storytellers who related Greek epics such as the Iliad and Odyssey, even though the main stories were now Ferhat ile Şirin or Layla and Majnun. The repertoires of the meddahs also included true stories, modified depending on the audience, artist and political situation.",2,null,"What were some of the best-known meddah stories in the Ottoman Empire?","Meddahs were generally traveling artists whose route took them from one large city to another, such along the towns of the spice road; the tradition supposedly goes back to Homer's time. The methods of meddahs were the same as the methods of the itinerant storytellers who related Greek epics such as the Iliad and Odyssey, even though the main stories were now Ferhat ile Şirin or Layla and Majnun. The repertoires of the meddahs also included true stories, modified depending on the audience, artist and political situation.",2,null,"What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","The tradition of kıssahan continued into the Ottoman period, as evidenced by the documentation of a kıssahan working in the royal palace named Mustafa during the reign of Mehmed II. In time, all story-tellers became known as meddah and their stories became more and more secular. They began to imitate animals and make innuendos to attract the attention of the audiences. According to a scholar, this occurred \"when the Mohammeddan clergy forbade any reference to the saints in the plays\". As such, the performances by the meddah became theatrical acts based on satire: their themes included heroic tales as well as occurrences of daily life; humorous anecdotes, mimicry of stereotypes and familiar people, \"mockery of social mores\" and criticism of officials, at times even the sultan, became the quintessence of their plays.",1,null,64,true,"88_7_CAR_bfd21636ee442306e30e8669f541f5b3edce09a5","CAR_bfd21636ee442306e30e8669f541f5b3edce09a5","88_7_CAR_bfd21636ee442306e30e8669f541f5b3edce09a5","CAR_bfd21636ee442306e30e8669f541f5b3edce09a5","88_7_CAR_bfd21636ee442306e30e8669f541f5b3edce09a5","CAR_bfd21636ee442306e30e8669f541f5b3edce09a5",null,"What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_0c904ace5b0b5753e4917c42c797f7b17e4d93aa","88_7_CAR_0c904ace5b0b5753e4917c42c797f7b17e4d93aa","The tradition of kıssahan continued into the Ottoman period, as evidenced by the documentation of a kıssahan working in the royal palace named Mustafa during the reign of Mehmed II. In time, all story-tellers became known as meddah and their stories became more and more secular. They began to imitate animals and make innuendos to attract the attention of the audiences. According to a scholar, this occurred \"when the Mohammeddan clergy forbade any reference to the saints in the plays\". As such, the performances by the meddah became theatrical acts based on satire: their themes included heroic tales as well as occurrences of daily life; humorous anecdotes, mimicry of stereotypes and familiar people, \"mockery of social mores\" and criticism of officials, at times even the sultan, became the quintessence of their plays.",1]
["What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","88_7","What were the most famous meddah stories of the ottoman empire?","The tradition of kıssahan continued into the Ottoman period, as evidenced by the documentation of a kıssahan working in the royal palace named Mustafa during the reign of Mehmed II. In time, all story-tellers became known as meddah and their stories became more and more secular. They began to imitate animals and make innuendos to attract the attention of the audiences. According to a scholar, this occurred \"when the Mohammeddan clergy forbade any reference to the saints in the plays\". As such, the performances by the meddah became theatrical acts based on satire: their themes included heroic tales as well as occurrences of daily life; humorous anecdotes, mimicry of stereotypes and familiar people, \"mockery of social mores\" and criticism of officials, at times even the sultan, became the quintessence of their plays.",1,null,"What were some of the most prominent stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","The tradition of kıssahan continued into the Ottoman period, as evidenced by the documentation of a kıssahan working in the royal palace named Mustafa during the reign of Mehmed II. In time, all story-tellers became known as meddah and their stories became more and more secular. They began to imitate animals and make innuendos to attract the attention of the audiences. According to a scholar, this occurred \"when the Mohammeddan clergy forbade any reference to the saints in the plays\". As such, the performances by the meddah became theatrical acts based on satire: their themes included heroic tales as well as occurrences of daily life; humorous anecdotes, mimicry of stereotypes and familiar people, \"mockery of social mores\" and criticism of officials, at times even the sultan, became the quintessence of their plays.",1,null,"What were some of the best-known meddah stories in the Ottoman Empire?","The tradition of kıssahan continued into the Ottoman period, as evidenced by the documentation of a kıssahan working in the royal palace named Mustafa during the reign of Mehmed II. In time, all story-tellers became known as meddah and their stories became more and more secular. They began to imitate animals and make innuendos to attract the attention of the audiences. According to a scholar, this occurred \"when the Mohammeddan clergy forbade any reference to the saints in the plays\". As such, the performances by the meddah became theatrical acts based on satire: their themes included heroic tales as well as occurrences of daily life; humorous anecdotes, mimicry of stereotypes and familiar people, \"mockery of social mores\" and criticism of officials, at times even the sultan, became the quintessence of their plays.",1,null,"What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","Meddah is the name given to a traditional Turkish story teller, who played in front of a small group of viewers, such as a coffeehouse audience. This form of performance was especially popular in the Ottoman Empire from the 16th century onwards. The play was generally about a single topic, the meddah playing different characters, and was usually introduced by drawing attention to the moral contained in the story. The meddah would use props such as an umbrella, a handkerchief, or different headwear, to signal a change of character, and was skilled at manipulating his voice and imitating different dialects. There was no time limitation on the shows; a good meddah had the skill to adjust the story depending on interaction with the audience.",1,null,64,true,"88_7_CAR_0c904ace5b0b5753e4917c42c797f7b17e4d93aa","CAR_0c904ace5b0b5753e4917c42c797f7b17e4d93aa","88_7_CAR_0c904ace5b0b5753e4917c42c797f7b17e4d93aa","CAR_0c904ace5b0b5753e4917c42c797f7b17e4d93aa","88_7_CAR_0c904ace5b0b5753e4917c42c797f7b17e4d93aa","CAR_0c904ace5b0b5753e4917c42c797f7b17e4d93aa",null,"What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_4f48e3253dde08e82041199358a6b9cd2da099ea","88_7_CAR_4f48e3253dde08e82041199358a6b9cd2da099ea","Meddah is the name given to a traditional Turkish story teller, who played in front of a small group of viewers, such as a coffeehouse audience. This form of performance was especially popular in the Ottoman Empire from the 16th century onwards. The play was generally about a single topic, the meddah playing different characters, and was usually introduced by drawing attention to the moral contained in the story. The meddah would use props such as an umbrella, a handkerchief, or different headwear, to signal a change of character, and was skilled at manipulating his voice and imitating different dialects. There was no time limitation on the shows; a good meddah had the skill to adjust the story depending on interaction with the audience.",1]
["What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","88_7","What were the most famous meddah stories of the ottoman empire?","The meddah originally started as the narrators of religious and heroic tales, having its roots in the tradition of Turkish oral literature. Whilst strongly based on Turkish nomadic and shamanist traditions brought from Central Asia rather than external influences, Turkish story-telling was influenced by the Arabic and Persian traditions by the 11th-13th centuries to become a form of one-man theatre. These narrators of mainly epic tales were known as kıssahan, with their stories containing strong Islamic elements that reinforced the faith of the Muslims in the audience and attempting to convert the non-Muslims. Such kıssahan existed during the Seljuq period and usually told Arabic and Persian epics, stories of Ali and Hamza, as well as tales from One Thousand and One Nights. These stories expanded over time to include stories such as Battal Gazi.",2,null,"What were some of the most prominent stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","The meddah originally started as the narrators of religious and heroic tales, having its roots in the tradition of Turkish oral literature. Whilst strongly based on Turkish nomadic and shamanist traditions brought from Central Asia rather than external influences, Turkish story-telling was influenced by the Arabic and Persian traditions by the 11th-13th centuries to become a form of one-man theatre. These narrators of mainly epic tales were known as kıssahan, with their stories containing strong Islamic elements that reinforced the faith of the Muslims in the audience and attempting to convert the non-Muslims. Such kıssahan existed during the Seljuq period and usually told Arabic and Persian epics, stories of Ali and Hamza, as well as tales from One Thousand and One Nights. These stories expanded over time to include stories such as Battal Gazi.",2,null,"What were some of the best-known meddah stories in the Ottoman Empire?","The meddah originally started as the narrators of religious and heroic tales, having its roots in the tradition of Turkish oral literature. Whilst strongly based on Turkish nomadic and shamanist traditions brought from Central Asia rather than external influences, Turkish story-telling was influenced by the Arabic and Persian traditions by the 11th-13th centuries to become a form of one-man theatre. These narrators of mainly epic tales were known as kıssahan, with their stories containing strong Islamic elements that reinforced the faith of the Muslims in the audience and attempting to convert the non-Muslims. Such kıssahan existed during the Seljuq period and usually told Arabic and Persian epics, stories of Ali and Hamza, as well as tales from One Thousand and One Nights. These stories expanded over time to include stories such as Battal Gazi.",2,null,"What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","Meddahs were generally traveling artists whose route took them from one large city to another, such along the towns of the spice road; the tradition supposedly goes back to Homer's time. The methods of meddahs were the same as the methods of the itinerant storytellers who related Greek epics such as the Iliad and Odyssey, even though the main stories were now Ferhat ile Şirin or Layla and Majnun. The repertoires of the meddahs also included true stories, modified depending on the audience, artist and political situation.",2,null,64,true,"88_7_CAR_555d6761b3b8de4946b46a5210339981ee96daef","CAR_555d6761b3b8de4946b46a5210339981ee96daef","88_7_CAR_555d6761b3b8de4946b46a5210339981ee96daef","CAR_555d6761b3b8de4946b46a5210339981ee96daef","88_7_CAR_555d6761b3b8de4946b46a5210339981ee96daef","CAR_555d6761b3b8de4946b46a5210339981ee96daef",null,"What were popular stories told by meddahs in the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_bfd21636ee442306e30e8669f541f5b3edce09a5","88_7_CAR_bfd21636ee442306e30e8669f541f5b3edce09a5","Meddahs were generally traveling artists whose route took them from one large city to another, such along the towns of the spice road; the tradition supposedly goes back to Homer's time. The methods of meddahs were the same as the methods of the itinerant storytellers who related Greek epics such as the Iliad and Odyssey, even though the main stories were now Ferhat ile Şirin or Layla and Majnun. The repertoires of the meddahs also included true stories, modified depending on the audience, artist and political situation.",2]
["What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","88_8","How significant was the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",1,null,"What was the millet system's significance in the Ottoman Empire's expansion?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",1,null,"Was the millet confessional system important to the Ottoman Empire?","The Armenian millet was a confessional community in the Ottoman Empire. Confessional communities on local issues were functioning like the autonomous territories. The Ottoman millet specifically referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to personal law under which sections of the society were allowed to rule themselves with fairly little interference from the central system. Each millet was under the supervision of an Ethnarch ('national' leader), most often a religious hierarch. Armenian millet was under the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. As the people of \"The Book\" Armenians were able to maintain their houses of worship, obtain religious literature, and employ clergy of their faith for their congregations. These were rights given in the local level. These rights become limited with the economic and technological developments of the 18th century. The Ottoman citizens wanted representation in national level. They wanted to have participation more than local level.",1,null,"What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",1,null,65,false,"88_8_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","88_8_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","88_8_CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447",null,"What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","88_8_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",1]
["What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","88_8","How significant was the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","The Armenian millet was a confessional community in the Ottoman Empire. Confessional communities on local issues were functioning like the autonomous territories. The Ottoman millet specifically referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to personal law under which sections of the society were allowed to rule themselves with fairly little interference from the central system. Each millet was under the supervision of an Ethnarch ('national' leader), most often a religious hierarch. Armenian millet was under the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. As the people of \"The Book\" Armenians were able to maintain their houses of worship, obtain religious literature, and employ clergy of their faith for their congregations. These were rights given in the local level. These rights become limited with the economic and technological developments of the 18th century. The Ottoman citizens wanted representation in national level. They wanted to have participation more than local level.",1,null,"What was the millet system's significance in the Ottoman Empire's expansion?","The millet system established during the period of Ottoman rule was an administrative system that served as a means of effectively reinforcing the divide between Turkish and Greek Cypriots.  An administrative structure which distinguished the communities based on religion and ethnicity, each group was treated as a distinct entity. With the Orthodox Church playing a dominant position among the Greek Cypriots so as to help them preserve their ethnic, cultural, and political identity, religious activities and institutions factored into virtually every facet of the Cypriot community. Through the imposition of taxation and other various administrative tasks on a denominational basis, the millet system served as a central contributor in the creation of \"political cleavage over ethnic lines.",2,null,"Was the millet confessional system important to the Ottoman Empire?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",1,null,"What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","The Armenian millet was a confessional community in the Ottoman Empire. Confessional communities on local issues were functioning like the autonomous territories. The Ottoman millet specifically referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to personal law under which sections of the society were allowed to rule themselves with fairly little interference from the central system. Each millet was under the supervision of an Ethnarch ('national' leader), most often a religious hierarch. Armenian millet was under the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. As the people of \"The Book\" Armenians were able to maintain their houses of worship, obtain religious literature, and employ clergy of their faith for their congregations. These were rights given in the local level. These rights become limited with the economic and technological developments of the 18th century. The Ottoman citizens wanted representation in national level. They wanted to have participation more than local level.",1,null,65,false,"88_8_CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","88_8_CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","88_8_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5",null,"What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","88_8_CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","The Armenian millet was a confessional community in the Ottoman Empire. Confessional communities on local issues were functioning like the autonomous territories. The Ottoman millet specifically referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to personal law under which sections of the society were allowed to rule themselves with fairly little interference from the central system. Each millet was under the supervision of an Ethnarch ('national' leader), most often a religious hierarch. Armenian millet was under the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. As the people of \"The Book\" Armenians were able to maintain their houses of worship, obtain religious literature, and employ clergy of their faith for their congregations. These were rights given in the local level. These rights become limited with the economic and technological developments of the 18th century. The Ottoman citizens wanted representation in national level. They wanted to have participation more than local level.",1]
["What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","88_8","How significant was the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","In the Ottoman Empire, a millet was a separate legal court pertaining to \"personal law\" under which a confessional community (a group abiding by the laws of Muslim Sharia, Christian Canon law, or Jewish Halakha) was allowed to rule itself under its own laws. Despite frequently being referred to as a \"system\", before the nineteenth century the organization of what are now retrospectively called millets in the Ottoman Empire was far from systematic. Rather, non-Muslims were simply given a significant degree of autonomy within their own community, without an overarching structure for the 'millet' as a whole. The notion of distinct millets corresponding to different religious communities within the empire would not emerge until the eighteenth century. Subsequently, the existence of the millet system was justified through numerous foundation myths linking it back to the time of Sultan Mehmed II (r. 1451-81), although it is now understood that no such system existed in the fifteenth century. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. The word millet comes from the Arabic word millah (ملة) and literally means \"nation\". The millet system has been called an example of pre-modern religious pluralism.",1,null,"What was the millet system's significance in the Ottoman Empire's expansion?","In the Ottoman Empire, a millet was a separate legal court pertaining to \"personal law\" under which a confessional community (a group abiding by the laws of Muslim Sharia, Christian Canon law, or Jewish Halakha) was allowed to rule itself under its own laws. Despite frequently being referred to as a \"system\", before the nineteenth century the organization of what are now retrospectively called millets in the Ottoman Empire was far from systematic. Rather, non-Muslims were simply given a significant degree of autonomy within their own community, without an overarching structure for the 'millet' as a whole. The notion of distinct millets corresponding to different religious communities within the empire would not emerge until the eighteenth century. Subsequently, the existence of the millet system was justified through numerous foundation myths linking it back to the time of Sultan Mehmed II (r. 1451-81), although it is now understood that no such system existed in the fifteenth century. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. The word millet comes from the Arabic word millah (ملة) and literally means \"nation\". The millet system has been called an example of pre-modern religious pluralism.",1,null,"Was the millet confessional system important to the Ottoman Empire?","In the Ottoman Empire, a millet was a separate legal court pertaining to personal law under which a confessional community (a group abiding by the laws of Muslim Sharia, Christian Canon law, or Jewish Halakha) was allowed to rule itself under its own system.n the Ottoman Empire, Christian Millets were instituted by Sultan Mehmet II after he had conquered Constantinople in 1453 and set himself to reorganise the Ottoman State as the conscious heir of the East Roman Empire.",1,null,"What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","The millet system established during the period of Ottoman rule was an administrative system that served as a means of effectively reinforcing the divide between Turkish and Greek Cypriots.  An administrative structure which distinguished the communities based on religion and ethnicity, each group was treated as a distinct entity. With the Orthodox Church playing a dominant position among the Greek Cypriots so as to help them preserve their ethnic, cultural, and political identity, religious activities and institutions factored into virtually every facet of the Cypriot community. Through the imposition of taxation and other various administrative tasks on a denominational basis, the millet system served as a central contributor in the creation of \"political cleavage over ethnic lines.",2,null,65,false,"88_8_CAR_b2e323c40447e8c1adc25ef755f59c9f2aaa37b8","CAR_b2e323c40447e8c1adc25ef755f59c9f2aaa37b8","88_8_CAR_b2e323c40447e8c1adc25ef755f59c9f2aaa37b8","CAR_b2e323c40447e8c1adc25ef755f59c9f2aaa37b8","88_8_MARCO_6856754","MARCO_6856754",null,"What was the importance of the confessional millet system to the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","88_8_CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","The millet system established during the period of Ottoman rule was an administrative system that served as a means of effectively reinforcing the divide between Turkish and Greek Cypriots.  An administrative structure which distinguished the communities based on religion and ethnicity, each group was treated as a distinct entity. With the Orthodox Church playing a dominant position among the Greek Cypriots so as to help them preserve their ethnic, cultural, and political identity, religious activities and institutions factored into virtually every facet of the Cypriot community. Through the imposition of taxation and other various administrative tasks on a denominational basis, the millet system served as a central contributor in the creation of \"political cleavage over ethnic lines.",2]
["Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","88_9","Why did the British still use the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","The Ottoman Empire's millet system was abolished during British administration. In this period, the people of Cyprus were split into two main groups in censuses and administrative records. Because of the polarization politics of the British administration, Linobambaki were integrated into the Turkish Cypriot community. There were still Greek speaking settlements that identified themselves as Turkish Cypriots during the 1950s; settlements such as Lapithos, Platanissos, Agios Symeon and Galinoporni.",2,null,"Why did the British continue to use confessional millet in the Ottoman Empire?","Britain continued the millet system of the Ottoman Empire whereby all matters of a religious nature and personal status were within the jurisdiction of Muslim courts and the courts of other recognised religions, called confessional communities. The High Commissioner established the Orthodox Rabbinate and retained a modified millet system which only recognised eleven religious communities: Muslims, Jews and nine Christian denominations (none of which were Christian Protestant churches). All those who were not members of these recognised communities were excluded from the millet arrangement. As a result, there was no possibility, for example, of marriages between confessional communities, and there were no civil marriages. Personal contacts between communities were nominal.",2,null,"Why did British colonists pursue the millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","The millet system established during the period of Ottoman rule was an administrative system that served as a means of effectively reinforcing the divide between Turkish and Greek Cypriots.  An administrative structure which distinguished the communities based on religion and ethnicity, each group was treated as a distinct entity. With the Orthodox Church playing a dominant position among the Greek Cypriots so as to help them preserve their ethnic, cultural, and political identity, religious activities and institutions factored into virtually every facet of the Cypriot community. Through the imposition of taxation and other various administrative tasks on a denominational basis, the millet system served as a central contributor in the creation of \"political cleavage over ethnic lines.",0,null,"Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","Britain continued the millet system of the Ottoman Empire whereby all matters of a religious nature and personal status were within the jurisdiction of Muslim courts and the courts of other recognised religions, called confessional communities. The High Commissioner established the Orthodox Rabbinate and retained a modified millet system which only recognised eleven religious communities: Muslims, Jews and nine Christian denominations (none of which were Christian Protestant churches). All those who were not members of these recognised communities were excluded from the millet arrangement. As a result, there was no possibility, for example, of marriages between confessional communities, and there were no civil marriages. Personal contacts between communities were nominal.",2,null,66,true,"88_9_CAR_74781c68abcbec609ff338ee3405cba8e1eb5f5f","CAR_74781c68abcbec609ff338ee3405cba8e1eb5f5f","88_9_CAR_7e8449ccf62ef409613cc92aea86b99b6bb50730","CAR_7e8449ccf62ef409613cc92aea86b99b6bb50730","88_9_CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b",null,"Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_7e8449ccf62ef409613cc92aea86b99b6bb50730","88_9_CAR_7e8449ccf62ef409613cc92aea86b99b6bb50730","Britain continued the millet system of the Ottoman Empire whereby all matters of a religious nature and personal status were within the jurisdiction of Muslim courts and the courts of other recognised religions, called confessional communities. The High Commissioner established the Orthodox Rabbinate and retained a modified millet system which only recognised eleven religious communities: Muslims, Jews and nine Christian denominations (none of which were Christian Protestant churches). All those who were not members of these recognised communities were excluded from the millet arrangement. As a result, there was no possibility, for example, of marriages between confessional communities, and there were no civil marriages. Personal contacts between communities were nominal.",2]
["Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","88_9","Why did the British still use the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",0,null,"Why did the British continue to use confessional millet in the Ottoman Empire?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",0,null,"Why did British colonists pursue the millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",0,null,"Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",0,null,66,true,"88_9_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","88_9_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","88_9_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5",null,"Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","88_9_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",0]
["Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","88_9","Why did the British still use the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","Britain continued the millet system of the Ottoman Empire whereby all matters of a religious nature and personal status were within the jurisdiction of Muslim courts and the courts of other recognised religions, called confessional communities. The High Commissioner established the Orthodox Rabbinate and retained a modified millet system which only recognised eleven religious communities: Muslims, Jews and nine Christian denominations (none of which were Christian Protestant churches). All those who were not members of these recognised communities were excluded from the millet arrangement. As a result, there was no possibility, for example, of marriages between confessional communities, and there were no civil marriages. Personal contacts between communities were nominal.",2,null,"Why did the British continue to use confessional millet in the Ottoman Empire?","The Ottoman Empire's millet system was abolished during British administration. In this period, the people of Cyprus were split into two main groups in censuses and administrative records. Because of the polarization politics of the British administration, Linobambaki were integrated into the Turkish Cypriot community. There were still Greek speaking settlements that identified themselves as Turkish Cypriots during the 1950s; settlements such as Lapithos, Platanissos, Agios Symeon and Galinoporni.",2,null,"Why did British colonists pursue the millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","Britain continued the millet system of the Ottoman Empire whereby all matters of a religious nature and personal status were within the jurisdiction of Muslim courts and the courts of other recognised religions, called confessional communities. The High Commissioner established the Orthodox Rabbinate and retained a modified millet system which only recognised eleven religious communities: Muslims, Jews and nine Christian denominations (none of which were Christian Protestant churches). All those who were not members of these recognised communities were excluded from the millet arrangement. As a result, there was no possibility, for example, of marriages between confessional communities, and there were no civil marriages. Personal contacts between communities were nominal.",2,null,"Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","The Ottoman Empire's millet system was abolished during British administration. In this period, the people of Cyprus were split into two main groups in censuses and administrative records. Because of the polarization politics of the British administration, Linobambaki were integrated into the Turkish Cypriot community. There were still Greek speaking settlements that identified themselves as Turkish Cypriots during the 1950s; settlements such as Lapithos, Platanissos, Agios Symeon and Galinoporni.",2,null,66,true,"88_9_CAR_7e8449ccf62ef409613cc92aea86b99b6bb50730","CAR_7e8449ccf62ef409613cc92aea86b99b6bb50730","88_9_CAR_74781c68abcbec609ff338ee3405cba8e1eb5f5f","CAR_74781c68abcbec609ff338ee3405cba8e1eb5f5f","88_9_CAR_7e8449ccf62ef409613cc92aea86b99b6bb50730","CAR_7e8449ccf62ef409613cc92aea86b99b6bb50730",null,"Why did the British continue the confessional millet system from the Ottoman Empire?","CAR_74781c68abcbec609ff338ee3405cba8e1eb5f5f","88_9_CAR_74781c68abcbec609ff338ee3405cba8e1eb5f5f","The Ottoman Empire's millet system was abolished during British administration. In this period, the people of Cyprus were split into two main groups in censuses and administrative records. Because of the polarization politics of the British administration, Linobambaki were integrated into the Turkish Cypriot community. There were still Greek speaking settlements that identified themselves as Turkish Cypriots during the 1950s; settlements such as Lapithos, Platanissos, Agios Symeon and Galinoporni.",2]
["What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","88_10","How did the confessional millet system have an impact on the formation of national identity?","National consciousness developed in Bosnia and Herzegovina among the three ethnic groups in the 19th century, with national identities having had a major impact from the Millet system in place in Ottoman society (where 'religion and nationality were closely intertwined and often synonyms'). During Ottoman rule, there was a clear distinction between Muslims and non-Muslims. There were different tax categories and clothes, but only in the late 18th- and early 19th century \"the differentiations develop into ethnic and national forms of identification\", according to Soeren Keil. The bordering countries of Serbia and Croatia consequently laid claim to Bosnia and Herzegovina; a combination of religion, ethnic identity and territorial claim was the basis for the three distinct nations.",3,null,"How important is the confessional millet system for forming national identities?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",2,null,"What is the historical significance of the confessional millet system in creating national identities?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",2,null,"What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",2,null,67,false,"88_10_CAR_6d330bdc25870da79c85012a68823a6fbc7af2f9","CAR_6d330bdc25870da79c85012a68823a6fbc7af2f9","88_10_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","88_10_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5",null,"What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","88_10_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",2]
["What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","88_10","How did the confessional millet system have an impact on the formation of national identity?","The Millet system was a set of confessional communities in the Ottoman Empire. It referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to \"personal law\" under which religious communities were allowed to rule themselves under their own system. The Sultan regarded the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Constantinople Patriarchate as the leader of the Orthodox Christian peoples of his empire. After the Ottoman Tanzimat (1839–76) reforms, Nationalism arose in the Empire and the term was used for legally protected religious minority groups, similar to the way other countries use the word nation. New millets were created in 1860 and 1870 for Uniate and Orthodox Bulgarian Christian communities. In this way a separate Bulgarian diocese was established, based on ethnic identity rather than principles of Orthodoxy and territory.",2,null,"How important is the confessional millet system for forming national identities?","The millet system established during the period of Ottoman rule was an administrative system that served as a means of effectively reinforcing the divide between Turkish and Greek Cypriots.  An administrative structure which distinguished the communities based on religion and ethnicity, each group was treated as a distinct entity. With the Orthodox Church playing a dominant position among the Greek Cypriots so as to help them preserve their ethnic, cultural, and political identity, religious activities and institutions factored into virtually every facet of the Cypriot community. Through the imposition of taxation and other various administrative tasks on a denominational basis, the millet system served as a central contributor in the creation of \"political cleavage over ethnic lines.",2,null,"What is the historical significance of the confessional millet system in creating national identities?","The millet system established during the period of Ottoman rule was an administrative system that served as a means of effectively reinforcing the divide between Turkish and Greek Cypriots.  An administrative structure which distinguished the communities based on religion and ethnicity, each group was treated as a distinct entity. With the Orthodox Church playing a dominant position among the Greek Cypriots so as to help them preserve their ethnic, cultural, and political identity, religious activities and institutions factored into virtually every facet of the Cypriot community. Through the imposition of taxation and other various administrative tasks on a denominational basis, the millet system served as a central contributor in the creation of \"political cleavage over ethnic lines.",2,null,"What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","The millet system established during the period of Ottoman rule was an administrative system that served as a means of effectively reinforcing the divide between Turkish and Greek Cypriots.  An administrative structure which distinguished the communities based on religion and ethnicity, each group was treated as a distinct entity. With the Orthodox Church playing a dominant position among the Greek Cypriots so as to help them preserve their ethnic, cultural, and political identity, religious activities and institutions factored into virtually every facet of the Cypriot community. Through the imposition of taxation and other various administrative tasks on a denominational basis, the millet system served as a central contributor in the creation of \"political cleavage over ethnic lines.",2,null,67,false,"88_10_CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","CAR_253d76ecb30ed2c579b941a17b16bf996368b5f5","88_10_CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","88_10_CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b",null,"What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","88_10_CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","The millet system established during the period of Ottoman rule was an administrative system that served as a means of effectively reinforcing the divide between Turkish and Greek Cypriots.  An administrative structure which distinguished the communities based on religion and ethnicity, each group was treated as a distinct entity. With the Orthodox Church playing a dominant position among the Greek Cypriots so as to help them preserve their ethnic, cultural, and political identity, religious activities and institutions factored into virtually every facet of the Cypriot community. Through the imposition of taxation and other various administrative tasks on a denominational basis, the millet system served as a central contributor in the creation of \"political cleavage over ethnic lines.",2]
["What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","88_10","How did the confessional millet system have an impact on the formation of national identity?","The millet system established during the period of Ottoman rule was an administrative system that served as a means of effectively reinforcing the divide between Turkish and Greek Cypriots.  An administrative structure which distinguished the communities based on religion and ethnicity, each group was treated as a distinct entity. With the Orthodox Church playing a dominant position among the Greek Cypriots so as to help them preserve their ethnic, cultural, and political identity, religious activities and institutions factored into virtually every facet of the Cypriot community. Through the imposition of taxation and other various administrative tasks on a denominational basis, the millet system served as a central contributor in the creation of \"political cleavage over ethnic lines.",2,null,"How important is the confessional millet system for forming national identities?","The Armenian millet was a confessional community in the Ottoman Empire. Confessional communities on local issues were functioning like the autonomous territories. The Ottoman millet specifically referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to personal law under which sections of the society were allowed to rule themselves with fairly little interference from the central system. Each millet was under the supervision of an Ethnarch ('national' leader), most often a religious hierarch. Armenian millet was under the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. As the people of \"The Book\" Armenians were able to maintain their houses of worship, obtain religious literature, and employ clergy of their faith for their congregations. These were rights given in the local level. These rights become limited with the economic and technological developments of the 18th century. The Ottoman citizens wanted representation in national level. They wanted to have participation more than local level.",2,null,"What is the historical significance of the confessional millet system in creating national identities?","The Armenian millet was a confessional community in the Ottoman Empire. Confessional communities on local issues were functioning like the autonomous territories. The Ottoman millet specifically referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to personal law under which sections of the society were allowed to rule themselves with fairly little interference from the central system. Each millet was under the supervision of an Ethnarch ('national' leader), most often a religious hierarch. Armenian millet was under the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. As the people of \"The Book\" Armenians were able to maintain their houses of worship, obtain religious literature, and employ clergy of their faith for their congregations. These were rights given in the local level. These rights become limited with the economic and technological developments of the 18th century. The Ottoman citizens wanted representation in national level. They wanted to have participation more than local level.",2,null,"What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","The Armenian millet was a confessional community in the Ottoman Empire. Confessional communities on local issues were functioning like the autonomous territories. The Ottoman millet specifically referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to personal law under which sections of the society were allowed to rule themselves with fairly little interference from the central system. Each millet was under the supervision of an Ethnarch ('national' leader), most often a religious hierarch. Armenian millet was under the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. As the people of \"The Book\" Armenians were able to maintain their houses of worship, obtain religious literature, and employ clergy of their faith for their congregations. These were rights given in the local level. These rights become limited with the economic and technological developments of the 18th century. The Ottoman citizens wanted representation in national level. They wanted to have participation more than local level.",2,null,67,false,"88_10_CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","CAR_05a2267b408d06ded876d15d4a21c9bbe55e9d7b","88_10_CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","88_10_CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447",null,"What is the historical importance of the confessional millet system in the development of national identities?","CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","88_10_CAR_b3b436adcde810685d62e669ddfb763afb3ad447","The Armenian millet was a confessional community in the Ottoman Empire. Confessional communities on local issues were functioning like the autonomous territories. The Ottoman millet specifically referred to the separate legal courts pertaining to personal law under which sections of the society were allowed to rule themselves with fairly little interference from the central system. Each millet was under the supervision of an Ethnarch ('national' leader), most often a religious hierarch. Armenian millet was under the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. As the people of \"The Book\" Armenians were able to maintain their houses of worship, obtain religious literature, and employ clergy of their faith for their congregations. These were rights given in the local level. These rights become limited with the economic and technological developments of the 18th century. The Ottoman citizens wanted representation in national level. They wanted to have participation more than local level.",2]
["What is the relationship between predator and prey?","89_1","What is the link between predator and prey?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",4,null,"What is the correlation between predators and prey?","Size-selective predation involves predators preferring prey of a certain size. Large prey may prove troublesome for a predator, while small prey might prove hard to find and in any case provide less of a reward. This has led to a correlation between the size of predators and their prey. Size may also act as a refuge for large prey, for example adult elephants are, in general, safe from predation by lions, but juveniles are vulnerable.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What is the association between prey and predator?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",4,null,"What is the relationship between predator and prey?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",4,null,68,true,"89_1_MARCO_3503895","MARCO_3503895","89_1_CAR_4990cf4ba0bf15403e240e542c3711a4ef349bb5","CAR_4990cf4ba0bf15403e240e542c3711a4ef349bb5","89_1_MARCO_3503895","MARCO_3503895",null,"What is the relationship between predator and prey?","MARCO_3503895","89_1_MARCO_3503895","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",4]
["What is the relationship between predator and prey?","89_1","What is the link between predator and prey?","The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.",4,null,"What is the correlation between predators and prey?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",4,null,"What is the association between prey and predator?","The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.",4,null,"What is the relationship between predator and prey?","The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.",4,null,68,true,"89_1_CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","89_1_MARCO_3503895","MARCO_3503895","89_1_CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3",null,"What is the relationship between predator and prey?","CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","89_1_CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.",4]
["What is the relationship between predator and prey?","89_1","What is the link between predator and prey?","Â· Predator is the dominant organism, while prey is the submissive organism of prey-predator interaction. Â· Prey has always a larger population compared to predator. Â· Prey species are more often herbivorous, while predators are always carnivores, but can be omnivorous sometimes. Predator completely depends on the prey for food. However, prey would not die in the absence of predators. Â· Predators control the population of prey, otherwise the prey species will get overpopulated, and the balance of the ecosystem will lose.",4,null,"What is the correlation between predators and prey?","Importance: Predators and prey can influence one another's evolution. Traits that enhance a predator's ability to find and capture prey will be selected for in the predator, while traits that enhance the prey's ability to avoid being eaten will be selected for in the prey.",4,null,"What is the association between prey and predator?","Â· Predator is the dominant organism, while prey is the submissive organism of prey-predator interaction. Â· Prey has always a larger population compared to predator. Â· Prey species are more often herbivorous, while predators are always carnivores, but can be omnivorous sometimes. Predator completely depends on the prey for food. However, prey would not die in the absence of predators. Â· Predators control the population of prey, otherwise the prey species will get overpopulated, and the balance of the ecosystem will lose.",4,null,"What is the relationship between predator and prey?","This is shown particularly clearly by the relationship between predator predator: An animal that hunts, kills and eats other animals for food. and prey prey: organisms that predators kill for food populations. There is a continuous tussle between predators and their prey.",4,null,68,true,"89_1_MARCO_3607698","MARCO_3607698","89_1_MARCO_4441043","MARCO_4441043","89_1_MARCO_3607698","MARCO_3607698",null,"What is the relationship between predator and prey?","MARCO_7579460","89_1_MARCO_7579460","This is shown particularly clearly by the relationship between predator predator: An animal that hunts, kills and eats other animals for food. and prey prey: organisms that predators kill for food populations. There is a continuous tussle between predators and their prey.",4]
["What do predator plants eat?","89_2","What is a predator plant's diet?","Predators that eat only other arthropods are called carnivores; arthropods that eat only plants are referred to as herbivores and are frequently the prey of predators. Predators that feed on both prey and plants (pollen and nectar) are called omnivores.ome predators are specialists, feeding on only one or a few species of prey, but most are generalists and feed on a wide variety of insect pests and even, at times, each other.",0,null,"What are some examples of carnivorous plant foods?","As nutrients tend to be rarely available to lithophytes or chasmophytes, many species of carnivorous plants can be viewed as being pre-adapted to life on rocks. By consuming prey, these plants can gather more nutrients than non-carnivorous lithophtytes. Examples include the pitcher plants Nepenthes campanulata and Heliamphora exappendiculata, many Pinguicula and several Utricularia species.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What do carnivorous plants eat?","Q: What do carnivorous plants eat? Dinner! Gross! Hybrid Nepenthes A: It depends on where they live. Many carnivorous plants, such as Utricularia and Aldrovanda, live with their traps submerged in water. These plants capture very small prey like rotifers and daphnia, and even larger aquatic prey such as mosquito larvae and even fish fry. Traps in the genus Genlisea can even capture protozoans, and some scientists think they are specialized specifically to do so!",4,null,"What do predator plants eat?","Predators that eat only other arthropods are called carnivores; arthropods that eat only plants are referred to as herbivores and are frequently the prey of predators. Predators that feed on both prey and plants (pollen and nectar) are called omnivores.ome predators are specialists, feeding on only one or a few species of prey, but most are generalists and feed on a wide variety of insect pests and even, at times, each other.",0,null,69,false,"89_2_MARCO_6997037","MARCO_6997037","89_2_CAR_56f1b16d9c5722c243b2a8a28d02d5edf2ca68aa","CAR_56f1b16d9c5722c243b2a8a28d02d5edf2ca68aa","89_2_MARCO_4608868","MARCO_4608868",null,"What do predator plants eat?","MARCO_6997037","89_2_MARCO_6997037","Predators that eat only other arthropods are called carnivores; arthropods that eat only plants are referred to as herbivores and are frequently the prey of predators. Predators that feed on both prey and plants (pollen and nectar) are called omnivores.ome predators are specialists, feeding on only one or a few species of prey, but most are generalists and feed on a wide variety of insect pests and even, at times, each other.",0]
["What do predator plants eat?","89_2","What is a predator plant's diet?","And one thing weâ€™ve been seeing for a long time now is that predators can have a dramatic impact on plant populations through their intermediary impact on their prey. So, when otters eat sea urchins, which are their main diet for instance, we see kelp forest bounce back to life.",0,null,"What are some examples of carnivorous plant foods?","Historical observations of the carnivorous syndrome in plant species have been restricted to the more obvious examples of carnivory, such as the active trapping mechanisms of Drosera and Dionaea, though authors have often noted speculation about other species that may not be so obviously carnivorous. In one of the earlier publications on carnivorous plants, Charles Darwin had suggested many plants that have developed adhesive glands, such as Erica tetralix, Mirabilis longifolia, Pelargonium zonale, Primula sinesis, and Saxifraga umbrosa, may indeed be carnivorous but little research has been done on them. Darwin himself only mentioned these species in passing and did not follow through with any investigation. Adding to the small but growing list, Francis Lloyd provided his own list of species suspected of carnivory in his 1942 book on carnivorous plants, though these species and their potential were only mentioned in the introduction. Later, in a 1981 review of the literature, Paul Simons rediscovered Italian journal articles from the early 1900s that identified several additional sticky species that digested insect prey. Simons was surprised to find these articles lacking in the literature cited sections of many modern books and articles on carnivorous plants, suggesting that academic research has treated Lloyd's 1942 book as the authoritative and comprehensive source on pre-1942 research on the carnivorous syndrome.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What do carnivorous plants eat?","Carnivorous plants are plants which get nutrients from trapping and eating animals. They are often called insectivorous plants, because they usually trap insects. Since they get some of their food from animals, carnivorous plants can grow in places where the soil is thin, or poor in nutrients.",4,null,"What do predator plants eat?","Answer Predators are any animals that hunt and eat other animals (prey). There are some plants, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets â€¦ are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles. Like the guy earlier said, predators are animals that eat other animals, however, the human is not a predator, but an omnivore, which means we eat plant and animal matter.   Something that eats animals.",4,null,69,false,"89_2_MARCO_2342965","MARCO_2342965","89_2_CAR_790141d3381bee337e42ab663452becbc0290461","CAR_790141d3381bee337e42ab663452becbc0290461","89_2_MARCO_6199660","MARCO_6199660",null,"What do predator plants eat?","MARCO_1712829","89_2_MARCO_1712829","Answer Predators are any animals that hunt and eat other animals (prey). There are some plants, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets â€¦ are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles. Like the guy earlier said, predators are animals that eat other animals, however, the human is not a predator, but an omnivore, which means we eat plant and animal matter.   Something that eats animals.",4]
["What do predator plants eat?","89_2","What is a predator plant's diet?","A carnivore that sits at the top of the food chain is termed an apex predator. Plants that capture and digest insects (and, at times, other small animals) are called carnivorous plants. Similarly, fungi that capture microscopic animals are often called carnivorous fungi.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are some examples of carnivorous plant foods?","The disciplines of ecology and evolutionary biology have presented several hypotheses on the evolution of carnivorous plants that may also apply to protocarnivorous plants. The name \"protocarnivorous plant\" itself suggests that these species are on their way to carnivory, though others may simply be an example of a defense-related adaptation, such as that found in Plumbago. Still others (Utricularia purpurea, Nepenthes ampullaria, and Nepenthes lowii) may be examples of carnivorous plants moving away from the carnivorous syndrome.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What do carnivorous plants eat?","Carnivorous plants are plants that derive some or most of their nutrients (but not energy) from trapping and consuming animals or protozoans, typically insects and other arthropods. Carnivorous plants have adapted to grow in places with high light where the soil is thin or poor in nutrients, especially nitrogen, such as acidic bogs and rock outcroppings. Charles Darwin wrote Insectivorous Plants, the first well-known treatise on carnivorous plants, in 1875.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What do predator plants eat?","Predators are any animals that hunt and eat other animals (prey). There are some plants, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles. <b>Predators</b> are any <b>animals</b> that hunt and eat other animals (<i><b>prey</b></i>). There are some <b>plants</b>, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles.",4,null,69,false,"89_2_MARCO_6403917","MARCO_6403917","89_2_CAR_a47104b090522cc02f24b832e6f144c7a36cb420","CAR_a47104b090522cc02f24b832e6f144c7a36cb420","89_2_CAR_e1cd70aa4ee425fe83986fd9652f4a11f98e84f0","CAR_e1cd70aa4ee425fe83986fd9652f4a11f98e84f0",null,"What do predator plants eat?","MARCO_3761191","89_2_MARCO_3761191","Predators are any animals that hunt and eat other animals (prey). There are some plants, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles. <b>Predators</b> are any <b>animals</b> that hunt and eat other animals (<i><b>prey</b></i>). There are some <b>plants</b>, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles.",4]
["What do Venus flytraps eat?","89_3","What is a Venus flytraps diet?","Most carnivorous plants selectively feed on specific prey. This selection is due to the available prey and the type of trap used by the organism. With the Venus flytrap, prey is limited to beetles, spiders and other crawling arthropods. In fact, the Dionaea diet is 33% ants, 30% spiders, 10% beetles, and 10% grasshoppers, with fewer than 5% flying insects. Given that Dionaea evolved from an ancestral form of Drosera (carnivorous plants that use a sticky trap instead of a snap trap) the reason for this evolutionary branching becomes clear. Whilst Drosera consume smaller, aerial insects, Dionaea consume larger terrestrial bugs. Dionaea are able to extract more nutrients from these larger bugs. This gives Dionaea an evolutionary advantage over their ancestral sticky trap form.",4,null,"How should I feed a Venus flytrap?","Best Answer: It's best to put your venus fly trap's pot in a tray and then water it from the bottom. You can see a photo of this setup and read more instructions on my website here: http://www.flytrapcare.com/the-importanc...t is best to grow your fly trap outside where it can get plenty of sun and catch its own food. You don't actually have to feed a Venus Fly Trap anything other than sunlight and water. If you do choose to feed it, don't over do it. Feed it only insects and at most only a couple a month. Venus fly traps need clean water.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What do Venus fly traps need to eat?","Venus fly traps like lots of light. Try to give it at least 4 hours of direct sunlight a day. The more you can give it the better. It is best to grow your fly trap outside where it can get plenty of sun and catch its own food. You don't actually have to feed a Venus Fly Trap anything other than sunlight and water. If you do choose to feed it, don't over do it. Feed it only insects and at most only a couple a month. Venus fly traps need clean water. Usually tap water will not do. It is best to use distilled water, rain water, or reverse osmosis water. Venus fly traps need water with a TDS (total dissolved solids) measurement of 50 ppm (parts per million) or less.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What do Venus flytraps eat?","Credit: Mathieu Colombani. Unlike most plants, Venus flytraps are carnivorous, which means they eat meat. Charles Darwin wrote in his 1875 publication, Insectivorous Plants, that the Venus flytrap is one of the most wonderful [plants] in the world..",2,null,70,true,"89_3_CAR_22b8b3fa18d9b1f1ba5bc8837323f8173a878d6d","CAR_22b8b3fa18d9b1f1ba5bc8837323f8173a878d6d","89_3_MARCO_3537981","MARCO_3537981","89_3_MARCO_8305345","MARCO_8305345",null,"What do Venus flytraps eat?","MARCO_2686280","89_3_MARCO_2686280","Credit: Mathieu Colombani. Unlike most plants, Venus flytraps are carnivorous, which means they eat meat. Charles Darwin wrote in his 1875 publication, Insectivorous Plants, that the Venus flytrap is one of the most wonderful [plants] in the world..",2]
["What do Venus flytraps eat?","89_3","What is a Venus flytraps diet?","Venus fly trap is a autotroph. The carnivorous diet is a very specialized form of foliar feeding, and is an adaptation found in several plants from soil poor in nutrients.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How should I feed a Venus flytrap?","The more you can give it the better. It is best to grow your fly trap outside where it can get plenty of sun and catch its own food. You don't actually have to feed a Venus Fly Trap anything other than sunlight and water. If you do choose to feed it, don't over do it.Feed it only insects and at most only a couple a month. Venus fly traps need clean water.Usually tap water will not do. It is best to use distilled water, rain water, or reverse osmosis water. Venus fly traps need water with a TDS (total dissolved solids) measurement of 50 ppm (parts per million) or less.t is best to grow your fly trap outside where it can get plenty of sun and catch its own food. You don't actually have to feed a Venus Fly Trap anything other than sunlight and water. If you do choose to feed it, don't over do it. Feed it only insects and at most only a couple a month. Venus fly traps need clean water.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What do Venus fly traps need to eat?","Best Answer: Absolutely not! This will kill the trap that you feed it to and could possibly kill the plant. Venus Fly Traps should only eat insects and spiders, things that they would catch in nature on their own. To read more about venus fly traps and what they eat, read here: http://www.flytrapcare.com/venus-fly-tra... Source(s): http://www.flytrapcare.com.",4,null,"What do Venus flytraps eat?","Facts About Venus Flytraps. Unlike most plants, Venus flytraps are carnivorous, which means they eat meat. Charles Darwin wrote in his 1875 publication, Insectivorous Plants, that the Venus flytrap is one of the most wonderful [plants] in the world..",2,null,70,true,"89_3_MARCO_5503676","MARCO_5503676","89_3_MARCO_3537984","MARCO_3537984","89_3_MARCO_1025318","MARCO_1025318",null,"What do Venus flytraps eat?","MARCO_2686283","89_3_MARCO_2686283","Facts About Venus Flytraps. Unlike most plants, Venus flytraps are carnivorous, which means they eat meat. Charles Darwin wrote in his 1875 publication, Insectivorous Plants, that the Venus flytrap is one of the most wonderful [plants] in the world..",2]
["What do Venus flytraps eat?","89_3","What is a Venus flytraps diet?","Venus fly trap is a autotroph. The carnivorous diet is a very specialized form of foliar feeding, and is an adaptation found in several plants from soil poor in nutrients.T â€¦ heir carnivorous traps were evolutionarily selected to allow these organisms to survive their harsh environments.s the name suggests Venus Flytra â€¦ ps trap and digest fly's as well as host of other small insects: moths, butterflies, ants, cockroaches etc. (and sometimes small mammals). They don't have a preference for food and will simply catch and digest anything that sets of their trap.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How should I feed a Venus flytrap?","Best Answer: Absolutely not! This will kill the trap that you feed it to and could possibly kill the plant. Venus Fly Traps should only eat insects and spiders, things that they would catch in nature on their own. To read more about venus fly traps and what they eat, read here: http://www.flytrapcare.com/venus-fly-tra... Source(s): http://www.flytrapcare.com.",4,null,"What do Venus fly traps need to eat?","The more you can give it the better. It is best to grow your fly trap outside where it can get plenty of sun and catch its own food. You don't actually have to feed a Venus Fly Trap anything other than sunlight and water. If you do choose to feed it, don't over do it.Feed it only insects and at most only a couple a month. Venus fly traps need clean water.Usually tap water will not do. It is best to use distilled water, rain water, or reverse osmosis water. Venus fly traps need water with a TDS (total dissolved solids) measurement of 50 ppm (parts per million) or less.t is best to grow your fly trap outside where it can get plenty of sun and catch its own food. You don't actually have to feed a Venus Fly Trap anything other than sunlight and water. If you do choose to feed it, don't over do it. Feed it only insects and at most only a couple a month. Venus fly traps need clean water.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What do Venus flytraps eat?","The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three \"trigger hairs\", bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the \"teeth\" on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.",4,null,70,true,"89_3_MARCO_6416400","MARCO_6416400","89_3_MARCO_1025318","MARCO_1025318","89_3_MARCO_3537984","MARCO_3537984",null,"What do Venus flytraps eat?","CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","89_3_CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three \"trigger hairs\", bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the \"teeth\" on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.",4]
["Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","89_4","Where is the Venus flytrap located?","The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen- and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs. Small in stature and slow-growing, the Venus flytrap tolerates fire well, and depends on periodic burning to suppress its competition. Fire suppression threatens its future in the wild. It survives in wet sandy and peaty soils. Although it has been successfully transplanted and grown in many locales around the world, it is native only to the coastal bogs of North and South Carolina in the United States, specifically within a 60-mile radius of Wilmington, North Carolina. One such place is North Carolina's Green Swamp. There also appears to be a naturalized population of Venus flytraps in northern Florida as well as an introduced population in western Washington. The nutritional poverty of the soil is the reason that the plant relies on such elaborate traps: insect prey provide the nitrogen for protein formation that the soil cannot. The Venus flytrap is not a tropical plant and can tolerate mild winters. In fact, Venus flytraps that do not go through a period of winter dormancy will weaken and die after a period of time.",4,null,"What ecosystem are Venus flytraps from?","The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen- and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs. Small in stature and slow-growing, the Venus flytrap tolerates fire well, and depends on periodic burning to suppress its competition. Fire suppression threatens its future in the wild. It survives in wet sandy and peaty soils. Although it has been successfully transplanted and grown in many locales around the world, it is native only to the coastal bogs of North and South Carolina in the United States, specifically within a 60-mile radius of Wilmington, North Carolina. One such place is North Carolina's Green Swamp. There also appears to be a naturalized population of Venus flytraps in northern Florida as well as an introduced population in western Washington. The nutritional poverty of the soil is the reason that the plant relies on such elaborate traps: insect prey provide the nitrogen for protein formation that the soil cannot. The Venus flytrap is not a tropical plant and can tolerate mild winters. In fact, Venus flytraps that do not go through a period of winter dormancy will weaken and die after a period of time.",4,null,"Where are Venus flytraps found on Earth?","The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen- and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs. Small in stature and slow-growing, the Venus flytrap tolerates fire well, and depends on periodic burning to suppress its competition. Fire suppression threatens its future in the wild. It survives in wet sandy and peaty soils. Although it has been successfully transplanted and grown in many locales around the world, it is native only to the coastal bogs of North and South Carolina in the United States, specifically within a 60-mile radius of Wilmington, North Carolina. One such place is North Carolina's Green Swamp. There also appears to be a naturalized population of Venus flytraps in northern Florida as well as an introduced population in western Washington. The nutritional poverty of the soil is the reason that the plant relies on such elaborate traps: insect prey provide the nitrogen for protein formation that the soil cannot. The Venus flytrap is not a tropical plant and can tolerate mild winters. In fact, Venus flytraps that do not go through a period of winter dormancy will weaken and die after a period of time.",4,null,"Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","Venus flytrap. The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",4,null,71,false,"89_4_CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3","CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3","89_4_CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3","CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3","89_4_CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3","CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3",null,"Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","MARCO_2686281","89_4_MARCO_2686281","Venus flytrap. The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",4]
["Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","89_4","Where is the Venus flytrap located?","Venus flytraps come from low-lying flatlands in coastal North Carolina, mostly around the town of Wilmington. They also occur, in much less abundance, in north-eastern South Carolina. I present range information in a different part of the FAQ.",4,null,"What ecosystem are Venus flytraps from?","The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen-and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs.",1,null,"Where are Venus flytraps found on Earth?","The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen-and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs.",1,null,"Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen- and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs. Small in stature and slow-growing, the Venus flytrap tolerates fire well, and depends on periodic burning to suppress its competition. Fire suppression threatens its future in the wild. It survives in wet sandy and peaty soils. Although it has been successfully transplanted and grown in many locales around the world, it is native only to the coastal bogs of North and South Carolina in the United States, specifically within a 60-mile radius of Wilmington, North Carolina. One such place is North Carolina's Green Swamp. There also appears to be a naturalized population of Venus flytraps in northern Florida as well as an introduced population in western Washington. The nutritional poverty of the soil is the reason that the plant relies on such elaborate traps: insect prey provide the nitrogen for protein formation that the soil cannot. The Venus flytrap is not a tropical plant and can tolerate mild winters. In fact, Venus flytraps that do not go through a period of winter dormancy will weaken and die after a period of time.",4,null,71,false,"89_4_MARCO_5503671","MARCO_5503671","89_4_MARCO_2874177","MARCO_2874177","89_4_MARCO_2874177","MARCO_2874177",null,"Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3","89_4_CAR_2b11ea6e22852dcfc6b2745fc337eee414126af3","The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen- and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs. Small in stature and slow-growing, the Venus flytrap tolerates fire well, and depends on periodic burning to suppress its competition. Fire suppression threatens its future in the wild. It survives in wet sandy and peaty soils. Although it has been successfully transplanted and grown in many locales around the world, it is native only to the coastal bogs of North and South Carolina in the United States, specifically within a 60-mile radius of Wilmington, North Carolina. One such place is North Carolina's Green Swamp. There also appears to be a naturalized population of Venus flytraps in northern Florida as well as an introduced population in western Washington. The nutritional poverty of the soil is the reason that the plant relies on such elaborate traps: insect prey provide the nitrogen for protein formation that the soil cannot. The Venus flytrap is not a tropical plant and can tolerate mild winters. In fact, Venus flytraps that do not go through a period of winter dormancy will weaken and die after a period of time.",4]
["Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","89_4","Where is the Venus flytrap located?","Venus flytrap. The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",4,null,"What ecosystem are Venus flytraps from?","Venus flytraps come from low-lying flatlands in coastal North Carolina, mostly around the town of Wilmington. They also occur, in much less abundance, in north-eastern South Carolina. I present range information in a different part of the FAQ.",4,null,"Where are Venus flytraps found on Earth?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",4,null,"Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",4,null,71,false,"89_4_MARCO_2686281","MARCO_2686281","89_4_MARCO_5503671","MARCO_5503671","89_4_MARCO_2874178","MARCO_2874178",null,"Where is the Venus flytrap native to?","MARCO_2874178","89_4_MARCO_2874178","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",4]
["How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","89_5","What do Venus flytraps use to attract, draw and trap their prey?","The active glue traps use rapid plant movements to trap their prey. Rapid plant movement can result from actual growth, or from rapid changes in cell turgor, which allow cells to expand or contract by quickly altering their water content. Slow-moving flypapers like Pinguicula exploit growth, while the Venus flytrap uses such rapid turgor changes which make glue unnecessary. The stalked glands that once made glue became teeth and trigger hairs in Drosera —an example of natural selection hijacking preexisting structures for new functions.",1,null,"How does a Venus flytrap catch insects?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina. It catches its prey—chiefly insects and arachnids—with a trapping structure formed by the terminal portion of each of the plant's leaves, which is triggered by tiny hairs on their inner surfaces. When an insect or spider crawling along the leaves contacts a hair, the trap closes if a different hair is contacted within twenty seconds of the first strike. The requirement of redundant triggering in this mechanism serves as a safeguard against wasting energy by trapping objects with no nutritional value.",3,null,"What are the hunting patterns of a venus flytrap?","But among all these plants, two species stand out: the Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) and the waterwheel plant (Aldrovanda vesiculosa). Both are known as snap-traps because they actively hunt animals, snapping shut specially adapted leaves to trap any hapless creature that crosses them.hat is more, they think its possible to trace a series of steps that the Venus flytrap and waterwheel must have undergone to become accomplished hunters. They started by comparing snap-traps with other carnivorous plants known as sticky traps.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three \"trigger hairs\", bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the \"teeth\" on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.",4,null,72,true,"89_5_CAR_f73025a7e46f7eca080b53c7b90fef59a97905d0","CAR_f73025a7e46f7eca080b53c7b90fef59a97905d0","89_5_CAR_8af262c01e3c24acec0359c181411f5b6d744f66","CAR_8af262c01e3c24acec0359c181411f5b6d744f66","89_5_MARCO_4023444","MARCO_4023444",null,"How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","89_5_CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three \"trigger hairs\", bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the \"teeth\" on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.",4]
["How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","89_5","What do Venus flytraps use to attract, draw and trap their prey?","The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three \"trigger hairs\", bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the \"teeth\" on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.",4,null,"How does a Venus flytrap catch insects?","Learn more about this article. The Venus flytrap, as its name suggests, is able to catch and digest insects. Insects are attracted to the small traps by the bright pigment and the nectar secreted by a row of glands situated just below the teeth of the trap (5).ost carnivorous plants selectively feed on specific prey. This selection is due to the available prey and the type of trap used by the organism. With the Venus flytrap, prey is limited to beetles, spiders and other crawling arthropods.",4,null,"What are the hunting patterns of a venus flytrap?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina. It catches its prey—chiefly insects and arachnids—with a trapping structure formed by the terminal portion of each of the plant's leaves, which is triggered by tiny hairs on their inner surfaces. When an insect or spider crawling along the leaves contacts a hair, the trap closes if a different hair is contacted within twenty seconds of the first strike. The requirement of redundant triggering in this mechanism serves as a safeguard against wasting energy by trapping objects with no nutritional value.",3,null,"How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","Learn more about this article. The Venus flytrap, as its name suggests, is able to catch and digest insects. Insects are attracted to the small traps by the bright pigment and the nectar secreted by a row of glands situated just below the teeth of the trap (5).ost carnivorous plants selectively feed on specific prey. This selection is due to the available prey and the type of trap used by the organism. With the Venus flytrap, prey is limited to beetles, spiders and other crawling arthropods.",4,null,72,true,"89_5_CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","89_5_MARCO_6416397","MARCO_6416397","89_5_CAR_8af262c01e3c24acec0359c181411f5b6d744f66","CAR_8af262c01e3c24acec0359c181411f5b6d744f66",null,"How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","MARCO_6416397","89_5_MARCO_6416397","Learn more about this article. The Venus flytrap, as its name suggests, is able to catch and digest insects. Insects are attracted to the small traps by the bright pigment and the nectar secreted by a row of glands situated just below the teeth of the trap (5).ost carnivorous plants selectively feed on specific prey. This selection is due to the available prey and the type of trap used by the organism. With the Venus flytrap, prey is limited to beetles, spiders and other crawling arthropods.",4]
["How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","89_5","What do Venus flytraps use to attract, draw and trap their prey?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina. It catches its prey—chiefly insects and arachnids—with a trapping structure formed by the terminal portion of each of the plant's leaves, which is triggered by tiny hairs on their inner surfaces. When an insect or spider crawling along the leaves contacts a hair, the trap closes if a different hair is contacted within twenty seconds of the first strike. The requirement of redundant triggering in this mechanism serves as a safeguard against wasting energy by trapping objects with no nutritional value.",3,null,"How does a Venus flytrap catch insects?","And Venus Flytraps catch insects and digest them for the nutrients that they cannot get from soil. Here are a few interesting facts about Venus Flytraps: Venus Flytrap plants are not tropical plants. Venus Flytrap plants are native to North America.",0,null,"What are the hunting patterns of a venus flytrap?","Venus flytrap sea anemone is a passive suspension feeder, and orients itself on its often slender column so that it faces the upwelling current. Its pedal disc is small, and its tentacles are short compared to the large, concave oral disc, which is funnel or mushroom-shaped. It extends its tentacles in two rows, one reflexed back and one sloping forward, and collects food particles as they drift past. Although usually considered sessile, the Venus flytrap sea anemone sometimes moves, particularly as a juvenile.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","Mechanism of Trapping. The Venus flytrap is one of a very small group of plants capable of rapid movement. The trap employed by flytrap Venus is similar to the traps employed by the Telegraph plant, Mimosa, bladderworts and sundews. With the help of its trapping mechanism, the Venus flytrap catches its prey.",1,null,72,true,"89_5_CAR_8af262c01e3c24acec0359c181411f5b6d744f66","CAR_8af262c01e3c24acec0359c181411f5b6d744f66","89_5_MARCO_5503675","MARCO_5503675","89_5_CAR_d188554fca51e76092114d59d0dddc2c7413979e","CAR_d188554fca51e76092114d59d0dddc2c7413979e",null,"How do Venus flytraps attract and catch their prey?","MARCO_5503670","89_5_MARCO_5503670","Mechanism of Trapping. The Venus flytrap is one of a very small group of plants capable of rapid movement. The trap employed by flytrap Venus is similar to the traps employed by the Telegraph plant, Mimosa, bladderworts and sundews. With the help of its trapping mechanism, the Venus flytrap catches its prey.",1]
["What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","89_6","What other carnivorous plants are found naturally in North and South Carolina?","The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three \"trigger hairs\", bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the \"teeth\" on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.",0,null,"What predator plants are indigenous to North and South Carolina?","The Venus flytrap, Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina. It catches its preyâ€”chiefly insects and arachnidsâ€”with a trapping structure formed by the terminal portion of each of the plant's leaves, which is triggered by tiny hairs on their inner surfaces. When an insect or spider crawling along the leaves contacts a hair, the trap prepares to close, snapping shut only if another ...",0,null,"Can you name similar plants from the Venus flytrap native to North and South Carolina?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.he speed with which traps close can be used as an indicator of a plant's general health. Venus flytraps are not as humidity-dependent as are some other carnivorous plants, such as Nepenthes, Cephalotus, most Heliamphora, and some Drosera.",0,null,"What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three \"trigger hairs\", bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the \"teeth\" on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.",0,null,73,false,"89_6_CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","89_6_MARCO_2686276","MARCO_2686276","89_6_MARCO_2653125","MARCO_2653125",null,"What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","89_6_CAR_351105e2e8ae229daec2d3cefd4ecbce9a431285","The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three \"trigger hairs\", bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the \"teeth\" on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.",0]
["What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","89_6","What other carnivorous plants are found naturally in North and South Carolina?","Venus flytrap. The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",0,null,"What predator plants are indigenous to North and South Carolina?","Sarracenia jonesii is a species of pitcher plant discovered by Edgar T. Wherry which is endemic to the bogs in the mountains on the border between North Carolina and South Carolina. It is currently only found in ten locations: 4 in North Carolina and 6 in South Carolina. S. jonesii is listed as endangered by the US federal government.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"Can you name similar plants from the Venus flytrap native to North and South Carolina?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.he Venus flytrap is one of a very small group of plants capable of rapid movement, such as Mimosa, the Telegraph plant, sundews and bladderworts. The mechanism by which the trap snaps shut involves a complex interaction between elasticity, turgor and growth.",0,null,"What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","Venus flytrap. The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",0,null,73,false,"89_6_MARCO_2686281","MARCO_2686281","89_6_CAR_8d9a906491c11b258e556731599fa0b94ecac416","CAR_8d9a906491c11b258e556731599fa0b94ecac416","89_6_MARCO_8564339","MARCO_8564339",null,"What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","MARCO_2686281","89_6_MARCO_2686281","Venus flytrap. The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",0]
["What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","89_6","What other carnivorous plants are found naturally in North and South Carolina?","The Green Swamp is a swamp that lies in Brunswick and Columbus counties in North Carolina. The 15,907-acre swamp was designated a National Natural Landmark in 1974. The carnivorous plant known as the Venus Flytrap is found within this swamp, and it is important for other unique and endangered species. North Carolina laws prohibit the removal of these plants from their habitat. The wetlands support a rich ecology and are important as habitat along the Atlantic Flyway of migrating birds and other species.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What predator plants are indigenous to North and South Carolina?","Venus flytrap. The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",0,null,"Can you name similar plants from the Venus flytrap native to North and South Carolina?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.he Venus flytrap is one of a very small group of plants capable of rapid movement, such as Mimosa, the Telegraph plant, sundews and bladderworts.",0,null,"What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",0,null,73,false,"89_6_CAR_06a42e75bd1b5e9996f56e852f9e80ab0bf3711b","CAR_06a42e75bd1b5e9996f56e852f9e80ab0bf3711b","89_6_MARCO_2686281","MARCO_2686281","89_6_MARCO_6416398","MARCO_6416398",null,"What other carnivorous plants are native to North and South Carolina?","MARCO_2874178","89_6_MARCO_2874178","The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.",0]
["How do populations of predators and prey relate?","89_7","What are the relationships between the population of predators and prey?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",0,null,"How are predators and prey related in an ecosystem?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",0,null,"What is the relationship between the populations of prey and predators?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",0,null,"How do populations of predators and prey relate?","It is fairly clear that predators tend to lower the survival and fecundity of their prey, but on a higher level of organization, populations of predator and prey species also interact. It is obvious that predators depend on prey for survival, and this is reflected in predator populations being affected by changes in prey populations. It is not so obvious, however, that predators affect prey populations. Eating a prey organism may simply make room for another if the prey population is approaching its carrying capacity.",4,null,74,true,"89_7_MARCO_3503895","MARCO_3503895","89_7_MARCO_3503895","MARCO_3503895","89_7_MARCO_3503895","MARCO_3503895",null,"How do populations of predators and prey relate?","CAR_34b38a6a0b045595319863992a0a4cf3b53a6404","89_7_CAR_34b38a6a0b045595319863992a0a4cf3b53a6404","It is fairly clear that predators tend to lower the survival and fecundity of their prey, but on a higher level of organization, populations of predator and prey species also interact. It is obvious that predators depend on prey for survival, and this is reflected in predator populations being affected by changes in prey populations. It is not so obvious, however, that predators affect prey populations. Eating a prey organism may simply make room for another if the prey population is approaching its carrying capacity.",4]
["How do populations of predators and prey relate?","89_7","What are the relationships between the population of predators and prey?","The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.",0,null,"How are predators and prey related in an ecosystem?","Â· Predator is the dominant organism, while prey is the submissive organism of prey-predator interaction. Â· Prey has always a larger population compared to predator. Â· Prey species are more often herbivorous, while predators are always carnivores, but can be omnivorous sometimes. Predator completely depends on the prey for food. However, prey would not die in the absence of predators. Â· Predators control the population of prey, otherwise the prey species will get overpopulated, and the balance of the ecosystem will lose.",4,null,"What is the relationship between the populations of prey and predators?","The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.",0,null,"How do populations of predators and prey relate?","Predator-Prey Cycles. It is logical to expect the two populations to fluctuate in response to the density of one another. When the prey species is numerous, the number of predators will increase because there is more food to feed them and a higher population can be supported with available resources. As the number of predators begins to increase, the density of the prey population will decrease in response to increased rates of predation.",4,null,74,true,"89_7_CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","89_7_MARCO_3607698","MARCO_3607698","89_7_CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3","CAR_059536af0cf0be4c8cd1a59c3f60366da35b54c3",null,"How do populations of predators and prey relate?","MARCO_4951014","89_7_MARCO_4951014","Predator-Prey Cycles. It is logical to expect the two populations to fluctuate in response to the density of one another. When the prey species is numerous, the number of predators will increase because there is more food to feed them and a higher population can be supported with available resources. As the number of predators begins to increase, the density of the prey population will decrease in response to increased rates of predation.",4]
["How do populations of predators and prey relate?","89_7","What are the relationships between the population of predators and prey?","Since there are no other factors contributing to the number of prey, scientists are able to find many relationships between predator and prey. Such as which are more efficient during high and low prey densities, which predators are more effective during certain seasons and so on. ^ 1  Carbone, C., Teacher, A., and Rowcliffe, J. M. 2007. The Costs of Carnivory. ^ 2  Coley, P.D. et al. 1996. ^ 3  Gilg, Oliver et al. 2003. ^ 4  Kalka, Margareta et al.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"How are predators and prey related in an ecosystem?","Each species in an ecosystem is affected by the other species in that ecosystem. There are very few single prey-single predator relationships. Most prey are consumed by more than one predator, and most predators have more than one prey. Their relationships are also influenced by other environmental factors.  In most cases, if one species is removed from an ecosystem, other species will most likely be affected, up to the point of extinction.",3,null,"What is the relationship between the populations of prey and predators?","It is fairly clear that predators tend to lower the survival and fecundity of their prey, but on a higher level of organization, populations of predator and prey species also interact. It is obvious that predators depend on prey for survival, and this is reflected in predator populations being affected by changes in prey populations. It is not so obvious, however, that predators affect prey populations. Eating a prey organism may simply make room for another if the prey population is approaching its carrying capacity.",4,null,"How do populations of predators and prey relate?","This model is typical for revealing the dynamics of populations. As long as the population of the prey is on the rise, the predators population also rises, since they have enough to eat. But very soon the population of the predators becomes too large so that the hunting exceeds the recreation of the prey. This leads to a decrease in the prey’s population and as a consequence of this also to a decrease of predators population as they do not have enough food to feed the entire population.",4,null,74,true,"89_7_MARCO_4951018","MARCO_4951018","89_7_CAR_d468310735178e2618696e99bc12b8d4b788400b","CAR_d468310735178e2618696e99bc12b8d4b788400b","89_7_CAR_34b38a6a0b045595319863992a0a4cf3b53a6404","CAR_34b38a6a0b045595319863992a0a4cf3b53a6404",null,"How do populations of predators and prey relate?","CAR_d5cc3c0e4ba858a16b05332bb5338528904ffd14","89_7_CAR_d5cc3c0e4ba858a16b05332bb5338528904ffd14","This model is typical for revealing the dynamics of populations. As long as the population of the prey is on the rise, the predators population also rises, since they have enough to eat. But very soon the population of the predators becomes too large so that the hunting exceeds the recreation of the prey. This leads to a decrease in the prey’s population and as a consequence of this also to a decrease of predators population as they do not have enough food to feed the entire population.",4]
["Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","89_8","Why the reverse of predator and prey roles?","Algebraic equations and graphs were used to analyze data to reenact predator–prey reversal roles. The conclusion of this experiment showed that roles between species can reverse when the usual prey populations decrease to significantly low levels, causing the predators to decrease in population size also. Once this occurs, prey then begin to build up their population numbers and as they do, they prey on their original predators.",4,null,"Why do predators and prey switch their roles?","Prey switching is the concept that predators sometimes switch from primary prey to an alternative food source for various reasons. This is related to apostatic selection because when a rare morph is being selected for, it is going to increase in abundance in a specific population until it becomes recognized by a predator. Prey switching, therefore, seems to be a result of apostatic selection. Prey switching is related to prey preference as well as the abundance of the prey.",0,null,"Why does the predator become the prey?","The Predator Becomes the Prey is a showcase of the Metalcore sound Ice Nine Kills has been building over their last two releases The Predator EP and Safe Is Just a Shadow. The album was produced by Steve Sopchak at The Square Studio in Syracuse NY. It features guest vocals from Tyler Carter of Issues on the continuing saga \"What I Learned in Study Hall\".",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","Algebraic equations and graphs were used to analyze data to reenact predator–prey reversal roles. The conclusion of this experiment showed that roles between species can reverse when the usual prey populations decrease to significantly low levels, causing the predators to decrease in population size also. Once this occurs, prey then begin to build up their population numbers and as they do, they prey on their original predators.",4,null,75,false,"89_8_CAR_e9a143edb9f86d06c3c152951da1ee10453bef18","CAR_e9a143edb9f86d06c3c152951da1ee10453bef18","89_8_CAR_0060f52d67ca92b6d232be6f9d67f1ee629821a7","CAR_0060f52d67ca92b6d232be6f9d67f1ee629821a7","89_8_CAR_e6794ff00243d5f845372e299996b1008ad9ec5e","CAR_e6794ff00243d5f845372e299996b1008ad9ec5e",null,"Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","CAR_e9a143edb9f86d06c3c152951da1ee10453bef18","89_8_CAR_e9a143edb9f86d06c3c152951da1ee10453bef18","Algebraic equations and graphs were used to analyze data to reenact predator–prey reversal roles. The conclusion of this experiment showed that roles between species can reverse when the usual prey populations decrease to significantly low levels, causing the predators to decrease in population size also. Once this occurs, prey then begin to build up their population numbers and as they do, they prey on their original predators.",4]
["Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","89_8","Why the reverse of predator and prey roles?","Predator–prey reversal is a plot theme in numerous books and movies; it is one version of the story of the underdog who comes back from improbable odds and succeeds against a vastly superior foe, from Bram Stoker's Dracula to children's movies such as Monsters University.",0,null,"Why do predators and prey switch their roles?","Algebraic equations and graphs were used to analyze data to reenact predator–prey reversal roles. The conclusion of this experiment showed that roles between species can reverse when the usual prey populations decrease to significantly low levels, causing the predators to decrease in population size also. Once this occurs, prey then begin to build up their population numbers and as they do, they prey on their original predators.",4,null,"Why does the predator become the prey?","The Predator Becomes the Prey Is the third studio album and the follow up to the self-released The Predator EP by American metalcore band Ice Nine Kills. This is the first album released after signing with their current label Outerloop Records; a Fearless Records and Outerloop Management collaborative effort, formed November 8, 2013, Ice Nine Kills being their first signing.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","Predator–prey reversal is a biological interaction where an organism that is typically prey in the predation interaction instead  acts as the predator. A variety of interactions are considered a role reversal.One type is where the prey confronts its predator and the interaction ends with no feeding. Two competing predators may interact and the larger predator will prey on the smaller. Smaller organisms may prey on larger organisms. Changing population densities may trigger a role reversal. In addition, adult prey may attack juvenile predators.",4,null,75,false,"89_8_CAR_82ea07385a39d8b3e76738d775b5037ac56026cb","CAR_82ea07385a39d8b3e76738d775b5037ac56026cb","89_8_CAR_e9a143edb9f86d06c3c152951da1ee10453bef18","CAR_e9a143edb9f86d06c3c152951da1ee10453bef18","89_8_CAR_a8b9d3206775fc246228708d6ea4fb9daa6f157d","CAR_a8b9d3206775fc246228708d6ea4fb9daa6f157d",null,"Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","CAR_75c474e58bdb728896fb0bd474a0f5138846a2d8","89_8_CAR_75c474e58bdb728896fb0bd474a0f5138846a2d8","Predator–prey reversal is a biological interaction where an organism that is typically prey in the predation interaction instead  acts as the predator. A variety of interactions are considered a role reversal.One type is where the prey confronts its predator and the interaction ends with no feeding. Two competing predators may interact and the larger predator will prey on the smaller. Smaller organisms may prey on larger organisms. Changing population densities may trigger a role reversal. In addition, adult prey may attack juvenile predators.",4]
["Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","89_8","Why the reverse of predator and prey roles?","Predator–prey reversal is a biological interaction where an organism that is typically prey in the predation interaction instead  acts as the predator. A variety of interactions are considered a role reversal.One type is where the prey confronts its predator and the interaction ends with no feeding. Two competing predators may interact and the larger predator will prey on the smaller. Smaller organisms may prey on larger organisms. Changing population densities may trigger a role reversal. In addition, adult prey may attack juvenile predators.",4,null,"Why do predators and prey switch their roles?","Predator–prey reversal is a biological interaction where an organism that is typically prey in the predation interaction instead  acts as the predator. A variety of interactions are considered a role reversal.One type is where the prey confronts its predator and the interaction ends with no feeding. Two competing predators may interact and the larger predator will prey on the smaller. Smaller organisms may prey on larger organisms. Changing population densities may trigger a role reversal. In addition, adult prey may attack juvenile predators.",4,null,"Why does the predator become the prey?","When the prey are numerous, predators can reproduce rapidly. But this increase in turn increases the number of prey hunted and the population of the prey decreases. By becoming rarer prey, predators begin to starve and die of starvation, decreasing their population and easing the pressure on hunting prey. The prey (and in time predator) can then go back to rapidly reproducing as the cycle repeats itself.",0,null,"Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","According to Georgia Institute of Technology research, prey and predator roles have cycles where the prey population may increase, thereby causing the predator population to increase as well. But sometimes the predator population overwhelms the prey to the point of devastating the prey population, subsequently resulting in a devastation of the predator population. Some studies indicate that  the roles of each may become reversed to the point that prey begin to eat the predators.",4,null,75,false,"89_8_CAR_75c474e58bdb728896fb0bd474a0f5138846a2d8","CAR_75c474e58bdb728896fb0bd474a0f5138846a2d8","89_8_CAR_75c474e58bdb728896fb0bd474a0f5138846a2d8","CAR_75c474e58bdb728896fb0bd474a0f5138846a2d8","89_8_CAR_8ce498048524f1208e63b4cf559d3abcbee67797","CAR_8ce498048524f1208e63b4cf559d3abcbee67797",null,"Why would the roles of predator and prey reverse?","CAR_10a90d52de0763ca7d00296ab650eb0e0c0c0d0f","89_8_CAR_10a90d52de0763ca7d00296ab650eb0e0c0c0d0f","According to Georgia Institute of Technology research, prey and predator roles have cycles where the prey population may increase, thereby causing the predator population to increase as well. But sometimes the predator population overwhelms the prey to the point of devastating the prey population, subsequently resulting in a devastation of the predator population. Some studies indicate that  the roles of each may become reversed to the point that prey begin to eat the predators.",4]
["How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","89_9","How do carnivores and their prey affect biodiversity?","The term \"mesopredator release\" was first used by Soulé and colleagues in 1988 to describe a process whereby mid-sized carnivorous mammals became far more abundant after being \"released\" from the control of a larger carnivore. This, in turn, resulted in decreased populations of still smaller prey species, such as birds. This may lead to dramatic prey population decline, or even extinction, especially on islands. This process arises when mammalian top predators are considered to be the most influential factor on trophic structure and biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems.  Top predators may feed on herbivores and kill predators in lower trophic levels as well.  Thus, reduction in the abundance of top predators may cause the medium-sized predator population to increase, therefore having a negative effect on the underlying prey community.  The mesopredator release hypothesis offers an explanation for the abnormally high numbers of mesopredators and the decline in prey abundance and diversity.  The hypothesis supports the argument for conservation of top predators because they protect smaller prey species that are in danger of extinction.  This argument has been a subject of interest within conservation biology for years, but few studies have adequately documented the phenomenon.",4,null,"Why is the predator and prey relationship important to an ecosystem?","This interdependence is important for maintaining the health of ecosystems. Predators help to control prey populations, which in turn protects resources â€“ such as food supplies for plant eating prey animals. It is important to note that there are many contributing factors that affect the balance in an ecosystem.Disease, environmental changes and human involvement also affect the number of predators, prey, and resources.t is important to note that there are many contributing factors that affect the balance in an ecosystem. Disease, environmental changes and human involvement also affect the number of predators, prey, and resources.",2,null,"How do prey and predators influence an ecosystem?","This interdependence is important for maintaining the health of ecosystems. Predators help to control prey populations, which in turn protects resources â€“ such as food supplies for plant eating prey animals. It is important to note that there are many contributing factors that affect the balance in an ecosystem.Disease, environmental changes and human involvement also affect the number of predators, prey, and resources.t is important to note that there are many contributing factors that affect the balance in an ecosystem. Disease, environmental changes and human involvement also affect the number of predators, prey, and resources.",2,null,"How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","Predators may increase the biodiversity of communities by preventing a single species from becoming dominant. Such predators are known as keystone species and may have a profound influence on the balance of organisms in a particular ecosystem.  Introduction or removal of this predator, or changes in its population density, can have drastic cascading effects on the equilibrium of many other populations in the ecosystem. For example, grazers of a grassland may prevent a single dominant species from taking over.",4,null,76,true,"89_9_CAR_dedf1b616dbd309051f9257bb5f11e0af751b749","CAR_dedf1b616dbd309051f9257bb5f11e0af751b749","89_9_MARCO_4751491","MARCO_4751491","89_9_MARCO_4751491","MARCO_4751491",null,"How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","CAR_6133b235d61645802eabbf260f168f173a6f6a05","89_9_CAR_6133b235d61645802eabbf260f168f173a6f6a05","Predators may increase the biodiversity of communities by preventing a single species from becoming dominant. Such predators are known as keystone species and may have a profound influence on the balance of organisms in a particular ecosystem.  Introduction or removal of this predator, or changes in its population density, can have drastic cascading effects on the equilibrium of many other populations in the ecosystem. For example, grazers of a grassland may prevent a single dominant species from taking over.",4]
["How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","89_9","How do carnivores and their prey affect biodiversity?","Large carnivores are particularly affected by habitat fragmentation.  These mammals, such as brown bears and wolves, require large areas of land with relatively intact habitat to survive as individuals.  Much larger areas are required to maintain a sustainable population.  They may also serve as keystone species, regulating the populations of the species they prey on.  Thus, their conservation has direct implications for a wide range of species, and is difficult to accomplish politically due to the large size of the areas they need (Paquet 1996).  With increasing development, these species in particular are at risk, which could have effects that carry down throughout the ecosystem.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Why is the predator and prey relationship important to an ecosystem?","Importance: Predators and prey can influence one another's evolution. Traits that enhance a predator's ability to find and capture prey will be selected for in the predator, while traits that enhance the prey's ability to avoid being eaten will be selected for in the prey.",1,null,"How do prey and predators influence an ecosystem?","Importance: Predators and prey can influence one another's evolution. Traits that enhance a predator's ability to find and capture prey will be selected for in the predator, while traits that enhance the prey's ability to avoid being eaten will be selected for in the prey.",1,null,"How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","Importance: Predators and prey can influence one another's evolution. Traits that enhance a predator's ability to find and capture prey will be selected for in the predator, while traits that enhance the prey's ability to avoid being eaten will be selected for in the prey.",1,null,76,true,"89_9_CAR_a877bf1334798d3c8fa1ebc578305cb2238c4cfa","CAR_a877bf1334798d3c8fa1ebc578305cb2238c4cfa","89_9_MARCO_4441043","MARCO_4441043","89_9_MARCO_4441043","MARCO_4441043",null,"How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","MARCO_4441043","89_9_MARCO_4441043","Importance: Predators and prey can influence one another's evolution. Traits that enhance a predator's ability to find and capture prey will be selected for in the predator, while traits that enhance the prey's ability to avoid being eaten will be selected for in the prey.",1]
["How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","89_9","How do carnivores and their prey affect biodiversity?","No surveys or studies dealing with the aspects such as distribution, abundance and ecology of mammals especially carnivores and their prey populations have been carried out. Unregulated anthropogenic activities probably influenced the habitat preference and response of wildlife therein. This emphasizes the need for the accounting and monitoring the carnivores and its prey in this area. Most of the previous studies in western Himalaya are carried out mostly within Protected Areas; Bhilangana Valley being a Reserve Forest area is accessible to the local and Gujjar communities for extractive uses and thus forms an impacted habitat for wildlife, particularly carnivores and their prey. Therefore this study was important to provide baseline information on species distribution, anthropogenic pressure and species occupancy in different habitats of the valley. This information will be extremely useful to monitor the carnivores and their prey in the valley and to regulate the anthropogenic pressure in future.Location and topography",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why is the predator and prey relationship important to an ecosystem?","The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit.",0,null,"How do prey and predators influence an ecosystem?","Predators may increase the biodiversity of communities by preventing a single species from becoming dominant. Such predators are known as keystone species and may have a profound influence on the balance of organisms in a particular ecosystem.  Introduction or removal of this predator, or changes in its population density, can have drastic cascading effects on the equilibrium of many other populations in the ecosystem. For example, grazers of a grassland may prevent a single dominant species from taking over.",4,null,"How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","Predators are important not only because they create biodiversity, but also because they indicate biodiversity. 9 In addition to regulating natural systems as described above, predators (especially large predators) serve as a measure of the health of communities around them.he importance of this predator impact cannot be overstated, because the composition of plant species in any natural area is an important regulating factor of the ecosystemâ€™s functioning. 3 These impacts are occurring around the clock in every terrestrial and marine ecosystem.",2,null,76,true,"89_9_CAR_73653cef00e78458b93afc22f4069f11bc3b9c39","CAR_73653cef00e78458b93afc22f4069f11bc3b9c39","89_9_MARCO_3503895","MARCO_3503895","89_9_CAR_6133b235d61645802eabbf260f168f173a6f6a05","CAR_6133b235d61645802eabbf260f168f173a6f6a05",null,"How do predators and prey influence biodiversity?","MARCO_4751487","89_9_MARCO_4751487","Predators are important not only because they create biodiversity, but also because they indicate biodiversity. 9 In addition to regulating natural systems as described above, predators (especially large predators) serve as a measure of the health of communities around them.he importance of this predator impact cannot be overstated, because the composition of plant species in any natural area is an important regulating factor of the ecosystemâ€™s functioning. 3 These impacts are occurring around the clock in every terrestrial and marine ecosystem.",2]
["What are examples of apex predators?","89_10","What are some known apex predators?","The Apex Predator of the Himalayas. Often referred to as the â€œGhost of the Mountains,â€\u009d the snow leopard is an elusive big cat that reigns among the peaks of the Himalayas. Snow leopards act as an ambassador of the planetâ€™s highest places and are considered sacred by the people who live there. As an apex predator, the presence of this big cat indicates a healthy ecosystem.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"Can you give me some examples of apex predators?","A now commonly cited example of the effect of apex predators on an ecosystem is the dramatic changes in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem recorded after the gray wolf was reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park in 1995.",4,null,"What are some representations of apex predators in a food chain?","An apex predator, also known as an alpha predator or apical predator, is a predator residing at the top of a food chain upon which no other creatures prey. Apex predators are usually defined in terms of trophic dynamics, meaning that apex-predator species occupy the highest trophic level or levels and play a crucial role in maintaining the health of their ecosystems. One study of marine food webs defined apex predators as greater than trophic level four. The apex predator concept is commonly applied in wildlife management, conservation and ecotourism.",1,null,"What are examples of apex predators?","A now commonly cited example of the effect of apex predators on an ecosystem is the dramatic changes in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem recorded after the gray wolf was reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park in 1995.",4,null,77,false,"89_10_MARCO_8164531","MARCO_8164531","89_10_MARCO_4358410","MARCO_4358410","89_10_CAR_5239c787229b83f95c8668e5b282e1ee5e587078","CAR_5239c787229b83f95c8668e5b282e1ee5e587078",null,"What are examples of apex predators?","MARCO_4358410","89_10_MARCO_4358410","A now commonly cited example of the effect of apex predators on an ecosystem is the dramatic changes in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem recorded after the gray wolf was reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park in 1995.",4]
["What are examples of apex predators?","89_10","What are some known apex predators?","Well-known species such as the great white shark, tiger shark, blue shark, mako shark, and the hammerhead shark are apex predators—organisms at the top of their underwater food chain. Many shark populations are threatened by human activities.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"Can you give me some examples of apex predators?","Though few reptiles today are apex predators, many examples of apex reptiles have existed in the past. Reptiles have an extremely diverse evolutionary history that has led to biological successes, such as dinosaurs, pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs, and ichthyosaurs.",4,null,"What are some representations of apex predators in a food chain?","An apex predator, also known as an alpha predator or apical predator, is a predator residing at the top of a food chain upon which no other creatures prey. Apex predators are usually defined in terms of trophic dynamics, meaning that apex-predator species occupy the highest trophic level or levels and play a crucial role in maintaining the health of their ecosystems. One study of marine food webs defined apex predators as greater than trophic level four.",1,null,"What are examples of apex predators?","Though few reptiles today are apex predators, many examples of apex reptiles have existed in the past. Reptiles have an extremely diverse evolutionary history that has led to biological successes, such as dinosaurs, pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs, and ichthyosaurs.",4,null,77,false,"89_10_CAR_7f29549bd2f44d51c141c4da53a32872d229838b","CAR_7f29549bd2f44d51c141c4da53a32872d229838b","89_10_CAR_f48017db7ee153632888d45e3632431ee81db275","CAR_f48017db7ee153632888d45e3632431ee81db275","89_10_MARCO_8066418","MARCO_8066418",null,"What are examples of apex predators?","CAR_f48017db7ee153632888d45e3632431ee81db275","89_10_CAR_f48017db7ee153632888d45e3632431ee81db275","Though few reptiles today are apex predators, many examples of apex reptiles have existed in the past. Reptiles have an extremely diverse evolutionary history that has led to biological successes, such as dinosaurs, pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs, and ichthyosaurs.",4]
["What are examples of apex predators?","89_10","What are some known apex predators?","Apex predators affect prey species' population dynamics. Where two competing species are in an ecologically unstable relationship, apex predators tend to create stability if they prey upon both. Inter-predator relationships are also affected by apex status. Non-native fish, for example, have been known to devastate formerly dominant predators. One lake manipulation study found that when the non-native smallmouth bass was removed, lake trout, the suppressed native apex predator, diversified its prey selection and increased its trophic level.",4,null,"Can you give me some examples of apex predators?","The apex predator concept is commonly applied in wildlife management, conservation and ecotourism. Food chains are often far shorter on land, with their apices usually limited to the third trophic level â€“ for example, giant constrictor snakes, hyenas, varanid lizards, wolves, humans, or big cats preying mostly upon large herbivores.",1,null,"What are some representations of apex predators in a food chain?","The apex predator concept is commonly applied in wildlife management, conservation and ecotourism. Food chains are often far shorter on land, with their apices usually limited to the third trophic level â€“ for example, giant constrictor snakes, hyenas, varanid lizards, wolves, humans, or big cats preying mostly upon large herbivores.",1,null,"What are examples of apex predators?","The apex predator concept is commonly applied in wildlife management, conservation and ecotourism. Food chains are often far shorter on land, with their apices usually limited to the third trophic level â€“ for example, giant constrictor snakes, hyenas, varanid lizards, wolves, humans, or big cats preying mostly upon large herbivores.",1,null,77,false,"89_10_CAR_687e2f172136457f76c7446807568880b361fb90","CAR_687e2f172136457f76c7446807568880b361fb90","89_10_MARCO_8066420","MARCO_8066420","89_10_MARCO_8066420","MARCO_8066420",null,"What are examples of apex predators?","MARCO_8066420","89_10_MARCO_8066420","The apex predator concept is commonly applied in wildlife management, conservation and ecotourism. Food chains are often far shorter on land, with their apices usually limited to the third trophic level â€“ for example, giant constrictor snakes, hyenas, varanid lizards, wolves, humans, or big cats preying mostly upon large herbivores.",1]
["Why would humans be considered apex predators?","89_11","Why are humans considered apex predators?","The question of whether or not homo sapiens qualifies as an apex predator is a complex one that has been subject to various analyses for years. The highly varied environments that human beings have lived in (and continue to live in) coupled with the similarly highly varied behaviors of human cultures towards animals make generalizations particularly difficult; though as omnivores that far and away consume more plant matter than meat, humans have the organized ability to drive other species into extinction as well as threatened status vastly unlike any other animal. The topic has been explored in publications such as the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and Scientific American, with disputed results.",4,null,"Are humans apex predators? If so, why?","The question of whether or not homo sapiens qualifies as an apex predator is a complex one that has been subject to various analyses for years. The highly varied environments that human beings have lived in (and continue to live in) coupled with the similarly highly varied behaviors of human cultures towards animals make generalizations particularly difficult; though as omnivores that far and away consume more plant matter than meat, humans have the organized ability to drive other species into extinction as well as threatened status vastly unlike any other animal. The topic has been explored in publications such as the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and Scientific American, with disputed results.",4,null,"Why are humans considered a predator?","Humans range from complete vegetarians to nearly-complete carnivores, so the status of humans even as predators is often suspect even if armed humans are extremely dangerous to any animal. When hunting with firearms, dogs, falcons, or such tools as spears, snares, clubs, or fishing gear, humans are at least local superpredators along with their dogs.",2,null,"Why would humans be considered apex predators?","The question of whether or not homo sapiens qualifies as an apex predator is a complex one that has been subject to various analyses for years. The highly varied environments that human beings have lived in (and continue to live in) coupled with the similarly highly varied behaviors of human cultures towards animals make generalizations particularly difficult; though as omnivores that far and away consume more plant matter than meat, humans have the organized ability to drive other species into extinction as well as threatened status vastly unlike any other animal. The topic has been explored in publications such as the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and Scientific American, with disputed results.",4,null,78,true,"89_11_CAR_e032451d2211733d3f6fdbf67fe0e0aa016c81ce","CAR_e032451d2211733d3f6fdbf67fe0e0aa016c81ce","89_11_CAR_e032451d2211733d3f6fdbf67fe0e0aa016c81ce","CAR_e032451d2211733d3f6fdbf67fe0e0aa016c81ce","89_11_CAR_de8d1043f31a9d2c4dd88bb60969a853874f3f9c","CAR_de8d1043f31a9d2c4dd88bb60969a853874f3f9c",null,"Why would humans be considered apex predators?","CAR_e032451d2211733d3f6fdbf67fe0e0aa016c81ce","89_11_CAR_e032451d2211733d3f6fdbf67fe0e0aa016c81ce","The question of whether or not homo sapiens qualifies as an apex predator is a complex one that has been subject to various analyses for years. The highly varied environments that human beings have lived in (and continue to live in) coupled with the similarly highly varied behaviors of human cultures towards animals make generalizations particularly difficult; though as omnivores that far and away consume more plant matter than meat, humans have the organized ability to drive other species into extinction as well as threatened status vastly unlike any other animal. The topic has been explored in publications such as the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and Scientific American, with disputed results.",4]
["Why would humans be considered apex predators?","89_11","Why are humans considered apex predators?","It has been noted, in the face of such evidence, Homo sapiens is unique in its ecology as an unprecedented 'global superpredator', regularly preying on large numbers of fully grown terrestrial and marine apex predators, and with a great deal of influence over food webs and climatic systems worldwide.",4,null,"Are humans apex predators? If so, why?","It has been noted, in the face of such evidence, Homo sapiens is unique in its ecology as an unprecedented 'global superpredator', regularly preying on large numbers of fully grown terrestrial and marine apex predators, and with a great deal of influence over food webs and climatic systems worldwide.",4,null,"Why are humans considered a predator?","Answer Predators are any animals that hunt and eat other animals (prey). There are some plants, such as the Venus Fly Trap, that eat bugs. Humans are predators, and our pets â€¦ are. Sometimes we are the prey, such as with tigers, lions and crocodiles. Like the guy earlier said, predators are animals that eat other animals, however, the human is not a predator, but an omnivore, which means we eat plant and animal matter.   Something that eats animals.",2,null,"Why would humans be considered apex predators?","It has been noted, in the face of such evidence, Homo sapiens is unique in its ecology as an unprecedented 'global superpredator', regularly preying on large numbers of fully grown terrestrial and marine apex predators, and with a great deal of influence over food webs and climatic systems worldwide.",4,null,78,true,"89_11_CAR_a83f358913e239e31a6fbac8201d08c1b27a12e4","CAR_a83f358913e239e31a6fbac8201d08c1b27a12e4","89_11_CAR_a83f358913e239e31a6fbac8201d08c1b27a12e4","CAR_a83f358913e239e31a6fbac8201d08c1b27a12e4","89_11_MARCO_1712829","MARCO_1712829",null,"Why would humans be considered apex predators?","CAR_a83f358913e239e31a6fbac8201d08c1b27a12e4","89_11_CAR_a83f358913e239e31a6fbac8201d08c1b27a12e4","It has been noted, in the face of such evidence, Homo sapiens is unique in its ecology as an unprecedented 'global superpredator', regularly preying on large numbers of fully grown terrestrial and marine apex predators, and with a great deal of influence over food webs and climatic systems worldwide.",4]
["Why would humans be considered apex predators?","89_11","Why are humans considered apex predators?","An apex predator, also known as an alpha predator or apical predator, is a predator residing at the top of a food chain upon which no other creatures prey. Apex predators are usually defined in terms of trophic dynamics, meaning that apex-predator species occupy the highest trophic level or levels and play a crucial role in maintaining the health of their ecosystems. One study of marine food webs defined apex predators as greater than trophic level four. The apex predator concept is commonly applied in wildlife management, conservation and ecotourism.",0,null,"Are humans apex predators? If so, why?","Fishing has had a devastating effect on marine organism populations for several centuries even before the explosion of destructive and highly effective fishing practices like trawling. Humans are unique among predators in that they regularly predate on other adult apex predators, particularly in marine environments; bluefin tuna, blue whales, and various sharks in particular are particularly vulnerable to predation pressure from human fishing. A 2016 study published in Science concludes that humans tend to hunt larger species, and this could disrupt ocean ecosystems for millions of years. Jonathan Payne, associate professor and chair of geological sciences at Stanford University, explains: \"If this pattern goes unchecked, the future oceans would lack many of the largest species in today’s oceans. Many large species play critical roles in ecosystems and so their extinctions could lead to ecological cascades that would influence the structure and function of future ecosystems beyond the simple fact of losing those species.\"",4,null,"Why are humans considered a predator?","A predator is an animal that eats other animals â€” or people or companies who act like they do. Lions are predators, but so are pickpockets and some giant corporations. The word predator started out referring to insects that ate other insects, but has grown to include any animal that eats another animal. We humans like to think of ourselves as the top of the food chain, but scary movies love to disagree, like in the 1987 movie Predator, where creepy aliens try to kill and eat us. Predators don't have to kill and eat you, though; they can also just take your stuff.",0,null,"Why would humans be considered apex predators?","Fishing has had a devastating effect on marine organism populations for several centuries even before the explosion of destructive and highly effective fishing practices like trawling. Humans are unique among predators in that they regularly predate on other adult apex predators, particularly in marine environments; bluefin tuna, blue whales, and various sharks in particular are particularly vulnerable to predation pressure from human fishing. A 2016 study published in Science concludes that humans tend to hunt larger species, and this could disrupt ocean ecosystems for millions of years. Jonathan Payne, associate professor and chair of geological sciences at Stanford University, explains: \"If this pattern goes unchecked, the future oceans would lack many of the largest species in today’s oceans. Many large species play critical roles in ecosystems and so their extinctions could lead to ecological cascades that would influence the structure and function of future ecosystems beyond the simple fact of losing those species.\"",4,null,78,true,"89_11_CAR_5239c787229b83f95c8668e5b282e1ee5e587078","CAR_5239c787229b83f95c8668e5b282e1ee5e587078","89_11_CAR_c34c2ee7e7948ba6aaa8a3458dc745b96ed98955","CAR_c34c2ee7e7948ba6aaa8a3458dc745b96ed98955","89_11_MARCO_3761188","MARCO_3761188",null,"Why would humans be considered apex predators?","CAR_c34c2ee7e7948ba6aaa8a3458dc745b96ed98955","89_11_CAR_c34c2ee7e7948ba6aaa8a3458dc745b96ed98955","Fishing has had a devastating effect on marine organism populations for several centuries even before the explosion of destructive and highly effective fishing practices like trawling. Humans are unique among predators in that they regularly predate on other adult apex predators, particularly in marine environments; bluefin tuna, blue whales, and various sharks in particular are particularly vulnerable to predation pressure from human fishing. A 2016 study published in Science concludes that humans tend to hunt larger species, and this could disrupt ocean ecosystems for millions of years. Jonathan Payne, associate professor and chair of geological sciences at Stanford University, explains: \"If this pattern goes unchecked, the future oceans would lack many of the largest species in today’s oceans. Many large species play critical roles in ecosystems and so their extinctions could lead to ecological cascades that would influence the structure and function of future ecosystems beyond the simple fact of losing those species.\"",4]
["Which is the biggest commercial plane?","90_1","What is the largest passenger jet?","The world's largest passenger jet, Airbus A380, landed for the first time Monday afternoon at DFW International Airport. The largest passenger jet in the world, the Airbus A380, landed Monday at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport, completing the longest currently flown nonstop route in the world.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What's the biggest passenger airplane?","The biggest passenger airplanes in the world. Airbus and Boeing currently build the biggest passenger airplanes in the world, with the mighty Airbus A380-800 and its rival the Boeing 777-300, while Russia's Ilyushin also stands out as the only other company to make the list.",3,null,"What is the largest passenger aircraft?","Take a look at the list of the largest passenger aircraft in the world! The Airbus A340 300 is a passenger airplane made in France. It was first manufactured in 1993 and can accommodate 295 passengers in a single-class seat arrangement and 267 in two-class system.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Which is the biggest commercial plane?","Perfect landing: The world's biggest passenger plane, the Airbus A380, completes its first commercial flight to Europe at Heathrow Airport today.",4,null,79,false,"90_1_MARCO_3659756","MARCO_3659756","90_1_MARCO_3410741","MARCO_3410741","90_1_MARCO_4811482","MARCO_4811482",null,"Which is the biggest commercial plane?","MARCO_4811476","90_1_MARCO_4811476","Perfect landing: The world's biggest passenger plane, the Airbus A380, completes its first commercial flight to Europe at Heathrow Airport today.",4]
["Which is the biggest commercial plane?","90_1","What is the largest passenger jet?","The world's largest passenger jet, Airbus A380, landed for the first time Monday afternoon at DFW International Airport. (Published Tuesday, Sept. 30, 2014) The largest passenger jet in the world, the Airbus A380, landed Monday at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport, completing the longest currently flown nonstop route in the world.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What's the biggest passenger airplane?","The biggest passenger aircraft in the world is the Airbus A380â€“800 with a whopping 79.75 meter wingspan, a 24.09 meter height and a 72.72m length from nose to tail. It can comfortably accommodate over 500 passengers on a journey of about 15700 kilometers!",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What is the largest passenger aircraft?","In my opinion, I think that the Airbus A380 is the biggest passenger carrying aircraft ever made. The largest aircraft ever made is probably the LZ 129 Hindenburg. Harris Wild, BS Chemistry, Tufts University.",0,null,"Which is the biggest commercial plane?","6. Number 6: Boeing 747 - Boeing 747 is the 6th biggest commercial aircraft built in the United States, and not only that the longest passenger aircraft in the globe. This is one of the biggest member of Boeings family possess the huge development and also most sold air craft.",0,null,79,false,"90_1_MARCO_3659759","MARCO_3659759","90_1_MARCO_3046232","MARCO_3046232","90_1_MARCO_2039364","MARCO_2039364",null,"Which is the biggest commercial plane?","MARCO_3123533","90_1_MARCO_3123533","6. Number 6: Boeing 747 - Boeing 747 is the 6th biggest commercial aircraft built in the United States, and not only that the longest passenger aircraft in the globe. This is one of the biggest member of Boeings family possess the huge development and also most sold air craft.",0]
["Which is the biggest commercial plane?","90_1","What is the largest passenger jet?","Airbus A380: Taking the Largest Passenger Jet for a Test Drive. Aboard Lufthansa Flight 8942, March 21â€”It took a mere 16 seconds for the largest airplane in the world to lift off runway 4L at JFK International Airport.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What's the biggest passenger airplane?","Perfect landing: The world's biggest passenger plane, the Airbus A380, completes its first commercial flight to Europe at Heathrow Airport today.",4,null,"What is the largest passenger aircraft?","On 27 January 2014 the world's largest passenger aircraft, an Airbus A380-800 of British Airways landed at KSIA becoming the first A380 to do so. The aircraft was being used for training and operated many flights in and out of the airport until 4 February 2014. The aircraft also returned for further pilot training between 29 August and 1 September the same year.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"Which is the biggest commercial plane?","The airliner that holds the current record of highest passenger capacity is the Airbus A380. The Airbus A380 is a four-engine aircraft and is the largest commercial plane in the world. The A380 took the first flight in April 2005 and commercial service began in October 25th, 2007 with Singapore Airlines.",4,null,79,false,"90_1_MARCO_7324507","MARCO_7324507","90_1_MARCO_4811476","MARCO_4811476","90_1_CAR_8b7344ac3d5c4218ffa16cde55e30fc16d1ba69f","CAR_8b7344ac3d5c4218ffa16cde55e30fc16d1ba69f",null,"Which is the biggest commercial plane?","MARCO_4698523","90_1_MARCO_4698523","The airliner that holds the current record of highest passenger capacity is the Airbus A380. The Airbus A380 is a four-engine aircraft and is the largest commercial plane in the world. The A380 took the first flight in April 2005 and commercial service began in October 25th, 2007 with Singapore Airlines.",4]
["What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","90_2","What are the costs of flying an Airbus A380?","The Airbus A380, the largest passenger jet, costs between $26,000 and $29,000 per hour, using roughly $17,467 of fuel, approximately $40.19 to $44.82 per mile. The engines on these aircraft account for 5% of the operating expenses.",4,null,"How much will the A380 cost operationally?","The Airbus A380, the largest passenger jet, costs between $26,000 and $29,000 per hour, using roughly $17,467 of fuel, approximately $40.19 to $44.82 per mile. The engines on these aircraft account for 5% of the operating expenses.",4,null,"What is the total cost of operating the Airbus A380?","The Airbus A380, the largest passenger jet, costs between $26,000 and $29,000 per hour, using roughly $17,467 of fuel, approximately $40.19 to $44.82 per mile. The engines on these aircraft account for 5% of the operating expenses.",4,null,"What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","The Airbus A380, the largest passenger jet, costs between $26,000 and $29,000 per hour, using roughly $17,467 of fuel, approximately $40.19 to $44.82 per mile. The engines on these aircraft account for 5% of the operating expenses.",4,null,80,true,"90_2_MARCO_8644317","MARCO_8644317","90_2_MARCO_8644317","MARCO_8644317","90_2_MARCO_8644317","MARCO_8644317",null,"What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","MARCO_8644317","90_2_MARCO_8644317","The Airbus A380, the largest passenger jet, costs between $26,000 and $29,000 per hour, using roughly $17,467 of fuel, approximately $40.19 to $44.82 per mile. The engines on these aircraft account for 5% of the operating expenses.",4]
["What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","90_2","What are the costs of flying an Airbus A380?","For each passenger under the maximum amount, add that much more cargo, which earns significantly more per pound than carrying passengers does. All costs added together, an A380 costs about $65,000 per hour to operate. On a 12 hour flight, that's about $780,000.The revenue generated is typically in excess of $1 million.ow much fuel does airbus a380 use in 12 hours flight at what cost? Update: Thanks who, I will fly to Dubai, my business class ticket cost $9543, I think the economy ticket cost about $900.",0,null,"How much will the A380 cost operationally?","For each passenger under the maximum amount, add that much more cargo, which earns significantly more per pound than carrying passengers does. All costs added together, an A380 costs about $65,000 per hour to operate. On a 12 hour flight, that's about $780,000.The revenue generated is typically in excess of $1 million.ow much fuel does airbus a380 use in 12 hours flight at what cost? Update: Thanks who, I will fly to Dubai, my business class ticket cost $9543, I think the economy ticket cost about $900.",0,null,"What is the total cost of operating the Airbus A380?","Compared to the average Turbofan-powered Wide-body Commercial Passenger Plane, which costs $34.16* per nautical mile and 11.38Â¢* per seat per nautical mile to operate, the Airbus A380-800 is: 1  $25.57 more expensive per nautical mile (a 75% premium). 2  0.01Â¢ more expensive per seat per nautical mile (a 0% premium).",0,null,"What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","Compared to the average Turbofan-powered Wide-body Commercial Passenger Plane, which costs $34.16* per nautical mile and 11.38Â¢* per seat per nautical mile to operate, the Airbus A380-800 is: 1  $25.57 more expensive per nautical mile (a 75% premium). 2  0.01Â¢ more expensive per seat per nautical mile (a 0% premium).",0,null,80,true,"90_2_MARCO_2259488","MARCO_2259488","90_2_MARCO_2259488","MARCO_2259488","90_2_MARCO_5635466","MARCO_5635466",null,"What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","MARCO_5635466","90_2_MARCO_5635466","Compared to the average Turbofan-powered Wide-body Commercial Passenger Plane, which costs $34.16* per nautical mile and 11.38Â¢* per seat per nautical mile to operate, the Airbus A380-800 is: 1  $25.57 more expensive per nautical mile (a 75% premium). 2  0.01Â¢ more expensive per seat per nautical mile (a 0% premium).",0]
["What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","90_2","What are the costs of flying an Airbus A380?","Compared to the average Turbofan-powered Wide-body Commercial Passenger Plane, which costs $34.16* per nautical mile and 11.38Â¢* per seat per nautical mile to operate, the Airbus A380-800 is: 1  $25.57 more expensive per nautical mile (a 75% premium). 2  0.01Â¢ more expensive per seat per nautical mile (a 0% premium).",0,null,"How much will the A380 cost operationally?","An A380's hourly cost is about $26,000, or around $50 per seat hour, which compares to $44 per seat hour for a Boeing 777-300ER, and $90  per seat hour for a Boeing 747-400 as of November 2015.",3,null,"What is the total cost of operating the Airbus A380?","For each passenger under the maximum amount, add that much more cargo, which earns significantly more per pound than carrying passengers does. All costs added together, an A380 costs about $65,000 per hour to operate. On a 12 hour flight, that's about $780,000.The revenue generated is typically in excess of $1 million.ow much fuel does airbus a380 use in 12 hours flight at what cost? Update: Thanks who, I will fly to Dubai, my business class ticket cost $9543, I think the economy ticket cost about $900.",0,null,"What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","Compared to the average Turbofan-powered Wide-body Commercial Passenger Plane, which costs $34.16* per nautical mile and 11.38Â¢* per seat per nautical mile to operate, the Airbus A380-800 is: 1  $25.57 more expensive per nautical mile (a 75% premium).",0,null,80,true,"90_2_MARCO_5635466","MARCO_5635466","90_2_CAR_2009e284147a922cf231442b5851dffd3dc39083","CAR_2009e284147a922cf231442b5851dffd3dc39083","90_2_MARCO_2259488","MARCO_2259488",null,"What are the operational costs of the Airbus A380?","MARCO_5635468","90_2_MARCO_5635468","Compared to the average Turbofan-powered Wide-body Commercial Passenger Plane, which costs $34.16* per nautical mile and 11.38Â¢* per seat per nautical mile to operate, the Airbus A380-800 is: 1  $25.57 more expensive per nautical mile (a 75% premium).",0]
["How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","90_3","What are the average fuel needs of an airbus A380? How does it compare to its competitors?","Rival performance claims by Airbus and Boeing appear to be contradictory, their methodologies unclear and neither are validated by a third party source.  Boeing claims the 747-8I to be over 10% lighter per seat and have 11% less fuel consumption per passenger, with a trip-cost reduction of 21% and a seat-mile cost reduction of more than 6%, compared to the A380. The 747-8F's empty weight is expected to be 80 tonnes (88 tons) lighter and 24% lower fuel burnt per ton with 21% lower trip costs and 23% lower ton-mile costs than the A380F. On the other hand, Airbus claims the A380 to have 8% less fuel consumption per passenger than the 747-8I and in 2007 Singapore Airlines CEO Chew Choong Seng stated the A380 was performing better than both the airline and Airbus had anticipated, burning 20% less fuel per passenger than the airline's 747-400 fleet. Emirates' Tim Clark also claims that the A380 is more fuel economic at Mach 0.86 than at 0.83. One independent, industry analysis shows fuel consumption in litres per seat per 100 kilometres flown (L/seat/100 km) as 3.27 for the A380 and 3.35 for the B747-8I, or a fuel cost per seat mile of $0.055 and $0.057 respectively. A possible, as yet uncommitted, re-engined A380neo is expected to achieve  2.82 or 2.65 L/seat/100 km depending on the options taken.",0,null,"How does the Airbus A380's fuel efficiency compare to other airliners in the same class?","Rival performance claims by Airbus and Boeing appear to be contradictory, their methodologies unclear and neither are validated by a third party source.  Boeing claims the 747-8I to be over 10% lighter per seat and have 11% less fuel consumption per passenger, with a trip-cost reduction of 21% and a seat-mile cost reduction of more than 6%, compared to the A380. The 747-8F's empty weight is expected to be 80 tonnes (88 tons) lighter and 24% lower fuel burnt per ton with 21% lower trip costs and 23% lower ton-mile costs than the A380F. On the other hand, Airbus claims the A380 to have 8% less fuel consumption per passenger than the 747-8I and in 2007 Singapore Airlines CEO Chew Choong Seng stated the A380 was performing better than both the airline and Airbus had anticipated, burning 20% less fuel per passenger than the airline's 747-400 fleet. Emirates' Tim Clark also claims that the A380 is more fuel economic at Mach 0.86 than at 0.83. One independent, industry analysis shows fuel consumption in litres per seat per 100 kilometres flown (L/seat/100 km) as 3.27 for the A380 and 3.35 for the B747-8I, or a fuel cost per seat mile of $0.055 and $0.057 respectively. A possible, as yet uncommitted, re-engined A380neo is expected to achieve  2.82 or 2.65 L/seat/100 km depending on the options taken.",0,null,"How does the Airbus A380's fuel economy perform compared to its competitors?","Rival performance claims by Airbus and Boeing appear to be contradictory, their methodologies unclear and neither are validated by a third party source.  Boeing claims the 747-8I to be over 10% lighter per seat and have 11% less fuel consumption per passenger, with a trip-cost reduction of 21% and a seat-mile cost reduction of more than 6%, compared to the A380. The 747-8F's empty weight is expected to be 80 tonnes (88 tons) lighter and 24% lower fuel burnt per ton with 21% lower trip costs and 23% lower ton-mile costs than the A380F. On the other hand, Airbus claims the A380 to have 8% less fuel consumption per passenger than the 747-8I and in 2007 Singapore Airlines CEO Chew Choong Seng stated the A380 was performing better than both the airline and Airbus had anticipated, burning 20% less fuel per passenger than the airline's 747-400 fleet. Emirates' Tim Clark also claims that the A380 is more fuel economic at Mach 0.86 than at 0.83. One independent, industry analysis shows fuel consumption in litres per seat per 100 kilometres flown (L/seat/100 km) as 3.27 for the A380 and 3.35 for the B747-8I, or a fuel cost per seat mile of $0.055 and $0.057 respectively. A possible, as yet uncommitted, re-engined A380neo is expected to achieve  2.82 or 2.65 L/seat/100 km depending on the options taken.",0,null,"How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","Rival performance claims by Airbus and Boeing appear to be contradictory, their methodologies unclear and neither are validated by a third party source.  Boeing claims the 747-8I to be over 10% lighter per seat and have 11% less fuel consumption per passenger, with a trip-cost reduction of 21% and a seat-mile cost reduction of more than 6%, compared to the A380. The 747-8F's empty weight is expected to be 80 tonnes (88 tons) lighter and 24% lower fuel burnt per ton with 21% lower trip costs and 23% lower ton-mile costs than the A380F. On the other hand, Airbus claims the A380 to have 8% less fuel consumption per passenger than the 747-8I and in 2007 Singapore Airlines CEO Chew Choong Seng stated the A380 was performing better than both the airline and Airbus had anticipated, burning 20% less fuel per passenger than the airline's 747-400 fleet. Emirates' Tim Clark also claims that the A380 is more fuel economic at Mach 0.86 than at 0.83. One independent, industry analysis shows fuel consumption in litres per seat per 100 kilometres flown (L/seat/100 km) as 3.27 for the A380 and 3.35 for the B747-8I, or a fuel cost per seat mile of $0.055 and $0.057 respectively. A possible, as yet uncommitted, re-engined A380neo is expected to achieve  2.82 or 2.65 L/seat/100 km depending on the options taken.",0,null,81,false,"90_3_CAR_cf435ec8bb05cd7b2a59723327748b449f5e396d","CAR_cf435ec8bb05cd7b2a59723327748b449f5e396d","90_3_CAR_cf435ec8bb05cd7b2a59723327748b449f5e396d","CAR_cf435ec8bb05cd7b2a59723327748b449f5e396d","90_3_CAR_cf435ec8bb05cd7b2a59723327748b449f5e396d","CAR_cf435ec8bb05cd7b2a59723327748b449f5e396d",null,"How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","CAR_cf435ec8bb05cd7b2a59723327748b449f5e396d","90_3_CAR_cf435ec8bb05cd7b2a59723327748b449f5e396d","Rival performance claims by Airbus and Boeing appear to be contradictory, their methodologies unclear and neither are validated by a third party source.  Boeing claims the 747-8I to be over 10% lighter per seat and have 11% less fuel consumption per passenger, with a trip-cost reduction of 21% and a seat-mile cost reduction of more than 6%, compared to the A380. The 747-8F's empty weight is expected to be 80 tonnes (88 tons) lighter and 24% lower fuel burnt per ton with 21% lower trip costs and 23% lower ton-mile costs than the A380F. On the other hand, Airbus claims the A380 to have 8% less fuel consumption per passenger than the 747-8I and in 2007 Singapore Airlines CEO Chew Choong Seng stated the A380 was performing better than both the airline and Airbus had anticipated, burning 20% less fuel per passenger than the airline's 747-400 fleet. Emirates' Tim Clark also claims that the A380 is more fuel economic at Mach 0.86 than at 0.83. One independent, industry analysis shows fuel consumption in litres per seat per 100 kilometres flown (L/seat/100 km) as 3.27 for the A380 and 3.35 for the B747-8I, or a fuel cost per seat mile of $0.055 and $0.057 respectively. A possible, as yet uncommitted, re-engined A380neo is expected to achieve  2.82 or 2.65 L/seat/100 km depending on the options taken.",0]
["How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","90_3","What are the average fuel needs of an airbus A380? How does it compare to its competitors?","Compared to the average fuel costs for all Commercial aircraft, which are $16.79* per nautical mile and 11.63Â¢* per seat per nautical mile, the Airbus A380-800 costs: 1  $42.93 more expensive per nautical mile (a 256% premium). 2  0.24Â¢ less per seat per nautical mile (a 2.1% margin).",1,null,"How does the Airbus A380's fuel efficiency compare to other airliners in the same class?","Jet aircraft efficiency is improving: Between 1960 and 2000 there was a 55% overall fuel efficiency gain (if one were to consider the Boeing 707 as the base case). Most of the improvements in efficiency were gained in the first decade when jet craft first came into widespread commercial use. Between 1971 and 1998 the fleet-average annual improvement per available seat-kilometre was estimated at 2.4%. Concorde the supersonic transport managed about 17 passenger-miles to the Imperial gallon, which is 16.7 L/100 km per passenger; similar to a business jet, but much worse than a subsonic turbofan aircraft. Airbus states a fuel rate consumption of their A380 at less than 3 L/100 km per passenger (78 passenger-miles per US gallon), however this is for an unspecified number and configuration of seats. The maximum configuration is 850 economy passengers, but with a typical 525-seat multi-class configuration the fuel consumption is \"comparable to that of a B747-400 ER and even about 15% worse than a B777-300ER on a passenger-mile basis.\"",0,null,"How does the Airbus A380's fuel economy perform compared to its competitors?","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",1,null,"How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",1,null,81,false,"90_3_MARCO_5635467","MARCO_5635467","90_3_CAR_31732e7a905d138e9ec5b80520492f9177acf4bd","CAR_31732e7a905d138e9ec5b80520492f9177acf4bd","90_3_CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7",null,"How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","90_3_CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",1]
["How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","90_3","What are the average fuel needs of an airbus A380? How does it compare to its competitors?","The Airbus A380, the largest passenger jet, costs between $26,000 and $29,000 per hour, using roughly $17,467 of fuel, approximately $40.19 to $44.82 per mile. The engines on these aircraft account for 5% of the operating expenses.",0,null,"How does the Airbus A380's fuel efficiency compare to other airliners in the same class?","Passenger airplanes averaged 4.8 l/100 km per passenger (1.4 MJ/passenger-km) (49 passenger-miles per gallon) in 1998. Note that on average 20% of seats are left unoccupied. Jet aircraft efficiencies are improving: Between 1960 and 2000 there was a 55% overall fuel efficiency gain (if one were to exclude the inefficient and limited fleet of the DH Comet 4 and to consider the Boeing 707 as the base case). Most of the improvements in efficiency were gained in the first decade when jet craft first came into widespread commercial use. Compared to advanced piston engine airliners of the 1950s, current jet airliners are only marginally more efficient per passenger-mile. Between 1971 and 1998 the fleet-average annual improvement per available seat-kilometre was estimated at 2.4%. Concorde the supersonic transport managed about 17 passenger-miles to the Imperial gallon; similar to a business jet, but much worse than a subsonic turbofan aircraft. Airbus puts the fuel rate consumption of their A380 at less than 3 l/100 km per passenger (78 passenger-miles per US gallon).",3,null,"How does the Airbus A380's fuel economy perform compared to its competitors?","Nicknamed Superjumbo, the first A380, MSN003, (registered as 9V-SKA) was delivered to Singapore Airlines on 15 October 2007 and entered service on 25 October 2007 with flight number SQ380 between Singapore and Sydney. Passengers bought seats in a charity online auction paying between $560 and $100,380. Two months later, Singapore Airlines CEO Chew Choong Seng stated the A380 was performing better than either the airline and Airbus had anticipated, burning 20% less fuel per seat-mile than the airline's 747-400 fleet. Emirates' Tim Clark claimed that the A380 has better fuel economy at Mach 0.86 than at 0.83, and that its technical dispatch reliability is at 97%, same as Singapore Airlines. Airbus is committed to reach the industry standard of 98.5%.",0,null,"How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","Jet aircraft efficiency is improving: Between 1960 and 2000 there was a 55% overall fuel efficiency gain (if one were to consider the Boeing 707 as the base case). Most of the improvements in efficiency were gained in the first decade when jet craft first came into widespread commercial use. Between 1971 and 1998 the fleet-average annual improvement per available seat-kilometre was estimated at 2.4%. Concorde the supersonic transport managed about 17 passenger-miles to the Imperial gallon, which is 16.7 L/100 km per passenger; similar to a business jet, but much worse than a subsonic turbofan aircraft. Airbus states a fuel rate consumption of their A380 at less than 3 L/100 km per passenger (78 passenger-miles per US gallon), however this is for an unspecified number and configuration of seats. The maximum configuration is 850 economy passengers, but with a typical 525-seat multi-class configuration the fuel consumption is \"comparable to that of a B747-400 ER and even about 15% worse than a B777-300ER on a passenger-mile basis.\"",0,null,81,false,"90_3_MARCO_8644317","MARCO_8644317","90_3_CAR_34e5cf8110f5b9b2f88286dc55f7c39f4a56c0d3","CAR_34e5cf8110f5b9b2f88286dc55f7c39f4a56c0d3","90_3_CAR_ceb723fb72a17ceb0a7553327f4f773908a9305b","CAR_ceb723fb72a17ceb0a7553327f4f773908a9305b",null,"How does the Airbus A380 fuel consumption compare to its competitors?","CAR_31732e7a905d138e9ec5b80520492f9177acf4bd","90_3_CAR_31732e7a905d138e9ec5b80520492f9177acf4bd","Jet aircraft efficiency is improving: Between 1960 and 2000 there was a 55% overall fuel efficiency gain (if one were to consider the Boeing 707 as the base case). Most of the improvements in efficiency were gained in the first decade when jet craft first came into widespread commercial use. Between 1971 and 1998 the fleet-average annual improvement per available seat-kilometre was estimated at 2.4%. Concorde the supersonic transport managed about 17 passenger-miles to the Imperial gallon, which is 16.7 L/100 km per passenger; similar to a business jet, but much worse than a subsonic turbofan aircraft. Airbus states a fuel rate consumption of their A380 at less than 3 L/100 km per passenger (78 passenger-miles per US gallon), however this is for an unspecified number and configuration of seats. The maximum configuration is 850 economy passengers, but with a typical 525-seat multi-class configuration the fuel consumption is \"comparable to that of a B747-400 ER and even about 15% worse than a B777-300ER on a passenger-mile basis.\"",0]
["How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","90_4","How are the freighter models of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 different from each other?","The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747. The Airbus A380 has a wingspan that is 15m longer to that of the 747. It is also about 50% heavier than the 747 even when empty.",1,null,"Can you compare the cargo planes of the airbus a380 and Boeing 747?","The A380 is the latest and biggest plane from Airbus while the 747 has been Boeingâ€™s flagship for quite some time. The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747. The Airbus A380 has a wingspan that is 15m longer to that of the 747.",1,null,"What about the cargo configurations of the airbus A380 and Boeing 747? How do they compare?","Airbus originally accepted orders for the freighter version, offering the largest payload capacity of any cargo aircraft in production, exceeded only by the single Antonov An-225 Mriya in service. An aerospace consultant has estimated that the A380F would have 7% better payload and better range than the 747-8F, but also higher trip costs. However, production has been suspended until the A380 production lines have settled with no firm availability date. In 2015 Airbus removed A380F from the range of freighters on the corporate website. Its maximum payload should be  and its range .",0,null,"How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","Airbus originally accepted orders for the freighter version, offering the largest payload capacity of any cargo aircraft in production, exceeded only by the single Antonov An-225 Mriya in service. An aerospace consultant has estimated that the A380F would have 7% better payload and better range than the 747-8F, but also higher trip costs. However, production has been suspended until the A380 production lines have settled with no firm availability date. In 2015 Airbus removed A380F from the range of freighters on the corporate website. Its maximum payload should be  and its range .",0,null,82,true,"90_4_MARCO_2547723","MARCO_2547723","90_4_MARCO_2547725","MARCO_2547725","90_4_CAR_3c073a97d75c2e7d9d1547135a06c83355e56f73","CAR_3c073a97d75c2e7d9d1547135a06c83355e56f73",null,"How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","CAR_3c073a97d75c2e7d9d1547135a06c83355e56f73","90_4_CAR_3c073a97d75c2e7d9d1547135a06c83355e56f73","Airbus originally accepted orders for the freighter version, offering the largest payload capacity of any cargo aircraft in production, exceeded only by the single Antonov An-225 Mriya in service. An aerospace consultant has estimated that the A380F would have 7% better payload and better range than the 747-8F, but also higher trip costs. However, production has been suspended until the A380 production lines have settled with no firm availability date. In 2015 Airbus removed A380F from the range of freighters on the corporate website. Its maximum payload should be  and its range .",0]
["How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","90_4","How are the freighter models of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 different from each other?","The A380 is the latest and biggest plane from Airbus while the 747 has been Boeingâ€™s flagship for quite some time. The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747. The Airbus A380 has a wingspan that is 15m longer to that of the 747.",1,null,"Can you compare the cargo planes of the airbus a380 and Boeing 747?","The Boeing 747-8I was intended to fill a niche between the Airbus A380 and the Boeing 777-300ER.  The future for the 747-8 passenger version appears limited. Airlines bought the original 747 primarily for its range, not its capacity. The advent of long-range twin-engine jets took away the 747's range advantage, notably Boeing's own 777. Compared to the 747-8I, the upcoming 777-9X \"mini jumbo jet\" is projected to have a lower fuel cost per seat mile and greater cargo capacity, though it has a lower passenger capacity and higher list price; consequently the 777-9X has tallied more orders than the 747-8I due to airlines placing a high value on fuel efficiency. For operators who require high capacity on routes such as Emirates Airlines, most have preferred the Airbus A380 as it is an all-new design while the 747-8's lineage is 40 years old, although some have criticized the A380's looks saying \"Seeing a 747-8I in the air is like watching Cinderella, while watching the A380 is like watching her ugly stepsister\". Analysts do not see bright prospects for both VLA (very large aircraft; those with more than 400 seats) whose orders have slowed in the mid-2010s, since there are widebody twinjets with similar range while being more fuel efficient giving airlines more flexibility at a lower upfront cost. In 2015 Lufthansa was the only airline to operate both the 747-8I and A380.",0,null,"What about the cargo configurations of the airbus A380 and Boeing 747? How do they compare?","The Boeing 747-8I was intended to fill a niche between the Airbus A380 and the Boeing 777-300ER.  The future for the 747-8 passenger version appears limited. Airlines bought the original 747 primarily for its range, not its capacity. The advent of long-range twin-engine jets took away the 747's range advantage, notably Boeing's own 777. Compared to the 747-8I, the upcoming 777-9X \"mini jumbo jet\" is projected to have a lower fuel cost per seat mile and greater cargo capacity, though it has a lower passenger capacity and higher list price; consequently the 777-9X has tallied more orders than the 747-8I due to airlines placing a high value on fuel efficiency. For operators who require high capacity on routes such as Emirates Airlines, most have preferred the Airbus A380 as it is an all-new design while the 747-8's lineage is 40 years old, although some have criticized the A380's looks saying \"Seeing a 747-8I in the air is like watching Cinderella, while watching the A380 is like watching her ugly stepsister\". Analysts do not see bright prospects for both VLA (very large aircraft; those with more than 400 seats) whose orders have slowed in the mid-2010s, since there are widebody twinjets with similar range while being more fuel efficient giving airlines more flexibility at a lower upfront cost. In 2015 Lufthansa was the only airline to operate both the 747-8I and A380.",0,null,"How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747. The Airbus A380 has a wingspan that is 15m longer to that of the 747. It is also about 50% heavier than the 747 even when empty.",1,null,82,true,"90_4_MARCO_2547725","MARCO_2547725","90_4_CAR_85079ce3a7942d00b836dfa57531494ed04595a1","CAR_85079ce3a7942d00b836dfa57531494ed04595a1","90_4_CAR_85079ce3a7942d00b836dfa57531494ed04595a1","CAR_85079ce3a7942d00b836dfa57531494ed04595a1",null,"How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","MARCO_2547723","90_4_MARCO_2547723","The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747. The Airbus A380 has a wingspan that is 15m longer to that of the 747. It is also about 50% heavier than the 747 even when empty.",1]
["How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","90_4","How are the freighter models of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 different from each other?","The A380 is the latest and biggest plane from Airbus while the 747 has been Boeingâ€™s flagship for quite some time. The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747.",1,null,"Can you compare the cargo planes of the airbus a380 and Boeing 747?","The A380 is the latest and biggest plane from Airbus while the 747 has been Boeingâ€™s flagship for quite some time. The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747.",1,null,"What about the cargo configurations of the airbus A380 and Boeing 747? How do they compare?","The A380 is the latest and biggest plane from Airbus while the 747 has been Boeingâ€™s flagship for quite some time. The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747.",1,null,"How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","The A380 is the latest and biggest plane from Airbus while the 747 has been Boeingâ€™s flagship for quite some time. The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747. The Airbus A380 has a wingspan that is 15m longer to that of the 747.",1,null,82,true,"90_4_MARCO_2547726","MARCO_2547726","90_4_MARCO_2547726","MARCO_2547726","90_4_MARCO_2547726","MARCO_2547726",null,"How do the freighter versions of the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747 compare to each other?","MARCO_2547725","90_4_MARCO_2547725","The A380 is the latest and biggest plane from Airbus while the 747 has been Boeingâ€™s flagship for quite some time. The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747. The Airbus A380 has a wingspan that is 15m longer to that of the 747.",1]
["Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","90_5","Why is the Airbus A380 discontinued?","In late July, Airbus announced that it had terminated the airline A380 order's, citing concerns over the airline's ability to fund the purchase in light of its poor financial performance. Nishikubo complained the airline was not given the opportunity to revise the contract, but simply received a fax notifying it of the termination. After further negotiations, Airbus sued Skymark for damages in a London court; it was reported that Skymark had already paid Airbus 26.5 billion yen for the aircraft and could face up to 70 billion yen in penalties.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Why was the Airbus A380 discontinued?","In late July, Airbus announced that it had terminated the airline A380 order's, citing concerns over the airline's ability to fund the purchase in light of its poor financial performance. Nishikubo complained the airline was not given the opportunity to revise the contract, but simply received a fax notifying it of the termination. After further negotiations, Airbus sued Skymark for damages in a London court; it was reported that Skymark had already paid Airbus 26.5 billion yen for the aircraft and could face up to 70 billion yen in penalties.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Why did the Airbus A380 stop production?","In October 2006, Rolls-Royce suspended production of its Trent 900 engine because of delays by Airbus on the delivery of the A380 superjumbo. Rolls-Royce announced in October 2007 that production of the Trent 900 had been restarted after a twelve-month suspension caused by delays to the A380.",0,null,"Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","In October 2006, Rolls-Royce suspended production of its Trent 900 engine because of delays by Airbus on the delivery of the A380 superjumbo. Rolls-Royce announced in October 2007 that production of the Trent 900 had been restarted after a twelve-month suspension caused by delays to the A380.",0,null,83,false,"90_5_CAR_9fc7528b2c0b9b239c56b7a6486e517bfdac277c","CAR_9fc7528b2c0b9b239c56b7a6486e517bfdac277c","90_5_CAR_9fc7528b2c0b9b239c56b7a6486e517bfdac277c","CAR_9fc7528b2c0b9b239c56b7a6486e517bfdac277c","90_5_CAR_a343138a8d8e483e1e95b23321cfa9a2830242d7","CAR_a343138a8d8e483e1e95b23321cfa9a2830242d7",null,"Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","CAR_a343138a8d8e483e1e95b23321cfa9a2830242d7","90_5_CAR_a343138a8d8e483e1e95b23321cfa9a2830242d7","In October 2006, Rolls-Royce suspended production of its Trent 900 engine because of delays by Airbus on the delivery of the A380 superjumbo. Rolls-Royce announced in October 2007 that production of the Trent 900 had been restarted after a twelve-month suspension caused by delays to the A380.",0]
["Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","90_5","Why is the Airbus A380 discontinued?","On 11 December 2014, after slower than expected orders for the aircraft in 2014, Harald Wilhelm, the company's Chief Finance Officer, voiced the possibility to end the program in 2018. His statement was met by protests from customers and a fall in share prices. Airbus responded to the protests by playing down the possibility the A380 would be abandoned, instead emphasizing that enhancing the airplane was a likelier scenario.  On 22 December 2014, CEO Fabrice Brégier ruled out the cancellation of the A380 program, stating that it will break even in 2015 but also that the A380 was introduced a decade too early. While no longer losing money on each plane sold, Airbus admits that the company will never recoup the $25 billion investment it made in the project.",4,null,"Why was the Airbus A380 discontinued?","On 11 December 2014, after slower than expected orders for the aircraft in 2014, Harald Wilhelm, the company's Chief Finance Officer, voiced the possibility to end the program in 2018. His statement was met by protests from customers and a fall in share prices. Airbus responded to the protests by playing down the possibility the A380 would be abandoned, instead emphasizing that enhancing the airplane was a likelier scenario.  On 22 December 2014, CEO Fabrice Brégier ruled out the cancellation of the A380 program, stating that it will break even in 2015 but also that the A380 was introduced a decade too early. While no longer losing money on each plane sold, Airbus admits that the company will never recoup the $25 billion investment it made in the project.",4,null,"Why did the Airbus A380 stop production?","As of December 2015, Airbus has 319 orders for the passenger version of the A380 and is not currently offering the A380-800 freighter. Production of the A380F has been suspended until the A380 production lines have settled with no firm availability date.  A number of original A380F orders were cancelled following delays to the A380 program in October 2006, notably FedEx and the United Parcel Service.  Some A380 launch customers converted their A380F orders to the passenger version or switched to the 747-8F or  777F aircraft.",1,null,"Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","On 11 December 2014, after slower than expected orders for the aircraft in 2014, Harald Wilhelm, the company's Chief Finance Officer, voiced the possibility to end the program in 2018. His statement was met by protests from customers and a fall in share prices. Airbus responded to the protests by playing down the possibility the A380 would be abandoned, instead emphasizing that enhancing the airplane was a likelier scenario.  On 22 December 2014, CEO Fabrice Brégier ruled out the cancellation of the A380 program, stating that it will break even in 2015 but also that the A380 was introduced a decade too early. While no longer losing money on each plane sold, Airbus admits that the company will never recoup the $25 billion investment it made in the project.",4,null,83,false,"90_5_CAR_ffd5cecd30344df1ce750f82ac9cdd753d60d9cf","CAR_ffd5cecd30344df1ce750f82ac9cdd753d60d9cf","90_5_CAR_ffd5cecd30344df1ce750f82ac9cdd753d60d9cf","CAR_ffd5cecd30344df1ce750f82ac9cdd753d60d9cf","90_5_CAR_6497306a48ec3696f43b8f57d5441356b99aab12","CAR_6497306a48ec3696f43b8f57d5441356b99aab12",null,"Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","CAR_ffd5cecd30344df1ce750f82ac9cdd753d60d9cf","90_5_CAR_ffd5cecd30344df1ce750f82ac9cdd753d60d9cf","On 11 December 2014, after slower than expected orders for the aircraft in 2014, Harald Wilhelm, the company's Chief Finance Officer, voiced the possibility to end the program in 2018. His statement was met by protests from customers and a fall in share prices. Airbus responded to the protests by playing down the possibility the A380 would be abandoned, instead emphasizing that enhancing the airplane was a likelier scenario.  On 22 December 2014, CEO Fabrice Brégier ruled out the cancellation of the A380 program, stating that it will break even in 2015 but also that the A380 was introduced a decade too early. While no longer losing money on each plane sold, Airbus admits that the company will never recoup the $25 billion investment it made in the project.",4]
["Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","90_5","Why is the Airbus A380 discontinued?","Using the Airbus A340-500s it acquired in 2005, THAI commenced non-stop flights from Bangkok to New York, its first non-stop services to North America. The airline later converted existing one-stop services to Los Angeles into non-stop services using the same aircraft type. Citing very high fuel costs, THAI discontinued the New York service in July 2008, even though the airline had been able to fill 80 percent of the seats. The service to Los Angeles was again reverted to one-stop service via Seoul on 1 May 2012, leaving the airline without a non-stop service between Thailand and North America. The A340s used have been phased out using the Boeing 777-200ER for the Bangkok–Seoul–Los-Angeles route. Although the previous A340 used for non-stop services was not subject to ETOPS, the phasing in of the 777 with one-stop service (with the 330 minute rule) will be indefinite for years to come; the airline has no plans to pursue newer North America destinations (e.g., Houston, TX, USA) or purchase the Boeing 747-8 for trans-Pacific routes since Thai Airways is operating the Airbus A380.",0,null,"Why was the Airbus A380 discontinued?","On 11 December 2014 at the annual Airbus Investor Day forum Airbus CEO controversially announced that \"We will one day launch an A380neo and one day launch a stretched A380\" following speculation sparked by Airbus CFO Harald Wilhelm that Airbus could axe the A380 ahead of its time due to softening demand.  On 15 June 2015, John Leahy, Airbus's chief operating officer for customers, stated Airbus was looking at the A380-900 programme again. Airbus's newest concept is a stretch of the A380-800 offering 50 seats more, not 100 as originally envisaged. The stretch would be tied to a potential re-engining of the A380-800. According to FlightGlobal, an A380-900 would make better use of the A380's existing wing.",0,null,"Why did the Airbus A380 stop production?","The Airbus A380 was delayed in October 2006 due to the use of incompatible software used to design the aircraft. Primarily, the Toulouse assembly plant used the latest version 5 of CATIA (made by Dassault), while the design centre at the Hamburg factory were using the older and incompatible version 4. The result was that the 530 km of cables wiring throughout the aircraft had to be completely redesigned. Although no orders had been cancelled, Airbus still had to pay millions in late-delivery penalties.",1,null,"Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","On 13 May 2008, Airbus announced reduced deliveries for the years 2008 (12) and 2009 (21). After further manufacturing setbacks, Airbus announced its plan to deliver 14 A380s in 2009, down from the previously revised target of 18. A total of 10 A380s were delivered in 2009. In 2010 Airbus delivered 18 of the expected 20 A380s, due to Rolls-Royce engine availability problems. Airbus planned to deliver \"between 20 and 25\" A380s in 2011 before ramping up to three a month in 2012. In fact, Airbus delivered 26 units, thus outdoing its predicted output for the first time. , production was 3 aircraft per month. Among the production problems are challenging interiors, interiors being installed sequentially rather than concurrently as in smaller planes, and union/government objections to streamlining.",0,null,83,false,"90_5_CAR_9d4f638ea18c68af4c50be263f3d9b911982ca32","CAR_9d4f638ea18c68af4c50be263f3d9b911982ca32","90_5_CAR_cf63d641733c056777b3f58504a51aa0483d3328","CAR_cf63d641733c056777b3f58504a51aa0483d3328","90_5_CAR_efa6166aa1db2a3e337e93404a85d91893f9dad7","CAR_efa6166aa1db2a3e337e93404a85d91893f9dad7",null,"Why did the Airbus A380 stop being produced?","CAR_2b0ecd2c190dad4e3da6672ed2268a93d5eae04a","90_5_CAR_2b0ecd2c190dad4e3da6672ed2268a93d5eae04a","On 13 May 2008, Airbus announced reduced deliveries for the years 2008 (12) and 2009 (21). After further manufacturing setbacks, Airbus announced its plan to deliver 14 A380s in 2009, down from the previously revised target of 18. A total of 10 A380s were delivered in 2009. In 2010 Airbus delivered 18 of the expected 20 A380s, due to Rolls-Royce engine availability problems. Airbus planned to deliver \"between 20 and 25\" A380s in 2011 before ramping up to three a month in 2012. In fact, Airbus delivered 26 units, thus outdoing its predicted output for the first time. , production was 3 aircraft per month. Among the production problems are challenging interiors, interiors being installed sequentially rather than concurrently as in smaller planes, and union/government objections to streamlining.",0]
["What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","90_6","What was Boeing's counter to the battle against the Airbus A380?","The A320 has been selected by 222 operators (Dec. 2008), among these several low-cost operators, gaining ground against the previously well established 737 in this sector; it has also been selected as a replacement for 727s and aging 737s by many full-service airlines such as Star Alliance members United Airlines, Air Canada and Lufthansa. After dominating the very large aircraft market for four decades, the Boeing 747 now faces a challenge from the A380. In response, Boeing now offer the stretched and updated 747-8, with greater capacity, fuel efficiency, and longer range. Frequent delays to the Airbus A380 program caused several customers to consider cancelling their orders in favour of the refreshed 747-8. However, all orders for the A380F freight variant have been cancelled. To date, Boeing has secured orders for 78 747-8F and 51 747-8I aircraft with first deliveries originally scheduled for 2011 and 2012 as the 747-8I is only in service with Lufthansa, while Airbus has orders for 318 A380s, the first of which entered service in 2007 and has delivered a total of 152 to customers (as of December 31, 2014).",3,null,"What was Boeing's response to the Airbus A380 competition?","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",3,null,"What strategy did Boeing use in the competition with Airbus A380?","In contrast, the airline strategy of frequency (offering multiple flights between the same two cities at different times of day) typically relies on smaller aircraft. United Airlines told Reuters that it follows this strategy because it offers business travelers more choices. Moreover, United's Chief Financial Officer observed that the airline's Boeing 787 Dreamliners operate at a lower trip cost than the A380. Hence, the A380 \"just doesn't really work for us.\" Operators Air France and China Southern have found that the A380's capacity is too large for some markets; China Southern has faced mounting losses on A380 operations out of its Guangzhou hub, although Emirates' Tim Clark sees a large potential for Asian A380-users, and criticised Airbus' marketing efforts. In 2013, Air France withdrew A380 services to Singapore and Montreal and switched to smaller aircraft.",0,null,"What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","The A320 has been selected by 222 operators (Dec. 2008), among these several low-cost operators, gaining ground against the previously well established 737 in this sector; it has also been selected as a replacement for 727s and aging 737s by many full-service airlines such as Star Alliance members United Airlines, Air Canada and Lufthansa. After dominating the very large aircraft market for four decades, the Boeing 747 now faces a challenge from the A380. In response, Boeing now offer the stretched and updated 747-8, with greater capacity, fuel efficiency, and longer range. Frequent delays to the Airbus A380 program caused several customers to consider cancelling their orders in favour of the refreshed 747-8. However, all orders for the A380F freight variant have been cancelled. To date, Boeing has secured orders for 78 747-8F and 51 747-8I aircraft with first deliveries originally scheduled for 2011 and 2012 as the 747-8I is only in service with Lufthansa, while Airbus has orders for 318 A380s, the first of which entered service in 2007 and has delivered a total of 152 to customers (as of December 31, 2014).",3,null,84,true,"90_6_CAR_e2bddcdd987cdaeddef4ec2bcfb637d022267cd5","CAR_e2bddcdd987cdaeddef4ec2bcfb637d022267cd5","90_6_CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","90_6_CAR_bd8fa10a7620f9246f1ff71b1940659bc2664a9c","CAR_bd8fa10a7620f9246f1ff71b1940659bc2664a9c",null,"What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","CAR_e2bddcdd987cdaeddef4ec2bcfb637d022267cd5","90_6_CAR_e2bddcdd987cdaeddef4ec2bcfb637d022267cd5","The A320 has been selected by 222 operators (Dec. 2008), among these several low-cost operators, gaining ground against the previously well established 737 in this sector; it has also been selected as a replacement for 727s and aging 737s by many full-service airlines such as Star Alliance members United Airlines, Air Canada and Lufthansa. After dominating the very large aircraft market for four decades, the Boeing 747 now faces a challenge from the A380. In response, Boeing now offer the stretched and updated 747-8, with greater capacity, fuel efficiency, and longer range. Frequent delays to the Airbus A380 program caused several customers to consider cancelling their orders in favour of the refreshed 747-8. However, all orders for the A380F freight variant have been cancelled. To date, Boeing has secured orders for 78 747-8F and 51 747-8I aircraft with first deliveries originally scheduled for 2011 and 2012 as the 747-8I is only in service with Lufthansa, while Airbus has orders for 318 A380s, the first of which entered service in 2007 and has delivered a total of 152 to customers (as of December 31, 2014).",3]
["What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","90_6","What was Boeing's counter to the battle against the Airbus A380?","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",3,null,"What was Boeing's response to the Airbus A380 competition?","The A320 has been selected by 222 operators (Dec. 2008), among these several low-cost operators, gaining ground against the previously well established 737 in this sector; it has also been selected as a replacement for 727s and aging 737s by many full-service airlines such as Star Alliance members United Airlines, Air Canada and Lufthansa. After dominating the very large aircraft market for four decades, the Boeing 747 now faces a challenge from the A380. In response, Boeing now offer the stretched and updated 747-8, with greater capacity, fuel efficiency, and longer range. Frequent delays to the Airbus A380 program caused several customers to consider cancelling their orders in favour of the refreshed 747-8. However, all orders for the A380F freight variant have been cancelled. To date, Boeing has secured orders for 78 747-8F and 51 747-8I aircraft with first deliveries originally scheduled for 2011 and 2012 as the 747-8I is only in service with Lufthansa, while Airbus has orders for 318 A380s, the first of which entered service in 2007 and has delivered a total of 152 to customers (as of December 31, 2014).",3,null,"What strategy did Boeing use in the competition with Airbus A380?","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",3,null,"What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",3,null,84,true,"90_6_CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","90_6_CAR_e2bddcdd987cdaeddef4ec2bcfb637d022267cd5","CAR_e2bddcdd987cdaeddef4ec2bcfb637d022267cd5","90_6_CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7",null,"What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","90_6_CAR_90a2476d015879170cbf5149bc8a6e77dc5898c7","The 747-8, as the current new development of Boeing's largest airliner, is notably in direct competition on long-haul routes with the Airbus A380, a full-length double-deck aircraft now in service. For airlines seeking very large passenger airliners, the two have been pitched as competitors on various occasions. Boeing states that the 747-8 is more than 10 percent lighter per seat and is to consume 11 percent less fuel per passenger than the A380, translating into a trip-cost reduction of 21 percent and a seat-mile cost reduction of over 6 percent.",3]
["What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","90_6","What was Boeing's counter to the battle against the Airbus A380?","The A380 is the latest and biggest plane from Airbus while the 747 has been Boeingâ€™s flagship for quite some time. The biggest difference between the two is size as the A380 is certainly much bigger than the 747. The Airbus A380 has a wingspan that is 15m longer to that of the 747.",0,null,"What was Boeing's response to the Airbus A380 competition?","During the 1990s both companies researched the feasibility of a passenger aircraft larger than the Boeing 747, which was then the largest airliner in operation. Airbus subsequently launched a full-length double-deck aircraft, the A380, a decade later while Boeing decided the project would not be commercially viable and developed the third generation 747, Boeing 747-8, instead.  The Airbus A380 and the Boeing 747-8 are therefore placed in direct competition on long-haul routes.",3,null,"What strategy did Boeing use in the competition with Airbus A380?","During the 1990s both companies researched the feasibility of a passenger aircraft larger than the Boeing 747, which was then the largest airliner in operation. Airbus subsequently launched a full-length double-deck aircraft, the A380, a decade later while Boeing decided the project would not be commercially viable and developed the third generation 747, Boeing 747-8, instead.  The Airbus A380 and the Boeing 747-8 are therefore placed in direct competition on long-haul routes.",3,null,"What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","Boeing is proposing to stretch the -9 by four seat rows to accommodate 450 passengers in a 777-10X and compete with the Airbus A380 superjumbo. It has approached several airlines including Emirates, the largest operator of both the B777 and the A380, seating between 489 and 615 passengers. The potential  long airplane (12 ft more) is competing against a hypothetical A350-1000 stretch for Singapore Airlines.",0,null,84,true,"90_6_MARCO_2547725","MARCO_2547725","90_6_CAR_788926c7ef7d068002ea41ac8fbfee01eb6ad2e6","CAR_788926c7ef7d068002ea41ac8fbfee01eb6ad2e6","90_6_CAR_788926c7ef7d068002ea41ac8fbfee01eb6ad2e6","CAR_788926c7ef7d068002ea41ac8fbfee01eb6ad2e6",null,"What was Boeing's response to compete with the Airbus A380?","CAR_c36e4c56b145fc6cee2a79ae590ba6c9c6744415","90_6_CAR_c36e4c56b145fc6cee2a79ae590ba6c9c6744415","Boeing is proposing to stretch the -9 by four seat rows to accommodate 450 passengers in a 777-10X and compete with the Airbus A380 superjumbo. It has approached several airlines including Emirates, the largest operator of both the B777 and the A380, seating between 489 and 615 passengers. The potential  long airplane (12 ft more) is competing against a hypothetical A350-1000 stretch for Singapore Airlines.",0]
["What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","90_7","What's the brand-new Boeing 777? What are some of the new features?","Introduced on 9 July 2013, the \"New\" First Class is offered on refitted Boeing 777-300ERs. Features include a 24-inch in-flight entertainment screen with video-touch screen handsets, adjustable in-seat lighting, and passenger control unit, inside a fixed-shell cabin with an  wide seat, foldable into an  bed.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What is the difference between the new Boeing 777 and the older version?","The newer Boeing 777s are equipped with modern in-flight entertainment. Every seat is fitted with personal touch screen displays provided by Thales. It is loaded with movies, songs and games. It also has high resolution moving maps and live flight information. It is in two languages – English and Bengali.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What is the latest version of the Boeing 777, and how is it good?","The newer Boeing 777s are equipped with modern in-flight entertainment. Every seat is fitted with personal touch screen displays provided by Thales. It is loaded with movies, songs and games. It also has high resolution moving maps and live flight information. It is in two languages – English and Bengali.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","The newer Boeing 777s are equipped with modern in-flight entertainment. Every seat is fitted with personal touch screen displays provided by Thales. It is loaded with movies, songs and games. It also has high resolution moving maps and live flight information. It is in two languages – English and Bengali.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,85,false,"90_7_CAR_265d6dd9d978e5b2612f5c2476e052c5f200e42e","CAR_265d6dd9d978e5b2612f5c2476e052c5f200e42e","90_7_CAR_50dbdcb4538a4516e8768db7016d3db8f47c56ff","CAR_50dbdcb4538a4516e8768db7016d3db8f47c56ff","90_7_CAR_50dbdcb4538a4516e8768db7016d3db8f47c56ff","CAR_50dbdcb4538a4516e8768db7016d3db8f47c56ff",null,"What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","CAR_50dbdcb4538a4516e8768db7016d3db8f47c56ff","90_7_CAR_50dbdcb4538a4516e8768db7016d3db8f47c56ff","The newer Boeing 777s are equipped with modern in-flight entertainment. Every seat is fitted with personal touch screen displays provided by Thales. It is loaded with movies, songs and games. It also has high resolution moving maps and live flight information. It is in two languages – English and Bengali.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2]
["What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","90_7","What's the brand-new Boeing 777? What are some of the new features?","The Boeing 777-300ERs feature a new economy class seat also manufactured by Recaro and Weber, respectively. Their seats offer a pitch of between 32 and 34 inches. The new economy class offers AVOD and each seat is equipped with  monitors, mounted either on the seatbacks or armrests (for bulkhead and exit row seats). Similar to the Mabuhay Class seats, Fiesta seats on board the 777-300ER also feature a USB port that allows passengers to charge portable devices. The 777-300ER also have In-flight internet and mobile service.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What is the difference between the new Boeing 777 and the older version?","An older version of the Flagship Suite is available on select Boeing 777-200ERs. However, these aircraft are in the process of being retrofitted, with the first class section being replaced with an all-new, expanded business class. These aircraft feature 16 suites in a 1-2-1 configuration with direct aisle access, privacy dividers, and a 78-inch (198 cm) long fully lie-flat seat with swivel capabilities. Each seat comes equipped with an 8.4 inch tilting touchscreen monitor and a DC power outlet.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What is the latest version of the Boeing 777, and how is it good?","The Boeing 777 is a family of long-range wide-body twin-engine jet airliners developed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. It is the world's largest twinjet and has a typical seating capacity for 314 to 451 passengers, with a range of 5,235 to 8,555 nautical miles (9,695 to 15,844 km).he longer-range 777-300ER and 777-200LR variants entered service in 2004 and 2006 respectively, while the 777F, a freighter version, debuted in February 2009; these variants all feature General Electric GE90 engines and extended raked wingtips.",2,null,"What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.  The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8 and the 777-9.  The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings with folding wingtips, and technologies from the Boeing 787.  It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.  Deliveries are expected to begin in 2020.",0,null,85,false,"90_7_CAR_55d3552f4fa6d9bfbf14b630fe0cd5eb2a74c429","CAR_55d3552f4fa6d9bfbf14b630fe0cd5eb2a74c429","90_7_CAR_5481d38181bef017b51d6187cf38d0396b2e5b90","CAR_5481d38181bef017b51d6187cf38d0396b2e5b90","90_7_MARCO_2181417","MARCO_2181417",null,"What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2","90_7_CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.  The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8 and the 777-9.  The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings with folding wingtips, and technologies from the Boeing 787.  It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.  Deliveries are expected to begin in 2020.",0]
["What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","90_7","What's the brand-new Boeing 777? What are some of the new features?","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.  The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8 and the 777-9.  The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings with folding wingtips, and technologies from the Boeing 787.  It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.  Deliveries are expected to begin in 2020.",0,null,"What is the difference between the new Boeing 777 and the older version?","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.  The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8 and the 777-9.  The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings with folding wingtips, and technologies from the Boeing 787.  It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.  Deliveries are expected to begin in 2020.",0,null,"What is the latest version of the Boeing 777, and how is it good?","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.  The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8 and the 777-9.  The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings with folding wingtips, and technologies from the Boeing 787.  It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.  Deliveries are expected to begin in 2020.",0,null,"What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8X and the 777-9X. The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings, and technologies from the Boeing 787. It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.he Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.",0,null,85,false,"90_7_CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2","CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2","90_7_CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2","CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2","90_7_CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2","CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2",null,"What is the newest version of the Boeing 777 and what is better about it?","MARCO_2181421","90_7_MARCO_2181421","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8X and the 777-9X. The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings, and technologies from the Boeing 787. It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.he Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.",0]
["What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","90_8","What are the variant features of Boeing 777X-8 and Boeing 777X-9?","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.  The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8 and the 777-9.  The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings with folding wingtips, and technologies from the Boeing 787.  It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.  Deliveries are expected to begin in 2020.",1,null,"How different is the Boeing 777X-9 when compared to Boeing 777X-8?","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.  The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8 and the 777-9.  The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings with folding wingtips, and technologies from the Boeing 787.  It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.  Deliveries are expected to begin in 2020.",1,null,"How do the variants of the Boeing 77X-8 and 777X-9 differ?","The 777-8 and the larger 777-9, are the two variants which comprise the Boeing 777X program, launched in 2013. Both models incorporate a new carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer wing with folding wingtips, a wider, more comfortable redesigned cabin, and other upgraded systems. Service entry of the first 777X variant, the 777-9, is scheduled for 2020.",1,null,"What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.  The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8 and the 777-9.  The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings with folding wingtips, and technologies from the Boeing 787.  It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.  Deliveries are expected to begin in 2020.",1,null,86,true,"90_8_CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2","CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2","90_8_CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2","CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2","90_8_CAR_1f6e8e8381e7653b30a53ae7502e573c4c2204f8","CAR_1f6e8e8381e7653b30a53ae7502e573c4c2204f8",null,"What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2","90_8_CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.  The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8 and the 777-9.  The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings with folding wingtips, and technologies from the Boeing 787.  It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.  Deliveries are expected to begin in 2020.",1]
["What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","90_8","What are the variant features of Boeing 777X-8 and Boeing 777X-9?","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8X and the 777-9X. The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings, and technologies from the Boeing 787. It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.he Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.",3,null,"How different is the Boeing 777X-9 when compared to Boeing 777X-8?","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8X and the 777-9X. The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings, and technologies from the Boeing 787. It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.he Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.",3,null,"How do the variants of the Boeing 77X-8 and 777X-9 differ?","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.  The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8 and the 777-9.  The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings with folding wingtips, and technologies from the Boeing 787.  It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.  Deliveries are expected to begin in 2020.",1,null,"What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","The 777-8 and the larger 777-9, are the two variants which comprise the Boeing 777X program, launched in 2013. Both models incorporate a new carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer wing with folding wingtips, a wider, more comfortable redesigned cabin, and other upgraded systems. Service entry of the first 777X variant, the 777-9, is scheduled for 2020.",1,null,86,true,"90_8_MARCO_2181421","MARCO_2181421","90_8_MARCO_2181421","MARCO_2181421","90_8_CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2","CAR_c4e959390e7f6ba142cdaca9a017cd016c2a6cb2",null,"What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","CAR_1f6e8e8381e7653b30a53ae7502e573c4c2204f8","90_8_CAR_1f6e8e8381e7653b30a53ae7502e573c4c2204f8","The 777-8 and the larger 777-9, are the two variants which comprise the Boeing 777X program, launched in 2013. Both models incorporate a new carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer wing with folding wingtips, a wider, more comfortable redesigned cabin, and other upgraded systems. Service entry of the first 777X variant, the 777-9, is scheduled for 2020.",1]
["What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","90_8","What are the variant features of Boeing 777X-8 and Boeing 777X-9?","The 777-8 and the larger 777-9, are the two variants which comprise the Boeing 777X program, launched in 2013. Both models incorporate a new carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer wing with folding wingtips, a wider, more comfortable redesigned cabin, and other upgraded systems. Service entry of the first 777X variant, the 777-9, is scheduled for 2020.",1,null,"How different is the Boeing 777X-9 when compared to Boeing 777X-8?","The 777-8 and the larger 777-9, are the two variants which comprise the Boeing 777X program, launched in 2013. Both models incorporate a new carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer wing with folding wingtips, a wider, more comfortable redesigned cabin, and other upgraded systems. Service entry of the first 777X variant, the 777-9, is scheduled for 2020.",1,null,"How do the variants of the Boeing 77X-8 and 777X-9 differ?","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8X and the 777-9X. The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings, and technologies from the Boeing 787. It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.he Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.",3,null,"What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8X and the 777-9X. The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings, and technologies from the Boeing 787. It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.he Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.",3,null,86,true,"90_8_CAR_1f6e8e8381e7653b30a53ae7502e573c4c2204f8","CAR_1f6e8e8381e7653b30a53ae7502e573c4c2204f8","90_8_CAR_1f6e8e8381e7653b30a53ae7502e573c4c2204f8","CAR_1f6e8e8381e7653b30a53ae7502e573c4c2204f8","90_8_MARCO_2181421","MARCO_2181421",null,"What are the differences between the Boeing 777X-8 and 777X-9?","MARCO_2181421","90_8_MARCO_2181421","The Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.The 777X will have two variants; the 777-8X and the 777-9X. The 777X will feature new engines, new composite wings, and technologies from the Boeing 787. It is intended to compete with the Airbus A350.he Boeing 777X is a new series of the Boeing 777 family under development.",3]
["What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_1","What is general data protection regulation? Why is it important for us to implement it?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",4,null,"What is general data protection regulation?","For the economics term, see Gross regional domestic product. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a regulation by which the European Parliament, the European Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for all individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses the export of personal data outside the EU.",3,null,"What exactly is general data protection regulation?","For the economics term, see Gross regional domestic product. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a regulation by which the European Parliament, the European Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for all individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses the export of personal data outside the EU.",3,null,"What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",4,null,87,false,"91_1_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","91_1_MARCO_4334930","MARCO_4334930","91_1_MARCO_4334930","MARCO_4334930",null,"What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","91_1_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",4]
["What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_1","What is general data protection regulation? Why is it important for us to implement it?","For the economics term, see Gross regional domestic product. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a regulation by which the European Parliament, the European Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for all individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses the export of personal data outside the EU.",3,null,"What is general data protection regulation?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",4,null,"What exactly is general data protection regulation?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",4,null,"What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","For the economics term, see Gross regional domestic product. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a regulation by which the European Parliament, the European Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for all individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses the export of personal data outside the EU.",3,null,87,false,"91_1_MARCO_4334930","MARCO_4334930","91_1_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","91_1_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f",null,"What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_4334930","91_1_MARCO_4334930","For the economics term, see Gross regional domestic product. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a regulation by which the European Parliament, the European Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for all individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses the export of personal data outside the EU.",3]
["What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_1","What is general data protection regulation? Why is it important for us to implement it?","Currently, as of March 2012, the need for a set of unified privacy policies has been met by the European Union with proposed legislation. The Data Protection Regulation is a proposed set of consistent regulations across the European Union that will protect Internet users from clandestine tracking and unauthorized personal data usage. This regulation will further protect users' privacy rights in two key ways: clearly defining the term “personal data” and increasing punishments for those who violate users' online privacy. In Article 4(2) of the proposed legislation, the definition of personal data is expanded significantly to include any information online that could be traced to an individual. In Articles 77 and 79 of the proposed legislation, appropriate punishments are outlined for many possible violations of users' privacy rights by controllers and effective enforcement of data protection is guaranteed. The Data Protection Regulation will also hold companies accountable for violations of the regulation by implementing a unified legislation outlining specific repercussions for various types of violations based on severity.The CDT, the Center for Democracy & Technology, has carefully evaluated this proposed legislation in detail and officially issued an analysis on March 28, 2012. The Center for Democracy & Technology is a nonprofit organization that advocates for Internet freedom and online privacy through government public policy. Analyses such as this interpret the governmental propositions for Internet users and promote democracy by allowing all the opportunity to agree or disagree with the proposition prior to its ruling. This analysis is posted publicly on the Internet, in compliance with the mission of CDT, and addresses each section of the Data Protection Regulation and the potential pitfalls of each article. The two major issues the CDT addresses in this analysis of the Data Protection Regulation are the inflexible rules against profiling users based on their Internet usage and the parental consent policy in regards to controlling the online information of children. The European Union seems to be following the lead of the Obama administration’s recently implemented privacy bill and global Internet privacy policies are on the horizon.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What is general data protection regulation?","Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation)",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What exactly is general data protection regulation?","The GDPR or General Data Protection Regulation as its actually known is a European law that will be taken effect in May 2018. Thereâ€™s a lot of misconceptions out there that need to be talked about, especially by non-EU websites.",0,null,"What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","This regulation is called the EU General Data Protection Regulation or GDPR, and is aimed at guiding and regulating the way companies across the world will handle their customersâ€™ personal information and creating strengthened and unified data protection for all individuals within the EU.",2,null,87,false,"91_1_CAR_a6f2610eb8c5519ffa2478b046c13f4e9d2ee71f","CAR_a6f2610eb8c5519ffa2478b046c13f4e9d2ee71f","91_1_MARCO_8355422","MARCO_8355422","91_1_MARCO_8090937","MARCO_8090937",null,"What is the purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_995083","91_1_MARCO_995083","This regulation is called the EU General Data Protection Regulation or GDPR, and is aimed at guiding and regulating the way companies across the world will handle their customersâ€™ personal information and creating strengthened and unified data protection for all individuals within the EU.",2]
["What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","91_2","What are the improvements General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has over European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",0,null,"How is General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) better than European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",0,null,"What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (E.U.) Data Protection Directive 95/46/E.C.?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",0,null,"What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",0,null,88,true,"91_2_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","91_2_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","91_2_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f",null,"What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","91_2_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",0]
["What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","91_2","What are the improvements General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has over European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","The Data Protection Directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data) is a European Union directive adopted in 1995 that regulates the processing of personal data within the European Union. It is an important component of EU privacy and human rights law. On 25 January 2012, the European Commission unveiled a draft European General Data Protection Regulation that will supersede the Data Protection Directive.",0,null,"How is General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) better than European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","The Data Protection Directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data) is a European Union directive adopted in 1995 that regulates the processing of personal data within the European Union. It is an important component of EU privacy and human rights law. On 25 January 2012, the European Commission unveiled a draft European General Data Protection Regulation that will supersede the Data Protection Directive.",0,null,"What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (E.U.) Data Protection Directive 95/46/E.C.?","The Data Protection Directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data) is a European Union directive adopted in 1995 that regulates the processing of personal data within the European Union. It is an important component of EU privacy and human rights law. On 25 January 2012, the European Commission unveiled a draft European General Data Protection Regulation that will supersede the Data Protection Directive.",0,null,"What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","The Data Protection Directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data) is a European Union directive adopted in 1995 that regulates the processing of personal data within the European Union. It is an important component of EU privacy and human rights law. On 25 January 2012, the European Commission unveiled a draft European General Data Protection Regulation that will supersede the Data Protection Directive.",0,null,88,true,"91_2_CAR_bfc2cee0c726a19e991fb43a7f8ffcc4e37e691a","CAR_bfc2cee0c726a19e991fb43a7f8ffcc4e37e691a","91_2_CAR_bfc2cee0c726a19e991fb43a7f8ffcc4e37e691a","CAR_bfc2cee0c726a19e991fb43a7f8ffcc4e37e691a","91_2_CAR_bfc2cee0c726a19e991fb43a7f8ffcc4e37e691a","CAR_bfc2cee0c726a19e991fb43a7f8ffcc4e37e691a",null,"What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","CAR_bfc2cee0c726a19e991fb43a7f8ffcc4e37e691a","91_2_CAR_bfc2cee0c726a19e991fb43a7f8ffcc4e37e691a","The Data Protection Directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data) is a European Union directive adopted in 1995 that regulates the processing of personal data within the European Union. It is an important component of EU privacy and human rights law. On 25 January 2012, the European Commission unveiled a draft European General Data Protection Regulation that will supersede the Data Protection Directive.",0]
["What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","91_2","What are the improvements General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has over European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","what is gdpr? The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) was adopted by the EU in April 2016 and will replace the current EU Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC. The GDPR introduces new obligations to data processors and data controllers, including those based outside the EU.",2,null,"How is General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) better than European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","The European Union expressed its concern about the personal information management. On January 25, 2012, Viviane Reding, the vice chairperson of the European Commission, suggested General Data Protection Regulation which is a more strict form than the Directive 95/46/EC is. This is a right to ask service providers to delete the personal information which were collected by data brokers under a users’ consent in order to strengthen the user information protection. The right to be forgotten also includes the notion of not to be searched, and extinctive prescription of information.",1,null,"What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (E.U.) Data Protection Directive 95/46/E.C.?","The Data Protection Directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data) is a European Union directive adopted in 1995 which regulates the processing of personal data within the European Union. It is an important component of EU privacy and human rights law.",0,null,"What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","The Data Protection Directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data) is a European Union directive adopted in 1995 which regulates the processing of personal data within the European Union. It is an important component of EU privacy and human rights law.",0,null,88,true,"91_2_MARCO_8090944","MARCO_8090944","91_2_CAR_713b2c0449b33716603826316be28dbc08f034cf","CAR_713b2c0449b33716603826316be28dbc08f034cf","91_2_CAR_55fce4c4b34f2c0378ae61c7d9ad0b928f3fff34","CAR_55fce4c4b34f2c0378ae61c7d9ad0b928f3fff34",null,"What is different between General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and European Union (EU) Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC?","CAR_55fce4c4b34f2c0378ae61c7d9ad0b928f3fff34","91_2_CAR_55fce4c4b34f2c0378ae61c7d9ad0b928f3fff34","The Data Protection Directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data) is a European Union directive adopted in 1995 which regulates the processing of personal data within the European Union. It is an important component of EU privacy and human rights law.",0]
["What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","91_3","What is your opinion about social networks and cloud computing privacy?","There is no personal privacy under the current cloud framework, as pointed out by Mark Zuckerberg, 'the Age of Privacy Is Over '.However, with the development of crypto cloud computing, we can resolve the conflict between services data sharing and privacy security. It opens up new prospects for the development of information sharing technology.",1,null,"What are the impact of social networking and cloud computing on privacy?","Cloud computing poses privacy concerns because the service provider can access the data that is in the cloud at any time.  It could accidentally or deliberately alter or even delete information. Many cloud providers can share information with third parties if necessary for purposes of law and order even without a warrant. That is permitted in their privacy policies, which users must agree to before they start using cloud services. Solutions to privacy include policy and legislation as well as end users' choices for how data is stored. Users can encrypt data that is processed or stored within the cloud to prevent unauthorized access.",2,null,"Are social networks and cloud computing a privacy liability?","Cloud computing poses privacy concerns because the service provider can access the data that is in the cloud at any time.  It could accidentally or deliberately alter or even delete information. Many cloud providers can share information with third parties if necessary for purposes of law and order even without a warrant. That is permitted in their privacy policies, which users must agree to before they start using cloud services. Solutions to privacy include policy and legislation as well as end users' choices for how data is stored. Users can encrypt data that is processed or stored within the cloud to prevent unauthorized access.",2,null,"What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","Presently, the EU is drafting the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which will replace the Directive and account for the privacy implications of recent changes in technology such as social networks and cloud computing. The GDPR is expected to be adopted in 2014, and be implemented by member states by 2016.",0,null,89,false,"91_3_CAR_50ff08e67fb6705edebe89659818ba109db7d723","CAR_50ff08e67fb6705edebe89659818ba109db7d723","91_3_CAR_fd0e19df85ff62829ad0a925c3271861d3db100a","CAR_fd0e19df85ff62829ad0a925c3271861d3db100a","91_3_CAR_fd0e19df85ff62829ad0a925c3271861d3db100a","CAR_fd0e19df85ff62829ad0a925c3271861d3db100a",null,"What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","CAR_41c3a17bc670dbeb1ff5d322cfc39431aabbb671","91_3_CAR_41c3a17bc670dbeb1ff5d322cfc39431aabbb671","Presently, the EU is drafting the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which will replace the Directive and account for the privacy implications of recent changes in technology such as social networks and cloud computing. The GDPR is expected to be adopted in 2014, and be implemented by member states by 2016.",0]
["What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","91_3","What is your opinion about social networks and cloud computing privacy?","Cloud computing poses privacy concerns because the service provider can access the data that is in the cloud at any time.  It could accidentally or deliberately alter or even delete information. Many cloud providers can share information with third parties if necessary for purposes of law and order even without a warrant. That is permitted in their privacy policies, which users must agree to before they start using cloud services. Solutions to privacy include policy and legislation as well as end users' choices for how data is stored. Users can encrypt data that is processed or stored within the cloud to prevent unauthorized access.",2,null,"What are the impact of social networking and cloud computing on privacy?","Some advanced encryption algorithms which have been applied into the cloud computing increase the protection of privacy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Are social networks and cloud computing a privacy liability?","Presently, the EU is drafting the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which will replace the Directive and account for the privacy implications of recent changes in technology such as social networks and cloud computing. The GDPR is expected to be adopted in 2014, and be implemented by member states by 2016.",0,null,"What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","Cloud computing poses privacy concerns because the service provider can access the data that is in the cloud at any time.  It could accidentally or deliberately alter or even delete information. Many cloud providers can share information with third parties if necessary for purposes of law and order even without a warrant. That is permitted in their privacy policies, which users must agree to before they start using cloud services. Solutions to privacy include policy and legislation as well as end users' choices for how data is stored. Users can encrypt data that is processed or stored within the cloud to prevent unauthorized access.",2,null,89,false,"91_3_CAR_fd0e19df85ff62829ad0a925c3271861d3db100a","CAR_fd0e19df85ff62829ad0a925c3271861d3db100a","91_3_CAR_29c599a24c2c8fdae30299a694836a3bf96e3f7f","CAR_29c599a24c2c8fdae30299a694836a3bf96e3f7f","91_3_CAR_41c3a17bc670dbeb1ff5d322cfc39431aabbb671","CAR_41c3a17bc670dbeb1ff5d322cfc39431aabbb671",null,"What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","CAR_fd0e19df85ff62829ad0a925c3271861d3db100a","91_3_CAR_fd0e19df85ff62829ad0a925c3271861d3db100a","Cloud computing poses privacy concerns because the service provider can access the data that is in the cloud at any time.  It could accidentally or deliberately alter or even delete information. Many cloud providers can share information with third parties if necessary for purposes of law and order even without a warrant. That is permitted in their privacy policies, which users must agree to before they start using cloud services. Solutions to privacy include policy and legislation as well as end users' choices for how data is stored. Users can encrypt data that is processed or stored within the cloud to prevent unauthorized access.",2]
["What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","91_3","What is your opinion about social networks and cloud computing privacy?","Privacy issues associated with social networking sites can be seen from many perspectives. Some people will argue that this is just a part of globalization and the growth of technology, while others will still believe that it is a right for any citizen, and will never change their views and perspectives about their privacy. With the increase in popularity of social networking, many users have given up their personal privacy in order to join these networks. Social media privacy issues didn’t begin with social networking sites; they have historically been persistent issues with many other types of social media such as text messaging, instant messaging and computer-supported collaboration work.",0,null,"What are the impact of social networking and cloud computing on privacy?","Social networking sites offer greater security risks to personal electronic information because sensitive, private or confidential information such as personal identifiers are routinely used to create public profiles. Many websites give options to suppress the amount of personal information revealed through the customisation of privacy settings. However privacy settings can reset if changes to the website occur.",2,null,"Are social networks and cloud computing a privacy liability?","He says that any personal information can become sensitive information and the massive influx of personal data into social networks is creating a perfect storm for advanced, accessible technology to drive into the data cloud and emerge with our privacy in shambles.",2,null,"What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","Social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. Privacy concerns with social networking services is a subset of data privacy, involving the right of mandating personal privacy concerning storing, re-purposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via the Internet. Social network security and privacy issues result from the astronomical amounts of information these sites process each day. Features that invite users to participate in—messages, invitations, photos, open platform applications and other applications are often the venues for others to gain access to a user's private information. In addition, the technologies needed to deal with user’s information may intrude their privacy. More specifically, In the case of Facebook. Adrienne Felt, a Ph.D. candidate at Berkeley, made small headlines last year when she exposed a potentially devastating hole in the framework of Facebook's third-party application programming interface (API). It made it easier for people to lose their privacy. Felt and her co-researchers found that third-party platform applications on Facebook are provided with far more user information than it is needed. This potential privacy breach is actually built into the systematic framework of Facebook. Unfortunately, the flaws render the system to be almost indefensible. \"The question for social networks is resolving the difference between mistakes in implementation and what the design of the application platform is intended to allow,\" said David Evans, Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of Virginia. Moreover, there is also the question of who should be held responsible for the lack of user privacy? According to Evan, the answer to the question is not likely to be found, because a better regulated API would be required for Facebook \"to break a lot of applications, [especially when] a lot of companies are trying to make money off [these] applications.\" Felt agrees with her conclusion, because \"there are marketing businesses built on top of the idea that third parties can get access to data and user information on Facebook.\"",2,null,89,false,"91_3_CAR_17e18a95aa7892169934f8befe9432bb8e33b31c","CAR_17e18a95aa7892169934f8befe9432bb8e33b31c","91_3_CAR_801645c8124f50e61922ae98ff83eeaafcedbe82","CAR_801645c8124f50e61922ae98ff83eeaafcedbe82","91_3_MARCO_8810548","MARCO_8810548",null,"What are the privacy implications of social networks and cloud computing?","CAR_6bca7c398960273b4182833a4b820348ce35d009","91_3_CAR_6bca7c398960273b4182833a4b820348ce35d009","Social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. Privacy concerns with social networking services is a subset of data privacy, involving the right of mandating personal privacy concerning storing, re-purposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via the Internet. Social network security and privacy issues result from the astronomical amounts of information these sites process each day. Features that invite users to participate in—messages, invitations, photos, open platform applications and other applications are often the venues for others to gain access to a user's private information. In addition, the technologies needed to deal with user’s information may intrude their privacy. More specifically, In the case of Facebook. Adrienne Felt, a Ph.D. candidate at Berkeley, made small headlines last year when she exposed a potentially devastating hole in the framework of Facebook's third-party application programming interface (API). It made it easier for people to lose their privacy. Felt and her co-researchers found that third-party platform applications on Facebook are provided with far more user information than it is needed. This potential privacy breach is actually built into the systematic framework of Facebook. Unfortunately, the flaws render the system to be almost indefensible. \"The question for social networks is resolving the difference between mistakes in implementation and what the design of the application platform is intended to allow,\" said David Evans, Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of Virginia. Moreover, there is also the question of who should be held responsible for the lack of user privacy? According to Evan, the answer to the question is not likely to be found, because a better regulated API would be required for Facebook \"to break a lot of applications, [especially when] a lot of companies are trying to make money off [these] applications.\" Felt agrees with her conclusion, because \"there are marketing businesses built on top of the idea that third parties can get access to data and user information on Facebook.\"",2]
["Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_4","Are Internet Protocol (IP) addresses referred to as Personally Identifiable Information (PII)? What else does the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) consider personal data?","Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information that can include social media posts, photographs, lifestyle preferences and transaction histories. And now, thanks to the German Pirate Party, even IP addresses. In other words, all PII is personal data but not all personal data is PII. Building a successful GDPR compliance program will require marketers and IT architects to move beyond the narrow scope of PII to consider the full range of personal data as defined by the EU. Or yer might find yerself keelhauled by a court, matey. This is the first in a series of occasional blog posts exploring key concepts behind GDPR.",3,null,"Internet Protocol (IP) is within the scope of the General Data Protection Regulation's (GDPR) definition for Personally Identifiable Information (PII)? What else is classified as such under this legislation?","Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information that can include social media posts, photographs, lifestyle preferences and transaction histories. And now, thanks to the German Pirate Party, even IP addresses. In other words, all PII is personal data but not all personal data is PII. Building a successful GDPR compliance program will require marketers and IT architects to move beyond the narrow scope of PII to consider the full range of personal data as defined by the EU. Or yer might find yerself keelhauled by a court, matey. This is the first in a series of occasional blog posts exploring key concepts behind GDPR.",3,null,"Is Internet Protocol (I.P.) considered personal data? What else can GDPR protect and safeguard as personal data?","Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information that can include social media posts, photographs, lifestyle preferences and transaction histories. And now, thanks to the German Pirate Party, even IP addresses. In other words, all PII is personal data but not all personal data is PII. Building a successful GDPR compliance program will require marketers and IT architects to move beyond the narrow scope of PII to consider the full range of personal data as defined by the EU. Or yer might find yerself keelhauled by a court, matey. This is the first in a series of occasional blog posts exploring key concepts behind GDPR.",3,null,"Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information that can include social media posts, photographs, lifestyle preferences and transaction histories. And now, thanks to the German Pirate Party, even IP addresses. In other words, all PII is personal data but not all personal data is PII. Building a successful GDPR compliance program will require marketers and IT architects to move beyond the narrow scope of PII to consider the full range of personal data as defined by the EU. Or yer might find yerself keelhauled by a court, matey. This is the first in a series of occasional blog posts exploring key concepts behind GDPR.",3,null,90,true,"91_4_MARCO_1109622","MARCO_1109622","91_4_MARCO_1109622","MARCO_1109622","91_4_MARCO_1109622","MARCO_1109622",null,"Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_1109622","91_4_MARCO_1109622","Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information that can include social media posts, photographs, lifestyle preferences and transaction histories. And now, thanks to the German Pirate Party, even IP addresses. In other words, all PII is personal data but not all personal data is PII. Building a successful GDPR compliance program will require marketers and IT architects to move beyond the narrow scope of PII to consider the full range of personal data as defined by the EU. Or yer might find yerself keelhauled by a court, matey. This is the first in a series of occasional blog posts exploring key concepts behind GDPR.",3]
["Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_4","Are Internet Protocol (IP) addresses referred to as Personally Identifiable Information (PII)? What else does the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) consider personal data?","NIST Special Publication 800-122 defines PII as \"any information about an individual maintained by an agency, including (1) any information that can be used to distinguish or trace an individual's identity, such as name, social security number, date and place of birth, mother's maiden name, or biometric records; and (2) any other information that is linked or linkable to an individual, such as medical, educational, financial, and employment information.\" So, for example, a user's IP address is not classed as PII on its own, but is classified as linked PII (see Section 3.3.3 Under “Identifiability” for more detail). Also see federal judge ruling in the District of New Jersey dismissed on the pleadings a VPPA claim against Viacom on the grounds that device identifiers, cookie IDs, and IP addresses when linked to video titles are not personally identifiable information.",0,null,"Internet Protocol (IP) is within the scope of the General Data Protection Regulation's (GDPR) definition for Personally Identifiable Information (PII)? What else is classified as such under this legislation?","NIST Special Publication 800-122 defines PII as \"any information about an individual maintained by an agency, including (1) any information that can be used to distinguish or trace an individual's identity, such as name, social security number, date and place of birth, mother's maiden name, or biometric records; and (2) any other information that is linked or linkable to an individual, such as medical, educational, financial, and employment information.\" So, for example, a user's IP address is not classed as PII on its own, but is classified as linked PII (see Section 3.3.3 Under “Identifiability” for more detail). Also see federal judge ruling in the District of New Jersey dismissed on the pleadings a VPPA claim against Viacom on the grounds that device identifiers, cookie IDs, and IP addresses when linked to video titles are not personally identifiable information.",0,null,"Is Internet Protocol (I.P.) considered personal data? What else can GDPR protect and safeguard as personal data?","IP is a connectionless protocol, which means that there is no continuing connection between the end points that are communicating. Each packet that travels through the Internet is treated as an independent unit of data without any relation to any other unit of data.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information than PII, a commonly used term in North America. Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information than PII, a commonly used term in North America.",0,null,90,true,"91_4_CAR_9cc4398e7cf47272d597178f6341250f9633edc3","CAR_9cc4398e7cf47272d597178f6341250f9633edc3","91_4_CAR_9cc4398e7cf47272d597178f6341250f9633edc3","CAR_9cc4398e7cf47272d597178f6341250f9633edc3","91_4_MARCO_428977","MARCO_428977",null,"Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_1109621","91_4_MARCO_1109621","Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information than PII, a commonly used term in North America. Personal data, in the context of GDPR, covers a much wider range of information than PII, a commonly used term in North America.",0]
["Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_4","Are Internet Protocol (IP) addresses referred to as Personally Identifiable Information (PII)? What else does the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) consider personal data?","GDPR defines personal data as any information relating to an already identified individual or that can identify an individual either directly or indirectly. Does that help? Sam: Not completely, so is a personâ€™s name considered personal information? Nigel: Yes. Sam: Great, can you give me the rest of the list?",1,null,"Internet Protocol (IP) is within the scope of the General Data Protection Regulation's (GDPR) definition for Personally Identifiable Information (PII)? What else is classified as such under this legislation?","'IP' (Internet Protocol) is the method used for sending and receiving information over the Internet. Any device that is required to communicate over the Internet is assigned a 32-bit number, its IP address, which uniquely identifies it to other devices.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Is Internet Protocol (I.P.) considered personal data? What else can GDPR protect and safeguard as personal data?","In 2010 the Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland found that IP addresses are personal information and that under Swiss privacy laws they may not be used to track Internet usage without the knowledge of the individuals involved. Switzerland's Federal Data Protection and Information Commissioner praised the decision and said that companies using personal information to track Internet usage are assuming \"tasks clearly in the State's domain\" and only the state can violate personal privacy and only when pursuing criminal cases. He also made clear his view that the \"decision provides no protection for anyone breaking the law. Clearly it should be possible to punish copyright infringements on the Internet\".",0,null,"Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","The GDPR definition is much broader: â€œany information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person.â€\u009d The definition adds further detail that confirms the breadth of the what the GDPR means by personal data:",0,null,90,true,"91_4_MARCO_1109618","MARCO_1109618","91_4_MARCO_5884523","MARCO_5884523","91_4_CAR_e6f159029e17192aa804509793220b31461e4128","CAR_e6f159029e17192aa804509793220b31461e4128",null,"Oh, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are considered Personally Identifying Information (PII)? What is the full range of personal data defined in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_8090943","91_4_MARCO_8090943","The GDPR definition is much broader: â€œany information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person.â€\u009d The definition adds further detail that confirms the breadth of the what the GDPR means by personal data:",0]
["How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_5","What does the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) change in US organizations' data protection laws?","The original proposal also dictated that the legislation would in theory \"apply for all non-E.U. companies without any establishment in the E.U., provided that the processing of data is directed at E.U. residents,\" one of the biggest changes with the new legislation. This proposed change carried on through to the legislation's final approval on 14 April 2016, potentially affecting entities around the world. \"The Regulation applies to processing outside the EU that relates to the offering of goods or services to data subjects (individuals) in the EU or the monitoring of their behavior,\" according to W. Scott Blackmer of the InfoLawGroup, though he added \"[i]t is questionable whether European supervisory authorities or consumers would actually try to sue US-based operators over violations of the Regulation.\" Additional changes include stricter conditions for consent, broader definition of sensitive data, new provisions on protecting children's privacy, and the inclusion of \"rights to be forgotten.\"",0,null,"How does the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) affect US companies' business practices?","GDPR will clearly have an impact on how businesses manage data, but it also may have an impact on their bottom line. PHOTO: Aranami Any businesses still hedging their bets on the impact of the EUâ€™s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) may end up getting caught flat-footed if they donâ€™t have the right strategy in place.",0,null,"How do big companies in the United States prepare for the implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","The French Privacy Authority publishes a 6-step methodology for GDPR compliance. The French data protection authority (CNIL) issued a 6-step methodology for companies that want to prepare for the changes that will apply under the EU the General Data Protection Regulation (â€œGDPRâ€\u009d).",0,null,"How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","In May 2018, a European privacy law, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), is due to take effect. The GDPR imposes new rules on companies, government agencies, non-profits, and other organizations that offer goods and services to people in the European Union (EU), or that collect and analyze data tied to EU residents.",0,null,91,false,"91_5_CAR_add80597c62427b0464e489e2c75a6c945f9a284","CAR_add80597c62427b0464e489e2c75a6c945f9a284","91_5_MARCO_8090942","MARCO_8090942","91_5_MARCO_8776210","MARCO_8776210",null,"How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_1109620","91_5_MARCO_1109620","In May 2018, a European privacy law, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), is due to take effect. The GDPR imposes new rules on companies, government agencies, non-profits, and other organizations that offer goods and services to people in the European Union (EU), or that collect and analyze data tied to EU residents.",0]
["How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_5","What does the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) change in US organizations' data protection laws?","The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) is a Regulation by which the European Parliament, the Council and the European Commission intend to strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU). It also addresses export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens back the control of their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU. When the GDPR takes effect it will replace the data protection directive (officially Directive 95/46/EC)  from 1995. Perhaps confusingly for some, there is a new directive as well as a new regulation; it will apply to police procedures, which will continue to vary from one Member State to the other.",0,null,"How does the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) affect US companies' business practices?","Since early 2012, the European Union has been working on a General Data Protection Regulation to replace the Data Protection Directive and harmonise data protection and privacy law. On 20 October 2013, a committee at the European Parliament backed the measure, which, if it is enacted, could require American companies to seek clearance from European officials before complying with United States warrants seeking private data. The vote is part of efforts in Europe to shield citizens from online surveillance in the wake of revelations about a far-reaching spying program by the U.S. National Security Agency. European Union justice and rights commissioner Viviane Reding said \"The question has arisen whether the large-scale collection and processing of personal information under US surveillance programmes is necessary and proportionate to meet the interests of national security.\" The EU is also asking the US for changes to US legislation to match the legal redress offered in Europe; American citizens in Europe can go to the courts if they feel their rights are infringed but Europeans without right of residence in America cannot. When the EU / US arrangement to implement International Safe Harbor Privacy Principles were struck down by the European Court of Justice, a new framework for transatlantic data flows, called the \"EU-US Privacy Shield\", was adopted in July 2016.",1,null,"How do big companies in the United States prepare for the implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","By Carol A.F. Umhoefer (carol.umhoefer@dlapiper.com) and Caroline ChancÃ© (caroline.chance@dlapiper.com) On March 15, 2017, the CNIL published a 6-step methodology for companies that want to prepare for the changes that will apply as from May 25, 2018 under the EU the General Data Protection Regulation (â€œGDPRâ€\u009d).",0,null,"How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","Since early 2012, the European Union has been working on a General Data Protection Regulation to replace the Data Protection Directive and harmonise data protection and privacy law. On 20 October 2013, a committee at the European Parliament backed the measure, which, if it is enacted, could require American companies to seek clearance from European officials before complying with United States warrants seeking private data. The vote is part of efforts in Europe to shield citizens from online surveillance in the wake of revelations about a far-reaching spying program by the U.S. National Security Agency. European Union justice and rights commissioner Viviane Reding said \"The question has arisen whether the large-scale collection and processing of personal information under US surveillance programmes is necessary and proportionate to meet the interests of national security.\" The EU is also asking the US for changes to US legislation to match the legal redress offered in Europe; American citizens in Europe can go to the courts if they feel their rights are infringed but Europeans without right of residence in America cannot. When the EU / US arrangement to implement International Safe Harbor Privacy Principles were struck down by the European Court of Justice, a new framework for transatlantic data flows, called the \"EU-US Privacy Shield\", was adopted in July 2016.",1,null,91,false,"91_5_CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","CAR_1543e810e31ad80b08f252ae8d6182c3c529da0f","91_5_CAR_6c47eb74e459d7c83ccda62959ea9c64c255e4bc","CAR_6c47eb74e459d7c83ccda62959ea9c64c255e4bc","91_5_MARCO_8776208","MARCO_8776208",null,"How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","CAR_6c47eb74e459d7c83ccda62959ea9c64c255e4bc","91_5_CAR_6c47eb74e459d7c83ccda62959ea9c64c255e4bc","Since early 2012, the European Union has been working on a General Data Protection Regulation to replace the Data Protection Directive and harmonise data protection and privacy law. On 20 October 2013, a committee at the European Parliament backed the measure, which, if it is enacted, could require American companies to seek clearance from European officials before complying with United States warrants seeking private data. The vote is part of efforts in Europe to shield citizens from online surveillance in the wake of revelations about a far-reaching spying program by the U.S. National Security Agency. European Union justice and rights commissioner Viviane Reding said \"The question has arisen whether the large-scale collection and processing of personal information under US surveillance programmes is necessary and proportionate to meet the interests of national security.\" The EU is also asking the US for changes to US legislation to match the legal redress offered in Europe; American citizens in Europe can go to the courts if they feel their rights are infringed but Europeans without right of residence in America cannot. When the EU / US arrangement to implement International Safe Harbor Privacy Principles were struck down by the European Court of Justice, a new framework for transatlantic data flows, called the \"EU-US Privacy Shield\", was adopted in July 2016.",1]
["How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","91_5","What does the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) change in US organizations' data protection laws?","In May 2018, a European privacy law, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), is due to take effect. The GDPR imposes new rules on companies, government agencies, non-profits, and other organizations that offer goods and services to people in the European Union (EU), or that collect and analyze data tied to EU residents.",0,null,"How does the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) affect US companies' business practices?","The original proposal also dictated that the legislation would in theory \"apply for all non-E.U. companies without any establishment in the E.U., provided that the processing of data is directed at E.U. residents,\" one of the biggest changes with the new legislation. This proposed change carried on through to the legislation's final approval on 14 April 2016, potentially affecting entities around the world. \"The Regulation applies to processing outside the EU that relates to the offering of goods or services to data subjects (individuals) in the EU or the monitoring of their behavior,\" according to W. Scott Blackmer of the InfoLawGroup, though he added \"[i]t is questionable whether European supervisory authorities or consumers would actually try to sue US-based operators over violations of the Regulation.\" Additional changes include stricter conditions for consent, broader definition of sensitive data, new provisions on protecting children's privacy, and the inclusion of \"rights to be forgotten.\"",0,null,"How do big companies in the United States prepare for the implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","FRANCE: The French Data Protection Authority (CNIL) Publishes 6-Step Methodology For Compliance With GDPR. On March 15, 2017, the CNIL published a 6-step methodology for companies that want to prepare for the changes that will apply as from May 25, 2018 under the EU the General Data Protection Regulation (â€œGDPRâ€\u009d).",0,null,"How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","This regulation is called the EU General Data Protection Regulation or GDPR, and is aimed at guiding and regulating the way companies across the world will handle their customersâ€™ personal information and creating strengthened and unified data protection for all individuals within the EU.",0,null,91,false,"91_5_MARCO_1109620","MARCO_1109620","91_5_CAR_add80597c62427b0464e489e2c75a6c945f9a284","CAR_add80597c62427b0464e489e2c75a6c945f9a284","91_5_MARCO_8776206","MARCO_8776206",null,"How do big companies in the United States (US) adapt to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?","MARCO_995083","91_5_MARCO_995083","This regulation is called the EU General Data Protection Regulation or GDPR, and is aimed at guiding and regulating the way companies across the world will handle their customersâ€™ personal information and creating strengthened and unified data protection for all individuals within the EU.",0]
["OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","91_6","How do you address privacy issues in social media networks?","There is hence a dire need for improving User's awareness swiftly, in order to address growing security and privacy concerns caused due to merely user's unawareness. Social networking sites themselves can take a responsibility and make such awareness possible by means of participatory methods by virtual online means.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Tell me about security concerns in social media.","Safety issues (including security, privacy, and trust) in mobile social networks are concerned about the condition of being protected against different types of failure, damage, error, accidents, harm or any other non-desirable event, while mobile carriers contact each other in mobile environments. However, lack of a protective infrastructure in these networks has turned them in to convenient targets for various perils. This is the main impulse why MSNs carry disparate and intricate safety concerns and embrace divergent safety challenging problems.",1,null,"What about privacy concerns in the social network?","Social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. Privacy concerns with social networking services is a subset of data privacy, involving the right of mandating personal privacy concerning storing, re-purposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via the Internet. Social network security and privacy issues result from the astronomical amounts of information these sites process each day. Features that invite users to participate in—messages, invitations, photos, open platform applications and other applications are often the venues for others to gain access to a user's private information. In addition, the technologies needed to deal with user’s information may intrude their privacy. More specifically, In the case of Facebook. Adrienne Felt, a Ph.D. candidate at Berkeley, made small headlines last year when she exposed a potentially devastating hole in the framework of Facebook's third-party application programming interface (API). It made it easier for people to lose their privacy. Felt and her co-researchers found that third-party platform applications on Facebook are provided with far more user information than it is needed. This potential privacy breach is actually built into the systematic framework of Facebook. Unfortunately, the flaws render the system to be almost indefensible. \"The question for social networks is resolving the difference between mistakes in implementation and what the design of the application platform is intended to allow,\" said David Evans, Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of Virginia. Moreover, there is also the question of who should be held responsible for the lack of user privacy? According to Evan, the answer to the question is not likely to be found, because a better regulated API would be required for Facebook \"to break a lot of applications, [especially when] a lot of companies are trying to make money off [these] applications.\" Felt agrees with her conclusion, because \"there are marketing businesses built on top of the idea that third parties can get access to data and user information on Facebook.\"",3,null,"OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","Social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. Privacy concerns with social networking services is a subset of data privacy, involving the right of mandating personal privacy concerning storing, re-purposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via the Internet. Social network security and privacy issues result from the astronomical amounts of information these sites process each day. Features that invite users to participate in—messages, invitations, photos, open platform applications and other applications are often the venues for others to gain access to a user's private information. In addition, the technologies needed to deal with user’s information may intrude their privacy. More specifically, In the case of Facebook. Adrienne Felt, a Ph.D. candidate at Berkeley, made small headlines last year when she exposed a potentially devastating hole in the framework of Facebook's third-party application programming interface (API). It made it easier for people to lose their privacy. Felt and her co-researchers found that third-party platform applications on Facebook are provided with far more user information than it is needed. This potential privacy breach is actually built into the systematic framework of Facebook. Unfortunately, the flaws render the system to be almost indefensible. \"The question for social networks is resolving the difference between mistakes in implementation and what the design of the application platform is intended to allow,\" said David Evans, Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of Virginia. Moreover, there is also the question of who should be held responsible for the lack of user privacy? According to Evan, the answer to the question is not likely to be found, because a better regulated API would be required for Facebook \"to break a lot of applications, [especially when] a lot of companies are trying to make money off [these] applications.\" Felt agrees with her conclusion, because \"there are marketing businesses built on top of the idea that third parties can get access to data and user information on Facebook.\"",3,null,92,true,"91_6_CAR_ba92a4a0cb33953699c512a4a4be5df931ac3dc2","CAR_ba92a4a0cb33953699c512a4a4be5df931ac3dc2","91_6_CAR_7bda7499402e79e8a2b539c13ce93d8bc2b56e2c","CAR_7bda7499402e79e8a2b539c13ce93d8bc2b56e2c","91_6_CAR_6bca7c398960273b4182833a4b820348ce35d009","CAR_6bca7c398960273b4182833a4b820348ce35d009",null,"OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","CAR_6bca7c398960273b4182833a4b820348ce35d009","91_6_CAR_6bca7c398960273b4182833a4b820348ce35d009","Social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. Privacy concerns with social networking services is a subset of data privacy, involving the right of mandating personal privacy concerning storing, re-purposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via the Internet. Social network security and privacy issues result from the astronomical amounts of information these sites process each day. Features that invite users to participate in—messages, invitations, photos, open platform applications and other applications are often the venues for others to gain access to a user's private information. In addition, the technologies needed to deal with user’s information may intrude their privacy. More specifically, In the case of Facebook. Adrienne Felt, a Ph.D. candidate at Berkeley, made small headlines last year when she exposed a potentially devastating hole in the framework of Facebook's third-party application programming interface (API). It made it easier for people to lose their privacy. Felt and her co-researchers found that third-party platform applications on Facebook are provided with far more user information than it is needed. This potential privacy breach is actually built into the systematic framework of Facebook. Unfortunately, the flaws render the system to be almost indefensible. \"The question for social networks is resolving the difference between mistakes in implementation and what the design of the application platform is intended to allow,\" said David Evans, Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of Virginia. Moreover, there is also the question of who should be held responsible for the lack of user privacy? According to Evan, the answer to the question is not likely to be found, because a better regulated API would be required for Facebook \"to break a lot of applications, [especially when] a lot of companies are trying to make money off [these] applications.\" Felt agrees with her conclusion, because \"there are marketing businesses built on top of the idea that third parties can get access to data and user information on Facebook.\"",3]
["OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","91_6","How do you address privacy issues in social media networks?","Movim addresses the privacy concerns related to centralized social networks by allowing users set up their own server (or \"pod\") to host content; pods can then interact to share status updates, photographs, and other social data. Users can export their data to other pods or offline allowing for greater flexibility.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Tell me about security concerns in social media.","Perhaps the biggest issue in the militaryâ€™s use of social media is security. And one of the biggest problems with security is that the traditional, bureaucratic approach isnâ€™t flexible enough to keep up with the rapidly changing social media landscape.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What about privacy concerns in the social network?","Privacy on social networking sites can be undermined by many factors. For example, users may disclose personal information, sites may not take adequate steps to protect user privacy, and third parties frequently use information posted on social networks for a variety of purposes. \"For the Net generation, social networking sites have become the preferred forum for social interactions, from posturing and role playing to simply sounding off. However, because such forums are relatively easy to access, posted content can be reviewed by anyone with an interest in the users' personal information\". The UK government has plans to monitor traffic on social networks. As well, schemes similar to e-mail jamming have been proposed for networks such as Twitter and Facebook. These would involve \"friending\" and \"following\" large numbers of random people to thwart attempts at network analysis. Privacy concerns have been found to differ between users according to gender and personality. Women are less likely to publish information that reveals methods of contacting them. Personality measures openness, extraversion, and conscientiousness were found to positively affect the willingness to disclose data, while neuroticism decreases the willingness to disclose personal information.",3,null,"OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","Another privacy issue with social networks is the privacy agreement. The privacy agreement states that the social network owns all of the content that users upload. This includes pictures, videos, and messages are all stored in the social networks database even if the user decides to terminate his or her account.",1,null,92,true,"91_6_CAR_7c9b92b579ca872946c2eab80f01437c856e3fbf","CAR_7c9b92b579ca872946c2eab80f01437c856e3fbf","91_6_MARCO_5563490","MARCO_5563490","91_6_CAR_25387db808afa7bd455e54d7f7622239a553afe9","CAR_25387db808afa7bd455e54d7f7622239a553afe9",null,"OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","CAR_87bb2cd8ca22dab4d528a85844a0e3a184d077d7","91_6_CAR_87bb2cd8ca22dab4d528a85844a0e3a184d077d7","Another privacy issue with social networks is the privacy agreement. The privacy agreement states that the social network owns all of the content that users upload. This includes pictures, videos, and messages are all stored in the social networks database even if the user decides to terminate his or her account.",1]
["OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","91_6","How do you address privacy issues in social media networks?","Social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. Privacy concerns with social networking services is a subset of data privacy, involving the right of mandating personal privacy concerning storing, re-purposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via the Internet. Social network security and privacy issues result from the astronomical amounts of information these sites process each day. Features that invite users to participate in—messages, invitations, photos, open platform applications and other applications are often the venues for others to gain access to a user's private information. In addition, the technologies needed to deal with user’s information may intrude their privacy. More specifically, In the case of Facebook. Adrienne Felt, a Ph.D. candidate at Berkeley, made small headlines last year when she exposed a potentially devastating hole in the framework of Facebook's third-party application programming interface (API). It made it easier for people to lose their privacy. Felt and her co-researchers found that third-party platform applications on Facebook are provided with far more user information than it is needed. This potential privacy breach is actually built into the systematic framework of Facebook. Unfortunately, the flaws render the system to be almost indefensible. \"The question for social networks is resolving the difference between mistakes in implementation and what the design of the application platform is intended to allow,\" said David Evans, Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of Virginia. Moreover, there is also the question of who should be held responsible for the lack of user privacy? According to Evan, the answer to the question is not likely to be found, because a better regulated API would be required for Facebook \"to break a lot of applications, [especially when] a lot of companies are trying to make money off [these] applications.\" Felt agrees with her conclusion, because \"there are marketing businesses built on top of the idea that third parties can get access to data and user information on Facebook.\"",3,null,"Tell me about security concerns in social media.","With the amount of data available about individuals accessible by many sources, privacy has become a major concern. Security breaches of customer and other social information such as the compromise of more than 56 million Home Depot customers’ credit card information  have impacted the concern of privacy with social data. How companies are using and the potential misuse of the personal information gathered is a concern for the majority of consumers. Despite this, many people do not know how social networking sites and other sources are using and selling their data.  In 2014 study, only 25% of online users knew that their location could be accessed and only 14% knew that their web-surfing history could be accessed and shared.",1,null,"What about privacy concerns in the social network?","Privacy concerns with social networking services have been raised growing concerns among users on the dangers of giving out too much personal information and the threat of sexual predators. Users of these services also need to be aware of data theft or viruses. However, large services, such as Myspace and Netlog, often work with law enforcement to try to prevent such incidents. In addition, there is a perceived privacy threat in relation to placing too much personal information in the hands of large corporations or governmental bodies, allowing a profile to be produced on an individual's behavior on which decisions, detrimental to an individual, may be taken. Furthermore, there is an issue over the control of data and information that was altered or removed by the user may in fact be retained and passed to third parties. This danger was highlighted when the controversial social networking site Quechup harvested e-mail addresses from users' e-mail accounts for use in a spamming operation.",2,null,"OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","Privacy on social networking sites can be undermined by many factors. For example, users may disclose personal information, sites may not take adequate steps to protect user privacy, and third parties frequently use information posted on social networks for a variety of purposes. \"For the Net generation, social networking sites have become the preferred forum for social interactions, from posturing and role playing to simply sounding off. However, because such forums are relatively easy to access, posted content can be reviewed by anyone with an interest in the users' personal information\". The UK government has plans to monitor traffic on social networks. As well, schemes similar to e-mail jamming have been proposed for networks such as Twitter and Facebook. These would involve \"friending\" and \"following\" large numbers of random people to thwart attempts at network analysis. Privacy concerns have been found to differ between users according to gender and personality. Women are less likely to publish information that reveals methods of contacting them. Personality measures openness, extraversion, and conscientiousness were found to positively affect the willingness to disclose data, while neuroticism decreases the willingness to disclose personal information.",3,null,92,true,"91_6_CAR_6bca7c398960273b4182833a4b820348ce35d009","CAR_6bca7c398960273b4182833a4b820348ce35d009","91_6_CAR_350158d57f1ad7999eda2e1e994253617a3b5618","CAR_350158d57f1ad7999eda2e1e994253617a3b5618","91_6_CAR_c25701ae16a01c8472c5fb292102d6e1eb18465f","CAR_c25701ae16a01c8472c5fb292102d6e1eb18465f",null,"OK. Tell me about the privacy issues in social networks.","CAR_25387db808afa7bd455e54d7f7622239a553afe9","91_6_CAR_25387db808afa7bd455e54d7f7622239a553afe9","Privacy on social networking sites can be undermined by many factors. For example, users may disclose personal information, sites may not take adequate steps to protect user privacy, and third parties frequently use information posted on social networks for a variety of purposes. \"For the Net generation, social networking sites have become the preferred forum for social interactions, from posturing and role playing to simply sounding off. However, because such forums are relatively easy to access, posted content can be reviewed by anyone with an interest in the users' personal information\". The UK government has plans to monitor traffic on social networks. As well, schemes similar to e-mail jamming have been proposed for networks such as Twitter and Facebook. These would involve \"friending\" and \"following\" large numbers of random people to thwart attempts at network analysis. Privacy concerns have been found to differ between users according to gender and personality. Women are less likely to publish information that reveals methods of contacting them. Personality measures openness, extraversion, and conscientiousness were found to positively affect the willingness to disclose data, while neuroticism decreases the willingness to disclose personal information.",3]
["What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","91_7","What do social media users get for giving up their personal data?","Several web sites concerned with social networking, such as Plugtodo.com and Salesforce.com have criticized the lack of information that users get when they share data. Advanced users cannot limit the amount of information anyone can access in their profiles, but Facebook promotes the sharing of personal information for marketing purposes, leading to the promotion of the service using personal data from users who are not fully aware of this. Facebook exposes personal data, without supporting open standards for data interchange. According to several communities and authors closed social networking, on the other hand, promotes data retrieval from other people while not exposing one's personal information.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What does a social media user get from giving away his privacy?","Online communities like social networking websites have a very unclear distinction between private and public information. For most social networks, users have to give personal information to add to their profiles. Usually, users can control what type of information other people in the online community can access based on the users familiarity with the people or the users level of comfort. These limitations are known as \"privacy settings\". Privacy settings bring up the question of how privacy settings and terms of service affect the expectation of privacy in social media. After all, the purpose of an online community is to share a common space with one another. Furthermore, it is hard to take legal action when a user feels that his or her privacy has been invaded because he or she technically knew what the online community entailed. Creator of the social networking site Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg, noticed a change in users' behavior from when he first initiated Facebook. It seemed that \"society's willingness to share has created an environment where privacy concerns are less important to users of social networks today than they were when social networking began\".  However even though a user might keep his or her personal information private, his or her activity is open to the whole web to access. When a user posts information to a site or comments or responds to information posted by others, social networking sites create a tracking record of the user's activity.",0,null,"Why do people on social networks give up their privacy?","Privacy on social networking sites can be undermined by many factors. For example, users may disclose personal information, sites may not take adequate steps to protect user privacy, and third parties frequently use information posted on social networks for a variety of purposes. \"For the Net generation, social networking sites have become the preferred forum for social interactions, from posturing and role playing to simply sounding off. However, because such forums are relatively easy to access, posted content can be reviewed by anyone with an interest in the users' personal information\". The UK government has plans to monitor traffic on social networks. As well, schemes similar to e-mail jamming have been proposed for networks such as Twitter and Facebook. These would involve \"friending\" and \"following\" large numbers of random people to thwart attempts at network analysis. Privacy concerns have been found to differ between users according to gender and personality. Women are less likely to publish information that reveals methods of contacting them. Personality measures openness, extraversion, and conscientiousness were found to positively affect the willingness to disclose data, while neuroticism decreases the willingness to disclose personal information.",1,null,"What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","There is also the lack of transparency and privacy with companies who collect and share their user's data. This is a critical issue with both the trust and belief of the data and its uses. Many social networks have argued that their user's forfeit part of their privacy in order to provide their service for free. Several of these companies choose not to fully disclose what data is collected and who it is shared with. When data is volunteered to companies it is difficult to know what companies have gain data about you and your online activity. Much of an individual's data is shared with websites and social networks in order to provide a more customized marketing experience. Many of those social networks may share your information with intelligent  agencies and authorities without a user's knowledge. Since the recent scandal involving Edward Snowden and National Security Agency it has been revealed that authorities may have access to more data from various devices and platforms. It has become very difficult to know what will happen with your data or what specifically has been collected. It is also important to recognize that while online users are worried about their information many of those same worries are not always applied to their activities or behavior. With social networks collecting a large amount of personal data such as birth date, legal name, sex, and photos there is an issue of dataveillance compromising confidentiality. Ultimately, dataveillance can comprise online anonymity.",0,null,93,false,"91_7_CAR_5db1f4ed3d3c7da596cb98d36a98507044e69371","CAR_5db1f4ed3d3c7da596cb98d36a98507044e69371","91_7_CAR_cd81be5152101677286d16cbeb491adb8b37cd59","CAR_cd81be5152101677286d16cbeb491adb8b37cd59","91_7_CAR_25387db808afa7bd455e54d7f7622239a553afe9","CAR_25387db808afa7bd455e54d7f7622239a553afe9",null,"What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","CAR_d5bc595d0267a7c775eb15104b7f3b93abdc1e60","91_7_CAR_d5bc595d0267a7c775eb15104b7f3b93abdc1e60","There is also the lack of transparency and privacy with companies who collect and share their user's data. This is a critical issue with both the trust and belief of the data and its uses. Many social networks have argued that their user's forfeit part of their privacy in order to provide their service for free. Several of these companies choose not to fully disclose what data is collected and who it is shared with. When data is volunteered to companies it is difficult to know what companies have gain data about you and your online activity. Much of an individual's data is shared with websites and social networks in order to provide a more customized marketing experience. Many of those social networks may share your information with intelligent  agencies and authorities without a user's knowledge. Since the recent scandal involving Edward Snowden and National Security Agency it has been revealed that authorities may have access to more data from various devices and platforms. It has become very difficult to know what will happen with your data or what specifically has been collected. It is also important to recognize that while online users are worried about their information many of those same worries are not always applied to their activities or behavior. With social networks collecting a large amount of personal data such as birth date, legal name, sex, and photos there is an issue of dataveillance compromising confidentiality. Ultimately, dataveillance can comprise online anonymity.",0]
["What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","91_7","What do social media users get for giving up their personal data?","Privacy rights advocates warn users on social media about the collection of their personal data. Some information is captured without the user's knowledge or consent through electronic tracking and third party applications. Data may also be collected for law enforcement and governmental purposes, by social media intelligence using data mining techniques. Data and information may also be collected for third party use. When information is shared on social media, that information is no longer private. There have been many cases in which young persons especially, share personal information, which can attract predators. It is very important to monitor what you share, and to be aware of who you could potentially be sharing that information with. Teens especially share significantly more information on the internet now than they have in the past. Teen are much more likely to share their personal information, such as email address, phone number, and school names. Studies suggest that teens are not aware of what they are posting and how much of that information can be accessed by third parties.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What does a social media user get from giving away his privacy?","There are arguments that \"privacy is dead\" and that with social media growing more and more, some heavy social media users appear to have become quite unconcerned with privacy. Others argue, however, that people are still very concerned about their privacy, but are being ignored by the companies running these social networks, who can sometimes make a profit off of sharing someone's personal information. There is also a disconnect between social media user's words and their actions. Studies suggest that surveys show that people want to keep their lives private, but their actions on social media suggest otherwise. Another factor is ignorance of how accessible social media posts are. Some social media users who have been criticized for inappropriate comments stated that they did not realize that anyone outside their circle of friends would read their post; in fact, on some social media sites, unless a user selects higher privacy settings, their content is shared with a wide audience.",0,null,"Why do people on social networks give up their privacy?","Privacy issues associated with social networking sites can be seen from many perspectives. Some people will argue that this is just a part of globalization and the growth of technology, while others will still believe that it is a right for any citizen, and will never change their views and perspectives about their privacy. With the increase in popularity of social networking, many users have given up their personal privacy in order to join these networks. Social media privacy issues didn’t begin with social networking sites; they have historically been persistent issues with many other types of social media such as text messaging, instant messaging and computer-supported collaboration work.",0,null,"What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","Privacy on social networking sites can be undermined by many factors. For example, users may disclose personal information, sites may not take adequate steps to protect user privacy, and third parties frequently use information posted on social networks for a variety of purposes. \"For the Net generation, social networking sites have become the preferred forum for social interactions, from posturing and role playing to simply sounding off. However, because such forums are relatively easy to access, posted content can be reviewed by anyone with an interest in the users' personal information\". The UK government has plans to monitor traffic on social networks. As well, schemes similar to e-mail jamming have been proposed for networks such as Twitter and Facebook. These would involve \"friending\" and \"following\" large numbers of random people to thwart attempts at network analysis. Privacy concerns have been found to differ between users according to gender and personality. Women are less likely to publish information that reveals methods of contacting them. Personality measures openness, extraversion, and conscientiousness were found to positively affect the willingness to disclose data, while neuroticism decreases the willingness to disclose personal information.",1,null,93,false,"91_7_CAR_109928d08708526fac1a32c8fe8e58d0e310a44d","CAR_109928d08708526fac1a32c8fe8e58d0e310a44d","91_7_CAR_22867438298ebd6964d4009031d0458e4c0bf852","CAR_22867438298ebd6964d4009031d0458e4c0bf852","91_7_CAR_17e18a95aa7892169934f8befe9432bb8e33b31c","CAR_17e18a95aa7892169934f8befe9432bb8e33b31c",null,"What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","CAR_25387db808afa7bd455e54d7f7622239a553afe9","91_7_CAR_25387db808afa7bd455e54d7f7622239a553afe9","Privacy on social networking sites can be undermined by many factors. For example, users may disclose personal information, sites may not take adequate steps to protect user privacy, and third parties frequently use information posted on social networks for a variety of purposes. \"For the Net generation, social networking sites have become the preferred forum for social interactions, from posturing and role playing to simply sounding off. However, because such forums are relatively easy to access, posted content can be reviewed by anyone with an interest in the users' personal information\". The UK government has plans to monitor traffic on social networks. As well, schemes similar to e-mail jamming have been proposed for networks such as Twitter and Facebook. These would involve \"friending\" and \"following\" large numbers of random people to thwart attempts at network analysis. Privacy concerns have been found to differ between users according to gender and personality. Women are less likely to publish information that reveals methods of contacting them. Personality measures openness, extraversion, and conscientiousness were found to positively affect the willingness to disclose data, while neuroticism decreases the willingness to disclose personal information.",1]
["What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","91_7","What do social media users get for giving up their personal data?","There is also the lack of transparency and privacy with companies who collect and share their user's data. This is a critical issue with both the trust and belief of the data and its uses. Many social networks have argued that their user's forfeit part of their privacy in order to provide their service for free. Several of these companies choose not to fully disclose what data is collected and who it is shared with. When data is volunteered to companies it is difficult to know what companies have gain data about you and your online activity. Much of an individual's data is shared with websites and social networks in order to provide a more customized marketing experience. Many of those social networks may share your information with intelligent  agencies and authorities without a user's knowledge. Since the recent scandal involving Edward Snowden and National Security Agency it has been revealed that authorities may have access to more data from various devices and platforms. It has become very difficult to know what will happen with your data or what specifically has been collected. It is also important to recognize that while online users are worried about their information many of those same worries are not always applied to their activities or behavior. With social networks collecting a large amount of personal data such as birth date, legal name, sex, and photos there is an issue of dataveillance compromising confidentiality. Ultimately, dataveillance can comprise online anonymity.",0,null,"What does a social media user get from giving away his privacy?","Privacy issues associated with social networking sites can be seen from many perspectives. Some people will argue that this is just a part of globalization and the growth of technology, while others will still believe that it is a right for any citizen, and will never change their views and perspectives about their privacy. With the increase in popularity of social networking, many users have given up their personal privacy in order to join these networks. Social media privacy issues didn’t begin with social networking sites; they have historically been persistent issues with many other types of social media such as text messaging, instant messaging and computer-supported collaboration work.",0,null,"Why do people on social networks give up their privacy?","Social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. Privacy concerns with social networking services is a subset of data privacy, involving the right of mandating personal privacy concerning storing, re-purposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via the Internet. Social network security and privacy issues result from the astronomical amounts of information these sites process each day. Features that invite users to participate in—messages, invitations, photos, open platform applications and other applications are often the venues for others to gain access to a user's private information. In addition, the technologies needed to deal with user’s information may intrude their privacy. More specifically, In the case of Facebook. Adrienne Felt, a Ph.D. candidate at Berkeley, made small headlines last year when she exposed a potentially devastating hole in the framework of Facebook's third-party application programming interface (API). It made it easier for people to lose their privacy. Felt and her co-researchers found that third-party platform applications on Facebook are provided with far more user information than it is needed. This potential privacy breach is actually built into the systematic framework of Facebook. Unfortunately, the flaws render the system to be almost indefensible. \"The question for social networks is resolving the difference between mistakes in implementation and what the design of the application platform is intended to allow,\" said David Evans, Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of Virginia. Moreover, there is also the question of who should be held responsible for the lack of user privacy? According to Evan, the answer to the question is not likely to be found, because a better regulated API would be required for Facebook \"to break a lot of applications, [especially when] a lot of companies are trying to make money off [these] applications.\" Felt agrees with her conclusion, because \"there are marketing businesses built on top of the idea that third parties can get access to data and user information on Facebook.\"",2,null,"What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","Social networking sites try to get users to use their real names, interests, and locations, rather than pseudonyms. These website's leaders believe this makes the social networking experience more engaging for users. On the other hand, uploaded photographs or unguarded statements can be identified to an individual, who may regret this exposure. Employers, schools, parents, and other relatives may be influenced by aspects of social networking profiles, such as text posts or digital photos, that the posting individual did not intend for these audiences. On-line bullies may make use of personal information to harass or stalk users. Modern social networking websites allow fine grained control of the privacy settings for each individual posting, but these can be complex and not easy to find or use, especially for beginners. Photographs and videos posted onto websites have caused particular problems, as they can add a person's face to an on-line profile. With modern and potential facial recognition technology, it may then be possible to relate that face with other, previously anonymous, images, events and scenarios that have been imaged elsewhere. Because of image caching, mirroring and copying, it is difficult to remove an image from the World Wide Web.",1,null,93,false,"91_7_CAR_d5bc595d0267a7c775eb15104b7f3b93abdc1e60","CAR_d5bc595d0267a7c775eb15104b7f3b93abdc1e60","91_7_CAR_17e18a95aa7892169934f8befe9432bb8e33b31c","CAR_17e18a95aa7892169934f8befe9432bb8e33b31c","91_7_CAR_6bca7c398960273b4182833a4b820348ce35d009","CAR_6bca7c398960273b4182833a4b820348ce35d009",null,"What do users of social networks get in return for by giving up their privacy?","CAR_7bf8e5ba0ede41788e45496b46b21abc6632b0a7","91_7_CAR_7bf8e5ba0ede41788e45496b46b21abc6632b0a7","Social networking sites try to get users to use their real names, interests, and locations, rather than pseudonyms. These website's leaders believe this makes the social networking experience more engaging for users. On the other hand, uploaded photographs or unguarded statements can be identified to an individual, who may regret this exposure. Employers, schools, parents, and other relatives may be influenced by aspects of social networking profiles, such as text posts or digital photos, that the posting individual did not intend for these audiences. On-line bullies may make use of personal information to harass or stalk users. Modern social networking websites allow fine grained control of the privacy settings for each individual posting, but these can be complex and not easy to find or use, especially for beginners. Photographs and videos posted onto websites have caused particular problems, as they can add a person's face to an on-line profile. With modern and potential facial recognition technology, it may then be possible to relate that face with other, previously anonymous, images, events and scenarios that have been imaged elsewhere. Because of image caching, mirroring and copying, it is difficult to remove an image from the World Wide Web.",1]
["What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","91_8","What is social media addiction? What are the signs?","Recent studies have shown a connection between online social media such as Facebook use to addictive behaviors, emotion regulation, impulse control, and substance abuse. Results from a survey of university undergraduates showed that almost 10% met criteria for what investigators describe as \"disordered social networking use.\" Respondents who met criteria for \"Facebook addiction\" also reported statistically significant symptoms commonly linked to addiction, such as tolerance (increased Facebook use over time), withdrawal (irritability when unable to access Facebook), and cravings to access the site, she added. \"Our findings suggest that there may be shared mechanisms underlying both substance and behavioral addictions,\" Hormes added.",3,null,"What are some common symptoms of social media dependence?","If you find yourself feeling stressed, anxious or having negative thoughts after using social media, it may be time for a break. Here are seven telltale signs social media could be negatively impacting your self-esteemâ€¦and what you can do about it. 1. Social media disrupts your real-world thoughts and interactions. If you feel worried or uncomfortable when you're unable to access social media or your emails, it is likely your social media dependency is impacting your psyche.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What are some signs of social media addiction?","Recent studies have shown a connection between online social media such as Facebook use to addictive behaviors, emotion regulation, impulse control, and substance abuse. Results from a survey of university undergraduates showed that almost 10% met criteria for what investigators describe as \"disordered social networking use.\" Respondents who met criteria for \"Facebook addiction\" also reported statistically significant symptoms commonly linked to addiction, such as tolerance (increased Facebook use over time), withdrawal (irritability when unable to access Facebook), and cravings to access the site, she added. \"Our findings suggest that there may be shared mechanisms underlying both substance and behavioral addictions,\" Hormes added.",3,null,"What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","Recent studies have shown a connection between online social media such as Facebook use to addictive behaviors, emotion regulation, impulse control, and substance abuse. Results from a survey of university undergraduates showed that almost 10% met criteria for what investigators describe as \"disordered social networking use.\" Respondents who met criteria for \"Facebook addiction\" also reported statistically significant symptoms commonly linked to addiction, such as tolerance (increased Facebook use over time), withdrawal (irritability when unable to access Facebook), and cravings to access the site, she added. \"Our findings suggest that there may be shared mechanisms underlying both substance and behavioral addictions,\" Hormes added.",3,null,94,true,"91_8_CAR_43ff1c0a9af250ae161870ea580dfb139e76f7b1","CAR_43ff1c0a9af250ae161870ea580dfb139e76f7b1","91_8_MARCO_1716203","MARCO_1716203","91_8_CAR_43ff1c0a9af250ae161870ea580dfb139e76f7b1","CAR_43ff1c0a9af250ae161870ea580dfb139e76f7b1",null,"What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","CAR_43ff1c0a9af250ae161870ea580dfb139e76f7b1","91_8_CAR_43ff1c0a9af250ae161870ea580dfb139e76f7b1","Recent studies have shown a connection between online social media such as Facebook use to addictive behaviors, emotion regulation, impulse control, and substance abuse. Results from a survey of university undergraduates showed that almost 10% met criteria for what investigators describe as \"disordered social networking use.\" Respondents who met criteria for \"Facebook addiction\" also reported statistically significant symptoms commonly linked to addiction, such as tolerance (increased Facebook use over time), withdrawal (irritability when unable to access Facebook), and cravings to access the site, she added. \"Our findings suggest that there may be shared mechanisms underlying both substance and behavioral addictions,\" Hormes added.",3]
["What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","91_8","What is social media addiction? What are the signs?","Social Media Is Addictive. Social media is addictive. So addictive, in fact, that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders considered including â€œinternet addiction disorderâ€\u009d to the list of genuine afflictions in the most recent publication of the handbook for psychologists.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some common symptoms of social media dependence?","As with alcohol or caffeine, some people are able to handle the social media revolution that is sweeping the planet earth. However, more and more people are not able to handle it. Here are some signs to look for that indicate a problem with social media: 1. Spending more than one hour daily at social media sites.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are some signs of social media addiction?","As with alcohol or caffeine, some people are able to handle the social media revolution that is sweeping the planet earth. However, more and more people are not able to handle it. Here are some signs to look for that indicate a problem with social media: 1. Spending more than one hour daily at social media sites.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","A more recent addiction that is being looked into is Internet addiction (also known as pathological Internet use).  This addiction has become more prevalent in younger generations as computer technologies advance. When people suffer from internet addiction they are unable to control their use of the Internet. This can lead to psychological, social, school and work difficulties. Those addicted to the internet may be drawn to social networking sites, online games or other sites. Symptoms of this addiction include the following: mood changes, excessive time spent online, perceived social control while online, and withdrawal when away from the computer.",2,null,94,true,"91_8_MARCO_7873930","MARCO_7873930","91_8_MARCO_7873934","MARCO_7873934","91_8_MARCO_7873934","MARCO_7873934",null,"What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","CAR_cfc17a5422c98785d8da6e22bff60a8a66596b0c","91_8_CAR_cfc17a5422c98785d8da6e22bff60a8a66596b0c","A more recent addiction that is being looked into is Internet addiction (also known as pathological Internet use).  This addiction has become more prevalent in younger generations as computer technologies advance. When people suffer from internet addiction they are unable to control their use of the Internet. This can lead to psychological, social, school and work difficulties. Those addicted to the internet may be drawn to social networking sites, online games or other sites. Symptoms of this addiction include the following: mood changes, excessive time spent online, perceived social control while online, and withdrawal when away from the computer.",2]
["What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","91_8","What is social media addiction? What are the signs?","As with alcohol or caffeine, some people are able to handle the social media revolution that is sweeping the planet earth. However, more and more people are not able to handle it. Here are some signs to look for that indicate a problem with social media: 1. Spending more than one hour daily at social media sites.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are some common symptoms of social media dependence?","Research has also found a positive relationship between use of social media and symptoms of anxiety. Similar to the possible relationship between social networking usage and depression, it is likely that how people are using social media contributes to the nature of the possible relationship between social networking usage and anxiety. Research has demonstrated that social networking sites can be advantageous for individuals experiencing anxiety, as Facebook social support contributed to feelings of well-being in socially anxious individuals.",0,null,"What are some signs of social media addiction?","A study published in the Public Library of Science in 2013 revealed that the perception of Facebook being an important resource for social connection was diminished by the number of people found to have developed low self-esteem, and the more they used the network the lower their level of self-esteem. A current controversial topic is whether or not social media addiction should be explicitly categorized as a psychological ailment. Extended use of social media has led to increased Internet addiction, cyberbullying, sexting, sleep deprivation, and the decline of face-to-face interaction. Several clinics in the UK classify social media addiction is a certifiable medical condition with one psychiatric consultant claiming that he treats as many as one hundred cases a year. Lori Ann Wagner, a psychotherapist, argues that humans communicate best face to face with their five senses involved. In addition, a study on social media done by PhD's Hsuan-Ting Kim and Yonghwan Kim, suggests that social networking sites have begun to raise concern because of the expectations people seek to fulfill from these sites and the amount of time users are willing to invest.",0,null,"What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of an Online Addiction. The short-term effects of an online addiction include unfinished tasks, forgotten responsibilities and weight gain. Long-term effects are seen more in the physical symptoms such as backache, neck pain, carpal tunnel syndrome, and vision problems from staring at the screen.",1,null,94,true,"91_8_MARCO_7873934","MARCO_7873934","91_8_CAR_743f48e31e97d35aac160cf184f9db1d9136162b","CAR_743f48e31e97d35aac160cf184f9db1d9136162b","91_8_CAR_948a9e1dac83e768c20f858b8d8532277850ae76","CAR_948a9e1dac83e768c20f858b8d8532277850ae76",null,"What are the symptoms of social network addiction?","MARCO_7869172","91_8_MARCO_7869172","Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of an Online Addiction. The short-term effects of an online addiction include unfinished tasks, forgotten responsibilities and weight gain. Long-term effects are seen more in the physical symptoms such as backache, neck pain, carpal tunnel syndrome, and vision problems from staring at the screen.",1]
["Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","92_1","How do shoulder braces help you recover?","Shoulder braces also reduce stress on the arms which reduces tiredness and muscle cramps during filming.",0,null,"Do shoulder braces really help injured shoulder muscles?","Shoulder braces also reduce stress on the arms which reduces tiredness and muscle cramps during filming.",0,null,"Should I wear a shoulder brace for an injury?","1 Wear a sling for the first 48 hours after the injury, if it makes you more comfortable and supports your shoulder. 2  If you feel you need to use a sling for more than 48 hours, discuss your symptoms with your doctor. 3  Elevate the injured or sore area on pillows while applying ice and anytime you are sitting or lying down.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","Quicken the recoveryof injuries to theknee, shoulder, wrist,ankle & more withour protective rangeof trusted supports& braces. Protect muscles,boost circulationand givereassurances withour performanceenhancing taping &strapping.uicken the recoveryof injuries to theknee, shoulder, wrist,ankle & more withour protective rangeof trusted supports& braces. Protect muscles,boost circulationand givereassurances withour performanceenhancing taping &strapping.",0,null,95,false,"92_1_CAR_3cc4c6ee406518d9fbb5bf1b13ce096d8ec10b6c","CAR_3cc4c6ee406518d9fbb5bf1b13ce096d8ec10b6c","92_1_CAR_3cc4c6ee406518d9fbb5bf1b13ce096d8ec10b6c","CAR_3cc4c6ee406518d9fbb5bf1b13ce096d8ec10b6c","92_1_MARCO_7513915","MARCO_7513915",null,"Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","MARCO_1545520","92_1_MARCO_1545520","Quicken the recoveryof injuries to theknee, shoulder, wrist,ankle & more withour protective rangeof trusted supports& braces. Protect muscles,boost circulationand givereassurances withour performanceenhancing taping &strapping.uicken the recoveryof injuries to theknee, shoulder, wrist,ankle & more withour protective rangeof trusted supports& braces. Protect muscles,boost circulationand givereassurances withour performanceenhancing taping &strapping.",0]
["Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","92_1","How do shoulder braces help you recover?","These 10 animal facts will amaze you. A shoulder splint is typically used to help keep the shoulder and upper arm stable after surgery, injury, or other trauma. These help keep the shoulder or upper arm straight and align the bones and joints, which helps the healing process.",0,null,"Do shoulder braces really help injured shoulder muscles?","Step 2. Apply protection to the shoulder and surrounding muscles with a shoulder brace, harness or sling. The protection allows the shoulder muscles to rest while preventing further damage. Avoid using the shoulder or arm for normal activities for a few days until the pain and swelling decreases.",3,null,"Should I wear a shoulder brace for an injury?","Step 2. Apply protection to the shoulder and surrounding muscles with a shoulder brace, harness or sling. The protection allows the shoulder muscles to rest while preventing further damage. Avoid using the shoulder or arm for normal activities for a few days until the pain and swelling decreases.",3,null,"Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","McDavid braces have been used in the rehabilitation of joint injuries in both athletes and non-athletes. Post-surgery or non-surgical treatment, braces are used to keep the injured tendons, muscles, or ligaments from enduring undue stress. While studies have not shown that braces necessarily speed the recovery time after an injury, athletes often choose to continue wearing the brace even after they have recovered from their medical treatment, in order to increase their confidence in returning to competition.",0,null,95,false,"92_1_MARCO_7929339","MARCO_7929339","92_1_MARCO_748577","MARCO_748577","92_1_MARCO_748577","MARCO_748577",null,"Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","CAR_4cc601111dff2fe8bd170f1ce00589ddcdb0e587","92_1_CAR_4cc601111dff2fe8bd170f1ce00589ddcdb0e587","McDavid braces have been used in the rehabilitation of joint injuries in both athletes and non-athletes. Post-surgery or non-surgical treatment, braces are used to keep the injured tendons, muscles, or ligaments from enduring undue stress. While studies have not shown that braces necessarily speed the recovery time after an injury, athletes often choose to continue wearing the brace even after they have recovered from their medical treatment, in order to increase their confidence in returning to competition.",0]
["Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","92_1","How do shoulder braces help you recover?","Quicken the recoveryof injuries to theknee, shoulder, wrist,ankle & more withour protective rangeof trusted supports& braces. Protect muscles,boost circulationand givereassurances withour performanceenhancing taping &strapping.uicken the recoveryof injuries to theknee, shoulder, wrist,ankle & more withour protective rangeof trusted supports& braces. Protect muscles,boost circulationand givereassurances withour performanceenhancing taping &strapping.",0,null,"Do shoulder braces really help injured shoulder muscles?","It provides warmth, support and pain relief to the shoulder joint and is available in both left and right designs. Functional shoulder brace offers exceptional support without sacrificing function. It is indicated for stabilization of shoulder dislocations, subluxations and global shoulder instabilities.",3,null,"Should I wear a shoulder brace for an injury?","The Emergency Department may send you home with a shoulder immobilizer â€“ or a sling that prevents you from moving your arm â€“ until you are seen by your primary care doctor or orthopedist. It is very common for emergency room physicians to prescribe pain medication, anti-inflammatory medication, and/or muscle relaxers.hile most of these injuries are detectable by physical exam, the Emergency Department or Urgent Care center will want you to wear the brace until you are seen by your primary care doctor or orthopedic doctor â€“ your doctor may tell you it is OK to remove the brace given by the emergency department.",1,null,"Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","A splint or brace to keep your shoulder from moving. A sling for your arm, which you might use for a few days. Anti-inflammatory painkillers, like ibuprofen, naproxen, or aspirin which will help with pain and swelling. However, these drugs have side effects, like an increased risk of bleeding and ulcers.",0,null,95,false,"92_1_MARCO_1545520","MARCO_1545520","92_1_MARCO_7929343","MARCO_7929343","92_1_MARCO_1785110","MARCO_1785110",null,"Do shoulder braces help recover from an injury?","MARCO_4051447","92_1_MARCO_4051447","A splint or brace to keep your shoulder from moving. A sling for your arm, which you might use for a few days. Anti-inflammatory painkillers, like ibuprofen, naproxen, or aspirin which will help with pain and swelling. However, these drugs have side effects, like an increased risk of bleeding and ulcers.",0]
["Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","92_2","How can I strengthen my shoulder after an injury with exercise?","Shoulder Girdle strengthening is a preventative procedure to help minimize tissue damage or other injuries while completing complex progressions in sports.  Strengthening of the shoulder area can done by exercising specific muscle groups which are as follow.  The positioners of the shoulder are the rotator cuff muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. Propellers are major movers to create force with the arms, which include larger muscles: pectoralis major/minor, latissimus dorsi, and trapezius. The stabilizers of the shoulder are the deltoid group. Several other muscles should not be forgotten that assist with control of scapula thoracic rhythm: rhomboid muscles, serratus posteriors, levator scapulae muscle, and others smaller muscles.  A key way to prevent shoulder injury is making sure to do slow and in control stretches and exercises in proper form with proper progression.  In any sporting activity proper progression should include strengthening below 90 degrees, then progressing into a 90 degree range, and then full overhead exercises.  Specific progression exercises should target rotator cuff muscles and other muscles that attach to the shoulder girdle. Many individuals at gyms are injured because of incorrect equipment use.  An experienced professional should assist with program development, progression, and implementation in injury prevention such as a certified personal trainer.  If a minor shoulder injury does occur and isn’t severe, these measures can be taken to activate and recuperate the muscles: light stretching, light weightlifting, warm or cold packs as needed, and therapeutic message. Each sport has a different shoulder movement mechanics, and when executed correctly it will put less strain on the shoulder which in-turn preserves the shoulder longer.",2,null,"How can you assist someone with a shoulder injury by doing exercises?","Shoulder Girdle strengthening is a preventative procedure to help minimize tissue damage or other injuries while completing complex progressions in sports.  Strengthening of the shoulder area can done by exercising specific muscle groups which are as follow.  The positioners of the shoulder are the rotator cuff muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. Propellers are major movers to create force with the arms, which include larger muscles: pectoralis major/minor, latissimus dorsi, and trapezius. The stabilizers of the shoulder are the deltoid group. Several other muscles should not be forgotten that assist with control of scapula thoracic rhythm: rhomboid muscles, serratus posteriors, levator scapulae muscle, and others smaller muscles.  A key way to prevent shoulder injury is making sure to do slow and in control stretches and exercises in proper form with proper progression.  In any sporting activity proper progression should include strengthening below 90 degrees, then progressing into a 90 degree range, and then full overhead exercises.  Specific progression exercises should target rotator cuff muscles and other muscles that attach to the shoulder girdle. Many individuals at gyms are injured because of incorrect equipment use.  An experienced professional should assist with program development, progression, and implementation in injury prevention such as a certified personal trainer.  If a minor shoulder injury does occur and isn’t severe, these measures can be taken to activate and recuperate the muscles: light stretching, light weightlifting, warm or cold packs as needed, and therapeutic message. Each sport has a different shoulder movement mechanics, and when executed correctly it will put less strain on the shoulder which in-turn preserves the shoulder longer.",2,null,"Which exercises can help with hurt shoulders during recovery?","Some physical therapy exercises that can be performed to help rehab the shoulder are:While standing and using a theraband you can perform Y, T, and I’s,  Internal shoulder rotation,  External shoulder rotation,  Shoulder extensions,and Scapula squeezes While lying on your side you can perform internal rotation and external rotation with a light weight. The light weight can be any type of object such as a 1-5 lb dumbbell weight, or a soup can. Also you can foam roll the pectorals. With the foam roller you can also lie on your back on top of it and do snow angels.",3,null,"Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","Isometric Exercise #1: Isometric flexion. This is a good exercise for people recovering from shoulder injuries and trying to build strength in the muscle. 1  Stand just a few inches away from a wall and just push your hands towards the wall.",2,null,96,true,"92_2_CAR_2ee1e95fcaaed38563aab9d9add86ea511072a04","CAR_2ee1e95fcaaed38563aab9d9add86ea511072a04","92_2_CAR_2ee1e95fcaaed38563aab9d9add86ea511072a04","CAR_2ee1e95fcaaed38563aab9d9add86ea511072a04","92_2_CAR_f41a84f9bb8d4c827a612fe06164be0cdec89c86","CAR_f41a84f9bb8d4c827a612fe06164be0cdec89c86",null,"Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","MARCO_7907121","92_2_MARCO_7907121","Isometric Exercise #1: Isometric flexion. This is a good exercise for people recovering from shoulder injuries and trying to build strength in the muscle. 1  Stand just a few inches away from a wall and just push your hands towards the wall.",2]
["Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","92_2","How can I strengthen my shoulder after an injury with exercise?","Isometric Exercise #1: Isometric flexion. This is a good exercise for people recovering from shoulder injuries and trying to build strength in the muscle. 1  Stand just a few inches away from a wall and just push your hands towards the wall.",2,null,"How can you assist someone with a shoulder injury by doing exercises?","Some physical therapy exercises that can be performed to help rehab the shoulder are:While standing and using a theraband you can perform Y, T, and I’s,  Internal shoulder rotation,  External shoulder rotation,  Shoulder extensions,and Scapula squeezes While lying on your side you can perform internal rotation and external rotation with a light weight. The light weight can be any type of object such as a 1-5 lb dumbbell weight, or a soup can. Also you can foam roll the pectorals. With the foam roller you can also lie on your back on top of it and do snow angels.",3,null,"Which exercises can help with hurt shoulders during recovery?","Your physical therapist can recommend a home-exercise program to strengthen and stretch the muscles around your shoulder, arm, chest, and neck to help prevent future injury. These may include strength and flexibility exercises for the shoulder, arm, chest, neck, and core muscles.",1,null,"Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","More Shoulder Rehabilitation Information. Clavicle Fracture Rehab Exercise Program: The pendulum exercise is one of the standard daily exercises often recommended in rehab for a clavicle fracture (broken collarbone). This is a common sports injury that often happens in a fall by a cyclist or in other activities.",1,null,96,true,"92_2_MARCO_7907121","MARCO_7907121","92_2_CAR_f41a84f9bb8d4c827a612fe06164be0cdec89c86","CAR_f41a84f9bb8d4c827a612fe06164be0cdec89c86","92_2_MARCO_5007775","MARCO_5007775",null,"Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","MARCO_5757626","92_2_MARCO_5757626","More Shoulder Rehabilitation Information. Clavicle Fracture Rehab Exercise Program: The pendulum exercise is one of the standard daily exercises often recommended in rehab for a clavicle fracture (broken collarbone). This is a common sports injury that often happens in a fall by a cyclist or in other activities.",1]
["Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","92_2","How can I strengthen my shoulder after an injury with exercise?","Shoulder range-of-motion exercises often begin 4 weeks after surgery. You will use your opposite arm to help move your injured arm until it is strong enough to move on its own. Strengthening exercises may begin once you have regained full motion in your injured shoulder, usually 4 to 6 weeks after your surgery. However, overhead exercises and heavy lifting place more stress on your healing tendon and may be delayed until 10 to 12 weeks after surgery.",3,null,"How can you assist someone with a shoulder injury by doing exercises?","Physiotherapy can help manage the pain, but utilizing a program that involves continuous passive motion will reduce the pain even further. Assisted passive motion at a low intensity allows the tissues to be stretched slightly without damaging them  Continuous passive motion improves the shoulder range and enables the subject to expand their range of motion without experiencing additional pain. Easing into the motions will allow the person to continue working those muscles to keep them from undergoing atrophy, while also still maintaining that minimum level of function where daily function is allowed. Doing these exercises will also prevent tears in the muscles that will impair daily function further. Since injuries of the rotator cuff often tend to inhibit motion without first experience discomfort and pain, other methods can be done to help accommodate that.",3,null,"Which exercises can help with hurt shoulders during recovery?","Shoulder Impingement Syndrome Exercises. These exercises can be used in the rehabilitation of shoulder impingement syndromes. They include mobility and then strengthening exercises. It is important that full mobility is maintained or regained in the shoulder joint for rehabilitation to be successful.",0,null,"Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","Updated April 18, 2016. Pendulum circles are common shoulder exercises used early in physical therapy rehab for shoulder injuries. This simple exercise helps regain range of motion in the shoulder joint and the muscles that make up the rotator cuff. The rotator cuff is a group of muscles that are often injured due to overuse and traumatic shoulder injuries, such as a fractured clavicle (collarbone).",1,null,96,true,"92_2_MARCO_3696585","MARCO_3696585","92_2_CAR_ecf0b95b4c67926bc4eb464f8b628a91cdd796d3","CAR_ecf0b95b4c67926bc4eb464f8b628a91cdd796d3","92_2_MARCO_2297476","MARCO_2297476",null,"Tell me more about some shoulder exercises that could help recovery from an injury.","MARCO_5757628","92_2_MARCO_5757628","Updated April 18, 2016. Pendulum circles are common shoulder exercises used early in physical therapy rehab for shoulder injuries. This simple exercise helps regain range of motion in the shoulder joint and the muscles that make up the rotator cuff. The rotator cuff is a group of muscles that are often injured due to overuse and traumatic shoulder injuries, such as a fractured clavicle (collarbone).",1]
["What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","92_3","What is the best exercise to deal with shoulder injuries besides pendulum circles?","Isometric Exercise #1: Isometric flexion. This is a good exercise for people recovering from shoulder injuries and trying to build strength in the muscle. 1  Stand just a few inches away from a wall and just push your hands towards the wall.",3,null,"Other than pendulum circles, what are some shoulder exercises that could help recovery?","Some physical therapy exercises that can be performed to help rehab the shoulder are:While standing and using a theraband you can perform Y, T, and I’s,  Internal shoulder rotation,  External shoulder rotation,  Shoulder extensions,and Scapula squeezes While lying on your side you can perform internal rotation and external rotation with a light weight. The light weight can be any type of object such as a 1-5 lb dumbbell weight, or a soup can. Also you can foam roll the pectorals. With the foam roller you can also lie on your back on top of it and do snow angels.",3,null,"What are some good exercises besides pendulum circles?","Pendulum swings are a way to stretch and warm up your shoulder muscles. Stand and lean over with the arm hanging and swing it in small circles while gradually enlarging the size of the circles. Repeat 10 times on both arms. Stretch the back of the shoulder by pulling your arm with the opposite hand across your chest.",3,null,"What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","As progression increases after 4–6 weeks,active exercises are now implemented into the rehabilitation process. Active exercises allow an increase in strength and further range of motion by permitting the movement of the shoulder joint without the support of a physical therapist. Active exercises include the Pendulum exercise (as shown in Image 2), which is used to strengthen the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and Subscapularis. External rotation of the shoulder with the arm at a 90-degree angle is an additional exercise done to increase control and range of motion of the Infraspinatus and Teres minor muscles. Various active exercises are done for an additional 3–6 weeks as progress is based on an individual case by case basis. At 8–12 weeks, strength training intensity will increase as free-weights and resistance bands will be implemented within the exercise prescription.",3,null,97,false,"92_3_MARCO_7907121","MARCO_7907121","92_3_CAR_f41a84f9bb8d4c827a612fe06164be0cdec89c86","CAR_f41a84f9bb8d4c827a612fe06164be0cdec89c86","92_3_MARCO_8415214","MARCO_8415214",null,"What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","CAR_e255bf7fd2bf3ba23fffaf188b47e033b8a7b116","92_3_CAR_e255bf7fd2bf3ba23fffaf188b47e033b8a7b116","As progression increases after 4–6 weeks,active exercises are now implemented into the rehabilitation process. Active exercises allow an increase in strength and further range of motion by permitting the movement of the shoulder joint without the support of a physical therapist. Active exercises include the Pendulum exercise (as shown in Image 2), which is used to strengthen the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and Subscapularis. External rotation of the shoulder with the arm at a 90-degree angle is an additional exercise done to increase control and range of motion of the Infraspinatus and Teres minor muscles. Various active exercises are done for an additional 3–6 weeks as progress is based on an individual case by case basis. At 8–12 weeks, strength training intensity will increase as free-weights and resistance bands will be implemented within the exercise prescription.",3]
["What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","92_3","What is the best exercise to deal with shoulder injuries besides pendulum circles?","Pendulum swings are a way to stretch and warm up your shoulder muscles. Stand and lean over with the arm hanging and swing it in small circles while gradually enlarging the size of the circles. Repeat 10 times on both arms. Stretch the back of the shoulder by pulling your arm with the opposite hand across your chest.",3,null,"Other than pendulum circles, what are some shoulder exercises that could help recovery?","Pendulum swings are a way to stretch and warm up your shoulder muscles. Stand and lean over with the arm hanging and swing it in small circles while gradually enlarging the size of the circles. Repeat 10 times on both arms. Stretch the back of the shoulder by pulling your arm with the opposite hand across your chest.",3,null,"What are some good exercises besides pendulum circles?","Pendulum Exercises: Remember to do your pendulum exercises three times per day. Spend about 10-15 minutes per. session on these exercises. Try each one for 2-3 minutes before moving on to the next. 1. Bend over at the waist letting the affected arm hang down at your side. Place your non-. operative arm on a table or chair to support and balance your body.",0,null,"What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","Pendulum swings are a way to stretch and warm up your shoulder muscles. Stand and lean over with the arm hanging and swing it in small circles while gradually enlarging the size of the circles. Repeat 10 times on both arms. Stretch the back of the shoulder by pulling your arm with the opposite hand across your chest.",3,null,97,false,"92_3_MARCO_8415214","MARCO_8415214","92_3_MARCO_8415214","MARCO_8415214","92_3_MARCO_5757625","MARCO_5757625",null,"What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","MARCO_8415214","92_3_MARCO_8415214","Pendulum swings are a way to stretch and warm up your shoulder muscles. Stand and lean over with the arm hanging and swing it in small circles while gradually enlarging the size of the circles. Repeat 10 times on both arms. Stretch the back of the shoulder by pulling your arm with the opposite hand across your chest.",3]
["What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","92_3","What is the best exercise to deal with shoulder injuries besides pendulum circles?","As progression increases after 4–6 weeks,active exercises are now implemented into the rehabilitation process. Active exercises allow an increase in strength and further range of motion by permitting the movement of the shoulder joint without the support of a physical therapist. Active exercises include the Pendulum exercise (as shown in Image 2), which is used to strengthen the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and Subscapularis. External rotation of the shoulder with the arm at a 90-degree angle is an additional exercise done to increase control and range of motion of the Infraspinatus and Teres minor muscles. Various active exercises are done for an additional 3–6 weeks as progress is based on an individual case by case basis. At 8–12 weeks, strength training intensity will increase as free-weights and resistance bands will be implemented within the exercise prescription.",3,null,"Other than pendulum circles, what are some shoulder exercises that could help recovery?","As progression increases after 4–6 weeks,active exercises are now implemented into the rehabilitation process. Active exercises allow an increase in strength and further range of motion by permitting the movement of the shoulder joint without the support of a physical therapist. Active exercises include the Pendulum exercise (as shown in Image 2), which is used to strengthen the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and Subscapularis. External rotation of the shoulder with the arm at a 90-degree angle is an additional exercise done to increase control and range of motion of the Infraspinatus and Teres minor muscles. Various active exercises are done for an additional 3–6 weeks as progress is based on an individual case by case basis. At 8–12 weeks, strength training intensity will increase as free-weights and resistance bands will be implemented within the exercise prescription.",3,null,"What are some good exercises besides pendulum circles?","Remember to do your pendulum exercises three times per day. session on these exercises. Try each one for 2-3 minutes before moving on to the next. 1. Bend over at the waist letting the affected arm hang down at your side. operative arm on a table or chair to support and balance your body. body.",0,null,"What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","Updated April 18, 2016. Pendulum circles are common shoulder exercises used early in physical therapy rehab for shoulder injuries. This simple exercise helps regain range of motion in the shoulder joint and the muscles that make up the rotator cuff. The rotator cuff is a group of muscles that are often injured due to overuse and traumatic shoulder injuries, such as a fractured clavicle (collarbone).",0,null,97,false,"92_3_CAR_e255bf7fd2bf3ba23fffaf188b47e033b8a7b116","CAR_e255bf7fd2bf3ba23fffaf188b47e033b8a7b116","92_3_CAR_e255bf7fd2bf3ba23fffaf188b47e033b8a7b116","CAR_e255bf7fd2bf3ba23fffaf188b47e033b8a7b116","92_3_MARCO_5757632","MARCO_5757632",null,"What are other exercises besides Pendulum circles for shoulder injuries?","MARCO_5757628","92_3_MARCO_5757628","Updated April 18, 2016. Pendulum circles are common shoulder exercises used early in physical therapy rehab for shoulder injuries. This simple exercise helps regain range of motion in the shoulder joint and the muscles that make up the rotator cuff. The rotator cuff is a group of muscles that are often injured due to overuse and traumatic shoulder injuries, such as a fractured clavicle (collarbone).",0]
["How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","92_4","My shoulder is hurting me. How can I tell if it's serious or not?","The back of my left shoulder left side of neck and left arm hurt to move or do anything. Do I need to go see a dr more The back of my left shoulder left side of neck and left arm hurt to move or do anything.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do you know when your shoulder injury is severe?","Signs and symptoms of more-severe injuries can include: 1  Weakness or inability to use certain muscles in your hand, arm or shoulder. 2  Complete lack of movement and feeling in your arm, including your shoulder and hand. 3  Severe pain.",2,null,"How do you know if a shoulder injury is severe?","Signs and symptoms of more-severe injuries can include: 1  Weakness or inability to use certain muscles in your hand, arm or shoulder. 2  Complete lack of movement and feeling in your arm, including your shoulder and hand. 3  Severe pain.",2,null,"How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","Most shoulder and neck pain causes are not a serious condition. The reason your shoulder is sore is that the neck and upper back are just not working correctly. If you have had a fall or injury and suddenly develop shoulder and neck pain-seek help.Any injury may affect the many sensitive structures in your neck and upper back.ost shoulder and neck pain causes are not a serious condition. The reason your shoulder is sore is that the neck and upper back are just not working correctly. If you have had a fall or injury and suddenly develop shoulder and neck pain-seek help.",1,null,98,true,"92_4_MARCO_6763310","MARCO_6763310","92_4_MARCO_5200318","MARCO_5200318","92_4_MARCO_5200318","MARCO_5200318",null,"How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","MARCO_8648127","92_4_MARCO_8648127","Most shoulder and neck pain causes are not a serious condition. The reason your shoulder is sore is that the neck and upper back are just not working correctly. If you have had a fall or injury and suddenly develop shoulder and neck pain-seek help.Any injury may affect the many sensitive structures in your neck and upper back.ost shoulder and neck pain causes are not a serious condition. The reason your shoulder is sore is that the neck and upper back are just not working correctly. If you have had a fall or injury and suddenly develop shoulder and neck pain-seek help.",1]
["How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","92_4","My shoulder is hurting me. How can I tell if it's serious or not?","so i am constantly working on computers, my main problem is when i wake up in the morning. This morning i woke up and i cant even move my neck to the left. My shoulder is in so much pain. I force myself to stretch no matter how much it hurts every morning but unfortunately it doesnt help with the pain.o i am constantly working on computers, my main problem is when i wake up in the morning. This morning i woke up and i cant even move my neck to the left. My shoulder is in so much pain. I force myself to stretch no matter how much it hurts every morning but unfortunately it doesnt help with the pain.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do you know when your shoulder injury is severe?","Surgery. Surgery may be considered if: 1  Your rotator cuff injury is very severe. 2  You have severe pain and loss of shoulder function that haven't responded to other treatment. 3  You have shoulder weakness caused by a complete tear, especially when the rotator cuff is otherwise healthy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How do you know if a shoulder injury is severe?","While every injury is different and everyone heals at different rates, normally your shoulder should be back to normal in about eight to 12 weeks. If the injury to your shoulder is severe, your healing may take longer, or you may require shoulder surgery to help stabilize the problem.",2,null,"How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","If you wonder what does a torn rotator cuff feel like, begin by making small circles with your arms. If you hear clicking or popping it could be a sign of a problem. If it seems to catch mid-motion, that could also be a sign. Pay attention to your arm movement. If you are unable to move your arm up and out to the side, it could be a serious tear for someone wanting to know what does a torn rotator cuff feel like. Write down when you have shoulder pain and how severe. If the pain is constant, your injury could be more severe.",2,null,98,true,"92_4_MARCO_8648123","MARCO_8648123","92_4_MARCO_4706103","MARCO_4706103","92_4_MARCO_6757882","MARCO_6757882",null,"How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","MARCO_3973753","92_4_MARCO_3973753","If you wonder what does a torn rotator cuff feel like, begin by making small circles with your arms. If you hear clicking or popping it could be a sign of a problem. If it seems to catch mid-motion, that could also be a sign. Pay attention to your arm movement. If you are unable to move your arm up and out to the side, it could be a serious tear for someone wanting to know what does a torn rotator cuff feel like. Write down when you have shoulder pain and how severe. If the pain is constant, your injury could be more severe.",2]
["How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","92_4","My shoulder is hurting me. How can I tell if it's serious or not?","This year...my shoulder muscle (at the site of the injection) is still painful, so much that I can't move my arm forward at shoulder-level, or lift my arm up over my head, without a sharp pain in that one muscle. If my arm is still, it does not hurt.his year...my shoulder muscle (at the site of the injection) is still painful, so much that I can't move my arm forward at shoulder-level, or lift my arm up over my head, without a sharp pain in that one muscle. If my arm is still, it does not hurt.",0,null,"How do you know when your shoulder injury is severe?","While every injury is different and everyone heals at different rates, normally your shoulder should be back to normal in about eight to 12 weeks. If the injury to your shoulder is severe, your healing may take longer, or you may require shoulder surgery to help stabilize the problem.",2,null,"How do you know if a shoulder injury is severe?","Surgery. Surgery may be considered if: 1  Your rotator cuff injury is very severe. 2  You have severe pain and loss of shoulder function that haven't responded to other treatment. 3  You have shoulder weakness caused by a complete tear, especially when the rotator cuff is otherwise healthy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","RE: How do I know if I have a broken or bruised shoulder? I was doing an incline bench press the other day and the weights became unbalanced and I think too much pressure fell on my left arm. I felt my left shoulder bone/socket give in a bit but initially there was no pain.ou may have bruised it but you may have also damaged part of your rotator cuff. For now you need Rest, Ice, elevate. Normally you put compression like an ace bandage on an injured joint but that doesn't work on a shoulder.",0,null,98,true,"92_4_MARCO_495440","MARCO_495440","92_4_MARCO_6757882","MARCO_6757882","92_4_MARCO_4706103","MARCO_4706103",null,"How do I know if my shoulder pain is serious?","MARCO_6451471","92_4_MARCO_6451471","RE: How do I know if I have a broken or bruised shoulder? I was doing an incline bench press the other day and the weights became unbalanced and I think too much pressure fell on my left arm. I felt my left shoulder bone/socket give in a bit but initially there was no pain.ou may have bruised it but you may have also damaged part of your rotator cuff. For now you need Rest, Ice, elevate. Normally you put compression like an ace bandage on an injured joint but that doesn't work on a shoulder.",0]
["When should you consider shoulder surgery?","92_5","When should I go for shoulder surgery?","Shoulder replacement surgery is considered when: 1  the shoulder arthritis is a major problem that negatively impacts ones quality of life, 2  one is sufficiently healthy to undergo the procedure, 3  one understands and accepts the risks and alternatives,  there is sufficient bone and tendon to permit the surgery, and.",3,null,"When is shoulder surgery necessary?","Shoulder replacement surgery is an option for treatment of severe arthritis of the shoulder joint. Arthritis is a condition that affects the cartilage of the joints. As the cartilage lining wears away, the protective lining between the bones is lost. When this happens, painful bone-on-bone arthritis develops. Severe shoulder arthritis is quite painful, and can cause restriction of motion. While this may be tolerated with some medications and lifestyle adjustments, there may come a time when surgical treatment is necessary.",3,null,"When should you do surgery if you have a shoulder injury?","Your doctor will suggest that you discuss surgery with an orthopedic surgeon if you: have shoulder pain that lasts for more than six months, even after physical therapy have shoulder weakness that interferes with everyday activities",3,null,"When should you consider shoulder surgery?","Shoulder replacement surgery is considered when: 1  the shoulder arthritis is a major problem that negatively impacts ones quality of life, 2  one is sufficiently healthy to undergo the procedure, 3  one understands and accepts the risks and alternatives,  there is sufficient bone and tendon to permit the surgery, and.",3,null,99,false,"92_5_MARCO_6740093","MARCO_6740093","92_5_CAR_bb4782dc4b262914fa31ac1011097d828950a393","CAR_bb4782dc4b262914fa31ac1011097d828950a393","92_5_MARCO_8479907","MARCO_8479907",null,"When should you consider shoulder surgery?","MARCO_6740093","92_5_MARCO_6740093","Shoulder replacement surgery is considered when: 1  the shoulder arthritis is a major problem that negatively impacts ones quality of life, 2  one is sufficiently healthy to undergo the procedure, 3  one understands and accepts the risks and alternatives,  there is sufficient bone and tendon to permit the surgery, and.",3]
["When should you consider shoulder surgery?","92_5","When should I go for shoulder surgery?","Shoulder replacement surgery is an option for treatment of severe arthritis of the shoulder joint. Arthritis is a condition that affects the cartilage of the joints. As the cartilage lining wears away, the protective lining between the bones is lost. When this happens, painful bone-on-bone arthritis develops. Severe shoulder arthritis is quite painful, and can cause restriction of motion. While this may be tolerated with some medications and lifestyle adjustments, there may come a time when surgical treatment is necessary.",3,null,"When is shoulder surgery necessary?","For patients with severe shoulder arthritis that does not respond to non-operative treatment,  shoulder surgery can be very helpful. Depending on the condition of the shoulder and the specific expectations of the patient, surgical options include total shoulder joint replacement arthroplasty , ‘ream and run’ (humeral hemiarthroplasty with non prosthetic glenoid arthroplasty , and reverse (Delta) total shoulder joint replacement arthroplasty .",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"When should you do surgery if you have a shoulder injury?","Surgery. Surgery may be considered if: 1  Your rotator cuff injury is very severe. 2  You have severe pain and loss of shoulder function that haven't responded to other treatment. 3  You have shoulder weakness caused by a complete tear, especially when the rotator cuff is otherwise healthy.",3,null,"When should you consider shoulder surgery?","Surgery may be a good first choice for shoulder weakness caused by complete tears, especially when the rotator cuff is otherwise healthy (little or no degeneration). Surgery may be considered if you have severe pain and loss of shoulder function that has not responded to appropriate nonsurgical treatment.",3,null,99,false,"92_5_CAR_bb4782dc4b262914fa31ac1011097d828950a393","CAR_bb4782dc4b262914fa31ac1011097d828950a393","92_5_CAR_f4dc4947b4869a098216b3a4bef1fc0db8b3d864","CAR_f4dc4947b4869a098216b3a4bef1fc0db8b3d864","92_5_MARCO_4706103","MARCO_4706103",null,"When should you consider shoulder surgery?","MARCO_1674789","92_5_MARCO_1674789","Surgery may be a good first choice for shoulder weakness caused by complete tears, especially when the rotator cuff is otherwise healthy (little or no degeneration). Surgery may be considered if you have severe pain and loss of shoulder function that has not responded to appropriate nonsurgical treatment.",3]
["When should you consider shoulder surgery?","92_5","When should I go for shoulder surgery?","For patients with severe shoulder arthritis that does not respond to non-operative treatment,  shoulder surgery can be very helpful. Depending on the condition of the shoulder and the specific expectations of the patient, surgical options include total shoulder joint replacement arthroplasty , ‘ream and run’ (humeral hemiarthroplasty with non prosthetic glenoid arthroplasty , and reverse (Delta) total shoulder joint replacement arthroplasty .",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"When is shoulder surgery necessary?","Shoulder replacement surgery is considered when: 1  the shoulder arthritis is a major problem that negatively impacts ones quality of life, 2  one is sufficiently healthy to undergo the procedure, 3  one understands and accepts the risks and alternatives,  there is sufficient bone and tendon to permit the surgery, and.",3,null,"When should you do surgery if you have a shoulder injury?","Surgery may be considered if: 1  Your rotator cuff injury is very severe. 2  You have severe pain and loss of shoulder function that haven't responded to other treatment. 3  You have shoulder weakness caused by a complete tear, especially when the rotator cuff is otherwise healthy.",3,null,"When should you consider shoulder surgery?","Your doctor will suggest that you discuss surgery with an orthopedic surgeon if you: have shoulder pain that lasts for more than six months, even after physical therapy have shoulder weakness that interferes with everyday activities",3,null,99,false,"92_5_CAR_f4dc4947b4869a098216b3a4bef1fc0db8b3d864","CAR_f4dc4947b4869a098216b3a4bef1fc0db8b3d864","92_5_MARCO_6740093","MARCO_6740093","92_5_MARCO_3456276","MARCO_3456276",null,"When should you consider shoulder surgery?","MARCO_8479907","92_5_MARCO_8479907","Your doctor will suggest that you discuss surgery with an orthopedic surgeon if you: have shoulder pain that lasts for more than six months, even after physical therapy have shoulder weakness that interferes with everyday activities",3]
["That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","92_6","Besides surgery, what are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","Treatment for Shoulder Pain. Treatment will depend on the cause and severity of the shoulder pain and may include: 1  physical therapy. 2  use of a sling or shoulder immobilizer. 3  nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs). 4  corticosteroids (powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that are injected into the shoulder). 5  surgery.",3,null,"How can a shoulder injury be treated without surgery?","Shoulder Pain. Trauma may cause a fracture of the humerus (ball) or the glenoid (socket) of the shoulder joint. The majority of these injuries can be treated without surgery with a good, long-term result.ome of the risks of surgery of shoulder replacement include infection, wound healing problems, bleeding and injury to nerves and vessels near the fracture. Sometimes the shoulder gets very stiff. Occasionally, the fracture does not heal, and another operation may be recommended.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some non-surgical ways to alleviate shoulder injury?","There is evidence in literature to support both surgical and non-surgical forms of treatment. In some, physical therapy can strengthen the supporting muscles in the shoulder joint to the point of reestablishing stability.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","Treating Shoulder Pain. 1  Rest: The first treatment for many common conditions that cause shoulder pain is to rest the joint, and allow the acute inflammation to subside. It is important, however, to use caution when resting the joint, because prolonged immobilization can cause a frozen shoulder.",1,null,100,true,"92_6_MARCO_4545444","MARCO_4545444","92_6_MARCO_5601691","MARCO_5601691","92_6_CAR_d4d50db5b69af33687048902f88ff5d52a33c45d","CAR_d4d50db5b69af33687048902f88ff5d52a33c45d",null,"That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","MARCO_1847860","92_6_MARCO_1847860","Treating Shoulder Pain. 1  Rest: The first treatment for many common conditions that cause shoulder pain is to rest the joint, and allow the acute inflammation to subside. It is important, however, to use caution when resting the joint, because prolonged immobilization can cause a frozen shoulder.",1]
["That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","92_6","Besides surgery, what are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","Treatment of shoulder arthritis is usually aimed at reducing pain; there is no way to replace lost cartilage except through surgery.  Pain medicines available over-the-counter can be prescribed by the doctor, but another form of treatment is cryotherapy, which is the use of cold compression.  Some vitamin supplements have been found to prevent further deterioration; glucosamine sulfate is an effective preserver of cartilage.  Another way to prevent the further loss of cartilage would be to maintain motion in the shoulder, because once it is lost, it's difficult to regain.  Steps to reduce extreme pain in cases of bad shoulder arthritis can involve the doctor giving injections directly into the shoulder, or even shoulder surgery.",2,null,"How can a shoulder injury be treated without surgery?","often these injuries can be resolved without surgery the goals for most shoulder injuries are to decrease inflammation alleviate pain strengthen muscles and improve range of motion the earlier you see a doctor the more conservative therapies such as physical therapy and anti inflammatory medications can help",3,null,"What are some non-surgical ways to alleviate shoulder injury?","Posted on December 30, 2013. 6. From an upcoming, much longer, post detailing my visit to Stanford Universityâ€™s Clinical Anatomy Lab, where I worked with cadavers: Two common ways people go about alleviating shoulder pain is 1) Pulling the shoulders down and back and 2) Working the arms in the scapular plane. Iâ€™ve indirectly covered why the â€œDown and backâ€\u009d cue is poor.",1,null,"That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","Treatment of shoulder arthritis is usually aimed at reducing pain; there is no way to replace lost cartilage except through surgery.  Pain medicines available over-the-counter can be prescribed by the doctor, but another form of treatment is cryotherapy, which is the use of cold compression.  Some vitamin supplements have been found to prevent further deterioration; glucosamine sulfate is an effective preserver of cartilage.  Another way to prevent the further loss of cartilage would be to maintain motion in the shoulder, because once it is lost, it's difficult to regain.  Steps to reduce extreme pain in cases of bad shoulder arthritis can involve the doctor giving injections directly into the shoulder, or even shoulder surgery.",2,null,100,true,"92_6_CAR_0633dae064bba7017568f98ab629333f2e574f6d","CAR_0633dae064bba7017568f98ab629333f2e574f6d","92_6_MARCO_3749419","MARCO_3749419","92_6_MARCO_4300782","MARCO_4300782",null,"That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","CAR_0633dae064bba7017568f98ab629333f2e574f6d","92_6_CAR_0633dae064bba7017568f98ab629333f2e574f6d","Treatment of shoulder arthritis is usually aimed at reducing pain; there is no way to replace lost cartilage except through surgery.  Pain medicines available over-the-counter can be prescribed by the doctor, but another form of treatment is cryotherapy, which is the use of cold compression.  Some vitamin supplements have been found to prevent further deterioration; glucosamine sulfate is an effective preserver of cartilage.  Another way to prevent the further loss of cartilage would be to maintain motion in the shoulder, because once it is lost, it's difficult to regain.  Steps to reduce extreme pain in cases of bad shoulder arthritis can involve the doctor giving injections directly into the shoulder, or even shoulder surgery.",2]
["That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","92_6","Besides surgery, what are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","Treatment will depend on the cause and severity of the shoulder pain and may include: 1  physical therapy. 2  use of a sling or shoulder immobilizer. 3  nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs). 4  corticosteroids (powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that are injected into the shoulder). 5  surgery.",2,null,"How can a shoulder injury be treated without surgery?","Shoulder Fracture Treatment. Treatment for a shoulder fracture includes rest, a sling, cold compresses, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications for pain. More severe pain is treated with narcotic pain medications. Most shoulder fractures can be treated without surgery.",3,null,"What are some non-surgical ways to alleviate shoulder injury?","often these injuries can be resolved without surgery the goals for most shoulder injuries are to decrease inflammation alleviate pain strengthen muscles and improve range of motion the earlier you see a doctor the more conservative therapies such as physical therapy and anti inflammatory medications can help",3,null,"That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","To relieve minor shoulder pain you might try: 1  Pain relievers. 2  Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB) and naproxen sodium (Aleve) may help. 3  Rest. 4  Avoid using your shoulder in ways that cause or worsen pain. 5  Ice.",3,null,100,true,"92_6_MARCO_2748527","MARCO_2748527","92_6_MARCO_902227","MARCO_902227","92_6_MARCO_3749419","MARCO_3749419",null,"That seems extreme. What are other ways to treat shoulder pain?","MARCO_3570267","92_6_MARCO_3570267","To relieve minor shoulder pain you might try: 1  Pain relievers. 2  Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB) and naproxen sodium (Aleve) may help. 3  Rest. 4  Avoid using your shoulder in ways that cause or worsen pain. 5  Ice.",3]
["How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","92_7","How do I get rid of shoulder pain while working?","Here are some tips for helping shoulder pain get better: 1  Put ice on the shoulder area for 15 minutes, then leave it off for 15 minutes. Do this 3 to 4 times a day for 2 to 3 days. 2  Rest your shoulder for the next few days. 3  Slowly return to your regular activities. A physical therapist can help you do this safely.",0,null,"How should I stop my shoulder from hurting even sitting on a computer desk?","But we've got a trick that's never failed us: When you're seated or standing in the position you'd use the desk, rest your arms at your sides, keeping your elbow at a 90 degree angle and your upper arms in line with your torso. If the desk is the right height, your hands should rest comfortable on the desk. If it's not just right, you're signing yourself up for a lifetime of back, neck and shoulder strain. Better to get the right desk now than regret it as you're cursing your sore shoulders later.",0,null,"What are some ways to keep your shoulder from hurting at a desk?","But we've got a trick that's never failed us: When you're seated or standing in the position you'd use the desk, rest your arms at your sides, keeping your elbow at a 90 degree angle and your upper arms in line with your torso. If the desk is the right height, your hands should rest comfortable on the desk. If it's not just right, you're signing yourself up for a lifetime of back, neck and shoulder strain. Better to get the right desk now than regret it as you're cursing your sore shoulders later.",0,null,"How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","so i am constantly working on computers, my main problem is when i wake up in the morning. This morning i woke up and i cant even move my neck to the left. My shoulder is in so much pain. I force myself to stretch no matter how much it hurts every morning but unfortunately it doesnt help with the pain.o i am constantly working on computers, my main problem is when i wake up in the morning. This morning i woke up and i cant even move my neck to the left. My shoulder is in so much pain. I force myself to stretch no matter how much it hurts every morning but unfortunately it doesnt help with the pain.",0,null,101,false,"92_7_MARCO_838999","MARCO_838999","92_7_MARCO_7838107","MARCO_7838107","92_7_MARCO_7838107","MARCO_7838107",null,"How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","MARCO_8648123","92_7_MARCO_8648123","so i am constantly working on computers, my main problem is when i wake up in the morning. This morning i woke up and i cant even move my neck to the left. My shoulder is in so much pain. I force myself to stretch no matter how much it hurts every morning but unfortunately it doesnt help with the pain.o i am constantly working on computers, my main problem is when i wake up in the morning. This morning i woke up and i cant even move my neck to the left. My shoulder is in so much pain. I force myself to stretch no matter how much it hurts every morning but unfortunately it doesnt help with the pain.",0]
["How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","92_7","How do I get rid of shoulder pain while working?","Here are some tips for helping shoulder pain get better: Put ice on the shoulder area for 15 minutes, then leave it off for 15 minutes. Do this 3 to 4 times a day for 2 to 3 days. Wrap the ice in cloth. Do not put ice directly on the skin because this can result in frostbite.",0,null,"How should I stop my shoulder from hurting even sitting on a computer desk?","The Three Pillars of Shoulder Health. To fix nagging shoulder pain, always follow these rules: 1  Stop doing exercises that irritate the shoulders. 2  Get the shoulders to sit in the right position.  Get the shoulders to move properly.",0,null,"What are some ways to keep your shoulder from hurting at a desk?","Arm Exercises. The only limit to the number of arm exercises you can do at your desk is your stamina and imagination. Do arm and shoulder circles in both directions to work arm and shoulder muscles. Punch the air above your head, to your sides, in front of you and by your knees to work all of your arm muscles. Hold your arms out from your sides and bend your elbows so your hands touch your ears to work your biceps.",0,null,"How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","I work at a computer most of the day, and have tight knots in my shoulders; specifically, in my trapezius muscles. How can I reduce the tension in these muscles, without having someone else massage them? Are there self-massage techniques I can use?",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,101,false,"92_7_MARCO_1028707","MARCO_1028707","92_7_MARCO_588015","MARCO_588015","92_7_MARCO_8592744","MARCO_8592744",null,"How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","MARCO_1401740","92_7_MARCO_1401740","I work at a computer most of the day, and have tight knots in my shoulders; specifically, in my trapezius muscles. How can I reduce the tension in these muscles, without having someone else massage them? Are there self-massage techniques I can use?",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","92_7","How do I get rid of shoulder pain while working?","The Three Pillars of Shoulder Health. To fix nagging shoulder pain, always follow these rules: 1  Stop doing exercises that irritate the shoulders. 2  Get the shoulders to sit in the right position.  Get the shoulders to move properly.",0,null,"How should I stop my shoulder from hurting even sitting on a computer desk?","1 Stop doing exercises that irritate the shoulders. 2  Get the shoulders to sit in the right position.  Get the shoulders to move properly.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some ways to keep your shoulder from hurting at a desk?","Sit with your feet flat on the ground. If you're short, put a box or stool under your feet to lift them. Keep your knees lower than your hips. If you're tall, sit on a wedge or seat cushion to raise your body. Your arms should be supported by arm rests without forcing your shoulders up toward your ears. Keep your shoulder blades back and down, elevate your chest, and draw in your tummy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","Answers. 1  Its safe for her to sit for any amount of time, but it could prove to get uncomfortable. I'm 17 weeks and had a desk job before I became pregnant and still have it. I work 8 hours a day and my lower back and shoulders usually start hurting if I don't get up and stretch every 2 hours or so. Even standing up every so often and doing some simple stretching helps me out a ton.",0,null,101,false,"92_7_MARCO_588015","MARCO_588015","92_7_MARCO_588016","MARCO_588016","92_7_MARCO_956951","MARCO_956951",null,"How do I stop my shoulder from hurting at my desk?","MARCO_3026031","92_7_MARCO_3026031","Answers. 1  Its safe for her to sit for any amount of time, but it could prove to get uncomfortable. I'm 17 weeks and had a desk job before I became pregnant and still have it. I work 8 hours a day and my lower back and shoulders usually start hurting if I don't get up and stretch every 2 hours or so. Even standing up every so often and doing some simple stretching helps me out a ton.",0]
["What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","92_8","Does standing at a desk help with shoulder pain?","As for me, my doctorâ€™s diagnosis of my leg pains did not prompt me to dismantle my stand-up desk. Now I follow my bodyâ€™s cues. When I begin to feel lethargic or my neck or shoulders bother me, I shift to standing, and almost immediately my muscles relax and I feel more energized.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the benefits of standing at a desk for shoulder pain?","Published research in 2012 on the benefits from implementing sit-stand workstations in the workplace has resulted in the development of some pilot studies for Total Worker Health. While the individual results of the studies varied, the researchers found that sit-stand workstations resulted in an overall improvement in health outcomes of workers who switched to these workstations, in addition to the reduced sitting time. Such health benefits from these pilot studies include increased HDL cholesterol, improved mood outcomes, reduced eye strain, and reduced upper back, neck and shoulder pain. Robertson et al. found that the sit-stand workstation users, who were trained to vary their postures at work, exhibited increased productivity at work, compared to those who were not trained so. Further, the study by Pronk et al. showed decreased fatigue and increased vigor among participants. With these findings, NIOSH has begun a pilot program among employees for the Total Worker Health initiative.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How do standing desks help relieve shoulder injury?","The standing wraps won't help the shoulder. They may reduce the amount of swelling you might see in the legs due to stocking up thanks to not enough exercise, but they won't actually help anything. The circulation is still going to be compromised from lack of moving around.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","Published research in 2012 on the benefits from implementing sit-stand workstations in the workplace has resulted in the development of some pilot studies for Total Worker Health. While the individual results of the studies varied, the researchers found that sit-stand workstations resulted in an overall improvement in health outcomes of workers who switched to these workstations, in addition to the reduced sitting time. Such health benefits from these pilot studies include increased HDL cholesterol, improved mood outcomes, reduced eye strain, and reduced upper back, neck and shoulder pain. Robertson et al. found that the sit-stand workstation users, who were trained to vary their postures at work, exhibited increased productivity at work, compared to those who were not trained so. Further, the study by Pronk et al. showed decreased fatigue and increased vigor among participants. With these findings, NIOSH has begun a pilot program among employees for the Total Worker Health initiative.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,102,true,"92_8_MARCO_6797296","MARCO_6797296","92_8_CAR_58a35a31fc6be56d40500e25c593664eadde6e52","CAR_58a35a31fc6be56d40500e25c593664eadde6e52","92_8_MARCO_8414835","MARCO_8414835",null,"What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","CAR_58a35a31fc6be56d40500e25c593664eadde6e52","92_8_CAR_58a35a31fc6be56d40500e25c593664eadde6e52","Published research in 2012 on the benefits from implementing sit-stand workstations in the workplace has resulted in the development of some pilot studies for Total Worker Health. While the individual results of the studies varied, the researchers found that sit-stand workstations resulted in an overall improvement in health outcomes of workers who switched to these workstations, in addition to the reduced sitting time. Such health benefits from these pilot studies include increased HDL cholesterol, improved mood outcomes, reduced eye strain, and reduced upper back, neck and shoulder pain. Robertson et al. found that the sit-stand workstation users, who were trained to vary their postures at work, exhibited increased productivity at work, compared to those who were not trained so. Further, the study by Pronk et al. showed decreased fatigue and increased vigor among participants. With these findings, NIOSH has begun a pilot program among employees for the Total Worker Health initiative.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4]
["What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","92_8","Does standing at a desk help with shoulder pain?","The standing wraps won't help the shoulder. They may reduce the amount of swelling you might see in the legs due to stocking up thanks to not enough exercise, but they won't actually help anything. The circulation is still going to be compromised from lack of moving around.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the benefits of standing at a desk for shoulder pain?","As for me, my doctorâ€™s diagnosis of my leg pains did not prompt me to dismantle my stand-up desk. Now I follow my bodyâ€™s cues. When I begin to feel lethargic or my neck or shoulders bother me, I shift to standing, and almost immediately my muscles relax and I feel more energized.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How do standing desks help relieve shoulder injury?","Try this super-easy stretch to relieve neck and shoulder stress: While standing or sitting, pull your head back, and center it over your spine. Pull your shoulders back and down, moving your arms as if youâ€™re trying to put your elbows in your back pocket. Push palms outwardâ€”as if youâ€™re inside a door frameâ€”and hold for at least six seconds. Do this a few times during every hour youâ€™re sitting at your computer.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","As for me, my doctorâ€™s diagnosis of my leg pains did not prompt me to dismantle my stand-up desk. Now I follow my bodyâ€™s cues. When I begin to feel lethargic or my neck or shoulders bother me, I shift to standing, and almost immediately my muscles relax and I feel more energized.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,102,true,"92_8_MARCO_8414835","MARCO_8414835","92_8_MARCO_6797296","MARCO_6797296","92_8_MARCO_8752930","MARCO_8752930",null,"What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","MARCO_6797296","92_8_MARCO_6797296","As for me, my doctorâ€™s diagnosis of my leg pains did not prompt me to dismantle my stand-up desk. Now I follow my bodyâ€™s cues. When I begin to feel lethargic or my neck or shoulders bother me, I shift to standing, and almost immediately my muscles relax and I feel more energized.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1]
["What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","92_8","Does standing at a desk help with shoulder pain?","These exercises especially help to relieve lower back pain. For ideas on how to keep the blood flowing at work, see http://www.rsiguard.com/help/ErgoAnswers/micro_stretch.html. Try out a few of these standing stretches between customers. Your back, neck and shoulders will likely benefit.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the benefits of standing at a desk for shoulder pain?","These exercises especially help to relieve lower back pain. For ideas on how to keep the blood flowing at work, see http://www.rsiguard.com/help/ErgoAnswers/micro_stretch.html. Try out a few of these standing stretches between customers. Your back, neck and shoulders will likely benefit.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How do standing desks help relieve shoulder injury?","But we've got a trick that's never failed us: When you're seated or standing in the position you'd use the desk, rest your arms at your sides, keeping your elbow at a 90 degree angle and your upper arms in line with your torso. If the desk is the right height, your hands should rest comfortable on the desk. If it's not just right, you're signing yourself up for a lifetime of back, neck and shoulder strain. Better to get the right desk now than regret it as you're cursing your sore shoulders later.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","Mental Benefits of Standing Another benefit of a standing desk is an increase in your focus, alertness, and activity level. When standing, it is easier to release restless energy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,102,true,"92_8_MARCO_4674679","MARCO_4674679","92_8_MARCO_4674679","MARCO_4674679","92_8_MARCO_7838107","MARCO_7838107",null,"What are the benefits of a standing desk for shoulder pain?","MARCO_1343390","92_8_MARCO_1343390","Mental Benefits of Standing Another benefit of a standing desk is an increase in your focus, alertness, and activity level. When standing, it is easier to release restless energy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2]
["Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","93_1","Can someone tell me about opening a Burger King franchise?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",3,null,"How to buy a Burger King franchise?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",3,null,"How do you think one can open a successful Burger King franchise?","Burger King South Africa (Pty) Ltd cannot guarantee an applicantâ€™s success. Whilst we have well established success in franchising, the success depends largely on the quality of operation, good site location, and local market conditions.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",3,null,103,false,"93_1_MARCO_655622","MARCO_655622","93_1_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524","93_1_MARCO_7975345","MARCO_7975345",null,"Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","MARCO_655622","93_1_MARCO_655622","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",3]
["Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","93_1","Can someone tell me about opening a Burger King franchise?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",3,null,"How to buy a Burger King franchise?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",3,null,"How do you think one can open a successful Burger King franchise?","It's easy to see why thousands of new franchises open across the globe every year. Franchise businesses have the advantage of an established, well-known brand and the support of a successful parent company.or example, if you want to open a fast food franchise, you'll find that a number of franchises (such as Burger King, McDonald's, etc.) that may be willing to work with you.",1,null,"Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",3,null,103,false,"93_1_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524","93_1_MARCO_655622","MARCO_655622","93_1_MARCO_3577955","MARCO_3577955",null,"Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","MARCO_4332524","93_1_MARCO_4332524","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",3]
["Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","93_1","Can someone tell me about opening a Burger King franchise?","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",2,null,"How to buy a Burger King franchise?","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do you think one can open a successful Burger King franchise?","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","ABOUT FRANCHISING. Franchising with BURGER KINGÂ® offers you the possibility to actively benefit from the power of our brand and our convincing product range and to pass on the â€˜Taste is KINGâ€™ culture to your guests in your own BURGER KINGÂ® restaurant.",0,null,103,false,"93_1_MARCO_4332525","MARCO_4332525","93_1_MARCO_218440","MARCO_218440","93_1_MARCO_218440","MARCO_218440",null,"Tell me about purchasing a Burger King franchise.","MARCO_7975349","93_1_MARCO_7975349","ABOUT FRANCHISING. Franchising with BURGER KINGÂ® offers you the possibility to actively benefit from the power of our brand and our convincing product range and to pass on the â€˜Taste is KINGâ€™ culture to your guests in your own BURGER KINGÂ® restaurant.",0]
["No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","93_2","Is it possible to open a burger king franchise?","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",2,null,"I don't mean the acquisition. How can I get my own Burger King Franchise?","What is the cost of a UK Burger King franchise? Depending on the type of restaurant and investment model, a UK Burger King franchise can cost between Â£250k and Â£800k. How long is a Burger King UK Franchise Agreement? A Burger King Franchise Agreement in the UK generally lasts for 20 years.",3,null,"What are some facts about Burger King franchising but not the acquisition?","In 1967, the Pillsbury Company acquired Burger King and its parent company Burger King Corporation from McLamore and Edgerton. At the time of the purchase, BK had grown to 274 restaurants in the United States and had an estimated value of . With the acquisition, Pillsbury was faced with a lack of consistency within the franchise framework. The Burger King Corporation franchising system set up by McLamore and Edgerton allowed the company to expand a great pace, but the lack of contractual restraints and controls on its franchisee operation led to inconsistencies in its products that in turn were a drag on the reputation of the chain. Additionally, the agreements gave the company too little power to prevent its franchises from doing as they wished with the business.",0,null,"No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",3,null,104,true,"93_2_MARCO_218440","MARCO_218440","93_2_MARCO_4332521","MARCO_4332521","93_2_CAR_2fd6972ceb67c5576d5250087cf78cef29f290b6","CAR_2fd6972ceb67c5576d5250087cf78cef29f290b6",null,"No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","MARCO_655622","93_2_MARCO_655622","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",3]
["No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","93_2","Is it possible to open a burger king franchise?","ABOUT FRANCHISING. Franchising with BURGER KINGÂ® offers you the possibility to actively benefit from the power of our brand and our convincing product range and to pass on the â€˜Taste is KINGâ€™ culture to your guests in your own BURGER KINGÂ® restaurant.",0,null,"I don't mean the acquisition. How can I get my own Burger King Franchise?","How Much Does a Burger King Franchise Cost? Franchise Fees is a flat $50,000 and the total investment could be as low as $300,000 making Burger King a much more affordable option than most in its class. Burger Kingâ€™s franchisee training is geared to provide you with the skills to help build a successful business in this extremely competitive marketplace.",3,null,"What are some facts about Burger King franchising but not the acquisition?","Statistics and facts on Burger King Burger King is a U.S. based fast food restaurant chain operating restaurants all around the world. In 2012, there were a total of 12,997 Burger King restaurants in operation.More than 50 percent of all Burger King restaurants are located in the United States.urger King is a U.S. based fast food restaurant chain operating restaurants all around the world. In 2012, there were a total of 12,997 Burger King restaurants in operation. More than 50 percent of all Burger King restaurants are located in the United States.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",3,null,104,true,"93_2_MARCO_7975349","MARCO_7975349","93_2_MARCO_3105368","MARCO_3105368","93_2_MARCO_1729287","MARCO_1729287",null,"No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","MARCO_4332524","93_2_MARCO_4332524","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",3]
["No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","93_2","Is it possible to open a burger king franchise?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",3,null,"I don't mean the acquisition. How can I get my own Burger King Franchise?","In November 2013, Groupe Bertrand, who owns several restaurant franchises, acquired the Burger King master franchise Autogrill, becoming one of their franchisees. In September 2015, Groupe Bertrand announced being in talks with Quick's owner, investment fund Qualium, to take over all the franchise and convert all Quick restaurants in France into Burger Kings.",0,null,"What are some facts about Burger King franchising but not the acquisition?","In 1967, after eight years of private operation, the Pillsbury Company acquired the Burger King brand and its parent company Burger King Corporation. At the time of the purchase, the chain had grown to 274 restaurants in the United States. Pillsbury continued to grow the company utilizing the existing franchise system despite its flaws. The power of its independent franchises came to a head in 1973 when Chart House, owner of 350 restaurants and one of its largest franchise groups, attempted to purchase the chain from Pillsbury for $100 million (USD) which Pillsbury declined. When Chart House's bid failed, its owners Billy and Jimmy Trotter put forth a second plan that would require Pillsbury and Chart House spin off their respective holdings and merge the two entities into a separate company. Again Pillsbury declined the proposed divestiture. After the failed attempts to acquire the company, the relationship with Chart House and the Trotters soured; when Chart House purchased several restaurants in Boston and Houston in 1979, Burger King sued the selling franchisees for failing to comply with the right of first refusal clause in their contracts. Burger King won the case, successfully preventing the sale. The two parties did eventually reach a settlement where Chart House kept the Houston locations in their portfolio. Chart House eventually spun off its Burger King holdings and refocused on its higher end chains; its Burger King holding company, DiversiFoods, was eventually acquired by Pillsbury $390 million (USD) in 1984 and folded into Burger King's operations.",0,null,"No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",3,null,104,true,"93_2_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524","93_2_CAR_a3faa0ca8fe71b0ac7620a5920a204b10b63b3a6","CAR_a3faa0ca8fe71b0ac7620a5920a204b10b63b3a6","93_2_CAR_318b8a0de3a10d874a95283f3fd12b2d21c456d6","CAR_318b8a0de3a10d874a95283f3fd12b2d21c456d6",null,"No, not information about Burger King's acquisition. I want to know how to open a Burger King franchise.","MARCO_4332525","93_2_MARCO_4332525","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",3]
["Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","93_3","Where can I find funding for a Burger King franchise?","In various regions across the United States, Burger King and its franchises have aligned themselves with several charitable organizations that support research and treatment of juvenile cancer. Each year, these coalitions hold a fund raising drive called \"A Chance for Kids\", in which Burger King restaurants sell lottery-style scratch cards for $1. Each card produces a winning prize that is usually a food or beverage product, but includes (rarer) items such as shopping sprees or trips. In the Northeast, BK has affiliated itself with the Major League Baseball team the Boston Red Sox and its charitable foundation, the Jimmy Fund. The group runs the contest in Boston. In the New York City area, it operates the contest in association with the Burger King Children's Charities of Metro New York and the New York Yankees. Funds raised in these areas go to support the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, located in Boston. In Nebraska, the company is affiliated with the Liz's Legacy Cancer Fund \"BK Beat Cancer for Kids\" program at the UNMC Eppley Cancer Center at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha. In the Pittsburgh region, it funded the establishment of the Burger King Cancer Caring Center, a support organization for the families and friends of cancer patients.",0,null,"Is there any financial support for opening the Burger King franchise?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",0,null,"Does the buyer have any financial support for their growing Burger King franchise?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",0,null,"Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",1,null,105,false,"93_3_CAR_c52dae9a05f30cfe59e5cad717809d77c411412e","CAR_c52dae9a05f30cfe59e5cad717809d77c411412e","93_3_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524","93_3_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524",null,"Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","MARCO_4332525","93_3_MARCO_4332525","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",1]
["Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","93_3","Where can I find funding for a Burger King franchise?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",0,null,"Is there any financial support for opening the Burger King franchise?","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",1,null,"Does the buyer have any financial support for their growing Burger King franchise?","By 2001 and nearly eighteen years of stagnant growth, many of its franchises were in some sort of financial distress.  The lack of growth severely impacted Burger King's largest franchise, the nearly 400-store AmeriKing; the company, which until this point had been struggling under a nearly $300 million debt load and been shedding stores across the US, was forced to enter Chapter 11 bankruptcy. The failure of AmeriKing accompanied with declining market position deeply affected the value of the company, and put negotiations between Diageo and the TPC Capital-lead group on hold. The developments eventually forced Diageo to lower the total selling price by almost three-quarters of a billion dollars. After the sale, newly appointed CEO Bradley Blum initiated a program to help the roughly 20 percent of its franchises, including its four largest, who were in financial distress, bankruptcy or had ceased operations altogether. Partnering with the California-based Trinity Capital, LLC, the company established the Franchisee Financial Restructuring Initiative, a program to address the financial issues facing BK's financially distressed franchisees. The initiative was designed to assist franchisees in restructuring their businesses in order to meet financial obligations, focus on restaurant operational excellence, reinvest in their operations and return to profitability.",0,null,"Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",0,null,105,false,"93_3_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524","93_3_MARCO_4332525","MARCO_4332525","93_3_CAR_6fdc994d249e264074e574d9eca4ee1952a76744","CAR_6fdc994d249e264074e574d9eca4ee1952a76744",null,"Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","MARCO_4332524","93_3_MARCO_4332524","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",0]
["Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","93_3","Where can I find funding for a Burger King franchise?","Where to find financing for a new franchise. As with other small businesses, finding financing for a franchise can be one of the biggest challenges owners face. Some financing options are unique to franchises, such as franchisor discounts on fees and online financing companies that cater to franchises.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"Is there any financial support for opening the Burger King franchise?","In various regions across the United States, Burger King and its franchises have aligned themselves with several charitable organizations that support research and treatment of juvenile cancer. Each year, these coalitions hold a fund raising drive called \"A Chance for Kids\", in which Burger King restaurants sell lottery-style scratch cards for $1. Each card produces a winning prize that is usually a food or beverage product, but includes (rarer) items such as shopping sprees or trips. In the Northeast, BK has affiliated itself with the Major League Baseball team the Boston Red Sox and its charitable foundation, the Jimmy Fund. The group runs the contest in Boston. In the New York City area, it operates the contest in association with the Burger King Children's Charities of Metro New York and the New York Yankees. Funds raised in these areas go to support the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, located in Boston. In Nebraska, the company is affiliated with the Liz's Legacy Cancer Fund \"BK Beat Cancer for Kids\" program at the UNMC Eppley Cancer Center at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha. In the Pittsburgh region, it funded the establishment of the Burger King Cancer Caring Center, a support organization for the families and friends of cancer patients.",0,null,"Does the buyer have any financial support for their growing Burger King franchise?","In July 2002, TPG, together with Bain Capital and Goldman Sachs Capital Partners, announced the high-profile $2.3 billion leveraged buyout of Burger King from Diageo.  However, in November the original transaction collapsed, when Burger King failed to meet certain performance targets.  In December 2002, TPG and its co-investors agreed on a reduced $1.5 billion purchase price for the investment.  The TPG consortium had support from Burger King's franchisees, who controlled approximately 92% of Burger King restaurants at the time of the transaction.  Under its new owners, Burger King underwent a major brand overhaul including the use of The Burger King character in advertising. In February 2006, Burger King announced plans for an initial public offering.",0,null,"Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","What are the ongoing fees for a Burger King franchise in the UK? An initial fee of US$40,000 per restaurant is payable for a UK Burger King Franchise. The ongoing fees for a Burger King franchise in the UK are 5% of total sales plus an additional 5% of total sales towards a national marketing fund.",0,null,105,false,"93_3_MARCO_3154234","MARCO_3154234","93_3_CAR_c52dae9a05f30cfe59e5cad717809d77c411412e","CAR_c52dae9a05f30cfe59e5cad717809d77c411412e","93_3_CAR_1fcb2762e15eea18ff633b7dfbf0b0274e7051ea","CAR_1fcb2762e15eea18ff633b7dfbf0b0274e7051ea",null,"Is there any financial support for the initial franchise fee of a Burger King restaurant franchise?","MARCO_4332522","93_3_MARCO_4332522","What are the ongoing fees for a Burger King franchise in the UK? An initial fee of US$40,000 per restaurant is payable for a UK Burger King Franchise. The ongoing fees for a Burger King franchise in the UK are 5% of total sales plus an additional 5% of total sales towards a national marketing fund.",0]
["How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","93_4","What is the average salary of a Burger King franchisee?","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",0,null,"How much is the average income for a Burger King franchise?","Average Burger King hourly pay ranges from approximately $7.89 per hour for Porter/Maintenance to $11.75 per hour for Store Manager. The average Burger King salary ranges from approximately $15,000 per year for Server/Cashier to $98,192 per year for Director of Operations. Salary information comes from 15,715 data points collected directly from employees, users, and past and present job advertisements on Indeed in the past 12 months.",0,null,"How much does a Burger King franchise earn?","BK rest manager and i earn really bad wage, but i work for a burger king franchise. about 30 to 40 thousand a year.",0,null,"How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",0,null,106,true,"93_4_MARCO_218440","MARCO_218440","93_4_MARCO_8463580","MARCO_8463580","93_4_MARCO_8463578","MARCO_8463578",null,"How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","MARCO_655622","93_4_MARCO_655622","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",0]
["How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","93_4","What is the average salary of a Burger King franchisee?","Average Burger King hourly pay ranges from approximately $7.89 per hour for Porter/Maintenance to $11.75 per hour for Store Manager. The average Burger King salary ranges from approximately $15,000 per year for Server/Cashier to $98,192 per year for Director of Operations. Salary information comes from 15,715 data points collected directly from employees, users, and past and present job advertisements on Indeed in the past 12 months.",0,null,"How much is the average income for a Burger King franchise?","Average Burger King hourly pay ranges from approximately Â£6.70 per hour for Crew Member to Â£9.21 per hour for Delivery Driver. The average Burger King salary ranges from approximately Â£9,422 per year for Customer Service Representative to Â£24,840 per year for Store Manager. Salary information comes from 1,449 data points collected directly from employees, users, and past and present job advertisements on Indeed in the past 12 months.",0,null,"How much does a Burger King franchise earn?","How much does Burger King in United States pay? The average Burger King salary ranges from approximately $14,500 per year for Cook to $77,424 per year for Sales Coach. Average Burger King hourly pay ranges from approximately $7.25 per hour for Cleaner to $12.14 per hour for Shift Coordinator. Salary information comes from 6,610 data points collected directly from employees, users, and past and present job advertisements on Indeed in the past 12 months. Please note that all salary figures are approximations based upon third party submissions to Indeed.",0,null,"How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",0,null,106,true,"93_4_MARCO_8463580","MARCO_8463580","93_4_MARCO_8463577","MARCO_8463577","93_4_MARCO_5866365","MARCO_5866365",null,"How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","MARCO_4332524","93_4_MARCO_4332524","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",0]
["How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","93_4","What is the average salary of a Burger King franchisee?","How much does Burger King in United States pay? The average Burger King salary ranges from approximately $14,500 per year for Cook to $77,424 per year for Sales Coach. Average Burger King hourly pay ranges from approximately $7.25 per hour for Cleaner to $12.14 per hour for Shift Coordinator. Salary information comes from 6,610 data points collected directly from employees, users, and past and present job advertisements on Indeed in the past 12 months. Please note that all salary figures are approximations based upon third party submissions to Indeed.",0,null,"How much is the average income for a Burger King franchise?","How much does Burger King in United States pay? The average Burger King salary ranges from approximately $14,500 per year for Cook to $77,424 per year for Sales Coach. Average Burger King hourly pay ranges from approximately $7.25 per hour for Cleaner to $12.14 per hour for Shift Coordinator. Salary information comes from 6,610 data points collected directly from employees, users, and past and present job advertisements on Indeed in the past 12 months. Please note that all salary figures are approximations based upon third party submissions to Indeed.",0,null,"How much does a Burger King franchise earn?","How Much Does a Burger King Franchise Cost? Franchise Fees is a flat $50,000 and the total investment could be as low as $300,000 making Burger King a much more affordable option than most in its class. Burger Kingâ€™s franchisee training is geared to provide you with the skills to help build a successful business in this extremely competitive marketplace.",0,null,"How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","How Much Does a Burger King Franchise Cost? Franchise Fees is a flat $50,000 and the total investment could be as low as $300,000 making Burger King a much more affordable option than most in its class. Burger Kingâ€™s franchisee training is geared to provide you with the skills to help build a successful business in this extremely competitive marketplace.",0,null,106,true,"93_4_MARCO_5866365","MARCO_5866365","93_4_MARCO_5866365","MARCO_5866365","93_4_MARCO_3105368","MARCO_3105368",null,"How much does a Burger King franchise owner typically make?","MARCO_3105368","93_4_MARCO_3105368","How Much Does a Burger King Franchise Cost? Franchise Fees is a flat $50,000 and the total investment could be as low as $300,000 making Burger King a much more affordable option than most in its class. Burger Kingâ€™s franchisee training is geared to provide you with the skills to help build a successful business in this extremely competitive marketplace.",0]
["Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","93_5","Should I choose to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",0,null,"Is being a restaurant owner better than being a franchisee of Burger King a good idea?","I'm guessing you mean an individual, franchised location of a restaurant chain. If you actually meant a chain, then the answer would be obvious. It's far better to own a whole chain than a single restaurant. However, if you're good, you could consider your independent restaurant merely Location #1 of your new, soon-to-be restaurant chain.",0,null,"Is it better to be a Burger King or an independent restaurant owner?","I'm guessing you mean an individual, franchised location of a restaurant chain. If you actually meant a chain, then the answer would be obvious. It's far better to own a whole chain than a single restaurant. However, if you're good, you could consider your independent restaurant merely Location #1 of your new, soon-to-be restaurant chain.",0,null,"Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","We have the recipe for success and are determined to empower you with first-class knowledge resources and support needed to be a member of the BURGER KING Â® family. There has never been a better time to become a BURGER KING Â® franchisee. We stand ready to support your franchising & development plans. Are you ready to take action?",0,null,107,false,"93_5_MARCO_655622","MARCO_655622","93_5_MARCO_3045024","MARCO_3045024","93_5_MARCO_3045024","MARCO_3045024",null,"Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","MARCO_5407560","93_5_MARCO_5407560","We have the recipe for success and are determined to empower you with first-class knowledge resources and support needed to be a member of the BURGER KING Â® family. There has never been a better time to become a BURGER KING Â® franchisee. We stand ready to support your franchising & development plans. Are you ready to take action?",0]
["Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","93_5","Should I choose to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","We have the recipe for success and are determined to empower you with first-class knowledge resources and support needed to be a member of the BURGER KING Â® family. There has never been a better time to become a BURGER KING Â® franchisee. We stand ready to support your franchising & development plans. Are you ready to take action?",0,null,"Is being a restaurant owner better than being a franchisee of Burger King a good idea?","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",0,null,"Is it better to be a Burger King or an independent restaurant owner?","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",0,null,"Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",0,null,107,false,"93_5_MARCO_5407560","MARCO_5407560","93_5_MARCO_218440","MARCO_218440","93_5_MARCO_218440","MARCO_218440",null,"Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","MARCO_218440","93_5_MARCO_218440","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",0]
["Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","93_5","Should I choose to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","Welcome message from Burger King's EVP and President of North America, Alexandre Macedo. BE YOUR OWN KING. We back every franchisee with more than 58 years of innovation, achievements, and a proven business model. With various franchise opportunities available, we can ensure we will help you make the right decisions so you can hit the ground running and grow your business, quickly and easily.",0,null,"Is being a restaurant owner better than being a franchisee of Burger King a good idea?","Although the majority of the restaurant locations are privately held by individual owners and its financial dependence on those owners, Burger King's relationship with its franchises has not always been harmonious. Occasional disagreements between the two have caused numerous issues, and in several instances the company's and its licensees' relations have degenerated into precedent-setting court cases.",0,null,"Is it better to be a Burger King or an independent restaurant owner?","After working at Burger King in his youth, Butler now owns 6 of the fast food restaurants across the US. He has taken Business Management classes at Duke.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",0,null,107,false,"93_5_MARCO_5407559","MARCO_5407559","93_5_CAR_78c70e78240abbaf480794ac189c23f67503c1b6","CAR_78c70e78240abbaf480794ac189c23f67503c1b6","93_5_CAR_fa6bf7a3da9b5a881f42c089215a69c21e15b1b6","CAR_fa6bf7a3da9b5a881f42c089215a69c21e15b1b6",null,"Is it better to be a Burger King franchisee or an independent restaurant owner?","MARCO_655622","93_5_MARCO_655622","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",0]
["What support does the franchise provide?","93_6","How does the Burger King brand support its franchise buyers?","The majority of Burger King restaurants, approximately 90%, are privately held franchises. In North America Burger King Corporation is responsible for licensing operators and administering of stores. Internationally the company often pairs with other parties to operate locations or it will outright sell the operational and administrative rights to a franchisee which is given the designation of master franchise for the territory. The master franchise will then be expected to sub-license new stores, provide training support and ensure operational standards are maintained. In exchange for the oversight responsibilities, the master franchise will receive administrative and advertising support from Burger King Corporation to ensure a common marketing scheme. The 3G Capital ownership group announced in April 2011 that it would begin divesting itself of many corporate owned locations with the intent to increase the number of privately held restaurants to 95%.",1,null,"What kind of support does Burger King offer franchise owners?","The majority of Burger King restaurants, approximately 90%, are privately held franchises. In North America Burger King Corporation is responsible for licensing operators and administering of stores. Internationally the company often pairs with other parties to operate locations or it will outright sell the operational and administrative rights to a franchisee which is given the designation of master franchise for the territory. The master franchise will then be expected to sub-license new stores, provide training support and ensure operational standards are maintained. In exchange for the oversight responsibilities, the master franchise will receive administrative and advertising support from Burger King Corporation to ensure a common marketing scheme. The 3G Capital ownership group announced in April 2011 that it would begin divesting itself of many corporate owned locations with the intent to increase the number of privately held restaurants to 95%.",1,null,"What help does a franchise provide the franchisee?","The franchisee must pay a franchise fee, which may become costly.  In the USA it may amount to thousands of dollars.  In return, the franchisee may enjoy the use of the franchisor's system and name for a limited time as well as assistance. Such help includes location assistance for the outlet.  The franchisor may provide initial training and an operating manual.  Then the franchisor may also advise the franchisee on management, marketing, or personnel.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What support does the franchise provide?","A franchise provides a built-in support system. If you need help negotiating the terms of a lease, if your POS system is acting up again, or if you want to offer a special promotion and need advertising and design assistance, the franchise is there to help.",0,null,108,true,"93_6_CAR_009d9fb62ae3e378d570ed4824cf2b4d2b2b3560","CAR_009d9fb62ae3e378d570ed4824cf2b4d2b2b3560","93_6_CAR_009d9fb62ae3e378d570ed4824cf2b4d2b2b3560","CAR_009d9fb62ae3e378d570ed4824cf2b4d2b2b3560","93_6_CAR_0714e6196dfade285dd5e036eacdd258931f8ed5","CAR_0714e6196dfade285dd5e036eacdd258931f8ed5",null,"What support does the franchise provide?","MARCO_8749992","93_6_MARCO_8749992","A franchise provides a built-in support system. If you need help negotiating the terms of a lease, if your POS system is acting up again, or if you want to offer a special promotion and need advertising and design assistance, the franchise is there to help.",0]
["What support does the franchise provide?","93_6","How does the Burger King brand support its franchise buyers?","We have the recipe for success and are determined to empower you with first-class knowledge resources and support needed to be a member of the BURGER KING Â® family. There has never been a better time to become a BURGER KING Â® franchisee. We stand ready to support your franchising & development plans. Are you ready to take action?",0,null,"What kind of support does Burger King offer franchise owners?","We have the recipe for success and are determined to empower you with first-class knowledge resources and support needed to be a member of the BURGER KING Â® family. There has never been a better time to become a BURGER KING Â® franchisee. We stand ready to support your franchising & development plans. Are you ready to take action?",0,null,"What help does a franchise provide the franchisee?","A franchise provides a built-in support system. If you need help negotiating the terms of a lease, if your POS system is acting up again, or if you want to offer a special promotion and need advertising and design assistance, the franchise is there to help.",0,null,"What support does the franchise provide?","While the franchise system will provide start-up training for your business and offer ongoing support, as the franchisee, you must be prepared to accept the responsibility of managing the business yourself. Most franchiseâ€™s success is heavily dependent on hands-on management.",0,null,108,true,"93_6_MARCO_5407560","MARCO_5407560","93_6_MARCO_5407560","MARCO_5407560","93_6_MARCO_8749992","MARCO_8749992",null,"What support does the franchise provide?","MARCO_74510","93_6_MARCO_74510","While the franchise system will provide start-up training for your business and offer ongoing support, as the franchisee, you must be prepared to accept the responsibility of managing the business yourself. Most franchiseâ€™s success is heavily dependent on hands-on management.",0]
["What support does the franchise provide?","93_6","How does the Burger King brand support its franchise buyers?","As the franchisor for the brand, Burger King Holdings has several obligations and responsibilities; the company designs and deploys corporate training systems while overseeing brand standards such as building design and appearance. The company also develops new products and deploys them after presenting them to its franchises for approval per a 2010 agreement between itself and the franchise ownership groups. Burger King has limited approval over franchise operations such as minimum hours of operation and promotional pricing. Additionally Burger King designates approved vendors and distributors while ensuring safety standards at the productions facilities of its vendors.",2,null,"What kind of support does Burger King offer franchise owners?","ABOUT FRANCHISING. Franchising with BURGER KINGÂ® offers you the possibility to actively benefit from the power of our brand and our convincing product range and to pass on the â€˜Taste is KINGâ€™ culture to your guests in your own BURGER KINGÂ® restaurant.",0,null,"What help does a franchise provide the franchisee?","The franchisee receives training in running the business, IT support including a website, assistance with real estate selection and designing the franchise location, Grand Opening and on-going marketing support, discounts on music equipment and a protected territory. The IT support includes access to a customized task management and internal social productivity site.",0,null,"What support does the franchise provide?","The company supports more than 5,763 franchise locations throughout the United States. Start-up costs range from around $50,000 to $100,000 per franchise. Jackson Hewitt offers support to franchise owners for approved Jackson Hewitt products, software, and computer hardware. The company offers an online Support Center, as well as staff trained to respond to software and technology needs. The online Support Center also provides remote assistance, email, chat and telephone support. Furthermore, in tax year 2005 Jackson Hewitt unveiled its new ESS scan system which enables paperless uploading of customer documents to its secure server.",0,null,108,true,"93_6_CAR_ab0c7becd3ede18cfacdb5011b323d1241ba869a","CAR_ab0c7becd3ede18cfacdb5011b323d1241ba869a","93_6_MARCO_7975349","MARCO_7975349","93_6_CAR_637f482a6954eabc479453adc892168936326329","CAR_637f482a6954eabc479453adc892168936326329",null,"What support does the franchise provide?","CAR_05d385e1111da8d8c5de492ef8d712503856586d","93_6_CAR_05d385e1111da8d8c5de492ef8d712503856586d","The company supports more than 5,763 franchise locations throughout the United States. Start-up costs range from around $50,000 to $100,000 per franchise. Jackson Hewitt offers support to franchise owners for approved Jackson Hewitt products, software, and computer hardware. The company offers an online Support Center, as well as staff trained to respond to software and technology needs. The online Support Center also provides remote assistance, email, chat and telephone support. Furthermore, in tax year 2005 Jackson Hewitt unveiled its new ESS scan system which enables paperless uploading of customer documents to its secure server.",0]
["OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","93_7","What is the process to buy a Burger King franchise?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How could I start a Burger King franchise?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How do I open my first Burger King location?","The total financial cost of opening a franchise can range between $1.2 million and $2.2 million, depending on location, building size and any updates or upgrades that need to be completed. The initial franchise fee for a Burger King is $50,000, which must be paid prior to the opening date of the location. Once the restaurant opens for business, a monthly royalty fee of 4.5 percent of gross sales is required by the parent company.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,109,false,"93_7_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524","93_7_MARCO_655622","MARCO_655622","93_7_MARCO_4332525","MARCO_4332525",null,"OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","MARCO_4332524","93_7_MARCO_4332524","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1]
["OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","93_7","What is the process to buy a Burger King franchise?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How could I start a Burger King franchise?","The minimum financial requirement to own a Burger King franchise is $1.5 million total net worth. The cash liquidity portion of the net worth should be at least $500,000. In some types of franchise transactions, the minimum financial requirements might be significantly higher.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How do I open my first Burger King location?","Burger King began its expansion in Europe in 1975 with its first location in Madrid, Spain. In 1976, they opened on the Kurfürstendamm in former West Berlin, the first German Burger King branch opened its doors. Four years later in Darmstadt, Hesse, the first franchise, was opened by former football player Lothar Skala. In 1990, the first time a Burger King outlet in the neue Bundesländer (former Länder of the GDR, which were incorporated after German reunification in the Federal Republic of Germany) opened in Dresden, then still in mobile form.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,109,false,"93_7_MARCO_655622","MARCO_655622","93_7_MARCO_4332524","MARCO_4332524","93_7_CAR_33d92c2dbece8959931060d0ce019d4bee16085a","CAR_33d92c2dbece8959931060d0ce019d4bee16085a",null,"OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","MARCO_655622","93_7_MARCO_655622","Burger King Business Opportunities: Other Information. Burger King franchise owners are required to have a net worth of $1,500,000, with $500,000 available in liquid assets. Franchise contracts last for 20 years, and are renewable after that period.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1]
["OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","93_7","What is the process to buy a Burger King franchise?","ABOUT FRANCHISING. Franchising with BURGER KINGÂ® offers you the possibility to actively benefit from the power of our brand and our convincing product range and to pass on the â€˜Taste is KINGâ€™ culture to your guests in your own BURGER KINGÂ® restaurant.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How could I start a Burger King franchise?","Opening a major restaurant franchise is impossible for the average American. McDonald's usually requires $750,000 of non-borrowed personal resources before considering an application, according to its website. Taco Bell requires net worth of $1 million, while Burger King requires $1.5 million. The franchisee controversy is the latest in a string of problems for McDonald's. Employees were striking for better wages last week.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"How do I open my first Burger King location?","At roughly the same time as Kroc was conceiving what eventually became McDonald's Corporation, two Miami, Florida businessmen, James McLamore and David Edgerton, opened a franchise of the predecessor to what is now the international fast food restaurant chain Burger King. McLamore had visited the original McDonald's hamburger stand belonging to the McDonald brothers; sensing potential in their innovative assembly line-based production system, he decided he wanted to open a similar operation of his own. The two partners eventually decided to invest their money in Jacksonville, Florida-based Insta-Burger King. Originally opened in 1953, the founders and owners of the chain, Kieth J. Kramer and his wife's uncle Matthew Burns, opened their first stores around a piece of equipment known as the Insta-Broiler. The Insta-Broiler oven proved so successful at cooking burgers, they required all of their franchises to carry the device. By 1959 McLamore and Edgarton were operating several locations within the Miami-Dade area and were growing at a fast clip. Despite the success of their operation, the partners discovered that the design of the insta-broiler made the unit's heating elements prone to degradation from the drippings of the beef patties. The pair eventually created a mechanized gas grill that avoided the problems by changing the way the meat patties were cooked in the unit. After the original company began to falter in 1959, it was purchased by McLamore and Edgerton who renamed the company Burger King.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","ABOUT FRANCHISING. Franchising with BURGER KINGÂ® offers you the possibility to actively benefit from the power of our brand and our convincing product range and to pass on the â€˜Taste is KINGâ€™ culture to your guests in your own BURGER KINGÂ® restaurant.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,109,false,"93_7_MARCO_7975349","MARCO_7975349","93_7_MARCO_218440","MARCO_218440","93_7_CAR_2698f8e3721ec4ded9bf52108704fc4b0a18f41b","CAR_2698f8e3721ec4ded9bf52108704fc4b0a18f41b",null,"OK let's do it. What is the process of buying a Burger King franchise?","MARCO_7975349","93_7_MARCO_7975349","ABOUT FRANCHISING. Franchising with BURGER KINGÂ® offers you the possibility to actively benefit from the power of our brand and our convincing product range and to pass on the â€˜Taste is KINGâ€™ culture to your guests in your own BURGER KINGÂ® restaurant.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["How did snowboarding begin?","94_1","Where did snowboarding come from?","Digital Vision/Digital Vision/Getty Images. Tom Sims invented snowboarding when he built the first snowboard in 1963. Growing up in New Jersey, the young surfer and skateboarder became frustrated when ice and snow prevented him from pursuing his passion for board sports during the winter months.",1,null,"When was snowboarding invented?","Digital Vision/Digital Vision/Getty Images. Tom Sims invented snowboarding when he built the first snowboard in 1963. Growing up in New Jersey, the young surfer and skateboarder became frustrated when ice and snow prevented him from pursuing his passion for board sports during the winter months.",1,null,"How did snowboarding start?","Snowboarding was born in 1965 when Sherman Poppen created the \"Snurfer\" by bracing a pair of skis together and riding  sideways down his backyard hill in Muskegon, Michigan. Through the late 60s, 70s and early 80s snowboard designs with the help of snowboard innovators Jake Burton, Tom Sims, Mike Olson, Dimitrije Milovich and others. It has since evolved into the fastest growing winter sport on the planet.",4,null,"How did snowboarding begin?","The Beginning Of Snowboarding. It is hard to say who actually invented the first snowboard. People would have always figured out how to slide down a hill on some sled, thus it would be unfair to point out one specific person, who came up with the first snowboard. There were some people, though, who built snowboard like sleds before.",1,null,110,true,"94_1_MARCO_414","MARCO_414","94_1_MARCO_414","MARCO_414","94_1_CAR_eb78f460f0ce986ae4dd5ea3ef4add4590c24b96","CAR_eb78f460f0ce986ae4dd5ea3ef4add4590c24b96",null,"How did snowboarding begin?","MARCO_4450169","94_1_MARCO_4450169","The Beginning Of Snowboarding. It is hard to say who actually invented the first snowboard. People would have always figured out how to slide down a hill on some sled, thus it would be unfair to point out one specific person, who came up with the first snowboard. There were some people, though, who built snowboard like sleds before.",1]
["How did snowboarding begin?","94_1","Where did snowboarding come from?","By Philip Sebastian Schilling. Snowboarding is an awesome sport that has become more and more popular in recent years. Originally the inspiration came from skateboarding, surfing, and skiing, the sport of snowboarding evolved in the United States back in the decades of the 1960s and 70s.",1,null,"When was snowboarding invented?","Who Invented Snowboarding? Tom Sims invented snowboarding when he built the first snowboard in 1963. Growing up in New Jersey, the young surfer and skateboarder became frustrated when ice and snow prevented him from pursuing his passion for board sports during the winter months.",1,null,"How did snowboarding start?","The film traces snowboarding’s routes back to the very beginning of the sport, starting in 1965 with Sherman Poppen’s home-made invention for children, chronicling its boom in the 90s up to its present mainstream status as a global cultural phenomenon. We Ride features interviews with some of the sport’s most influential figures, including Todd Richards, Jake Burton Carpenter, Tom Sims, Craig Kelly, and burn-sponsored snowboarders Ståle Sandbech and Gigi Rüf. It was narrated by actor, comedian and pro-skater Jason Lee (actor) and directed by Grain Media founders John Drever and Orlando Von Einsiedel, who had been a pro-snowboarder before turning his hand to film.",1,null,"How did snowboarding begin?","Snowboarding was born in 1965 when Sherman Poppen created the \"Snurfer\" by bracing a pair of skis together and riding  sideways down his backyard hill in Muskegon, Michigan. Through the late 60s, 70s and early 80s snowboard designs with the help of snowboard innovators Jake Burton, Tom Sims, Mike Olson, Dimitrije Milovich and others. It has since evolved into the fastest growing winter sport on the planet.",4,null,110,true,"94_1_MARCO_6146441","MARCO_6146441","94_1_MARCO_413","MARCO_413","94_1_CAR_b0638a8cd51a1d50f1aa445b35385ae5150156da","CAR_b0638a8cd51a1d50f1aa445b35385ae5150156da",null,"How did snowboarding begin?","CAR_eb78f460f0ce986ae4dd5ea3ef4add4590c24b96","94_1_CAR_eb78f460f0ce986ae4dd5ea3ef4add4590c24b96","Snowboarding was born in 1965 when Sherman Poppen created the \"Snurfer\" by bracing a pair of skis together and riding  sideways down his backyard hill in Muskegon, Michigan. Through the late 60s, 70s and early 80s snowboard designs with the help of snowboard innovators Jake Burton, Tom Sims, Mike Olson, Dimitrije Milovich and others. It has since evolved into the fastest growing winter sport on the planet.",4]
["How did snowboarding begin?","94_1","Where did snowboarding come from?","As snowboarding became more popular in the 1970s and 1980s, pioneers such as Dimitrije Milovich, Jake Burton Carpenter (founder of Burton Snowboards from Londonderry, Vermont), Tom Sims (founder of Sims Snowboards), and Mike Olson (founder of Gnu Snowboards) came up with new designs for boards and mechanisms that slowly developed into the snowboards and other related equipment that we know today.",1,null,"When was snowboarding invented?","Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill.",1,null,"How did snowboarding start?","In the DVD extra on the King of New York, Schoolly D claims to have independently invented the sport of snowboarding by sledding down Philadelphia hills on pieces of linoleum. (Snowboarding has roots in snurfing, which was invented in 1965.)",3,null,"How did snowboarding begin?","In the DVD extra on the King of New York, Schoolly D claims to have independently invented the sport of snowboarding by sledding down Philadelphia hills on pieces of linoleum. (Snowboarding has roots in snurfing, which was invented in 1965.)",3,null,110,true,"94_1_CAR_6d8a5005eb830bf3d05dc6e394667b8d6a517a4b","CAR_6d8a5005eb830bf3d05dc6e394667b8d6a517a4b","94_1_MARCO_4450167","MARCO_4450167","94_1_CAR_73da691803e8819b2f3d069b39b537b675ea684f","CAR_73da691803e8819b2f3d069b39b537b675ea684f",null,"How did snowboarding begin?","CAR_73da691803e8819b2f3d069b39b537b675ea684f","94_1_CAR_73da691803e8819b2f3d069b39b537b675ea684f","In the DVD extra on the King of New York, Schoolly D claims to have independently invented the sport of snowboarding by sledding down Philadelphia hills on pieces of linoleum. (Snowboarding has roots in snurfing, which was invented in 1965.)",3]
["Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","94_2","What were the names of the snowboarding winners at the Winter Olympics in 1998?","At the 1998 Winter Olympic Games in Nagano, Japan, Snowboarding became an official Olympic event.  France's Karine Ruby was the first ever to win an Olympic gold medal for Woman's Snowboarding at the 1998 Olympics, while Canadian Ross Rebagliati was the first ever to win an Olympic gold medal for Men's Snowboarding.",3,null,"Who were the world's best snowboarding winners in the 1998 Olympics?","At the 1998 Winter Olympic Games in Nagano, Japan, Snowboarding became an official Olympic event.  France's Karine Ruby was the first ever to win an Olympic gold medal for Woman's Snowboarding at the 1998 Olympics, while Canadian Ross Rebagliati was the first ever to win an Olympic gold medal for Men's Snowboarding.",3,null,"Who won the snowboarding gold medal in Olympics in 1998?","Nicola Thost (born May 3, 1977) is a German snowboarder and Olympic champion. She won a gold medal at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","At the 1998 Winter Olympic Games in Nagano, Japan, Snowboarding became an official Olympic event.  France's Karine Ruby was the first ever to win an Olympic gold medal for Woman's Snowboarding at the 1998 Olympics, while Canadian Ross Rebagliati was the first ever to win an Olympic gold medal for Men's Snowboarding.",3,null,111,false,"94_2_CAR_1da1987884fa4ee45e2a32680327528f515f6c4c","CAR_1da1987884fa4ee45e2a32680327528f515f6c4c","94_2_CAR_1da1987884fa4ee45e2a32680327528f515f6c4c","CAR_1da1987884fa4ee45e2a32680327528f515f6c4c","94_2_CAR_815cb326d1e8797a74463ee85f52c250274764fe","CAR_815cb326d1e8797a74463ee85f52c250274764fe",null,"Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","CAR_1da1987884fa4ee45e2a32680327528f515f6c4c","94_2_CAR_1da1987884fa4ee45e2a32680327528f515f6c4c","At the 1998 Winter Olympic Games in Nagano, Japan, Snowboarding became an official Olympic event.  France's Karine Ruby was the first ever to win an Olympic gold medal for Woman's Snowboarding at the 1998 Olympics, while Canadian Ross Rebagliati was the first ever to win an Olympic gold medal for Men's Snowboarding.",3]
["Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","94_2","What were the names of the snowboarding winners at the Winter Olympics in 1998?","Snowboarding is a sport at the Winter Olympic Games. It was first included in the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan. Snowboarding was one of five new sports or disciplines added to the Winter Olympic program between 1992 and 2002, and was the only one not to have been a previous medal or demonstration event. In 1998, four events, two for men and two for women, were held in two specialities: the giant slalom, a downhill event similar to giant slalom skiing; and the half-pipe, in which competitors perform tricks while going from one side of a semi-circular ditch to the other. Canadian Ross Rebagliati won the men's giant slalom and became the first athlete to win a gold medal in snowboarding. Rebagliati was briefly stripped of his medal by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) after testing positive for marijuana. However, the IOC's decision was reverted following an appeal from the Canadian Olympic Association. For the 2002 Winter Olympics, giant slalom was expanded to add head-to-head racing and was renamed parallel giant slalom. In 2006, a third event, the snowboard cross, was held for the first time. In this event, competitors race against each other down a course with jumps, beams and other obstacles. On July 11, 2011, the International Olympic Committee's Executive Board approved the addition of Ski and Snowboard Slopestyle to the Winter Olympics roster of events, effective in 2014. The decision was announced via press conference from the IOC's meeting in Durban, South Africa. A fifth event, parallel slalom, was added be in 2014.",2,null,"Who were the world's best snowboarding winners in the 1998 Olympics?","Ross Rebagliati won a gold medal in snowboarding when the sport made its Olympic debut at the 1998 Nagano games.  Initially he was stripped of the medal when traces of marijuana were found in his blood during a drug test, but the IOC reversed its decision after an appeal a few days later because marijuana was only a restricted substance, not a banned substance.",1,null,"Who won the snowboarding gold medal in Olympics in 1998?","Ross Rebagliati won a gold medal in snowboarding when the sport made its Olympic debut at the 1998 Nagano games.  Initially he was stripped of the medal when traces of marijuana were found in his blood during a drug test, but the IOC reversed its decision after an appeal a few days later because marijuana was only a restricted substance, not a banned substance.",1,null,"Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","Ruby won the giant slalom event in the snowboarding competition at the 1998 Winter Olympics held in Nagano, Japan, overcoming severe weather conditions to win the first Olympic gold medal awarded in the event to a woman. She finished a combined 1.74 seconds behind Isabelle Blanc in the parallel giant slalom in snowboarding competition at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, an event that the two French snowboarders had dedicated to the memory of teammate Régine Cavagnoud, who had died in a 2001 training accident.",2,null,111,false,"94_2_CAR_a3fe3615d333e474d39805a091ab38752047f844","CAR_a3fe3615d333e474d39805a091ab38752047f844","94_2_CAR_3ed1dfecd095114cca751a9acd337a0648ac624b","CAR_3ed1dfecd095114cca751a9acd337a0648ac624b","94_2_CAR_3ed1dfecd095114cca751a9acd337a0648ac624b","CAR_3ed1dfecd095114cca751a9acd337a0648ac624b",null,"Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","CAR_4c538d5d4679429604d91a7dd594daf8aab9cf48","94_2_CAR_4c538d5d4679429604d91a7dd594daf8aab9cf48","Ruby won the giant slalom event in the snowboarding competition at the 1998 Winter Olympics held in Nagano, Japan, overcoming severe weather conditions to win the first Olympic gold medal awarded in the event to a woman. She finished a combined 1.74 seconds behind Isabelle Blanc in the parallel giant slalom in snowboarding competition at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, an event that the two French snowboarders had dedicated to the memory of teammate Régine Cavagnoud, who had died in a 2001 training accident.",2]
["Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","94_2","What were the names of the snowboarding winners at the Winter Olympics in 1998?","Ross Rebagliati won a gold medal in snowboarding when the sport made its Olympic debut at the 1998 Nagano games.  Initially he was stripped of the medal when traces of marijuana were found in his blood during a drug test, but the IOC reversed its decision after an appeal a few days later because marijuana was only a restricted substance, not a banned substance.",1,null,"Who were the world's best snowboarding winners in the 1998 Olympics?","Nicola Thost (born May 3, 1977) is a German snowboarder and Olympic champion. She won a gold medal at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"Who won the snowboarding gold medal in Olympics in 1998?","Karine Ruby (4 January 1978, Bonneville, Haute-Savoie – 29 May 2009) was a French snowboarder and Olympic champion. She won a gold medal at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano. She received a silver medal at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City.",4,null,"Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","Snowboarding is a sport that has been contested at the Winter Olympic Games since the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan. Snowboarding was one of five new sports or disciplines added to the Winter Olympic programme between 1992 and 2002, and was the only one not to have been a previous medal or demonstration event. In 1998, four events, two for men and two for women, were held in two specialities: the giant slalom, a downhill event similar to giant slalom skiing; and the half-pipe, in which competitors perform tricks while going from one side of a semi-circular ditch to the other. Canadian Ross Rebagliati won the men's giant slalom and became the first athlete to win a gold medal in snowboarding. Rebagliati was briefly stripped of his medal by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) after testing positive for marijuana. However, the IOC's decision was reverted following an appeal from the Canadian Olympic Association. For the 2002 Winter Olympics, the giant slalom was dropped in favour of the parallel giant slalom, an event that involves head-to-head racing. In 2006, a third event, the snowboard cross, was held for the first time. In this event, competitors race against each other down a course with jumps, beams and other obstacles.",1,null,111,false,"94_2_CAR_3ed1dfecd095114cca751a9acd337a0648ac624b","CAR_3ed1dfecd095114cca751a9acd337a0648ac624b","94_2_CAR_815cb326d1e8797a74463ee85f52c250274764fe","CAR_815cb326d1e8797a74463ee85f52c250274764fe","94_2_CAR_a0e74c304136533e6d590e0becfa53351a26f555","CAR_a0e74c304136533e6d590e0becfa53351a26f555",null,"Interesting. That's later than I expected. Who were the winners of snowboarding events in the 1998 Winter Olympics?","CAR_5acfb0012ca8d12b42eda02cd6c8eb45194e38f7","94_2_CAR_5acfb0012ca8d12b42eda02cd6c8eb45194e38f7","Snowboarding is a sport that has been contested at the Winter Olympic Games since the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan. Snowboarding was one of five new sports or disciplines added to the Winter Olympic programme between 1992 and 2002, and was the only one not to have been a previous medal or demonstration event. In 1998, four events, two for men and two for women, were held in two specialities: the giant slalom, a downhill event similar to giant slalom skiing; and the half-pipe, in which competitors perform tricks while going from one side of a semi-circular ditch to the other. Canadian Ross Rebagliati won the men's giant slalom and became the first athlete to win a gold medal in snowboarding. Rebagliati was briefly stripped of his medal by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) after testing positive for marijuana. However, the IOC's decision was reverted following an appeal from the Canadian Olympic Association. For the 2002 Winter Olympics, the giant slalom was dropped in favour of the parallel giant slalom, an event that involves head-to-head racing. In 2006, a third event, the snowboard cross, was held for the first time. In this event, competitors race against each other down a course with jumps, beams and other obstacles.",1]
["What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","94_3","What do snowboarding strap-in bindings mean?","Bindings are separate components from the snowboard deck and are very important parts of the total snowboard interface. The bindings' main function is to hold the rider's boot in place tightly to transfer their energy to the board. Most bindings are attached to the board with three or four screws that are placed in the center of the binding. Although a rather new technology from Burton called Infinite channel system uses two screws, both on the outsides of the binding.",1,null,"What do strap-in snowboard bindings do?","In 2002 Rick A. White invented a snowboard binding rotating device to minimize the torque force that occurs when a snowboarder has one foot out of the binding and one locked on the board. The rotating device allows the snowboarder to turn the locked foot straight into the direction of the tip of the snowboard without removing his boot from the boot binding. In 2004 the invention was first introduced on the SIA fare. In 2007 the rotating mechanism was implemented into a snowboard strap-in binding.",1,null,"What are strap-in snowboarding bindings? Why are they necessary?","Bindings are separate components from the snowboard deck and are very important parts of the total snowboard interface. The bindings' main function is to hold the rider's boot in place tightly to transfer their energy to the board. Most bindings are attached to the board with three or four screws that are placed in the center of the binding. Although a rather new technology from Burton called Infinite channel system uses two screws, both on the outsides of the binding.",1,null,"What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","Cap-strap bindings are a recent modification that provide a very tight fit to the toe of the boot, and seats the boot more securely in the binding. Numerous companies have adopted various versions of the cap strap.",1,null,112,true,"94_3_CAR_4706248e63b20550db3aec4ff83cab4c83ab12cb","CAR_4706248e63b20550db3aec4ff83cab4c83ab12cb","94_3_CAR_2eb1e04ea0f399c7c22d070fc78f4473ec3aaf12","CAR_2eb1e04ea0f399c7c22d070fc78f4473ec3aaf12","94_3_CAR_4706248e63b20550db3aec4ff83cab4c83ab12cb","CAR_4706248e63b20550db3aec4ff83cab4c83ab12cb",null,"What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950","94_3_CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950","Cap-strap bindings are a recent modification that provide a very tight fit to the toe of the boot, and seats the boot more securely in the binding. Numerous companies have adopted various versions of the cap strap.",1]
["What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","94_3","What do snowboarding strap-in bindings mean?","Snowboard boot bindings are normally screwed onto the snowboard in a permanent orientation which is almost perpendicular to the direction of travel of the snowboard. When a snowboarder reaches the bottom of a run, the rear boot is typically released from its binding to allow the snowboarder to propel himself forward across relatively flat snow. Because the front foot in the snowboard binding is at an angle to forward motion, the snowboarder experiences discomfort and tension on his leg, knee and foot joint.",0,null,"What do strap-in snowboard bindings do?","Bindings are separate components from the snowboard deck and are very important parts of the total snowboard interface. The bindings' main function is to hold the rider's boot in place tightly to transfer their energy to the board. Most bindings are attached to the board with three or four screws that are placed in the center of the binding. Although a rather new technology from Burton called Infinite channel system uses two screws, both on the outsides of the binding.",1,null,"What are strap-in snowboarding bindings? Why are they necessary?","Snowboard boots and bindings are normally far simpler than their downhill counterparts, rarely including release systems for instance, and need to provide mechanical support only in the fore and aft directions. These typically consist of an external frame, generally L shaped, which the snowboarder steps into and then fastens down using straps over the boot. The boot itself is not as responsible for transmitting forces, and can be much softer than a typical downhill boot. When the sport was first introduced, normal winter boots were used, but today it is much more common to use semi-stiff snowboarding boots. Some specialty disciplines use harder boots with step-in bindings more similar to downhill systems, but these are not widely used outside these fields, even though some downhill sports teachers use these so they can switch between snowboarding or skiing classes without having to change boots.",3,null,"What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","Snowboard boots and bindings are normally far simpler than their downhill counterparts, rarely including release systems for instance, and need to provide mechanical support only in the fore and aft directions. These typically consist of an external frame, generally L shaped, which the snowboarder steps into and then fastens down using straps over the boot. The boot itself is not as responsible for transmitting forces, and can be much softer than a typical downhill boot. When the sport was first introduced, normal winter boots were used, but today it is much more common to use semi-stiff snowboarding boots. Some specialty disciplines use harder boots with step-in bindings more similar to downhill systems, but these are not widely used outside these fields, even though some downhill sports teachers use these so they can switch between snowboarding or skiing classes without having to change boots.",3,null,112,true,"94_3_CAR_d22a3cc8295077aaf81bf0674e6dae26728de9d1","CAR_d22a3cc8295077aaf81bf0674e6dae26728de9d1","94_3_CAR_4706248e63b20550db3aec4ff83cab4c83ab12cb","CAR_4706248e63b20550db3aec4ff83cab4c83ab12cb","94_3_CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8","CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8",null,"What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8","94_3_CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8","Snowboard boots and bindings are normally far simpler than their downhill counterparts, rarely including release systems for instance, and need to provide mechanical support only in the fore and aft directions. These typically consist of an external frame, generally L shaped, which the snowboarder steps into and then fastens down using straps over the boot. The boot itself is not as responsible for transmitting forces, and can be much softer than a typical downhill boot. When the sport was first introduced, normal winter boots were used, but today it is much more common to use semi-stiff snowboarding boots. Some specialty disciplines use harder boots with step-in bindings more similar to downhill systems, but these are not widely used outside these fields, even though some downhill sports teachers use these so they can switch between snowboarding or skiing classes without having to change boots.",3]
["What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","94_3","What do snowboarding strap-in bindings mean?","Snowboard boots and bindings are normally far simpler than their downhill counterparts, rarely including release systems for instance, and need to provide mechanical support only in the fore and aft directions. These typically consist of an external frame, generally L shaped, which the snowboarder steps into and then fastens down using straps over the boot. The boot itself is not as responsible for transmitting forces, and can be much softer than a typical downhill boot. When the sport was first introduced, normal winter boots were used, but today it is much more common to use semi-stiff snowboarding boots. Some specialty disciplines use harder boots with step-in bindings more similar to downhill systems, but these are not widely used outside these fields, even though some downhill sports teachers use these so they can switch between snowboarding or skiing classes without having to change boots.",3,null,"What do strap-in snowboard bindings do?","Cap-strap bindings are a recent modification that provide a very tight fit to the toe of the boot, and seats the boot more securely in the binding. Numerous companies have adopted various versions of the cap strap.",1,null,"What are strap-in snowboarding bindings? Why are they necessary?","Cap-strap bindings are a recent modification that provide a very tight fit to the toe of the boot, and seats the boot more securely in the binding. Numerous companies have adopted various versions of the cap strap.",1,null,"What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","With modern strap bindings, the rider wears a boot which has a thick but flexible sole, and padded uppers. The foot is held onto the board with two buckle straps – one strapped across the top of the toe area, and one across the ankle area. They can be tightly ratcheted closed for a tight fit and good rider control of the board. Straps are typically padded to more evenly distribute pressure across the foot. While nowhere near as popular as two-strap bindings, some people prefer three-strap bindings for more specialized riding such as carving. The third strap tends to provide additional stiffness to the binding.",4,null,112,true,"94_3_CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8","CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8","94_3_CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950","CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950","94_3_CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950","CAR_2c0a730098e205680b9deea5c4df15f54140d950",null,"What are strap-in snowboard bindings?","CAR_8c4d7a7d8eee2d2d1a6c3ffdd0d61e36dc0f37d7","94_3_CAR_8c4d7a7d8eee2d2d1a6c3ffdd0d61e36dc0f37d7","With modern strap bindings, the rider wears a boot which has a thick but flexible sole, and padded uppers. The foot is held onto the board with two buckle straps – one strapped across the top of the toe area, and one across the ankle area. They can be tightly ratcheted closed for a tight fit and good rider control of the board. Straps are typically padded to more evenly distribute pressure across the foot. While nowhere near as popular as two-strap bindings, some people prefer three-strap bindings for more specialized riding such as carving. The third strap tends to provide additional stiffness to the binding.",4]
["What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","94_4","What are possible types to replace strap-in bindings for snowboarding?","Snowboard boots and bindings are normally far simpler than their downhill counterparts, rarely including release systems for instance, and need to provide mechanical support only in the fore and aft directions. These typically consist of an external frame, generally L shaped, which the snowboarder steps into and then fastens down using straps over the boot. The boot itself is not as responsible for transmitting forces, and can be much softer than a typical downhill boot. When the sport was first introduced, normal winter boots were used, but today it is much more common to use semi-stiff snowboarding boots. Some specialty disciplines use harder boots with step-in bindings more similar to downhill systems, but these are not widely used outside these fields, even though some downhill sports teachers use these so they can switch between snowboarding or skiing classes without having to change boots.",1,null,"Are there better options for snowboarding bindings?","A Noboard is a snowboard binding alternative with only peel and stick pads applied directly to any snowboard deck and no attachment.",0,null,"What are some different strap-in binding types for snowboarding?","There are several types of bindings. Strap-in, step-in, and hybrid bindings are used by most recreational riders and all freestyle riders.",3,null,"What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","A Noboard is a snowboard binding alternative with only peel and stick pads applied directly to any snowboard deck and no attachment.",0,null,113,false,"94_4_CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8","CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8","94_4_CAR_d547f75471104a2350d32305cea609a34c8ed580","CAR_d547f75471104a2350d32305cea609a34c8ed580","94_4_CAR_9ac476fa5f8a8b1e688b22a9ef31ed632f6b9318","CAR_9ac476fa5f8a8b1e688b22a9ef31ed632f6b9318",null,"What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","CAR_d547f75471104a2350d32305cea609a34c8ed580","94_4_CAR_d547f75471104a2350d32305cea609a34c8ed580","A Noboard is a snowboard binding alternative with only peel and stick pads applied directly to any snowboard deck and no attachment.",0]
["What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","94_4","What are possible types to replace strap-in bindings for snowboarding?","A Noboard is a snowboard binding alternative with only peel and stick pads applied directly to any snowboard deck and no attachment.",0,null,"Are there better options for snowboarding bindings?","These are the most popular bindings in snowboarding. Before snowboard specific boots existed, snowboarders used any means necessary to attach their feet to their snowboards and gain the leverage needed for turning. Typical boots used in these early days of snowboarding were Sorels or snowmobile boots. These boots were not designed for snowboarding and did not provide the support desired for doing turns on the heel edge of a snowboard. As a result, early innovators such as Louis Fournier conceived the \"high-back\" binding design which was later commercialized and patented by Jeff Grell. The highback binding is the technology produced by most binding equipment manufacturers in the snowboard industry. The leverage provided by highbacks greatly improved board control. Snowboarders such as Craig Kelly adapted plastic \"tongues\" to their boots to provide the same support for toe-side turns that the highback provided for heel-side turns. In response, companies such as Burton and Gnu began to offer \"tongues\".",0,null,"What are some different strap-in binding types for snowboarding?","Snowboard boots and bindings are normally far simpler than their downhill counterparts, rarely including release systems for instance, and need to provide mechanical support only in the fore and aft directions. These typically consist of an external frame, generally L shaped, which the snowboarder steps into and then fastens down using straps over the boot. The boot itself is not as responsible for transmitting forces, and can be much softer than a typical downhill boot. When the sport was first introduced, normal winter boots were used, but today it is much more common to use semi-stiff snowboarding boots. Some specialty disciplines use harder boots with step-in bindings more similar to downhill systems, but these are not widely used outside these fields, even though some downhill sports teachers use these so they can switch between snowboarding or skiing classes without having to change boots.",1,null,"What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","There are also proprietary systems that seek to combine the convenience of step-in systems with the control levels attainable with strap-ins. An example is the Flow binding system, which is similar to a strap-in binding, except that the foot enters the binding through the back.  The back flips down and allows the boot to slide in; it's then flipped up and locked into place with a clamp, eliminating the need to loosen and then re-tighten straps every time the rider frees and then re-secures their rear foot. The rider's boot is held down by an adjustable webbing that covers most of the foot. Newer Flow models have connected straps in place of the webbing found on older models; these straps are also micro adjustable. In 2004, K2 released the Cinch series, a similar rear-entry binding; riders slip their foot in as they would a Flow binding, however rather than webbing, the foot is held down by straps.",3,null,113,false,"94_4_CAR_d547f75471104a2350d32305cea609a34c8ed580","CAR_d547f75471104a2350d32305cea609a34c8ed580","94_4_CAR_4505adef72edaa81c6da401b63b50cee73abf5da","CAR_4505adef72edaa81c6da401b63b50cee73abf5da","94_4_CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8","CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8",null,"What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","CAR_7cb6d2b4c4f979909fc1a7e578e2bf765ba277b4","94_4_CAR_7cb6d2b4c4f979909fc1a7e578e2bf765ba277b4","There are also proprietary systems that seek to combine the convenience of step-in systems with the control levels attainable with strap-ins. An example is the Flow binding system, which is similar to a strap-in binding, except that the foot enters the binding through the back.  The back flips down and allows the boot to slide in; it's then flipped up and locked into place with a clamp, eliminating the need to loosen and then re-tighten straps every time the rider frees and then re-secures their rear foot. The rider's boot is held down by an adjustable webbing that covers most of the foot. Newer Flow models have connected straps in place of the webbing found on older models; these straps are also micro adjustable. In 2004, K2 released the Cinch series, a similar rear-entry binding; riders slip their foot in as they would a Flow binding, however rather than webbing, the foot is held down by straps.",3]
["What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","94_4","What are possible types to replace strap-in bindings for snowboarding?","There are several types of bindings. Strap-in, step-in, and hybrid bindings are used by most recreational riders and all freestyle riders.",3,null,"Are there better options for snowboarding bindings?","Zumiez carries a huge selection of men's snowboard bindings, women's snowboard bindings, and kids snowboard bindings from the top brands in the snow industry... Burton, Ride, and Union bindings. Check out this size chart below to pick out the snowboard bindings for you.",0,null,"What are some different strap-in binding types for snowboarding?","There are also proprietary systems that seek to combine the convenience of step-in systems with the control levels attainable with strap-ins. An example is the Flow binding system, which is similar to a strap-in binding, except that the foot enters the binding through the back.  The back flips down and allows the boot to slide in; it's then flipped up and locked into place with a clamp, eliminating the need to loosen and then re-tighten straps every time the rider frees and then re-secures their rear foot. The rider's boot is held down by an adjustable webbing that covers most of the foot. Newer Flow models have connected straps in place of the webbing found on older models; these straps are also micro adjustable. In 2004, K2 released the Cinch series, a similar rear-entry binding; riders slip their foot in as they would a Flow binding, however rather than webbing, the foot is held down by straps.",3,null,"What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","There are several types of bindings. Strap-in, step-in, and hybrid bindings are used by most recreational riders and all freestyle riders.",3,null,113,false,"94_4_CAR_9ac476fa5f8a8b1e688b22a9ef31ed632f6b9318","CAR_9ac476fa5f8a8b1e688b22a9ef31ed632f6b9318","94_4_MARCO_1577825","MARCO_1577825","94_4_CAR_7cb6d2b4c4f979909fc1a7e578e2bf765ba277b4","CAR_7cb6d2b4c4f979909fc1a7e578e2bf765ba277b4",null,"What's an alternative to the strap-in binding style for snowboarding?","CAR_9ac476fa5f8a8b1e688b22a9ef31ed632f6b9318","94_4_CAR_9ac476fa5f8a8b1e688b22a9ef31ed632f6b9318","There are several types of bindings. Strap-in, step-in, and hybrid bindings are used by most recreational riders and all freestyle riders.",3]
["What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","94_5","What things do I need for my first-time snowboarding besides strap-in bindings?","A snowboard, and perhaps snowboard boots. You can get snowboards with buckles for normal shoes/boots, and you can get snowboards with click thingies, that you click snowboar â€¦ d boot into.   Answer:   You need a lot of equipment for snowboarding. Here is the equipment that is necessary: A snowboard, Snowboard boots, helmet (optional), goggles, gloves, and bindings. You need your equipment to be fitted properly or you can get badly hurt or not perform at your 110% top.",3,null,"What do I need to prepare when I start snowboarding?","I have just started to ride and thinking of doing a few races in the near future, my question is this do I need to build body mass of just develop strength. I am currently weight 150 lbs, and am 5.5 I want to gain weight but from what I can see in some races I donâ€™t need to gain but be stronger.",0,null,"What tools (besides bindings) will I need for my first snowboarding experience?","A snowboard, and perhaps snowboard boots. You can get snowboards with buckles for normal shoes/boots, and you can get snowboards with click thingies, that you click snowboar â€¦ d boot into.   Answer:   You need a lot of equipment for snowboarding. Here is the equipment that is necessary: A snowboard, Snowboard boots, helmet (optional), goggles, gloves, and bindings. You need your equipment to be fitted properly or you can get badly hurt or not perform at your 110% top.",3,null,"What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","A snowboard, and perhaps snowboard boots. You can get snowboards with buckles for normal shoes/boots, and you can get snowboards with click thingies, that you click snowboar â€¦ d boot into.   Answer:   You need a lot of equipment for snowboarding. Here is the equipment that is necessary: A snowboard, Snowboard boots, helmet (optional), goggles, gloves, and bindings. You need your equipment to be fitted properly or you can get badly hurt or not perform at your 110% top.",3,null,114,true,"94_5_MARCO_8730477","MARCO_8730477","94_5_MARCO_7032214","MARCO_7032214","94_5_MARCO_8730477","MARCO_8730477",null,"What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","MARCO_8730477","94_5_MARCO_8730477","A snowboard, and perhaps snowboard boots. You can get snowboards with buckles for normal shoes/boots, and you can get snowboards with click thingies, that you click snowboar â€¦ d boot into.   Answer:   You need a lot of equipment for snowboarding. Here is the equipment that is necessary: A snowboard, Snowboard boots, helmet (optional), goggles, gloves, and bindings. You need your equipment to be fitted properly or you can get badly hurt or not perform at your 110% top.",3]
["What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","94_5","What things do I need for my first-time snowboarding besides strap-in bindings?","Snowboard boots and bindings are normally far simpler than their downhill counterparts, rarely including release systems for instance, and need to provide mechanical support only in the fore and aft directions. These typically consist of an external frame, generally L shaped, which the snowboarder steps into and then fastens down using straps over the boot. The boot itself is not as responsible for transmitting forces, and can be much softer than a typical downhill boot. When the sport was first introduced, normal winter boots were used, but today it is much more common to use semi-stiff snowboarding boots. Some specialty disciplines use harder boots with step-in bindings more similar to downhill systems, but these are not widely used outside these fields, even though some downhill sports teachers use these so they can switch between snowboarding or skiing classes without having to change boots.",1,null,"What do I need to prepare when I start snowboarding?","I was wondering what equipment I would need to start. I have inline skates without the brakes but they aren't official inline hockey skates. Basically, I know nothing about it and... show more I want to start inline hockey this summer. I'm currently in college so I have to wait until summer to join a camp or league. I was wondering what equipment I would need to start. I have inline skates without the brakes but they aren't official inline hockey skates. Basically, I know nothing about it and really want to know.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What tools (besides bindings) will I need for my first snowboarding experience?","Burton Twin 58 Snowboard with Burton Soft Bindings $465; Airwalk FreeRide Snowboard Boots $220; Smith V3 Goggles $100; Stick-It gloves $145; which comes to a total of $930. But that doesnâ€™t including having the right kind of clothes. And in snowboarding itâ€™s pretty important to have the right stuff.",4,null,"What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","Snowboard boots and bindings are normally far simpler than their downhill counterparts, rarely including release systems for instance, and need to provide mechanical support only in the fore and aft directions. These typically consist of an external frame, generally L shaped, which the snowboarder steps into and then fastens down using straps over the boot. The boot itself is not as responsible for transmitting forces, and can be much softer than a typical downhill boot. When the sport was first introduced, normal winter boots were used, but today it is much more common to use semi-stiff snowboarding boots. Some specialty disciplines use harder boots with step-in bindings more similar to downhill systems, but these are not widely used outside these fields, even though some downhill sports teachers use these so they can switch between snowboarding or skiing classes without having to change boots.",1,null,114,true,"94_5_CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8","CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8","94_5_MARCO_658999","MARCO_658999","94_5_MARCO_3485041","MARCO_3485041",null,"What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8","94_5_CAR_c67a60bcd60a6d9a6df0615169e43da31c21c7f8","Snowboard boots and bindings are normally far simpler than their downhill counterparts, rarely including release systems for instance, and need to provide mechanical support only in the fore and aft directions. These typically consist of an external frame, generally L shaped, which the snowboarder steps into and then fastens down using straps over the boot. The boot itself is not as responsible for transmitting forces, and can be much softer than a typical downhill boot. When the sport was first introduced, normal winter boots were used, but today it is much more common to use semi-stiff snowboarding boots. Some specialty disciplines use harder boots with step-in bindings more similar to downhill systems, but these are not widely used outside these fields, even though some downhill sports teachers use these so they can switch between snowboarding or skiing classes without having to change boots.",1]
["What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","94_5","What things do I need for my first-time snowboarding besides strap-in bindings?","What size bindings do i need? Hopefully we answered that question above but bindings are probably the easiest element to choose for your arsenal. Bindings only come in a few different size options, but each size accommodates a range of boot sizes. This makes finding the right size binding a quick and easy process. A couple other things to look at while shopping are different types of binding entry systems and board/boot/binding compatibility. There are several types of bindings, most are similar and utilize the traditional strap system.",0,null,"What do I need to prepare when I start snowboarding?","With the growing popularity of snowboarding in the 1980s, PSIA saw the need to do for snowboard instruction what it had done for ski instruction, and thus began developing snowboard instruction material. The first training and education programs were developed in 1987, and in 1989 the association published its first snowboard-oriented education resource, the Snowboard Ski Instruction Manual. Embracing the full scope of how snowboarding fit within its educational tenets, PSIA formed AASI in 1997. Fully committed to sharing the passion of the skiing and riding experience, the organization is now known as PSIA-AASI.",0,null,"What tools (besides bindings) will I need for my first snowboarding experience?","You may also purchase an equipment lock in the Outer Edge. All rental skis and snowboards come with bindings. If you're reserving rental equipment online, please do so a minimum of 48 hours in advance. Please note that children must weigh at least 25 pounds to rent equipment.You will need the following information for all parties for whom you are reserving equipment:ental Reservation Policy. All rental skis and snowboards come with bindings. If you're reserving rental equipment online, please do so a minimum of 48 hours in advance. Please note that children must weigh at least 25 pounds to rent equipment.",1,null,"What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","What size bindings do i need? Hopefully we answered that question above but bindings are probably the easiest element to choose for your arsenal. Bindings only come in a few different size options, but each size accommodates a range of boot sizes. This makes finding the right size binding a quick and easy process. A couple other things to look at while shopping are different types of binding entry systems and board/boot/binding compatibility. There are several types of bindings, most are similar and utilize the traditional strap system.",0,null,114,true,"94_5_MARCO_8765621","MARCO_8765621","94_5_CAR_ce5fa91e3bf947991b2b3bfa3f1ec6a7a0828896","CAR_ce5fa91e3bf947991b2b3bfa3f1ec6a7a0828896","94_5_MARCO_144526","MARCO_144526",null,"What else besides bindings do I need for my first time snowboarding?","MARCO_8765621","94_5_MARCO_8765621","What size bindings do i need? Hopefully we answered that question above but bindings are probably the easiest element to choose for your arsenal. Bindings only come in a few different size options, but each size accommodates a range of boot sizes. This makes finding the right size binding a quick and easy process. A couple other things to look at while shopping are different types of binding entry systems and board/boot/binding compatibility. There are several types of bindings, most are similar and utilize the traditional strap system.",0]
["How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","94_6","How can I train myself in snowboarding?","Snowboard camps are overnight camping venues designed for the purpose of teaching and training snowboarders.  Camps are available for various skill levels, ranging from beginners to near-professional snowboarding.",2,null,"How do you get started snowboarding by yourself?","A snowboard, and perhaps snowboard boots. You can get snowboards with buckles for normal shoes/boots, and you can get snowboards with click thingies, that you click snowboar â€¦ d boot into.   Answer:   You need a lot of equipment for snowboarding. Here is the equipment that is necessary: A snowboard, Snowboard boots, helmet (optional), goggles, gloves, and bindings. You need your equipment to be fitted properly or you can get badly hurt or not perform at your 110% top.",0,null,"Where can I start to learn snowboarding?","N/A. Christmas Mountain, located in the Wisconsin Dells, is a great ski and snowboard resort for learning. Christmas Mountain has a variety of beginner, intermediate and advances terrain as well as three terrain parks. Christmas Mountainâ€™s experienced instructors can help you or the kids learn how to ski or ride in a relaxed, stress-free environment.",2,null,"How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","Tamworth Snowdome claims to be able to teach people to learn how to snowboard in just one day â€“ exactly the sort of non-committal approach I like. Still, to be completely out of my comfort zone strapped to a board at the top of a mountain, even a fake one, is a terrifying proposition.",2,null,115,false,"94_6_CAR_89e66ce8a7802b449e8782da17934ec18ccd58b5","CAR_89e66ce8a7802b449e8782da17934ec18ccd58b5","94_6_MARCO_8730477","MARCO_8730477","94_6_MARCO_7856747","MARCO_7856747",null,"How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","MARCO_3485043","94_6_MARCO_3485043","Tamworth Snowdome claims to be able to teach people to learn how to snowboard in just one day â€“ exactly the sort of non-committal approach I like. Still, to be completely out of my comfort zone strapped to a board at the top of a mountain, even a fake one, is a terrifying proposition.",2]
["How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","94_6","How can I train myself in snowboarding?","Kayla asks Will to train her for Fire and Ice so she can really know snowboarding and work on her technique. She also offers to remodel the kennel to bring in more customers. Will denies that he still loves snowboarding and refuses to coach her. Infuriated, Kayla keeps trying to talk reason into him. He blatantly replies that she does not have a team to compete with, and so there would be no point in teaching her anyways. Kayla sees his old teammates and decided that they could be a team together. Kayla then notices the really famous shredder, Skye Sailor (Kiersey Clemons), and realizes the Swifts have replaced her with Skye. She tries to reason with Will again, telling him not only have the Swifts replaced her, but they beat Will too and he hasn't snowboarded since. Will then agrees to train them.",0,null,"How do you get started snowboarding by yourself?","Tips for safer skiing and riding. Skiing and snowboarding are fun, but risky sports. Here are some tips to make your experience safer: Prepare before you even get to the slopes Most ski area websites have lots of information about skiing and riding safety. Our website's safety page and FAQ's page would be a good start for you to gain knowledge before you even get here.",1,null,"Where can I start to learn snowboarding?","Tamworth Snowdome claims to be able to teach people to learn how to snowboard in just one day â€“ exactly the sort of non-committal approach I like. Still, to be completely out of my comfort zone strapped to a board at the top of a mountain, even a fake one, is a terrifying proposition.",2,null,"How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","As Kim is living next to the mountains she tries to teach herself to snowboard although she finds this difficult. Mikki (Ken Duken), seeing her struggle, helps her out and teaches her to snowboard. He notices that she has a natural talent. He persuades her to try out to win a snowboarding competition to win $25,000.",0,null,115,false,"94_6_CAR_7ecfd9d4876fca0cf068df7732b158b54085c410","CAR_7ecfd9d4876fca0cf068df7732b158b54085c410","94_6_MARCO_2811691","MARCO_2811691","94_6_MARCO_3485043","MARCO_3485043",null,"How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","CAR_8b9b01a73975b95387f6e0356a4d964ffd49e7b3","94_6_CAR_8b9b01a73975b95387f6e0356a4d964ffd49e7b3","As Kim is living next to the mountains she tries to teach herself to snowboard although she finds this difficult. Mikki (Ken Duken), seeing her struggle, helps her out and teaches her to snowboard. He notices that she has a natural talent. He persuades her to try out to win a snowboarding competition to win $25,000.",0]
["How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","94_6","How can I train myself in snowboarding?","Welcome to the Snowboard Workout page! My name is Ron McConnell. As a certified sports medicine trainer, my job is to help injured athletes get back into action ASAP. I feel the best way to do this is by training movements (expected or unexpected) that are specific to the sport.",0,null,"How do you get started snowboarding by yourself?","Investing on a skateboard company is best if you are a skateboarding enthusiast yourself because you can teach your customers skateboard tips and skateboard tricks. The following are some information that you will find helpful if you want to know how to start a skateboard company.any entrepreneurs therefore find it a good idea to invest on a skateboard shop given the number of potential customers looking for snowboard skateboard products and accessories like skateboard clothes, skateboard pads, skateboard shorts, skate apparel and skateboarding shoes.",0,null,"Where can I start to learn snowboarding?","It's been an intense, full-body workout. The next day, I hobble out of bed and can barely lift my arms to put on a jumper. A snow centre may not be the great outdoors, but it's certainly more invigorating than my usual jog around the block. â€¢ Tamworth Snowdome's Learn to Snowboard in a Day course costs from Â£169pp, including lunch and refreshments. Group lessons start at Â£60. 08448 000011; snowdome.co.uk Over to you: share your winter sports photos and videos",2,null,"How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","A snowboard, and perhaps snowboard boots. You can get snowboards with buckles for normal shoes/boots, and you can get snowboards with click thingies, that you click snowboar â€¦ d boot into.   Answer:   You need a lot of equipment for snowboarding. Here is the equipment that is necessary: A snowboard, Snowboard boots, helmet (optional), goggles, gloves, and bindings. You need your equipment to be fitted properly or you can get badly hurt or not perform at your 110% top.",0,null,115,false,"94_6_MARCO_469854","MARCO_469854","94_6_MARCO_7336085","MARCO_7336085","94_6_MARCO_3485040","MARCO_3485040",null,"How can I teach myself to get started snowboarding?","MARCO_8730477","94_6_MARCO_8730477","A snowboard, and perhaps snowboard boots. You can get snowboards with buckles for normal shoes/boots, and you can get snowboards with click thingies, that you click snowboar â€¦ d boot into.   Answer:   You need a lot of equipment for snowboarding. Here is the equipment that is necessary: A snowboard, Snowboard boots, helmet (optional), goggles, gloves, and bindings. You need your equipment to be fitted properly or you can get badly hurt or not perform at your 110% top.",0]
["What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","94_7","What are the best snowboarding slopes in Seattle for the first time?","If youâ€™re a snowboarder or skier, the winter months are the best time to go, since the mountains to the east get quite a bit of snow, which typically starts in late October. Most ski areas open in mid November, and there are many that are only a few hours from downtown Seattle.",0,null,"What are some good snowboarding slopes around Seattle for first-timers?","Puget Sound skiers and riders flock to the slopes during the winter months to enjoy breath-taking views of Mt. Rainier and to ride some of the best terrain in Washington State, only 2 hours away from Seattle in the heart of the Cascade Mountains.",1,null,"What are the best beginner snowboarding ski slopes around Seattle?","Stevens Pass offers a variety of alpine ski runs ranging from beginner to advanced. Because there is no lodging at the base, Stevens is a day resort drawing heavily on skiers from the Seattle area.  Night skiing is offered until 10pm most days (except Tues and Weds) during mid-season.",0,null,"What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","Cascade Mountain offers 44 trails varying from beginner, intermediate, to advanced. Open to both skiers and snowboarders the runs break down to 38% beginner runs, 24% intermediate runs, and 38% advanced runs.\"The longest trail at Cascade Mountain is called \"Far Out\", a beginner cruiser trail that takes you past old growth forests, waterfalls, rock formations and more scenic terrain. It is 5,300 feet long, or just over a mile.\"",0,null,116,true,"94_7_MARCO_5292293","MARCO_5292293","94_7_MARCO_1328173","MARCO_1328173","94_7_CAR_bf7df1d5b2267d059cf882ff64ce7bce3f50c18b","CAR_bf7df1d5b2267d059cf882ff64ce7bce3f50c18b",null,"What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","CAR_b6ffb1e0fefea105f261580ebe9c78ff3b1fcb71","94_7_CAR_b6ffb1e0fefea105f261580ebe9c78ff3b1fcb71","Cascade Mountain offers 44 trails varying from beginner, intermediate, to advanced. Open to both skiers and snowboarders the runs break down to 38% beginner runs, 24% intermediate runs, and 38% advanced runs.\"The longest trail at Cascade Mountain is called \"Far Out\", a beginner cruiser trail that takes you past old growth forests, waterfalls, rock formations and more scenic terrain. It is 5,300 feet long, or just over a mile.\"",0]
["What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","94_7","What are the best snowboarding slopes in Seattle for the first time?","Puget Sound skiers and riders flock to the slopes during the winter months to enjoy breath-taking views of Mt. Rainier and to ride some of the best terrain in Washington State, only 2 hours away from Seattle in the heart of the Cascade Mountains.",1,null,"What are some good snowboarding slopes around Seattle for first-timers?","If youâ€™re a snowboarder or skier, the winter months are the best time to go, since the mountains to the east get quite a bit of snow, which typically starts in late October. Most ski areas open in mid November, and there are many that are only a few hours from downtown Seattle.",0,null,"What are the best beginner snowboarding ski slopes around Seattle?","Cascade Mountain offers 44 trails varying from beginner, intermediate, to advanced. Open to both skiers and snowboarders the runs break down to 38% beginner runs, 24% intermediate runs, and 38% advanced runs.\"The longest trail at Cascade Mountain is called \"Far Out\", a beginner cruiser trail that takes you past old growth forests, waterfalls, rock formations and more scenic terrain. It is 5,300 feet long, or just over a mile.\"",0,null,"What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","Stevens Pass offers a variety of alpine ski runs ranging from beginner to advanced. Because there is no lodging at the base, Stevens is a day resort drawing heavily on skiers from the Seattle area.  Night skiing is offered until 10pm most days (except Tues and Weds) during mid-season.",0,null,116,true,"94_7_MARCO_1328173","MARCO_1328173","94_7_MARCO_5292293","MARCO_5292293","94_7_CAR_b6ffb1e0fefea105f261580ebe9c78ff3b1fcb71","CAR_b6ffb1e0fefea105f261580ebe9c78ff3b1fcb71",null,"What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","CAR_bf7df1d5b2267d059cf882ff64ce7bce3f50c18b","94_7_CAR_bf7df1d5b2267d059cf882ff64ce7bce3f50c18b","Stevens Pass offers a variety of alpine ski runs ranging from beginner to advanced. Because there is no lodging at the base, Stevens is a day resort drawing heavily on skiers from the Seattle area.  Night skiing is offered until 10pm most days (except Tues and Weds) during mid-season.",0]
["What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","94_7","What are the best snowboarding slopes in Seattle for the first time?","In 2005 her family moved to Seattle in the Pacific Northwest. The two first years she skied with the Crystal Mountain Alpine Club before switching to Team Alpental located at The Summit at Snoqualmie a mere 30 minute drive from her home. As a longtime US resident and a member U.S. Ski and Snowboard Association (USSA), Moe-Lange often travels and trains with regional US elite teams.",0,null,"What are some good snowboarding slopes around Seattle for first-timers?","The Summit at Snoqualmie, is a winter resort in the northwest United States, located on Snoqualmie Pass, Washington. It provides alpine skiing and snowboarding, Nordic skiing, and winter tubing. Owned by CNL Investment Properties, Inc. and managed by Boyne Resorts, it is  east of downtown Seattle on Interstate 90.",1,null,"What are the best beginner snowboarding ski slopes around Seattle?","While the Ski Bowl does not have equipment to rent (see note above about local sport house), it does offer lessons in skiing and snowboarding.  Lessons range from beginner to advanced and can be in a group setting or private.  Various clinics for advanced techniques are often available as well.",0,null,"What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","Puget Sound skiers and riders flock to the slopes during the winter months to enjoy breath-taking views of Mt. Rainier and to ride some of the best terrain in Washington State, only 2 hours away from Seattle in the heart of the Cascade Mountains.",1,null,116,true,"94_7_CAR_a1c32acb8db39f05eaa68b040861edc2a8a5257e","CAR_a1c32acb8db39f05eaa68b040861edc2a8a5257e","94_7_CAR_26e1e54195f3946a5c9196ec1f8f62f0268c9032","CAR_26e1e54195f3946a5c9196ec1f8f62f0268c9032","94_7_CAR_d75139bbfadbd6158781a5d27052e4afd2a397eb","CAR_d75139bbfadbd6158781a5d27052e4afd2a397eb",null,"What are the best snowboarding slopes for beginners around Seattle?","MARCO_1328173","94_7_MARCO_1328173","Puget Sound skiers and riders flock to the slopes during the winter months to enjoy breath-taking views of Mt. Rainier and to ride some of the best terrain in Washington State, only 2 hours away from Seattle in the heart of the Cascade Mountains.",1]
["What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","94_8","What can I do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sport besides snowboarding?","Mt Bachelor offers lift accessed skiing and snowboarding 9-4 7 days a week from mid November to the end of may. On nice weather days Mt Bachelor offers Skiing 360 degrees off the summit of the mountain. Bachelor holds some of the driest snow relative to the Cascade's. The mountains wide variety of elevation and aspect allows skiers and snowboarders to find good snow nearly every day of the season. Many avid skiers and snowboarders can access a buldge on the north side of the mountain referred to as 'the cone' by hiking before, during and after the resorts typical hours of operation.",2,null,"What are some cool things to do on Mount Bachelor ski & sports that are not related to snowboarding?","In recent years, Mount Bachelor has made sweeping efforts to attract freestyle skiers and snowboarders.  A  super pipe is among the best on the continent, and hosted the 2006 USSA Olympic Qualifier.  The resort's Bachelor Parks terrain park encompasses 3 parks, is nearly a mile (1.5 km) long, descending 850 vertical feet (260 m) and featuring a number of jumps, rails, boxes, and jibs for freestyle riders.  Other parks include \"Slopestyle Arena\", and \"Sunshine Park\" for beginners.",2,null,"What are some more fun things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski and Sports?","Mt Bachelor offers lift accessed skiing and snowboarding 9-4 7 days a week from mid November to the end of may. On nice weather days Mt Bachelor offers Skiing 360 degrees off the summit of the mountain. Bachelor holds some of the driest snow relative to the Cascade's. The mountains wide variety of elevation and aspect allows skiers and snowboarders to find good snow nearly every day of the season. Many avid skiers and snowboarders can access a buldge on the north side of the mountain referred to as 'the cone' by hiking before, during and after the resorts typical hours of operation.",2,null,"What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","Mount Bachelor also has a cross country skiing area with 12 groomed trails covering 35 miles (56 km) and 850 feet (260 m) of vertical.",2,null,117,false,"94_8_CAR_0fee9121055bf994f0d6dfe97ccdfc52b95904d9","CAR_0fee9121055bf994f0d6dfe97ccdfc52b95904d9","94_8_CAR_a8014538b9238e81a5f410a92e542cdc4a900d51","CAR_a8014538b9238e81a5f410a92e542cdc4a900d51","94_8_CAR_0fee9121055bf994f0d6dfe97ccdfc52b95904d9","CAR_0fee9121055bf994f0d6dfe97ccdfc52b95904d9",null,"What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","CAR_eb3dcbe0ada317d43d10d853887552dd8360fe89","94_8_CAR_eb3dcbe0ada317d43d10d853887552dd8360fe89","Mount Bachelor also has a cross country skiing area with 12 groomed trails covering 35 miles (56 km) and 850 feet (260 m) of vertical.",2]
["What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","94_8","What can I do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sport besides snowboarding?","In recent years, Mount Bachelor has made sweeping efforts to attract freestyle skiers and snowboarders.  A  super pipe is among the best on the continent, and hosted the 2006 USSA Olympic Qualifier.  The resort's Bachelor Parks terrain park encompasses 3 parks, is nearly a mile (1.5 km) long, descending 850 vertical feet (260 m) and featuring a number of jumps, rails, boxes, and jibs for freestyle riders.  Other parks include \"Slopestyle Arena\", and \"Sunshine Park\" for beginners.",2,null,"What are some cool things to do on Mount Bachelor ski & sports that are not related to snowboarding?","Mt Bachelor offers lift accessed skiing and snowboarding 9-4 7 days a week from mid November to the end of may. On nice weather days Mt Bachelor offers Skiing 360 degrees off the summit of the mountain. Bachelor holds some of the driest snow relative to the Cascade's. The mountains wide variety of elevation and aspect allows skiers and snowboarders to find good snow nearly every day of the season. Many avid skiers and snowboarders can access a buldge on the north side of the mountain referred to as 'the cone' by hiking before, during and after the resorts typical hours of operation.",2,null,"What are some more fun things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski and Sports?","Mount Bachelor also has a cross country skiing area with 12 groomed trails covering 35 miles (56 km) and 850 feet (260 m) of vertical.",2,null,"What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","Mount Bachelor has outlined in its master plan that it intends to replace its Sunrise Express to a high-speed six-pack, along with replacing its Rainbow triple chairlift with a high-speed quad. In addition, the ski area plans to expand its downhill mountain bike terrain and install a zip-line.",2,null,117,false,"94_8_CAR_a8014538b9238e81a5f410a92e542cdc4a900d51","CAR_a8014538b9238e81a5f410a92e542cdc4a900d51","94_8_CAR_0fee9121055bf994f0d6dfe97ccdfc52b95904d9","CAR_0fee9121055bf994f0d6dfe97ccdfc52b95904d9","94_8_CAR_eb3dcbe0ada317d43d10d853887552dd8360fe89","CAR_eb3dcbe0ada317d43d10d853887552dd8360fe89",null,"What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","CAR_dbd35bff90f0d0da16515e34ba9a32de233008bb","94_8_CAR_dbd35bff90f0d0da16515e34ba9a32de233008bb","Mount Bachelor has outlined in its master plan that it intends to replace its Sunrise Express to a high-speed six-pack, along with replacing its Rainbow triple chairlift with a high-speed quad. In addition, the ski area plans to expand its downhill mountain bike terrain and install a zip-line.",2]
["What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","94_8","What can I do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sport besides snowboarding?","Mount Bachelor also has a cross country skiing area with 12 groomed trails covering 35 miles (56 km) and 850 feet (260 m) of vertical.",2,null,"What are some cool things to do on Mount Bachelor ski & sports that are not related to snowboarding?","Hey, I'm Kanya. YES!.. I have NO LEGS! :O but I do many sports. I do track, mono skiing, skateboarding, sled-hockey, surfing, swimming, basketball, tennis and water skiing. I love mono-skiing and being up at Hoodoo a lot, Timberline and really want to go to Mt. Bachelor! I love the snow and the hot summer sun, 'cause I love skateboarding, dry, warm weather is the best for skating.",0,null,"What are some more fun things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski and Sports?","Mount Bachelor has outlined in its master plan that it intends to replace its Sunrise Express to a high-speed six-pack, along with replacing its Rainbow triple chairlift with a high-speed quad. In addition, the ski area plans to expand its downhill mountain bike terrain and install a zip-line.",2,null,"What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","Mount Bachelor ski resort  is a ski resort located in central Oregon, approximately  west of Bend, along the Century Drive Highway. The ski runs are on the northern face of Mount Bachelor, a stratovolcano built atop a volcanic shield in the Cascade Range. Since 2001, the ski area has been owned by Powdr Corporation of Park City, Utah. It is the largest ski resort (by area) by more than  in Oregon, the second largest single-mountain ski resort in the U.S., behind Vail, and the sixth largest of all ski resorts in the nation.",2,null,117,false,"94_8_CAR_eb3dcbe0ada317d43d10d853887552dd8360fe89","CAR_eb3dcbe0ada317d43d10d853887552dd8360fe89","94_8_MARCO_4586347","MARCO_4586347","94_8_CAR_dbd35bff90f0d0da16515e34ba9a32de233008bb","CAR_dbd35bff90f0d0da16515e34ba9a32de233008bb",null,"What are other things to do at Mount Bachelor Ski & Sports","CAR_ab3263cc68495587f89390a81740b0e2c7ae85dd","94_8_CAR_ab3263cc68495587f89390a81740b0e2c7ae85dd","Mount Bachelor ski resort  is a ski resort located in central Oregon, approximately  west of Bend, along the Century Drive Highway. The ski runs are on the northern face of Mount Bachelor, a stratovolcano built atop a volcanic shield in the Cascade Range. Since 2001, the ski area has been owned by Powdr Corporation of Park City, Utah. It is the largest ski resort (by area) by more than  in Oregon, the second largest single-mountain ski resort in the U.S., behind Vail, and the sixth largest of all ski resorts in the nation.",2]
["How are waste and garbage processed?","95_1","Where does trash go?","The trash folder is located at .local/share/Trash in your home directory. Additionally, on other disk partitions or on removable media it will be a directory .Trash-uid where uid is the uid of the user who moved the item to the trash.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you describe the waste management process?","Waste management is collection, transportation, and disposal of garbage, sewage and other waste products. Waste management is the process of treating solid wastes and offers variety of solutions for recycling items that donâ€™t belong to trash. It is about how garbage can be used as a valuable resource. Waste management is something that each and every household and business owner in the world needs.",0,null,"How does waste get treated?","Dilute and disperse-when there was little waste, diluting and putting waste into the environment was enough to treat it. Concentrate and Contain-containing harmful materials were done but containment was not always successful and had problems. Waste out of place-there will be no waste because it would not be produced or its reused.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How are waste and garbage processed?","Waste management facilities may be responsible for processing garbage. Nuclear plants produce radioactive waste, which must be stored and disposed of. Municipal water treatment plants pipe in millions of gallons of wastewater a day, decontaminate it, and release it into the environment or recycle it. Trash collection is a part of waste management.",2,null,118,true,"95_1_MARCO_4887303","MARCO_4887303","95_1_MARCO_1491439","MARCO_1491439","95_1_MARCO_5280181","MARCO_5280181",null,"How are waste and garbage processed?","MARCO_6099266","95_1_MARCO_6099266","Waste management facilities may be responsible for processing garbage. Nuclear plants produce radioactive waste, which must be stored and disposed of. Municipal water treatment plants pipe in millions of gallons of wastewater a day, decontaminate it, and release it into the environment or recycle it. Trash collection is a part of waste management.",2]
["How are waste and garbage processed?","95_1","Where does trash go?","If there was only one giant landfill, haulers would only have to go to one place to drop off all of their trash. If you keep filling up this landfill for 100 years, and if you assume that during this time the populations of the United States doubles, then the landfill will cover about 160,000 acres, or 250 or so square miles, with trash 400 feet deep.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you describe the waste management process?","Waste management is that solution, a rather complex issue that encompasses more than 20 different industries. Waste management is collection, transportation, and disposal of garbage, sewage and other waste products. Waste management is the process of treating solid wastes and offers variety of solutions for recycling items that donâ€™t belong to trash. It is about how garbage can be used as a valuable resource. Waste management is something that each and every household and business owner in the world needs.",0,null,"How does waste get treated?","On Site Waste Treatment Plants. Composting toilets are toilet systems which treat human waste by composting and dehydration to produce a useable end-product that is a valuable soil additive.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How are waste and garbage processed?","Waste-to-Energy Plants. Garbage and waste from landfills can be used as an energy source. About half of the waste in our landfills contains organic biomass matter that can be converted to energy. This content is sometimes called biogenic matter.",0,null,118,true,"95_1_MARCO_8182811","MARCO_8182811","95_1_MARCO_7104903","MARCO_7104903","95_1_MARCO_6177829","MARCO_6177829",null,"How are waste and garbage processed?","MARCO_7607554","95_1_MARCO_7607554","Waste-to-Energy Plants. Garbage and waste from landfills can be used as an energy source. About half of the waste in our landfills contains organic biomass matter that can be converted to energy. This content is sometimes called biogenic matter.",0]
["How are waste and garbage processed?","95_1","Where does trash go?","The trash folder is found at: /home/$USER/.local/share/Trash. To see .local in your home folder using the file manager, go to View -> Show Hidden Files or just type: Ctrl+H. If you deleted something as root (e.g. deleted a file using Nautilus invoked via gksu), it is at: /root/.local/share/Trash. A Trash folder is first created when a user deletes a file.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you describe the waste management process?","Waste management is collection, transportation, and disposal of garbage, sewage and other waste products. Waste management is the process of treating solid wastes and offers variety of solutions for recycling items that donâ€™t belong to trash.",0,null,"How does waste get treated?","Waste management often has a soil component. Septic drain fields treat septic tank effluent using aerobic soil processes. Landfills use soil for daily cover. Land application of waste water relies on soil biology to aerobically treat BOD.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How are waste and garbage processed?","ECOHISPÁNICA has developed and built a MSW Treatment Plant based on a very special autoclaves system called \"Waste Cleaner\". It is the first system able to process Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in continuous mode. The Plant is able to process up to 40.000 tons per year without previous selection, and the system has been internationally patented by ECOHISPÁNICA. The process just applies water steam, pressure, temperature, and some internal movement... In about 20 minutes, the main part of the garbage (organic matter), is converted into a kind of biomass, very clean, that you can touch with your hands, storable, and valid for composting, for gassification, or power generation (the calorific power is about 3.500 kcal/kg). The rest of materials like plastic or metals, are very easy to select once garbage has been processed into the Waste Cleaner. The advantages of this technology are really impressive: It makes possible the goal of zero landfill, the volume of the garbage is reduced more than 80%, the operational costs are significantly reduced, no emissions,the employees work in very clean conditions, it increases a lot the efficiency in respect to other technologies,and is very fast (20 minutes are enough). The Plant of ECOHISPÁNICA is in the city of Rivas Vaciamadrid (Madrid), one of the most  prestigious cities in Spain in environment and new technologies. Visits from more than 80 countries have been received in the Plant in the last 2 years. ECOHISPÁNICA is releasing the Waste Cleaner to the world market, and installation of Plants in China, USA, Argentina, Chile, Israel, Brazil, Ghana and Spain is programmed for 2016 and 2017.",4,null,118,true,"95_1_MARCO_4887307","MARCO_4887307","95_1_MARCO_8033009","MARCO_8033009","95_1_CAR_a8b93c937159b0933d849e5899d3dd9b87bf97af","CAR_a8b93c937159b0933d849e5899d3dd9b87bf97af",null,"How are waste and garbage processed?","CAR_810c56cc102622313b5a0eb1c5c20586c0344ec6","95_1_CAR_810c56cc102622313b5a0eb1c5c20586c0344ec6","ECOHISPÁNICA has developed and built a MSW Treatment Plant based on a very special autoclaves system called \"Waste Cleaner\". It is the first system able to process Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in continuous mode. The Plant is able to process up to 40.000 tons per year without previous selection, and the system has been internationally patented by ECOHISPÁNICA. The process just applies water steam, pressure, temperature, and some internal movement... In about 20 minutes, the main part of the garbage (organic matter), is converted into a kind of biomass, very clean, that you can touch with your hands, storable, and valid for composting, for gassification, or power generation (the calorific power is about 3.500 kcal/kg). The rest of materials like plastic or metals, are very easy to select once garbage has been processed into the Waste Cleaner. The advantages of this technology are really impressive: It makes possible the goal of zero landfill, the volume of the garbage is reduced more than 80%, the operational costs are significantly reduced, no emissions,the employees work in very clean conditions, it increases a lot the efficiency in respect to other technologies,and is very fast (20 minutes are enough). The Plant of ECOHISPÁNICA is in the city of Rivas Vaciamadrid (Madrid), one of the most  prestigious cities in Spain in environment and new technologies. Visits from more than 80 countries have been received in the Plant in the last 2 years. ECOHISPÁNICA is releasing the Waste Cleaner to the world market, and installation of Plants in China, USA, Argentina, Chile, Israel, Brazil, Ghana and Spain is programmed for 2016 and 2017.",4]
["Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","95_2","What are the negative impacts of burning trash on the environment?","Practices such as â€œbackyard burningâ€\u009d (burning trash in the open) releases many harmful agents into the air such as dioxins, PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, HCB (hexachlorobenzene) and, of course, ash.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What is the environmental impact of burning waste?","Burning of waste is internationally unacceptable because it emits gases that contain toxins such as ammonia and hydrogen sulphate. The accumulation of waste in the site is creating an unbearable stench that is carried in the wind and affecting Bedouin communities living nearby. Also, there is a risk of Methane exploding since the site is poorly managed; there are many concerns that the severe environmental risks are endangering human lives in the region.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What are the environmental effects of burning waste?","Burning of waste is internationally unacceptable because it emits gases that contain toxins such as ammonia and hydrogen sulphate. The accumulation of waste in the site is creating an unbearable stench that is carried in the wind and affecting Bedouin communities living nearby. Also, there is a risk of Methane exploding since the site is poorly managed; there are many concerns that the severe environmental risks are endangering human lives in the region.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","Experience has now shown that there is no completely safe method of waste disposal. All forms of disposal have negative impacts on the environment, public health, and local economies. Landfills have contaminated drinking water. Garbage burned in incinerators has poisoned air, soil, and water. The majority of water treatment systems change the local ecology. Attempts to control or manage wastes after they are produced fail to eliminate environmental impacts.",3,null,119,false,"95_2_MARCO_8055900","MARCO_8055900","95_2_CAR_00b322c8de017329dc3fc78e1924c59d7681731e","CAR_00b322c8de017329dc3fc78e1924c59d7681731e","95_2_CAR_00b322c8de017329dc3fc78e1924c59d7681731e","CAR_00b322c8de017329dc3fc78e1924c59d7681731e",null,"Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","CAR_d11ae579fd253a8b683b49de548dba87bb014597","95_2_CAR_d11ae579fd253a8b683b49de548dba87bb014597","Experience has now shown that there is no completely safe method of waste disposal. All forms of disposal have negative impacts on the environment, public health, and local economies. Landfills have contaminated drinking water. Garbage burned in incinerators has poisoned air, soil, and water. The majority of water treatment systems change the local ecology. Attempts to control or manage wastes after they are produced fail to eliminate environmental impacts.",3]
["Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","95_2","What are the negative impacts of burning trash on the environment?","Experience has now shown that there is no completely safe method of waste disposal. All forms of disposal have negative impacts on the environment, public health, and local economies. Landfills have contaminated drinking water. Garbage burned in incinerators has poisoned air, soil, and water. The majority of water treatment systems change the local ecology. Attempts to control or manage wastes after they are produced fail to eliminate environmental impacts.",3,null,"What is the environmental impact of burning waste?","Burning waste materials in burn barrels. Pollutants from burn barrels vary depending on the type of waste materials burned but, typically, emissions include dioxins, ash, furans, halogenated hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, lead, barium, chromium, cadmium, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, arsenic or mercury. Burn barrels also often emit acid vapors and carcinogenic tars.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What are the environmental effects of burning waste?","Burning waste materials in burn barrels. Pollutants from burn barrels vary depending on the type of waste materials burned but, typically, emissions include dioxins, ash, furans, halogenated hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, lead, barium, chromium, cadmium, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, arsenic or mercury. Burn barrels also often emit acid vapors and carcinogenic tars.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","Burning household waste is a serious threat to public health and the environment. Toxic chemicals, including dioxins, are produced when household waste is burned. One household burn barrel emits more dioxin than a municipal waste incinerator serving thousands of homes.Burning of debris can cause another problem ...urning household waste is a serious threat to public health and the environment. Toxic chemicals, including dioxins, are produced when household waste is burned. One household burn barrel emits more dioxin than a municipal waste incinerator serving thousands of homes. Burning of debris can cause another problem ...",4,null,119,false,"95_2_CAR_d11ae579fd253a8b683b49de548dba87bb014597","CAR_d11ae579fd253a8b683b49de548dba87bb014597","95_2_MARCO_4895359","MARCO_4895359","95_2_MARCO_4895359","MARCO_4895359",null,"Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","MARCO_6015326","95_2_MARCO_6015326","Burning household waste is a serious threat to public health and the environment. Toxic chemicals, including dioxins, are produced when household waste is burned. One household burn barrel emits more dioxin than a municipal waste incinerator serving thousands of homes.Burning of debris can cause another problem ...urning household waste is a serious threat to public health and the environment. Toxic chemicals, including dioxins, are produced when household waste is burned. One household burn barrel emits more dioxin than a municipal waste incinerator serving thousands of homes. Burning of debris can cause another problem ...",4]
["Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","95_2","What are the negative impacts of burning trash on the environment?","Before scientists learned about the dangers of burning trash, it was commonly burned at homes and landfills. Because of the smoke, air pollution, and odor complaints of backyard burning, many local governments prohibit residential trash burning. Wisconsin state law also restricts certain types of open burning.Backyard trash burning is especially harmful because it releases chemicals that are persistent in the environment, polluting our air, food, lakes and streams.efore scientists learned about the dangers of burning trash, it was commonly burned at homes and landfills. Because of the smoke, air pollution, and odor complaints of backyard burning, many local governments prohibit residential trash burning. Wisconsin state law also restricts certain types of open burning.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What is the environmental impact of burning waste?","Perhaps the greatest environmental benefit of. burning biomass for energy is its positive impact. in moderating climate change. A large percentage of the. biomass that is burned to. generate energy is waste from. the forest products industry, such as sawmill waste.",3,null,"What are the environmental effects of burning waste?","Using waste as fuel can offer important environmental benefits.  It can provide a safe and cost-effective option for wastes that would normally have to be dealt with through disposal. It can help reduce carbon dioxide emissions by diverting energy use from fossil fuels, while also generating energy and using waste as fuel can reduce the methane emissions generated in landfills by averting waste from landfills.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","Garbage causes damage to local ecosystems, and it is a threat to plant and animal life. Garbage is also a source of food for many animals. A significant amount of garbage is dumped into the oceans. Most garbage ends up in landfills. These landfills are designed to stop the leaking of material into the rest of the environment to avoid contaminating water supplies. While they are being filled, landfills serve as a popular dining location for birds and other animals, but some of what they eat can cause diseases.",0,null,119,false,"95_2_MARCO_6015329","MARCO_6015329","95_2_MARCO_5047984","MARCO_5047984","95_2_CAR_76ca64af1b723b77b92104248c093c24a71cbbbf","CAR_76ca64af1b723b77b92104248c093c24a71cbbbf",null,"Interesting. What is the impact of burning waste and garbage on the environment?","MARCO_1224735","95_2_MARCO_1224735","Garbage causes damage to local ecosystems, and it is a threat to plant and animal life. Garbage is also a source of food for many animals. A significant amount of garbage is dumped into the oceans. Most garbage ends up in landfills. These landfills are designed to stop the leaking of material into the rest of the environment to avoid contaminating water supplies. While they are being filled, landfills serve as a popular dining location for birds and other animals, but some of what they eat can cause diseases.",0]
["Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","95_3","What is the reason behind the effect of waste compaction on the biodegradation of organic waste?","Waste compaction is the process of compacting waste, reducing it in size. Garbage compactors and waste collection vehicles compress waste so that more of it can be stored in the same space. Waste is compacted again, more thoroughly, at the landfill to conserve valuable airspace and to extend the landfill's life span. A side effect of this is that important items, like evidence in a crime, may be difficult to recover from the garbage. Due to reduced oxygenation, biodegradation of organic waste is also slowed.",4,null,"How does compacting waste affect organic waste decomposition?","Waste compaction is the process of compacting waste, reducing it in size. Garbage compactors and waste collection vehicles compress waste so that more of it can be stored in the same space. Waste is compacted again, more thoroughly, at the landfill to conserve valuable airspace and to extend the landfill's life span. A side effect of this is that important items, like evidence in a crime, may be difficult to recover from the garbage. Due to reduced oxygenation, biodegradation of organic waste is also slowed.",4,null,"Why is waste compaction bad for the biodegradation of organic waste?","Waste compaction is the process of compacting waste, reducing it in size. Garbage compactors and waste collection vehicles compress waste so that more of it can be stored in the same space. Waste is compacted again, more thoroughly, at the landfill to conserve valuable airspace and to extend the landfill's life span. A side effect of this is that important items, like evidence in a crime, may be difficult to recover from the garbage. Due to reduced oxygenation, biodegradation of organic waste is also slowed.",4,null,"Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","Waste compaction is the process of compacting waste, reducing it in size. Garbage compactors and waste collection vehicles compress waste so that more of it can be stored in the same space. Waste is compacted again, more thoroughly, at the landfill to conserve valuable airspace and to extend the landfill's life span. A side effect of this is that important items, like evidence in a crime, may be difficult to recover from the garbage. Due to reduced oxygenation, biodegradation of organic waste is also slowed.",4,null,120,true,"95_3_CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8","CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8","95_3_CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8","CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8","95_3_CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8","CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8",null,"Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8","95_3_CAR_ceaa49bdec39db2a76a6a8528e70a6830433f8d8","Waste compaction is the process of compacting waste, reducing it in size. Garbage compactors and waste collection vehicles compress waste so that more of it can be stored in the same space. Waste is compacted again, more thoroughly, at the landfill to conserve valuable airspace and to extend the landfill's life span. A side effect of this is that important items, like evidence in a crime, may be difficult to recover from the garbage. Due to reduced oxygenation, biodegradation of organic waste is also slowed.",4]
["Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","95_3","What is the reason behind the effect of waste compaction on the biodegradation of organic waste?","European waste legislation focuses upon the diversion of biodegradable waste from landfill, due to its potential to add to the effects of climate change.",1,null,"How does compacting waste affect organic waste decomposition?","The more organic waste present in a landfill, the more landfill gas is produced by bacterial decomposition. Some types of organic waste contain nutrients, such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, that help bacteria thrive. When these nutrients are present, landfill gas production increases.",0,null,"Why is waste compaction bad for the biodegradation of organic waste?","Biodegradable waste includes any organic matter in  waste which can be broken down into carbon dioxide, water, methane or simple organic molecules by micro-organisms and other living things using composting, aerobic digestion, anaerobic digestion or similar processes. In waste management, it also includes some inorganic materials which can be decomposed by bacteria. Such materials include gypsum and its products such as plasterboard and other simple organic sulfates which can be decomposed to yield hydrogen sulfide in anaerobic land-fill conditions.",0,null,"Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","A landfill compaction vehicle has two main functions: to spread the waste evenly in layers over the landfill, and to compact waste to reduce its volume and help stabilize the landfill. Proper waste compacting includes the process of using a steel wheeled/drum landfill compactor to shred, tear and press together various items in the waste stream so they consume a minimal volume of landfill airspace. The higher the compaction rate, the more trash the landfill can receive and store. This will also reduce landslides, cave-ins and minimize the risk of explosions of landfill gas (see landfill gas migration).",4,null,120,true,"95_3_CAR_1f7d66a7f668856fe3c1d385ed6ab86e4afed79d","CAR_1f7d66a7f668856fe3c1d385ed6ab86e4afed79d","95_3_MARCO_4507121","MARCO_4507121","95_3_CAR_24b0b5064a04c1fa98c8f3c6fa3f507a7a15128b","CAR_24b0b5064a04c1fa98c8f3c6fa3f507a7a15128b",null,"Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","CAR_801459d2dba4fdfa7be76c211210166faa721f9e","95_3_CAR_801459d2dba4fdfa7be76c211210166faa721f9e","A landfill compaction vehicle has two main functions: to spread the waste evenly in layers over the landfill, and to compact waste to reduce its volume and help stabilize the landfill. Proper waste compacting includes the process of using a steel wheeled/drum landfill compactor to shred, tear and press together various items in the waste stream so they consume a minimal volume of landfill airspace. The higher the compaction rate, the more trash the landfill can receive and store. This will also reduce landslides, cave-ins and minimize the risk of explosions of landfill gas (see landfill gas migration).",4]
["Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","95_3","What is the reason behind the effect of waste compaction on the biodegradation of organic waste?","Pre-landfill waste compaction is often beneficial, both for people disposing of waste and the company collecting it. This is because waste collection companies frequently charge by volume or require use of standard-volume containers, and compaction allows more waste to fit in the same space. Trash compactors are available for both residential and commercial use. Compacting garbage after it is collected allows more waste to fit inside the collection vehicle, meaning fewer trips to a dump or transfer station are required. The collection company also incurs lower landfill fees, if the landfill charges by volume 1.",1,null,"How does compacting waste affect organic waste decomposition?","Waste Composition. The more organic waste present in a landfill, the more landfill gas is produced by bacterial decomposition. Some types of organic waste contain nutrients, such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, that help bacteria thrive.",0,null,"Why is waste compaction bad for the biodegradation of organic waste?","Pre-landfill waste compaction is often beneficial, both for people disposing of waste and the company collecting it. This is because waste collection companies frequently charge by volume or require use of standard-volume containers, and compaction allows more waste to fit in the same space. Trash compactors are available for both residential and commercial use. Compacting garbage after it is collected allows more waste to fit inside the collection vehicle, meaning fewer trips to a dump or transfer station are required. The collection company also incurs lower landfill fees, if the landfill charges by volume 1.",1,null,"Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","Pre-landfill waste compaction is often beneficial, both for people disposing of waste and the company collecting it. This is because waste collection companies frequently charge by volume or require use of standard-volume containers, and compaction allows more waste to fit in the same space. Trash compactors are available for both residential and commercial use. Compacting garbage after it is collected allows more waste to fit inside the collection vehicle, meaning fewer trips to a dump or transfer station are required. The collection company also incurs lower landfill fees, if the landfill charges by volume 1.",1,null,120,true,"95_3_CAR_65c3a0a69d1d4b9735d0294ff5ec87f8d1be4e17","CAR_65c3a0a69d1d4b9735d0294ff5ec87f8d1be4e17","95_3_MARCO_4507123","MARCO_4507123","95_3_CAR_65c3a0a69d1d4b9735d0294ff5ec87f8d1be4e17","CAR_65c3a0a69d1d4b9735d0294ff5ec87f8d1be4e17",null,"Why does waste compaction slow the biodegradation of organic waste?","CAR_65c3a0a69d1d4b9735d0294ff5ec87f8d1be4e17","95_3_CAR_65c3a0a69d1d4b9735d0294ff5ec87f8d1be4e17","Pre-landfill waste compaction is often beneficial, both for people disposing of waste and the company collecting it. This is because waste collection companies frequently charge by volume or require use of standard-volume containers, and compaction allows more waste to fit in the same space. Trash compactors are available for both residential and commercial use. Compacting garbage after it is collected allows more waste to fit inside the collection vehicle, meaning fewer trips to a dump or transfer station are required. The collection company also incurs lower landfill fees, if the landfill charges by volume 1.",1]
["How is sewage recycled?","95_4","What is sewage recycling?","What is recycled water? Recycled water is wastewater that has been purified so it can be used again for new purposes. We treat wastewater from our sewage treatment plants to produce high quality recycled water that is suitable for a range of non-drinking purposes.",1,null,"How can we recycle sewage?","Most greywater is easier to treat and recycle than blackwater (sewage), because of lower levels of contaminants. If collected using a separate plumbing system from blackwater, domestic greywater can be recycled directly within the home, garden or company and used either immediately or processed and stored. If stored, it must be used within a very short time or it will begin to putrefy due to the organic solids in the water. Recycled greywater of this kind is never safe to drink, but a number of treatment steps can be used to provide water for washing or flushing toilets.",1,null,"How does sewage waste get recycled?","In virtually all engineered onsite sewage facilities, recycling and decomposition by natural organisms is still the primary mechanism of sewage disposal. Giving the organisms the time they need to decompose wastes is accomplished by establishing minimum sewage retention and settling times, and minimum liquid flow distances between sewage disposal sites and surface water or water wells.",0,null,"How is sewage recycled?","As of 2010, Israel leads the world in the proportion of water it recycles. Israel treats 80% of its sewage (400 billion liters a year), and 100% of the sewage from the Tel Aviv metropolitan area is treated and reused as irrigation water for agriculture and public works. The remaining sludge is currently pumped into the Mediterranean, however a new bill has passed stating a conversion to treating the sludge to be used as manure.Only 20% of the treated water is lost (due to evaporation, leaks, overflows and seeping). The recycled water allows farmers to plan ahead and not be limited by water shortages.There are many levels of treatment, and many different ways of treating the water—which leads to a big difference in the quality of the end product. The best quality of reclaimed sewage water comes from adding a gravitational filtering step, after the chemical and biological cleansing. This method uses small ponds in which the water seeps through the sand into the aquifer in about 400 days, then is pumped out as clear purified water. This is nearly the same process used in the space station water recycling system, which turns urine and feces into purified drinking water, oxygen and manure.",3,null,121,false,"95_4_MARCO_707049","MARCO_707049","95_4_CAR_0ae050d85dab31121c79b6d43e1b3943d7c5f88c","CAR_0ae050d85dab31121c79b6d43e1b3943d7c5f88c","95_4_CAR_67428349f2244bd5fa84e04677ac730463fd1a45","CAR_67428349f2244bd5fa84e04677ac730463fd1a45",null,"How is sewage recycled?","CAR_355e86f3c81a0bb0838d77ffba07de6bd02a7155","95_4_CAR_355e86f3c81a0bb0838d77ffba07de6bd02a7155","As of 2010, Israel leads the world in the proportion of water it recycles. Israel treats 80% of its sewage (400 billion liters a year), and 100% of the sewage from the Tel Aviv metropolitan area is treated and reused as irrigation water for agriculture and public works. The remaining sludge is currently pumped into the Mediterranean, however a new bill has passed stating a conversion to treating the sludge to be used as manure.Only 20% of the treated water is lost (due to evaporation, leaks, overflows and seeping). The recycled water allows farmers to plan ahead and not be limited by water shortages.There are many levels of treatment, and many different ways of treating the water—which leads to a big difference in the quality of the end product. The best quality of reclaimed sewage water comes from adding a gravitational filtering step, after the chemical and biological cleansing. This method uses small ponds in which the water seeps through the sand into the aquifer in about 400 days, then is pumped out as clear purified water. This is nearly the same process used in the space station water recycling system, which turns urine and feces into purified drinking water, oxygen and manure.",3]
["How is sewage recycled?","95_4","What is sewage recycling?","Water recycling is the process of taking effluent (wastewater and sewage) and treating it so that it can be reused. For potable (drinkable) use, the recycled water has to be treated to a sufficiently high level that it's suitable for human consumption.",1,null,"How can we recycle sewage?","As of 2010, Israel leads the world in the proportion of water it recycles. Israel treats 80% of its sewage (400 billion liters a year), and 100% of the sewage from the Tel Aviv metropolitan area is treated and reused as irrigation water for agriculture and public works. The remaining sludge is currently pumped into the Mediterranean, however a new bill has passed stating a conversion to treating the sludge to be used as manure.Only 20% of the treated water is lost (due to evaporation, leaks, overflows and seeping). The recycled water allows farmers to plan ahead and not be limited by water shortages.There are many levels of treatment, and many different ways of treating the water—which leads to a big difference in the quality of the end product. The best quality of reclaimed sewage water comes from adding a gravitational filtering step, after the chemical and biological cleansing. This method uses small ponds in which the water seeps through the sand into the aquifer in about 400 days, then is pumped out as clear purified water. This is nearly the same process used in the space station water recycling system, which turns urine and feces into purified drinking water, oxygen and manure.",3,null,"How does sewage waste get recycled?","GENeco is part of the Wessex Water group of companies and operate sewage treatment works. It recycles waste, produces renewable energy and provides the agricultural industry with fertiliser.In summer 2010, GENeco launched the Bio-Bug, a modified VW Beetle that runs on bio-gas generated from waste treated at sewage treatment works. Waste flushed down the toilets of just 70 homes in Bristol is enough to power the Bio-Bug for a year, based on an annual mileage of 10,000 miles.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How is sewage recycled?","Reclaimed water or recycled water, is former wastewater (sewage) that is treated to remove solids and impurities, and used in sustainable landscaping irrigation, to recharge groundwater aquifers, to meet commercial and industrial water needs, and for drinking. The purpose of these processes is  water conservation and sustainability, rather than discharging the treated water to surface waters such as rivers and oceans. In some cases, recycled water can be used for streamflow augmentation to benefit ecosystems and improve aesthetics.  One example of this is along Calera Creek in the City of Pacifica, CA.",3,null,121,false,"95_4_MARCO_869538","MARCO_869538","95_4_CAR_355e86f3c81a0bb0838d77ffba07de6bd02a7155","CAR_355e86f3c81a0bb0838d77ffba07de6bd02a7155","95_4_CAR_537521be8aae42b9d15b6a1ae7bbc6a846643755","CAR_537521be8aae42b9d15b6a1ae7bbc6a846643755",null,"How is sewage recycled?","CAR_4ab98bd80c9a5a99654ab4d29a987c2758c0d441","95_4_CAR_4ab98bd80c9a5a99654ab4d29a987c2758c0d441","Reclaimed water or recycled water, is former wastewater (sewage) that is treated to remove solids and impurities, and used in sustainable landscaping irrigation, to recharge groundwater aquifers, to meet commercial and industrial water needs, and for drinking. The purpose of these processes is  water conservation and sustainability, rather than discharging the treated water to surface waters such as rivers and oceans. In some cases, recycled water can be used for streamflow augmentation to benefit ecosystems and improve aesthetics.  One example of this is along Calera Creek in the City of Pacifica, CA.",3]
["How is sewage recycled?","95_4","What is sewage recycling?","In virtually all engineered onsite sewage facilities, recycling and decomposition by natural organisms is still the primary mechanism of sewage disposal. Giving the organisms the time they need to decompose wastes is accomplished by establishing minimum sewage retention and settling times, and minimum liquid flow distances between sewage disposal sites and surface water or water wells.",0,null,"How can we recycle sewage?","Householders and sewage treatment plants can both make the water supply networks more efficient and sustainable. Major improvements in eco-efficiency are gained through systematic separation of rainfall and wastewater. Membrane technology can be used for recycling wastewater.",1,null,"How does sewage waste get recycled?","The sludge produced in wastewater treatment plants may provide a potential nutrient source for algae in the production of biodiesel while simultaneously creating an eco-friendly recycling process for the byproducts of sewage plants. Over a 6-day period, Auxenochlorella was able to remove 59% of the total nitrogen, 81% of the total phosphorus, and 96% of the total organic carbon from the waste while maintaining a high lipid productivity rate.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"How is sewage recycled?","In light of the region's worst drought in a hundred years, which saw the city's dam storages fall below 25% capacity, in 2006 Mayor Di Thorley championed a plan (Toowoomba Water Futures) to build a recycled sewage plant that would process the city's sewage and use the resulting water for re-use.Because of health and public concerns, the recovered sewage water was to be pumped into one of the city's dams that provide drinking water, where it would be allowed to mix with rainwater collected by the dam, before being redrawn and retreated for distribution to homes. The project was controversial as the first of its kind to be proposed in Australia.  The only other similar plant in existence is in Singapore which recycles 1% sewage water.  The Water Futures project proposed recycling 25-29% for potable use.",3,null,121,false,"95_4_CAR_67428349f2244bd5fa84e04677ac730463fd1a45","CAR_67428349f2244bd5fa84e04677ac730463fd1a45","95_4_CAR_0883d44f790c40fad371afa1dd942dbf73dbd129","CAR_0883d44f790c40fad371afa1dd942dbf73dbd129","95_4_CAR_b77e050835fd263829745c40770bdd48360e0226","CAR_b77e050835fd263829745c40770bdd48360e0226",null,"How is sewage recycled?","CAR_020b4fe74cb352150094d12962bc32213ab6c62c","95_4_CAR_020b4fe74cb352150094d12962bc32213ab6c62c","In light of the region's worst drought in a hundred years, which saw the city's dam storages fall below 25% capacity, in 2006 Mayor Di Thorley championed a plan (Toowoomba Water Futures) to build a recycled sewage plant that would process the city's sewage and use the resulting water for re-use.Because of health and public concerns, the recovered sewage water was to be pumped into one of the city's dams that provide drinking water, where it would be allowed to mix with rainwater collected by the dam, before being redrawn and retreated for distribution to homes. The project was controversial as the first of its kind to be proposed in Australia.  The only other similar plant in existence is in Singapore which recycles 1% sewage water.  The Water Futures project proposed recycling 25-29% for potable use.",3]
["What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","95_5","When is composting waste better than recycling? How are they different?","Burning domestic refuse to generate power can be promoted as a recycling, and therefore sustainable, policy. But from a carbon cycle re-balancing standpoint it is better to compost as much domestic refuse as possible.",3,null,"What are the advantages and disadvantages of recycling, and how does it compare to composting waste?","Advantages and Disadvantages of Recycling. Many of us feel overwhelmed by the tern â€˜recyclingâ€™. Recycling is nothing but process of using old or waste products into new products. It makes us feel proud of taking an important step towards reducing pollution and recycling is a fun activity especially when done in groups.. Reduces Pollution: Industrial waste today is the main source of all types of pollution. Recycling of industrial products such as cans, chemical, plastics helps to cut down pollution levels considerably, as these materials are re-used, instead of throwing them away irresponsibly.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Can you tell the difference between recycling and composting waste?","Composting is nature's way of recycling. Composting biodegrades organic waste. i.e. food waste, manure, leaves, grass trimmings, paper, wood, feathers, crop residue etc., and turns it into a valuable organic fertilizer. Composting is a natural biological process, carried out under controlled aerobic conditions (requires oxygen).",1,null,"What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","Composting is nature's way of recycling. Composting biodegrades organic waste. i.e. food waste, manure, leaves, grass trimmings, paper, wood, feathers, crop residue etc., and turns it into a valuable organic fertilizer. Composting is a natural biological process, carried out under controlled aerobic conditions (requires oxygen).",1,null,122,true,"95_5_CAR_3885fda413b0e34b6171e5fc12980df47cdaf825","CAR_3885fda413b0e34b6171e5fc12980df47cdaf825","95_5_MARCO_4959988","MARCO_4959988","95_5_MARCO_1118648","MARCO_1118648",null,"What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","MARCO_1118648","95_5_MARCO_1118648","Composting is nature's way of recycling. Composting biodegrades organic waste. i.e. food waste, manure, leaves, grass trimmings, paper, wood, feathers, crop residue etc., and turns it into a valuable organic fertilizer. Composting is a natural biological process, carried out under controlled aerobic conditions (requires oxygen).",1]
["What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","95_5","When is composting waste better than recycling? How are they different?","The composting or other reuse of biodegradable wasteâ€”such as food or garden wasteâ€”is also considered recycling. Materials to be recycled are either brought to a collection centre or picked up from the curbside, then sorted, cleaned, and reprocessed into new materials destined for manufacturing.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What are the advantages and disadvantages of recycling, and how does it compare to composting waste?","Advantages and Disadvantages of Recycling Many of us feel overwhelmed by the tern â€˜recyclingâ€™. Recycling is a form of waste management that involves converting waste and other used materials into reusable products. Recycling helps to reduce energy usage, reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials, reduce air pollution and water pollution.",1,null,"Can you tell the difference between recycling and composting waste?","Composting is a process where waste degrades into compost, which can then be used in your garden to help it grow. It is an excellent way to recycle garden and kitchen waste such as plant trimmings and leftover food. Grass cycling. Grass cycling is an excellent way of recycling grass cuttings after mowing the lawn.",1,null,"What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","Second, we are told that recycling will help protect the environment because the alternatives-landfilling our garbage or burning it in waste-to-energy facilities-represent severe environmental threats.",1,null,122,true,"95_5_MARCO_7652677","MARCO_7652677","95_5_MARCO_5897154","MARCO_5897154","95_5_MARCO_5145028","MARCO_5145028",null,"What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","MARCO_185072","95_5_MARCO_185072","Second, we are told that recycling will help protect the environment because the alternatives-landfilling our garbage or burning it in waste-to-energy facilities-represent severe environmental threats.",1]
["What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","95_5","When is composting waste better than recycling? How are they different?","Composting is nature's way of recycling. Composting biodegrades organic waste. i.e. food waste, manure, leaves, grass trimmings, paper, wood, feathers, crop residue etc., and turns it into a valuable organic fertilizer. Composting is a natural biological process, carried out under controlled aerobic conditions (requires oxygen).",1,null,"What are the advantages and disadvantages of recycling, and how does it compare to composting waste?","Composting is nature's way of recycling. Composting biodegrades organic waste. i.e. food waste, manure, leaves, grass trimmings, paper, wood, feathers, crop residue etc., and turns it into a valuable organic fertilizer. Composting is a natural biological process, carried out under controlled aerobic conditions (requires oxygen).",1,null,"Can you tell the difference between recycling and composting waste?","The composting or other reuse of biodegradable waste â€”such as food or garden waste â€”is also considered recycling. Materials to be recycled are either brought to a collection center or picked up from the curbside, then sorted, cleaned and reprocessed into new materials destined for manufacturing.",3,null,"What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","Composting is a low-cost, effective and natural way of recycling organic materials, and it is included in sustainable agriculture and recommended for organic agriculture (Peigne, Girardin 2004).",1,null,122,true,"95_5_MARCO_1118648","MARCO_1118648","95_5_MARCO_1118648","MARCO_1118648","95_5_MARCO_5169485","MARCO_5169485",null,"What are the pros and cons of recycling vs composting garbage?","MARCO_986288","95_5_MARCO_986288","Composting is a low-cost, effective and natural way of recycling organic materials, and it is included in sustainable agriculture and recommended for organic agriculture (Peigne, Girardin 2004).",1]
["Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","95_6","What is biodegradable plastic? What are the benefits?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",4,null,"What do you know about biodegradable plastics?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",4,null,"How can I learn more about biodegradable plastics?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",4,null,"Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",4,null,123,false,"95_6_MARCO_952696","MARCO_952696","95_6_MARCO_952696","MARCO_952696","95_6_MARCO_952696","MARCO_952696",null,"Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","MARCO_952696","95_6_MARCO_952696","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",4]
["Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","95_6","What is biodegradable plastic? What are the benefits?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.ith biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",4,null,"What do you know about biodegradable plastics?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.ith biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",4,null,"How can I learn more about biodegradable plastics?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.ith biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",4,null,"Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.ith biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",4,null,123,false,"95_6_MARCO_6170128","MARCO_6170128","95_6_MARCO_6170128","MARCO_6170128","95_6_MARCO_6170128","MARCO_6170128",null,"Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","MARCO_6170128","95_6_MARCO_6170128","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.ith biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",4]
["Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","95_6","What is biodegradable plastic? What are the benefits?","Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.",2,null,"What do you know about biodegradable plastics?","Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.",2,null,"How can I learn more about biodegradable plastics?","For more information: 1  Biodegradable Plastics: Are They Better for the Environment: Find out if biodegradable plastics are better for the environment than traditional plastic. 2  Biodegradable Polymers and Plastics in Japan: Learn how Japan uses their biodegradable materials, and if it is working for their country.",1,null,"Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","Biodegradable plastics are plastics that decompose by the action of living organisms, usually bacteria.nder proper conditions, some biodegradable plastics can degrade to the point where microorganisms can completely metabolise them to carbon dioxide (and water). For example, starch-based bioplastics produced from sustainable farming methods could be almost carbon neutral.",2,null,123,false,"95_6_MARCO_8217314","MARCO_8217314","95_6_MARCO_8217314","MARCO_8217314","95_6_MARCO_8217307","MARCO_8217307",null,"Tell me more about biodegradable plastics.","MARCO_6170131","95_6_MARCO_6170131","Biodegradable plastics are plastics that decompose by the action of living organisms, usually bacteria.nder proper conditions, some biodegradable plastics can degrade to the point where microorganisms can completely metabolise them to carbon dioxide (and water). For example, starch-based bioplastics produced from sustainable farming methods could be almost carbon neutral.",2]
["How are biodegradable plastics made?","95_7","How are biodegradable plastics manufactured?","The useful life of a product made using oxo-biodegradable plastic can be programmed at manufacture, typically 6 months for a bread wrapper and 18 months for a lighweight, plastic carrier bag to allow for re-use. Oxo-biodegradable plastic can be manufactured with the existing machinery and workforce in factories at little or no extra cost.  They have the same strength and other characteristics as ordinary plastics during their intended lifetime.",1,null,"What materials are biodegradable plastics made of?","Biodegradable plastics are made from all-natural plant materials. These can include corn oil, orange peels, starch, and plants. Traditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down.",3,null,"What is the process of making biodegradable plastic?","With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",2,null,"How are biodegradable plastics made?","Biodegradable plastics are made from all-natural plant materials. These can include corn oil, orange peels, starch, and plants. Traditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down.",3,null,124,true,"95_7_CAR_cc2951f82d5df8787ab631fdb56c125f1d30cb22","CAR_cc2951f82d5df8787ab631fdb56c125f1d30cb22","95_7_MARCO_8217309","MARCO_8217309","95_7_MARCO_8217313","MARCO_8217313",null,"How are biodegradable plastics made?","MARCO_8217309","95_7_MARCO_8217309","Biodegradable plastics are made from all-natural plant materials. These can include corn oil, orange peels, starch, and plants. Traditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down.",3]
["How are biodegradable plastics made?","95_7","How are biodegradable plastics manufactured?","Biodegradable plastics are made from all-natural plant materials. These can include corn oil, orange peels, starch, and plants. Traditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down.",3,null,"What materials are biodegradable plastics made of?","Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid. The solid forms normally are used for items such as food containers, leaf collection bags, and water bottles.",3,null,"What is the process of making biodegradable plastic?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.ith biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",3,null,"How are biodegradable plastics made?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",3,null,124,true,"95_7_MARCO_8217309","MARCO_8217309","95_7_MARCO_8217312","MARCO_8217312","95_7_MARCO_6170128","MARCO_6170128",null,"How are biodegradable plastics made?","MARCO_952696","95_7_MARCO_952696","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",3]
["How are biodegradable plastics made?","95_7","How are biodegradable plastics manufactured?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",3,null,"What materials are biodegradable plastics made of?","Two basic classes of biodegradable plastics exist: Bioplastics, whose components are derived from renewable raw materials, and plastics made from petrochemicals containing biodegradable additives which enhance biodegradation.",3,null,"What is the process of making biodegradable plastic?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid.raditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down. With biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment.",3,null,"How are biodegradable plastics made?","Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid. The solid forms normally are used for items such as food containers, leaf collection bags, and water bottles.",3,null,124,true,"95_7_MARCO_952696","MARCO_952696","95_7_CAR_641ec0834bb860a7ec1e8d647bce91a4bd9377c6","CAR_641ec0834bb860a7ec1e8d647bce91a4bd9377c6","95_7_MARCO_952696","MARCO_952696",null,"How are biodegradable plastics made?","MARCO_8217312","95_7_MARCO_8217312","Biodegradable plastics can be composed of bio-plastics, which are plastics made from renewable raw materials. There are normally two forms of biodegradable plastic, injection molded and solid. The solid forms normally are used for items such as food containers, leaf collection bags, and water bottles.",3]
["How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","95_8","How does corn oil work in biodegradable plastics production?","On October 21, 2010, a group of scientists reported that corn-based plastic ranked higher in environmental defects than the main products it replaces, such as HDPE, LDPE and PP. In the study, the production of corn-based plastics created more acidification, carcinogens, ecotoxicity, eutrophication, ozone depletion, respiratory effects and smog than the synthetic-based plastics they replaced. However the study also concluded that biopolymers trumped the other plastics for biodegradability, low toxicity, and use of renewable resources.",1,null,"How do you make biodegradable plastics using corn oil?","Bioplastics are plastics derived from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, or microbiota. Bioplastic can be made from agricultural by-products and also from used plastic bottles and other containers using microorganisms. Common plastics, such as fossil-fuel plastics (also called petrobased polymers), are derived from petroleum or natural gas. Production of such plastics tends to require more fossil fuels and to produce more greenhouse gases than the production of biobased polymers (bioplastics). Some, but not all, bioplastics are designed to biodegrade. Biodegradable bioplastics can break down in either anaerobic or aerobic environments, depending on how they are manufactured. Bioplastics can be composed of starches, cellulose, biopolymers, and a variety of other materials.",2,null,"What is the process of using corn oil to make biodegradable products like plastics?","On October 21, 2010, a group of scientists reported that corn-based plastic ranked higher in environmental defects than the main products it replaces, such as HDPE, LDPE and PP. In the study, the production of corn-based plastics created more acidification, carcinogens, ecotoxicity, eutrophication, ozone depletion, respiratory effects and smog than the synthetic-based plastics they replaced. However the study also concluded that biopolymers trumped the other plastics for biodegradability, low toxicity, and use of renewable resources.",1,null,"How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","Recently, corn has been used to make biodegradable containers.  Corn can be used to create non-petroleum plastic, which is often compostable.",2,null,125,false,"95_8_CAR_786556e1d9e0928d8826ba262845b7d3c0f032e9","CAR_786556e1d9e0928d8826ba262845b7d3c0f032e9","95_8_CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c","CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c","95_8_CAR_786556e1d9e0928d8826ba262845b7d3c0f032e9","CAR_786556e1d9e0928d8826ba262845b7d3c0f032e9",null,"How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","CAR_06727f1c6f80194260230169743650d2140cd477","95_8_CAR_06727f1c6f80194260230169743650d2140cd477","Recently, corn has been used to make biodegradable containers.  Corn can be used to create non-petroleum plastic, which is often compostable.",2]
["How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","95_8","How does corn oil work in biodegradable plastics production?","Recently, corn has been used to make biodegradable containers.  Corn can be used to create non-petroleum plastic, which is often compostable.",2,null,"How do you make biodegradable plastics using corn oil?","Biodegradable plastics are made from all-natural plant materials. These can include corn oil, orange peels, starch, and plants. Traditional plastic is made with chemical fillers that can be harmful to the environment when released when the plastic is melted down.",1,null,"What is the process of using corn oil to make biodegradable products like plastics?","Bioplastics are plastics derived from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, or microbiota. Bioplastic can be made from agricultural by-products and also from used plastic bottles and other containers using microorganisms. Common plastics, such as fossil-fuel plastics (also called petrobased polymers), are derived from petroleum or natural gas. Production of such plastics tends to require more fossil fuels and to produce more greenhouse gases than the production of biobased polymers (bioplastics). Some, but not all, bioplastics are designed to biodegrade. Biodegradable bioplastics can break down in either anaerobic or aerobic environments, depending on how they are manufactured. Bioplastics can be composed of starches, cellulose, biopolymers, and a variety of other materials.",2,null,"How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","On October 21, 2010, a group of scientists reported that corn-based plastic ranked higher in environmental defects than the main products it replaces, such as HDPE, LDPE and PP. In the study, the production of corn-based plastics created more acidification, carcinogens, ecotoxicity, eutrophication, ozone depletion, respiratory effects and smog than the synthetic-based plastics they replaced. However the study also concluded that biopolymers trumped the other plastics for biodegradability, low toxicity, and use of renewable resources.",1,null,125,false,"95_8_CAR_06727f1c6f80194260230169743650d2140cd477","CAR_06727f1c6f80194260230169743650d2140cd477","95_8_MARCO_8217309","MARCO_8217309","95_8_CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c","CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c",null,"How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","CAR_786556e1d9e0928d8826ba262845b7d3c0f032e9","95_8_CAR_786556e1d9e0928d8826ba262845b7d3c0f032e9","On October 21, 2010, a group of scientists reported that corn-based plastic ranked higher in environmental defects than the main products it replaces, such as HDPE, LDPE and PP. In the study, the production of corn-based plastics created more acidification, carcinogens, ecotoxicity, eutrophication, ozone depletion, respiratory effects and smog than the synthetic-based plastics they replaced. However the study also concluded that biopolymers trumped the other plastics for biodegradability, low toxicity, and use of renewable resources.",1]
["How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","95_8","How does corn oil work in biodegradable plastics production?","Bioplastics are plastics derived from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, or microbiota. Bioplastic can be made from agricultural by-products and also from used plastic bottles and other containers using microorganisms. Common plastics, such as fossil-fuel plastics (also called petrobased polymers), are derived from petroleum or natural gas. Production of such plastics tends to require more fossil fuels and to produce more greenhouse gases than the production of biobased polymers (bioplastics). Some, but not all, bioplastics are designed to biodegrade. Biodegradable bioplastics can break down in either anaerobic or aerobic environments, depending on how they are manufactured. Bioplastics can be composed of starches, cellulose, biopolymers, and a variety of other materials.",2,null,"How do you make biodegradable plastics using corn oil?","There is much debate about the total carbon, fossil fuel and water usage in manufacturing bioplastics from natural materials and whether they are a negative impact to human food supply. To make  of polylactic acid, the most common commercially available compostable plastic,   of corn is required. Since 270 million tonnes of plastic are made every year, replacing conventional plastic with corn-derived polylactic acid would remove 715.5 million tonnes from the world's food supply, at a time when global warming is reducing tropical farm productivity. \"Although U.S. corn is a highly productive crop, with typical yields between 140 and 160 bushels per acre, the resulting delivery of food by the corn system is far lower. Today’s corn crop is mainly used for biofuels (roughly 40 percent of U.S. corn is used for ethanol) and as animal feed (roughly 36 percent of U.S. corn, plus distillers grains left over from ethanol production, is fed to cattle, pigs and chickens). Much of the rest is exported.  Only a tiny fraction of the national corn crop is directly used for food for Americans, much of that for high-fructose corn syrup.\"",2,null,"What is the process of using corn oil to make biodegradable products like plastics?","Biodegradable Plastics. Biodegradable plastic is plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break down the structure of biodegradable plastic. The end result is one which is less harmful to the environment than traditional plastics.ith biodegradable plastic, you get a substance made from natural sources that does not contain these chemical fillers, and does not pose the same risk to the environment. The process of making biodegradable plastics begins with the melting down of all the materials.",0,null,"How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","Bioplastics are plastics derived from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, or microbiota. Bioplastic can be made from agricultural by-products and also from used plastic bottles and other containers using microorganisms. Common plastics, such as fossil-fuel plastics (also called petrobased polymers), are derived from petroleum or natural gas. Production of such plastics tends to require more fossil fuels and to produce more greenhouse gases than the production of biobased polymers (bioplastics). Some, but not all, bioplastics are designed to biodegrade. Biodegradable bioplastics can break down in either anaerobic or aerobic environments, depending on how they are manufactured. Bioplastics can be composed of starches, cellulose, biopolymers, and a variety of other materials.",2,null,125,false,"95_8_CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c","CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c","95_8_CAR_0d9e77e3e453d1c33087c53c152dffa3f00bce8e","CAR_0d9e77e3e453d1c33087c53c152dffa3f00bce8e","95_8_MARCO_6170128","MARCO_6170128",null,"How is corn oil used to make biodegradable plastics?","CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c","95_8_CAR_d9610f897c12b73c7a4d4243a27a73545b23201c","Bioplastics are plastics derived from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, or microbiota. Bioplastic can be made from agricultural by-products and also from used plastic bottles and other containers using microorganisms. Common plastics, such as fossil-fuel plastics (also called petrobased polymers), are derived from petroleum or natural gas. Production of such plastics tends to require more fossil fuels and to produce more greenhouse gases than the production of biobased polymers (bioplastics). Some, but not all, bioplastics are designed to biodegrade. Biodegradable bioplastics can break down in either anaerobic or aerobic environments, depending on how they are manufactured. Bioplastics can be composed of starches, cellulose, biopolymers, and a variety of other materials.",2]
["How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","96_1","How do I make Yakiniku in Japanese cuisine?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",4,null,"What are the techniques for making Yakiniku?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",4,null,"How can I cook Yakiniku at home?","The simplest way to prepare beef yakiniku is to simply season strips of good-quality beef with salt and pepper as they cook. When theyâ€™re done to your taste, you can eat them as they are or dip them in sauces like teriyaki sauce or ponzu.",2,null,"How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",4,null,126,true,"96_1_MARCO_5233682","MARCO_5233682","96_1_MARCO_5233682","MARCO_5233682","96_1_MARCO_5233683","MARCO_5233683",null,"How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","MARCO_5233682","96_1_MARCO_5233682","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",4]
["How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","96_1","How do I make Yakiniku in Japanese cuisine?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",4,null,"What are the techniques for making Yakiniku?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",4,null,"How can I cook Yakiniku at home?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",4,null,"How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",4,null,126,true,"96_1_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_1_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_1_MARCO_5233682","MARCO_5233682",null,"How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_1_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",4]
["How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","96_1","How do I make Yakiniku in Japanese cuisine?","Today, it commonly refers to a Japanese style of cooking bite-sized meat (usually beef and offal) and vegetables on gridirons or griddles over flame of wood charcoals carbonized by dry distillation (sumibi, 炭火) or gas/electric grill. In North America, China, and Taiwan, Yakiniku is also referred to as \"Japanese barbecue\" while in Japan the origin has become a subject of debate, though it is conventionally considered to be Korean cuisine. In 2002 the NHK program NHK Ningen Kouza (NHK人間講座, literally NHK Humanity Lecture) stated: \"While some tend to think that yakiniku came from Korea, it was born in post war Japan.\" Yet there are those who say that while yakiniku may have its beginnings in Japan, they believe it was first made by Zainichi Koreans (long-term Korean residents), and should therefore be considered Korean cuisine.",4,null,"What are the techniques for making Yakiniku?","The simplest way to prepare beef yakiniku is to simply season strips of good-quality beef with salt and pepper as they cook. When theyâ€™re done to your taste, you can eat them as they are or dip them in sauces like teriyaki sauce or ponzu.",2,null,"How can I cook Yakiniku at home?","In Japanese cities, yakitori carts, restaurants, or shops can be found. These contain charcoal-fired grills and marinated grilled meat on a stick. Yakiniku is a type of food where meat and/or vegetables are grilled directly over small charcoal or gas grills at high temperatures.  (This style of cooking has become popular throughout Asia.)  In Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, and Thailand, a popular food item from food vendors is satay, which is marinated meat on a bamboo skewer grilled over a charcoal fire and served with peanut (sate) sauce.",4,null,"How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","The simplest way to prepare beef yakiniku is to simply season strips of good-quality beef with salt and pepper as they cook. When theyâ€™re done to your taste, you can eat them as they are or dip them in sauces like teriyaki sauce or ponzu.",2,null,126,true,"96_1_CAR_92bd9fa4b84bf8b0032b74f2376caaa43c22f485","CAR_92bd9fa4b84bf8b0032b74f2376caaa43c22f485","96_1_MARCO_5233683","MARCO_5233683","96_1_CAR_ec19f3a054c8b72e2a5e18dc61ffa4942a7a8e33","CAR_ec19f3a054c8b72e2a5e18dc61ffa4942a7a8e33",null,"How do you make Japanese Yakiniku ?","MARCO_5233683","96_1_MARCO_5233683","The simplest way to prepare beef yakiniku is to simply season strips of good-quality beef with salt and pepper as they cook. When theyâ€™re done to your taste, you can eat them as they are or dip them in sauces like teriyaki sauce or ponzu.",2]
["Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","96_2","What are some ways to use Yakiniku sauce in other recipes?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What can I use Yakiniku sauce for?","Quick Overview. Yakiniku is a famed style of cooking meat that the Japanese pride themselves on. One thing that makes Yakiniku so great is the sauce; youâ€™ll find that it can enhance the flavor of cooked meat to perfection. This Ebara Yakiniku is the real deal, and is straight from Japan, boasting flavors that you canâ€™t find anywhere else. With garlic, honey, brown sugar, black pepper and many other great tasting ingredients youâ€™ll find this sauce does what other barbeque sauces never could.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Yakiniku Sauce good for other things?","Quick Overview. Yakiniku is a famed style of cooking meat that the Japanese pride themselves on. One thing that makes Yakiniku so great is the sauce; youâ€™ll find that it can enhance the flavor of cooked meat to perfection. This Ebara Yakiniku is the real deal, and is straight from Japan, boasting flavors that you canâ€™t find anywhere else. With garlic, honey, brown sugar, black pepper and many other great tasting ingredients youâ€™ll find this sauce does what other barbeque sauces never could.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","Quick Overview. Yakiniku is a famed style of cooking meat that the Japanese pride themselves on. One thing that makes Yakiniku so great is the sauce; youâ€™ll find that it can enhance the flavor of cooked meat to perfection. This Ebara Yakiniku is the real deal, and is straight from Japan, boasting flavors that you canâ€™t find anywhere else. With garlic, honey, brown sugar, black pepper and many other great tasting ingredients youâ€™ll find this sauce does what other barbeque sauces never could.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,127,false,"96_2_MARCO_5233682","MARCO_5233682","96_2_MARCO_5233675","MARCO_5233675","96_2_MARCO_5233675","MARCO_5233675",null,"Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","MARCO_5233675","96_2_MARCO_5233675","Quick Overview. Yakiniku is a famed style of cooking meat that the Japanese pride themselves on. One thing that makes Yakiniku so great is the sauce; youâ€™ll find that it can enhance the flavor of cooked meat to perfection. This Ebara Yakiniku is the real deal, and is straight from Japan, boasting flavors that you canâ€™t find anywhere else. With garlic, honey, brown sugar, black pepper and many other great tasting ingredients youâ€™ll find this sauce does what other barbeque sauces never could.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2]
["Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","96_2","What are some ways to use Yakiniku sauce in other recipes?","Quick Overview. Yakiniku is a famed style of cooking meat that the Japanese pride themselves on. One thing that makes Yakiniku so great is the sauce; youâ€™ll find that it can enhance the flavor of cooked meat to perfection. This Ebara Yakiniku is the real deal, and is straight from Japan, boasting flavors that you canâ€™t find anywhere else. With garlic, honey, brown sugar, black pepper and many other great tasting ingredients youâ€™ll find this sauce does what other barbeque sauces never could.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What can I use Yakiniku sauce for?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Yakiniku Sauce good for other things?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,127,false,"96_2_MARCO_5233675","MARCO_5233675","96_2_MARCO_5233682","MARCO_5233682","96_2_MARCO_5233682","MARCO_5233682",null,"Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","MARCO_5233682","96_2_MARCO_5233682","How to Make Yakiniku Sauce to Grill Meat in the Japanese Food. Yakiniku is one of way to cook in the Japanese food. That is mean, cooking grilled meat or roasted meat on the ember or griller. Yakiniku are included variety dish like meat, pork, innards, beef steak, lamb, and barbeque with dipper sauce. One of ingredient to make yakiniku sauce is mirin. Mirin is Japanese ingredient to cook just like making teriyaki sauce. Which it content alcohol 14%, and sugar 40 â€“ 50%. You can find mirin in the Japanese store.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","96_2","What are some ways to use Yakiniku sauce in other recipes?","The simplest way to prepare beef yakiniku is to simply season strips of good-quality beef with salt and pepper as they cook. When theyâ€™re done to your taste, you can eat them as they are or dip them in sauces like teriyaki sauce or ponzu.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What can I use Yakiniku sauce for?"," is a general term in Japanese cuisine for dipping sauces often used in grilling (yakitori and yakiniku, especially as teriyaki sauce) as well as with sushi, nabemono and gyoza. The sauce is best described as sweetened, thickened soy sauce for grilling and flavored soy sauce with dashi, vinegar, etc., for nabemono and natto such as ponzu but every chef has their own variation. Kuromitsu is sweet tare.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Yakiniku Sauce good for other things?"," is a general term in Japanese cuisine for dipping sauces often used in grilling (yakitori and yakiniku, especially as teriyaki sauce) as well as with sushi, nabemono and gyoza. The sauce is best described as sweetened, thickened soy sauce for grilling and flavored soy sauce with dashi, vinegar, etc., for nabemono and natto such as ponzu but every chef has their own variation. Kuromitsu is sweet tare.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,127,false,"96_2_MARCO_5233683","MARCO_5233683","96_2_CAR_14e0628553de3ea5ea23f88e97f9b1785cd3daea","CAR_14e0628553de3ea5ea23f88e97f9b1785cd3daea","96_2_CAR_14e0628553de3ea5ea23f88e97f9b1785cd3daea","CAR_14e0628553de3ea5ea23f88e97f9b1785cd3daea",null,"Can the sauce for Yakiniku be used in other dishes?","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_2_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","96_3","What are some restaurants that serve yakiniku in Tokyo?","He announced in September 2010 that he was opening up a yakiniku restaurant in Kōtō, Tokyo.",1,null,"What are some good Tokyo restaurants to order yakiniku?","He announced in September 2010 that he was opening up a yakiniku restaurant in Kōtō, Tokyo.",1,null,"Where can I eat the best yakiniku in Tokyo?","He announced in September 2010 that he was opening up a yakiniku restaurant in Kōtō, Tokyo.",1,null,"What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","He announced in September 2010 that he was opening up a yakiniku restaurant in Kōtō, Tokyo.",1,null,128,true,"96_3_CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6","CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6","96_3_CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6","CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6","96_3_CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6","CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6",null,"What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6","96_3_CAR_1b9846ce1825dc6080c75fee697771e783f148f6","He announced in September 2010 that he was opening up a yakiniku restaurant in Kōtō, Tokyo.",1]
["What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","96_3","What are some restaurants that serve yakiniku in Tokyo?","There are numerous Japanese restaurants, catering to both Japanese and non-Japanese clientele. Many of them specialize in one type of Japanese cuisine, such as donburi, Japanese noodles (soba, ramen and udon), shabu-shabu (which translated from Japanese means 'swish-swish', referring to the motion of dipping meat and vegetables in a communal bowl of boiling water), Japanese curry, sushi, or yakitori. There are also a number of yakiniku restaurants, where meat is often cooked on a small grill built into the center of the table.  Little Tokyo is the birthplace of the California roll, invented by a chef named Ichiro Mashita at the Tokyo Kaikan sushi restaurant.",0,null,"What are some good Tokyo restaurants to order yakiniku?","There are numerous Japanese restaurants, catering to both Japanese and non-Japanese clientele. Many of them specialize in one type of Japanese cuisine, such as donburi, Japanese noodles (soba, ramen and udon), shabu-shabu (which translated from Japanese means 'swish-swish', referring to the motion of dipping meat and vegetables in a communal bowl of boiling water), Japanese curry, sushi, or yakitori. There are also a number of yakiniku restaurants, where meat is often cooked on a small grill built into the center of the table.  Little Tokyo is the birthplace of the California roll, invented by a chef named Ichiro Mashita at the Tokyo Kaikan sushi restaurant.",0,null,"Where can I eat the best yakiniku in Tokyo?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",0,null,"What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","In 2012, the Naza Group expanded its F&B portfolio to include Gyu Kaku, a globally renowned Yakiniku restaurant chain.",0,null,128,true,"96_3_CAR_1f1e7bb9c7849545c53114506b47295855b53a9b","CAR_1f1e7bb9c7849545c53114506b47295855b53a9b","96_3_CAR_1f1e7bb9c7849545c53114506b47295855b53a9b","CAR_1f1e7bb9c7849545c53114506b47295855b53a9b","96_3_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d",null,"What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","CAR_f24f10fabbcccead21a369ae9605211c99b15f6b","96_3_CAR_f24f10fabbcccead21a369ae9605211c99b15f6b","In 2012, the Naza Group expanded its F&B portfolio to include Gyu Kaku, a globally renowned Yakiniku restaurant chain.",0]
["What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","96_3","What are some restaurants that serve yakiniku in Tokyo?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",0,null,"What are some good Tokyo restaurants to order yakiniku?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",0,null,"Where can I eat the best yakiniku in Tokyo?","There are numerous Japanese restaurants, catering to both Japanese and non-Japanese clientele. Many of them specialize in one type of Japanese cuisine, such as donburi, Japanese noodles (soba, ramen and udon), shabu-shabu (which translated from Japanese means 'swish-swish', referring to the motion of dipping meat and vegetables in a communal bowl of boiling water), Japanese curry, sushi, or yakitori. There are also a number of yakiniku restaurants, where meat is often cooked on a small grill built into the center of the table.  Little Tokyo is the birthplace of the California roll, invented by a chef named Ichiro Mashita at the Tokyo Kaikan sushi restaurant.",0,null,"What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",0,null,128,true,"96_3_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_3_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_3_CAR_1f1e7bb9c7849545c53114506b47295855b53a9b","CAR_1f1e7bb9c7849545c53114506b47295855b53a9b",null,"What are the best Yakiniku restaurants in Tokyo?","CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","96_3_CAR_135cf789498f4e25a6b131d9f0365903c521b03d","Yakiniku is a variant of bulgogi that has been modified by Zainichi Koreans to appeal to Japanese tastes. The present style of yakiniku restaurants are also derived from the Korean restaurants in Osaka and Tokyo which were opened around 1945.In a yakiniku restaurant, diners order several types of prepared raw ingredients (either individually or as a set) which are brought to the table. The ingredients are cooked by the diners on a grill built into the table throughout the duration of the meal, several pieces at a time. The ingredients are then dipped in sauces known as tare before being eaten. The most common sauce is made of Japanese soy sauce mixed with sake, mirin, sugar, garlic, fruit juice and sesame. Garlic-and-shallot or miso-based dips are sometimes used. Different kinds of Korean side dishes like kimchi, nameul, bibimbap are also served alongside.",0]
["Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","96_4","What are the best three Michelin-star sushi joints in Tokyo?","Kagurazaka Ishikawa is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hideki Ishikawa. It is a personal favorite of chef David Kinch.",4,null,"What are the best 3-star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo?","Kagurazaka Ishikawa is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hideki Ishikawa. It is a personal favorite of chef David Kinch.",4,null,"What are some Three Star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo?","Kanda is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant located in Minato, Tokyo. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hiroyuki Kanda.",4,null,"Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","Kagurazaka Ishikawa is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hideki Ishikawa. It is a personal favorite of chef David Kinch.",4,null,129,false,"96_4_CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","96_4_CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","96_4_CAR_16df4347c591e4c893b66a8d170c3fd06a6f2e5b","CAR_16df4347c591e4c893b66a8d170c3fd06a6f2e5b",null,"Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","96_4_CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","Kagurazaka Ishikawa is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hideki Ishikawa. It is a personal favorite of chef David Kinch.",4]
["Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","96_4","What are the best three Michelin-star sushi joints in Tokyo?","Kanda is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant located in Minato, Tokyo. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hiroyuki Kanda.",4,null,"What are the best 3-star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo?","Sushi Yoshitake is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Ginza, Chūō, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Masahiro Yoshitake.",4,null,"What are some Three Star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo?","Kagurazaka Ishikawa is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hideki Ishikawa. It is a personal favorite of chef David Kinch.",4,null,"Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","Sushi Yoshitake is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Ginza, Chūō, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Masahiro Yoshitake.",4,null,129,false,"96_4_CAR_16df4347c591e4c893b66a8d170c3fd06a6f2e5b","CAR_16df4347c591e4c893b66a8d170c3fd06a6f2e5b","96_4_CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef","CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef","96_4_CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292","CAR_bf9c3e70ba95710d61684e3eb7e3fbd3bae36292",null,"Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef","96_4_CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef","Sushi Yoshitake is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Ginza, Chūō, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Masahiro Yoshitake.",4]
["Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","96_4","What are the best three Michelin-star sushi joints in Tokyo?","Sushi Yoshitake is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Ginza, Chūō, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Masahiro Yoshitake.",4,null,"What are the best 3-star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo?","Kanda is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant located in Minato, Tokyo. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hiroyuki Kanda.",4,null,"What are some Three Star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo?","Sushi Yoshitake is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant in Ginza, Chūō, Tokyo, Japan. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Masahiro Yoshitake.",4,null,"Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","Kanda is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant located in Minato, Tokyo. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hiroyuki Kanda.",4,null,129,false,"96_4_CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef","CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef","96_4_CAR_16df4347c591e4c893b66a8d170c3fd06a6f2e5b","CAR_16df4347c591e4c893b66a8d170c3fd06a6f2e5b","96_4_CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef","CAR_3f63bf65e8845a32306e5bde7a8e6bbafd3ce4ef",null,"Tell me about three star Michelin sushi restaurants in Tokyo.","CAR_16df4347c591e4c893b66a8d170c3fd06a6f2e5b","96_4_CAR_16df4347c591e4c893b66a8d170c3fd06a6f2e5b","Kanda is a Michelin 3-star sushi restaurant located in Minato, Tokyo. It is owned and operated by sushi chef Hiroyuki Kanda.",4]
["How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","96_5","How do I make a booking for dinner in a restaurant in Tokyo?","Reservation for Sushi Iwa Ginza, Michelin 1 star, Tokyo. The Voyagin team has screened this host. ONLY for Voyagin guests! 30% OFF Mobile Wifi Service when you travel in Japan! Overview. Sushi Ginza Iwa in Ginza, Tokyo, is a Michelin starred restaurant where you can enjoy a marvelous top-class sushi dinner at an affordable price! Our reservation service will help you to secure seats in this cozy restaurant! Reserve seats for Sushi Ginza Iwa, Tokyo.",2,null,"How do I make a table reservation for a Tokyo restaurant?","Reservation for Sushi Iwa Ginza, Michelin 1 star, Tokyo. The Voyagin team has screened this host. ONLY for Voyagin guests! 30% OFF Mobile Wifi Service when you travel in Japan! Overview. Sushi Ginza Iwa in Ginza, Tokyo, is a Michelin starred restaurant where you can enjoy a marvelous top-class sushi dinner at an affordable price! Our reservation service will help you to secure seats in this cozy restaurant! Reserve seats for Sushi Ginza Iwa, Tokyo.",2,null,"How do I request dinner at any of the Tokyo restaurants?","Reservation for Sushi Iwa Ginza, Michelin 1 star, Tokyo. The Voyagin team has screened this host. ONLY for Voyagin guests! 30% OFF Mobile Wifi Service when you travel in Japan! Overview. Sushi Ginza Iwa in Ginza, Tokyo, is a Michelin starred restaurant where you can enjoy a marvelous top-class sushi dinner at an affordable price! Our reservation service will help you to secure seats in this cozy restaurant! Reserve seats for Sushi Ginza Iwa, Tokyo.",2,null,"How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","Reservation for Sushi Iwa Ginza, Michelin 1 star, Tokyo. The Voyagin team has screened this host. ONLY for Voyagin guests! 30% OFF Mobile Wifi Service when you travel in Japan! Overview. Sushi Ginza Iwa in Ginza, Tokyo, is a Michelin starred restaurant where you can enjoy a marvelous top-class sushi dinner at an affordable price! Our reservation service will help you to secure seats in this cozy restaurant! Reserve seats for Sushi Ginza Iwa, Tokyo.",2,null,130,true,"96_5_MARCO_3459123","MARCO_3459123","96_5_MARCO_3459123","MARCO_3459123","96_5_MARCO_3459123","MARCO_3459123",null,"How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","MARCO_3459123","96_5_MARCO_3459123","Reservation for Sushi Iwa Ginza, Michelin 1 star, Tokyo. The Voyagin team has screened this host. ONLY for Voyagin guests! 30% OFF Mobile Wifi Service when you travel in Japan! Overview. Sushi Ginza Iwa in Ginza, Tokyo, is a Michelin starred restaurant where you can enjoy a marvelous top-class sushi dinner at an affordable price! Our reservation service will help you to secure seats in this cozy restaurant! Reserve seats for Sushi Ginza Iwa, Tokyo.",2]
["How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","96_5","How do I make a booking for dinner in a restaurant in Tokyo?","Reserve a table for the best dining in Tokyo, Tokyo Prefecture on TripAdvisor: See 551,830 reviews of 99,469 Tokyo restaurants and search by cuisine, price, location, and more. Tokyo Tokyo Tourism",2,null,"How do I make a table reservation for a Tokyo restaurant?","With OpenTableâ€™s free apps, you can discover, reserve, and manage restaurant reservations â€” anytime, anywhere. Explore thousands of restaurants, find available tables, and book instantly for free.Get access to exclusive mobile features, plus reviews, photos, menus, and more. Your next delicious meal is just a tap away.ith OpenTableâ€™s free apps, you can discover, reserve, and manage restaurant reservations â€” anytime, anywhere. Explore thousands of restaurants, find available tables, and book instantly for free.",1,null,"How do I request dinner at any of the Tokyo restaurants?","Tokyo Diner has the policy of using sustainable sources for its service ever since its opening in 1992. According to the staff members of Tokyo Diner, to extend awareness of the need to reduce the consumption of tuna, the restaurant will not serve tuna-based food. Another policy is the non-acceptance of tips. According to the menu, any money left on tables (regardless of the intention of the owners) will go to St. Martin-in-the-Fields’ unit for the Homeless.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","Reserve a table for the best dining in Tokyo, Tokyo Prefecture on TripAdvisor: See 551,830 reviews of 99,469 Tokyo restaurants and search by cuisine, price, location, and more. Tokyo Tokyo Tourism",2,null,130,true,"96_5_MARCO_7240230","MARCO_7240230","96_5_MARCO_6038970","MARCO_6038970","96_5_CAR_98ddffdc4e16704aa9d85ec6574f0f6d74ed98c6","CAR_98ddffdc4e16704aa9d85ec6574f0f6d74ed98c6",null,"How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","MARCO_7240230","96_5_MARCO_7240230","Reserve a table for the best dining in Tokyo, Tokyo Prefecture on TripAdvisor: See 551,830 reviews of 99,469 Tokyo restaurants and search by cuisine, price, location, and more. Tokyo Tokyo Tourism",2]
["How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","96_5","How do I make a booking for dinner in a restaurant in Tokyo?"," was a sushi restaurant run by Japanese chef  in the Ginza neighbourhood of Tokyo, Japan. It received a three-star rating in the 2011 edition of the Michelin Guide for Tokyo, Yokohama and Kamakura. Described as \"Japan's most difficult restaurant to make a booking at\", the restaurant closed in February 2013 so that Araki could pursue a new challenge overseas, which led to him opening The Araki in London in October 2014.",0,null,"How do I make a table reservation for a Tokyo restaurant?","Reserve a table for the best dining in Tokyo, Tokyo Prefecture on TripAdvisor: See 551,830 reviews of 99,469 Tokyo restaurants and search by cuisine, price, location, and more. Tokyo Tokyo Tourism",2,null,"How do I request dinner at any of the Tokyo restaurants?","Reserve a table for the best dining in Tokyo, Tokyo Prefecture on TripAdvisor: See 551,830 reviews of 99,469 Tokyo restaurants and search by cuisine, price, location, and more. Tokyo Tokyo Tourism",2,null,"How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","You can make same-day reservations online. The $10 hold would still apply, so be sure to keep your reservation. You can also visit a restaurant the day of to see if they have openings. You can also call the reservations system for a same-day reservation, but you cannot call a restaurant directly.",0,null,130,true,"96_5_CAR_5598d74506792655d638491f5f234ebc2cf58ba9","CAR_5598d74506792655d638491f5f234ebc2cf58ba9","96_5_MARCO_7240230","MARCO_7240230","96_5_MARCO_7240230","MARCO_7240230",null,"How do I make dinner reservations in Tokyo restaurants?","MARCO_7011064","96_5_MARCO_7011064","You can make same-day reservations online. The $10 hold would still apply, so be sure to keep your reservation. You can also visit a restaurant the day of to see if they have openings. You can also call the reservations system for a same-day reservation, but you cannot call a restaurant directly.",0]
["Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","96_6","What other great places to be visited in Tokyo besides restaurants?","We were in Tokyo over New Year this year and had a great time visiting temples and the sales with the locals. The temples had a great atmosphere with lots of people, great food stalls and general feeling of everyone being happy and enjoying themselves.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are some of the best activities to do in Tokyo besides eating at a restaurant?","25. Food-Finally, food is the reason I visited Japan, and I think eating is by all means one of the best things to do in Tokyo. Food is everywhere, and not only does it taste amazing, but the care that goes into Japanese cuisine is incredible.",0,null,"Can you recommend other entertaining things to do in Tokyo besides eating?","25. Food-Finally, food is the reason I visited Japan, and I think eating is by all means one of the best things to do in Tokyo. Food is everywhere, and not only does it taste amazing, but the care that goes into Japanese cuisine is incredible.",0,null,"Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","25. Food-Finally, food is the reason I visited Japan, and I think eating is by all means one of the best things to do in Tokyo. Food is everywhere, and not only does it taste amazing, but the care that goes into Japanese cuisine is incredible.",0,null,131,false,"96_6_MARCO_149596","MARCO_149596","96_6_MARCO_5860712","MARCO_5860712","96_6_MARCO_5860712","MARCO_5860712",null,"Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","MARCO_5860712","96_6_MARCO_5860712","25. Food-Finally, food is the reason I visited Japan, and I think eating is by all means one of the best things to do in Tokyo. Food is everywhere, and not only does it taste amazing, but the care that goes into Japanese cuisine is incredible.",0]
["Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","96_6","What other great places to be visited in Tokyo besides restaurants?","Combine the cultural delights and delectable bites of Tokyo on this enriching 3-hour food tour of Japanâ€™s captivating capital. Accompanied by a gastronomic guide, delve into the enticing culinary scene of the city by visiting sever popular bars and restaurants.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some of the best activities to do in Tokyo besides eating at a restaurant?","Top 10 Things To Do In Tokyo. Best Things To Do In Tokyo December 2016: Spectacular Christmas lights, New Yearâ€™s Eve at Tokyo shrines, Tsukiji Fish market morning sushi, Tokyo Winter Skyline from Sky Tree tower, Kabuki December plays, shopping hot-spots and partying with the characters of Disneyland.",3,null,"Can you recommend other entertaining things to do in Tokyo besides eating?","Best Answer: Tokyo is known and can offer many different things. There are the temples and festivals of Asakusa, Fukagawa, Kameido, Zojo-ji where you can experience the vibrant energy of the people. The friendliness of local izakayas where you can unwind and forget your worries.est Answer: Tokyo is known and can offer many different things. There are the temples and festivals of Asakusa, Fukagawa, Kameido, Zojo-ji where you can experience the vibrant energy of the people. The friendliness of local izakayas where you can unwind and forget your worries.",2,null,"Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","First off, congrats! Iâ€™m so jealous. Tokyo is one of my all time favorite cities. There is so much to do, so much to see, and most importantly, so much to eat. Tokyo has it all, from hole in the wall gyoza places to high-end Michelin sushi bars. If youâ€™re planning on going to Tokyo, plan on eating, because eating is half the fun.",0,null,131,false,"96_6_MARCO_8381587","MARCO_8381587","96_6_MARCO_2415226","MARCO_2415226","96_6_MARCO_5981333","MARCO_5981333",null,"Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","MARCO_966257","96_6_MARCO_966257","First off, congrats! Iâ€™m so jealous. Tokyo is one of my all time favorite cities. There is so much to do, so much to see, and most importantly, so much to eat. Tokyo has it all, from hole in the wall gyoza places to high-end Michelin sushi bars. If youâ€™re planning on going to Tokyo, plan on eating, because eating is half the fun.",0]
["Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","96_6","What other great places to be visited in Tokyo besides restaurants?","Mitsuru CafÃ© â€“ Great Imagawayaki (Taiyaki), Homemade Mochi And Other Japanese Treats in Little Tokyo. **For full post and pics**: https://www.lauhound.com/2013/07/mits... Mitsuru CafÃ© is one of three Japanese places that I can literally remember going to for as long as Iâ€™ve been alive; the other two being Sakae Sushi and Sakura-Ya in Gardena.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some of the best activities to do in Tokyo besides eating at a restaurant?","Of course you do not have to limit yourself to Japanese food. Tokyo is one of the best places (if not the best) to eat in the world. In most Italian restaurants (even if it calls itself a pasta house or pizzeria), you can find more than one non-pasta and non-pizza dish (although for economic reasons, that may not be the case at lunch; but certainly at dinner).",0,null,"Can you recommend other entertaining things to do in Tokyo besides eating?","Top 10 Things To Do In Tokyo. Best Things To Do In Tokyo December 2016: Spectacular Christmas lights, New Yearâ€™s Eve at Tokyo shrines, Tsukiji Fish market morning sushi, Tokyo Winter Skyline from Sky Tree tower, Kabuki December plays, shopping hot-spots and partying with the characters of Disneyland.",3,null,"Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","Top 10 Things To Do In Tokyo. Best Things To Do In Tokyo December 2016: Spectacular Christmas lights, New Yearâ€™s Eve at Tokyo shrines, Tsukiji Fish market morning sushi, Tokyo Winter Skyline from Sky Tree tower, Kabuki December plays, shopping hot-spots and partying with the characters of Disneyland.",3,null,131,false,"96_6_MARCO_197590","MARCO_197590","96_6_MARCO_7240228","MARCO_7240228","96_6_MARCO_2415226","MARCO_2415226",null,"Tell me what other fun things there are to do in Tokyo besides eating.","MARCO_2415226","96_6_MARCO_2415226","Top 10 Things To Do In Tokyo. Best Things To Do In Tokyo December 2016: Spectacular Christmas lights, New Yearâ€™s Eve at Tokyo shrines, Tsukiji Fish market morning sushi, Tokyo Winter Skyline from Sky Tree tower, Kabuki December plays, shopping hot-spots and partying with the characters of Disneyland.",3]
["What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","96_7","How much does it cost to live in Tokyo and New York City?","Cost of living in Tokyo is 1.94% lower than in New York Our estimator (with default settings) estimate monthly expenses for a single person at 1,099.90$ (119,818.54Â¥) and for four person family at 4,009.22$ (436,748.32Â¥) (without rent).",4,null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo? Is it more expensive than New York City?","Cost of living in Tokyo is 1.94% lower than in New York Our estimator (with default settings) estimate monthly expenses for a single person at 1,099.90$ (119,818.54Â¥) and for four person family at 4,009.22$ (436,748.32Â¥) (without rent).",4,null,"What is the average living expense in Tokyo in comparison to New York City?","Cost of living in Tokyo is 1.94% lower than in New York Our estimator (with default settings) estimate monthly expenses for a single person at 1,099.90$ (119,818.54Â¥) and for four person family at 4,009.22$ (436,748.32Â¥) (without rent).",4,null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","Cost of living in Tokyo is 1.94% lower than in New York Our estimator (with default settings) estimate monthly expenses for a single person at 1,099.90$ (119,818.54Â¥) and for four person family at 4,009.22$ (436,748.32Â¥) (without rent).",4,null,132,true,"96_7_MARCO_3217256","MARCO_3217256","96_7_MARCO_3217256","MARCO_3217256","96_7_MARCO_3217256","MARCO_3217256",null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","MARCO_3217256","96_7_MARCO_3217256","Cost of living in Tokyo is 1.94% lower than in New York Our estimator (with default settings) estimate monthly expenses for a single person at 1,099.90$ (119,818.54Â¥) and for four person family at 4,009.22$ (436,748.32Â¥) (without rent).",4]
["What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","96_7","How much does it cost to live in Tokyo and New York City?","1 Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 92% more expensive than in Moscow. 3  Cost of living in Tokyo is about the same as in Paris. 4  Cost of living in Tokyo is 53% more expensive than in Wichita, Kansas. Cost of living in Tokyo is 20% cheaper than in New York City. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 25% cheaper than in London. 3  Cost of living in Sagamihara is 32% cheaper than in Amsterdam. 4  Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo.",4,null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo? Is it more expensive than New York City?","1 Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 92% more expensive than in Moscow. 3  Cost of living in Tokyo is about the same as in Paris. 4  Cost of living in Tokyo is 53% more expensive than in Wichita, Kansas. Cost of living in Tokyo is 20% cheaper than in New York City. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 25% cheaper than in London. 3  Cost of living in Sagamihara is 32% cheaper than in Amsterdam. 4  Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo.",4,null,"What is the average living expense in Tokyo in comparison to New York City?","The survey assigns New York a base index number of 100 and compares the prices of goods there to the prices in other cities. Thus, Oslo, at an index of 132, is 32 percent more expensive than New York. Paris scores a 130, Copenhagen 126 and London 125. Tokyo, at 124, was the fifth costliest city.",4,null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","1 Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 92% more expensive than in Moscow. 3  Cost of living in Tokyo is about the same as in Paris. 4  Cost of living in Tokyo is 53% more expensive than in Wichita, Kansas. Cost of living in Tokyo is 20% cheaper than in New York City. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 25% cheaper than in London. 3  Cost of living in Sagamihara is 32% cheaper than in Amsterdam. 4  Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo.",4,null,132,true,"96_7_MARCO_2145335","MARCO_2145335","96_7_MARCO_2145335","MARCO_2145335","96_7_MARCO_8509114","MARCO_8509114",null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","MARCO_2145335","96_7_MARCO_2145335","1 Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 92% more expensive than in Moscow. 3  Cost of living in Tokyo is about the same as in Paris. 4  Cost of living in Tokyo is 53% more expensive than in Wichita, Kansas. Cost of living in Tokyo is 20% cheaper than in New York City. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 25% cheaper than in London. 3  Cost of living in Sagamihara is 32% cheaper than in Amsterdam. 4  Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo.",4]
["What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","96_7","How much does it cost to live in Tokyo and New York City?","The survey also measured the average meal cost at the 20 priciest restaurants in each city. New York takes the No. 1 spot in the United States. An average meal in Gotham costs $37.61, while your tab for a meal at the most expensive restaurants will average $112.49. San Francisco, at No. 2, isn't far behind.An average meal there costs $35.52, but you get a much better deal at the top spots relative to New York, since swank meals in the Bay Area average a mere $85.27.n Tokyo, expect to pay an average of $70.64 for dinner out, and $181.08 for a meal at a top restaurant. In London, an average meal out will run you $67.69. But you'll enjoy a relative bargain for those high-end meals compared with Tokyo diners because you'll only need to fork over an average of $142.40.",1,null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo? Is it more expensive than New York City?","1 Cost of living in London is 9% more expensive than in New York. 2  Cost of living in New York is 9% cheaper than in London. 3  Cost of living in Tokyo is 24% more expensive than in Des Moines. 4  Cost of living in New York is 31% more expensive than in Melbourne.",1,null,"What is the average living expense in Tokyo in comparison to New York City?","1 Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 92% more expensive than in Moscow. 3  Cost of living in Tokyo is about the same as in Paris. 4  Cost of living in Tokyo is 53% more expensive than in Wichita, Kansas. Cost of living in Tokyo is 20% cheaper than in New York City. 2  Cost of living in Tokyo is 25% cheaper than in London. 3  Cost of living in Sagamihara is 32% cheaper than in Amsterdam. 4  Cost of living in Osaka is 16% cheaper than in Tokyo.",4,null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","The survey assigns New York a base index number of 100 and compares the prices of goods there to the prices in other cities. Thus, Oslo, at an index of 132, is 32 percent more expensive than New York. Paris scores a 130, Copenhagen 126 and London 125. Tokyo, at 124, was the fifth costliest city.",4,null,132,true,"96_7_MARCO_5117032","MARCO_5117032","96_7_MARCO_8333666","MARCO_8333666","96_7_MARCO_2145335","MARCO_2145335",null,"What is the cost of living in Tokyo compared to New York City (NYC)?","MARCO_8509114","96_7_MARCO_8509114","The survey assigns New York a base index number of 100 and compares the prices of goods there to the prices in other cities. Thus, Oslo, at an index of 132, is 32 percent more expensive than New York. Paris scores a 130, Copenhagen 126 and London 125. Tokyo, at 124, was the fifth costliest city.",4]
["What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","96_8","What's the salary of foreign lawyers in Tokyo?","The salary of an international law attorney is very dependent on location. A starting salary for an international lawyer in New York can range from $85,000 to $89,000, reports Georgetown University.ccording to a report compiled by Simply Hired, entry-level international law attorneys made a salary of $68,000 a year as of January 25, 2011. This is similar to the median salaries of all law school graduates nine months after graduation, which is $68,500, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.",0,null,"How much do foreign lawyers in Tokyo make?","Answers.comÂ® is making the world better one answer at a time. How much an international lawyer can make varies somewhat, according to their location, experience, education and the employer. The average annual salary for such a position is 82,750 US dollars.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much does a foreign legal firm pay in Tokyo?","The Tokyo office of Bingham McCutchen became one of the largest law firms in Japan by its 2007 merger with a domestic law firm headed by Hideyuki Sakai, a top insolvency specialist. Unlike most foreign firms in Japan which have minimal domestic practices, Bingham's Tokyo office was predominantly staffed by Japanese attorneys and handled domestic matters such as the restructuring of Olympus Corporation, although it hired a number of foreign attorneys since 2012 in an attempt to strengthen its outbound and cross-border practice and to expand in other legal fields such as intellectual property and investment funds.",1,null,"What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","Starting salaries for Japanese attorneys are typically around 10 million yen (US$100,000) in established law firms, and about half as much in Japanese companies. In-house counsel are still relatively rare in Japan, with only 770 of the 32,000 registered bengoshi working in corporate law departments as of January 2013.",2,null,133,false,"96_8_MARCO_6381539","MARCO_6381539","96_8_MARCO_7443789","MARCO_7443789","96_8_CAR_3b6cf6d401a4579716bdd8c4aa49ed183f95a4b1","CAR_3b6cf6d401a4579716bdd8c4aa49ed183f95a4b1",null,"What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","CAR_9b6fc9760a0a8de3f2899c94e7cb3f737293022b","96_8_CAR_9b6fc9760a0a8de3f2899c94e7cb3f737293022b","Starting salaries for Japanese attorneys are typically around 10 million yen (US$100,000) in established law firms, and about half as much in Japanese companies. In-house counsel are still relatively rare in Japan, with only 770 of the 32,000 registered bengoshi working in corporate law departments as of January 2013.",2]
["What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","96_8","What's the salary of foreign lawyers in Tokyo?","As per the various salary surveys, the median salaries for lawyers is around USD 92,000. However, the salaries for the beginners having less experience were found to be in the â€¦ range of USD 30,000 to USD 42,000.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much do foreign lawyers in Tokyo make?","We wouldnâ€™t have a complete image of how much do lawyers make if we didnâ€™t include the judges/magistrates here as well. $160,336 is the median yearly pay here. The lower quarter gains an average of $157,273, while the upper one reaches an amount of $179,433.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much does a foreign legal firm pay in Tokyo?","Clifford Chance was one of several international law firms that developed local law practices in Japan following the easing of restrictions on foreign law firms in 2005. Although its Magic Circle competitors Allen & Overy and Linklaters significantly downsized this segment of their practice following the 2008 financial crisis, the Tokyo office of Clifford Chance maintains a local law practice, even handling local matters for Japanese clients, and views this capability as critical for an international law firm. Clifford Chance was the highest-ranked European law firm by Japanese corporate legal departments in a December 2013 Nihon Keizai Shimbun survey.",1,null,"What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","Graduates typically focus on the legal applications of business operations and salary will range greatly depending on the size of the corporation or firm that an international lawyer will be employed by. For example, the BLS reported that in May 2013 the average annual salary of a lawyer was roughly $131,990.In addition, the BLS reported that in the same year a graduate of a business law degree program could anticipate a salary of around $164,270 if working directly for a company or enterprise.raduates typically focus on the legal applications of business operations and salary will range greatly depending on the size of the corporation or firm that an international lawyer will be employed by. For example, the BLS reported that in May 2013 the average annual salary of a lawyer was roughly $131,990.",0,null,133,false,"96_8_MARCO_1291154","MARCO_1291154","96_8_MARCO_7231808","MARCO_7231808","96_8_CAR_2b3105600e31210f17c4e9a889442994fa9bab89","CAR_2b3105600e31210f17c4e9a889442994fa9bab89",null,"What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","MARCO_1286425","96_8_MARCO_1286425","Graduates typically focus on the legal applications of business operations and salary will range greatly depending on the size of the corporation or firm that an international lawyer will be employed by. For example, the BLS reported that in May 2013 the average annual salary of a lawyer was roughly $131,990.In addition, the BLS reported that in the same year a graduate of a business law degree program could anticipate a salary of around $164,270 if working directly for a company or enterprise.raduates typically focus on the legal applications of business operations and salary will range greatly depending on the size of the corporation or firm that an international lawyer will be employed by. For example, the BLS reported that in May 2013 the average annual salary of a lawyer was roughly $131,990.",0]
["What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","96_8","What's the salary of foreign lawyers in Tokyo?","Salary will range greatly depending on the size of the corporation or firm that an international lawyer will be employed by. For example, the BLS reported that in May 2015, a lawyer could anticipate a salary of around $175,930 if working directly for a company or enterprise. For lawyers employed by the federal executive branch, the BLS anticipated an average salary of $134,400 in May 2015.",0,null,"How much do foreign lawyers in Tokyo make?","1 The average amount that lawyers make is from $100-300 dollars an hour. 2  It depends on how much you charge the clients. 3  It depends upon the type of practice that one chooses. 4  The majority of attorneys do not make the enormous sums that the general public believes.awyers can earn commission by referring their clients to other lawyers with an expertise in a certain area of the law. Depending on the reputation of the referred lawyer, commissions can go as high as C$50,000.The middle half of all lawyers earned between $61,060 and $136,810 a year in 2002.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much does a foreign legal firm pay in Tokyo?","In 1977, Milbank, Tweed, Hadley & McCloy became the first foreign law firm to establish an office in Tokyo under its own name, amid opposition from both the Ministry of Justice and Japan Federation of Bar Associations, who viewed it as illegal for foreign lawyers to practice in Japan. Despite these protests, Milbank's office remained open through the early 1980s, and along with the office of a Hong Kong-based firm, was the only office of a foreign law firm in Japan during that time. The United States government began to view the restrictions on foreign lawyers as a trade barrier during the early 1980s, and in 1984, the Japan Federation of Bar Associations exchanged proposals with the American Bar Association regarding a new foreign lawyer registration system.",1,null,"What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","The Tokyo office of Bingham McCutchen became one of the largest law firms in Japan by its 2007 merger with a domestic law firm headed by Hideyuki Sakai, a top insolvency specialist. Unlike most foreign firms in Japan which have minimal domestic practices, Bingham's Tokyo office was predominantly staffed by Japanese attorneys and handled domestic matters such as the restructuring of Olympus Corporation, although it hired a number of foreign attorneys since 2012 in an attempt to strengthen its outbound and cross-border practice and to expand in other legal fields such as intellectual property and investment funds.",1,null,133,false,"96_8_MARCO_5726018","MARCO_5726018","96_8_MARCO_6802777","MARCO_6802777","96_8_CAR_fa3a95f6c32b383c2227445a6b771a808c6cdfa5","CAR_fa3a95f6c32b383c2227445a6b771a808c6cdfa5",null,"What is the salary of working in foreign law firms in Tokyo?","CAR_3b6cf6d401a4579716bdd8c4aa49ed183f95a4b1","96_8_CAR_3b6cf6d401a4579716bdd8c4aa49ed183f95a4b1","The Tokyo office of Bingham McCutchen became one of the largest law firms in Japan by its 2007 merger with a domestic law firm headed by Hideyuki Sakai, a top insolvency specialist. Unlike most foreign firms in Japan which have minimal domestic practices, Bingham's Tokyo office was predominantly staffed by Japanese attorneys and handled domestic matters such as the restructuring of Olympus Corporation, although it hired a number of foreign attorneys since 2012 in an attempt to strengthen its outbound and cross-border practice and to expand in other legal fields such as intellectual property and investment funds.",1]
["Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","97_1","Who are the Pittsburgh Steelers' rivals?","The Pittsburgh Steelers have three primary rivals, all within their division: (Cleveland Browns, Baltimore Ravens, and Cincinnati Bengals). They also have rivalries with other teams that arose from post-season battles in the past, most notably the New England Patriots, Oakland Raiders, Tennessee Titans and Dallas Cowboys. They also have an intrastate rivalry with the Philadelphia Eagles, but under the current scheduling the teams play each other only once every four years.",4,null,"Who are the playoff rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","The Raiders–Steelers rivalry is a National Football League (NFL) rivalry between the Oakland Raiders and Pittsburgh Steelers. The bitter rivalry started with the Steelers' first playoff win over the Raiders by way of Franco Harris's Immaculate Reception on December 23, 1972. The two teams met in the playoffs for five consecutive seasons (1972–76) and is regarded as one of the most bitter rivalries in the history of professional sports. Oakland leads the series 15–13.",2,null,"How are the rival NFL teams of the Steelers?","The Steelers–Titans rivalry is a National Football League rivalry between the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Tennessee Titans that dates back to the 1970s when the Steelers and then-Houston Oilers played in the AFC Central. The two teams were realigned into separate divisions for the 2002 NFL season, however matchups are still considered heated between the two teams.",2,null,"Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","The Pittsburgh Steelers have three primary rivals, all within their division: (Cleveland Browns, Baltimore Ravens, and Cincinnati Bengals). They also have rivalries with other teams that arose from post-season battles in the past, most notably the New England Patriots, Oakland Raiders, Tennessee Titans and Dallas Cowboys. They also have an intrastate rivalry with the Philadelphia Eagles, but under the current scheduling the teams play each other only once every four years.",4,null,134,true,"97_1_CAR_46bfb4abe57cfafd5c03c59a8131b493bc05e944","CAR_46bfb4abe57cfafd5c03c59a8131b493bc05e944","97_1_CAR_446fa8a40d7b93f2d72fa2e613426ae18e15dedc","CAR_446fa8a40d7b93f2d72fa2e613426ae18e15dedc","97_1_CAR_bb9aae0d551e04bf16106db8af537999a4f8a3ec","CAR_bb9aae0d551e04bf16106db8af537999a4f8a3ec",null,"Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","CAR_46bfb4abe57cfafd5c03c59a8131b493bc05e944","97_1_CAR_46bfb4abe57cfafd5c03c59a8131b493bc05e944","The Pittsburgh Steelers have three primary rivals, all within their division: (Cleveland Browns, Baltimore Ravens, and Cincinnati Bengals). They also have rivalries with other teams that arose from post-season battles in the past, most notably the New England Patriots, Oakland Raiders, Tennessee Titans and Dallas Cowboys. They also have an intrastate rivalry with the Philadelphia Eagles, but under the current scheduling the teams play each other only once every four years.",4]
["Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","97_1","Who are the Pittsburgh Steelers' rivals?","Often called the \"Turnpike Rivalry\", the Browns' main rival has long been the Pittsburgh Steelers. Though the Browns dominated this rivalry early in the series (winning the first eight matchups), the Steelers currently have the all-time edge 68–58, making it the oldest rivalry in the AFC. Former Browns owner Art Modell scheduled home games against the Steelers on Saturday night from 1964 to 1970 to help fuel the rivalry. The rivalry has been fueled by the proximity of the two teams, number of championships both teams have won, players and personnel having played and/or coached for both sides, and personal bitterness. Though the rivalry has cooled in Pittsburgh due to the Modell move (as well as the Browns having a 5–24 record against the Steelers since returning to the league in 1999), the Steelers are still top rival for Cleveland.",2,null,"Who are the playoff rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","This was the era of the bitter rivalry between the Pittsburgh Steelers and Raiders. In the 1970s, the Steelers and Raiders during many of those seasons were the two best teams in the AFC and, arguably, the NFL. The Raiders regularly met the Steelers in the playoffs, and the winner of the Steelers-Raiders game went on to win the Super Bowl in 3 of those instances, from 1974 to 1976. The rivalry garnered attention in the sports media, with controversial plays, late hits, accusations and public statements.",2,null,"How are the rival NFL teams of the Steelers?","The Raiders–Steelers rivalry is a National Football League (NFL) rivalry between the Oakland Raiders and Pittsburgh Steelers. The bitter rivalry started with the Steelers' first playoff win over the Raiders by way of Franco Harris's Immaculate Reception on December 23, 1972. The two teams met in the playoffs for five consecutive seasons (1972–76) and is regarded as one of the most bitter rivalries in the history of professional sports. Oakland leads the series 15–13.",2,null,"Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","Often called the \"Turnpike Rivalry\", the Browns' main rival has long been the Pittsburgh Steelers. Though the Browns dominated this rivalry early in the series (winning the first eight matchups), the Steelers currently have the all-time edge 68–58, making it the oldest rivalry in the AFC. Former Browns owner Art Modell scheduled home games against the Steelers on Saturday night from 1964 to 1970 to help fuel the rivalry. The rivalry has been fueled by the proximity of the two teams, number of championships both teams have won, players and personnel having played and/or coached for both sides, and personal bitterness. Though the rivalry has cooled in Pittsburgh due to the Modell move (as well as the Browns having a 5–24 record against the Steelers since returning to the league in 1999), the Steelers are still top rival for Cleveland.",2,null,134,true,"97_1_CAR_6e47a0dd6da34f48fc9ca54eb32b54493cf7c67a","CAR_6e47a0dd6da34f48fc9ca54eb32b54493cf7c67a","97_1_CAR_037f07984f2e3d2525f093508fba808ad2f536af","CAR_037f07984f2e3d2525f093508fba808ad2f536af","97_1_CAR_446fa8a40d7b93f2d72fa2e613426ae18e15dedc","CAR_446fa8a40d7b93f2d72fa2e613426ae18e15dedc",null,"Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","CAR_6e47a0dd6da34f48fc9ca54eb32b54493cf7c67a","97_1_CAR_6e47a0dd6da34f48fc9ca54eb32b54493cf7c67a","Often called the \"Turnpike Rivalry\", the Browns' main rival has long been the Pittsburgh Steelers. Though the Browns dominated this rivalry early in the series (winning the first eight matchups), the Steelers currently have the all-time edge 68–58, making it the oldest rivalry in the AFC. Former Browns owner Art Modell scheduled home games against the Steelers on Saturday night from 1964 to 1970 to help fuel the rivalry. The rivalry has been fueled by the proximity of the two teams, number of championships both teams have won, players and personnel having played and/or coached for both sides, and personal bitterness. Though the rivalry has cooled in Pittsburgh due to the Modell move (as well as the Browns having a 5–24 record against the Steelers since returning to the league in 1999), the Steelers are still top rival for Cleveland.",2]
["Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","97_1","Who are the Pittsburgh Steelers' rivals?","The rivalry is not quite as historic as the Bengals–Browns rivalry, however, many Bengals fans consider the Steelers to be their greatest rivals, much like Cleveland Browns fans. (Steeler fans, however, often consider the Baltimore Ravens as their top rival.) It is disputed which is the more widely bitter rivalry, but this specific rivalry is often ranked as one of the NFL's most bitter, chiefly due to the Steelers having more championships and the events of the 2005 and 2015 wild card playoff games between the two teams. The Steelers lead the series 58-35.",3,null,"Who are the playoff rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","The Pittsburgh Steelers' rivalry with the Raiders has historically been very tight; as of the 2015 season the Raiders lead the rivalry 12 wins to 11, and their playoff rivalry is tied 3–3.  The rivalry was extremely intense during the 1970s. The Steelers knocked the Raiders out of the playoffs in three of four consecutive seasons in the early 1970s (the first loss was the \"Immaculate Reception\" game) until the Raiders finally beat the Steelers in the 1976 AFC Championship (and went on to win Super Bowl XI). During the 1975 AFC Championship game, Raiders strong safety George Atkinson delivered a hit on Pittsburgh wide receiver Lynn Swann that gave him a concussion. When the two teams met in the 1976 season opener, Atkinson hit Swann again and gave him another concussion. After the second incident, Steelers head coach Chuck Noll referred to Atkinson as part of the \"criminal element\" in the NFL. Atkinson filed a $2 million defamation lawsuit against Noll and the Steelers, which he lost. The two clubs' three most recent contests harkened back to the rivalry's history of bitterness and close competition.  On December 6, 2009 the 3–8 Raiders helped spoil the defending champions' quest for the playoffs as the game lead changed five times in the fourth quarter and a Louis Murphy touchdown with 11 seconds to go won it 27–24 for the Raiders.  Oakland was then beaten 35–3 by Pittsburgh on November 21, 2010; this game brought out the roughness of the rivalry's 1970s history when Steelers quarterback Ben Roethlisberger was punched by Raiders defensive end Richard Seymour following a touchdown. Most recently, on November 8, 2015 the Steelers outplayed the Raiders for a 38-35 victory.  During the game the Raiders defense allowed wide receiver Antonio Brown to catch 17 passes for 284 yards.  Both are Steelers team records and the 284 yards is the 7th most yards receiving in a game in NFL history.",2,null,"How are the rival NFL teams of the Steelers?","The Ravens-Steelers rivalry is an American football rivalry between the Baltimore Ravens and the Pittsburgh Steelers. It is widely considered to be one of the most intense rivalries in the National Football League (NFL). Both teams are members of the American Football Conference (AFC) North division, and play at least twice a year, often for divisional supremacy. Both teams are known for fielding tough, hard-hitting defensive squads, giving their games an extra element of physical intensity.",2,null,"Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","The rivalry is not quite as historic as the Bengals–Browns rivalry, however, many Bengals fans consider the Steelers to be their greatest rivals, much like Cleveland Browns fans. (Steeler fans, however, often consider the Baltimore Ravens as their top rival.) It is disputed which is the more widely bitter rivalry, but this specific rivalry is often ranked as one of the NFL's most bitter, chiefly due to the Steelers having more championships and the events of the 2005 and 2015 wild card playoff games between the two teams. The Steelers lead the series 58-35.",3,null,134,true,"97_1_CAR_4a00de6f63f6f2d4954d90e3681f4974c8ac7f79","CAR_4a00de6f63f6f2d4954d90e3681f4974c8ac7f79","97_1_CAR_9f4e06a488f700d1f37df4a42411c3a7375cd16f","CAR_9f4e06a488f700d1f37df4a42411c3a7375cd16f","97_1_CAR_ea78f40554a9523af31bbe43de2eff1fa6879cd4","CAR_ea78f40554a9523af31bbe43de2eff1fa6879cd4",null,"Who are the rivals of the Pittsburgh Steelers?","CAR_4a00de6f63f6f2d4954d90e3681f4974c8ac7f79","97_1_CAR_4a00de6f63f6f2d4954d90e3681f4974c8ac7f79","The rivalry is not quite as historic as the Bengals–Browns rivalry, however, many Bengals fans consider the Steelers to be their greatest rivals, much like Cleveland Browns fans. (Steeler fans, however, often consider the Baltimore Ravens as their top rival.) It is disputed which is the more widely bitter rivalry, but this specific rivalry is often ranked as one of the NFL's most bitter, chiefly due to the Steelers having more championships and the events of the 2005 and 2015 wild card playoff games between the two teams. The Steelers lead the series 58-35.",3]
["What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","97_2","What were the top 5 Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers games?","Pittsburgh advanced to the Super Bowl with two close wins in the playoffs.  After a first-round bye, the Steelers defeated their division rival, the number 5 Baltimore Ravens 31–24, with Ben Roethlisberger's 58-yard completion to Antonio Brown on third down and 19 setting up Rashard Mendenhall's game winning 2-yard touchdown run with 1:33 left in the game.  Roethlisberger finished with 226 passing yards and two touchdowns, while the defense forced three turnovers and sacked Baltimore QB Joe Flacco five times, three by James Harrison.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What are some famous games between the Baltimore Ravens and Pittsburgh Pittsburgh?","The Ravens-Steelers rivalry is an American football rivalry between the Baltimore Ravens and the Pittsburgh Steelers. It is widely considered to be one of the most intense rivalries in the National Football League (NFL). Both teams are members of the American Football Conference (AFC) North division, and play at least twice a year, often for divisional supremacy. Both teams are known for fielding tough, hard-hitting defensive squads, giving their games an extra element of physical intensity.",0,null,"What are some memorable football games between Pittsburgh Steelers and Baltimore Ravens?","In 2010, Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin called the Ravens–Steelers rivalry the best rivalry in football during a press conference and on the ESPN show Pardon the Interruption.  Ravens head coach John Harbaugh later agreed with this assessment. The Ravens and Steelers met three times again in the 2010 NFL season, with the Ravens winning the first game and the Steelers winning the last two, including the divisional playoff game. On the opening Sunday of the 2011 NFL season, the Ravens forced seven turnovers and routed the Steelers 35–7 at M&T Bank Stadium to avenge their divisional playoff loss to the Steelers from January. During Week 9 of the season, the Steelers were on the verge of winning their game against the Ravens at Heinz Field. The Steelers were ready to potentially increase their lead with a 47-yard field goal kick by Shaun Suisham, but a five-yard delay of game penalty put them out of field goal range and they instead decided to punt the ball to the Ravens. In the end, Joe Flacco threw a 26-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Torrey Smith in the end zone with just eight seconds remaining, giving the Ravens the win and a season sweep of the Steelers. This would also be the last time Ravens linebacker Ray Lewis would play against the Steelers, as he was injured during the teams' two meetings in 2012 and retired following his win in Super Bowl XLVII.",4,null,"What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","In 2009, the Ravens won their first three matches, then lost the next three, including a close match in Minnesota. The rest of the season was an uneven string of wins and losses, which included a home victory over Pittsburgh in overtime followed by a Monday Night loss in Green Bay. That game was notable for the huge number of penalties committed, costing a total of 310 yards, and almost tying with the record set by Tampa Bay and Seattle in 1976. Afterwards, the Ravens easily crushed the Lions and Bears, giving up less than ten points in both games. The next match was against the Steelers, where Baltimore lost a close one before beating the Raiders to end the season. With a record of 9–7, the team finished second in the division and gained another wild card. Moving into the playoffs, they overwhelmed the Patriots; nevertheless they did not reach the AFC Championship because they were routed 20–3 by the Colts in the divisional round a week later.",2,null,135,false,"97_2_CAR_8b9eb3ef02f3bb342d587607a6da2a0dbc7c0141","CAR_8b9eb3ef02f3bb342d587607a6da2a0dbc7c0141","97_2_CAR_ea78f40554a9523af31bbe43de2eff1fa6879cd4","CAR_ea78f40554a9523af31bbe43de2eff1fa6879cd4","97_2_CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de","CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de",null,"What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","CAR_64de33ef2000efea3d2ff50efcd91d3f5b9a5784","97_2_CAR_64de33ef2000efea3d2ff50efcd91d3f5b9a5784","In 2009, the Ravens won their first three matches, then lost the next three, including a close match in Minnesota. The rest of the season was an uneven string of wins and losses, which included a home victory over Pittsburgh in overtime followed by a Monday Night loss in Green Bay. That game was notable for the huge number of penalties committed, costing a total of 310 yards, and almost tying with the record set by Tampa Bay and Seattle in 1976. Afterwards, the Ravens easily crushed the Lions and Bears, giving up less than ten points in both games. The next match was against the Steelers, where Baltimore lost a close one before beating the Raiders to end the season. With a record of 9–7, the team finished second in the division and gained another wild card. Moving into the playoffs, they overwhelmed the Patriots; nevertheless they did not reach the AFC Championship because they were routed 20–3 by the Colts in the divisional round a week later.",2]
["What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","97_2","What were the top 5 Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers games?","The 2–1 Steelers hosted the 0–3 Ravens at Heinz Field for a prime-time game in Week 4 of the 2015 NFL season. With Roethlisberger injured, the Steelers started Michael Vick in the contest. The Steelers built a 20–7 lead by the third quarter, but the Ravens were able to rally and bring the game into overtime 20–20, with 13 unanswered points by the offense and two missed field goals by Steelers' kicker Josh Scobee. Ravens' kicker Justin Tucker won the game on a 52-yard field goal to give the Ravens their first win of the year, also improving the Ravens' record to 4–1 against the Steelers in overtime games. The two teams met again at M&T Bank Stadium in Week 16 for their second meeting of the season. The Ravens started Ryan Mallett in the game since Joe Flacco had suffered a season-ending injury several weeks before. Despite being big underdogs due to injuries and a subpar record, the Ravens were able to complete a sweep of the Steelers with a 20–17 victory.",4,null,"What are some famous games between the Baltimore Ravens and Pittsburgh Pittsburgh?","The Ravens and Steelers first met on September 8, 1996, at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which resulted in a 31–17 win for the Steelers. Later in the 1996 NFL season, on December 1, the Ravens beat the Steelers by the same score of 31–17 at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore, Maryland. After splitting the games in their first season together, the Steelers would go on to mostly dominate the series in the early years, winning nine of thirteen meetings before the AFC Central was restructured into the AFC North in 2002.",2,null,"What are some memorable football games between Pittsburgh Steelers and Baltimore Ravens?","The Ravens and Steelers first met on September 8, 1996, at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which resulted in a 31–17 win for the Steelers. Later in the 1996 NFL season, on December 1, the Ravens beat the Steelers by the same score of 31–17 at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore, Maryland. After splitting the games in their first season together, the Steelers would go on to mostly dominate the series in the early years, winning nine of thirteen meetings before the AFC Central was restructured into the AFC North in 2002.",2,null,"What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","The Ravens-Steelers rivalry is an American football rivalry between the Baltimore Ravens and the Pittsburgh Steelers. It is widely considered to be one of the most intense rivalries in the National Football League (NFL). Both teams are members of the American Football Conference (AFC) North division, and play at least twice a year, often for divisional supremacy. Both teams are known for fielding tough, hard-hitting defensive squads, giving their games an extra element of physical intensity.",0,null,135,false,"97_2_CAR_bfbe413e78e5b57ce463e2927dbc521a451783df","CAR_bfbe413e78e5b57ce463e2927dbc521a451783df","97_2_CAR_558ae95c446bb998add5287966d420372db3a2b5","CAR_558ae95c446bb998add5287966d420372db3a2b5","97_2_CAR_558ae95c446bb998add5287966d420372db3a2b5","CAR_558ae95c446bb998add5287966d420372db3a2b5",null,"What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","CAR_ea78f40554a9523af31bbe43de2eff1fa6879cd4","97_2_CAR_ea78f40554a9523af31bbe43de2eff1fa6879cd4","The Ravens-Steelers rivalry is an American football rivalry between the Baltimore Ravens and the Pittsburgh Steelers. It is widely considered to be one of the most intense rivalries in the National Football League (NFL). Both teams are members of the American Football Conference (AFC) North division, and play at least twice a year, often for divisional supremacy. Both teams are known for fielding tough, hard-hitting defensive squads, giving their games an extra element of physical intensity.",0]
["What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","97_2","What were the top 5 Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers games?","Entering the postseason as the AFC's No. 2 seed, the Steelers began their playoff run at home in the AFC Divisional Round against their AFC North rival, the No. 5 Baltimore Ravens, for the third time in the season.  Pittsburgh delivered the game's opening strike in the first quarter with a 1-yard touchdown run from running back Rashard Mendenhall.  The Ravens took the lead with running back Ray Rice getting a 14-yard touchdown run, followed by defensive end Cory Redding returning a fumble 13 yards for a touchdown.  Baltimore added onto their lead in the second quarter as quarterback Joe Flacco completed a 4-yard touchdown pass to tight end Todd Heap.",0,null,"What are some famous games between the Baltimore Ravens and Pittsburgh Pittsburgh?","By far the team's biggest rival is the Pittsburgh Steelers. Pittsburgh and Baltimore are separated by a less-than-5-hour drive along Interstate 70. Both teams are known for their hard-hitting physical style of play. They play twice a year in the AFC North, and have met four times in the playoffs. Games between these two teams usually come down to the wire as most within the last 5 years have come down to 3 points or less.The rivalry is considered one of the most significant and intense in the NFL today.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are some memorable football games between Pittsburgh Steelers and Baltimore Ravens?","The 2–1 Steelers hosted the 0–3 Ravens at Heinz Field for a prime-time game in Week 4 of the 2015 NFL season. With Roethlisberger injured, the Steelers started Michael Vick in the contest. The Steelers built a 20–7 lead by the third quarter, but the Ravens were able to rally and bring the game into overtime 20–20, with 13 unanswered points by the offense and two missed field goals by Steelers' kicker Josh Scobee. Ravens' kicker Justin Tucker won the game on a 52-yard field goal to give the Ravens their first win of the year, also improving the Ravens' record to 4–1 against the Steelers in overtime games. The two teams met again at M&T Bank Stadium in Week 16 for their second meeting of the season. The Ravens started Ryan Mallett in the game since Joe Flacco had suffered a season-ending injury several weeks before. Despite being big underdogs due to injuries and a subpar record, the Ravens were able to complete a sweep of the Steelers with a 20–17 victory.",4,null,"What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","The Ravens and Steelers first met on September 8, 1996, at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which resulted in a 31–17 win for the Steelers. Later in the 1996 NFL season, on December 1, the Ravens beat the Steelers by the same score of 31–17 at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore, Maryland. After splitting the games in their first season together, the Steelers would go on to mostly dominate the series in the early years, winning nine of thirteen meetings before the AFC Central was restructured into the AFC North in 2002.",2,null,135,false,"97_2_CAR_c6f1e9553a37905f8786f014e240009da8cf9ee5","CAR_c6f1e9553a37905f8786f014e240009da8cf9ee5","97_2_CAR_346224f00c74f5ee0630bde5d6928d16c4b24a64","CAR_346224f00c74f5ee0630bde5d6928d16c4b24a64","97_2_CAR_bfbe413e78e5b57ce463e2927dbc521a451783df","CAR_bfbe413e78e5b57ce463e2927dbc521a451783df",null,"What are notable games between Baltimore Ravens versus Pittsburgh Steelers","CAR_558ae95c446bb998add5287966d420372db3a2b5","97_2_CAR_558ae95c446bb998add5287966d420372db3a2b5","The Ravens and Steelers first met on September 8, 1996, at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which resulted in a 31–17 win for the Steelers. Later in the 1996 NFL season, on December 1, the Ravens beat the Steelers by the same score of 31–17 at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore, Maryland. After splitting the games in their first season together, the Steelers would go on to mostly dominate the series in the early years, winning nine of thirteen meetings before the AFC Central was restructured into the AFC North in 2002.",2]
["What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","97_3","What is the greatest moment in the Ravens vs. Steelers rivalry?","One of the rivalry's most memorable moments was Ravens linebacker Terrell Suggs being quoted as saying that a \"bounty\" was put out on the head of Steelers wide receiver Hines Ward. The bounty controversy was cleared up when Suggs insisted his words were just meant as a joke. The NFL investigated, and Suggs was cleared of any wrongdoing.",4,null,"What are some truly memorable moments in the Ravens and Steelers' history?","One of the rivalry's most memorable moments was Ravens linebacker Terrell Suggs being quoted as saying that a \"bounty\" was put out on the head of Steelers wide receiver Hines Ward. The bounty controversy was cleared up when Suggs insisted his words were just meant as a joke. The NFL investigated, and Suggs was cleared of any wrongdoing.",4,null,"What were the most interesting moments in the Ravens versus Steeler's past?","One of the rivalry's most memorable moments was Ravens linebacker Terrell Suggs being quoted as saying that a \"bounty\" was put out on the head of Steelers wide receiver Hines Ward. The bounty controversy was cleared up when Suggs insisted his words were just meant as a joke. The NFL investigated, and Suggs was cleared of any wrongdoing.",4,null,"What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","One of the rivalry's most memorable moments was Ravens linebacker Terrell Suggs being quoted as saying that a \"bounty\" was put out on the head of Steelers wide receiver Hines Ward. The bounty controversy was cleared up when Suggs insisted his words were just meant as a joke. The NFL investigated, and Suggs was cleared of any wrongdoing.",4,null,136,true,"97_3_CAR_e40edc84982c28e202a1e068cb6a19e0a7b86c9c","CAR_e40edc84982c28e202a1e068cb6a19e0a7b86c9c","97_3_CAR_e40edc84982c28e202a1e068cb6a19e0a7b86c9c","CAR_e40edc84982c28e202a1e068cb6a19e0a7b86c9c","97_3_CAR_e40edc84982c28e202a1e068cb6a19e0a7b86c9c","CAR_e40edc84982c28e202a1e068cb6a19e0a7b86c9c",null,"What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","CAR_e40edc84982c28e202a1e068cb6a19e0a7b86c9c","97_3_CAR_e40edc84982c28e202a1e068cb6a19e0a7b86c9c","One of the rivalry's most memorable moments was Ravens linebacker Terrell Suggs being quoted as saying that a \"bounty\" was put out on the head of Steelers wide receiver Hines Ward. The bounty controversy was cleared up when Suggs insisted his words were just meant as a joke. The NFL investigated, and Suggs was cleared of any wrongdoing.",4]
["What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","97_3","What is the greatest moment in the Ravens vs. Steelers rivalry?","In 2010, Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin called the Ravens–Steelers rivalry the best rivalry in football during a press conference and on the ESPN show Pardon the Interruption.  Ravens head coach John Harbaugh later agreed with this assessment. The Ravens and Steelers met three times again in the 2010 NFL season, with the Ravens winning the first game and the Steelers winning the last two, including the divisional playoff game. On the opening Sunday of the 2011 NFL season, the Ravens forced seven turnovers and routed the Steelers 35–7 at M&T Bank Stadium to avenge their divisional playoff loss to the Steelers from January. During Week 9 of the season, the Steelers were on the verge of winning their game against the Ravens at Heinz Field. The Steelers were ready to potentially increase their lead with a 47-yard field goal kick by Shaun Suisham, but a five-yard delay of game penalty put them out of field goal range and they instead decided to punt the ball to the Ravens. In the end, Joe Flacco threw a 26-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Torrey Smith in the end zone with just eight seconds remaining, giving the Ravens the win and a season sweep of the Steelers. This would also be the last time Ravens linebacker Ray Lewis would play against the Steelers, as he was injured during the teams' two meetings in 2012 and retired following his win in Super Bowl XLVII.",4,null,"What are some truly memorable moments in the Ravens and Steelers' history?","Even with the competitive slide of the Raiders, the games between the two clubs have still seen memorable moments. The Raiders in 2009 rallied to defeat the Steelers 27–24 in a game where the two teams combined for five touchdowns in the fourth quarter, the game lead changed hands on all five, and the game winner by future Steelers backup quarterback Bruce Gradkowski came with nine seconds to go in the fourth. A year later the Steelers routed the Raiders 35–3 in a game famous for a brawl following a sucker-punch of Steelers quarterback Ben Roethlisberger by the Raiders' Richard Seymour.",0,null,"What were the most interesting moments in the Ravens versus Steeler's past?","In 2010, Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin called the Ravens–Steelers rivalry the best rivalry in football during a press conference and on the ESPN show Pardon the Interruption.  Ravens head coach John Harbaugh later agreed with this assessment. The Ravens and Steelers met three times again in the 2010 NFL season, with the Ravens winning the first game and the Steelers winning the last two, including the divisional playoff game. On the opening Sunday of the 2011 NFL season, the Ravens forced seven turnovers and routed the Steelers 35–7 at M&T Bank Stadium to avenge their divisional playoff loss to the Steelers from January. During Week 9 of the season, the Steelers were on the verge of winning their game against the Ravens at Heinz Field. The Steelers were ready to potentially increase their lead with a 47-yard field goal kick by Shaun Suisham, but a five-yard delay of game penalty put them out of field goal range and they instead decided to punt the ball to the Ravens. In the end, Joe Flacco threw a 26-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Torrey Smith in the end zone with just eight seconds remaining, giving the Ravens the win and a season sweep of the Steelers. This would also be the last time Ravens linebacker Ray Lewis would play against the Steelers, as he was injured during the teams' two meetings in 2012 and retired following his win in Super Bowl XLVII.",4,null,"What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","The rivalry saw a rare moment of peace on September 23, 2012, when Ravens receiver Torrey Smith received news that his brother died in a motorcycle accident early in the morning. Following an inspired, two-touchdown and 127-yard performance in a 31–30 win over the New England Patriots, Smith noted that several players across the NFL, including members of the Pittsburgh Steelers, had contacted him to express their condolences. In the 2012 NFL season, the Ravens and Steelers split their games; the road team won each meeting with a Ravens win at Heinz Field and a Steelers win at M&T Bank Stadium.",2,null,136,true,"97_3_CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de","CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de","97_3_CAR_ad61c889de1044c883852a05feff5b82810723df","CAR_ad61c889de1044c883852a05feff5b82810723df","97_3_CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de","CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de",null,"What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","CAR_b353525a63e51edc08c24f2b755298f5c8d54c43","97_3_CAR_b353525a63e51edc08c24f2b755298f5c8d54c43","The rivalry saw a rare moment of peace on September 23, 2012, when Ravens receiver Torrey Smith received news that his brother died in a motorcycle accident early in the morning. Following an inspired, two-touchdown and 127-yard performance in a 31–30 win over the New England Patriots, Smith noted that several players across the NFL, including members of the Pittsburgh Steelers, had contacted him to express their condolences. In the 2012 NFL season, the Ravens and Steelers split their games; the road team won each meeting with a Ravens win at Heinz Field and a Steelers win at M&T Bank Stadium.",2]
["What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","97_3","What is the greatest moment in the Ravens vs. Steelers rivalry?","The rivalry saw a rare moment of peace on September 23, 2012, when Ravens receiver Torrey Smith received news that his brother died in a motorcycle accident early in the morning. Following an inspired, two-touchdown and 127-yard performance in a 31–30 win over the New England Patriots, Smith noted that several players across the NFL, including members of the Pittsburgh Steelers, had contacted him to express their condolences. In the 2012 NFL season, the Ravens and Steelers split their games; the road team won each meeting with a Ravens win at Heinz Field and a Steelers win at M&T Bank Stadium.",2,null,"What are some truly memorable moments in the Ravens and Steelers' history?","Steelers fans and players feared that Bettis was about to end his career with the same ignominy that followed Pisarcik. Several plays later, however, Colts kicker Mike Vanderjagt wound up the game's goat, evoking another memorable football moment when he missed what would have been the tying field goal, ending what had been a strong season for his team. The Steelers eventually went on to a Super Bowl victory that year, and the play would instead enter NFL lore as \"The Tackle II\".",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What were the most interesting moments in the Ravens versus Steeler's past?","On October 20, 2013, at Heinz Field, the Steelers won 19–16 on a Shaun Suisham field goal as time expired after Ben Roethlisberger drove the Steelers into field goal range.  With the win, Roethlisberger continued his dominance against the Ravens by extending his record to 10–4 against them, and 7–2 since Flacco became the Ravens quarterback, including 2–0 in the playoffs. Later that year, the two teams met at M&T Bank Stadium for a prime-time match-up on Thanksgiving Day, giving the Ravens their second Thanksgiving game in three years and the Steelers their first Thanksgiving game since the infamous Jerome Bettis coin-toss fiasco in . It was also the first time the two teams played each other on Thanksgiving. The Ravens won the game 22–20 in a nail biter, preventing a last-minute 2-point conversion, and forcing a split between the rivals in the 2013 NFL season. The game also included an infamous moment when Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin interfered on the sidelines with what would have possibly been a return touchdown by Jacoby Jones, eventually resulting in a $100,000 fine.",4,null,"What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","In 2010, Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin called the Ravens–Steelers rivalry the best rivalry in football during a press conference and on the ESPN show Pardon the Interruption.  Ravens head coach John Harbaugh later agreed with this assessment. The Ravens and Steelers met three times again in the 2010 NFL season, with the Ravens winning the first game and the Steelers winning the last two, including the divisional playoff game. On the opening Sunday of the 2011 NFL season, the Ravens forced seven turnovers and routed the Steelers 35–7 at M&T Bank Stadium to avenge their divisional playoff loss to the Steelers from January. During Week 9 of the season, the Steelers were on the verge of winning their game against the Ravens at Heinz Field. The Steelers were ready to potentially increase their lead with a 47-yard field goal kick by Shaun Suisham, but a five-yard delay of game penalty put them out of field goal range and they instead decided to punt the ball to the Ravens. In the end, Joe Flacco threw a 26-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Torrey Smith in the end zone with just eight seconds remaining, giving the Ravens the win and a season sweep of the Steelers. This would also be the last time Ravens linebacker Ray Lewis would play against the Steelers, as he was injured during the teams' two meetings in 2012 and retired following his win in Super Bowl XLVII.",4,null,136,true,"97_3_CAR_b353525a63e51edc08c24f2b755298f5c8d54c43","CAR_b353525a63e51edc08c24f2b755298f5c8d54c43","97_3_CAR_5cf9ec97862927b55e3271349fe4b76ab43ab36d","CAR_5cf9ec97862927b55e3271349fe4b76ab43ab36d","97_3_CAR_1590f3e8ebc3e589ef2006b1efb5c056a2af74dc","CAR_1590f3e8ebc3e589ef2006b1efb5c056a2af74dc",null,"What are notable moments in the Ravens and Steelers rivalry?","CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de","97_3_CAR_e31b27a3e0fea87cd402c471d18d05a5bb3c09de","In 2010, Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin called the Ravens–Steelers rivalry the best rivalry in football during a press conference and on the ESPN show Pardon the Interruption.  Ravens head coach John Harbaugh later agreed with this assessment. The Ravens and Steelers met three times again in the 2010 NFL season, with the Ravens winning the first game and the Steelers winning the last two, including the divisional playoff game. On the opening Sunday of the 2011 NFL season, the Ravens forced seven turnovers and routed the Steelers 35–7 at M&T Bank Stadium to avenge their divisional playoff loss to the Steelers from January. During Week 9 of the season, the Steelers were on the verge of winning their game against the Ravens at Heinz Field. The Steelers were ready to potentially increase their lead with a 47-yard field goal kick by Shaun Suisham, but a five-yard delay of game penalty put them out of field goal range and they instead decided to punt the ball to the Ravens. In the end, Joe Flacco threw a 26-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Torrey Smith in the end zone with just eight seconds remaining, giving the Ravens the win and a season sweep of the Steelers. This would also be the last time Ravens linebacker Ray Lewis would play against the Steelers, as he was injured during the teams' two meetings in 2012 and retired following his win in Super Bowl XLVII.",4]
["Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","97_4","What do you think about Polamalu's interception in the 2008 AFC championship game?","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4,null,"What was Polamalu's interception in the 2008 AFC championship game?","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4,null,"What did Polamalu's interceptions mean in the 2008 AFC championship game?","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4,null,"Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4,null,137,false,"97_4_CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","97_4_CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","97_4_CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba",null,"Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","97_4_CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4]
["Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","97_4","What do you think about Polamalu's interception in the 2008 AFC championship game?","The rivalry became more competitive and fierce and reached a new height of intensity during the 2008 NFL season, when the Steelers and Ravens played three times, the final match being the AFC Championship.  The Steelers won all three games, by close margins. In Week 15, the Steelers won with a controversial score late in the game.  In the playoff game, a personal foul by special teams player Daren Stone cost the Ravens 25 yards. The game's last score was an interception that was returned for a touchdown by Troy Polamalu, sealing a 23–14 victory for Pittsburgh. In that same game the Steelers' Ryan Clark delivered a concussion-inducing, but legal hit on the Ravens' Willis McGahee that left Clark briefly out cold and forced McGahee to spend the night in a Pittsburgh hospital. The Steelers went on to win Super Bowl XLIII against the Arizona Cardinals.",4,null,"What was Polamalu's interception in the 2008 AFC championship game?","The rivalry became more competitive and fierce and reached a new height of intensity during the 2008 NFL season, when the Steelers and Ravens played three times, the final match being the AFC Championship.  The Steelers won all three games, by close margins. In Week 15, the Steelers won with a controversial score late in the game.  In the playoff game, a personal foul by special teams player Daren Stone cost the Ravens 25 yards. The game's last score was an interception that was returned for a touchdown by Troy Polamalu, sealing a 23–14 victory for Pittsburgh. In that same game the Steelers' Ryan Clark delivered a concussion-inducing, but legal hit on the Ravens' Willis McGahee that left Clark briefly out cold and forced McGahee to spend the night in a Pittsburgh hospital. The Steelers went on to win Super Bowl XLIII against the Arizona Cardinals.",4,null,"What did Polamalu's interceptions mean in the 2008 AFC championship game?","The rivalry became more competitive and fierce and reached a new height of intensity during the 2008 NFL season, when the Steelers and Ravens played three times, the final match being the AFC Championship.  The Steelers won all three games, by close margins. In Week 15, the Steelers won with a controversial score late in the game.  In the playoff game, a personal foul by special teams player Daren Stone cost the Ravens 25 yards. The game's last score was an interception that was returned for a touchdown by Troy Polamalu, sealing a 23–14 victory for Pittsburgh. In that same game the Steelers' Ryan Clark delivered a concussion-inducing, but legal hit on the Ravens' Willis McGahee that left Clark briefly out cold and forced McGahee to spend the night in a Pittsburgh hospital. The Steelers went on to win Super Bowl XLIII against the Arizona Cardinals.",4,null,"Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","The rivalry became more competitive and fierce and reached a new height of intensity during the 2008 NFL season, when the Steelers and Ravens played three times, the final match being the AFC Championship.  The Steelers won all three games, by close margins. In Week 15, the Steelers won with a controversial score late in the game.  In the playoff game, a personal foul by special teams player Daren Stone cost the Ravens 25 yards. The game's last score was an interception that was returned for a touchdown by Troy Polamalu, sealing a 23–14 victory for Pittsburgh. In that same game the Steelers' Ryan Clark delivered a concussion-inducing, but legal hit on the Ravens' Willis McGahee that left Clark briefly out cold and forced McGahee to spend the night in a Pittsburgh hospital. The Steelers went on to win Super Bowl XLIII against the Arizona Cardinals.",4,null,137,false,"97_4_CAR_71ed7fc6d6da727737e614b8cb20a017096ea41f","CAR_71ed7fc6d6da727737e614b8cb20a017096ea41f","97_4_CAR_71ed7fc6d6da727737e614b8cb20a017096ea41f","CAR_71ed7fc6d6da727737e614b8cb20a017096ea41f","97_4_CAR_71ed7fc6d6da727737e614b8cb20a017096ea41f","CAR_71ed7fc6d6da727737e614b8cb20a017096ea41f",null,"Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","CAR_71ed7fc6d6da727737e614b8cb20a017096ea41f","97_4_CAR_71ed7fc6d6da727737e614b8cb20a017096ea41f","The rivalry became more competitive and fierce and reached a new height of intensity during the 2008 NFL season, when the Steelers and Ravens played three times, the final match being the AFC Championship.  The Steelers won all three games, by close margins. In Week 15, the Steelers won with a controversial score late in the game.  In the playoff game, a personal foul by special teams player Daren Stone cost the Ravens 25 yards. The game's last score was an interception that was returned for a touchdown by Troy Polamalu, sealing a 23–14 victory for Pittsburgh. In that same game the Steelers' Ryan Clark delivered a concussion-inducing, but legal hit on the Ravens' Willis McGahee that left Clark briefly out cold and forced McGahee to spend the night in a Pittsburgh hospital. The Steelers went on to win Super Bowl XLIII against the Arizona Cardinals.",4]
["Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","97_4","What do you think about Polamalu's interception in the 2008 AFC championship game?","The Chiefs managed one touchdown in the game, coming from Larry Johnson in the third quarter.  Following a 49-yard interception by safety Troy Polamalu, Larry Johnson stopped Polamalu by tackling him from his long hair.  Johnson was not penalized for pulling Polamalu down, but by pulling him back up by his hair (a 15-yard penalty for unsportsmanlike conduct).",0,null,"What was Polamalu's interception in the 2008 AFC championship game?","The Chiefs managed one touchdown in the game, coming from Larry Johnson in the third quarter.  Following a 49-yard interception by safety Troy Polamalu, Larry Johnson stopped Polamalu by tackling him from his long hair.  Johnson was not penalized for pulling Polamalu down, but by pulling him back up by his hair (a 15-yard penalty for unsportsmanlike conduct).",0,null,"What did Polamalu's interceptions mean in the 2008 AFC championship game?","The Chiefs managed one touchdown in the game, coming from Larry Johnson in the third quarter.  Following a 49-yard interception by safety Troy Polamalu, Larry Johnson stopped Polamalu by tackling him from his long hair.  Johnson was not penalized for pulling Polamalu down, but by pulling him back up by his hair (a 15-yard penalty for unsportsmanlike conduct).",0,null,"Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","Midway through the third quarter, Pittsburgh drove 51 yards and scored with Reed's third field goal of the game, making the score 16–7. But in the fourth quarter, the Ravens took advantage of another key special teams play when Mitch Berger's punt went just 21 yards to the Baltimore 42-yard line. Flacco then led the Ravens 58 yards, completing 4 of 4 passes for 44 yards on the way to a 1-yard touchdown run by McGahee, cutting their deficit to 16–14. Baltimore's defense subsequently forced a punt and got the ball back on their own 14-yard line with just over six minutes left in the game. But four plays later, safety Troy Polamalu intercepted a pass from Flacco, ran all the way across the field, and took off for a 40-yard touchdown return, making the score 23–14. Pittsburgh then put the game away by forcing two more turnovers on the Ravens next two drives. First, a hit by Ryan Clark on McGahee forced a fumble that was recovered by linebacker Lawrence Timmons; McGahee suffered a concussion and was removed from the field on a stretcher. Then after a punt, Tyrone Carter intercepted a pass from Flacco with less than a minute left in the game.",4,null,137,false,"97_4_CAR_c0e387deb6d1a69ac2af49ccd0e83c7b898ecceb","CAR_c0e387deb6d1a69ac2af49ccd0e83c7b898ecceb","97_4_CAR_c0e387deb6d1a69ac2af49ccd0e83c7b898ecceb","CAR_c0e387deb6d1a69ac2af49ccd0e83c7b898ecceb","97_4_CAR_c0e387deb6d1a69ac2af49ccd0e83c7b898ecceb","CAR_c0e387deb6d1a69ac2af49ccd0e83c7b898ecceb",null,"Tell me more about Polamalu's Interception versus Ravens in the 2008 AFC Championship game.","CAR_6fb80f84a668b7a966ea68b1b223cc6466d5f101","97_4_CAR_6fb80f84a668b7a966ea68b1b223cc6466d5f101","Midway through the third quarter, Pittsburgh drove 51 yards and scored with Reed's third field goal of the game, making the score 16–7. But in the fourth quarter, the Ravens took advantage of another key special teams play when Mitch Berger's punt went just 21 yards to the Baltimore 42-yard line. Flacco then led the Ravens 58 yards, completing 4 of 4 passes for 44 yards on the way to a 1-yard touchdown run by McGahee, cutting their deficit to 16–14. Baltimore's defense subsequently forced a punt and got the ball back on their own 14-yard line with just over six minutes left in the game. But four plays later, safety Troy Polamalu intercepted a pass from Flacco, ran all the way across the field, and took off for a 40-yard touchdown return, making the score 23–14. Pittsburgh then put the game away by forcing two more turnovers on the Ravens next two drives. First, a hit by Ryan Clark on McGahee forced a fumble that was recovered by linebacker Lawrence Timmons; McGahee suffered a concussion and was removed from the field on a stretcher. Then after a punt, Tyrone Carter intercepted a pass from Flacco with less than a minute left in the game.",4]
["How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","97_5","What is your opinion about Polamalu's Interception return for a touchdown?","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4,null,"Was Polamalu's interception return touchdown impressive?","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4,null,"What is your opinion on Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4,null,"How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4,null,138,true,"97_5_CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","97_5_CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","97_5_CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba",null,"How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","97_5_CAR_cdcdb70ce559cd3592dcc5f0bf6352705764bbba","Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.",4]
["How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","97_5","What is your opinion about Polamalu's Interception return for a touchdown?","In the 2010 season opener against the Atlanta Falcons, Polamalu made a possible game-saving interception with 1:45 left in the game. The Steelers went on to win in overtime. In week 13 of 2010, Polamalu made a game-changing play against the Baltimore Ravens by forcing a fumble with a sack to set up a 9-yard touchdown pass to Isaac Redman with 2:51 left to give the Steelers a 13-10 victory. In week 14 against the Cincinnati Bengals, Polamalu cut in front of intended receiver Terrell Owens to intercept a Carson Palmer pass and returned it 45 yards for a touchdown. Polamalu re-injured an ankle on this interception, but stayed in the game. He recorded another interception later in the game. He missed the next two games with an ankle injury but returned for the last game of the season against the Cleveland Browns. In that game, he intercepted Colt McCoy before being pulled from the game when the Steelers were leading by over 30 points. It gave him his 7th interception of the year.",2,null,"Was Polamalu's interception return touchdown impressive?","In the 2010 season opener against the Atlanta Falcons, Polamalu made a possible game-saving interception with 1:45 left in the game. The Steelers went on to win in overtime. In week 13 of 2010, Polamalu made a game-changing play against the Baltimore Ravens by forcing a fumble with a sack to set up a 9-yard touchdown pass to Isaac Redman with 2:51 left to give the Steelers a 13-10 victory. In week 14 against the Cincinnati Bengals, Polamalu cut in front of intended receiver Terrell Owens to intercept a Carson Palmer pass and returned it 45 yards for a touchdown. Polamalu re-injured an ankle on this interception, but stayed in the game. He recorded another interception later in the game. He missed the next two games with an ankle injury but returned for the last game of the season against the Cleveland Browns. In that game, he intercepted Colt McCoy before being pulled from the game when the Steelers were leading by over 30 points. It gave him his 7th interception of the year.",2,null,"What is your opinion on Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","In the 2010 season opener against the Atlanta Falcons, Polamalu made a possible game-saving interception with 1:45 left in the game. The Steelers went on to win in overtime. In week 13 of 2010, Polamalu made a game-changing play against the Baltimore Ravens by forcing a fumble with a sack to set up a 9-yard touchdown pass to Isaac Redman with 2:51 left to give the Steelers a 13-10 victory. In week 14 against the Cincinnati Bengals, Polamalu cut in front of intended receiver Terrell Owens to intercept a Carson Palmer pass and returned it 45 yards for a touchdown. Polamalu re-injured an ankle on this interception, but stayed in the game. He recorded another interception later in the game. He missed the next two games with an ankle injury but returned for the last game of the season against the Cleveland Browns. In that game, he intercepted Colt McCoy before being pulled from the game when the Steelers were leading by over 30 points. It gave him his 7th interception of the year.",2,null,"How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","In the 2010 season opener against the Atlanta Falcons, Polamalu made a possible game-saving interception with 1:45 left in the game. The Steelers went on to win in overtime. In week 13 of 2010, Polamalu made a game-changing play against the Baltimore Ravens by forcing a fumble with a sack to set up a 9-yard touchdown pass to Isaac Redman with 2:51 left to give the Steelers a 13-10 victory. In week 14 against the Cincinnati Bengals, Polamalu cut in front of intended receiver Terrell Owens to intercept a Carson Palmer pass and returned it 45 yards for a touchdown. Polamalu re-injured an ankle on this interception, but stayed in the game. He recorded another interception later in the game. He missed the next two games with an ankle injury but returned for the last game of the season against the Cleveland Browns. In that game, he intercepted Colt McCoy before being pulled from the game when the Steelers were leading by over 30 points. It gave him his 7th interception of the year.",2,null,138,true,"97_5_CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","97_5_CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","97_5_CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d",null,"How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","97_5_CAR_7a59e002e2f8bf4cd142b25740c9e8c6fb894e3d","In the 2010 season opener against the Atlanta Falcons, Polamalu made a possible game-saving interception with 1:45 left in the game. The Steelers went on to win in overtime. In week 13 of 2010, Polamalu made a game-changing play against the Baltimore Ravens by forcing a fumble with a sack to set up a 9-yard touchdown pass to Isaac Redman with 2:51 left to give the Steelers a 13-10 victory. In week 14 against the Cincinnati Bengals, Polamalu cut in front of intended receiver Terrell Owens to intercept a Carson Palmer pass and returned it 45 yards for a touchdown. Polamalu re-injured an ankle on this interception, but stayed in the game. He recorded another interception later in the game. He missed the next two games with an ankle injury but returned for the last game of the season against the Cleveland Browns. In that game, he intercepted Colt McCoy before being pulled from the game when the Steelers were leading by over 30 points. It gave him his 7th interception of the year.",2]
["How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","97_5","What is your opinion about Polamalu's Interception return for a touchdown?","2000 marked the beginning of Polamalu's career. He opened his season starting against Penn State, and recorded only 2 tackles but made an interception for a 43-yard touchdown.  While playing against Colorado, he made 5 tackles and recovered a fumble that set up a Trojan touchdown. The next game he again recorded 5 tackles and also sacked Oregon State's quarterback. During a game against University of Oregon, he ended the game with 13 tackles, 2 tackles for a loss, and 1 interception. Then against Stanford, he made 11 tackles in the game. He set a career high with 14 tackles against Arizona State and tied that mark against Notre Dame. This marked his first year starting all 12 games at strong safety and he closed out 2000 with 83 tackles, 5 tackles for a loss, 1 sack, 2 interceptions, and 1 touchdown.",0,null,"Was Polamalu's interception return touchdown impressive?","Steelers linebacker James Harrison had three sacks, forced a fumble and recovered another. Safety Troy Polamalu was credited for an interception and an impressive leaping tackle on Kerry Collins during an attempted goal-line stand by the Steelers to win the game and improve to 2–0.",0,null,"What is your opinion on Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","In 2001, he had the best year of his Trojans career. He started the season by being voted as the team captain, and in the season opener he recorded 7 tackles and 1 tackle for a loss against San Jose State. Against Kansas State, he had a game-high 13 tackles, 3 tackles for a loss, and 1 forced fumble. Polamalu continued his dominance against Stanford, making a game-high 10 stops, 1 tackle for a loss, and his first blocked punt of the season. In the next game against Washington he had a game-high 13 tackles, 2 for a loss, an interception that he returned for a 22-yard touchdown. Throughout the next four games, Polamalu continued to have the most tackles in each game. He had a streak of 6 games in a row and 8 total in the season where he led both teams in tackles. Against Oregon State, he accumulated a game-high 11 tackles, 2 for a loss, 2 pass deflections, 1 forced fumble, and a blocked punt that USC recovered. His streak ended against the University of California, when he had 4 tackles, but made a game-deciding play with an interception that he returned for a 58-yard touchdown. The next week, the Trojans played their rival, UCLA. Polamalu had 2 tackles but made key plays when he blocked a punt and made an interception that set up key field goals for USC. He won his first PAC-10 Defensive Player of the Week. USC then went on to the Las Vegas Bowl against the Utah and Polamalu made a career-high 20 tackles, and 3 tackles for a loss, winning MVP for the game. He finished his junior campaign with a team-high 118 tackles, 13 tackles for a loss, 1 sack, 3 interceptions, 2 forced fumbles, 1 fumble recovery, 3 blocked punts, and 2 touchdowns. Polamalu won USC's MVP award and was voted a first-team All-American by Football Writers and College and Pro Football News Weekly. The Associated Press voted him second-team All-American.",2,null,"How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","In the third quarter, the Steelers would respond to Baltimore's score with Reed nailing a 46-yard field goal.  The Ravens would creep closer as McGahee rushed for a 1-yard touchdown.  However, in the fourth quarter, Pittsburgh pulled away as safety Troy Polamalu returned an interception 40 yards for a touchdown.  Baltimore tried to mount a comeback, but the Steelers' defense was too much to overcome.",4,null,138,true,"97_5_CAR_2e70706d766372b2be809ed50778c2ac3d6a3147","CAR_2e70706d766372b2be809ed50778c2ac3d6a3147","97_5_CAR_a19de52f0d783e04d11cccdae6fd9eb0b61fc569","CAR_a19de52f0d783e04d11cccdae6fd9eb0b61fc569","97_5_CAR_349021d3366af8a00030307188b88bb67f49f788","CAR_349021d3366af8a00030307188b88bb67f49f788",null,"How about Polamalu's interception return touchdown?","CAR_584fbaac9d52850e8c0ab07fa0bc1c3607f9d7b5","97_5_CAR_584fbaac9d52850e8c0ab07fa0bc1c3607f9d7b5","In the third quarter, the Steelers would respond to Baltimore's score with Reed nailing a 46-yard field goal.  The Ravens would creep closer as McGahee rushed for a 1-yard touchdown.  However, in the fourth quarter, Pittsburgh pulled away as safety Troy Polamalu returned an interception 40 yards for a touchdown.  Baltimore tried to mount a comeback, but the Steelers' defense was too much to overcome.",4]
["Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","97_6","What is your review of the Pittsburgh Steelers' Immaculate reception?","The Immaculate Reception is one of the most famous plays in the history of American football. It occurred in the AFC divisional playoff game of the National Football League (NFL), between the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Oakland Raiders at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on December 23, 1972. With the Steelers trailing in the last 30 seconds of the game, Pittsburgh quarterback Terry Bradshaw threw a pass attempt to John Fuqua. The ball bounced off the hands of Raiders safety Jack Tatum and/or Fuqua and, as it fell toward the ground, Steelers fullback Franco Harris scooped it up and ran for a game-winning touchdown. The play has been a source of unresolved controversy and speculation ever since, as many people have contended that the ball touched either Fuqua or the ground before Harris caught it, either of which would have resulted in an incomplete pass by the rules at the time. Kevin Cook's The Last Headbangers cites the play as the beginning of a bitter rivalry between Pittsburgh and Oakland that fueled a historically brutal Raiders team during the NFL's most controversially physical era.",4,null,"Can you tell me about the Pittsburgh Steelers' immaculate reception?","The Immaculate Reception is one of the most famous plays in the history of American football. It occurred in the AFC divisional playoff game of the National Football League (NFL), between the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Oakland Raiders at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on December 23, 1972. With the Steelers trailing in the last 30 seconds of the game, Pittsburgh quarterback Terry Bradshaw threw a pass attempt to John Fuqua. The ball bounced off the hands of Raiders safety Jack Tatum and/or Fuqua and, as it fell toward the ground, Steelers fullback Franco Harris scooped it up and ran for a game-winning touchdown. The play has been a source of unresolved controversy and speculation ever since, as many people have contended that the ball touched either Fuqua or the ground before Harris caught it, either of which would have resulted in an incomplete pass by the rules at the time. Kevin Cook's The Last Headbangers cites the play as the beginning of a bitter rivalry between Pittsburgh and Oakland that fueled a historically brutal Raiders team during the NFL's most controversially physical era.",4,null,"When and how did you see the Steelers play the Immaculate reception?","The Immaculate Reception is one of the most famous plays in the history of American football. It occurred in the AFC divisional playoff game of the National Football League (NFL), between the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Oakland Raiders at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on December 23, 1972. With the Steelers trailing in the last 30 seconds of the game, Pittsburgh quarterback Terry Bradshaw threw a pass attempt to John Fuqua. The ball bounced off the hands of Raiders safety Jack Tatum and/or Fuqua and, as it fell toward the ground, Steelers fullback Franco Harris scooped it up and ran for a game-winning touchdown. The play has been a source of unresolved controversy and speculation ever since, as many people have contended that the ball touched either Fuqua or the ground before Harris caught it, either of which would have resulted in an incomplete pass by the rules at the time. Kevin Cook's The Last Headbangers cites the play as the beginning of a bitter rivalry between Pittsburgh and Oakland that fueled a historically brutal Raiders team during the NFL's most controversially physical era.",4,null,"Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","The Immaculate Reception is one of the most famous plays in the history of American football. It occurred in the AFC divisional playoff game of the National Football League (NFL), between the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Oakland Raiders at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on December 23, 1972. With the Steelers trailing in the last 30 seconds of the game, Pittsburgh quarterback Terry Bradshaw threw a pass attempt to John Fuqua. The ball bounced off the hands of Raiders safety Jack Tatum and/or Fuqua and, as it fell toward the ground, Steelers fullback Franco Harris scooped it up and ran for a game-winning touchdown. The play has been a source of unresolved controversy and speculation ever since, as many people have contended that the ball touched either Fuqua or the ground before Harris caught it, either of which would have resulted in an incomplete pass by the rules at the time. Kevin Cook's The Last Headbangers cites the play as the beginning of a bitter rivalry between Pittsburgh and Oakland that fueled a historically brutal Raiders team during the NFL's most controversially physical era.",4,null,139,false,"97_6_CAR_cf29312ebc9e062fec984558cf65bb601c8380bb","CAR_cf29312ebc9e062fec984558cf65bb601c8380bb","97_6_CAR_cf29312ebc9e062fec984558cf65bb601c8380bb","CAR_cf29312ebc9e062fec984558cf65bb601c8380bb","97_6_CAR_cf29312ebc9e062fec984558cf65bb601c8380bb","CAR_cf29312ebc9e062fec984558cf65bb601c8380bb",null,"Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","CAR_cf29312ebc9e062fec984558cf65bb601c8380bb","97_6_CAR_cf29312ebc9e062fec984558cf65bb601c8380bb","The Immaculate Reception is one of the most famous plays in the history of American football. It occurred in the AFC divisional playoff game of the National Football League (NFL), between the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Oakland Raiders at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on December 23, 1972. With the Steelers trailing in the last 30 seconds of the game, Pittsburgh quarterback Terry Bradshaw threw a pass attempt to John Fuqua. The ball bounced off the hands of Raiders safety Jack Tatum and/or Fuqua and, as it fell toward the ground, Steelers fullback Franco Harris scooped it up and ran for a game-winning touchdown. The play has been a source of unresolved controversy and speculation ever since, as many people have contended that the ball touched either Fuqua or the ground before Harris caught it, either of which would have resulted in an incomplete pass by the rules at the time. Kevin Cook's The Last Headbangers cites the play as the beginning of a bitter rivalry between Pittsburgh and Oakland that fueled a historically brutal Raiders team during the NFL's most controversially physical era.",4]
["Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","97_6","What is your review of the Pittsburgh Steelers' Immaculate reception?","The Steelers organization still consider the Immaculate Reception the greatest moment in team history. On December 23, 2011, the 39th anniversary of the play, the team's official Facebook page posted a black and white photo of Harris running in for the touchdown to commemorate the anniversary. The Immaculate Reception was documented by NFL Network's A Football Life in 2012.",2,null,"Can you tell me about the Pittsburgh Steelers' immaculate reception?","Steelers fullback Franco Harris scored the winning touchdown on what became known as the Immaculate Reception. In a game that was mostly dominated by defense, the contest remained scoreless throughout the entire first half.  On the opening drive of the second half, Pittsburgh drove 67 yards to take a 3-0 lead on Roy Gerela's 18-yard field goal.  Following two Raiders drives that were shut down by Jack Ham's interception and a fumble recovery by Glen Edwards,  Steelers defensive back Mike Wagner fell on a fumble by quarterback Ken Stabler (who had replaced injured starter Daryle Lamonica earlier in the game) at the Oakland 35.  Five plays later, Gerela kicked a 29-yard field goal that gave Pittsburgh a 6-0 lead in the fourth quarter.  Stabler responded by leading his team 80 yards to score on a 30-yard touchdown run with 1:13 left in the game.",4,null,"When and how did you see the Steelers play the Immaculate reception?","Tatum was involved in one of the most famous plays in National Football League history, the Immaculate Reception, during the AFC divisional playoff game against the Pittsburgh Steelers on December 23, 1972. With 22 seconds left in the game, Steelers quarterback Terry Bradshaw threw a pass to running back John \"Frenchy\" Fuqua. Tatum collided with Fuqua, knocking the ball into the air.  The ball fell into the hands of Steelers running back Franco Harris, who ran it 42 yards for the game-winning touchdown. The play is famous because NFL rules at the time prohibited a receiver from batting the ball to another player of the same team. The referees ruled that Tatum had touched the ball and therefore Harris's touchdown was permitted, allowing the Steelers to win the game.",4,null,"Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","Steelers fullback Franco Harris scored the winning touchdown on what became known as the Immaculate Reception. In a game that was mostly dominated by defense, the contest remained scoreless throughout the entire first half.  On the opening drive of the second half, Pittsburgh drove 67 yards to take a 3-0 lead on Roy Gerela's 18-yard field goal.  Following two Raiders drives that were shut down by Jack Ham's interception and a fumble recovery by Glen Edwards,  Steelers defensive back Mike Wagner fell on a fumble by quarterback Ken Stabler (who had replaced injured starter Daryle Lamonica earlier in the game) at the Oakland 35.  Five plays later, Gerela kicked a 29-yard field goal that gave Pittsburgh a 6-0 lead in the fourth quarter.  Stabler responded by leading his team 80 yards to score on a 30-yard touchdown run with 1:13 left in the game.",4,null,139,false,"97_6_CAR_e97e9d1fcd1ed3e70ddfdf0b37ad53558dd664c5","CAR_e97e9d1fcd1ed3e70ddfdf0b37ad53558dd664c5","97_6_CAR_0395419c347dcd02fef334cb9aa582757062d68e","CAR_0395419c347dcd02fef334cb9aa582757062d68e","97_6_CAR_9806aac9cb16d08d2dced4239019aa3553510770","CAR_9806aac9cb16d08d2dced4239019aa3553510770",null,"Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","CAR_0395419c347dcd02fef334cb9aa582757062d68e","97_6_CAR_0395419c347dcd02fef334cb9aa582757062d68e","Steelers fullback Franco Harris scored the winning touchdown on what became known as the Immaculate Reception. In a game that was mostly dominated by defense, the contest remained scoreless throughout the entire first half.  On the opening drive of the second half, Pittsburgh drove 67 yards to take a 3-0 lead on Roy Gerela's 18-yard field goal.  Following two Raiders drives that were shut down by Jack Ham's interception and a fumble recovery by Glen Edwards,  Steelers defensive back Mike Wagner fell on a fumble by quarterback Ken Stabler (who had replaced injured starter Daryle Lamonica earlier in the game) at the Oakland 35.  Five plays later, Gerela kicked a 29-yard field goal that gave Pittsburgh a 6-0 lead in the fourth quarter.  Stabler responded by leading his team 80 yards to score on a 30-yard touchdown run with 1:13 left in the game.",4]
["Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","97_6","What is your review of the Pittsburgh Steelers' Immaculate reception?","Steelers fullback Franco Harris scored the winning touchdown on what became known as the Immaculate Reception. In a game that was mostly dominated by defense, the contest remained scoreless throughout the entire first half.  On the opening drive of the second half, Pittsburgh drove 67 yards to take a 3-0 lead on Roy Gerela's 18-yard field goal.  Following two Raiders drives that were shut down by Jack Ham's interception and a fumble recovery by Glen Edwards,  Steelers defensive back Mike Wagner fell on a fumble by quarterback Ken Stabler (who had replaced injured starter Daryle Lamonica earlier in the game) at the Oakland 35.  Five plays later, Gerela kicked a 29-yard field goal that gave Pittsburgh a 6-0 lead in the fourth quarter.  Stabler responded by leading his team 80 yards to score on a 30-yard touchdown run with 1:13 left in the game.",4,null,"Can you tell me about the Pittsburgh Steelers' immaculate reception?","Their first playoff game, against the Oakland Raiders, at Three Rivers Stadium, featured one of the best-known plays in league history: the Immaculate Reception. On 4th down from the Pittsburgh 40-yard line with 22 seconds left and trailing 7–6, Bradshaw threw a pass intended for John \"Frenchy\" Fuqua. Raiders defensive back Jack Tatum knocked it away, but it was scooped up at ankle-height before hitting the turf by Franco Harris, who took it into the end zone for the winning touchdown and a 13–7 victory. In the AFC Championship the following week, the Steelers lost 21-17 to the \"perfect\" Miami Dolphins, who finished the season 17–0. It was a disappointing finish, but it started a run of eight straight playoff appearances. Arguably the most defining and memorable play in the history of the NFL, the Immaculate Reception thrust the Steelers into its glory years of the '70s.",4,null,"When and how did you see the Steelers play the Immaculate reception?","Harris was a key player in one of professional football's most famous plays, dubbed \"The Immaculate Reception\" by Pittsburgh sportscaster Myron Cope. In a 1972 playoff game, the Oakland Raiders were leading the Steelers 7-6 with 22 seconds to play when a Terry Bradshaw pass was deflected away from intended receiver John \"Frenchy\" Fuqua right as defender Jack Tatum arrived to tackle Fuqua. Harris snatched the ball just before it hit the ground and ran it into the endzone to win the game. The Raiders challenged the touchdown, claiming that Fuqua had handled the ball before Harris, which would invalidate the score because at that time it was against the rules for two offensive receivers to touch the ball. The Steelers maintained that the ball had touched Tatum instead. According to a recounting by the Pro Football Hall of Fame, the film of the play is inconclusive. Raiders linebacker Phil Villapiano attempted to criticize Harris's achievement by stating that he was only in position to catch the ball because he was lazy, but replays show that Harris headed downfield when the Raiders forced Bradshaw out of the pocket, and can be clearly seen running before catching the deflected ball.",4,null,"Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","Sports has also been a major division at WTAE-TV. In 1972, WTAE-TV sportscaster Myron Cope, thanks to a phone call from a local female fan, introduced the phrase \"The Immaculate Reception\" to describe Franco Harris' miraculous, running shoestring catch that gave the Pittsburgh Steelers a 13–7 playoff victory over the Oakland Raiders (Cope chuckled at the woman's call, and responded, \"I'm not sure I can say that!\" Cope figured out an innocuous way to introduce the phrase on air, prefacing the remark by saying, \"It comes from a good Christian lady.\" WTAE-TV and its channel 4 logo was immortalized in the 1979 basketball comedy film The Fish That Saved Pittsburgh, whose fictional sportscaster Murray Sports (played by Harry Shearer) was also patterned after Cope. The last sports director was Andrew Stockey, who left the position in 2006 to become a news anchor. However, in 2011, he returned to head the sports department. Along with Mr. Stockey, the sports department consists of Guy Junker, Ryan Recker, and Bill Hillgrove (Steeler Insider) as of 2013.",3,null,139,false,"97_6_CAR_0395419c347dcd02fef334cb9aa582757062d68e","CAR_0395419c347dcd02fef334cb9aa582757062d68e","97_6_CAR_dab330ad7b1acf7ebd56d01c87b391d4ce2466d1","CAR_dab330ad7b1acf7ebd56d01c87b391d4ce2466d1","97_6_CAR_3a2d0ff00740a6d83b64864a13967070bbeff13a","CAR_3a2d0ff00740a6d83b64864a13967070bbeff13a",null,"Tell me more about the immaculate reception of Pittsburgh Steelers.","CAR_590b12d15e13274a6bad7c07ba10ebc969cf0d89","97_6_CAR_590b12d15e13274a6bad7c07ba10ebc969cf0d89","Sports has also been a major division at WTAE-TV. In 1972, WTAE-TV sportscaster Myron Cope, thanks to a phone call from a local female fan, introduced the phrase \"The Immaculate Reception\" to describe Franco Harris' miraculous, running shoestring catch that gave the Pittsburgh Steelers a 13–7 playoff victory over the Oakland Raiders (Cope chuckled at the woman's call, and responded, \"I'm not sure I can say that!\" Cope figured out an innocuous way to introduce the phrase on air, prefacing the remark by saying, \"It comes from a good Christian lady.\" WTAE-TV and its channel 4 logo was immortalized in the 1979 basketball comedy film The Fish That Saved Pittsburgh, whose fictional sportscaster Murray Sports (played by Harry Shearer) was also patterned after Cope. The last sports director was Andrew Stockey, who left the position in 2006 to become a news anchor. However, in 2011, he returned to head the sports department. Along with Mr. Stockey, the sports department consists of Guy Junker, Ryan Recker, and Bill Hillgrove (Steeler Insider) as of 2013.",3]
["What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","97_7","What happened to the three river stadium?","Like most stadiums demolished during this time whose replacements were located nearby (including the Civic Arena over a decade later), the site of Three Rivers Stadium mostly became a parking lot. Much like the Pittsburgh Penguins would do with the site of Civic Arena, the Steelers retained development rights to the site of Three Rivers, and would later build Stage AE on portions of the site, as well as an office building that hosts the studios for Root Sports Pittsburgh, the headquarters of StarKist Tuna, and the regional headquarters of Del Monte Foods. On December 23, 2012, on the 40th anniversary of the Immaculate Reception, the Steelers unveiled a monument at the exact spot where Franco Harris made the reception in the parking lot. In 2015, the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette moved into a new office building also built on a portion on the site after 53 years in the former Pittsburgh Press building and more than two centuries in Downtown.",4,null,"Where, when, and how did the Three Rivers stadium get demolished?","The stadium was demolished by implosion on December 29, 2002. Any debris was removed and scrapped. Today, part of the site is now occupied by the Great American Ball Park with some parking lots over the old site.  A small portion of the Riverfront Stadium site is now occupied by the Reds' Hall of Fame and Museum and Main Street, which was extended when the new park was built and when the old park was demolished.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"Why did Three Rivers stadium get destroyed?","On August 7, 1988, one of the Formula 1 boats went out of control and crashed into a crowd near Three Rivers Stadium. There were 24 injuries. The accident was captured on live TV during the broadcast of a Pittsburgh Pirates and New York Mets baseball game from a blimp above the stadium.",0,null,"What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","Like most stadiums demolished during this time whose replacements were located nearby (including the Civic Arena over a decade later), the site of Three Rivers Stadium mostly became a parking lot. Much like the Pittsburgh Penguins would do with the site of Civic Arena, the Steelers retained development rights to the site of Three Rivers, and would later build Stage AE on portions of the site, as well as an office building that hosts the studios for Root Sports Pittsburgh, the headquarters of StarKist Tuna, and the regional headquarters of Del Monte Foods. On December 23, 2012, on the 40th anniversary of the Immaculate Reception, the Steelers unveiled a monument at the exact spot where Franco Harris made the reception in the parking lot. In 2015, the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette moved into a new office building also built on a portion on the site after 53 years in the former Pittsburgh Press building and more than two centuries in Downtown.",4,null,140,true,"97_7_CAR_01d8eb9f8ae316a13526a5f0dc36961aa2072aef","CAR_01d8eb9f8ae316a13526a5f0dc36961aa2072aef","97_7_CAR_e316209dd9ae057d8711dffe508c6537635a506e","CAR_e316209dd9ae057d8711dffe508c6537635a506e","97_7_CAR_729f2eef12dfd7816121de0a95fa563c4f97b41f","CAR_729f2eef12dfd7816121de0a95fa563c4f97b41f",null,"What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","CAR_01d8eb9f8ae316a13526a5f0dc36961aa2072aef","97_7_CAR_01d8eb9f8ae316a13526a5f0dc36961aa2072aef","Like most stadiums demolished during this time whose replacements were located nearby (including the Civic Arena over a decade later), the site of Three Rivers Stadium mostly became a parking lot. Much like the Pittsburgh Penguins would do with the site of Civic Arena, the Steelers retained development rights to the site of Three Rivers, and would later build Stage AE on portions of the site, as well as an office building that hosts the studios for Root Sports Pittsburgh, the headquarters of StarKist Tuna, and the regional headquarters of Del Monte Foods. On December 23, 2012, on the 40th anniversary of the Immaculate Reception, the Steelers unveiled a monument at the exact spot where Franco Harris made the reception in the parking lot. In 2015, the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette moved into a new office building also built on a portion on the site after 53 years in the former Pittsburgh Press building and more than two centuries in Downtown.",4]
["What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","97_7","What happened to the three river stadium?","After its closing, Three Rivers Stadium was imploded in 2001, and the Pirates and Steelers each moved into newly built stadiums: PNC Park and Heinz Field, respectively.",4,null,"Where, when, and how did the Three Rivers stadium get demolished?","The sign was demolished when the Wesco Building was razed in the autumn of 1998 to make way for PNC Park, which succeeded Three Rivers as the home of the Pittsburgh Pirates.  Preservationists attempted to save at least one of the 'circle w' units for eventual display at the Heinz History Center. Alas, both the physical structure and electrical components were in such a state of decay that nothing was salvageable.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why did Three Rivers stadium get destroyed?","In September 1991, planning began to build a new baseball park for the Pittsburgh Pirates. As talks continued, a proposal to re-model Three Rivers Stadium into a full-time football stadium was made. However, Steelers ownership did not support the idea, stating that a new venue would be needed for the franchise to remain competitive. On July 9, 1998, the Allegheny Regional Asset District board approved an $809 million plan which would fund the Pirates' PNC Park and the Steelers' Heinz Field. Ground was broken for the new stadiums in 1999. On October 1, 2000, the Pirates were defeated 10–9 by the Chicago Cubs in their final game at Three Rivers Stadium. After the game, former Pirate Willie Stargell threw out the ceremonial last pitch. Two months later on December 16, 2000, the Steelers concluded play at Three Rivers Stadium, with a 24-3 victory over the Washington Redskins.",0,null,"What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","After its closing, Three Rivers Stadium was imploded in 2001, and the Pirates and Steelers each moved into newly built stadiums: PNC Park and Heinz Field, respectively.",4,null,140,true,"97_7_CAR_69a92b241d77c1367b2ff67c589eed89e841ec1c","CAR_69a92b241d77c1367b2ff67c589eed89e841ec1c","97_7_CAR_76a89635bee46dd7b968b78f4b4d38158450c015","CAR_76a89635bee46dd7b968b78f4b4d38158450c015","97_7_CAR_f8ddb0f2de72192124513420e351fac41d6f04fa","CAR_f8ddb0f2de72192124513420e351fac41d6f04fa",null,"What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","CAR_69a92b241d77c1367b2ff67c589eed89e841ec1c","97_7_CAR_69a92b241d77c1367b2ff67c589eed89e841ec1c","After its closing, Three Rivers Stadium was imploded in 2001, and the Pirates and Steelers each moved into newly built stadiums: PNC Park and Heinz Field, respectively.",4]
["What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","97_7","What happened to the three river stadium?","Three Rivers Stadium. Thirty Years of Stadium Rock. Three Rivers Stadium during its short 30 year existence from 1970 to 2000 hosted almost 50 major concerts and a dozen music festivals. The era of stadium rock began at Three Rivers in 1971 with a performance by Three Dog Night.",0,null,"Where, when, and how did the Three Rivers stadium get demolished?","Three Rivers Stadium was a multi-purpose stadium located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, from 1970 to 2000. It was home to the Pittsburgh Pirates of Major League Baseball (MLB) and the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL).",0,null,"Why did Three Rivers stadium get destroyed?","The Pittsburgh Steelers and the Pittsburgh Pirates sports teams shared Three Rivers Stadium from 1970 to 2000. After discussions over the Pittsburgh Pirates building a full-time baseball park, a proposal was made to renovate Three Rivers Stadium into a full-time football facility. Though this met with negative reaction from Steelers ownership, the proposal was used as a \"fallback position\" that would be used if discussions for a new stadium failed.",0,null,"What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","Three Rivers Stadium. Thirty Years of Stadium Rock. Three Rivers Stadium during its short 30 year existence from 1970 to 2000 hosted almost 50 major concerts and a dozen music festivals. The era of stadium rock began at Three Rivers in 1971 with a performance by Three Dog Night.",0,null,140,true,"97_7_MARCO_2270954","MARCO_2270954","97_7_CAR_9c5bfd1fd0677567d1a9ee58172e9b614c73ab7c","CAR_9c5bfd1fd0677567d1a9ee58172e9b614c73ab7c","97_7_CAR_124431d0f3f0ac8bf2acf6924ee3a5e2acf42608","CAR_124431d0f3f0ac8bf2acf6924ee3a5e2acf42608",null,"What happened to Three Rivers stadium?","MARCO_2270954","97_7_MARCO_2270954","Three Rivers Stadium. Thirty Years of Stadium Rock. Three Rivers Stadium during its short 30 year existence from 1970 to 2000 hosted almost 50 major concerts and a dozen music festivals. The era of stadium rock began at Three Rivers in 1971 with a performance by Three Dog Night.",0]
["Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","97_8","How does a Steelers' defense compare to other teams?","The Steelers' defense tied the 1973 Los Angeles Rams record by holding 14 consecutive opponents under 300 yards of total offense. The defense finished ranked first in the league in total and passing yards given up and second in rushing yards. For the fifth time in his career Hines Ward received for over 1,000 yards throughout the season. The team's offense ranked 22nd in overall offense, 17th in passing, and 23rd in rushing. Rashard Mendenhall was the team's only rookie to start a game; the fewest rookie starts of any team in the league.",0,null,"What are the Steelers' defense strategies?","The Pittsburgh Steelers have used the 3–4 as their base defense since 1982, the season after Hall of Fame defensive tackle Joe Greene and end L. C. Greenwood retired. In fact, the Steelers were the only NFL team to use the 3–4 defense during the 2001 NFL season, but finished the season as the number one defense in the NFL. It is believed that the Steelers success with the 3–4 defense is the primary reason why many NFL teams have started returning to the formation.",3,null,"Can you tell me more about the Steelers' defense tactics?","The Pittsburgh Steelers have used the 3–4 as their base defense since 1982, the season after Hall of Fame defensive tackle Joe Greene and end L. C. Greenwood retired. In fact, the Steelers were the only NFL team to use the 3–4 defense during the 2001 NFL season, but finished the season as the number one defense in the NFL. It is believed that the Steelers success with the 3–4 defense is the primary reason why many NFL teams have started returning to the formation.",3,null,"Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","The Pittsburgh Steelers have used the 3–4 as their base defense since 1982, the season after Hall of Fame defensive tackle Joe Greene and end L. C. Greenwood retired. In fact, the Steelers were the only NFL team to use the 3–4 defense during the 2001 NFL season, but finished the season as the number one defense in the NFL. It is believed that the Steelers success with the 3–4 defense is the primary reason why many NFL teams have started returning to the formation.",3,null,141,false,"97_8_CAR_de5ca2bcec29356e7f8f5db16e46b11989a439af","CAR_de5ca2bcec29356e7f8f5db16e46b11989a439af","97_8_CAR_6acfa1301338d8771cd4f8a2fd12c7b450919eea","CAR_6acfa1301338d8771cd4f8a2fd12c7b450919eea","97_8_CAR_6acfa1301338d8771cd4f8a2fd12c7b450919eea","CAR_6acfa1301338d8771cd4f8a2fd12c7b450919eea",null,"Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","CAR_6acfa1301338d8771cd4f8a2fd12c7b450919eea","97_8_CAR_6acfa1301338d8771cd4f8a2fd12c7b450919eea","The Pittsburgh Steelers have used the 3–4 as their base defense since 1982, the season after Hall of Fame defensive tackle Joe Greene and end L. C. Greenwood retired. In fact, the Steelers were the only NFL team to use the 3–4 defense during the 2001 NFL season, but finished the season as the number one defense in the NFL. It is believed that the Steelers success with the 3–4 defense is the primary reason why many NFL teams have started returning to the formation.",3]
["Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","97_8","How does a Steelers' defense compare to other teams?","The Steelers defense ranked fourth in the NFL, giving up 284.0 total yards per game. The Pittsburgh defense was led by its linebacking corps: Joey Porter, James Farrior, Clark Haggans, and Larry Foote. Porter led all NFL linebackers with 10.5 quarterback sacks and also recorded two interceptions and a fumble recovery. Haggans tallied nine sacks and 40 tackles, while Farrior added a team-high 119 tackles to go with his two sacks and one fumble recovery. In the secondary, free safety Chris Hope led the team with three interceptions, while Pro Bowl safety Troy Polamalu, the team's top threat in the defensive backfield, notched 91 tackles, three sacks, two fumble recoveries, and two interceptions.",1,null,"What are the Steelers' defense strategies?","The Steelers' \"Steel Curtain\" defense finished the regular season as the top rated defense in the AFC, limiting opponents to only 4,621 offensive yards. Up front, linemen Joe Greene and L.C. Greenwood terrorized opposing quarterbacks and rushers. And linebackers Jack Lambert and Jack Ham excelled at run stopping and pass coverage, combining for 8 interceptions. The Steelers also had a fine secondary, led by defensive backs Mel Blount, who recorded 3 interceptions, and Donnie Shell, who had 5.",2,null,"Can you tell me more about the Steelers' defense tactics?","The 1982 offseason was the start of a slow transition period for the team, as the defensive line was hit with key retirements in \"Mean Joe\" Greene and L. C. Greenwood. Partially due to the team losing two key players and partially due to the need to go up against a more wide-open NFL, head coach Chuck Noll switched from the traditional 4–3 defensive alignment (four lineman & three linebackers) to the 3–4 (three lineman & four linebackers). The Steelers would more than make a good transition to the 3–4, as many teams have since tried to copy the Steelers success with the 3–4 alignment, especially since 2001, when the Steelers were the only team in the NFL with the alignment but led the league in defense.",2,null,"Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","For the 2005 Marine operation, see Operation Steel Curtain. The Steel Curtain was the front four of the defensive line of the 1970s American football team Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL). This defense was the backbone of the Steelers dynasty, which won four Super Bowls (IX, X, XIII, and XIV), in six years.",4,null,141,false,"97_8_CAR_7c4367c854ed5c8a346c4f15ba183b62f19229f8","CAR_7c4367c854ed5c8a346c4f15ba183b62f19229f8","97_8_CAR_6b0afd109e6e8c982575eb5324c1c651a52f0f9f","CAR_6b0afd109e6e8c982575eb5324c1c651a52f0f9f","97_8_CAR_96f41d58f984ea9008d4d36f52c99538d86c26c4","CAR_96f41d58f984ea9008d4d36f52c99538d86c26c4",null,"Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","MARCO_2284834","97_8_MARCO_2284834","For the 2005 Marine operation, see Operation Steel Curtain. The Steel Curtain was the front four of the defensive line of the 1970s American football team Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL). This defense was the backbone of the Steelers dynasty, which won four Super Bowls (IX, X, XIII, and XIV), in six years.",4]
["Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","97_8","How does a Steelers' defense compare to other teams?","Entering their second game of the season against Baltimore, the Steelers' defense ranked first in the league, while the Ravens' defense ranked second. \"We're going to win by any means necessary. If the defense has to score, if the special teams have to kick in a score, or if the offense has to score 50 points – whatever it takes to win,\" stated James Harrison prior to the game.",1,null,"What are the Steelers' defense strategies?","In Super Bowl XL in February 2006, the Steelers faced a tough test in slowing Seattle Seahawks All-Pro running back Shaun Alexander who ran for 1,880 yards and scored an NFL record 28 touchdowns in the regular season behind an offensive line that featured All-Pro linemen Walter Jones and Steve Hutchinson on the left side.  The defensive line would need to slow down the Seahawks running attack to keep the Steelers in the game, a challenge which Mitchell took personally.  The players came through holding Alexander under the 100-yard plateau and most importantly preventing him from scoring, which was crucial to a Steelers win.  After the game, Mitchell said of the strategy, \"Our thing was 'keep him out of the end zone.' We  didn't care if he got 300 yards; don't let him in the end zone.\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Can you tell me more about the Steelers' defense tactics?","Pittsburgh Steelers: The NFL's Steel Curtain. The Steel Curtain was the nickname given to the famous defensive line of the American football team Pittsburgh Steelers during their 1970s dynasty years. This defense was the backbone of the Steelers dynasty that won four Super Bowls (IX, X, XIII, and XIV).",3,null,"Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","The Steelers' \"Steel Curtain\" defense finished the regular season as the top rated defense in the AFC, limiting opponents to only 4,621 offensive yards. Up front, linemen Joe Greene and L.C. Greenwood terrorized opposing quarterbacks and rushers. And linebackers Jack Lambert and Jack Ham excelled at run stopping and pass coverage, combining for 8 interceptions. The Steelers also had a fine secondary, led by defensive backs Mel Blount, who recorded 3 interceptions, and Donnie Shell, who had 5.",2,null,141,false,"97_8_CAR_e4ab7fe0715d89d7f80a72310167fc866297cc94","CAR_e4ab7fe0715d89d7f80a72310167fc866297cc94","97_8_CAR_1fa60029512fae0315f0816f50399114e1dbaf8a","CAR_1fa60029512fae0315f0816f50399114e1dbaf8a","97_8_MARCO_2284842","MARCO_2284842",null,"Tell me more about Steelers' defense scheme.","CAR_6b0afd109e6e8c982575eb5324c1c651a52f0f9f","97_8_CAR_6b0afd109e6e8c982575eb5324c1c651a52f0f9f","The Steelers' \"Steel Curtain\" defense finished the regular season as the top rated defense in the AFC, limiting opponents to only 4,621 offensive yards. Up front, linemen Joe Greene and L.C. Greenwood terrorized opposing quarterbacks and rushers. And linebackers Jack Lambert and Jack Ham excelled at run stopping and pass coverage, combining for 8 interceptions. The Steelers also had a fine secondary, led by defensive backs Mel Blount, who recorded 3 interceptions, and Donnie Shell, who had 5.",2]
["What is the environmental cost of food production?","98_1","What is the price of food production on the environment?","Food production is by far the largest consumer of global fresh water supplies. Globally, agriculture is responsible for an average of 70% of fresh water consumption by humans; in some countries that figure jumps to 80%-90%. Agriculture is therefore also responsible for much of fresh water over-exploitation. Food production further impacts the water sector through land degradation, changes in runoff, disruption of groundwater discharge, water quality and availability of water and land for other purposes such as natural habitat. The increased yields that have resulted from mechanization and other modern measures have come at a high energy price, as the full food and supply chain claims approximately 30% of total global energy demand. Energy fuels land preparation, fertilizer production, irrigation and the sowing, harvesting and transportation of crops. The links between food and energy have become quite apparent in recent years as increases in the price of oil lead very quickly to increases in the price of food. The energy sector can have other negative impacts on the food sector when mining for fossil fuels and deforestation for biofuels reduce land for agriculture, ecosystems and other uses.",4,null,"What is the environmental impact of food production?","There are a number of important issues in agricultural food production. and consumption that have significant impacts on the environment and human health. such as soil bio diversity, desertification, water use and water pollution, energy, climate. change, chemicals, food safety and biotechnology.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"How is the environment affected by food production?","Effects of Food Production on the Environment. Factory farming reduced the amount of land needed for meat production, however, these farms are a serious air and water pollutant. The waste of these animals ends up in the nature and poses a constant risk of drinking water contamination and seriously affects the air quality of the nearby areas.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What is the environmental cost of food production?","Feeding more than six billion human bodies takes a heavy toll on the Earth’s resources. This begins with the appropriation of about 38% of the Earth’s land surface and about 20% of its net primary productivity. Added to this are the resource-hungry activities of industrial agribusiness – everything from the crop need for irrigation water, synthetic fertilizers and pesticides to the resource costs of food packaging, transport (now a major part of global trade) and retail. Food is essential to life. But the list of environmental costs of food production is a long one: topsoil depletion, erosion and conversion to desert from constant tillage of annual crops; overgrazing; salinization; sodification; waterlogging; high levels of fossil fuel use; reliance on inorganic fertilisers and synthetic organic pesticides; reductions in genetic diversity by the mass use of monocultures; water resource depletion; pollution of waterbodies by run-off and groundwater contamination; social problems including the decline of family farms and weakening of rural communities.",4,null,142,true,"98_1_CAR_bafd3d0b22ffabc09a9873c1631a49a9d66a2e33","CAR_bafd3d0b22ffabc09a9873c1631a49a9d66a2e33","98_1_MARCO_7112782","MARCO_7112782","98_1_MARCO_7112776","MARCO_7112776",null,"What is the environmental cost of food production?","CAR_fc0c849722e98d83316c518c1be9ab456e351925","98_1_CAR_fc0c849722e98d83316c518c1be9ab456e351925","Feeding more than six billion human bodies takes a heavy toll on the Earth’s resources. This begins with the appropriation of about 38% of the Earth’s land surface and about 20% of its net primary productivity. Added to this are the resource-hungry activities of industrial agribusiness – everything from the crop need for irrigation water, synthetic fertilizers and pesticides to the resource costs of food packaging, transport (now a major part of global trade) and retail. Food is essential to life. But the list of environmental costs of food production is a long one: topsoil depletion, erosion and conversion to desert from constant tillage of annual crops; overgrazing; salinization; sodification; waterlogging; high levels of fossil fuel use; reliance on inorganic fertilisers and synthetic organic pesticides; reductions in genetic diversity by the mass use of monocultures; water resource depletion; pollution of waterbodies by run-off and groundwater contamination; social problems including the decline of family farms and weakening of rural communities.",4]
["What is the environmental cost of food production?","98_1","What is the price of food production on the environment?","In 2014 Daniel Öhman again in cooperation with Bo Goran Bodin was awarded The Prix Europa for their documentary \"The Insider\", which revealed that the Ericsson corporation had used bribery to secure a defense contract in Greece. Before that Daniel Öhman worked on a three year long investigation of the Food Industry and the environment called \"The price of food\" (Matens Pris). The investigation received several awards and was later turned into a book: \"Matens Pris\".",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the environmental impact of food production?","The agriculture/food sector is a big source environmental impacts that occur throughout the lifetime of a product, from farm to table to disposal.  Life-cycle thinking works to reduce these impacts at all stages of food production. Nutrition, health, well being, cultural identity and lifestyle are also factors that should be addressed when looking at the impacts of choices made in food production to ensure decreases in emissions and environmental impact do not occur at the expense of consumer wellbeing.",1,null,"How is the environment affected by food production?","It uses even more land, while the use of pesticides, artificial fertilizers and other chemicals seriously pollutes the environment and threatens wildlife species. Avoidance or reduction of meat consumption therefore does not solve the problem with the harmful effects of food production on the environment.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What is the environmental cost of food production?","All that waste has environmental costs, the report says. Food production accounts for 80% of the country's fresh water consumption, but the waste of food means 25% of the fresh water is actually wasted. And wasted food rotting in landfills accounts for 25% of U.S. methane emissions.ll that waste has environmental costs, the report says. Food production accounts for 80% of the country's fresh water consumption, but the waste of food means 25% of the fresh water is actually wasted. And wasted food rotting in landfills accounts for 25% of U.S. methane emissions.",3,null,142,true,"98_1_CAR_b00971ea2faef3725aa024494049f63d3f142049","CAR_b00971ea2faef3725aa024494049f63d3f142049","98_1_CAR_28e590e774ae9a37b66e643a03d9e9ef77cac0b9","CAR_28e590e774ae9a37b66e643a03d9e9ef77cac0b9","98_1_MARCO_7319671","MARCO_7319671",null,"What is the environmental cost of food production?","MARCO_3814316","98_1_MARCO_3814316","All that waste has environmental costs, the report says. Food production accounts for 80% of the country's fresh water consumption, but the waste of food means 25% of the fresh water is actually wasted. And wasted food rotting in landfills accounts for 25% of U.S. methane emissions.ll that waste has environmental costs, the report says. Food production accounts for 80% of the country's fresh water consumption, but the waste of food means 25% of the fresh water is actually wasted. And wasted food rotting in landfills accounts for 25% of U.S. methane emissions.",3]
["What is the environmental cost of food production?","98_1","What is the price of food production on the environment?","The price of food is affected to a certain degree by the use of maize for biofuel production. The cost of transportation, production, and marketing are a large portion (80%) of the price of food in the United States. Higher energy costs affect these costs, especially transportation. The increase in food prices the consumer has been seeing is mainly due to the higher energy cost. The effect of biofuel production on other food crop prices is indirect. Use of maize for biofuel production increases the demand, and therefore price of maize. This, in turn, results in farm acreage being diverted from other food crops to maize production. This reduces the supply of the other food crops and increases their prices.",0,null,"What is the environmental impact of food production?","Environmental degradation and losses of cropland and biodiversity threaten food production. The report analyses the impact of ecocide on agricultural yield and the food system and calls for sustainable investments along with policy regulation of the food market.",0,null,"How is the environment affected by food production?","There are a number of important issues in agricultural food production. and consumption that have significant impacts on the environment and human health. such as soil bio diversity, desertification, water use and water pollution, energy, climate. change, chemicals, food safety and biotechnology.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What is the environmental cost of food production?","Agriculture, as implemented through the method of farming, imposes external costs upon society through pesticides, nutrient runoff, excessive water usage, loss of natural environment and assorted other problems. A 2000 assessment of agriculture in the UK determined total external costs for 1996 of £2,343 million, or £208 per hectare. A 2005 analysis of these costs in the USA concluded that cropland imposes approximately $5 to 16 billion ($30 to $96 per hectare), while livestock production imposes $714 million. Both studies, which focused solely on the fiscal impacts, concluded that more should be done to internalize external costs. Neither included subsidies in their analysis, but they noted that subsidies also influence the cost of agriculture to society. In 2010, the International Resource Panel of the United Nations Environment Programme published a report assessing the environmental impacts of consumption and production. The study found that agriculture and food consumption are two of the most important drivers of environmental pressures, particularly habitat change, climate change, water use and toxic emissions. The 2011 UNEP Green Economy report states that \"[a]gricultural operations, excluding land use changes, produce approximately 13 per cent of anthropogenic global GHG emissions. This includes GHGs emitted by the use of inorganic fertilisers agro-chemical pesticides and herbicides; (GHG emissions resulting from production of these inputs are included in industrial emissions); and fossil fuel-energy inputs. \"On average we find that the total amount of fresh residues from agricultural and forestry production for second- generation biofuel production amounts to 3.8 billion tonnes per year between 2011 and 2050 (with an average annual growth rate of 11 per cent throughout the period analysed, accounting for higher growth during early years, 48 per cent for 2011–2020 and an average 2 per cent annual expansion after 2020).\"",4,null,142,true,"98_1_CAR_d014d0b4a755884cc68bf259549db8eabed15829","CAR_d014d0b4a755884cc68bf259549db8eabed15829","98_1_MARCO_7651984","MARCO_7651984","98_1_MARCO_7112782","MARCO_7112782",null,"What is the environmental cost of food production?","CAR_92e413a7dd18a3e0e2f125d8e458d79edefc524d","98_1_CAR_92e413a7dd18a3e0e2f125d8e458d79edefc524d","Agriculture, as implemented through the method of farming, imposes external costs upon society through pesticides, nutrient runoff, excessive water usage, loss of natural environment and assorted other problems. A 2000 assessment of agriculture in the UK determined total external costs for 1996 of £2,343 million, or £208 per hectare. A 2005 analysis of these costs in the USA concluded that cropland imposes approximately $5 to 16 billion ($30 to $96 per hectare), while livestock production imposes $714 million. Both studies, which focused solely on the fiscal impacts, concluded that more should be done to internalize external costs. Neither included subsidies in their analysis, but they noted that subsidies also influence the cost of agriculture to society. In 2010, the International Resource Panel of the United Nations Environment Programme published a report assessing the environmental impacts of consumption and production. The study found that agriculture and food consumption are two of the most important drivers of environmental pressures, particularly habitat change, climate change, water use and toxic emissions. The 2011 UNEP Green Economy report states that \"[a]gricultural operations, excluding land use changes, produce approximately 13 per cent of anthropogenic global GHG emissions. This includes GHGs emitted by the use of inorganic fertilisers agro-chemical pesticides and herbicides; (GHG emissions resulting from production of these inputs are included in industrial emissions); and fossil fuel-energy inputs. \"On average we find that the total amount of fresh residues from agricultural and forestry production for second- generation biofuel production amounts to 3.8 billion tonnes per year between 2011 and 2050 (with an average annual growth rate of 11 per cent throughout the period analysed, accounting for higher growth during early years, 48 per cent for 2011–2020 and an average 2 per cent annual expansion after 2020).\"",4]
["Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","98_2","How much water does the meat industry use?","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",4,null,"How much water is used for meat production and meat preparation?","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",4,null,"Does meat production really need that much water?","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",4,null,"Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",4,null,143,false,"98_2_MARCO_4364866","MARCO_4364866","98_2_MARCO_4364866","MARCO_4364866","98_2_MARCO_4364866","MARCO_4364866",null,"Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","MARCO_4364866","98_2_MARCO_4364866","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",4]
["Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","98_2","How much water does the meat industry use?","Considerable water use is associated with meat production, mostly because of water used in production of vegetation that provides feed.  There are several published estimates of water use associated with livestock and meat production, but the amount of water use assignable to such  production is seldom estimated.  For example, “green water” use is evapotranspirational use of soil water that has been provided directly by precipitation; and “green water” has been estimated to account for 94% of global beef cattle production’s “water footprint”, and on rangeland, as much as 99.5% of the water use associated with beef production is “green water”.  However, it  would be misleading  simply to assign that associated rangeland green water use to beef production, partly because that evapotranspirational use occurs even in the absence of cattle. Even when cattle are present, most of that associated water use can be considered assignable to production of terrestrial environmental values, because it produces root and residue biomass important for erosion control, stabilization of soil structure, nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, support of numerous primary consumers, many of  which support higher trophic levels, etc.  Withdrawn water (from surface and groundwater sources) is used for livestock watering, and in some cases is also used for irrigation of forage and feed crops.  Whereas all irrigation in the US (including loss in conveyance) is estimated to account for about 38% of US withdrawn freshwater use, irrigation water for production of livestock feed and forage has been estimated to account for about 9%; other withdrawn freshwater use for the livestock sector (for drinking, washdown of facilities, etc.) is estimated at about 0.7%.  Because of the preponderance of non-meat products from the livestock sector only some fraction of this water use is assignable to meat production.",3,null,"How much water is used for meat production and meat preparation?","Grain-fed beef production takes 100,000 liters of water for every kilogram of food. Raising broiler chickens takes 3,500 liters of water to make a kilogram of meat. In comparison, soybean production uses 2,000 liters for kilogram of food produced; rice, 1,912; wheat, 900; and potatoes, 500 liters.",4,null,"Does meat production really need that much water?","Considerable water use is associated with meat production, mostly because of water used in production of vegetation that provides feed.  There are several published estimates of water use associated with livestock and meat production, but the amount of water use assignable to such  production is seldom estimated.  For example, “green water” use is evapotranspirational use of soil water that has been provided directly by precipitation; and “green water” has been estimated to account for 94% of global beef cattle production’s “water footprint”, and on rangeland, as much as 99.5% of the water use associated with beef production is “green water”.  However, it  would be misleading  simply to assign that associated rangeland green water use to beef production, partly because that evapotranspirational use occurs even in the absence of cattle. Even when cattle are present, most of that associated water use can be considered assignable to production of terrestrial environmental values, because it produces root and residue biomass important for erosion control, stabilization of soil structure, nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, support of numerous primary consumers, many of  which support higher trophic levels, etc.  Withdrawn water (from surface and groundwater sources) is used for livestock watering, and in some cases is also used for irrigation of forage and feed crops.  Whereas all irrigation in the US (including loss in conveyance) is estimated to account for about 38% of US withdrawn freshwater use, irrigation water for production of livestock feed and forage has been estimated to account for about 9%; other withdrawn freshwater use for the livestock sector (for drinking, washdown of facilities, etc.) is estimated at about 0.7%.  Because of the preponderance of non-meat products from the livestock sector only some fraction of this water use is assignable to meat production.",3,null,"Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","Considerable water use is associated with meat production, mostly because of water used in production of vegetation that provides feed.  There are several published estimates of water use associated with livestock and meat production, but the amount of water use assignable to such  production is seldom estimated.  For example, “green water” use is evapotranspirational use of soil water that has been provided directly by precipitation; and “green water” has been estimated to account for 94% of global beef cattle production’s “water footprint”, and on rangeland, as much as 99.5% of the water use associated with beef production is “green water”.  However, it  would be misleading  simply to assign that associated rangeland green water use to beef production, partly because that evapotranspirational use occurs even in the absence of cattle. Even when cattle are present, most of that associated water use can be considered assignable to production of terrestrial environmental values, because it produces root and residue biomass important for erosion control, stabilization of soil structure, nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, support of numerous primary consumers, many of  which support higher trophic levels, etc.  Withdrawn water (from surface and groundwater sources) is used for livestock watering, and in some cases is also used for irrigation of forage and feed crops.  Whereas all irrigation in the US (including loss in conveyance) is estimated to account for about 38% of US withdrawn freshwater use, irrigation water for production of livestock feed and forage has been estimated to account for about 9%; other withdrawn freshwater use for the livestock sector (for drinking, washdown of facilities, etc.) is estimated at about 0.7%.  Because of the preponderance of non-meat products from the livestock sector only some fraction of this water use is assignable to meat production.",3,null,143,false,"98_2_CAR_8a1e4178d0cce6741cfbe9904e4f53bd6a88a42c","CAR_8a1e4178d0cce6741cfbe9904e4f53bd6a88a42c","98_2_MARCO_6017753","MARCO_6017753","98_2_CAR_8a1e4178d0cce6741cfbe9904e4f53bd6a88a42c","CAR_8a1e4178d0cce6741cfbe9904e4f53bd6a88a42c",null,"Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","CAR_8a1e4178d0cce6741cfbe9904e4f53bd6a88a42c","98_2_CAR_8a1e4178d0cce6741cfbe9904e4f53bd6a88a42c","Considerable water use is associated with meat production, mostly because of water used in production of vegetation that provides feed.  There are several published estimates of water use associated with livestock and meat production, but the amount of water use assignable to such  production is seldom estimated.  For example, “green water” use is evapotranspirational use of soil water that has been provided directly by precipitation; and “green water” has been estimated to account for 94% of global beef cattle production’s “water footprint”, and on rangeland, as much as 99.5% of the water use associated with beef production is “green water”.  However, it  would be misleading  simply to assign that associated rangeland green water use to beef production, partly because that evapotranspirational use occurs even in the absence of cattle. Even when cattle are present, most of that associated water use can be considered assignable to production of terrestrial environmental values, because it produces root and residue biomass important for erosion control, stabilization of soil structure, nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, support of numerous primary consumers, many of  which support higher trophic levels, etc.  Withdrawn water (from surface and groundwater sources) is used for livestock watering, and in some cases is also used for irrigation of forage and feed crops.  Whereas all irrigation in the US (including loss in conveyance) is estimated to account for about 38% of US withdrawn freshwater use, irrigation water for production of livestock feed and forage has been estimated to account for about 9%; other withdrawn freshwater use for the livestock sector (for drinking, washdown of facilities, etc.) is estimated at about 0.7%.  Because of the preponderance of non-meat products from the livestock sector only some fraction of this water use is assignable to meat production.",3]
["Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","98_2","How much water does the meat industry use?","Letâ€™s take the cheeseburger I had for lunch yesterday, for example. Estimates are that a 1/3 pound burger requires 660 gallons of water to be produced, most of which is for the beef. One pound of beef requires 1,799 gallons, a pound of cheese requires 700 gallons, and two slices of bread require 22 gallons. Why does meat require so much more water?",4,null,"How much water is used for meat production and meat preparation?","Considerable water use is associated with meat production, mostly because of water used in production of vegetation that provides feed.  There are several published estimates of water use associated with livestock and meat production, but the amount of water use assignable to such  production is seldom estimated.  For example, “green water” use is evapotranspirational use of soil water that has been provided directly by precipitation; and “green water” has been estimated to account for 94% of global beef cattle production’s “water footprint”, and on rangeland, as much as 99.5% of the water use associated with beef production is “green water”.  However, it  would be misleading  simply to assign that associated rangeland green water use to beef production, partly because that evapotranspirational use occurs even in the absence of cattle. Even when cattle are present, most of that associated water use can be considered assignable to production of terrestrial environmental values, because it produces root and residue biomass important for erosion control, stabilization of soil structure, nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, support of numerous primary consumers, many of  which support higher trophic levels, etc.  Withdrawn water (from surface and groundwater sources) is used for livestock watering, and in some cases is also used for irrigation of forage and feed crops.  Whereas all irrigation in the US (including loss in conveyance) is estimated to account for about 38% of US withdrawn freshwater use, irrigation water for production of livestock feed and forage has been estimated to account for about 9%; other withdrawn freshwater use for the livestock sector (for drinking, washdown of facilities, etc.) is estimated at about 0.7%.  Because of the preponderance of non-meat products from the livestock sector only some fraction of this water use is assignable to meat production.",3,null,"Does meat production really need that much water?","Animals that feed on grain or rely on grazing require more water than grain crops. Produce 1 kg of meat requires up to 15,000 liters of water. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), growing crops for farm animals requires nearly half of the US water supply and 80% of its agricultural land. Animals raised for food in the US consume 90% of the soy crop, 80% of the corn crop, and 70% of its grain. However, where an extensive farming system (as opposed to a feedlot) is used, some water and nutrients are returned to the soil to provide a benefit to the pasture. This cycling and processing of water and nutrients is less prevalent in most plant production systems, so may bring the efficiency rate of animal production closer to the efficiency of plant based agricultural systems.  In tracking food animal production from the feed through to the dinner table, the inefficiencies of meat, milk, and egg production range from a 4:1 energy input to protein output ratio up to 54:1. The result is that producing animal-based food is typically much less efficient than the harvesting of grains, vegetables, legumes, seeds, and fruits.",4,null,"Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","Animals that feed on grain or rely on grazing require more water than grain crops. Produce 1 kg of meat requires up to 15,000 liters of water. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), growing crops for farm animals requires nearly half of the US water supply and 80% of its agricultural land. Animals raised for food in the US consume 90% of the soy crop, 80% of the corn crop, and 70% of its grain. However, where an extensive farming system (as opposed to a feedlot) is used, some water and nutrients are returned to the soil to provide a benefit to the pasture. This cycling and processing of water and nutrients is less prevalent in most plant production systems, so may bring the efficiency rate of animal production closer to the efficiency of plant based agricultural systems.  In tracking food animal production from the feed through to the dinner table, the inefficiencies of meat, milk, and egg production range from a 4:1 energy input to protein output ratio up to 54:1. The result is that producing animal-based food is typically much less efficient than the harvesting of grains, vegetables, legumes, seeds, and fruits.",4,null,143,false,"98_2_MARCO_1464098","MARCO_1464098","98_2_CAR_8a1e4178d0cce6741cfbe9904e4f53bd6a88a42c","CAR_8a1e4178d0cce6741cfbe9904e4f53bd6a88a42c","98_2_CAR_f4f5784bff5505f7032a1a84ba2b2e3e5a09a08c","CAR_f4f5784bff5505f7032a1a84ba2b2e3e5a09a08c",null,"Oh that much water? How much water is used in meat production?","CAR_f4f5784bff5505f7032a1a84ba2b2e3e5a09a08c","98_2_CAR_f4f5784bff5505f7032a1a84ba2b2e3e5a09a08c","Animals that feed on grain or rely on grazing require more water than grain crops. Produce 1 kg of meat requires up to 15,000 liters of water. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), growing crops for farm animals requires nearly half of the US water supply and 80% of its agricultural land. Animals raised for food in the US consume 90% of the soy crop, 80% of the corn crop, and 70% of its grain. However, where an extensive farming system (as opposed to a feedlot) is used, some water and nutrients are returned to the soil to provide a benefit to the pasture. This cycling and processing of water and nutrients is less prevalent in most plant production systems, so may bring the efficiency rate of animal production closer to the efficiency of plant based agricultural systems.  In tracking food animal production from the feed through to the dinner table, the inefficiencies of meat, milk, and egg production range from a 4:1 energy input to protein output ratio up to 54:1. The result is that producing animal-based food is typically much less efficient than the harvesting of grains, vegetables, legumes, seeds, and fruits.",4]
["How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","98_3","Which food needs more water to produce, meat or vegetables?","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",3,null,"Is the water footprint of vegetables less than that of meat?","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",3,null,"How much more water is used to produce meat than vegetables?","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",3,null,"How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs. Chocolate tops the list with 17,196 litres of water need to produce 1kg of the product. Beef, sheep and pork meat all require high volumes of water for production also. Tea, beer and wine use the least according to the list. Compared to the production of meat, vegetable foodstuffs require considerably less water - 1kg of potatoes for example uses 287 litres of water. Look at the table below to see how much water is required to produce a selection of common foodstuffs.",0,null,144,true,"98_3_MARCO_4364866","MARCO_4364866","98_3_MARCO_4364866","MARCO_4364866","98_3_MARCO_4364866","MARCO_4364866",null,"How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","MARCO_1406009","98_3_MARCO_1406009","The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs. Chocolate tops the list with 17,196 litres of water need to produce 1kg of the product. Beef, sheep and pork meat all require high volumes of water for production also. Tea, beer and wine use the least according to the list. Compared to the production of meat, vegetable foodstuffs require considerably less water - 1kg of potatoes for example uses 287 litres of water. Look at the table below to see how much water is required to produce a selection of common foodstuffs.",0]
["How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","98_3","Which food needs more water to produce, meat or vegetables?","The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs. Chocolate tops the list with 17,196 litres of water need to produce 1kg of the product. Beef, sheep and pork meat all require high volumes of water for production also. Tea, beer and wine use the least according to the list. Compared to the production of meat, vegetable foodstuffs require considerably less water - 1kg of potatoes for example uses 287 litres of water. Look at the table below to see how much water is required to produce a selection of common foodstuffs.",0,null,"Is the water footprint of vegetables less than that of meat?","1 A vegetarian has a smaller footprint than someone who eats a lot of meat. 2  A house or office park with a small amount of lawn has a smaller ecological footprint than a house or office park with acres of lawn treated weekly with chemicals and water.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How much more water is used to produce meat than vegetables?","Animals that feed on grain or rely on grazing require more water than grain crops. Produce 1 kg of meat requires up to 15,000 liters of water. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), growing crops for farm animals requires nearly half of the US water supply and 80% of its agricultural land. Animals raised for food in the US consume 90% of the soy crop, 80% of the corn crop, and 70% of its grain. However, where an extensive farming system (as opposed to a feedlot) is used, some water and nutrients are returned to the soil to provide a benefit to the pasture. This cycling and processing of water and nutrients is less prevalent in most plant production systems, so may bring the efficiency rate of animal production closer to the efficiency of plant based agricultural systems.  In tracking food animal production from the feed through to the dinner table, the inefficiencies of meat, milk, and egg production range from a 4:1 energy input to protein output ratio up to 54:1. The result is that producing animal-based food is typically much less efficient than the harvesting of grains, vegetables, legumes, seeds, and fruits.",0,null,"How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","Tea, beer and wine use the least according to the list. Compared to the production of meat, vegetable foodstuffs require considerably less water - 1kg of potatoes for example uses 287 litres of water. Look at the table below to see how much water is required to produce a selection of common foodstuffs.",0,null,144,true,"98_3_MARCO_1406009","MARCO_1406009","98_3_MARCO_2171015","MARCO_2171015","98_3_CAR_f4f5784bff5505f7032a1a84ba2b2e3e5a09a08c","CAR_f4f5784bff5505f7032a1a84ba2b2e3e5a09a08c",null,"How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","MARCO_4364869","98_3_MARCO_4364869","Tea, beer and wine use the least according to the list. Compared to the production of meat, vegetable foodstuffs require considerably less water - 1kg of potatoes for example uses 287 litres of water. Look at the table below to see how much water is required to produce a selection of common foodstuffs.",0]
["How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","98_3","Which food needs more water to produce, meat or vegetables?","Animals that feed on grain or rely on grazing require more water than grain crops. Produce 1 kg of meat requires up to 15,000 liters of water. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), growing crops for farm animals requires nearly half of the US water supply and 80% of its agricultural land. Animals raised for food in the US consume 90% of the soy crop, 80% of the corn crop, and 70% of its grain. However, where an extensive farming system (as opposed to a feedlot) is used, some water and nutrients are returned to the soil to provide a benefit to the pasture. This cycling and processing of water and nutrients is less prevalent in most plant production systems, so may bring the efficiency rate of animal production closer to the efficiency of plant based agricultural systems.  In tracking food animal production from the feed through to the dinner table, the inefficiencies of meat, milk, and egg production range from a 4:1 energy input to protein output ratio up to 54:1. The result is that producing animal-based food is typically much less efficient than the harvesting of grains, vegetables, legumes, seeds, and fruits.",0,null,"Is the water footprint of vegetables less than that of meat?","The water footprint of a country is related to what its people eat. For example, it is a common thought that the water involved in a cup of coffee is just the water in the cup. There is actually 140 litres of water involved. The 140 litres of water is the amount of water that was used to grow, produce, package, and ship the coffee beans. A hamburger needs an estimated 2,400 litres of water. This hidden water is technically called virtual water. Therefore, eating a lot of meat means a large water footprint. However, care is needed to avoid misunderstanding the significance of water footprints of food. (See \"Water footprint of products\", below.)",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How much more water is used to produce meat than vegetables?","The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs. Chocolate tops the list with 17,196 litres of water need to produce 1kg of the product. Beef, sheep and pork meat all require high volumes of water for production also. Tea, beer and wine use the least according to the list. Compared to the production of meat, vegetable foodstuffs require considerably less water - 1kg of potatoes for example uses 287 litres of water. Look at the table below to see how much water is required to produce a selection of common foodstuffs.",0,null,"How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",3,null,144,true,"98_3_CAR_f4f5784bff5505f7032a1a84ba2b2e3e5a09a08c","CAR_f4f5784bff5505f7032a1a84ba2b2e3e5a09a08c","98_3_CAR_f817a228aec5e52a7e346a9a4ab43a74159257fe","CAR_f817a228aec5e52a7e346a9a4ab43a74159257fe","98_3_MARCO_1406009","MARCO_1406009",null,"How much less water is used to produce vegetables compared to meat?","MARCO_4364866","98_3_MARCO_4364866","Meat production requires a much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 litres of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 litres of water. The table below shows typical values for the volume of water required to produce common foodstuffs.",3]
["What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","98_4","What are the environmental advantages of vegetarianism?","Reference is made to the United Nations FAO 2006 report, Livestock's Long Shadow, which makes the claim that livestock agriculture produces more greenhouse gasses than all the world's vehicles combined. Next comes a brief presentation, illustrated with simple animated charts, on how meat production is an inefficient way to produce food for a hungry world. This moves into footage of animal abuses on feedlots and factory farms and the pollution produced by these facilities. The film then focuses on the advantages of vegetarianism for reducing pollution and solving world hunger. With a change of diet toward vegetarianism, the film asserts, many of these environmental and health problems can be solved. After some fast-moving images of people and nature accompanied by music, the film ends with the same statement from Deuteronomy about \"life and death,\" voiced over a sunrise.",2,null,"What are the environmental benefits of vegetarians?","There are many benefits to a vegetarian diet, including: less obesity, reduced risk of chronic disease, improved longevity, reduced risk of food-borne diseases, lower intakes of environmental contaminants, improved nutritional intakes, and higher bone density. Protein â€“ you donâ€™t need as much as you might think. Excess protein, especially animal protein can contribute to heart disease, stroke, colorectal cancer, and osteoporosis. Protein rich plant foods bring us unique benefits not found in meat. They provide protective phytochemicals found only in plant foods such as soy.",0,null,"How does a vegetarian diet help the environment?","Becoming vegetarian 'can harm the environment'. Adopting a vegetarian diet based around meat substitutes such as tofu can cause more damage to the environment, according to a new study. It has often been claimed that avoiding red meat is beneficial to the environment, because it lowers emissions and less land is used to produce alternatives.",1,null,"What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","Becoming vegetarian 'can harm the environment'. Adopting a vegetarian diet based around meat substitutes such as tofu can cause more damage to the environment, according to a new study. It has often been claimed that avoiding red meat is beneficial to the environment, because it lowers emissions and less land is used to produce alternatives.",1,null,145,false,"98_4_CAR_f852262480af9097f223f78bb77e418577f9b35c","CAR_f852262480af9097f223f78bb77e418577f9b35c","98_4_MARCO_2666780","MARCO_2666780","98_4_MARCO_1386137","MARCO_1386137",null,"What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","MARCO_1386137","98_4_MARCO_1386137","Becoming vegetarian 'can harm the environment'. Adopting a vegetarian diet based around meat substitutes such as tofu can cause more damage to the environment, according to a new study. It has often been claimed that avoiding red meat is beneficial to the environment, because it lowers emissions and less land is used to produce alternatives.",1]
["What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","98_4","What are the environmental advantages of vegetarianism?","Environmental vegetarianism is based on the concern that the production of meat and animal products for mass consumption, especially through factory farming, is environmentally unsustainable. According to a 2006 United Nations initiative, the livestock industry is one of the largest contributors to environmental degradation worldwide, and modern practices of raising animals for food contribute on a \"massive scale\" to air and water pollution, land degradation, climate change, and loss of biodiversity. The initiative concluded that \"the livestock sector emerges as one of the top two or three most significant contributors to the most serious environmental problems, at every scale from local to global.\"",3,null,"What are the environmental benefits of vegetarians?","Benefits of adopting a diet that excludes meat products has also shown to reduce the risk of death correlated to heart disease and cancer. However, Tillman asserts that accomplishing both environmental and health benefits is not as simple as just cutting out meat â€“ it hinges on choosing actual healthy foods.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How does a vegetarian diet help the environment?","In fact, switching to a plant-based diet from a meat-eating diet is the single most important move I can make to help the environment, much more effective than turning off the water when I brush my teeth or recycling and reusing.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","Attempting vegetarianism or veganism is definitely one of the best things you can do for the environment and also for your health. 1  Meatless Monday is a national non-profit public health campaign that encourages people to give up meat one day a week.",0,null,145,false,"98_4_CAR_602cc43e8f3701ffb511f6f85e962b7d5b17356b","CAR_602cc43e8f3701ffb511f6f85e962b7d5b17356b","98_4_MARCO_8737806","MARCO_8737806","98_4_MARCO_8237402","MARCO_8237402",null,"What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","MARCO_8298959","98_4_MARCO_8298959","Attempting vegetarianism or veganism is definitely one of the best things you can do for the environment and also for your health. 1  Meatless Monday is a national non-profit public health campaign that encourages people to give up meat one day a week.",0]
["What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","98_4","What are the environmental advantages of vegetarianism?","Environmental vegetarianism is the practice of vegetarianism or veganism based on the indications that animal production, particularly by intensive farming, is environmentally unsustainable. The primary environmental concerns with animal products are pollution—including greenhouse gas emissions (GHG)—and the use of resources such as fossil fuels, water, and land.",3,null,"What are the environmental benefits of vegetarians?","Environmental vegetarianism is based on the concern that the production of meat and animal products for mass consumption, especially through factory farming, is environmentally unsustainable. According to a 2006 United Nations initiative, the livestock industry is one of the largest contributors to environmental degradation worldwide, and modern practices of raising animals for food contribute on a \"massive scale\" to air and water pollution, land degradation, climate change, and loss of biodiversity. The initiative concluded that \"the livestock sector emerges as one of the top two or three most significant contributors to the most serious environmental problems, at every scale from local to global.\"",3,null,"How does a vegetarian diet help the environment?","According to a study by engineers Christopher Weber and H. Scott Matthews of Carnegie Mellon University, of all the greenhouse gases emitted by the food industry, only 4% comes from transporting the food from producers to retailers. The study also concluded that adopting a vegetarian diet, even if the vegetarian food is transported over very long distances, does far more to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, than does eating a locally grown diet. They also concluded that \"Shifting less than one day per week’s worth of calories from red meat and dairy products to chicken, fish, eggs, or a vegetable-based diet achieves more GHG reduction than buying all locally sourced food.\" In other words, the amount of red meat consumption is much more important than food miles.",2,null,"What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","Attempting vegetarianism or veganism is definitely one of the best things you can do for the environment and also for your health. 1  Meatless Monday is a national non-profit public health campaign that encourages people to give up meat one day a week. 2  Visit the site for some meatless recipes.",0,null,145,false,"98_4_CAR_9e3a0db65812f269608b3a62e515a7b0f400d3c8","CAR_9e3a0db65812f269608b3a62e515a7b0f400d3c8","98_4_CAR_602cc43e8f3701ffb511f6f85e962b7d5b17356b","CAR_602cc43e8f3701ffb511f6f85e962b7d5b17356b","98_4_CAR_3eed6b711f1190d6fccb2c4d39f6ddf09204a6d8","CAR_3eed6b711f1190d6fccb2c4d39f6ddf09204a6d8",null,"What are the benefits of being vegetarian to the environment?","MARCO_8298960","98_4_MARCO_8298960","Attempting vegetarianism or veganism is definitely one of the best things you can do for the environment and also for your health. 1  Meatless Monday is a national non-profit public health campaign that encourages people to give up meat one day a week. 2  Visit the site for some meatless recipes.",0]
["Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","98_5","Is being vegetarian healthy?","Vegetarian diets can be very healthy and may even lower the risk of heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, and cancer. However, eating a balanced diet when you are vegetarian usually requires a little extra attention.",1,null,"How bad is being a vegetarian?","How being vegetarian does more harm to the environment than eating meat. It is a claim that could put a dent in the green credentials of vegetarians: Meat-free diets can be bad for the planet. Environmental activists and vegetarians have long taken pleasure in telling those who enjoy a steak that livestock farming is a major source of harmful greenhouse gases.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the health implications of vegetarianism?","Adopting a vegetarian diet can be a fantastic entry into experiencing better health. A vegetarian diet is associated with a higher consumption of fiber, folic acid, vitamins C and E, magnesium, unsaturated fat, and countless phytochemicals. This often results in vegetarians having lower cholesterol, being thinner, having lower blood pressure, and reduced risk of heart disease.",0,null,"Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","In some cases, iron and zinc status of vegans may also be of concern because of the limited bioavailability of these minerals. There are concerns about the bioavailability of iron from plant foods, assumed by some researchers to be 5–15% compared to 18% from a nonvegetarian diet. Iron deficiency anaemia is found as often in nonvegetarians as in vegetarians, though studies have shown vegetarians' iron stores to be lower.",4,null,146,true,"98_5_MARCO_5033294","MARCO_5033294","98_5_MARCO_1386144","MARCO_1386144","98_5_MARCO_8689666","MARCO_8689666",null,"Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","CAR_b0373129ec01c89f8a9c28d8b6f616b39847abc9","98_5_CAR_b0373129ec01c89f8a9c28d8b6f616b39847abc9","In some cases, iron and zinc status of vegans may also be of concern because of the limited bioavailability of these minerals. There are concerns about the bioavailability of iron from plant foods, assumed by some researchers to be 5–15% compared to 18% from a nonvegetarian diet. Iron deficiency anaemia is found as often in nonvegetarians as in vegetarians, though studies have shown vegetarians' iron stores to be lower.",4]
["Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","98_5","Is being vegetarian healthy?","Whole wheat also contains more nutrients like protein and zinc which are important, especially for vegetarians. Being a vegetarian can be a part of a healthy lifestyle. Make sure you are eating a balanced breakfast to start your day off with nutrients that will leave you feeling satisfied and energetic.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How bad is being a vegetarian?","Lettuce is â€˜three times worse than bacon' for emissions and vegetarian diets could be bad for environment. Common vegetables â€˜require more resources per calorieâ€™ than many people realise, according to a team of scientists at the prestigious Carnegie Mellon University. Click to follow. The Independent Online.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the health implications of vegetarianism?","Health benefits and risk associated with adopting a vegetarian diet. Pilis W, Stec K, Zych M, Pilis A. A vegetarian diet may be adopted for various reasons that can include ecological, economic, religious, ethical and health considerations. In the latter case they arise from the desire to lose weight, in tackling obesity, improving physical fitness and/or in reducing the risk of acquiring certain diseases.",0,null,"Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","A vegetarian diet can be perfectly healthy; in fact, a vegetarian or vegan diet can improve digestion and skin tone, give you more energy and help you lose weight. But many vegetarians and vegans don't realize that their diets could be lacking in vital nutrients, vitamins and minerals. If you follow a vegetarian diet, you could be at risk of developing health problems including chronic fatigue, lowered immune response and even malnutrition.",4,null,146,true,"98_5_MARCO_6805936","MARCO_6805936","98_5_MARCO_1386145","MARCO_1386145","98_5_MARCO_8159394","MARCO_8159394",null,"Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","MARCO_2428017","98_5_MARCO_2428017","A vegetarian diet can be perfectly healthy; in fact, a vegetarian or vegan diet can improve digestion and skin tone, give you more energy and help you lose weight. But many vegetarians and vegans don't realize that their diets could be lacking in vital nutrients, vitamins and minerals. If you follow a vegetarian diet, you could be at risk of developing health problems including chronic fatigue, lowered immune response and even malnutrition.",4]
["Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","98_5","Is being vegetarian healthy?","A vegetarian diet can be perfectly healthy; in fact, a vegetarian or vegan diet can improve digestion and skin tone, give you more energy and help you lose weight. But many vegetarians and vegans don't realize that their diets could be lacking in vital nutrients, vitamins and minerals. If you follow a vegetarian diet, you could be at risk of developing health problems including chronic fatigue, lowered immune response and even malnutrition.",4,null,"How bad is being a vegetarian?","Switching from British-bred beef and lamb to imported meat substitutes such as tofu increases the need for cultivated land. It is a claim that could put a dent in the green credentials of vegetarians: Meat-free diets can be bad for the planet.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the health implications of vegetarianism?","The health benefits associated with a healthy and well-balanced vegetarian (or vegan) lifestyle are undeniable. Countless studies have shown that a well-planned, nutritious, plant-based diet is associated with a lower risk of obesity, heart disease, diabetes and stroke, as well as with longer life expectancy.",0,null,"Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","Common Concerns. Some people still worry about whether a vegetarian diet can provide all essential nutrients. However, it is very easy to have a well-balanced diet with vegetarian foods, since these foods provide plenty of protein. Careful combining of foods is not necessary.",1,null,146,true,"98_5_MARCO_2428017","MARCO_2428017","98_5_MARCO_1386138","MARCO_1386138","98_5_MARCO_300450","MARCO_300450",null,"Are there any health concerns of being vegetarian?","MARCO_8689662","98_5_MARCO_8689662","Common Concerns. Some people still worry about whether a vegetarian diet can provide all essential nutrients. However, it is very easy to have a well-balanced diet with vegetarian foods, since these foods provide plenty of protein. Careful combining of foods is not necessary.",1]
["What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","98_6","How do vegetarians get their proteins? What do they eat?","â€“ Katie*. Getting enough protein isn't tough with a well-planned vegetarian diet, especially if you include eggs and dairy. It's when a vegetarian diet isn't planned at all that nutrition trouble can start. All too often people give up eating meat but end up eating more carbohydrates and snacks. Look for alternative sources of protein, including beans (kidney beans, chickpeas, lentils, etc.), nuts, soy, and low-fat dairy products.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What are the best plant-based proteins for vegetarians?","Let us take a look at some of the richest and best vegetarian suppliers for protein: Soy. Soy or Soybeans are a great protein source that can be found in different foods such peanut butter and soy milk. Research shows that simply 1 cup of soybean can supply up to 29 grams of protein, which is at par with that of chicken breast (a non-vegetarian protein source). Soybean likewise helps in conserving the calcium content in the body, tones up the bones, and reduces the LDL â€˜badâ€™ cholesterol levels in the blood.",2,null,"What provides protein for vegetarians?","Let us take a look at some of the richest and best vegetarian suppliers for protein: Soy. Soy or Soybeans are a great protein source that can be found in different foods such peanut butter and soy milk. Research shows that simply 1 cup of soybean can supply up to 29 grams of protein, which is at par with that of chicken breast (a non-vegetarian protein source). Soybean likewise helps in conserving the calcium content in the body, tones up the bones, and reduces the LDL â€˜badâ€™ cholesterol levels in the blood.",2,null,"What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","Almonds have low fat content and are a great source of protein-rich food for vegetarians. Peanuts are a high source of protein as well with 8 grams of protein. Peanut butter is also a good source of proteins and provides us with 8 grams of protein per 30 grams. The only downside with protein is that it is high in fats, so add to your diet in moderation.",3,null,147,false,"98_6_MARCO_4378055","MARCO_4378055","98_6_MARCO_8126881","MARCO_8126881","98_6_MARCO_8126881","MARCO_8126881",null,"What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","MARCO_7546745","98_6_MARCO_7546745","Almonds have low fat content and are a great source of protein-rich food for vegetarians. Peanuts are a high source of protein as well with 8 grams of protein. Peanut butter is also a good source of proteins and provides us with 8 grams of protein per 30 grams. The only downside with protein is that it is high in fats, so add to your diet in moderation.",3]
["What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","98_6","How do vegetarians get their proteins? What do they eat?","Current recommendations are that vegetarians eat a wide variety of foods during the course of a day. Eggs and dairy products are good sources of protein, but also try nuts, peanut butter, tofu, beans, seeds, soy milk, grains, cereals, and vegetables to get all the protein your body needs.",4,null,"What are the best plant-based proteins for vegetarians?","Protein-Packed Vegetarian Recipes. Vegetarians need protein, too, and weâ€™ve collected some of our best high-protein vegetarian recipes for breakfast, lunch and dinner. Meat-free proteins are easy to prepare, making them ideal for every diet, any day of the week. These recipes focus on beans, tofu, tempeh and whole grains and pulses to create satisfying, full-flavored meals.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What provides protein for vegetarians?","Almonds have low fat content and are a great source of protein-rich food for vegetarians. Peanuts are a high source of protein as well with 8 grams of protein. Peanut butter is also a good source of proteins and provides us with 8 grams of protein per 30 grams. The only downside with protein is that it is high in fats, so add to your diet in moderation.",3,null,"What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","Let us take a look at some of the richest and best vegetarian suppliers for protein: Soy. Soy or Soybeans are a great protein source that can be found in different foods such peanut butter and soy milk. Research shows that simply 1 cup of soybean can supply up to 29 grams of protein, which is at par with that of chicken breast (a non-vegetarian protein source). Soybean likewise helps in conserving the calcium content in the body, tones up the bones, and reduces the LDL â€˜badâ€™ cholesterol levels in the blood.",2,null,147,false,"98_6_MARCO_153415","MARCO_153415","98_6_MARCO_7310491","MARCO_7310491","98_6_MARCO_7546745","MARCO_7546745",null,"What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","MARCO_8126881","98_6_MARCO_8126881","Let us take a look at some of the richest and best vegetarian suppliers for protein: Soy. Soy or Soybeans are a great protein source that can be found in different foods such peanut butter and soy milk. Research shows that simply 1 cup of soybean can supply up to 29 grams of protein, which is at par with that of chicken breast (a non-vegetarian protein source). Soybean likewise helps in conserving the calcium content in the body, tones up the bones, and reduces the LDL â€˜badâ€™ cholesterol levels in the blood.",2]
["What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","98_6","How do vegetarians get their proteins? What do they eat?","Add nuts, seeds like almonds, walnuts, flaxseeds in your diet. These add protein and are concentrated sources of energy and essential fatty acids which vegetarians need since they do not eat fish. Eat a handful every day. You can also add natural peanut or almond butter in meals. If you are fine with eating eggs as quite a lot of vegetarians do, make sure you eat egg whites every day. This will help in increasing your protein intake. If you donâ€™t eat eggs, include more legumes in your diet. Eat chickpeas, brown rice, quinoa, oats, etc.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What are the best plant-based proteins for vegetarians?","All beans, lentils, and peas are an excellent vegetarian and vegan source of protein, so eat whichever one you like! Black beans, kidney beans, Indian dhal, vegetarian chili, split pea soup and chickpea hummus-pick one and watch the protein grams add up.. Quinoa and other whole grains. Whole grains are a great source of protein, but the queen of whole grains when it comes to protein content is quinoa or, if you can find it, kaniwa. Just one cup of cooked quinoa contains 18 grams of protein, as well as nine grams of fiber.",3,null,"What provides protein for vegetarians?","Below are 33 complete vegetarian protein foods with all the essential amino acids. This list assumes vegetarians eat dairy and eggs. If you are pure vegetarian or vegan, just leave these animal foods out. In addition to the 33 foods listed below you can also see the extended list of protein rich foods for vegetarians. For more details on amino acids use the amino acid calculator. #1: Yogurt (Greek, Fat Free) Plain Fat Free Yogurt provides 14grams of protein per cup (245g), and 1gram protein per 9.8 calories.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","Vegetarian Protein Sources. If you follow a vegetarian or vegan diet, get your protein from a variety of sources to ensure sufficient intake of the indispensible amino acids. Plant sources of protein include beans, soy, lentils, nuts and seeds.",3,null,147,false,"98_6_MARCO_6608809","MARCO_6608809","98_6_MARCO_5776668","MARCO_5776668","98_6_MARCO_4314697","MARCO_4314697",null,"What are the sources of proteins for vegetarians?","MARCO_4145781","98_6_MARCO_4145781","Vegetarian Protein Sources. If you follow a vegetarian or vegan diet, get your protein from a variety of sources to ensure sufficient intake of the indispensible amino acids. Plant sources of protein include beans, soy, lentils, nuts and seeds.",3]
["Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","98_7","Can you teach me vegetarian recipes made with almonds?","Almond flour works very well for practically all cake and muffin recipes, pancakes and some cookie recipes, too. It can also be used to make pastry tart shells for sweet or savory dishes. The only types of dessert which do not lend themselves well to the use of almond flour are yeasted or bread-based recipes.o convert any regular baked recipes to low-carb using almond flour, experiment by simply replacing the volume of flour in the recipe with the same volume of almond flour. Use slightly more raising agent than the recipe suggests, allowing for the heavier weight of the almond flour.",3,null,"Can you suggest some vegetarian recipes using almonds?","Almond flour works very well for practically all cake and muffin recipes, pancakes and some cookie recipes, too. It can also be used to make pastry tart shells for sweet or savory dishes. The only types of dessert which do not lend themselves well to the use of almond flour are yeasted or bread-based recipes.o convert any regular baked recipes to low-carb using almond flour, experiment by simply replacing the volume of flour in the recipe with the same volume of almond flour. Use slightly more raising agent than the recipe suggests, allowing for the heavier weight of the almond flour.",3,null,"What are some ways to cook almonds for a plant-based diet?","Nuts and nut butter. All nuts contain both healthy fats and protein, making them a valuable part of a plant-based diet. But because they are high in caloriesâ€”almonds, cashews, and pistachios for example, all contain 160 calories and 5 or 6 grams of protein per ounceâ€”choose varieties that are raw or dry roasted.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","Almond-Covered Cheddar Cheese Ball. There are a good handful of ingredients in this cashew-based recipe that appear to create a magical amalgam because the result is a cheddar-esque spreadable thatâ€™s actually sharp. Get the full recipe at Vegedout.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,148,true,"98_7_MARCO_688016","MARCO_688016","98_7_MARCO_688016","MARCO_688016","98_7_MARCO_6741731","MARCO_6741731",null,"Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","MARCO_8768188","98_7_MARCO_8768188","Almond-Covered Cheddar Cheese Ball. There are a good handful of ingredients in this cashew-based recipe that appear to create a magical amalgam because the result is a cheddar-esque spreadable thatâ€™s actually sharp. Get the full recipe at Vegedout.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2]
["Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","98_7","Can you teach me vegetarian recipes made with almonds?","Almond-Covered Cheddar Cheese Ball. There are a good handful of ingredients in this cashew-based recipe that appear to create a magical amalgam because the result is a cheddar-esque spreadable thatâ€™s actually sharp. Get the full recipe at Vegedout.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you suggest some vegetarian recipes using almonds?","You can also dry out the almond meal to use in baked goods. To do so, spread the puree out thin on a baking sheet, dry it in a very low oven until crisp (2 to 3 hours), and break the chunks up into a meal in your blender or food processor. Quick Almond Milk.lmond milk is a great alternative to dairy milk and a delicious beverage in its own right. Drink it straight up, pour it on cereal, blend it into a smoothie, or use it in just about any recipe that calls for milk, including cream sauces, puddings, salad dressings, and baked goods.",2,null,"What are some ways to cook almonds for a plant-based diet?","Cook. Ready In. 1  Combine the water, sugar, and cinnamon in a saucepan over medium heat; bring to a boil; add the almonds. 2  Cook and stir the mixture until the liquid evaporates and leaves a syrup-like coating on the almonds. 3  Pour the almonds onto a baking sheet lined with waxed paper.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","Almond flour works very well for practically all cake and muffin recipes, pancakes and some cookie recipes, too. It can also be used to make pastry tart shells for sweet or savory dishes. The only types of dessert which do not lend themselves well to the use of almond flour are yeasted or bread-based recipes.o convert any regular baked recipes to low-carb using almond flour, experiment by simply replacing the volume of flour in the recipe with the same volume of almond flour. Use slightly more raising agent than the recipe suggests, allowing for the heavier weight of the almond flour.",3,null,148,true,"98_7_MARCO_8768188","MARCO_8768188","98_7_MARCO_1754551","MARCO_1754551","98_7_MARCO_5675260","MARCO_5675260",null,"Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","MARCO_688016","98_7_MARCO_688016","Almond flour works very well for practically all cake and muffin recipes, pancakes and some cookie recipes, too. It can also be used to make pastry tart shells for sweet or savory dishes. The only types of dessert which do not lend themselves well to the use of almond flour are yeasted or bread-based recipes.o convert any regular baked recipes to low-carb using almond flour, experiment by simply replacing the volume of flour in the recipe with the same volume of almond flour. Use slightly more raising agent than the recipe suggests, allowing for the heavier weight of the almond flour.",3]
["Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","98_7","Can you teach me vegetarian recipes made with almonds?","Almonds may be eaten raw, blanched, or roasted and are commonly used in confectionery baking. In Europe almonds are used to make marzipan, a sweet paste used in pastries and candy, and in Asia almonds are often used in meat, poultry, fish, and vegetarian dishes. While more than 25 types of almonds are grown in California, Marcona and Valencia almonds come from Spain, and ferragnes are imported from Greece.",0,null,"Can you suggest some vegetarian recipes using almonds?","Almonds may be eaten raw, blanched, or roasted and are commonly used in confectionery baking. In Europe almonds are used to make marzipan, a sweet paste used in pastries and candy, and in Asia almonds are often used in meat, poultry, fish, and vegetarian dishes. While more than 25 types of almonds are grown in California, Marcona and Valencia almonds come from Spain, and ferragnes are imported from Greece.",0,null,"What are some ways to cook almonds for a plant-based diet?","When toasting slivered almonds in the microwave, add the nuts and a little bit of butter to a microwave-safe plate. Cook until golden. Bake slivered almonds to approximately 10 to 15 minutes or cook them on the stovetop over medium heat for approximately seven to 10 minutes or until the almonds are golden. Stir the nuts every few minutes for even browning.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","Almonds may be eaten raw, blanched, or roasted and are commonly used in confectionery baking. In Europe almonds are used to make marzipan, a sweet paste used in pastries and candy, and in Asia almonds are often used in meat, poultry, fish, and vegetarian dishes. While more than 25 types of almonds are grown in California, Marcona and Valencia almonds come from Spain, and ferragnes are imported from Greece.",0,null,148,true,"98_7_MARCO_3604955","MARCO_3604955","98_7_MARCO_3604955","MARCO_3604955","98_7_MARCO_7235222","MARCO_7235222",null,"Can you show me vegetarian recipes with almonds?","MARCO_3604955","98_7_MARCO_3604955","Almonds may be eaten raw, blanched, or roasted and are commonly used in confectionery baking. In Europe almonds are used to make marzipan, a sweet paste used in pastries and candy, and in Asia almonds are often used in meat, poultry, fish, and vegetarian dishes. While more than 25 types of almonds are grown in California, Marcona and Valencia almonds come from Spain, and ferragnes are imported from Greece.",0]
["How do you make almond flour?","98_8","How can you make flour from almonds?","Preparation. You can make your own almond flour by first blanching the almonds. Place whole almonds in a bowl and cover them with boiling water. Let the almonds sit in the water for about one minute. If you leave the almonds in the water too long, they become soft. Place the almonds in a strainer and rinse them off.",1,null,"How is almond flour made?","Preparation. You can make your own almond flour by first blanching the almonds. Place whole almonds in a bowl and cover them with boiling water. Let the almonds sit in the water for about one minute. If you leave the almonds in the water too long, they become soft. Place the almonds in a strainer and rinse them off.",1,null,"What are some ways to make almond flour at home?","Preparation. You can make your own almond flour by first blanching the almonds. Place whole almonds in a bowl and cover them with boiling water. Let the almonds sit in the water for about one minute. If you leave the almonds in the water too long, they become soft. Place the almonds in a strainer and rinse them off.",1,null,"How do you make almond flour?","Preparation. You can make your own almond flour by first blanching the almonds. Place whole almonds in a bowl and cover them with boiling water. Let the almonds sit in the water for about one minute. If you leave the almonds in the water too long, they become soft. Place the almonds in a strainer and rinse them off.",1,null,149,false,"98_8_MARCO_631069","MARCO_631069","98_8_MARCO_631069","MARCO_631069","98_8_MARCO_631069","MARCO_631069",null,"How do you make almond flour?","MARCO_631069","98_8_MARCO_631069","Preparation. You can make your own almond flour by first blanching the almonds. Place whole almonds in a bowl and cover them with boiling water. Let the almonds sit in the water for about one minute. If you leave the almonds in the water too long, they become soft. Place the almonds in a strainer and rinse them off.",1]
["How do you make almond flour?","98_8","How can you make flour from almonds?","Make your own almond flour. You can make almond flour, of course, by grinding almonds in a food processor-but be careful not to over-process or you'll end up with almond butter (admittedly tasty but not applicable in recipes calling for almond flour)!",3,null,"How is almond flour made?","Natural organic almond flour is made from unblanched organic almonds that are ground up to a coarse consistency, similar to that of wheat and cornmeal. It's a low-carb, gluten-free alternative to wheat flour.",3,null,"What are some ways to make almond flour at home?","Make your own almond flour. You can make almond flour, of course, by grinding almonds in a food processor-but be careful not to over-process or you'll end up with almond butter (admittedly tasty but not applicable in recipes calling for almond flour)!",3,null,"How do you make almond flour?","Make your own almond flour. You can make almond flour, of course, by grinding almonds in a food processor-but be careful not to over-process or you'll end up with almond butter (admittedly tasty but not applicable in recipes calling for almond flour)!",3,null,149,false,"98_8_MARCO_5716595","MARCO_5716595","98_8_MARCO_4994191","MARCO_4994191","98_8_MARCO_5716595","MARCO_5716595",null,"How do you make almond flour?","MARCO_5716595","98_8_MARCO_5716595","Make your own almond flour. You can make almond flour, of course, by grinding almonds in a food processor-but be careful not to over-process or you'll end up with almond butter (admittedly tasty but not applicable in recipes calling for almond flour)!",3]
["How do you make almond flour?","98_8","How can you make flour from almonds?","Answers. Best Answer: Almond flour is just ground up almonds. You can probably use regular flour, but if you have a lot of ground almonds, you can use a blender, or coffee grinder to make them into a almond meal.Check out the website below to read about almond flour, and how it's made.ou can probably use regular flour, but if you have a lot of ground almonds, you can use a blender, or coffee grinder to make them into a almond meal.",0,null,"How is almond flour made?","Almond meal, almond flour or ground almond is made from ground sweet almonds. Almond flour is usually made with blanched almonds (no skin), whereas almond meal can be made both with whole or blanched almonds. The consistency is more like corn meal than wheat flour.",2,null,"What are some ways to make almond flour at home?","Almond Flour. Dehydrating or lightly baking almond pulp until dry produces a delicious almond flour that can be used in any recipe that calls for the store-version. Once dry, you may want to re-process the flour to remove any clumps, and produce a finer flour. Store in an airtight jar.",3,null,"How do you make almond flour?","Answers. Best Answer: Almond flour is just ground up almonds. You can probably use regular flour, but if you have a lot of ground almonds, you can use a blender, or coffee grinder to make them into a almond meal.Check out the website below to read about almond flour, and how it's made.ou can probably use regular flour, but if you have a lot of ground almonds, you can use a blender, or coffee grinder to make them into a almond meal.",0,null,149,false,"98_8_MARCO_688008","MARCO_688008","98_8_CAR_9d4d80bbbfc87754a41712ea45e93ea5df19f2ba","CAR_9d4d80bbbfc87754a41712ea45e93ea5df19f2ba","98_8_MARCO_3079935","MARCO_3079935",null,"How do you make almond flour?","MARCO_688008","98_8_MARCO_688008","Answers. Best Answer: Almond flour is just ground up almonds. You can probably use regular flour, but if you have a lot of ground almonds, you can use a blender, or coffee grinder to make them into a almond meal.Check out the website below to read about almond flour, and how it's made.ou can probably use regular flour, but if you have a lot of ground almonds, you can use a blender, or coffee grinder to make them into a almond meal.",0]
["What is high blood carbon dioxide?","99_1","What is a buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream?","Hypercapnia. Hypercapnia. An abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood is known as hypercapnia.(high-per-KAP-nee-ah) hyper-means excessive, capn means carbon dioxide, and-ia means abnormal condition.",3,null,"What happens if there's an increase in carbon dioxide in the blood?","An increase of carbon dioxide in the blood causes a decrease in pH which results in a reduced affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. This effect facilitates oxygen transport as hemoglobin binds to oxygen in the lungs, but then releases it in the tissues, particularly those tissues in most need of oxygen.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What occurs if your blood has too much carbon dioxide?","Symptoms For High Carbon Dioxide Level in Blood. The symptoms associated with high blood carbon dioxide levels include increased blood pressure, rapid pulse, rubor (redness), muscle twitches, headache, chest-pain, confusion, and fatigue.",0,null,"What is high blood carbon dioxide?","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately. Medications, medical conditions or environmental factors can contribute to high carbon dioxide levels in the blood.",4,null,150,true,"99_1_MARCO_5897657","MARCO_5897657","99_1_MARCO_8443252","MARCO_8443252","99_1_MARCO_4727111","MARCO_4727111",null,"What is high blood carbon dioxide?","MARCO_1543355","99_1_MARCO_1543355","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately. Medications, medical conditions or environmental factors can contribute to high carbon dioxide levels in the blood.",4]
["What is high blood carbon dioxide?","99_1","What is a buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream?","Hypercapnia hypercapnia hypercapnia An abnormal build-up of carbon dioxide in the blood is hypercapnia. Hypercapnia Hypercapnia An abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood is known as hypercapnia.(high-per-KAP-nee-ah)hyper-means excessive ,capn means carbon dioxide, and-ia means abnormal condition.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What happens if there's an increase in carbon dioxide in the blood?","Answers.comÂ® is making the world better one answer at a time. As the carbon dioxide increases in the blood, without an increase in oxygen absorption in the lungs, the pH will decrease causing an increase in breathing.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What occurs if your blood has too much carbon dioxide?","Hypercapnia is a condition that occurs when there is too much carbon dioxide in the blood. While it is sometimes caused by things such as hypoventilation or a narcotic drug overdose, a much more common cause is COPD. If you have COPD, it's important to know the hypercapnia symptoms, as well as the treatments available.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What is high blood carbon dioxide?","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately.",4,null,150,true,"99_1_MARCO_5897663","MARCO_5897663","99_1_MARCO_8443255","MARCO_8443255","99_1_MARCO_383034","MARCO_383034",null,"What is high blood carbon dioxide?","MARCO_178741","99_1_MARCO_178741","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately.",4]
["What is high blood carbon dioxide?","99_1","What is a buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream?","When breathing is paused, carbon dioxide builds up in the bloodstream. Chemoreceptors in the blood stream note the high carbon dioxide levels. The brain is signaled to wake the person sleeping and breathe in air. Breathing normally will restore oxygen levels and the person will fall asleep again.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What happens if there's an increase in carbon dioxide in the blood?","In extreme cases, the patient will need to be given oxygen to breathe so that the balance of oxygen in the blood as also the level of carbon dioxide is brought back to a normal level. When an individual experience an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood, it is important that this is brought back to normal.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What occurs if your blood has too much carbon dioxide?","Your body's organs, such as your heart and brain, need oxygen-rich blood to work well. Respiratory failure also can occur if your lungs can't properly remove carbon dioxide (a waste gas) from your blood. Too much carbon dioxide in your blood can harm your body's organs.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is high blood carbon dioxide?","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately.he most common cause of a high carbon dioxide level in the blood is high bicarbonate levels due to the use of medications. Taking diuretics, the prolonged steroid use or the abuse of laxatives all cause high levels of bicarbonate in the bloodstream.",4,null,150,true,"99_1_CAR_a94818c7d35be397784187101cdaa56a6b212d0f","CAR_a94818c7d35be397784187101cdaa56a6b212d0f","99_1_MARCO_5884864","MARCO_5884864","99_1_MARCO_1173901","MARCO_1173901",null,"What is high blood carbon dioxide?","MARCO_513708","99_1_MARCO_513708","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately.he most common cause of a high carbon dioxide level in the blood is high bicarbonate levels due to the use of medications. Taking diuretics, the prolonged steroid use or the abuse of laxatives all cause high levels of bicarbonate in the bloodstream.",4]
["What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","99_2","Which medicine is considered to be a cure for high blood carbon dioxide?","A high level of carbon dioxide in the blood may result in permanent damage to the brain or heart when not treated immediately. Depending on the severity of the carbon dioxide poisoning, the individual receives oxygen through an oxygen mask, a ventilator or hyperbaric chamber.",3,null,"How do I manage hypercapnia?","Hypercapnia can lead to respiratory failure and death if left untreated. If you have COPD, being aware of hypercapnia symptoms is key to early detection. Call your doctor as soon as possible if you experience any change in your symptoms or general health.",0,null,"What are the ways to cure hypercapnia?","Hypercapnia is the condition in which there is increased level of carbon dioxide in blood. This condition is closely associated with hypoxemia (low level of oxygen) which causes breathing difficulty. It is customary to inhale oxygen and exhale Co2.",0,null,"What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","Hypercapnia can lead to respiratory failure and death if left untreated. If you have COPD, being aware of hypercapnia symptoms is key to early detection. Call your doctor as soon as possible if you experience any change in your symptoms or general health.",0,null,151,false,"99_2_MARCO_178738","MARCO_178738","99_2_MARCO_4495085","MARCO_4495085","99_2_MARCO_654118","MARCO_654118",null,"What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","MARCO_4495085","99_2_MARCO_4495085","Hypercapnia can lead to respiratory failure and death if left untreated. If you have COPD, being aware of hypercapnia symptoms is key to early detection. Call your doctor as soon as possible if you experience any change in your symptoms or general health.",0]
["What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","99_2","Which medicine is considered to be a cure for high blood carbon dioxide?","In extreme cases, the patient will need to be given oxygen to breathe so that the balance of oxygen in the blood as also the level of carbon dioxide is brought back to a normal level. When an individual experience an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood, it is important that this is brought back to normal.",3,null,"How do I manage hypercapnia?","Hypercapnia, also known as CO2 retention, hypercapnea, and hypercarbia, is a condition of abnormally elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2) levels in the blood. Carbon dioxide is a gaseous product of the body's metabolism and is normally expelled through the lungs. Hypercapnia normally triggers a reflex which increases breathing and access to oxygen, such as arousal and turning the head during sleep.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the ways to cure hypercapnia?","Hypercapnia. by admin Leave a Comment. Hypercapnia is the condition in which there is increased level of carbon dioxide in blood. This condition is closely associated with hypoxemia (low level of oxygen) which causes breathing difficulty. It is customary to inhale oxygen and exhale Co2.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately. Medications, medical conditions or environmental factors can contribute to high carbon dioxide levels in the blood.",0,null,151,false,"99_2_MARCO_5884864","MARCO_5884864","99_2_MARCO_824131","MARCO_824131","99_2_MARCO_824125","MARCO_824125",null,"What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","MARCO_1543355","99_2_MARCO_1543355","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately. Medications, medical conditions or environmental factors can contribute to high carbon dioxide levels in the blood.",0]
["What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","99_2","Which medicine is considered to be a cure for high blood carbon dioxide?","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately.",0,null,"How do I manage hypercapnia?","Hypercapnia. by admin Leave a Comment. Hypercapnia is the condition in which there is increased level of carbon dioxide in blood. This condition is closely associated with hypoxemia (low level of oxygen) which causes breathing difficulty. It is customary to inhale oxygen and exhale Co2.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the ways to cure hypercapnia?","The effect of assisted ventilation on hypercapnia strongly depends on the mechanism of gas-exchange impairment. Hypercapnia secondary to severe V/Q mismatch may be treatable with conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) or may require high-frequency ventilation (HFV).",3,null,"What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately.",0,null,151,false,"99_2_MARCO_178741","MARCO_178741","99_2_MARCO_824125","MARCO_824125","99_2_MARCO_5538940","MARCO_5538940",null,"What should you do to treat hypercapnia?","MARCO_178741","99_2_MARCO_178741","Hypercapnia, or a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is a serious medical condition that can result in permanent damage to internal organs or result in death if not treated appropriately and immediately.",0]
["What are treatments for high cholesterol?","99_3","What are the best treatments for high cholesterol?","Elevated cholesterol levels are treated with a strict diet consisting of low saturated fat, trans fat-free, low cholesterol foods, often followed by one of various hypolipidemic agents, such as statins, fibrates, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, nicotinic acid derivatives or bile acid sequestrants. Extreme cases have previously been treated with partial ileal bypass surgery, which has now been superseded by medication. Apheresis-based treatments are still used for very severe hyperlipidemias that are either unresponsive to treatment or require rapid lowering of blood lipids. There are several international guidelines on the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia.",3,null,"What are some options for lowering your cholesterol?","Diet and exercise are proven ways to reduce cholesterol. Cholesterol-lowering supplements may help, too. If you're worried about your cholesterol level and have already started exercising and eating healthier foods, you might wonder if adding a cholesterol-lowering supplement to your diet can help reduce your numbers.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What can I do if I have high cholesterol?","High cholesterol is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. That can include coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. High cholesterol has also been linked to diabetes and high blood pressure.To prevent or manage these conditions, work with your doctor to see what steps you need to take to lower your cholesterol.our total cholesterol level is High. Your level of bad LDL cholesterol is High, too. Working to bring down your total cholesterol decreases your LDL cholesterol level. You can do this by exercising more and eating less food with saturated fats.",0,null,"What are treatments for high cholesterol?","Elevated cholesterol levels are treated with a strict diet consisting of low saturated fat, trans fat-free, low cholesterol foods, often followed by one of various hypolipidemic agents, such as statins, fibrates, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, nicotinic acid derivatives or bile acid sequestrants. Extreme cases have previously been treated with partial ileal bypass surgery, which has now been superseded by medication. Apheresis-based treatments are still used for very severe hyperlipidemias that are either unresponsive to treatment or require rapid lowering of blood lipids. There are several international guidelines on the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia.",3,null,152,true,"99_3_CAR_a1c6e4077e8209ac07acbc81f2cd350789331a42","CAR_a1c6e4077e8209ac07acbc81f2cd350789331a42","99_3_MARCO_886754","MARCO_886754","99_3_MARCO_6772920","MARCO_6772920",null,"What are treatments for high cholesterol?","CAR_a1c6e4077e8209ac07acbc81f2cd350789331a42","99_3_CAR_a1c6e4077e8209ac07acbc81f2cd350789331a42","Elevated cholesterol levels are treated with a strict diet consisting of low saturated fat, trans fat-free, low cholesterol foods, often followed by one of various hypolipidemic agents, such as statins, fibrates, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, nicotinic acid derivatives or bile acid sequestrants. Extreme cases have previously been treated with partial ileal bypass surgery, which has now been superseded by medication. Apheresis-based treatments are still used for very severe hyperlipidemias that are either unresponsive to treatment or require rapid lowering of blood lipids. There are several international guidelines on the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia.",3]
["What are treatments for high cholesterol?","99_3","What are the best treatments for high cholesterol?","How Is High Blood Cholesterol Treated? High blood cholesterol is treated with lifestyle changes and medicines. The main goal of treatment is to lower your low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level enough to reduce your risk for coronary heart disease, heart attack, and other related health problems. Your risk for heart disease and heart attack goes up as your LDL cholesterol level rises and your number of heart disease risk factors increases.",0,null,"What are some options for lowering your cholesterol?","There are many alternative treatments proposed for lowering cholesterol. But before you add any supplements or alternative therapies to your diet, talk to your health care provider. Few natural products have been proven in scientific studies to reduce cholesterol, but some might be helpful.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What can I do if I have high cholesterol?","High levels of bad cholesterol can result in high blood pressure and cause a whole host of problems for your heart. So what can you do? Well, if your doctor tells you that you need to reduce your cholesterol levels, you simply need to change your diet and your exercise routine.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What are treatments for high cholesterol?","The current treatment for people with very high cholesterol that cannot be controlled with diet or statins is apheresis, which is similar to dialysis in that a person visits a clinic each month and his or her blood is mechanically filtered, in this case to remove LDL cholesterol.",0,null,152,true,"99_3_MARCO_69587","MARCO_69587","99_3_MARCO_878400","MARCO_878400","99_3_MARCO_7232503","MARCO_7232503",null,"What are treatments for high cholesterol?","MARCO_7465231","99_3_MARCO_7465231","The current treatment for people with very high cholesterol that cannot be controlled with diet or statins is apheresis, which is similar to dialysis in that a person visits a clinic each month and his or her blood is mechanically filtered, in this case to remove LDL cholesterol.",0]
["What are treatments for high cholesterol?","99_3","What are the best treatments for high cholesterol?","The current treatment for people with very high cholesterol that cannot be controlled with diet or statins is apheresis, which is similar to dialysis in that a person visits a clinic each month and his or her blood is mechanically filtered, in this case to remove LDL cholesterol.",0,null,"What are some options for lowering your cholesterol?","For example, the Mayo Clinic notes that some cholesterol-lowering supplements and natural remedies might be helpful. Before you try any alternative treatments, check with your doctor to determine if theyâ€™re safe for you. The ingredients in some alternative therapies can interfere with certain medications or have harmful side effects.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What can I do if I have high cholesterol?","If you have high cholesterol, you should talk with your doctor about what you eat, including meat. There are good, lean choices. For example, you can consider chicken or turkey breasts without skin; pork tenderloin; or beef round, sirloin, or tenderloin.our total cholesterol level is High. Your level of bad LDL cholesterol is Borderline High. Working to bring down your total cholesterol decreases your LDL cholesterol level. You can do this by exercising more and eating less food with saturated fats.",2,null,"What are treatments for high cholesterol?","How Is High Blood Cholesterol Treated? High blood cholesterol is treated with lifestyle changes and medicines. The main goal of treatment is to lower your low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level enough to reduce your risk for coronary heart disease, heart attack, and other related health problems. Your risk for heart disease and heart attack goes up as your LDL cholesterol level rises and your number of heart disease risk factors increases.",0,null,152,true,"99_3_MARCO_7465231","MARCO_7465231","99_3_MARCO_7227627","MARCO_7227627","99_3_MARCO_2617017","MARCO_2617017",null,"What are treatments for high cholesterol?","MARCO_69587","99_3_MARCO_69587","How Is High Blood Cholesterol Treated? High blood cholesterol is treated with lifestyle changes and medicines. The main goal of treatment is to lower your low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level enough to reduce your risk for coronary heart disease, heart attack, and other related health problems. Your risk for heart disease and heart attack goes up as your LDL cholesterol level rises and your number of heart disease risk factors increases.",0]
["What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","99_4","What foods help in curbing cholesterol?","Super Food 1 - Soya Foods. Being naturally low in saturated fat, soya foods help lower cholesterol. The special proteins in soya also appear to influence how the body regulates cholesterol too. Studies show you can lower your cholesterol by around 6% by including as little as 15g soya protein per day.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What foods improve cholesterol?","Dinner. Foods high in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon, tuna and walnuts, can also help improve blood cholesterol levels. For dinner, try 3 oz. broiled salmon served with 1 cup brown rice and 1 cup steamed broccoli.",3,null,"What's the best way to reduce cholesterol with food?","Best Answer: A diet high in fiber is the best way to drop your cholesterol. Oatbran is proven to lower cholesterol, so try eating oatmeal with cinnamon (cinnamon was just recently discovered to lower LDL cholesterol in diabetes patients), and Cheerios.",3,null,"What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","If you eat unsaturated fat instead of saturated fat, it may help improve your cholesterol levels. Try to eat mostly unsaturated fats. Monounsaturated fat and polyunsaturated fat are types of unsaturated fat. Monounsaturated fat: This fat is in avocado, nuts, and vegetable oils, such as canola, olive, and peanut oils. Eating foods that are high in monounsaturated fats may help lower your bad LDL cholesterol.",3,null,153,false,"99_4_MARCO_2978164","MARCO_2978164","99_4_MARCO_6936080","MARCO_6936080","99_4_MARCO_474544","MARCO_474544",null,"What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","MARCO_982144","99_4_MARCO_982144","If you eat unsaturated fat instead of saturated fat, it may help improve your cholesterol levels. Try to eat mostly unsaturated fats. Monounsaturated fat and polyunsaturated fat are types of unsaturated fat. Monounsaturated fat: This fat is in avocado, nuts, and vegetable oils, such as canola, olive, and peanut oils. Eating foods that are high in monounsaturated fats may help lower your bad LDL cholesterol.",3]
["What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","99_4","What foods help in curbing cholesterol?","Foods that can help lower cholesterol. 1  A variety of whole- and multi-grain products, such as bran and oats. 2  Fatty fishes, such as salmon, mackerel and albacore tuna. 3  Foods rich in antioxidants, such as fruits and vegetables. 4  Foods high in omega-3 fatty acids, such as avocado, flax seeds, olive oil and canola oil.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What foods improve cholesterol?","Eating a diet high in fiber can improve your cholesterol levels. Dietary fiber is found in plant foods such as fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds, and beans and legumes. Both types of fiber, soluble and insoluble, are beneficial for your cholesterol levels.",3,null,"What's the best way to reduce cholesterol with food?","#1 Food to Lower Cholesterol. The best food for cholesterol is oats. With over 50 years of research, oats are the most trusted way to lower cholesterol naturally. But eating oatmeal everyday, throughout the day, can be tough. Few can tolerate eating oats consistently enough to enjoy the full benefit of lowering cholesterol naturally.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","1. Whole Eggs. Eggs are a controversial food in relation to high cholesterol. Some small studies have found that eating egg yolks can raise cholesterol levels. However, there have been a few very large studies that have shown that eating egg yolks can lower high cholesterol by raising your good cholesterol. This seems to only be applicable when you have a good diet to begin with.",3,null,153,false,"99_4_MARCO_7179791","MARCO_7179791","99_4_MARCO_6966036","MARCO_6966036","99_4_MARCO_6485976","MARCO_6485976",null,"What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","MARCO_5404852","99_4_MARCO_5404852","1. Whole Eggs. Eggs are a controversial food in relation to high cholesterol. Some small studies have found that eating egg yolks can raise cholesterol levels. However, there have been a few very large studies that have shown that eating egg yolks can lower high cholesterol by raising your good cholesterol. This seems to only be applicable when you have a good diet to begin with.",3]
["What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","99_4","What foods help in curbing cholesterol?","Foods that can help to lower cholesterol those foods which are low in saturated fat, high in fiber, and low in carbohydrates. These include oats, fish and omega-3 fatty acids such as trout and salmon. Walnuts, almonds and other nuts can reduce cholesterol.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What foods improve cholesterol?","And while you probably know about the cholesterol-busting powers of oatmeal, beans, and olive oil, you may be surprised to discover that some of your favorite foods can also make an improvement in your cholesterol profile.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What's the best way to reduce cholesterol with food?","Go Vegan to reduce your cholesterol and heart disease risk. A diet to lower cholesterol based on plant foodsâ€”grains, beans, vegetables, and fruitsâ€”is the best way to keep saturated fat intake low and to avoid cholesterol completely. A vegan diet is free of all animal products and yields the lowest risk of heart disease.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","1. Whole Eggs. Eggs are a controversial food in relation to high cholesterol. Some small studies have found that eating egg yolks can raise cholesterol levels. However, there have been a few very large studies that have shown that eating egg yolks can lower high cholesterol by raising your good cholesterol.",3,null,153,false,"99_4_MARCO_448525","MARCO_448525","99_4_MARCO_6966034","MARCO_6966034","99_4_MARCO_7223207","MARCO_7223207",null,"What should I eat to improve high cholesterol?","MARCO_1536623","99_4_MARCO_1536623","1. Whole Eggs. Eggs are a controversial food in relation to high cholesterol. Some small studies have found that eating egg yolks can raise cholesterol levels. However, there have been a few very large studies that have shown that eating egg yolks can lower high cholesterol by raising your good cholesterol.",3]
["What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","99_5","What's better, saturated fat or trans fats?","No, saturated fats and trans fats are different. Saturated fat increases low-density lipoprotein, which is bad for you. Trans fats do the same thing, but also lower high-density lipoprotein, which is good for you. Trans fats are a lot worse.",3,null,"How do saturated fat and trans-fat differ?","No, saturated fats and trans fats are different. Saturated fat increases low-density lipoprotein, which is bad for you. Trans fats do the same thing, but also lower high-density lipoprotein, which is good for you. Trans fats are a lot worse.",3,null,"What is healthier trans-fat or saturated fat?","No, saturated fats and trans fats are different. Saturated fat increases low-density lipoprotein, which is bad for you. Trans fats do the same thing, but also lower high-density lipoprotein, which is good for you. Trans fats are a lot worse.",3,null,"What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","No, saturated fats and trans fats are different. Saturated fat increases low-density lipoprotein, which is bad for you. Trans fats do the same thing, but also lower high-density lipoprotein, which is good for you. Trans fats are a lot worse.",3,null,154,true,"99_5_MARCO_7416669","MARCO_7416669","99_5_MARCO_7416669","MARCO_7416669","99_5_MARCO_7416669","MARCO_7416669",null,"What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","MARCO_7416669","99_5_MARCO_7416669","No, saturated fats and trans fats are different. Saturated fat increases low-density lipoprotein, which is bad for you. Trans fats do the same thing, but also lower high-density lipoprotein, which is good for you. Trans fats are a lot worse.",3]
["What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","99_5","What's better, saturated fat or trans fats?","Best Answer: Unsaturated fats are better than saturated fats. plant fats are better than animal fats. low density lipids are bad, high density lipids are good trans fats are bad avoid hydrogenated oils.est Answer: Unsaturated fats are better than saturated fats. plant fats are better than animal fats. low density lipids are bad, high density lipids are good trans fats are bad avoid hydrogenated oils.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How do saturated fat and trans-fat differ?","Saturated fats are fats that have no double bonds between the carbons in the fatty acid chains; they are saturated by hydrogen atoms instead. Trans fats are polyunsaturated fats that have been modified by hydrogenation to stay solid at room temperature.",0,null,"What is healthier trans-fat or saturated fat?","Saturated fats (typically from animal sources) have been a staple in many world cultures for millennia. Unsaturated fats (e. g., vegetable oil) are considered healthier, while trans fats are to be avoided.  Saturated and some trans fats are typically solid at room temperature (such as butter or lard), while unsaturated fats are typically liquids (such as olive oil or flaxseed oil). Trans fats are very rare in nature, and have been shown to be highly detrimental to human health, but have properties useful in the food processing industry, such as rancidity resistance.",3,null,"What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","Saturated fats are fats that have no double bonds between the carbons in the fatty acid chains; they are saturated by hydrogen atoms instead. Trans fats are polyunsaturated fats that have been modified by hydrogenation to stay solid at room temperature.",0,null,154,true,"99_5_MARCO_3738876","MARCO_3738876","99_5_MARCO_7500400","MARCO_7500400","99_5_CAR_3380b2e1868a892df5458b173b8acd5a065b16cd","CAR_3380b2e1868a892df5458b173b8acd5a065b16cd",null,"What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","MARCO_7500400","99_5_MARCO_7500400","Saturated fats are fats that have no double bonds between the carbons in the fatty acid chains; they are saturated by hydrogen atoms instead. Trans fats are polyunsaturated fats that have been modified by hydrogenation to stay solid at room temperature.",0]
["What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","99_5","What's better, saturated fat or trans fats?","Fortunately, trans fats have been eliminated from many of these foods. Saturated fats, while not as harmful as trans fats, by comparison with unsaturated fats negatively impact health and are best consumed in moderation. Foods containing large amounts of saturated fat include red meat, butter, cheese, and ice cream.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How do saturated fat and trans-fat differ?","Difference. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. This is because saturated and unsaturated fats differ in their chemical structures. Saturated fats have no double bond between molecules, which means there are no gaps and the fat is saturated with hydrogen molecules.",0,null,"What is healthier trans-fat or saturated fat?","Fortunately, trans fats have been eliminated from many of these foods. Saturated fats, while not as harmful as trans fats, by comparison with unsaturated fats negatively impact health and are best consumed in moderation. Foods containing large amounts of saturated fat include red meat, butter, cheese, and ice cream. When you cut back on foods like red meat and butter, replace them with fish, beans, nuts, and healthy oils instead of refined carbohydrates.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","Difference. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. This is because saturated and unsaturated fats differ in their chemical structures. Saturated fats have no double bond between molecules, which means there are no gaps and the fat is saturated with hydrogen molecules.",0,null,154,true,"99_5_MARCO_1006404","MARCO_1006404","99_5_MARCO_1549775","MARCO_1549775","99_5_MARCO_8465438","MARCO_8465438",null,"What are the differences between saturated fat and trans fat?","MARCO_1549775","99_5_MARCO_1549775","Difference. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. This is because saturated and unsaturated fats differ in their chemical structures. Saturated fats have no double bond between molecules, which means there are no gaps and the fat is saturated with hydrogen molecules.",0]
["What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","99_6","What are the advantages of unsaturated fat?","Eating unsaturated fat in place of refined grains and sugar can improve blood cholesterol profiles and lower triglycerides, and in turn, lower the risk of heart disease. It is essential to include a special kind of unsaturated fat, called omega-3 fats, in the diet; good sources include fish, walnuts, flax seeds, and canola oil. Keep in mind that omega-3 fats from marine sources, such as fish and shellfish, have much more powerful health benefits than omega-3 fats from plant sources, like walnuts and flax seeds.",3,null,"Is saturated fat good for you?","Why Saturated Fat Can Be Good For You. Saturated fat has been shown to have loads of positive effects on the body, including: 1  Liver Health: Saturated fat encourages the liver cells to dump their fat cells, which helps the liver to function more effectively.",0,null,"How are unsaturated fats better for your health?","Understanding Unsaturated Fats For Better Health. Unsaturated fats include the two heart healthy choices-polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats. Found primarily in fish, plant oils, seeds and nuts, these healthy fats have been shown to lower blood cholesterol levels and lessen your risk of cardiovascular disease.any studies also show that unsaturated fats even help to lower LDL cholesterol slightly when included as part of a diet low in trans fats and saturated fats. Though fats get a bad name, they are necessary in your diet to maintain warmth in the body, keep skin and hair healthy and store energy.",3,null,"What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","Unsaturated fats. Unsaturated fats are an important part of a healthy diet. These fats help reduce the risk of heart disease and lower cholesterol levels (among other health benefits) when they replace saturated fats in the diet.",3,null,155,false,"99_6_MARCO_7262354","MARCO_7262354","99_6_MARCO_4167961","MARCO_4167961","99_6_MARCO_3254994","MARCO_3254994",null,"What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","MARCO_1630045","99_6_MARCO_1630045","Unsaturated fats. Unsaturated fats are an important part of a healthy diet. These fats help reduce the risk of heart disease and lower cholesterol levels (among other health benefits) when they replace saturated fats in the diet.",3]
["What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","99_6","What are the advantages of unsaturated fat?","Unsaturated fats. Unsaturated fats are an important part of a healthy diet. These fats help reduce the risk of heart disease and lower cholesterol levels (among other health benefits) when they replace saturated fats in the diet.",3,null,"Is saturated fat good for you?","Why Saturated Fat Can Be Good For You. Saturated fat has been shown to have loads of positive effects on the body, including: 1  Liver Health: Saturated fat encourages the liver cells to dump their fat cells, which helps the liver to function more effectively.hy Saturated Fat Can Be Good For You. Saturated fat has been shown to have loads of positive effects on the body, including: 1  Liver Health: Saturated fat encourages the liver cells to dump their fat cells, which helps the liver to function more effectively.",0,null,"How are unsaturated fats better for your health?","Understanding Unsaturated Fats For Better Health. Unsaturated fats include the two heart healthy choices-polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats. Found primarily in fish, plant oils, seeds and nuts, these healthy fats have been shown to lower blood cholesterol levels and lessen your risk of cardiovascular disease.nsaturated fats are in liquid form at room temperature. Polyunsaturated fats also contain Omega-3 fatty acids, an essential fatty acid that your body cannot make on its own, but one that is necessary to maintain a healthy body.",3,null,"What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","Eating unsaturated fat in place of refined grains and sugar can improve blood cholesterol profiles and lower triglycerides, and in turn, lower the risk of heart disease. It is essential to include a special kind of unsaturated fat, called omega-3 fats, in the diet; good sources include fish, walnuts, flax seeds, and canola oil. Keep in mind that omega-3 fats from marine sources, such as fish and shellfish, have much more powerful health benefits than omega-3 fats from plant sources, like walnuts and flax seeds.",3,null,155,false,"99_6_MARCO_1630045","MARCO_1630045","99_6_MARCO_5844593","MARCO_5844593","99_6_MARCO_4781236","MARCO_4781236",null,"What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","MARCO_7262354","99_6_MARCO_7262354","Eating unsaturated fat in place of refined grains and sugar can improve blood cholesterol profiles and lower triglycerides, and in turn, lower the risk of heart disease. It is essential to include a special kind of unsaturated fat, called omega-3 fats, in the diet; good sources include fish, walnuts, flax seeds, and canola oil. Keep in mind that omega-3 fats from marine sources, such as fish and shellfish, have much more powerful health benefits than omega-3 fats from plant sources, like walnuts and flax seeds.",3]
["What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","99_6","What are the advantages of unsaturated fat?","Reduce Cholesterol. The Dietary Guidelines indicate most Americans consume too much saturated and trans fats and not enough unsaturated fats (monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats). In fact, the most recent guidelines recommend replacing bad trans and saturated fats with good fats. A diet high in unsaturated fat helps reduce heart disease and stroke by reducing both total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglyceride (fat in the blood) levels.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"Is saturated fat good for you?","But they fell into a dangerous trap: they started saying that saturated fats such as butter and coconut oil are good for you. This is by no means true. Though angelic compared with trans fats, eating too much saturated fat will damage your health by displacing healthier foods. Trying to replace saturated fats completely with low-fat options, though, means youâ€™ll be eating more sugar and refined carbohydrates, which will do you worse, so saturated fats should be used wisely to make some healthy foods more satisfying. The heroes are unsaturated fats from whole food sources. Olive oil, seeds, nuts, oily fish and avocados, if prioritised over saturated fats, can help you lose weight and avoid heart disease. And they may even protect against neurological disorders such as depression. The health benefits of these fats is a simple message that should not get lost in a complicated history.",3,null,"How are unsaturated fats better for your health?","Eating unsaturated fat in place of refined grains and sugar can improve blood cholesterol profiles and lower triglycerides, and in turn, lower the risk of heart disease. It is essential to include a special kind of unsaturated fat, called omega-3 fats, in the diet; good sources include fish, walnuts, flax seeds, and canola oil. Keep in mind that omega-3 fats from marine sources, such as fish and shellfish, have much more powerful health benefits than omega-3 fats from plant sources, like walnuts and flax seeds.",3,null,"What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","Reduce Cholesterol. The Dietary Guidelines indicate most Americans consume too much saturated and trans fats and not enough unsaturated fats (monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats). In fact, the most recent guidelines recommend replacing bad trans and saturated fats with good fats. A diet high in unsaturated fat helps reduce heart disease and stroke by reducing both total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglyceride (fat in the blood) levels.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,155,false,"99_6_MARCO_7761220","MARCO_7761220","99_6_MARCO_7377319","MARCO_7377319","99_6_MARCO_7262354","MARCO_7262354",null,"What are the benefits of unsaturated fats?","MARCO_7761220","99_6_MARCO_7761220","Reduce Cholesterol. The Dietary Guidelines indicate most Americans consume too much saturated and trans fats and not enough unsaturated fats (monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats). In fact, the most recent guidelines recommend replacing bad trans and saturated fats with good fats. A diet high in unsaturated fat helps reduce heart disease and stroke by reducing both total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglyceride (fat in the blood) levels.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3]
["Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","99_7","Fish sounds good. What else are some foods that are good sources of unsaturated fats?","Foods That Are Higher in Unsaturated Fats and How to Fit Them into Your Diet. 1  Fatty fish. Fish are generally lean and good to include in your lipid-lowering diet. However, some fish are high in omega-3 fats, a type of polyunsaturated fatty acid. Fish in this category would include salmon, mackerel, herring, tuna, and anchovy.",0,null,"Besides fish, what foods do you think are best sources of unsaturated fats?","Unsaturated fats. 1  Sunflower, corn, soybean, and flaxseed oils. 2  Walnuts. 3  Flax seeds. 4  Fish. 5  Canola oil â€“ though higher in monounsaturated fat, itâ€™s also a good source of polyunsaturated fat.",3,null,"Other than Fish, which foods are rich in unsaturated fats?","Avocados and Nuts. Avocados are a fruit rich in monounsaturated fat, a good fat that helps protect against heart disease, according to Oprah.com. Monounsaturated fats are found mainly in plant foods such as oils, nuts and seeds.Avocados are also high in beta-sitosterol, which helps lower blood cholesterol levels.ish that are rich in omega-3 fatty acids include salmon, mackerel, sardines and herring. Flaxseed, as well as some other seeds -- such as chia -- also contain omega-3 fatty acids. Vegetable oils are made up of healthy unsaturated fats. One especially healthful type is olive oil, an oil rich in monounsaturated fat.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","Unsaturated fat is the healthiest type of fat. Plant oils, such as olive, canola, corn, peanut and other nut oils; nuts, such as almonds, peanuts, walnuts, and pistachios; avocados; and fish, especially oily fish such as salmon and canned tuna, are excellent sources of unsaturated fat.",3,null,156,true,"99_7_MARCO_7155220","MARCO_7155220","99_7_MARCO_8181415","MARCO_8181415","99_7_MARCO_2709165","MARCO_2709165",null,"Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","MARCO_1124792","99_7_MARCO_1124792","Unsaturated fat is the healthiest type of fat. Plant oils, such as olive, canola, corn, peanut and other nut oils; nuts, such as almonds, peanuts, walnuts, and pistachios; avocados; and fish, especially oily fish such as salmon and canned tuna, are excellent sources of unsaturated fat.",3]
["Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","99_7","Fish sounds good. What else are some foods that are good sources of unsaturated fats?","Eating unsaturated fat in place of refined grains and sugar can improve blood cholesterol profiles and lower triglycerides, and in turn, lower the risk of heart disease. It is essential to include a special kind of unsaturated fat, called omega-3 fats, in the diet; good sources include fish, walnuts, flax seeds, and canola oil. Keep in mind that omega-3 fats from marine sources, such as fish and shellfish, have much more powerful health benefits than omega-3 fats from plant sources, like walnuts and flax seeds.",3,null,"Besides fish, what foods do you think are best sources of unsaturated fats?","Unsaturated fat is the healthiest type of fat. Plant oils, such as olive, canola, corn, peanut and other nut oils; nuts, such as almonds, peanuts, walnuts, and pistachios; avocados; and fish, especially oily fish such as salmon and canned tuna, are excellent sources of unsaturated fat.",3,null,"Other than Fish, which foods are rich in unsaturated fats?","Foods containing unsaturated fats include: 1  Nuts. 2  Plant oils such as canola, vegetable, or plant oil. 3  Certain fish like salmon, tuna, and anchovy, which contain omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids. 4  Olives. 5  Avocados.",3,null,"Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","Unsaturated fats. 1  Sunflower, corn, soybean, and flaxseed oils. 2  Walnuts. 3  Flax seeds. 4  Fish. 5  Canola oil â€“ though higher in monounsaturated fat, itâ€™s also a good source of polyunsaturated fat.",3,null,156,true,"99_7_MARCO_7262354","MARCO_7262354","99_7_MARCO_1124792","MARCO_1124792","99_7_MARCO_625421","MARCO_625421",null,"Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","MARCO_8181415","99_7_MARCO_8181415","Unsaturated fats. 1  Sunflower, corn, soybean, and flaxseed oils. 2  Walnuts. 3  Flax seeds. 4  Fish. 5  Canola oil â€“ though higher in monounsaturated fat, itâ€™s also a good source of polyunsaturated fat.",3]
["Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","99_7","Fish sounds good. What else are some foods that are good sources of unsaturated fats?","Unsaturated fats. 1  Sunflower, corn, soybean, and flaxseed oils. 2  Walnuts. 3  Flax seeds. 4  Fish. 5  Canola oil â€“ though higher in monounsaturated fat, itâ€™s also a good source of polyunsaturated fat.",3,null,"Besides fish, what foods do you think are best sources of unsaturated fats?","1 Unsaturated fats are found in plant foods, like avocados, nuts, olive oil, peanut oil, canola oil, corn oil, and safflower oil. 2  Fatty fish, such as salmon, herring, albacore tuna, trout, and mackerel, also have unsaturated fats.",3,null,"Other than Fish, which foods are rich in unsaturated fats?","Foods That Are Higher in Unsaturated Fats and How to Fit Them into Your Diet. 1  Fatty fish. Fish are generally lean and good to include in your lipid-lowering diet. However, some fish are high in omega-3 fats, a type of polyunsaturated fatty acid. Fish in this category would include salmon, mackerel, herring, tuna, and anchovy.",0,null,"Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","Foods That Are Higher in Unsaturated Fats and How to Fit Them into Your Diet. 1  Fatty fish. Fish are generally lean and good to include in your lipid-lowering diet. However, some fish are high in omega-3 fats, a type of polyunsaturated fatty acid. Fish in this category would include salmon, mackerel, herring, tuna, and anchovy.",0,null,156,true,"99_7_MARCO_8181415","MARCO_8181415","99_7_MARCO_4376956","MARCO_4376956","99_7_MARCO_7155220","MARCO_7155220",null,"Oh, I like fish. What foods besides fish are good sources of unsaturated fats?","MARCO_7155220","99_7_MARCO_7155220","Foods That Are Higher in Unsaturated Fats and How to Fit Them into Your Diet. 1  Fatty fish. Fish are generally lean and good to include in your lipid-lowering diet. However, some fish are high in omega-3 fats, a type of polyunsaturated fatty acid. Fish in this category would include salmon, mackerel, herring, tuna, and anchovy.",0]
["What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","99_8","What kind of unsaturated fats are in olive oil?","Answers from Katherine Zeratsky, R.D., L.D. The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are considered a healthy dietary fat. If you replace saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats, such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3,null,"Does olive oil contains unsaturated fat?","Unsaturated Fat. Olive oil is obviously high in fat, with 1 tablespoon containing 13.5 grams of total fat. Itâ€™s one of the good fats, though, because 84 percent of the total fat consists of healthy unsaturated fats, primarily monounsaturated fats, such as oleic acid.",0,null,"What types of fats do olive oil have? Are they unsaturated?","Answers from Katherine Zeratsky, R.D., L.D. The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are considered a healthy dietary fat. If you replace saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats, such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3,null,"What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","Answers from Katherine Zeratsky, R.D., L.D. The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are considered a healthy dietary fat. If you replace saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats, such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3,null,157,false,"99_8_MARCO_5528146","MARCO_5528146","99_8_MARCO_5142748","MARCO_5142748","99_8_MARCO_5528146","MARCO_5528146",null,"What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","MARCO_5528146","99_8_MARCO_5528146","Answers from Katherine Zeratsky, R.D., L.D. The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are considered a healthy dietary fat. If you replace saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats, such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3]
["What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","99_8","What kind of unsaturated fats are in olive oil?","The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are actually considered a healthy dietary fat. If your diet replaces saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits. MUFAs and PUFAs may help lower your risk of heart disease by improving related risk factors.",0,null,"Does olive oil contains unsaturated fat?","Olive oil is a source of unsaturated fat. Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats don't deserve the bad reputation of fat in general. These types are fat are actually a healthy part of your diet and should make up the majority of the fat you eat each day.",3,null,"What types of fats do olive oil have? Are they unsaturated?","The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are considered a healthy dietary fat. If you replace saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats, such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3,null,"What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are actually considered a healthy dietary fat. If your diet replaces saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits. MUFAs and PUFAs may help lower your risk of heart disease by improving related risk factors.",0,null,157,false,"99_8_MARCO_3083207","MARCO_3083207","99_8_MARCO_8254401","MARCO_8254401","99_8_MARCO_126156","MARCO_126156",null,"What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","MARCO_3083207","99_8_MARCO_3083207","The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are actually considered a healthy dietary fat. If your diet replaces saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits. MUFAs and PUFAs may help lower your risk of heart disease by improving related risk factors.",0]
["What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","99_8","What kind of unsaturated fats are in olive oil?","The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are actually considered a healthy dietary fat. If your diet replaces saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3,null,"Does olive oil contains unsaturated fat?","Thus, various unsaturated fat vegetable oils, such as olive oils, also contain saturated fat. In chemical analysis, fatty acids are separated by gas chromatography of methyl esters; additionally, a separation of unsaturated isomers is possible by argentation thin-layer chromatography.",0,null,"What types of fats do olive oil have? Are they unsaturated?","The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are actually considered a healthy dietary fat. If your diet replaces saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3,null,"What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are actually considered a healthy dietary fat. If your diet replaces saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3,null,157,false,"99_8_MARCO_3928986","MARCO_3928986","99_8_MARCO_6727082","MARCO_6727082","99_8_MARCO_3928986","MARCO_3928986",null,"What types of unsaturated fats does olive oil contain?","MARCO_3928986","99_8_MARCO_3928986","The main type of fat found in all kinds of olive oil is monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). MUFAs are actually considered a healthy dietary fat. If your diet replaces saturated and trans fats with unsaturated fats such as MUFAs and polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), you may gain certain health benefits.",3]
["What causes my teeth to chip off?","100_1","Why do pieces of my teeth break off?","Sometimes teeth break because they have been weakened by untreated tooth decay, or because old dental work is failing. Repairing this may involve any of the procedures mentioned above. If the tooth has broken off at the gum line, it will probably have to be extracted.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"Why do teeth chip?","Having a chipped tooth isnâ€™t an uncommon problemâ€”in fact, according to the American Association of Endodontists (AAE), chipped teeth account for the majority of all dental injuries. Teeth can develop chips from a variety of causes: suffering a sudden stress or impact; losing structure at the site of an untreated cavity or an old, weakened filling; or biting down on a hard object, like candy, ice or fingernails.",3,null,"What causes teeth to chip?","The possible causes of a chipped tooth include: 1  Falling and hitting your mouth. 2  Biting on a hard object or food, such as a hard candy or a bone. 3  Suffering trauma to the face from a sports injury or accident.  Cavities which can weaken the teeth and predispose you to a chipped tooth.",4,null,"What causes my teeth to chip off?","The possible causes of a chipped tooth include: 1  Falling and hitting your mouth. 2  Biting on a hard object or food, such as a hard candy or a bone. 3  Suffering trauma to the face from a sports injury or accident.  Cavities which can weaken the teeth and predispose you to a chipped tooth.",4,null,158,true,"100_1_MARCO_2272225","MARCO_2272225","100_1_MARCO_8175397","MARCO_8175397","100_1_MARCO_4051652","MARCO_4051652",null,"What causes my teeth to chip off?","MARCO_4051652","100_1_MARCO_4051652","The possible causes of a chipped tooth include: 1  Falling and hitting your mouth. 2  Biting on a hard object or food, such as a hard candy or a bone. 3  Suffering trauma to the face from a sports injury or accident.  Cavities which can weaken the teeth and predispose you to a chipped tooth.",4]
["What causes my teeth to chip off?","100_1","Why do pieces of my teeth break off?","Teeth are remarkably strong, but they can chip, crack (fracture) or break. When a tooth chips or breaks, it may not hurt. However, your tongue usually feels the sharp area quite quickly. Minor tooth fractures usually don't cause pain, but if a large piece of the tooth breaks off, it can hurt. The nerve inside the tooth may be damaged.",0,null,"Why do teeth chip?","4. Poor nutrition. What you eat has a lot to do with your chances for chipping. Consuming sugary, starchy, or acidic foods can erode your enamel and make your teeth more vulnerable to decay. In addition, eating snacks that put undue pressure on your teeth can raise your risk for damage.",1,null,"What causes teeth to chip?","Having a chipped tooth isnâ€™t an uncommon problemâ€”in fact, according to the American Association of Endodontists (AAE), chipped teeth account for the majority of all dental injuries. Teeth can develop chips from a variety of causes: suffering a sudden stress or impact; losing structure at the site of an untreated cavity or an old, weakened filling; or biting down on a hard object, like candy, ice or fingernails.",3,null,"What causes my teeth to chip off?","Having a chipped tooth isnâ€™t an uncommon problemâ€”in fact, according to the American Association of Endodontists (AAE), chipped teeth account for the majority of all dental injuries. Teeth can develop chips from a variety of causes: suffering a sudden stress or impact; losing structure at the site of an untreated cavity or an old, weakened filling; or biting down on a hard object, like candy, ice or fingernails.",3,null,158,true,"100_1_MARCO_2742931","MARCO_2742931","100_1_MARCO_8367819","MARCO_8367819","100_1_MARCO_8175397","MARCO_8175397",null,"What causes my teeth to chip off?","MARCO_8175397","100_1_MARCO_8175397","Having a chipped tooth isnâ€™t an uncommon problemâ€”in fact, according to the American Association of Endodontists (AAE), chipped teeth account for the majority of all dental injuries. Teeth can develop chips from a variety of causes: suffering a sudden stress or impact; losing structure at the site of an untreated cavity or an old, weakened filling; or biting down on a hard object, like candy, ice or fingernails.",3]
["What causes my teeth to chip off?","100_1","Why do pieces of my teeth break off?","Your wisdom teeth were removed from sockets made of bone. Sometimes little pieces of the bony socket break off during the extraction, then they eventually work their way out of the gum, similar to how a sliver eventually works its way out of your skin. This can occur anytime from days to years after the surgery.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why do teeth chip?","Sometimes teeth are vulnerable to chipping because of the way they contact the opposing tooth in the opposite jaw. It may be necessary to adjust the bite relationship between the upper and lower teeth (equilibration) in such cases.y contrast, it's not uncommon for patients to be unaware of chipped posterior teeth (the back ones), until the dentist points them out at a routine exam. Lack of awareness does not mean they shouldn't be fixed, however.",1,null,"What causes teeth to chip?","4. Poor nutrition. What you eat has a lot to do with your chances for chipping. Consuming sugary, starchy, or acidic foods can erode your enamel and make your teeth more vulnerable to decay. In addition, eating snacks that put undue pressure on your teeth can raise your risk for damage.",1,null,"What causes my teeth to chip off?","4. Poor nutrition. What you eat has a lot to do with your chances for chipping. Consuming sugary, starchy, or acidic foods can erode your enamel and make your teeth more vulnerable to decay. In addition, eating snacks that put undue pressure on your teeth can raise your risk for damage.",1,null,158,true,"100_1_MARCO_7573914","MARCO_7573914","100_1_MARCO_4037444","MARCO_4037444","100_1_MARCO_8367819","MARCO_8367819",null,"What causes my teeth to chip off?","MARCO_8367819","100_1_MARCO_8367819","4. Poor nutrition. What you eat has a lot to do with your chances for chipping. Consuming sugary, starchy, or acidic foods can erode your enamel and make your teeth more vulnerable to decay. In addition, eating snacks that put undue pressure on your teeth can raise your risk for damage.",1]
["Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","100_2","Can your dentist repair a chipped tooth?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy.",3,null,"How can I fix a chipped tooth?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy.",3,null,"How can dental professionals treat chipped teeth?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy.",3,null,"Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy.",3,null,159,false,"100_2_MARCO_8367823","MARCO_8367823","100_2_MARCO_8367823","MARCO_8367823","100_2_MARCO_8367823","MARCO_8367823",null,"Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","MARCO_8367823","100_2_MARCO_8367823","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy.",3]
["Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","100_2","Can your dentist repair a chipped tooth?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy. Learn more about Repairing Chipped Teeth.",3,null,"How can I fix a chipped tooth?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy. Learn more about Repairing Chipped Teeth.",3,null,"How can dental professionals treat chipped teeth?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy. Learn more about Repairing Chipped Teeth.",3,null,"Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy. Learn more about Repairing Chipped Teeth.",3,null,159,false,"100_2_MARCO_6108225","MARCO_6108225","100_2_MARCO_6108225","MARCO_6108225","100_2_MARCO_6108225","MARCO_6108225",null,"Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","MARCO_6108225","100_2_MARCO_6108225","As for repairing a chipped tooth, your dentist can usually fix minor chips with modern bonding techniques using tooth-colored filling materials. For larger chips that involve more tooth structure, your dentist may suggest a crown (cap) or a veneer. The most important thing to remember is that if you chip a tooth, you need to see a dental professional for a proper evaluation and treatment remedy. Learn more about Repairing Chipped Teeth.",3]
["Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","100_2","Can your dentist repair a chipped tooth?","Due to advances in modern cosmetic dentistry, there are now a number of techniques which dentists can use to repair chipped teeth. Often, patients will have their chipped teeth repaired as part of a broader programme of cosmetic and orthodontic work to improve the overall quality of their smile for the future. If you have a chipped tooth, the first step in the repair process is usually an evaluation from your dentist.",0,null,"How can I fix a chipped tooth?","Here is more information to help you deal with a chipped tooth at home, before you see the dentist. 1  Rinse your mouth with warm, salt water to relieve pain and help to prevent infection. 2  To stop bleeding, apply pressure with clean gauze. 3  Place an ice pack on your face where the chipped tooth is to reduce swelling. Use temporary dental cement on the chipped tooth if you canâ€™t see your dentist immediately. Put sugarless gum or dental wax over sharp areas to protect your tongue and cheeks. Take an over-the-counter pain medication, if needed. Consume only liquids and soft foods.",0,null,"How can dental professionals treat chipped teeth?","A dentist fixing a chipped tooth. A cross section of a tooth. A chipped tooth may cause pain when chewing. Chipped teeth may be treated with porcelain veneers to give someone a more natural look. Dental X-ray. Cosmetic and reconstructive dentists can restore chipped teeth to their original appearance.",1,null,"Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","Have the tooth contoured. If the crack or chip in your tooth was slight, the dentist might opt to contour it. This involves shaving down and polishing the crack to make it smoother and unable to cause any cuts or abrasions. This is a simple fix that should involve minimal pain and only one visit to the dentist.",1,null,159,false,"100_2_MARCO_5561850","MARCO_5561850","100_2_MARCO_6108227","MARCO_6108227","100_2_MARCO_4051654","MARCO_4051654",null,"Oh, what can dentists do to fix a chipped tooth?","MARCO_5561849","100_2_MARCO_5561849","Have the tooth contoured. If the crack or chip in your tooth was slight, the dentist might opt to contour it. This involves shaving down and polishing the crack to make it smoother and unable to cause any cuts or abrasions. This is a simple fix that should involve minimal pain and only one visit to the dentist.",1]
["What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","100_3","What are the pros and cons of dental veneers and crowns?","Less tooth reduction is needed for a veneer as opposed to a dental crown. Though this is a positive thing, there are situations, like tooth decay, or broken tooth, where a teeth veneer simply wonâ€™t do. That is why dental crowns exist. Also, dental crowns are much stronger when compared to veneers.",3,null,"What is the difference between a veneer and a dental crown?","Less tooth reduction is needed for a veneer as opposed to a dental crown. Though this is a positive thing, there are situations, like tooth decay, or broken tooth, where a teeth veneer simply wonâ€™t do. That is why dental crowns exist. Also, dental crowns are much stronger when compared to veneers.",3,null,"Which option is right for me, dental crowns or veneers?","If you want to restore and enhance the look of your smile you have two great options â€“ dental crowns or veneers. But in order to get the most from your new look itâ€™s important to understand the differences between these two options. This quick guide will make it easy to find the best choice for you.",0,null,"What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","Less tooth reduction is needed for a veneer as opposed to a dental crown. Though this is a positive thing, there are situations, like tooth decay, or broken tooth, where a teeth veneer simply wonâ€™t do. That is why dental crowns exist. Also, dental crowns are much stronger when compared to veneers.",3,null,160,true,"100_3_MARCO_4015098","MARCO_4015098","100_3_MARCO_4015098","MARCO_4015098","100_3_MARCO_2961674","MARCO_2961674",null,"What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","MARCO_4015098","100_3_MARCO_4015098","Less tooth reduction is needed for a veneer as opposed to a dental crown. Though this is a positive thing, there are situations, like tooth decay, or broken tooth, where a teeth veneer simply wonâ€™t do. That is why dental crowns exist. Also, dental crowns are much stronger when compared to veneers.",3]
["What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","100_3","What are the pros and cons of dental veneers and crowns?","Metal â€“ Metal dental crowns are among the strongest options, although their major disadvantage is their aesthetics. The material used to create these types of dental crowns is a metal alloy. The metal alloy can be a number of materials. PROS-Long lasting and durable. CONS-Metal is clearly visible and not aesthetically pleasing.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the difference between a veneer and a dental crown?","Veneers are generally preferable because there is less tooth reduction. However, if a tooth does not have sufficient enamel, or is broken down, a crown is necessary. Additionally, if someone's occlusion must be altered, crowns are the best option.",3,null,"Which option is right for me, dental crowns or veneers?","Dental veneer vs crown. This will depend primarily on how much tooth destruction you already have. If there are large fillings then you may need a crown. If there is an existing crown that needs replacing, then a dental veneer is impossible and you must have a crown.",2,null,"What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","Porcelain Crowns vs. Porcelain Veneers. There are several fundamental differences between porcelain crowns and veneers: Porcelain veneers are considered the less invasive, more conservative option because they only require the removal of a small portion of the tooth to apply.",3,null,160,true,"100_3_MARCO_3521771","MARCO_3521771","100_3_MARCO_5660525","MARCO_5660525","100_3_MARCO_2508797","MARCO_2508797",null,"What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","MARCO_3566366","100_3_MARCO_3566366","Porcelain Crowns vs. Porcelain Veneers. There are several fundamental differences between porcelain crowns and veneers: Porcelain veneers are considered the less invasive, more conservative option because they only require the removal of a small portion of the tooth to apply.",3]
["What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","100_3","What are the pros and cons of dental veneers and crowns?","Veneers are generally preferable because there is less tooth reduction. However, if a tooth does not have sufficient enamel, or is broken down, a crown is necessary. Additionally, if someone's occlusion must be altered, crowns are the best option.",3,null,"What is the difference between a veneer and a dental crown?","Porcelain Crowns vs. Porcelain Veneers. There are several fundamental differences between porcelain crowns and veneers: Porcelain veneers are considered the less invasive, more conservative option because they only require the removal of a small portion of the tooth to apply.",3,null,"Which option is right for me, dental crowns or veneers?","The options include dental bonding, porcelain veneers, or crowns. In this example we will discuss dental bonding. Dental bonding is a conservative way to repair teeth, it is easily repairable, it is the preferred option for children, and it is less expensive than porcelain veneers and crowns. The results with dental bonding can be just as dramatic as other options.",0,null,"What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","Veneers are generally preferable because there is less tooth reduction. However, if a tooth does not have sufficient enamel, or is broken down, a crown is necessary. Additionally, if someone's occlusion must be altered, crowns are the best option.",3,null,160,true,"100_3_MARCO_5660525","MARCO_5660525","100_3_MARCO_3566366","MARCO_3566366","100_3_MARCO_5593057","MARCO_5593057",null,"What are the differences between dental crowns and veneers?","MARCO_5660525","100_3_MARCO_5660525","Veneers are generally preferable because there is less tooth reduction. However, if a tooth does not have sufficient enamel, or is broken down, a crown is necessary. Additionally, if someone's occlusion must be altered, crowns are the best option.",3]
["How does an implant compare to a crown?","100_4","What are the differences between a dental implant and a dental crown?","Dental crowns are individual prosthetic teeth used to replace missing or severely damaged teeth. Crowns are implanted into the jawbone with a titanium implant root or placed with cement as a cap over an existing tooth.",0,null,"How do dental implants differ from dental crowns?","While a successful dental implant can last a lifetime, most crowns do not. They may need to be replaced or repaired periodically, and this is much easier to do if they are attached with screws. Loosening of the screw that attaches the restoration to the implant occasionally happens.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How is a dental implant different from a crown?","Rest assured, you can have both with either a â€œscrewed-inâ€\u009d or â€œcementedâ€\u009d implant crown. While implants replace teeth, they are artificial and behave differently from natural teeth. A quick recap will be helpful in explaining why. A dental implant is a tooth-root replacement, to which an implant crown is attached. The crown is the only part you see in the mouth. The implant is placed surgically in the bone of the jaw to which it fuses in a process called osseo-integration (â€œosseoâ€\u009d â€“ bone; â€œintegrateâ€\u009d â€“ to join or fuse).",2,null,"How does an implant compare to a crown?","An implant integrates with your jawbone and essentially replaces the root of the tooth. A crown is needed to make implants look like teeth again and fill spaces for aesthetics and chewing. If multiple spaces are present an implant may support a denture or a bridge instead.",1,null,161,false,"100_4_MARCO_5480462","MARCO_5480462","100_4_MARCO_8218539","MARCO_8218539","100_4_MARCO_8218535","MARCO_8218535",null,"How does an implant compare to a crown?","MARCO_933800","100_4_MARCO_933800","An implant integrates with your jawbone and essentially replaces the root of the tooth. A crown is needed to make implants look like teeth again and fill spaces for aesthetics and chewing. If multiple spaces are present an implant may support a denture or a bridge instead.",1]
["How does an implant compare to a crown?","100_4","What are the differences between a dental implant and a dental crown?","While a successful dental implant can last a lifetime, most crowns do not. They may need to be replaced or repaired periodically, and this is much easier to do if they are attached with screws. Loosening of the screw that attaches the restoration to the implant occasionally happens.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How do dental implants differ from dental crowns?","Rest assured, you can have both with either a â€œscrewed-inâ€\u009d or â€œcementedâ€\u009d implant crown. While implants replace teeth, they are artificial and behave differently from natural teeth. A quick recap will be helpful in explaining why. A dental implant is a tooth-root replacement, to which an implant crown is attached. The crown is the only part you see in the mouth. The implant is placed surgically in the bone of the jaw to which it fuses in a process called osseo-integration (â€œosseoâ€\u009d â€“ bone; â€œintegrateâ€\u009d â€“ to join or fuse).",2,null,"How is a dental implant different from a crown?","While a successful dental implant can last a lifetime, most crowns do not. They may need to be replaced or repaired periodically, and this is much easier to do if they are attached with screws. Loosening of the screw that attaches the restoration to the implant occasionally happens.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"How does an implant compare to a crown?","While a successful dental implant can last a lifetime, most crowns do not. They may need to be replaced or repaired periodically, and this is much easier to do if they are attached with screws. Loosening of the screw that attaches the restoration to the implant occasionally happens.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,161,false,"100_4_MARCO_8218539","MARCO_8218539","100_4_MARCO_8218535","MARCO_8218535","100_4_MARCO_8218539","MARCO_8218539",null,"How does an implant compare to a crown?","MARCO_8218539","100_4_MARCO_8218539","While a successful dental implant can last a lifetime, most crowns do not. They may need to be replaced or repaired periodically, and this is much easier to do if they are attached with screws. Loosening of the screw that attaches the restoration to the implant occasionally happens.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2]
["How does an implant compare to a crown?","100_4","What are the differences between a dental implant and a dental crown?","Rest assured, you can have both with either a â€œscrewed-inâ€\u009d or â€œcementedâ€\u009d implant crown. While implants replace teeth, they are artificial and behave differently from natural teeth. A quick recap will be helpful in explaining why. A dental implant is a tooth-root replacement, to which an implant crown is attached. The crown is the only part you see in the mouth. The implant is placed surgically in the bone of the jaw to which it fuses in a process called osseo-integration (â€œosseoâ€\u009d â€“ bone; â€œintegrateâ€\u009d â€“ to join or fuse).",2,null,"How do dental implants differ from dental crowns?","Dental crowns are individual prosthetic teeth used to replace missing or severely damaged teeth. Crowns are implanted into the jawbone with a titanium implant root or placed with cement as a cap over an existing tooth.",0,null,"How is a dental implant different from a crown?","Dental crowns are individual prosthetic teeth used to replace missing or severely damaged teeth. Crowns are implanted into the jawbone with a titanium implant root or placed with cement as a cap over an existing tooth.",0,null,"How does an implant compare to a crown?","A natural tooth consists of a root and a crown. If you compare natural teeth to implant-supported replacement teeth, youâ€™ll see they have the same basic parts. Both have a crown (the visible part used to chew food). Both have a root that holds the tooth securely under the gum and is anchored into the jaw.",2,null,161,false,"100_4_MARCO_8218535","MARCO_8218535","100_4_MARCO_5480462","MARCO_5480462","100_4_MARCO_5480462","MARCO_5480462",null,"How does an implant compare to a crown?","MARCO_6996200","100_4_MARCO_6996200","A natural tooth consists of a root and a crown. If you compare natural teeth to implant-supported replacement teeth, youâ€™ll see they have the same basic parts. Both have a crown (the visible part used to chew food). Both have a root that holds the tooth securely under the gum and is anchored into the jaw.",2]
["Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","100_5","Which is more costly, dental implants or crowns?","Dental implantation is one of the more costly dental treatments, ranging from $900 to $3,000 per implant. Alternatively, a dental bridge may cost significantly less, in the range of $700 to $1,500.",0,null,"What is cheaper, crown or dental implant?","It is better to extract it and place an implant which is far cheaper in the long-term than a root canal and crown. If the tooth is savable with a root canal for the long-term, that is what I would do in my own mouth or my familyâ€™s mouth. A dental implant placed by me has a 99% success rate as opposed to a root canal on a very compromised tooth that may only have a 40-50% survival rate at 10 years! If your tooth is restorable, by all means have the root canal. If not, the cost of a dental implant makes more sense in the long term. It does not cost that much more for something that will probably last your life.",1,null,"How much would an implant cost compared to a crown?","A single dental implant in the hands of a hight trained, busy, outstanding, quality based specialist should cost in the range of $2200 to $2500. The crown should cost between $2000 to $3000 performed by a skilled specialist such a prosthodontist.",3,null,"Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","Dental crowns are one of the most expensive dental procedures you can have done, often costing over $1,000 per tooth. So if you need a crown in the near future, itâ€™s definitely worth your time to investigate some ways to save money on this procedure.",0,null,162,true,"100_5_MARCO_5792126","MARCO_5792126","100_5_MARCO_5660528","MARCO_5660528","100_5_MARCO_1535011","MARCO_1535011",null,"Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","MARCO_719955","100_5_MARCO_719955","Dental crowns are one of the most expensive dental procedures you can have done, often costing over $1,000 per tooth. So if you need a crown in the near future, itâ€™s definitely worth your time to investigate some ways to save money on this procedure.",0]
["Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","100_5","Which is more costly, dental implants or crowns?","Dental implants are expensive. Though the cost of implants varies based on location and dental provider, a single tooth averages about $2,500. With each tooth, patients often need an abutment (which connects the implant to the crown) and crown, bringing the total cost to about $4,000 for a single tooth.",2,null,"What is cheaper, crown or dental implant?","It is better to extract it and place an implant which is far cheaper in the long-term than a root canal and crown. If the tooth is savable with a root canal for the long-term, that is what I would do in my own mouth or my familyâ€™s mouth. A dental implant placed by me has a 99% success rate as opposed to a root canal on a very compromised tooth that may only have a 40-50% survival rate at 10 years! If your tooth is restorable, by all means have the root canal. If not, the cost of a dental implant makes more sense in the long term.",1,null,"How much would an implant cost compared to a crown?","When looking at the price of an implant crown, most dentists charge two separate fees: one for the implant abutment and one for the implant crown. The implant abutment will range from $500 to $900, while the implant crown will range from $900-$1700. A wide distribution of prices exists because dentists have varied levels of experience and use different implants. Some dentists are highly trained in implant and cosmetic dentistry.",0,null,"Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","There are many different types of dental implant manufacturers using different materials, dental implant crowns, ceramists making the crowns and doctors planning and executing the treatment. Quality materials and highly skilled providers tend to be more expensive. On average the surgery costs $2000 and the crown $2000.",2,null,162,true,"100_5_MARCO_4043084","MARCO_4043084","100_5_MARCO_4666006","MARCO_4666006","100_5_MARCO_7368824","MARCO_7368824",null,"Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","MARCO_1535012","100_5_MARCO_1535012","There are many different types of dental implant manufacturers using different materials, dental implant crowns, ceramists making the crowns and doctors planning and executing the treatment. Quality materials and highly skilled providers tend to be more expensive. On average the surgery costs $2000 and the crown $2000.",2]
["Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","100_5","Which is more costly, dental implants or crowns?","There are many different types of dental implant manufacturers using different materials, dental implant crowns, ceramists making the crowns and doctors planning and executing the treatment. Quality materials and highly skilled providers tend to be more expensive. On average the surgery costs $2000 and the crown $2000.",2,null,"What is cheaper, crown or dental implant?","Although there are cheaper alternatives to dental implants, you have to take a few things into consideration. Let's say you lose one tooth and decide to have bridge work done. Take a few points into consideration: The procedure will cost almost as much as an implant does.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much would an implant cost compared to a crown?","Itâ€™s interesting to learn about how the cost for a dental implant varies between different countries. Whatâ€™s even more interesting is that the cost for an implant and a crown are similarly priced, since the implant costs between $1600 to $2000, and a crown costs $1000 to $3000.",3,null,"Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","Dental implants are expensive. Though the cost of implants varies based on location and dental provider, a single tooth averages about $2,500. With each tooth, patients often need an abutment (which connects the implant to the crown) and crown, bringing the total cost to about $4,000 for a single tooth.",2,null,162,true,"100_5_MARCO_1535012","MARCO_1535012","100_5_MARCO_1577754","MARCO_1577754","100_5_MARCO_323127","MARCO_323127",null,"Which one of dental implants or crowns is more expensive?","MARCO_4043084","100_5_MARCO_4043084","Dental implants are expensive. Though the cost of implants varies based on location and dental provider, a single tooth averages about $2,500. With each tooth, patients often need an abutment (which connects the implant to the crown) and crown, bringing the total cost to about $4,000 for a single tooth.",2]
["What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","100_6","What is the coverage of crowns in dental insurance?","Because dental crowns are typically used to restore a damaged tooth, dental insurance will usually offer partial or full coverage for the cost of treatment. Crowns used for strictly cosmetic purposes will often not be covered, since this would not be considered a medically necessary procedure.",3,null,"Which insurance company will provide coverage for dental crowns?","We have found that most of the major dental plans that we work with, including MetLife Dental, Guardian Dental, Humana Dental, Cigna Dental, Aetna Dental, Delta Dental and many more do offer a different range of the full coverage dental insurance plans.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the insurance coverage for a crown?","Dental insurance provides various levels of coverage, depending on the type and cost of crown you receive. All porcelain, porcelain fused to high noble metal, porcelain fused to noble metal, and porcelain fused to predominantly base metal have different costs and coverage levels.",1,null,"What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","Dental insurance might cover about 50% of the cost if the crown is needed for medical reasons, but dental crowns are typically not covered if they are considered cosmetic, and many dental plans have a maximum annual coverage limit of $1,000-$1,500.",3,null,163,false,"100_6_MARCO_4338646","MARCO_4338646","100_6_MARCO_6425259","MARCO_6425259","100_6_MARCO_1032849","MARCO_1032849",null,"What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","MARCO_964258","100_6_MARCO_964258","Dental insurance might cover about 50% of the cost if the crown is needed for medical reasons, but dental crowns are typically not covered if they are considered cosmetic, and many dental plans have a maximum annual coverage limit of $1,000-$1,500.",3]
["What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","100_6","What is the coverage of crowns in dental insurance?","Dental insurance might cover about 50% of the cost if the crown is needed for medical reasons, but dental crowns are typically not covered if they are considered cosmetic, and many dental plans have a maximum annual coverage limit of $1,000-$1,500.",3,null,"Which insurance company will provide coverage for dental crowns?","Because dental crowns are typically used to restore a damaged tooth, dental insurance will usually offer partial or full coverage for the cost of treatment. Crowns used for strictly cosmetic purposes will often not be covered, since this would not be considered a medically necessary procedure.",3,null,"What is the insurance coverage for a crown?","Dental insurance might cover about 50% of the cost if the crown is needed for medical reasons, but dental crowns are typically not covered if they are considered cosmetic, and many dental plans have a maximum annual coverage limit of $1,000-$1,500.",3,null,"What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","Because dental crowns are typically used to restore a damaged tooth, dental insurance will usually offer partial or full coverage for the cost of treatment. Crowns used for strictly cosmetic purposes will often not be covered, since this would not be considered a medically necessary procedure.",3,null,163,false,"100_6_MARCO_964258","MARCO_964258","100_6_MARCO_4338646","MARCO_4338646","100_6_MARCO_964258","MARCO_964258",null,"What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","MARCO_4338646","100_6_MARCO_4338646","Because dental crowns are typically used to restore a damaged tooth, dental insurance will usually offer partial or full coverage for the cost of treatment. Crowns used for strictly cosmetic purposes will often not be covered, since this would not be considered a medically necessary procedure.",3]
["What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","100_6","What is the coverage of crowns in dental insurance?","Dental insurance provides various levels of coverage, depending on the type and cost of crown you receive. All porcelain, porcelain fused to high noble metal, porcelain fused to noble metal, and porcelain fused to predominantly base metal have different costs and coverage levels.",1,null,"Which insurance company will provide coverage for dental crowns?","InsuranceCompany.com is a specialist in dental insurance, dental discount plans, vision and prescription coverage programs for individuals, families and groups. We have been serving the dental community since 1983, you will find our licensed dental insurance agents are well informed and ready to assist you.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is the insurance coverage for a crown?","On average a dental cost will cost around a $1000 and if you have an insurance with 80% coverage, you will have to pay $200 out of your pocket and the rest will be paid by your insurance company. But normally insurance companies do not give an 80% coverage for crowns and will cover up to 50-60% at most.",4,null,"What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","Dental insurance provides various levels of coverage, depending on the type and cost of crown you receive. All porcelain, porcelain fused to high noble metal, porcelain fused to noble metal, and porcelain fused to predominantly base metal have different costs and coverage levels.",1,null,163,false,"100_6_MARCO_1032849","MARCO_1032849","100_6_MARCO_6598191","MARCO_6598191","100_6_MARCO_6550770","MARCO_6550770",null,"What is the coverage of the crown in insurance?","MARCO_1032849","100_6_MARCO_1032849","Dental insurance provides various levels of coverage, depending on the type and cost of crown you receive. All porcelain, porcelain fused to high noble metal, porcelain fused to noble metal, and porcelain fused to predominantly base metal have different costs and coverage levels.",1]
["What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","100_7","Does Medicare provide cover for dental crowns?","The only dental services that are covered by Original Medicare are those that are an essential part of a Medicare-covered procedure. For example, Medicare may cover a dental exam that you get prior to a heart valve replacement surgery or kidney transplant, as part of an overall pre-surgery exam.",2,null,"What is Medicare coverage for dental crowns?","Medicare Dental Coverage. Currently, Medicare will pay for dental services that are an integral part either of a covered procedure (e.g., reconstruction of the jaw following accidental injury), or for extractions done in preparation for radiation treatment for neoplastic diseases involving the jaw.",3,null,"What is crown insurance in Medicare? Is it covered?","Yes, no and maybe. Some insurance plans cover crowns at the benefit level they allow for major services and prosthetics. Other plans may cover single crowns at a somewhat higher level. There may be a deductible and copay with the amount determined by the insurance contract. Some plans do not cover crown services at all.",0,null,"What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","Medicare Dental Coverage. Overview of Medicare Dental Coverage. Currently, there is Medicare dental coverage for procedures such as rebuilding of the jaw after an accidental injury, or for the extractions which were performed in preparation for treatment of radiation for neoplastic diseases that involve the jaw.",2,null,164,true,"100_7_MARCO_3873713","MARCO_3873713","100_7_MARCO_3873715","MARCO_3873715","100_7_MARCO_6412611","MARCO_6412611",null,"What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","MARCO_2225957","100_7_MARCO_2225957","Medicare Dental Coverage. Overview of Medicare Dental Coverage. Currently, there is Medicare dental coverage for procedures such as rebuilding of the jaw after an accidental injury, or for the extractions which were performed in preparation for treatment of radiation for neoplastic diseases that involve the jaw.",2]
["What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","100_7","Does Medicare provide cover for dental crowns?","Covers only preventative procedures and does not cover most of the restorative procedures..... In nys, or anywhere else, medicaid will cover certain dental procedures and will not cover others. Medicaid usually covers dentures but does not cover crowns. It may or may not cover braces. It shows that medicaid covers only preventative procedures and does not cover most of the restorative procedures.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What is Medicare coverage for dental crowns?","Medicare Dental Coverage. Overview of Medicare Dental Coverage. Currently, there is Medicare dental coverage for procedures such as rebuilding of the jaw after an accidental injury, or for the extractions which were performed in preparation for treatment of radiation for neoplastic diseases that involve the jaw.",2,null,"What is crown insurance in Medicare? Is it covered?","Dental insurance might cover about 50% of the cost if the crown is needed for medical reasons, but dental crowns are typically not covered if they are considered cosmetic, and many dental plans have a maximum annual coverage limit of $1,000-$1,500.",0,null,"What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","Original Medicare (Parts A & B) provides some dental and vision coverage, but only in limited situations. If you need dental and vision coverage, you can enroll in a Medicare Advantage plan that includes these benefits. Original Medicare covers limited dental care. It does not cover procedures such as cleaning, fillings, extractions, dentures, and other services. However, Medicare Part A (hospital insurance) will cover some dental services if they are performed in a hospital.",3,null,164,true,"100_7_MARCO_858809","MARCO_858809","100_7_MARCO_2225957","MARCO_2225957","100_7_MARCO_964258","MARCO_964258",null,"What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","MARCO_2225953","100_7_MARCO_2225953","Original Medicare (Parts A & B) provides some dental and vision coverage, but only in limited situations. If you need dental and vision coverage, you can enroll in a Medicare Advantage plan that includes these benefits. Original Medicare covers limited dental care. It does not cover procedures such as cleaning, fillings, extractions, dentures, and other services. However, Medicare Part A (hospital insurance) will cover some dental services if they are performed in a hospital.",3]
["What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","100_7","Does Medicare provide cover for dental crowns?","Quick Answer. Medicare insurance plans do not provide coverage for most dental care procedures, according to CMS.gov. This includes preventative care, fillings, extractions, surgeries and other dental procedures and supplies. Continue Reading.",1,null,"What is Medicare coverage for dental crowns?","Medicare's dental coverage is limited. Medicare Part A (hospital insurance) does cover limited dental services if you receive them in a hospital, and if they're necessary to perform a covered, non-dental procedure or service. For example, Part A might pay for a tooth extraction in preparation of radiation treatment on a patient's jaw.",2,null,"What is crown insurance in Medicare? Is it covered?","Medicare's dental coverage is limited. Medicare Part A (hospital insurance) does cover limited dental services if you receive them in a hospital, and if they're necessary to perform a covered, non-dental procedure or service. For example, Part A might pay for a tooth extraction in preparation of radiation treatment on a patient's jaw.",2,null,"What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","Dental coverage through Medicare Advantage plan. You may be able to get dental coverage under some Medicare Advantage plans. Medicare Advantage plans (Medicare Part C) can include extra benefits like routine dental, routine vision, and Medicare prescription drug coverage.f you want to be able to combine coverage for routine dental care with other medical and hospital coverage, you can get that with a Medicare Advantage plan.",2,null,164,true,"100_7_MARCO_6673894","MARCO_6673894","100_7_MARCO_2044697","MARCO_2044697","100_7_MARCO_2044697","MARCO_2044697",null,"What is the coverage of the crown in medicare?","MARCO_5721352","100_7_MARCO_5721352","Dental coverage through Medicare Advantage plan. You may be able to get dental coverage under some Medicare Advantage plans. Medicare Advantage plans (Medicare Part C) can include extra benefits like routine dental, routine vision, and Medicare prescription drug coverage.f you want to be able to combine coverage for routine dental care with other medical and hospital coverage, you can get that with a Medicare Advantage plan.",2]
["Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","100_8","Who are some Medicare dentists in Seattle?","This directory provides a list of participating DenteMax Medicare providers. You can visit any of the dentists in the directory throughout the country without having to select a primary care provider or get a referral. We do not guarantee that each provider is still accepting new members. To get detailed information about your health care coverage, please see your Evidence of Coverage.",0,null,"How can I find a dentist that takes Medicare in Seattle?","This directory provides a list of participating DenteMax Medicare providers. You can visit any of the dentists in the directory throughout the country without having to select a primary care provider or get a referral. We do not guarantee that each provider is still accepting new members. To get detailed information about your health care coverage, please see your Evidence of Coverage.",0,null,"Show me a list of Medicare dentists in the Seattle area.","This directory provides a list of participating DenteMax Medicare providers. You can visit any of the dentists in the directory throughout the country without having to select a primary care provider or get a referral. We do not guarantee that each provider is still accepting new members. To get detailed information about your health care coverage, please see your Evidence of Coverage.",0,null,"Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","This directory provides a list of participating DenteMax Medicare providers. You can visit any of the dentists in the directory throughout the country without having to select a primary care provider or get a referral. We do not guarantee that each provider is still accepting new members. To get detailed information about your health care coverage, please see your Evidence of Coverage.",0,null,165,false,"100_8_MARCO_6558002","MARCO_6558002","100_8_MARCO_6558002","MARCO_6558002","100_8_MARCO_6558002","MARCO_6558002",null,"Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","MARCO_6558002","100_8_MARCO_6558002","This directory provides a list of participating DenteMax Medicare providers. You can visit any of the dentists in the directory throughout the country without having to select a primary care provider or get a referral. We do not guarantee that each provider is still accepting new members. To get detailed information about your health care coverage, please see your Evidence of Coverage.",0]
["Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","100_8","Who are some Medicare dentists in Seattle?","Rhys Spoor, DDS, FAGD, an international expert in Aesthetic and Restorative Dentistry, has been selected by his peers as one of the Top 10 Dentists for Cosmetic Dentistry in the Puget Sound region, as published in the January 2006 edition of Seattle magazine.",1,null,"How can I find a dentist that takes Medicare in Seattle?","To find a doctor that accepts Medicare payments, you may want to visit the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' Physician Compare. You can search by entering a health care professionalâ€™s last name or group practice name, a medical specialty, a medical condition, a body part, or an organ system.hey can also send you a print version of the search results. There are other directories on MedlinePlus that will help you find health professionals, services, and facilities, some of which may serve Medicare or Medicaid payments.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Show me a list of Medicare dentists in the Seattle area.","In most instances the contacts listed below are regional providers within a given zip code area. To add cities not already listed that may have approved Medicaid resources contact the Webmaster. Practice owners and Dentists can use the Add A Practice form to obtain a free listing in this directory.inding an approved dentist in your immediate area can be difficult or frustrating. In general terms, smaller cities have few provider resources that can include general dentists or practices and a variety of specialties. Orthodontists are also listed in a directory at Medicaid Orthodontist.com.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","If you are a member participating in Medicare Advantage, Medicaid or CHIP, find a dentist by selecting your state below: 1  Arizona. 2  California. 3  Colorado. Florida. 4  Georgia. Idaho. 5  Indiana. Illinois. 6  Kansas. 7  Kentucky. 8  Louisiana. 9  Maryland. Massachusetts.  Massachusetts: Â» 1 Tufts Health. 2  Michigan. Minnesota. 3  Mississippi. Missouri.  New Hampshire. New Jersey.",0,null,165,false,"100_8_MARCO_5895144","MARCO_5895144","100_8_MARCO_1724154","MARCO_1724154","100_8_MARCO_7584292","MARCO_7584292",null,"Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","MARCO_4843732","100_8_MARCO_4843732","If you are a member participating in Medicare Advantage, Medicaid or CHIP, find a dentist by selecting your state below: 1  Arizona. 2  California. 3  Colorado. Florida. 4  Georgia. Idaho. 5  Indiana. Illinois. 6  Kansas. 7  Kentucky. 8  Louisiana. 9  Maryland. Massachusetts.  Massachusetts: Â» 1 Tufts Health. 2  Michigan. Minnesota. 3  Mississippi. Missouri.  New Hampshire. New Jersey.",0]
["Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","100_8","Who are some Medicare dentists in Seattle?","The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) administers three important federally-funded programs: Medicare, Medicaid, and the Childrenâ€™s Health Insurance Program (CHIP). 1  Medicare is a health insurance program for people who are 65 years and older or for people with specific disabilities. Medicare dental coverage is limited; it does not cover most routine dental care or dentures.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How can I find a dentist that takes Medicare in Seattle?","If you are a member participating in Medicare Advantage, Medicaid or CHIP, find a dentist by selecting your state below: Arizona. California.",0,null,"Show me a list of Medicare dentists in the Seattle area.","We offer Medicare Advantage HMO plans in different areas of Washington state. Medicare Advantage HMO Service Area (PDF) With nearly 70 years of experience caring for people in Washington, Kaiser Permanente is here to help you live life to the fullest. We're ready for whatever life might throw your way, but our goal is to keep you healthy in the first place. Our Medicare Advantage plans feature:",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","Improving Oral Health. DentaQuest serves more than 20 million Medicaid, CHIP, and Medicare Advantage members, and 48,000 dentists nationwide. Our goal is to form lasting connections between members and providers. We make it easy for you to participate in our programs and keep a healthy smile.",0,null,165,false,"100_8_MARCO_365681","MARCO_365681","100_8_MARCO_4843738","MARCO_4843738","100_8_MARCO_7751183","MARCO_7751183",null,"Show me medicare dentists in Seattle","MARCO_585528","100_8_MARCO_585528","Improving Oral Health. DentaQuest serves more than 20 million Medicaid, CHIP, and Medicare Advantage members, and 48,000 dentists nationwide. Our goal is to form lasting connections between members and providers. We make it easy for you to participate in our programs and keep a healthy smile.",0]
["What is Melania Trump's religion?","101_1","What is the religious identity of Melania Trump?","Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs; April 26, 1970; anglicized to Melania Knauss) is a Slovene-born American former model who is married to American businessman and President-elect of the United States, Donald Trump.",0,null,"What is Melania Trump's religious belief?","Melania is the wife of Donald Trump and mother to his son Barron. She is a Slovenian former model, who reportedly turned down Trump before finally agreeing to go out on a date with him. Fortunately, it turned out well and the two tied the knot on January 22, 2005.",0,null,"What faith is Melania Trump?","Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs; April 26, 1970; anglicized to Melania Knauss) is a Slovene-born American former model who is married to American businessman and President-elect of the United States, Donald Trump.",0,null,"What is Melania Trump's religion?","Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs; April 26, 1970; anglicized to Melania Knauss) is a Slovene-born American former model who is married to American businessman and President-elect of the United States, Donald Trump.",0,null,166,true,"101_1_CAR_3bb4c5b0f943fe6e713518cd68ae92a7ae4f8097","CAR_3bb4c5b0f943fe6e713518cd68ae92a7ae4f8097","101_1_MARCO_7174465","MARCO_7174465","101_1_CAR_3bb4c5b0f943fe6e713518cd68ae92a7ae4f8097","CAR_3bb4c5b0f943fe6e713518cd68ae92a7ae4f8097",null,"What is Melania Trump's religion?","CAR_3bb4c5b0f943fe6e713518cd68ae92a7ae4f8097","101_1_CAR_3bb4c5b0f943fe6e713518cd68ae92a7ae4f8097","Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs; April 26, 1970; anglicized to Melania Knauss) is a Slovene-born American former model who is married to American businessman and President-elect of the United States, Donald Trump.",0]
["What is Melania Trump's religion?","101_1","What is the religious identity of Melania Trump?","Melania Knauss-Trump (born Melanija Knavs, anglicized to Melania Knauss, on April 26, 1970) is a fashion model from Slovenia, and is the wife of the American business executive and real estate magnate Donald J. Trump, whom she married on January 22, 2005.",0,null,"What is Melania Trump's religious belief?","Despite his religious beliefs, he was selected by the Emperor Valentinian III and his mother the Empress Galla Placidia to deliver the formal request to the Emperor and Empress Theodosius II and Aelia Eudocia for the hand of their daughter Licinia Eudoxia in marriage. Volusianus left Rome in 436, and reached Constantinople where he delivered his message and initiated preliminary arrangements for the marriage before he fell fatally sick. On his deathbed and under the influence of his niece Melania, who had travelled from Jerusalem to be at his side, Volusianus converted to Christianity—an achievement Melania 's hagiographer recorded in her Vita. \"The infamous pagan noble, leader of the Caeionii, was one of the last to accept the faith of Christ,\" observed Weber on this event.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What faith is Melania Trump?","Melania Knauss-Trump (born Melanija Knavs, anglicized to Melania Knauss, on April 26, 1970) is a fashion model from Slovenia, and is the wife of the American business executive and real estate magnate Donald J. Trump, whom she married on January 22, 2005.",0,null,"What is Melania Trump's religion?","In 1998, Trump began a relationship with Slovene model Melania Knauss, who became his third wife. They were engaged in April 2004 and were married on January 22, 2005, at Bethesda-by-the-Sea Episcopal Church, on the island of Palm Beach, Florida, followed by a reception at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate. In 2006, Melania became a naturalized United States citizen. On March 20, 2006, she gave birth to their son, whom they named Barron Trump. Having heard the language since his birth, Barron is fluent in Slovene. In a February 2009 interview on ABC's news program Nightline, Trump commented that his love for his business had made it difficult for his first two wives to compete with his affection for work.",1,null,166,true,"101_1_MARCO_1787317","MARCO_1787317","101_1_CAR_c3229d0f2d270b3eae531abc4f0de5226de7ef99","CAR_c3229d0f2d270b3eae531abc4f0de5226de7ef99","101_1_MARCO_1787317","MARCO_1787317",null,"What is Melania Trump's religion?","CAR_cdf8853addaa8bc945a08429d05c286250b8ce70","101_1_CAR_cdf8853addaa8bc945a08429d05c286250b8ce70","In 1998, Trump began a relationship with Slovene model Melania Knauss, who became his third wife. They were engaged in April 2004 and were married on January 22, 2005, at Bethesda-by-the-Sea Episcopal Church, on the island of Palm Beach, Florida, followed by a reception at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate. In 2006, Melania became a naturalized United States citizen. On March 20, 2006, she gave birth to their son, whom they named Barron Trump. Having heard the language since his birth, Barron is fluent in Slovene. In a February 2009 interview on ABC's news program Nightline, Trump commented that his love for his business had made it difficult for his first two wives to compete with his affection for work.",1]
["What is Melania Trump's religion?","101_1","What is the religious identity of Melania Trump?","Melania Trump. by ethnic on. Birth Name: Melanija Knavs. Place of Birth: Sevnica, Slovenia. Date of Birth: April 26, 1970. Ethnicity: Slovenian. Melania Trump is a Slovenian-born model. She is married to American businessman and politician Donald Trump.",0,null,"What is Melania Trump's religious belief?","Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs; April 26, 1970; anglicized to Melania Knauss) is a Slovene-born American former model who is married to American businessman and President-elect of the United States, Donald Trump.",0,null,"What faith is Melania Trump?","Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs; April 26, 1970; Germanized to Melania Knauss) is a former model and the wife of American businessman and 2016 U.S. presidential candidate Donald Trump.",0,null,"What is Melania Trump's religion?","Melania Knauss-Trump is a Slovenian former model and the wife of American real estate magnate Donald Trump. They married on January 22, 2005.",0,null,166,true,"101_1_MARCO_2726211","MARCO_2726211","101_1_CAR_3bb4c5b0f943fe6e713518cd68ae92a7ae4f8097","CAR_3bb4c5b0f943fe6e713518cd68ae92a7ae4f8097","101_1_MARCO_377720","MARCO_377720",null,"What is Melania Trump's religion?","MARCO_2726208","101_1_MARCO_2726208","Melania Knauss-Trump is a Slovenian former model and the wife of American real estate magnate Donald Trump. They married on January 22, 2005.",0]
["What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","101_2","What did Melania Trump work as before getting married?","Melania Trump. Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs [mÉ›ËˆlaË\u0090nija ËˆknaË\u0090uÌ¯s], April 26, 1970; Germanized to Melania Knauss) is the current First Lady of the United States. Before marrying future President Donald Trump in 2005, she worked as a fashion model; by 2016 she considered herself a full-time mom.",3,null,"What was Melania Trump's job before she got married?","Melania Trump. Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs [mÉ›ËˆlaË\u0090nija ËˆknaË\u0090uÌ¯s], April 26, 1970; Germanized to Melania Knauss) is the current First Lady of the United States. Before marrying future President Donald Trump in 2005, she worked as a fashion model; by 2016 she considered herself a full-time mom.",3,null,"Where did Melania Trump get her income from before her marriage?","An immigration attorney and former New Jersey mayor who worked for the Trump Organization said Melania Trump received a green card â€œbased on marriageâ€\u009d before she was married to Donald Trump but now denies the statement. The comments were made to Univision. Melania Trump has said Donald Trump was her first marriage. The Trumps married in 2005, said Univision. A Politico reporter later said the attorney had â€œdenied the Melania marriageâ€\u009d in an email to him. He also said the Trump campaign denies Melania was married before.",1,null,"What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","Melania signed a prenuptial agreement before marrying The Donald. Melania signed one of Donald's notoriously-ironclad prenups before the two wed. Per New York Magazine, hereâ€™s Trumpâ€™s eloquent language about him and Melania signing the prenup:",0,null,167,false,"101_2_MARCO_825245","MARCO_825245","101_2_MARCO_825245","MARCO_825245","101_2_MARCO_2207312","MARCO_2207312",null,"What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","MARCO_5209210","101_2_MARCO_5209210","Melania signed a prenuptial agreement before marrying The Donald. Melania signed one of Donald's notoriously-ironclad prenups before the two wed. Per New York Magazine, hereâ€™s Trumpâ€™s eloquent language about him and Melania signing the prenup:",0]
["What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","101_2","What did Melania Trump work as before getting married?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S.",3,null,"What was Melania Trump's job before she got married?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S. citizenship in 2006. She is the first naturalized U.S. citizen to become First Lady of the United States.",3,null,"Where did Melania Trump get her income from before her marriage?","Celebrities wealth, income, and salary in 2015, 2016. Melania Trump. Melania Trump is a wife of a famous entrepreneur and billionaire Donald Trump. Although she had some nice income in the past as a model, vast majority of her lifestyle is coming from her husbands pocket. Her personal net worth is estimated to be about $11 million as of 2015.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","An immigration attorney and former New Jersey mayor who worked for the Trump Organization said Melania Trump received a green card â€œbased on marriageâ€\u009d before she was married to Donald Trump but now denies the statement. The comments were made to Univision. Melania Trump has said Donald Trump was her first marriage. The Trumps married in 2005, said Univision. A Politico reporter later said the attorney had â€œdenied the Melania marriageâ€\u009d in an email to him. He also said the Trump campaign denies Melania was married before.",1,null,167,false,"101_2_MARCO_2227465","MARCO_2227465","101_2_MARCO_2542442","MARCO_2542442","101_2_MARCO_8632203","MARCO_8632203",null,"What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","MARCO_2207312","101_2_MARCO_2207312","An immigration attorney and former New Jersey mayor who worked for the Trump Organization said Melania Trump received a green card â€œbased on marriageâ€\u009d before she was married to Donald Trump but now denies the statement. The comments were made to Univision. Melania Trump has said Donald Trump was her first marriage. The Trumps married in 2005, said Univision. A Politico reporter later said the attorney had â€œdenied the Melania marriageâ€\u009d in an email to him. He also said the Trump campaign denies Melania was married before.",1]
["What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","101_2","What did Melania Trump work as before getting married?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S. citizenship in 2006. She is the first naturalized U.S. citizen to become First Lady of the United States.",3,null,"What was Melania Trump's job before she got married?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S.",3,null,"Where did Melania Trump get her income from before her marriage?","Melania Trump. Melania Trump (born Melanija Knavs [mÉ›ËˆlaË\u0090nija ËˆknaË\u0090uÌ¯s], April 26, 1970; Germanized to Melania Knauss) is the current First Lady of the United States. Before marrying future President Donald Trump in 2005, she worked as a fashion model; by 2016 she considered herself a full-time mom.",3,null,"What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","Questions raised about Melania's marriage history. In an interview with Larry King Live in 2005 Melania Trump said that she had never been married before meeting Donald Trump. Melania and Donald Trump were not married until Jan. 22, 2005 at Bethesda-by-the Sea Episcopal Church in Palm Beach, Florida. When asked to explain the marriage discrepancy, Wildes said he would seek clarification, presumably from the Trump Organization.",1,null,167,false,"101_2_MARCO_2542442","MARCO_2542442","101_2_MARCO_2227465","MARCO_2227465","101_2_MARCO_825245","MARCO_825245",null,"What did Melania Trump do before she was married?","MARCO_3678207","101_2_MARCO_3678207","Questions raised about Melania's marriage history. In an interview with Larry King Live in 2005 Melania Trump said that she had never been married before meeting Donald Trump. Melania and Donald Trump were not married until Jan. 22, 2005 at Bethesda-by-the Sea Episcopal Church in Palm Beach, Florida. When asked to explain the marriage discrepancy, Wildes said he would seek clarification, presumably from the Trump Organization.",1]
["Does Melania Trump have children?","101_3","Does Melania Trump have a son?","Barron Trump, Donald & Melaniaâ€™s Son: The Pictures You Need to See. While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46. Donald, Jr., Ivanka and Eric are all from his first marriage with Ivana Trump. Donald and Marla Maples had one child, Tiffany, during his second marriage. Click the arrow on the right side of the above photo to see the best photos of Barron Trump and his parents.",2,null,"Does Melania Trump have any kids? If so, who are they?","Trump has four adult children from two previous marriages: Donald Jr., Ivanka, and Eric Trump with Ivana Trump, and Tiffany Trump with Marla Maples. Trump has one son with Melania Trump, Barron, born on March 20, 2006. He will be the first pre-teen son to live in the White House since John F. Kennedy Jr. arrived as an infant in 1961. All three of his children with Ivana Trump are currently Executive Vice Presidents at The Trump Organization. Tiffany Trump is a recent college graduate of the University of Pennsylvania, her father's alma mater.",2,null,"Do Melania and Donald Trump have children?","While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46.",3,null,"Does Melania Trump have children?","While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46.",3,null,168,true,"101_3_MARCO_6008985","MARCO_6008985","101_3_CAR_317b01fdf13a4d882772c025e934ea02bd388221","CAR_317b01fdf13a4d882772c025e934ea02bd388221","101_3_MARCO_5240171","MARCO_5240171",null,"Does Melania Trump have children?","MARCO_5240171","101_3_MARCO_5240171","While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46.",3]
["Does Melania Trump have children?","101_3","Does Melania Trump have a son?","Melania Trump: My Son, 7, Is 'Not a Sweatpants Child'. Melania Trump is famous for her glamorous lifestyle, and she's passed down her luxurious predilections to her son Barron, 7. He's not a sweatpants child, says Trump, 42, of her only child with her husband of eight years, Donald Trump, 66.",2,null,"Does Melania Trump have any kids? If so, who are they?","While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46.",3,null,"Do Melania and Donald Trump have children?","While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46. Donald, Jr., Ivanka and Eric are all from his first marriage with Ivana Trump. Donald and Marla Maples had one child, Tiffany, during his second marriage.",2,null,"Does Melania Trump have children?","Melania Trump: My Son, 7, Is 'Not a Sweatpants Child'. Melania Trump is famous for her glamorous lifestyle, and she's passed down her luxurious predilections to her son Barron, 7. He's not a sweatpants child, says Trump, 42, of her only child with her husband of eight years, Donald Trump, 66. He doesn't mind putting on [a suit]-but not every day- and he likes to dress up in a tie sometimes like Daddy..",3,null,168,true,"101_3_MARCO_1104877","MARCO_1104877","101_3_MARCO_5240171","MARCO_5240171","101_3_MARCO_2504917","MARCO_2504917",null,"Does Melania Trump have children?","MARCO_4828947","101_3_MARCO_4828947","Melania Trump: My Son, 7, Is 'Not a Sweatpants Child'. Melania Trump is famous for her glamorous lifestyle, and she's passed down her luxurious predilections to her son Barron, 7. He's not a sweatpants child, says Trump, 42, of her only child with her husband of eight years, Donald Trump, 66. He doesn't mind putting on [a suit]-but not every day- and he likes to dress up in a tie sometimes like Daddy..",3]
["Does Melania Trump have children?","101_3","Does Melania Trump have a son?","Melania Trump: My Son, 7, Is 'Not a Sweatpants Child'. Melania Trump is famous for her glamorous lifestyle, and she's passed down her luxurious predilections to her son Barron, 7. He's not a sweatpants child, says Trump, 42, of her only child with her husband of eight years, Donald Trump, 66. He doesn't mind putting on [a suit]-but not every day- and he likes to dress up in a tie sometimes like Daddy..",3,null,"Does Melania Trump have any kids? If so, who are they?","While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46. Donald, Jr., Ivanka and Eric are all from his first marriage with Ivana Trump. Donald and Marla Maples had one child, Tiffany, during his second marriage.",2,null,"Do Melania and Donald Trump have children?","Who are Donald Trumpâ€™s children? While Barron is the only child between Melania and Donald, he has two older brothers and two older sisters from his fatherâ€™s previous marriages. Donald Jr., Eric, and sister Ivanka are both from Donaldâ€™s marriage with Ivana. Tiffany is from Donaldâ€™s second marriage to Marla Maples.",2,null,"Does Melania Trump have children?","Melania Trump: My Son, 7, Is 'Not a Sweatpants Child'. Melania Trump is famous for her glamorous lifestyle, and she's passed down her luxurious predilections to her son Barron, 7. He's not a sweatpants child, says Trump, 42, of her only child with her husband of eight years, Donald Trump, 66.",2,null,168,true,"101_3_MARCO_4828947","MARCO_4828947","101_3_MARCO_2504917","MARCO_2504917","101_3_MARCO_2016683","MARCO_2016683",null,"Does Melania Trump have children?","MARCO_1104877","101_3_MARCO_1104877","Melania Trump: My Son, 7, Is 'Not a Sweatpants Child'. Melania Trump is famous for her glamorous lifestyle, and she's passed down her luxurious predilections to her son Barron, 7. He's not a sweatpants child, says Trump, 42, of her only child with her husband of eight years, Donald Trump, 66.",2]
["How old is Barron Trump?","101_4","What's Barron Trump's age?","Barron Trump. Trump's youngest child, 10-year-old Barron, is his only child with current wife and soon-to-be First Lady Melania Trump. Born in 2006 - a year after his parents' 2005 nuptials - he is closer in age to his eight nieces and nephews than to his siblings.",2,null,"How old is Melania Trump's son?","Barron Trump, Donald & Melaniaâ€™s Son: The Pictures You Need to See. While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46. Donald, Jr., Ivanka and Eric are all from his first marriage with Ivana Trump. Donald and Marla Maples had one child, Tiffany, during his second marriage. Click the arrow on the right side of the above photo to see the best photos of Barron Trump and his parents.",2,null,"What age is Barron Trump?","Barron Trump. Trump's youngest child, 10-year-old Barron, is his only child with current wife and soon-to-be First Lady Melania Trump. Born in 2006 - a year after his parents' 2005 nuptials - he is closer in age to his eight nieces and nephews than to his siblings.",2,null,"How old is Barron Trump?","Barron Trump, the 11-year-old son of President Trump, will attend the private St. Andrew's Episcopal School in Potomac, Maryland, this fall.",3,null,169,false,"101_4_MARCO_6960020","MARCO_6960020","101_4_MARCO_6008985","MARCO_6008985","101_4_MARCO_6960020","MARCO_6960020",null,"How old is Barron Trump?","MARCO_7264056","101_4_MARCO_7264056","Barron Trump, the 11-year-old son of President Trump, will attend the private St. Andrew's Episcopal School in Potomac, Maryland, this fall.",3]
["How old is Barron Trump?","101_4","What's Barron Trump's age?","Barron Trump, the 11-year-old son of President Trump, will attend the private St. Andrew's Episcopal School in Potomac, Maryland, this fall.",3,null,"How old is Melania Trump's son?","At age 46, Melania is a mere seven years older than Donald's oldest son, Donald Trump, Jr., who is 38. Awkward, much? She's not that far off in age from Trump's other children, either; Eric, Ivanka, and Tiffany are ages 32, 35 an 23, respectively.",0,null,"What age is Barron Trump?","Barron Trump, Donald & Melaniaâ€™s Son: The Pictures You Need to See. While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46. Donald, Jr., Ivanka and Eric are all from his first marriage with Ivana Trump. Donald and Marla Maples had one child, Tiffany, during his second marriage. Click the arrow on the right side of the above photo to see the best photos of Barron Trump and his parents.",2,null,"How old is Barron Trump?","Barron Trump. Trump's youngest child, 10-year-old Barron, is his only child with current wife and soon-to-be First Lady Melania Trump. Born in 2006 - a year after his parents' 2005 nuptials - he is closer in age to his eight nieces and nephews than to his siblings.",2,null,169,false,"101_4_MARCO_7264056","MARCO_7264056","101_4_MARCO_3971924","MARCO_3971924","101_4_MARCO_6008985","MARCO_6008985",null,"How old is Barron Trump?","MARCO_6960020","101_4_MARCO_6960020","Barron Trump. Trump's youngest child, 10-year-old Barron, is his only child with current wife and soon-to-be First Lady Melania Trump. Born in 2006 - a year after his parents' 2005 nuptials - he is closer in age to his eight nieces and nephews than to his siblings.",2]
["How old is Barron Trump?","101_4","What's Barron Trump's age?","Barron Trump, Donald & Melaniaâ€™s Son: The Pictures You Need to See. While Donald Trump has four children from his two previous marriages, Donald and wife, Melania, have just one son together. Barron is 10-years-old and stays out of the spotlight much more than his older siblings given his young age. There is a 24 year age difference between Barron's parents. Donald is 70 years old while Melania is 46. Donald, Jr., Ivanka and Eric are all from his first marriage with Ivana Trump. Donald and Marla Maples had one child, Tiffany, during his second marriage. Click the arrow on the right side of the above photo to see the best photos of Barron Trump and his parents.",2,null,"How old is Melania Trump's son?","Washington Post. Barron Trump, the 11-year-old son of President Donald Trump and first lady Melania Trump, will attend the private St. Andrew's Episcopal School in Potomac, Maryland, this fall after he moves from New York to Washington with his mother.",3,null,"What age is Barron Trump?","Barron Trump, the 11-year-old son of President Trump, will attend the private St. Andrew's Episcopal School in Potomac, Maryland, this fall.",3,null,"How old is Barron Trump?","Washington Post. Barron Trump, the 11-year-old son of President Donald Trump and first lady Melania Trump, will attend the private St. Andrew's Episcopal School in Potomac, Maryland, this fall after he moves from New York to Washington with his mother.",3,null,169,false,"101_4_MARCO_6008985","MARCO_6008985","101_4_MARCO_7264058","MARCO_7264058","101_4_MARCO_7264056","MARCO_7264056",null,"How old is Barron Trump?","MARCO_7264058","101_4_MARCO_7264058","Washington Post. Barron Trump, the 11-year-old son of President Donald Trump and first lady Melania Trump, will attend the private St. Andrew's Episcopal School in Potomac, Maryland, this fall after he moves from New York to Washington with his mother.",3]
["Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","101_5","Did Trump meet Melania in the Kit Kat club? Where is it?","Melania met Donald Trump at a fashion industry party at New York's Kit Kat Club in 1998. And in a 2005 interview, her close friend Edit Molnar told The New York Post that Melania was initially turned off by the fact that Donald Trump tried to get her phone number, despite having come to the party with another woman.",2,null,"When did Donald Trump meet Melania Trump at the Kit Kat Club? Where is that?","Melania met Donald Trump at a fashion industry party at New York's Kit Kat Club in 1998. And in a 2005 interview, her close friend Edit Molnar told The New York Post that Melania was initially turned off by the fact that Donald Trump tried to get her phone number, despite having come to the party with another woman.",2,null,"What happened between Trump and Melania at the Kit Kat Club? Can you tell me where it is?","Melania met Donald Trump at a fashion industry party at New York's Kit Kat Club in 1998. And in a 2005 interview, her close friend Edit Molnar told The New York Post that Melania was initially turned off by the fact that Donald Trump tried to get her phone number, despite having come to the party with another woman.",2,null,"Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","â€œMeet Melania Trump, a new model for first ladyâ€\u009d. By Mary Jordan. Before she met Donald Trump at the Kit Kat Club in Manhattan and stepped into a glitzy world of limos and penthouses, diamonds and caviar, Melania Knauss lived quietly.",2,null,170,true,"101_5_MARCO_7084641","MARCO_7084641","101_5_MARCO_7084641","MARCO_7084641","101_5_MARCO_7084641","MARCO_7084641",null,"Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","MARCO_71875","101_5_MARCO_71875","â€œMeet Melania Trump, a new model for first ladyâ€\u009d. By Mary Jordan. Before she met Donald Trump at the Kit Kat Club in Manhattan and stepped into a glitzy world of limos and penthouses, diamonds and caviar, Melania Knauss lived quietly.",2]
["Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","101_5","Did Trump meet Melania in the Kit Kat club? Where is it?","â€œMeet Melania Trump, a new model for first ladyâ€\u009d. By Mary Jordan. Before she met Donald Trump at the Kit Kat Club in Manhattan and stepped into a glitzy world of limos and penthouses, diamonds and caviar, Melania Knauss lived quietly.",2,null,"When did Donald Trump meet Melania Trump at the Kit Kat Club? Where is that?","And it was her career that led her to her future husband. In 1998, then 28-year-old Melania first met Donald Trump, then 52, at New York's Kit Kat Club and she refused to give him her number (it was said he was at the party with another woman). But he gave her his number and eventually Melania called him back.",2,null,"What happened between Trump and Melania at the Kit Kat Club? Can you tell me where it is?","Donald and Melania Trump, with their son, Barron, attend the Trump Invitational Grand Prix in January at The Mar-A-Lago Club in Palm Beach, Fla. Paolo Zampolli wanted to throw a memorable party for his ID Modeling Agency during New Yorkâ€™s Fashion Week in 1998, so he chose the Kit Kat Klub, a hot Manhattan nightspot.",2,null,"Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","Meet Melania Trump, a new model for first lady. Melania Trump finds herself directly in the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign spotlight. Melania Trump has rarely accompanied Donald Trump lately as he criss-crosses the country campaigning to be president. Before she met Donald Trump at the Kit Kat Club in Manhattan and stepped into a glitzy world of limos and penthouses, diamonds and caviar, Melania Knauss lived quietly.",2,null,170,true,"101_5_MARCO_71875","MARCO_71875","101_5_MARCO_377728","MARCO_377728","101_5_MARCO_4598066","MARCO_4598066",null,"Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","MARCO_4491796","101_5_MARCO_4491796","Meet Melania Trump, a new model for first lady. Melania Trump finds herself directly in the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign spotlight. Melania Trump has rarely accompanied Donald Trump lately as he criss-crosses the country campaigning to be president. Before she met Donald Trump at the Kit Kat Club in Manhattan and stepped into a glitzy world of limos and penthouses, diamonds and caviar, Melania Knauss lived quietly.",2]
["Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","101_5","Did Trump meet Melania in the Kit Kat club? Where is it?","Meet Melania Trump, a new model for first lady. Melania Trump finds herself directly in the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign spotlight. Melania Trump has rarely accompanied Donald Trump lately as he criss-crosses the country campaigning to be president. Before she met Donald Trump at the Kit Kat Club in Manhattan and stepped into a glitzy world of limos and penthouses, diamonds and caviar, Melania Knauss lived quietly.",2,null,"When did Donald Trump meet Melania Trump at the Kit Kat Club? Where is that?","Donald and Melania Trump, with their son, Barron, attend the Trump Invitational Grand Prix in January at The Mar-A-Lago Club in Palm Beach, Fla. Paolo Zampolli wanted to throw a memorable party for his ID Modeling Agency during New Yorkâ€™s Fashion Week in 1998, so he chose the Kit Kat Klub, a hot Manhattan nightspot.",2,null,"What happened between Trump and Melania at the Kit Kat Club? Can you tell me where it is?","And it was her career that led her to her future husband. In 1998, then 28-year-old Melania first met Donald Trump, then 52, at New York's Kit Kat Club and she refused to give him her number (it was said he was at the party with another woman). But he gave her his number and eventually Melania called him back.",2,null,"Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","Melania met Donald Trump at a fashion industry party at New York's Kit Kat Club in 1998. And in a 2005 interview, her close friend Edit Molnar told The New York Post that Melania was initially turned off by the fact that Donald Trump tried to get her phone number, despite having come to the party with another woman.",2,null,170,true,"101_5_MARCO_4491796","MARCO_4491796","101_5_MARCO_4598066","MARCO_4598066","101_5_MARCO_377728","MARCO_377728",null,"Donald and Melania Trump met at the Kit Kat Club?  Where is the Kit Kat Club?","MARCO_7084641","101_5_MARCO_7084641","Melania met Donald Trump at a fashion industry party at New York's Kit Kat Club in 1998. And in a 2005 interview, her close friend Edit Molnar told The New York Post that Melania was initially turned off by the fact that Donald Trump tried to get her phone number, despite having come to the party with another woman.",2]
["When did Melania Trump become a model?","101_6","When was Melania Trump considered a model?","Melania Trump modeled for a number of publications, including FHM magazine in 2000. During the early part of her modeling career, she also changed her name to the more German-sounding Knauss. Melania came to New York in 1996, moved into an apartment by Union Square in Lower Manhattan and made her own way.",1,null,"When did Melania Trump start working as a model?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S.",1,null,"When did Melania Trump start her modeling career?","Melania Trump modeled for a number of publications, including FHM magazine in 2000. During the early part of her modeling career, she also changed her name to the more German-sounding Knauss. Melania came to New York in 1996, moved into an apartment by Union Square in Lower Manhattan and made her own way.",1,null,"When did Melania Trump become a model?","Melania Trump modeled for a number of publications, including FHM magazine in 2000. During the early part of her modeling career, she also changed her name to the more German-sounding Knauss. Melania came to New York in 1996, moved into an apartment by Union Square in Lower Manhattan and made her own way.",1,null,171,false,"101_6_MARCO_6139004","MARCO_6139004","101_6_MARCO_2227465","MARCO_2227465","101_6_MARCO_6139004","MARCO_6139004",null,"When did Melania Trump become a model?","MARCO_6139004","101_6_MARCO_6139004","Melania Trump modeled for a number of publications, including FHM magazine in 2000. During the early part of her modeling career, she also changed her name to the more German-sounding Knauss. Melania came to New York in 1996, moved into an apartment by Union Square in Lower Manhattan and made her own way.",1]
["When did Melania Trump become a model?","101_6","When was Melania Trump considered a model?","Melania Trumpâ€™s girl-on-girl photos from racy shoot revealed. Melania Trump (right) models for a January 1996 issue of France's Max Magazine. Hereâ€™s the nationâ€™s would-be first lady â€” and right beside her, a second lady. Three years before she met husband Donald Trump, Melania Trump was snapped in a nude frolic with another female model, bombshell photos obtained exclusively by The Post show. Several were featured in Max Magazine, a now-defunct French menâ€™s monthly, more than 20 years ago. Others have never been in print â€” until now.",1,null,"When did Melania Trump start working as a model?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S. citizenship in 2006. She is the first naturalized U.S. citizen to become First Lady of the United States.",1,null,"When did Melania Trump start her modeling career?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S.",1,null,"When did Melania Trump become a model?","Melania Trumpâ€™s girl-on-girl photos from racy shoot revealed. Melania Trump (right) models for a January 1996 issue of France's Max Magazine. Hereâ€™s the nationâ€™s would-be first lady â€” and right beside her, a second lady. Three years before she met husband Donald Trump, Melania Trump was snapped in a nude frolic with another female model, bombshell photos obtained exclusively by The Post show. Several were featured in Max Magazine, a now-defunct French menâ€™s monthly, more than 20 years ago. Others have never been in print â€” until now.",1,null,171,false,"101_6_MARCO_377729","MARCO_377729","101_6_MARCO_2542442","MARCO_2542442","101_6_MARCO_2227465","MARCO_2227465",null,"When did Melania Trump become a model?","MARCO_377729","101_6_MARCO_377729","Melania Trumpâ€™s girl-on-girl photos from racy shoot revealed. Melania Trump (right) models for a January 1996 issue of France's Max Magazine. Hereâ€™s the nationâ€™s would-be first lady â€” and right beside her, a second lady. Three years before she met husband Donald Trump, Melania Trump was snapped in a nude frolic with another female model, bombshell photos obtained exclusively by The Post show. Several were featured in Max Magazine, a now-defunct French menâ€™s monthly, more than 20 years ago. Others have never been in print â€” until now.",1]
["When did Melania Trump become a model?","101_6","When was Melania Trump considered a model?","What we do know of Melania Trump includes her fashion, and it's an area in which she's in full command. She was, after all, a professional model, walking runways in Milan and Paris in the 1980s and '90s and inhabiting a world of luxury even after she ended her fashion week stints. As many have noted, Melania Trump has a uniform.",2,null,"When did Melania Trump start working as a model?","Melania Trump modeled for a number of publications, including FHM magazine in 2000. During the early part of her modeling career, she also changed her name to the more German-sounding Knauss. Melania came to New York in 1996, moved into an apartment by Union Square in Lower Manhattan and made her own way.",1,null,"When did Melania Trump start her modeling career?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S. citizenship in 2006. She is the first naturalized U.S. citizen to become First Lady of the United States.",1,null,"When did Melania Trump become a model?","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S. citizenship in 2006. She is the first naturalized U.S. citizen to become First Lady of the United States.",1,null,171,false,"101_6_MARCO_2431295","MARCO_2431295","101_6_MARCO_6139004","MARCO_6139004","101_6_MARCO_2542442","MARCO_2542442",null,"When did Melania Trump become a model?","MARCO_2542442","101_6_MARCO_2542442","Melania Trump is the current First Lady of the United States and wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump. She was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia and grew up in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley. She worked as a fashion model for agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996. Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management. In 2001, she became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S. citizenship in 2006. She is the first naturalized U.S. citizen to become First Lady of the United States.",1]
["Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","101_7","Do the US citizens pay for the First Lady?","The Lady Bird Johnson Environmental Award is awarded to a U.S. citizen, corporation or non-profit organization whose work demonstrates his or her dedication, passion for and commitment to the environment. The award is named for Lady Bird Johnson, former First Lady and wife of 36th President Lyndon Baines Johnson and was established in 1992 by the LBJ Foundation Board of Directors. It honors exceptional achievement in the preservation, restoration, or improvement of the natural world that embraces Johnson's style, energy, and commitment to her work. The Lady Bird Johnson Environmental Award is in the amount of $25,000.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Is it still up to the public to pay the First Lady?","Foxâ€™s Ed Henry Asks Jay Carney if Taxpayers Will Pay to Fly Michelle Obama Home. President Obamaâ€˜s and First Lady Michelle Obamaâ€˜s vacations have long been a topic of particular fascination for some media outlets, and a detail about their latest hiatus came up at the end of Mondayâ€™s White House daily briefing.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How much does the average person pay to the First Lady of the U.S.?","2. Given that the average American worker earned $34,645 in 2012, the typical U.S. CEO earns 354 times what the average worker does. 3. Put another way, the average U.S. CEO took home about $5,894 in pay for every hour of work last year (based on 52 40-hour weeks).4. By comparison, the average U.S. worker pocketed $16.66 an hour â€” while a worker at minimum wage earned $7.25.. Given that the average American worker earned $34,645 in 2012, the typical U.S. CEO earns 354 times what the average worker does. 3. Put another way, the average U.S. CEO took home about $5,894 in pay for every hour of work last year (based on 52 40-hour weeks). 4.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","First Lady Michelle Obama. The first lady of the United States is not elected, has no constitutional duties and receives no salary, but that doesnâ€™t mean the position is without its privileges â€“ including a staff of 22 White House employees who make a combined nearly $1.5 million per year.",4,null,172,true,"101_7_CAR_dcdf2697b879d0fe7996ce8d5c4b0fa98780c7a3","CAR_dcdf2697b879d0fe7996ce8d5c4b0fa98780c7a3","101_7_MARCO_3122506","MARCO_3122506","101_7_MARCO_6308822","MARCO_6308822",null,"Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","MARCO_3215398","101_7_MARCO_3215398","First Lady Michelle Obama. The first lady of the United States is not elected, has no constitutional duties and receives no salary, but that doesnâ€™t mean the position is without its privileges â€“ including a staff of 22 White House employees who make a combined nearly $1.5 million per year.",4]
["Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","101_7","Do the US citizens pay for the First Lady?","The fund became active in November 1989 during the administration of George H.W. Bush, but due to a court dispute the first payments were not made until December 1992. Barbara Bush received US $36,000.00 retroactively and donated a portion to her charity work, and spent an unspecified amount doing \"something nice for my grandchildren.\" First Lady Hillary Clinton and First Lady Laura Bush have donated the payments to charity. The income is taxable, and the fund is overseen by Wells Fargo Bank.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Is it still up to the public to pay the First Lady?","Despite her popularity with the public, Sahagún was criticized by legislators and media for using her position as First Lady to set up a future run for the presidency. She was also criticized for her spending habits, including her publicly funded staff of 38, with the top 11 employees costing a total of $782,000 a year.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How much does the average person pay to the First Lady of the U.S.?","* In an average-tax state the amount of earnings needed to pay for a year's tuition at a private college ($8,000) is $13,107, and a self-employed worker needs $14,092. * In an average-tax state the typical driver spends $479 a year on gasoline, excluding all taxes.e address the question by showing how much extra income a person must earn to pay for major purchases. In all of our examples we examine the taxes paid by a married couple with an income between $34,000 and $53,400.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","The First Lady of the United States is the hostess of the White House. The position is traditionally filled by the wife of the President of the United States, but, on occasion, the title has been applied to women who were not presidents’ wives, such as when the president was a bachelor or widower, or when the wife of the president was unable to fulfill the duties of the First Lady herself. The First Lady is not an elected position; it carries no official duties and receives no salary. Nonetheless, she attends many official ceremonies and functions of state either along with or in place of the president. Traditionally, the First Lady does not hold outside employment while occupying the office. She has her own staff, including the White House Social Secretary, the Chief of Staff, the Press Secretary, the Chief Floral Designer, and the Executive Chef. The Office of the First Lady is also in charge of all social and ceremonial events of the White House, and is a branch of the Executive Office of the President.",3,null,172,true,"101_7_CAR_ae212b7873dbc5d0f5df86970356856e20333c03","CAR_ae212b7873dbc5d0f5df86970356856e20333c03","101_7_CAR_2f62fc72070551bc226811b6aeb6cc76fa90ee11","CAR_2f62fc72070551bc226811b6aeb6cc76fa90ee11","101_7_MARCO_92633","MARCO_92633",null,"Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","CAR_ccb9b0fba03e718b96f7ec7830829ee5f6eee689","101_7_CAR_ccb9b0fba03e718b96f7ec7830829ee5f6eee689","The First Lady of the United States is the hostess of the White House. The position is traditionally filled by the wife of the President of the United States, but, on occasion, the title has been applied to women who were not presidents’ wives, such as when the president was a bachelor or widower, or when the wife of the president was unable to fulfill the duties of the First Lady herself. The First Lady is not an elected position; it carries no official duties and receives no salary. Nonetheless, she attends many official ceremonies and functions of state either along with or in place of the president. Traditionally, the First Lady does not hold outside employment while occupying the office. She has her own staff, including the White House Social Secretary, the Chief of Staff, the Press Secretary, the Chief Floral Designer, and the Executive Chef. The Office of the First Lady is also in charge of all social and ceremonial events of the White House, and is a branch of the Executive Office of the President.",3]
["Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","101_7","Do the US citizens pay for the First Lady?","1. Presidential campaigners raise money from extremely wealthy citizens and companies, from lobbyists representing large companies, from citizens at large in small donations; when raising money from the well to do, candidates attend parties in private homes where individuals would pay for the privilege of being present;",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Is it still up to the public to pay the First Lady?","Since 1985, the National Governors Association has encouraged state First Ladies and Gentlemen to pursue their own, distinct causes and public agendas. The public role of the first spouse is traditionally ceremonial. Like the First Ladies of the United States, state and territorial first spouses are not elected and earn no government salary. However, traditionally first spouses also champion important causes either nationally or within their individual states or territories, such as charitable and humanitarian work. First spouses are often seen as high profile individuals who can direct public awareness towards a particular cause or campaign. For example, the nation's first spouses launched a nationwide national breast cancer awareness campaign in conjunction with the National Governors Association in 1994. In collaboration with the breast cancer initiative, some First Spouses participated in media campaigns, public relations, chaired statewide breast cancer awareness committees, and even spearheaded the creation of a specific women's departments within state health departments. Diverse initiatives championed by individual current First Spouses have included advocacy against drunk driving, heart disease in women, the Special Olympics, and development assistance projects in Rwanda.",2,null,"How much does the average person pay to the First Lady of the U.S.?","How much money does Valentine's Day cost? Total spending for the holiday is expected to top $18.2 billion, according to the National Retail Federation. That's an average of $136.57 per person. As you head out to buy candy, cards or flowers today, here's a closer look at this year's Valentine's Day by the numbers.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","Since 1985, the National Governors Association has encouraged state First Ladies and Gentlemen to pursue their own, distinct causes and public agendas. The public role of the first spouse is traditionally ceremonial. Like the First Ladies of the United States, state and territorial first spouses are not elected and earn no government salary. However, traditionally first spouses also champion important causes either nationally or within their individual states or territories, such as charitable and humanitarian work. First spouses are often seen as high profile individuals who can direct public awareness towards a particular cause or campaign. For example, the nation's first spouses launched a nationwide national breast cancer awareness campaign in conjunction with the National Governors Association in 1994. In collaboration with the breast cancer initiative, some First Spouses participated in media campaigns, public relations, chaired statewide breast cancer awareness committees, and even spearheaded the creation of a specific women's departments within state health departments. Diverse initiatives championed by individual current First Spouses have included advocacy against drunk driving, heart disease in women, the Special Olympics, and development assistance projects in Rwanda.",2,null,172,true,"101_7_MARCO_4514751","MARCO_4514751","101_7_CAR_5767efedcd3cc4e08cc426564f5cf06831316054","CAR_5767efedcd3cc4e08cc426564f5cf06831316054","101_7_MARCO_6542765","MARCO_6542765",null,"Does the public pay the First Lady of the United States?","CAR_5767efedcd3cc4e08cc426564f5cf06831316054","101_7_CAR_5767efedcd3cc4e08cc426564f5cf06831316054","Since 1985, the National Governors Association has encouraged state First Ladies and Gentlemen to pursue their own, distinct causes and public agendas. The public role of the first spouse is traditionally ceremonial. Like the First Ladies of the United States, state and territorial first spouses are not elected and earn no government salary. However, traditionally first spouses also champion important causes either nationally or within their individual states or territories, such as charitable and humanitarian work. First spouses are often seen as high profile individuals who can direct public awareness towards a particular cause or campaign. For example, the nation's first spouses launched a nationwide national breast cancer awareness campaign in conjunction with the National Governors Association in 1994. In collaboration with the breast cancer initiative, some First Spouses participated in media campaigns, public relations, chaired statewide breast cancer awareness committees, and even spearheaded the creation of a specific women's departments within state health departments. Diverse initiatives championed by individual current First Spouses have included advocacy against drunk driving, heart disease in women, the Special Olympics, and development assistance projects in Rwanda.",2]
["Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","101_8","Is it true that the public is paying Ivanka Trump?","Public officials are not allowed to hire or promote relatives, but Ivanka Trump and her father, the president of the United States, aren't worried about violating ethics rules with her new job at the White House. Since Ivanka Trump is not getting paid, the White House has said she and other Trump relatives working in Washington are in the clear. The president's oldest daughter has been hired at the White House as an unpaid employee with the title Assistant to the President, the Donald Trump administration announced Wednesday. But despite her nonexistent salary, being the daughter of the president comes with many perks.",3,null,"What amount does the public pay, Ivanka Trump?","â€œDonald J. Trumpâ€\u009d is listed on the foundationâ€™s website as giving between $100,000 and $250,000 to the charitable organization. â€œIvanka Trump,â€\u009d meanwhile, is listed as a donor who gifted between $5,001 and $10,000 to the nonprofit. ADVERTISEMENT.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why does the public pay Ivanka?","Public officials are not allowed to hire or promote relatives, but Ivanka Trump and her father, the president of the United States, aren't worried about violating ethics rules with her new job at the White House. Since Ivanka Trump is not getting paid, the White House has said she and other Trump relatives working in Washington are in the clear. The president's oldest daughter has been hired at the White House as an unpaid employee with the title Assistant to the President, the Donald Trump administration announced Wednesday. But despite her nonexistent salary, being the daughter of the president comes with many perks.",3,null,"Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","Public officials are not allowed to hire or promote relatives, but Ivanka Trump and her father, the president of the United States, aren't worried about violating ethics rules with her new job at the White House. Since Ivanka Trump is not getting paid, the White House has said she and other Trump relatives working in Washington are in the clear. The president's oldest daughter has been hired at the White House as an unpaid employee with the title Assistant to the President, the Donald Trump administration announced Wednesday. But despite her nonexistent salary, being the daughter of the president comes with many perks.",3,null,173,false,"101_8_MARCO_3377207","MARCO_3377207","101_8_MARCO_3161828","MARCO_3161828","101_8_MARCO_3377207","MARCO_3377207",null,"Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","MARCO_3377207","101_8_MARCO_3377207","Public officials are not allowed to hire or promote relatives, but Ivanka Trump and her father, the president of the United States, aren't worried about violating ethics rules with her new job at the White House. Since Ivanka Trump is not getting paid, the White House has said she and other Trump relatives working in Washington are in the clear. The president's oldest daughter has been hired at the White House as an unpaid employee with the title Assistant to the President, the Donald Trump administration announced Wednesday. But despite her nonexistent salary, being the daughter of the president comes with many perks.",3]
["Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","101_8","Is it true that the public is paying Ivanka Trump?","Ivanka Trump is now officially an employee of the U.S. government. The White House announced Wednesday that she will take no pay and serve as an assistant to the president. The role comes after NBC News confirmed earlier this week that the first daughter would have an office in the West Wing.",4,null,"What amount does the public pay, Ivanka Trump?","Ivanka Trump Net Worth & Salary 2014: Read all the facts related to Ivanka Trump Net Worth & Salary 2014. Ivanka Trump is a successful businesswoman, former model and writer. At the start of 2014, she has earned an estimated net worth amount of $150 million dollars. ' next",0,null,"Why does the public pay Ivanka?","Ivanka Trump is now officially an employee of the U.S. government. The White House announced Wednesday that she will take no pay and serve as an assistant to the president. The role comes after NBC News confirmed earlier this week that the first daughter would have an office in the West Wing. Her role was first reported by the New York Times.",4,null,"Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","Ivanka Trump is now officially an employee of the U.S. government. The White House announced Wednesday that she will take no pay and serve as an assistant to the president. The role comes after NBC News confirmed earlier this week that the first daughter would have an office in the West Wing.",4,null,173,false,"101_8_MARCO_3457837","MARCO_3457837","101_8_MARCO_8121880","MARCO_8121880","101_8_MARCO_2758889","MARCO_2758889",null,"Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","MARCO_3457837","101_8_MARCO_3457837","Ivanka Trump is now officially an employee of the U.S. government. The White House announced Wednesday that she will take no pay and serve as an assistant to the president. The role comes after NBC News confirmed earlier this week that the first daughter would have an office in the West Wing.",4]
["Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","101_8","Is it true that the public is paying Ivanka Trump?","Ivanka Trump is now officially an employee of the U.S. government. The White House announced Wednesday that she will take no pay and serve as an assistant to the president. The role comes after NBC News confirmed earlier this week that the first daughter would have an office in the West Wing. Her role was first reported by the New York Times.",4,null,"What amount does the public pay, Ivanka Trump?","Ivanka Trump net worth: $150 Million. Ivanka Trump net worth: Ivanka Trump is an American businesswoman, writer, heiress and former model who has a net worth of $150 million dollars. The daughter of Donald Trump and Ivana Trump, Ivanka Trump is a businesswoman and model.",0,null,"Why does the public pay Ivanka?","Ivanka Trump is now officially an employee of the U.S. government. The White House announced Wednesday that she will take no pay and serve as an assistant to the president. The role comes after NBC News confirmed earlier this week that the first daughter would have an office in the West Wing.",4,null,"Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","Ivanka Trump is now officially an employee of the U.S. government. The White House announced Wednesday that she will take no pay and serve as an assistant to the president. The role comes after NBC News confirmed earlier this week that the first daughter would have an office in the West Wing. Her role was first reported by the New York Times.",4,null,173,false,"101_8_MARCO_2758889","MARCO_2758889","101_8_MARCO_197799","MARCO_197799","101_8_MARCO_3457837","MARCO_3457837",null,"Does the public pay Ivanka Trump?","MARCO_2758889","101_8_MARCO_2758889","Ivanka Trump is now officially an employee of the U.S. government. The White House announced Wednesday that she will take no pay and serve as an assistant to the president. The role comes after NBC News confirmed earlier this week that the first daughter would have an office in the West Wing. Her role was first reported by the New York Times.",4]
["Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","101_9","Does the public actually pay Jared Kushner?","In the years since Charles Kushner was prosecuted by Christie, Murray Kushner has become a generous supporter of Christie and the Republican Party in New Jersey, and Christieâ€™s administration has subsequently delivered big public subsidies back to Kushner.",0,null,"Who pays Jared Kushner?","The most egregious example of pay-for-Crimson - play is that of Jared Kushner , now the youthful owner of The New York Observer. While Jared was applying to colleges, his dad, New Jersey billionaire developer Charles Kushner , pledged $2.5 million to Harvard, to be paid in installments.",0,null,"Who pays Jared Kushner's salary?","The most egregious example of pay-for-Crimson - play is that of Jared Kushner , now the youthful owner of The New York Observer. While Jared was applying to colleges, his dad, New Jersey billionaire developer Charles Kushner , pledged $2.5 million to Harvard, to be paid in installments.",0,null,"Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","In August 2015, an USA Today article reported that the Jared Foundation had not issued any grants nor had it given funds for its stated purpose. The article further noted that, on average, the foundation spent $73,000 a year with the majority of that figure paying the salary of the foundation's executive director. More than one quarter of the funds were unaccounted for per the foundation's tax records. The Secretary of State of Indiana dissolved the organization in February 2012 because it did not pay the required five dollar annual reporting fees during the two previous years despite being requested to do so on multiple occasions.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,174,true,"101_9_MARCO_3811256","MARCO_3811256","101_9_MARCO_1906238","MARCO_1906238","101_9_MARCO_1906238","MARCO_1906238",null,"Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","CAR_ec6ced468004abeef3a58a21a2aad7a099709d12","101_9_CAR_ec6ced468004abeef3a58a21a2aad7a099709d12","In August 2015, an USA Today article reported that the Jared Foundation had not issued any grants nor had it given funds for its stated purpose. The article further noted that, on average, the foundation spent $73,000 a year with the majority of that figure paying the salary of the foundation's executive director. More than one quarter of the funds were unaccounted for per the foundation's tax records. The Secretary of State of Indiana dissolved the organization in February 2012 because it did not pay the required five dollar annual reporting fees during the two previous years despite being requested to do so on multiple occasions.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","101_9","Does the public actually pay Jared Kushner?","As an undergrad, Jared Kushner made $20 million investing his familyâ€™s money in nine residential buildings in Cambridge, Massachusetts, according to The Harvard Crimson. Then, in 2006, he spent $10 million of that on a controlling stake in The New York Observer.",0,null,"Who pays Jared Kushner?","Jared C. Kushner â€™03, the 25-year-old son of property developer Charles B. Kushner, has paid $10 million to acquire The New York Observer, a weekly, small-circulation newspaper that is influential in New York media, real estate, and political worlds.",0,null,"Who pays Jared Kushner's salary?","In August 2015, an USA Today article reported that the Jared Foundation had not issued any grants nor had it given funds for its stated purpose. The article further noted that, on average, the foundation spent $73,000 a year with the majority of that figure paying the salary of the foundation's executive director. More than one quarter of the funds were unaccounted for per the foundation's tax records. The Secretary of State of Indiana dissolved the organization in February 2012 because it did not pay the required five dollar annual reporting fees during the two previous years despite being requested to do so on multiple occasions.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","In the years since Charles Kushner was prosecuted by Christie, Murray Kushner has become a generous supporter of Christie and the Republican Party in New Jersey, and Christieâ€™s administration has subsequently delivered big public subsidies back to Kushner.",0,null,174,true,"101_9_MARCO_1906232","MARCO_1906232","101_9_MARCO_3552059","MARCO_3552059","101_9_CAR_ec6ced468004abeef3a58a21a2aad7a099709d12","CAR_ec6ced468004abeef3a58a21a2aad7a099709d12",null,"Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","MARCO_3811256","101_9_MARCO_3811256","In the years since Charles Kushner was prosecuted by Christie, Murray Kushner has become a generous supporter of Christie and the Republican Party in New Jersey, and Christieâ€™s administration has subsequently delivered big public subsidies back to Kushner.",0]
["Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","101_9","Does the public actually pay Jared Kushner?","The most egregious example of pay-for-Crimson - play is that of Jared Kushner , now the youthful owner of The New York Observer. While Jared was applying to colleges, his dad, New Jersey billionaire developer Charles Kushner , pledged $2.5 million to Harvard, to be paid in installments.",0,null,"Who pays Jared Kushner?","Jared Corey Kushner (born January 10, 1981) is an American businessman, investor and political operative. He is principal owner of the real estate holding and development company Kushner Properties and the newspaper publishing company the New York Observer. He is the son of American real estate developer Charles Kushner and is married to Ivanka Trump, the daughter of Donald Trump. He is among the top advisors of Donald Trump's presidential campaign. From 2007 to 2016, he spent at least $7 billion on New York real estate. In 2007, at age 26, he made the most expensive single-building property purchase in US history. In 2011, Kushner brought in Vornado Realty Trust as a 50% equity partner in the ownership of the building.",0,null,"Who pays Jared Kushner's salary?","Jared C. Kushner â€™03, the 25-year-old son of property developer Charles B. Kushner, has paid $10 million to acquire The New York Observer, a weekly, small-circulation newspaper that is influential in New York media, real estate, and political worlds.",0,null,"Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","The most egregious example of pay-for-Crimson - play is that of Jared Kushner , now the youthful owner of The New York Observer. While Jared was applying to colleges, his dad, New Jersey billionaire developer Charles Kushner , pledged $2.5 million to Harvard, to be paid in installments.",0,null,174,true,"101_9_MARCO_1906238","MARCO_1906238","101_9_MARCO_2924772","MARCO_2924772","101_9_MARCO_3552059","MARCO_3552059",null,"Does the public pay Jared Kushner?","MARCO_1906238","101_9_MARCO_1906238","The most egregious example of pay-for-Crimson - play is that of Jared Kushner , now the youthful owner of The New York Observer. While Jared was applying to colleges, his dad, New Jersey billionaire developer Charles Kushner , pledged $2.5 million to Harvard, to be paid in installments.",0]
["What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","101_10","What does Jared Kushner do for the President?","Here Are All the Jobs Jared Kushner Is Doing at the White House. President Trump has appointed his son-in-law and senior adviser Jared Kushner to head the White House Office of American Innovation, designed to rework the government using inspiration from the private sector. This is quite a big task for a 36-year-old with no former governing experience.",3,null,"What is Jared Kushner doing in the Trump administration?","Jared Kushner, President Donald Trump's 36-year-old son-in-law, is now serving as a senior adviser in the Trump administration. Though Jared did not have an official role during Trump's campaign, he was nevertheless seen as a de facto campaign manager, and he later served as a member of Trump's transition team.",1,null,"What is Jared Kushner's job at the White House?","Here Are All the Jobs Jared Kushner Is Doing at the White House. President Trump has appointed his son-in-law and senior adviser Jared Kushner to head the White House Office of American Innovation, designed to rework the government using inspiration from the private sector. This is quite a big task for a 36-year-old with no former governing experience.",3,null,"What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","Here Are All the Jobs Jared Kushner Is Doing at the White House. President Trump has appointed his son-in-law and senior adviser Jared Kushner to head the White House Office of American Innovation, designed to rework the government using inspiration from the private sector. This is quite a big task for a 36-year-old with no former governing experience.",3,null,175,false,"101_10_MARCO_4157445","MARCO_4157445","101_10_MARCO_2344271","MARCO_2344271","101_10_MARCO_4157445","MARCO_4157445",null,"What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","MARCO_4157445","101_10_MARCO_4157445","Here Are All the Jobs Jared Kushner Is Doing at the White House. President Trump has appointed his son-in-law and senior adviser Jared Kushner to head the White House Office of American Innovation, designed to rework the government using inspiration from the private sector. This is quite a big task for a 36-year-old with no former governing experience.",3]
["What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","101_10","What does Jared Kushner do for the President?","Does Jared Kushner have any influence over his father-in-law Donald Trump? In a word, yes, but it has already proved to be controversial. Jared Kushner has been named as a special adviser to the President, working alongside the chief of staff, Reince Priebus, and Trump's chief strategist, Steve Bannon. It's believed he will mainly focus on trade policy and the Middle East peace process.",3,null,"What is Jared Kushner doing in the Trump administration?","Here Are All the Jobs Jared Kushner Is Doing at the White House. President Trump has appointed his son-in-law and senior adviser Jared Kushner to head the White House Office of American Innovation, designed to rework the government using inspiration from the private sector. This is quite a big task for a 36-year-old with no former governing experience.",3,null,"What is Jared Kushner's job at the White House?","Jared Kushner, the son-in-law of President-elect Donald Trump and one of his closest confidants, will join the White House as a senior adviser to the president, Trump announced Monday, while a lawyer assisting the family said that Kushnerâ€™s wife, Ivanka Trump, will not immediately take on a formal role.",1,null,"What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","Jared Kushner, the son-in-law of President-elect Donald Trump and one of his closest confidants, will join the White House as a senior adviser to the president, Trump announced Monday, while a lawyer assisting the family said that Kushnerâ€™s wife, Ivanka Trump, will not immediately take on a formal role.",1,null,175,false,"101_10_MARCO_1167320","MARCO_1167320","101_10_MARCO_4157445","MARCO_4157445","101_10_MARCO_4157439","MARCO_4157439",null,"What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","MARCO_4157439","101_10_MARCO_4157439","Jared Kushner, the son-in-law of President-elect Donald Trump and one of his closest confidants, will join the White House as a senior adviser to the president, Trump announced Monday, while a lawyer assisting the family said that Kushnerâ€™s wife, Ivanka Trump, will not immediately take on a formal role.",1]
["What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","101_10","What does Jared Kushner do for the President?","Jared Kushner, President Donald Trump's 36-year-old son-in-law, is now serving as a senior adviser in the Trump administration. Though Jared did not have an official role during Trump's campaign, he was nevertheless seen as a de facto campaign manager, and he later served as a member of Trump's transition team.",1,null,"What is Jared Kushner doing in the Trump administration?","Ivanka Trump's husband wields extraordinary influence in the Trump sphere. Jared Kushner, President Donald Trump's 36-year-old son-in-law, is now serving as a senior adviser in the Trump administration. Though Jared did not have an official role during Trump's campaign, he was nevertheless seen as a de facto campaign manager, and he later served as a member of Trump's transition team.",1,null,"What is Jared Kushner's job at the White House?","White House Announces Jared Kushner Is Now Responsible For Everything. Donald Trump really needs to meet some new people. The president of the United States has a very difficult job, and in recent weeks weâ€™ve all been given to wonder whether President Donald Trump really wants to do it.",1,null,"What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","Mar 27, 2017. 1  President Trump has appointed his son-in-law and senior adviser Jared Kushner to head the White House Office of American Innovation, designed to rework the government using inspiration from the private sector. 2  This is quite a big task for a 36-year-old with no former governing experience.",3,null,175,false,"101_10_MARCO_2344271","MARCO_2344271","101_10_MARCO_7394529","MARCO_7394529","101_10_MARCO_4157443","MARCO_4157443",null,"What does Jared Kushner do at the White House?","MARCO_4157446","101_10_MARCO_4157446","Mar 27, 2017. 1  President Trump has appointed his son-in-law and senior adviser Jared Kushner to head the White House Office of American Innovation, designed to rework the government using inspiration from the private sector. 2  This is quite a big task for a 36-year-old with no former governing experience.",3]
["When did social security start in the United States (US)?","102_1","What is the history of Social Security and its start in the United States?","United States History. The Social Security Act. At approximately 3:30 p.m. on August 14, 1935, the Social Security Act* became law above President Franklin D. Roosevelt`s signature. The Social Security Act is one of the truly momentous legislative accomplishments in United States history.",3,null,"What year did social security in the United States start?","United States History. The Social Security Act. At approximately 3:30 p.m. on August 14, 1935, the Social Security Act* became law above President Franklin D. Roosevelt`s signature. The Social Security Act is one of the truly momentous legislative accomplishments in United States history.",3,null,"What is social security, and what year was it created in the U.S.?","In 2015, Social Security turned 80 years old. The original Social Security Act was signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1935. At that time, the U.S. was just beginning to recover from the Great Depression.",3,null,"When did social security start in the United States (US)?","United States History. The Social Security Act. At approximately 3:30 p.m. on August 14, 1935, the Social Security Act* became law above President Franklin D. Roosevelt`s signature. The Social Security Act is one of the truly momentous legislative accomplishments in United States history.",3,null,176,true,"102_1_MARCO_5033940","MARCO_5033940","102_1_MARCO_5033940","MARCO_5033940","102_1_MARCO_3539047","MARCO_3539047",null,"When did social security start in the United States (US)?","MARCO_5033940","102_1_MARCO_5033940","United States History. The Social Security Act. At approximately 3:30 p.m. on August 14, 1935, the Social Security Act* became law above President Franklin D. Roosevelt`s signature. The Social Security Act is one of the truly momentous legislative accomplishments in United States history.",3]
["When did social security start in the United States (US)?","102_1","What is the history of Social Security and its start in the United States?","History of Social Security in the United States. A limited form of the Social Security program began as a measure to implement social insurance during the Great Depression of the 1930s, when poverty rates among senior citizens exceeded 50 percent.",2,null,"What year did social security in the United States start?","In 1935, President Franklin Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act. This new federal legislature started the collecting of taxes in 1937. Since then, working citizens across the United States began paying into social security in order to have a form of guaranteed income once they reached retirement age. The Social Security Act was initially meant to be a form of basic retirement for working individuals. However, in 1939, an amendment was made to the act that allowed spouses and/or children to begin receiving social security survivor benefits if a parent or spouse was deceased and qualified for social security income.",4,null,"What is social security, and what year was it created in the U.S.?","DEFINITION of 'Social Security Administration-SSA'. A U.S. government agency created in 1935 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the SSA administers the social insurance programs in the United States. The agency covers a wide range of social security services, such as disability, retirement and survivors' benefits. Previously operating under the Department of Health and Human Services, the SSA has operated as a wholly independent agency since 1994.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"When did social security start in the United States (US)?","In 1935, President Franklin Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act. This new federal legislature started the collecting of taxes in 1937. Since then, working citizens across the United States began paying into social security in order to have a form of guaranteed income once they reached retirement age. The Social Security Act was initially meant to be a form of basic retirement for working individuals. However, in 1939, an amendment was made to the act that allowed spouses and/or children to begin receiving social security survivor benefits if a parent or spouse was deceased and qualified for social security income.",4,null,176,true,"102_1_MARCO_3845329","MARCO_3845329","102_1_MARCO_1843594","MARCO_1843594","102_1_MARCO_7038360","MARCO_7038360",null,"When did social security start in the United States (US)?","MARCO_1843594","102_1_MARCO_1843594","In 1935, President Franklin Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act. This new federal legislature started the collecting of taxes in 1937. Since then, working citizens across the United States began paying into social security in order to have a form of guaranteed income once they reached retirement age. The Social Security Act was initially meant to be a form of basic retirement for working individuals. However, in 1939, an amendment was made to the act that allowed spouses and/or children to begin receiving social security survivor benefits if a parent or spouse was deceased and qualified for social security income.",4]
["When did social security start in the United States (US)?","102_1","What is the history of Social Security and its start in the United States?","Best Answer: Social Security. It is the largest socail program in United States history. Signed into law in 1935, it still exists today. The immediate effects were quite positive: it helped lower the poverty rate of senior citizens, which had been well over 50% during the Depression.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"What year did social security in the United States start?","At approximately 3:30 p.m. on August 14, 1935, the Social Security Act* became law above President Franklin D. Roosevelt`s signature. The Social Security Act is one of the truly momentous legislative accomplishments in United States history.",3,null,"What is social security, and what year was it created in the U.S.?","DEFINITION of 'Social Security Administration-SSA'. A U.S. government agency created in 1935 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the SSA administers the social insurance programs in the United States. The agency covers a wide range of social security services, such as disability, retirement and survivors' benefits.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"When did social security start in the United States (US)?","When Did Social Security and Medicare Start? Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act in August 1935. The first one-time, lump-sum payments were made in January 1937, and regular monthly benefits were first paid in January 1940. Medicare wasn't enacted until July 1965, with the first beneficiaries signing up approximately one year later.",4,null,176,true,"102_1_MARCO_7905151","MARCO_7905151","102_1_MARCO_4205379","MARCO_4205379","102_1_MARCO_8655914","MARCO_8655914",null,"When did social security start in the United States (US)?","MARCO_4143554","102_1_MARCO_4143554","When Did Social Security and Medicare Start? Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act in August 1935. The first one-time, lump-sum payments were made in January 1937, and regular monthly benefits were first paid in January 1940. Medicare wasn't enacted until July 1965, with the first beneficiaries signing up approximately one year later.",4]
["Was social security mandatory?","102_2","Was social security mandatory or voluntary?","However, if a job was covered, or became covered by subsequent law, then if a person worked at that job, participation in Social Security was mandatory. There have only been a handful of exceptions to this rule, generally involving persons working for state/local governments.",3,null,"Is social security mandatory now?","Social Security and Medicare expenditures are funded by permanent appropriations and so are considered mandatory spending according to the 1997 Budget Enforcement Act (BEA).  Social Security and Medicare are sometimes called \"entitlements,\" because people meeting relevant eligibility requirements are legally entitled to benefits, although most pay taxes into these programs throughout their working lives.",2,null,"Why is social security compulsory in the U.S.?","In the United States in the late 1990s, privatization found advocates who complained that U.S. workers, paying compulsory payroll taxes into Social Security, were missing out on the high rates of return of the U.S. stock market (the Dow averaged 5.3% compounded annually for the 20th century). They likened their proposed \"Private Retirement Accounts\" (PRAs) to the popular Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) and 401(k) savings plans. But in the meantime, several conservative and libertarian organizations that considered it a crucial issue, such as the Heritage Foundation and Cato Institute, continued to lobby for some form of Social Security privatization.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Was social security mandatory?","However, if a job was covered, or became covered by subsequent law, then if a person worked at that job, participation in Social Security was mandatory. There have only been a handful of exceptions to this rule, generally involving persons working for state/local governments.",3,null,177,false,"102_2_MARCO_4821156","MARCO_4821156","102_2_CAR_52974f609c91537f7f4c79fedb26df5ff7447113","CAR_52974f609c91537f7f4c79fedb26df5ff7447113","102_2_CAR_9e545073cd378afe6b515b7bd1c29df1eea9bc70","CAR_9e545073cd378afe6b515b7bd1c29df1eea9bc70",null,"Was social security mandatory?","MARCO_4821156","102_2_MARCO_4821156","However, if a job was covered, or became covered by subsequent law, then if a person worked at that job, participation in Social Security was mandatory. There have only been a handful of exceptions to this rule, generally involving persons working for state/local governments.",3]
["Was social security mandatory?","102_2","Was social security mandatory or voluntary?","â€œAny Federal, State or local government agency which requests an individual to disclose his social security account number shall inform that individual whether that disclosure is mandatory or voluntary, by what statutory or other authority such number is solicited, and what uses will be made of it.â€\u009d Sec. 7(b).",0,null,"Is social security mandatory now?","Over the years, the law changed. Most employees have Social Security protection, because. their states have special agreements with the Social Security. Administration. Theyâ€™re called â€œSection 218 agreements.â€\u009d. Congress passed a law in July 1991 extending Social. Security on a mandatory basis to most state and local. employees not covered by an agreement or a Social Security. equivalent public pension system. Except for workers specifically excluded by law, employees. hired after March 31, 1986, also have Medicare protection. State and local governments may also get Medicare.",3,null,"Why is social security compulsory in the U.S.?","In response to the petition, Congress passed the Social Security Act. Social Security Board Poster. The Social Security Act established Old Age and Survivors' Insurance that provided for compulsory savings for wage earners so that benefits may be paid to them on retirement at 65. To finance the scheme, both the employer and employee had to pay a 3% payroll tax.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Was social security mandatory?","Must I enter my Social Security number? In compliance with the federal Privacy Act of 1974, disclosure of your Social Security number is mandatory as authorized by provisions of rules 1-63.8, 3-14.1, 3-14.2, and 4-41 of the Rules of the Supreme Court Relating to Admission to the Bar.",0,null,177,false,"102_2_MARCO_3303603","MARCO_3303603","102_2_MARCO_6393602","MARCO_6393602","102_2_MARCO_1162872","MARCO_1162872",null,"Was social security mandatory?","MARCO_2838534","102_2_MARCO_2838534","Must I enter my Social Security number? In compliance with the federal Privacy Act of 1974, disclosure of your Social Security number is mandatory as authorized by provisions of rules 1-63.8, 3-14.1, 3-14.2, and 4-41 of the Rules of the Supreme Court Relating to Admission to the Bar.",0]
["Was social security mandatory?","102_2","Was social security mandatory or voluntary?","Reagan was in favor of making Social Security benefits voluntary. According to Reagan biographer Lou Cannon, \"I have no doubt that he shared the view that Social Security was a Ponzi scheme. He was intrigued with the idea of a voluntary plan that would have allowed workers to make their own investments. This idea would have undermined the system by depriving Social Security of the contributions of millions of the nation’s highest-paid workers.\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Is social security mandatory now?","However, if a job was covered, or became covered by subsequent law, then if a person worked at that job, participation in Social Security was mandatory. There have only been a handful of exceptions to this rule, generally involving persons working for state/local governments.",3,null,"Why is social security compulsory in the U.S.?","The Social Security Act also provides for the Medicare social insurance program. . The intent of the program is to democratize health insurance by providing national health insurance to pay medical costs of people aged 65 and older. Medicare Part A is compulsory hospital insurance.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Was social security mandatory?","Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid expenditures are funded by more permanent Congressional appropriations and so are considered mandatory spending. Social Security and Medicare are sometimes called \"entitlements,\" because people meeting relevant eligibility requirements are legally entitled to benefits, although most pay taxes into these programs throughout their working lives. Some programs, such as Food Stamps, are appropriated entitlements. Some mandatory spending, such as Congressional salaries, is not part of any entitlement program. Mandatory spending accounted for 59.8% of total federal outlays (net of receipts that partially pay for the programs), with net interest payments accounting for an additional 6.5%. In 2000, these were 53.2% and 12.5%, respectively.",0,null,177,false,"102_2_CAR_2066d182765e9b30bc5fb704ab9a1efba6982c24","CAR_2066d182765e9b30bc5fb704ab9a1efba6982c24","102_2_MARCO_4821156","MARCO_4821156","102_2_MARCO_4870733","MARCO_4870733",null,"Was social security mandatory?","CAR_0a0029784d19f945a035886d5bd46f234f19b2c9","102_2_CAR_0a0029784d19f945a035886d5bd46f234f19b2c9","Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid expenditures are funded by more permanent Congressional appropriations and so are considered mandatory spending. Social Security and Medicare are sometimes called \"entitlements,\" because people meeting relevant eligibility requirements are legally entitled to benefits, although most pay taxes into these programs throughout their working lives. Some programs, such as Food Stamps, are appropriated entitlements. Some mandatory spending, such as Congressional salaries, is not part of any entitlement program. Mandatory spending accounted for 59.8% of total federal outlays (net of receipts that partially pay for the programs), with net interest payments accounting for an additional 6.5%. In 2000, these were 53.2% and 12.5%, respectively.",0]
["Who received the first social security check?","102_3","Who received the first social security payment?","The first reported Social Security payment was to Ernest Ackerman, a Cleveland motorman who retired only one day after Social Security began. Five cents were withheld from his pay during that period, and he received a lump-sum payout of seventeen cents from Social Security.",4,null,"Who was the first beneficiary of Social Security funds?","1940: The first social security beneficiary was Ida May Fuller, she received check 00-000-001 in the amount of $22.54.",4,null,"What was the first social security check? Who was it addressed to?","First one on the first Certification List and so the first Social Security check, check number 00-000-001, was issued to Ida May Fuller in the amount of $22.54 and dated Januaâ€¦ry 31, 1940.",4,null,"Who received the first social security check?","The first person ever to receive a Social Security benefit check, issued on January 31, 1940 was Ida May Fuller from Brattleboro.",4,null,178,true,"102_3_CAR_9b6bf9f8396a40796da3f96ede62e0290a818798","CAR_9b6bf9f8396a40796da3f96ede62e0290a818798","102_3_CAR_caf9099f70aa71cb5b50659525a1bd70c05990bf","CAR_caf9099f70aa71cb5b50659525a1bd70c05990bf","102_3_MARCO_6004526","MARCO_6004526",null,"Who received the first social security check?","CAR_9d0ec26c5bd172897d7a95582f379daa8619fead","102_3_CAR_9d0ec26c5bd172897d7a95582f379daa8619fead","The first person ever to receive a Social Security benefit check, issued on January 31, 1940 was Ida May Fuller from Brattleboro.",4]
["Who received the first social security check?","102_3","Who received the first social security payment?","During the Social Security program's start-up period between January 1937 and December 1939, the SSA only made one-time, lump-sum payments. According to SSA historians, Ernest Ackerman was the first recipient of Social Security benefits -- 17 cents, paid to him in January 1937. The first person to receive monthly benefits was Ida May Fuller from Vermont, who retired in November 1939 and started collecting benefits in January 1940 at age 65.",4,null,"Who was the first beneficiary of Social Security funds?","* When Social Security first began, beneficiaries could take their benefits as a lump sum. [64] The earliest reported applicant for a lump sum Social Security benefit was Ernest Ackerman of Cleveland, OH. Mr. Ackerman retired one day after the program began and paid $0.05 in Social Security taxes.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What was the first social security check? Who was it addressed to?","1940: The first social security beneficiary was Ida May Fuller, she received check 00-000-001 in the amount of $22.54.",4,null,"Who received the first social security check?","1940: The first social security beneficiary was Ida May Fuller, she received check 00-000-001 in the amount of $22.54.",4,null,178,true,"102_3_MARCO_4039960","MARCO_4039960","102_3_MARCO_2413737","MARCO_2413737","102_3_CAR_caf9099f70aa71cb5b50659525a1bd70c05990bf","CAR_caf9099f70aa71cb5b50659525a1bd70c05990bf",null,"Who received the first social security check?","CAR_caf9099f70aa71cb5b50659525a1bd70c05990bf","102_3_CAR_caf9099f70aa71cb5b50659525a1bd70c05990bf","1940: The first social security beneficiary was Ida May Fuller, she received check 00-000-001 in the amount of $22.54.",4]
["Who received the first social security check?","102_3","Who received the first social security payment?","During the Social Security program's start-up period between January 1937 and December 1939, the SSA only made one-time, lump-sum payments. According to SSA historians, Ernest Ackerman was the first recipient of Social Security benefits -- 17 cents, paid to him in January 1937. The first person to receive monthly benefits was Ida May Fuller from Vermont, who retired in November 1939 and started collecting benefits in January 1940 at age 65. In the three years that Fuller worked under the program, she contributed a total of $24.75.",4,null,"Who was the first beneficiary of Social Security funds?","The first reported Social Security payment was to Ernest Ackerman, a Cleveland motorman who retired only one day after Social Security began. Five cents were withheld from his pay during that period, and he received a lump-sum payout of seventeen cents from Social Security.",4,null,"What was the first social security check? Who was it addressed to?","The first person ever to receive a Social Security benefit check, issued on January 31, 1940 was Ida May Fuller from Brattleboro.",4,null,"Who received the first social security check?","First one on the first Certification List and so the first Social Security check, check number 00-000-001, was issued to Ida May Fuller in the amount of $22.54 and dated Januaâ€¦ry 31, 1940.",4,null,178,true,"102_3_MARCO_4731017","MARCO_4731017","102_3_CAR_9b6bf9f8396a40796da3f96ede62e0290a818798","CAR_9b6bf9f8396a40796da3f96ede62e0290a818798","102_3_CAR_9d0ec26c5bd172897d7a95582f379daa8619fead","CAR_9d0ec26c5bd172897d7a95582f379daa8619fead",null,"Who received the first social security check?","MARCO_6004526","102_3_MARCO_6004526","First one on the first Certification List and so the first Social Security check, check number 00-000-001, was issued to Ida May Fuller in the amount of $22.54 and dated Januaâ€¦ry 31, 1940.",4]
["When did the government start borrowing from social security?","102_4","Which President first took funds from social security? What year was that?","Concerns about the Social Security system`s financial health surfaced in the 1980s. In 1983, President Ronald Reagan signed into law, for the first time, the taxation of Social Security benefits.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"In what year did the government begin borrowing from social security?","But Social Security ran it last annual surplus in 2009, and began running permanent annual deficits in 2010. The cost of paying full Social Security benefits for 2010 exceeded Social Securityâ€™s total tax revenue by $49 billion. So how did the government pay full Social Security benefits in 2010? They borrowed $49 billion from China, or one of our other creditors.",1,null,"When did the U.S. start borrowing money from social security?","But Social Security ran it last annual surplus in 2009, and began running permanent annual deficits in 2010. The cost of paying full Social Security benefits for 2010 exceeded Social Securityâ€™s total tax revenue by $49 billion. So how did the government pay full Social Security benefits in 2010? They borrowed $49 billion from China, or one of our other creditors.",1,null,"When did the government start borrowing from social security?","But Social Security ran it last annual surplus in 2009, and began running permanent annual deficits in 2010. The cost of paying full Social Security benefits for 2010 exceeded Social Securityâ€™s total tax revenue by $49 billion. So how did the government pay full Social Security benefits in 2010? They borrowed $49 billion from China, or one of our other creditors.",1,null,179,false,"102_4_MARCO_2356522","MARCO_2356522","102_4_MARCO_8192400","MARCO_8192400","102_4_MARCO_8192400","MARCO_8192400",null,"When did the government start borrowing from social security?","MARCO_8192400","102_4_MARCO_8192400","But Social Security ran it last annual surplus in 2009, and began running permanent annual deficits in 2010. The cost of paying full Social Security benefits for 2010 exceeded Social Securityâ€™s total tax revenue by $49 billion. So how did the government pay full Social Security benefits in 2010? They borrowed $49 billion from China, or one of our other creditors.",1]
["When did the government start borrowing from social security?","102_4","Which President first took funds from social security? What year was that?","Today, the federal government automatically puts all of the money that should be set aside for the Social Security Trust Fund into the General Fund. Raiding the Social Security Trust Fund was a precedent set in 1968 by another progressive president, Lyndon B. Johnson, to help pay for the Vietnam War. To date, the federal government has borrowed over $2 trillion from the Social Security Trust Fund to spend on other programs.",4,null,"In what year did the government begin borrowing from social security?","Today, the federal government automatically puts all of the money that should be set aside for the Social Security Trust Fund into the General Fund. Raiding the Social Security Trust Fund was a precedent set in 1968 by another progressive president, Lyndon B. Johnson, to help pay for the Vietnam War. To date, the federal government has borrowed over $2 trillion from the Social Security Trust Fund to spend on other programs.",4,null,"When did the U.S. start borrowing money from social security?","While the U.S. Treasury's borrowing authority may have been exhausted on August 2, 2011, it retained cash balances that would have enabled it to meet federal obligations for a short time. According to Barclays Capital, Treasury would run out of cash around August 10, when $8.5 billion in Social Security payments were due. According to Wall Street analysts, Treasury would not be able borrow from the capital markets after August 2, but still would have enough incoming cash to meet its obligations until August 15. Analysts also predicted that Treasury would be able to roll over the $90 billion in US debt that matured on August 4, and gain additional time to avert the crisis.",0,null,"When did the government start borrowing from social security?","Today, the federal government automatically puts all of the money that should be set aside for the Social Security Trust Fund into the General Fund. Raiding the Social Security Trust Fund was a precedent set in 1968 by another progressive president, Lyndon B. Johnson, to help pay for the Vietnam War. To date, the federal government has borrowed over $2 trillion from the Social Security Trust Fund to spend on other programs.",4,null,179,false,"102_4_MARCO_3466213","MARCO_3466213","102_4_MARCO_3466213","MARCO_3466213","102_4_CAR_beab524fec28cc8a2466f3fd5eab85ae5d8c63de","CAR_beab524fec28cc8a2466f3fd5eab85ae5d8c63de",null,"When did the government start borrowing from social security?","MARCO_3466213","102_4_MARCO_3466213","Today, the federal government automatically puts all of the money that should be set aside for the Social Security Trust Fund into the General Fund. Raiding the Social Security Trust Fund was a precedent set in 1968 by another progressive president, Lyndon B. Johnson, to help pay for the Vietnam War. To date, the federal government has borrowed over $2 trillion from the Social Security Trust Fund to spend on other programs.",4]
["When did the government start borrowing from social security?","102_4","Which President first took funds from social security? What year was that?","One of the most pervasive legends in the Social Security debate suggests that President Lyndon Johnson (LBJ) stole the trust fund in order to pay for Vietnam. The Social Security Administration responds directly to this claim. The Social Security Trust Fund has never been â€œput into the general fund of the government.â€\u009d For this myth to be fact, it would require a 50 year conspiracy that crosses administrations, political parties, and ideologies.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"In what year did the government begin borrowing from social security?","None of the money was saved or invested in anything. Social Security is not broken, but at the moment, it is broke. The cost of paying full benefits in 2010 was $49 billion more than Social Security tax revenue for the year. So the government had to borrow $49 billion (probably from China) in order to pay full benefits. And the gap between the cost of benefits and Social Security tax revenue will get bigger and bigger in the years ahead.",1,null,"When did the U.S. start borrowing money from social security?","Today, the federal government automatically puts all of the money that should be set aside for the Social Security Trust Fund into the General Fund. Raiding the Social Security Trust Fund was a precedent set in 1968 by another progressive president, Lyndon B. Johnson, to help pay for the Vietnam War. To date, the federal government has borrowed over $2 trillion from the Social Security Trust Fund to spend on other programs.",4,null,"When did the government start borrowing from social security?","The Trust Fund represents a legal obligation of the federal government to program beneficiaries. The government has borrowed nearly $2.8 trillion as of 2014 from the Trust Fund and used the money for other purposes. Under current law, when the program goes into an annual cash deficit, the government has to seek alternate funding beyond the payroll taxes dedicated to the program to cover the shortfall. This reduces the trust fund balance to the extent this occurs. The program deficits are expected to exhaust the fund by 2034. Thereafter, since Social Security is only authorized to pay beneficiaries what it collects in payroll taxes dedicated to the program, program payouts will fall by an estimated 21%.",3,null,179,false,"102_4_MARCO_3484739","MARCO_3484739","102_4_MARCO_1555048","MARCO_1555048","102_4_MARCO_3466213","MARCO_3466213",null,"When did the government start borrowing from social security?","CAR_84edb8f5c9e6ea95e456890e2941d3c70af0fd81","102_4_CAR_84edb8f5c9e6ea95e456890e2941d3c70af0fd81","The Trust Fund represents a legal obligation of the federal government to program beneficiaries. The government has borrowed nearly $2.8 trillion as of 2014 from the Trust Fund and used the money for other purposes. Under current law, when the program goes into an annual cash deficit, the government has to seek alternate funding beyond the payroll taxes dedicated to the program to cover the shortfall. This reduces the trust fund balance to the extent this occurs. The program deficits are expected to exhaust the fund by 2034. Thereafter, since Social Security is only authorized to pay beneficiaries what it collects in payroll taxes dedicated to the program, program payouts will fall by an estimated 21%.",3]
["How much money is owed to social security?","102_5","How much is the debt to social security?","Those debts were owed to many federal agencies, but the one that has many Americans howling this tax season is the Social Security Administration, which has found 400,000 taxpayers who collectively owe $714 million on debts more than 10 years old. The agency expects to have begun proceedings against all of those people by this summer.",0,null,"What amounts are owed to Social Security?","Those debts were owed to many federal agencies, but the one that has many Americans howling this tax season is the Social Security Administration, which has found 400,000 taxpayers who collectively owe $714 million on debts more than 10 years old. The agency expects to have begun proceedings against all of those people by this summer.",0,null,"How much is owed to the government from social security benefits in the U.S.?","So - how much does the US government owe the Social Security Trust Fund? Let's look to the most recent Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States (courtesy of TreasuryDirect.gov, *.pdf) to get the answer. So, that's almost $2.6 trillion for the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance trust fund, plus an additional $140 billion or so for the Disability Insurance trust fund.",4,null,"How much money is owed to social security?","In 2014, CBO estimates, Social Security beneficiaries with income under $40,000 owed less than 0.5 percent of their benefits in income taxes, on average, while those with income over $100,000 owed 21 percent, as the figure below shows.",0,null,180,true,"102_5_MARCO_5318498","MARCO_5318498","102_5_MARCO_5318498","MARCO_5318498","102_5_MARCO_3099200","MARCO_3099200",null,"How much money is owed to social security?","MARCO_3089811","102_5_MARCO_3089811","In 2014, CBO estimates, Social Security beneficiaries with income under $40,000 owed less than 0.5 percent of their benefits in income taxes, on average, while those with income over $100,000 owed 21 percent, as the figure below shows.",0]
["How much money is owed to social security?","102_5","How much is the debt to social security?","So, when the CATO Institute says that â€œSocial Security is already. $13.6 trillion in debt,â€\u009d they do not mean that we have borrowed $13.6 Trillion from Social Security. They mean that, over the infinite horizon, we face a shortfall of $13.6 Trillion in addition to the $2.4 Trillion â€œsittingâ€\u009d in the Trust Fund.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What amounts are owed to Social Security?","The accumulated surpluses are invested in special non-marketable Treasury securities (treasuries) issued by the U.S. government, which are deposited in the Social Security Trust Fund. At the end of 2009, the Trust Fund stood at $2.5 trillion. The $2.5 trillion amount owed by the federal government to the Social Security Trust Fund is also a component of the U.S. National Debt, which stood at $15.7 trillion as of May 2012. By 2019, the government is expected to have borrowed nearly $3.8 trillion against the Social Security Trust Fund.",4,null,"How much is owed to the government from social security benefits in the U.S.?","The accumulated surpluses are invested in special non-marketable Treasury securities (treasuries) issued by the U.S. government, which are deposited in the Social Security Trust Fund. At the end of 2009, the Trust Fund stood at $2.5 trillion. The $2.5 trillion amount owed by the federal government to the Social Security Trust Fund is also a component of the U.S. National Debt, which stood at $15.7 trillion as of May 2012. By 2019, the government is expected to have borrowed nearly $3.8 trillion against the Social Security Trust Fund.",4,null,"How much money is owed to social security?","So - how much does the US government owe the Social Security Trust Fund? Let's look to the most recent Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States (courtesy of TreasuryDirect.gov, *.pdf) to get the answer. So, that's almost $2.6 trillion for the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance trust fund, plus an additional $140 billion or so for the Disability Insurance trust fund.",4,null,180,true,"102_5_MARCO_8300161","MARCO_8300161","102_5_CAR_994a1672ba9d98458e8598543469c88da71c5211","CAR_994a1672ba9d98458e8598543469c88da71c5211","102_5_CAR_994a1672ba9d98458e8598543469c88da71c5211","CAR_994a1672ba9d98458e8598543469c88da71c5211",null,"How much money is owed to social security?","MARCO_3099200","102_5_MARCO_3099200","So - how much does the US government owe the Social Security Trust Fund? Let's look to the most recent Monthly Statement of the Public Debt of the United States (courtesy of TreasuryDirect.gov, *.pdf) to get the answer. So, that's almost $2.6 trillion for the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance trust fund, plus an additional $140 billion or so for the Disability Insurance trust fund.",4]
["How much money is owed to social security?","102_5","How much is the debt to social security?","After including federal debt obligations recorded as assets to the Social Security trust fund of $2.73 trillion, Social Securityâ€™s total 75-year unfunded obligation is nearly $12.2 trillion. The Social Security OASI program is projected to reach insolvency in 2035.",1,null,"What amounts are owed to Social Security?","In 2014, CBO estimates, Social Security beneficiaries with income under $40,000 owed less than 0.5 percent of their benefits in income taxes, on average, while those with income over $100,000 owed 21 percent, as the figure below shows.",0,null,"How much is owed to the government from social security benefits in the U.S.?","In 2014, CBO estimates, Social Security beneficiaries with income under $40,000 owed less than 0.5 percent of their benefits in income taxes, on average, while those with income over $100,000 owed 21 percent, as the figure below shows.",0,null,"How much money is owed to social security?","The accumulated surpluses are invested in special non-marketable Treasury securities (treasuries) issued by the U.S. government, which are deposited in the Social Security Trust Fund. At the end of 2009, the Trust Fund stood at $2.5 trillion. The $2.5 trillion amount owed by the federal government to the Social Security Trust Fund is also a component of the U.S. National Debt, which stood at $15.7 trillion as of May 2012. By 2019, the government is expected to have borrowed nearly $3.8 trillion against the Social Security Trust Fund.",4,null,180,true,"102_5_MARCO_5897655","MARCO_5897655","102_5_MARCO_3089811","MARCO_3089811","102_5_MARCO_3089811","MARCO_3089811",null,"How much money is owed to social security?","CAR_994a1672ba9d98458e8598543469c88da71c5211","102_5_CAR_994a1672ba9d98458e8598543469c88da71c5211","The accumulated surpluses are invested in special non-marketable Treasury securities (treasuries) issued by the U.S. government, which are deposited in the Social Security Trust Fund. At the end of 2009, the Trust Fund stood at $2.5 trillion. The $2.5 trillion amount owed by the federal government to the Social Security Trust Fund is also a component of the U.S. National Debt, which stood at $15.7 trillion as of May 2012. By 2019, the government is expected to have borrowed nearly $3.8 trillion against the Social Security Trust Fund.",4]
["When will social security run out of money?","102_6","When does social security run out?","The latest projections from Social Security's Board of Trustees show that the program's trust funds are set to run out in 2034, and when that happens, the program could face an $11 trillion shortfall. IMAGE SOURCE: GETTY IMAGES. Clearly this news isn't lost on concerned workers.",4,null,"When will social security be out of money?","Social Security is predicted to start running out of having enough money to pay all prospective retirees at today's benefit payouts by 2033.",4,null,"How much longer will social security last?","Still, lawmakers will need to act much sooner than 2033 to ensure that Social Security remains solvent. While the program's old age and survivors insurance (OASI) fund will last longer, the disability insurance trust fund will be exhausted by 2016.",{"$error":"#N/A"},3,"When will social security run out of money?","Social Security is predicted to start running out of having enough money to pay all prospective retirees at today's benefit payouts by 2033.",4,null,181,false,"102_6_MARCO_6061813","MARCO_6061813","102_6_CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","102_6_MARCO_8251317","MARCO_8251317",null,"When will social security run out of money?","CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","102_6_CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","Social Security is predicted to start running out of having enough money to pay all prospective retirees at today's benefit payouts by 2033.",4]
["When will social security run out of money?","102_6","When does social security run out?","The 2014 report from the trustees of the Social Security program estimated that the trust fund reserves will run out in 2034. That means Social Security won't be able to pay full retirement benefits starting in 2033.",4,null,"When will social security be out of money?","In 2003 economics researchers Hobijn and Lagakos estimated that the social security trust fund would run out of money in 40 years using CPI-W and in 35 years using CPI-E.",4,null,"How much longer will social security last?","However, planning to have sufficient assets requires setting realistic expectations of how long retirement will last. According to the Social Security Commission, the average life expectancy for those still alive at age 65 is 84 for males and 86 for females. Planning, however, needs to take into consideration living longer than average, or half of retirees could run out of money before they die.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"When will social security run out of money?","In 2003 economics researchers Hobijn and Lagakos estimated that the social security trust fund would run out of money in 40 years using CPI-W and in 35 years using CPI-E.",4,null,181,false,"102_6_MARCO_7828169","MARCO_7828169","102_6_CAR_86cbded8a8fb7f8f39813802f9aece37796eacd0","CAR_86cbded8a8fb7f8f39813802f9aece37796eacd0","102_6_MARCO_8135912","MARCO_8135912",null,"When will social security run out of money?","CAR_86cbded8a8fb7f8f39813802f9aece37796eacd0","102_6_CAR_86cbded8a8fb7f8f39813802f9aece37796eacd0","In 2003 economics researchers Hobijn and Lagakos estimated that the social security trust fund would run out of money in 40 years using CPI-W and in 35 years using CPI-E.",4]
["When will social security run out of money?","102_6","When does social security run out?","Social Security is predicted to start running out of having enough money to pay all prospective retirees at today's benefit payouts by 2033.",4,null,"When will social security be out of money?","The 2014 report from the trustees of the Social Security program estimated that the trust fund reserves will run out in 2034. That means Social Security won't be able to pay full retirement benefits starting in 2033.",4,null,"How much longer will social security last?","Again, there is really no â€œone size fits allâ€\u009d answer as to how long Social Security Disability benefits last. To put it in the simplest terms, Social Security Disability benefits can remain in effect for as long as you are disabled or until you reach the age of 65. Once you reach the age of 65, Social Security Disability benefits stop and retirement benefits kick in.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"When will social security run out of money?","The latest projections from Social Security's Board of Trustees show that the program's trust funds are set to run out in 2034, and when that happens, the program could face an $11 trillion shortfall. IMAGE SOURCE: GETTY IMAGES. Clearly this news isn't lost on concerned workers.",4,null,181,false,"102_6_CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","102_6_MARCO_7828169","MARCO_7828169","102_6_MARCO_8039210","MARCO_8039210",null,"When will social security run out of money?","MARCO_6061813","102_6_MARCO_6061813","The latest projections from Social Security's Board of Trustees show that the program's trust funds are set to run out in 2034, and when that happens, the program could face an $11 trillion shortfall. IMAGE SOURCE: GETTY IMAGES. Clearly this news isn't lost on concerned workers.",4]
["Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","102_7","What if social security funds are emptied?","In each year since 1982, OASDI tax receipts, interest payments and other income have exceeded benefit payments and other expenditures, for example by more than $150 billion in 2004. As the \"baby boomers\" move out of the work force and into retirement, however, expenses will come to exceed tax receipts and then, after several more years, will exceed all OASDI trust income, including interest. At that point the system will begin drawing on its trust fund Treasury Notes, and will continue to pay benefits at the current levels until the Trust Fund is exhausted. In 2013, the OASDI retirement insurance fund collected $731.1 billion and spent $645.5 billion; the disability program (DI) collected $109.1 billion and spent $140.3 billion; Medicare (HI) collected $243.0 and spent $266.8 billion and Supplementary Medical Insurance, SMI, collected $293.9 billion and spent $307.4 billion. In 2013 all Social Security programs except the retirement trust fund (OASDI) spent more than they brought in and relied on significant withdrawals from their respective trust funds to pay their bills. The retirement (OASDI) trust fund of $2,541 billion is expected to be emptied by 2033 by one estimate as new retirees become eligible to join. The disability (DI) trust fund's $153.9 billion will be exhausted by 2018; the Medicare (HI) trust fund of $244.2 billion will be exhausted by 2023 and the Supplemental Medical Insurance (SMI) trust fund will be exhausted by 2020 if the present rate of withdrawals continues—even sooner if they increase. The total \"Social Security\" expenditures in 2013 were $1,360 billion dollars which were 8.4% of the $16,200 billion GNP (2013) and 37.0% of the federal expenditures of $3,684 billion (including a $971.0 billion deficit). All other parts of the Social Security program: medicare (HI), disability (DI) and Supplemental Medical (SMI) trust funds are already drawing down their trust funds and are projected to go into deficit in about 2020 if the present rate of withdrawals continue. As the trust funds are exhausted either benefits will have to be cut, fraud minimized or taxes increased. According to the Center for Economic and Policy Research, upward redistribution of income is responsible for about 43% of the projected Social Security shortfall over the next 75 years.",2,null,"What would happen if Social Security ran out of money?","The Social Security Administration's actuaries have projected that the disability insurance program's trust fund will run out of money next year, resulting in a 20 percent benefit reduction for nearly 11 million Americans.",2,null,"What will happen if the Social Security account dries up?","You can't control what will happen to Social Security by the time you retire.. Â© CNBC is a USA TODAY content partner offering financial news and commentary. Its content is produced independently of USA TODAY.",0,null,"Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","The Social Security Administration's actuaries have projected that the disability insurance program's trust fund will run out of money next year, resulting in a 20 percent benefit reduction for nearly 11 million Americans.",2,null,182,true,"102_7_CAR_137323bb0b10473d5493f20f45b228b8aa02c564","CAR_137323bb0b10473d5493f20f45b228b8aa02c564","102_7_MARCO_4177020","MARCO_4177020","102_7_MARCO_3521405","MARCO_3521405",null,"Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","MARCO_4177020","102_7_MARCO_4177020","The Social Security Administration's actuaries have projected that the disability insurance program's trust fund will run out of money next year, resulting in a 20 percent benefit reduction for nearly 11 million Americans.",2]
["Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","102_7","What if social security funds are emptied?","Under the current rules, and depending upon future economic growth, the Social Security Trust Fund is projected to be depleted sometime between 2042 and 2052. Once the Trust Fund is depleted, we get to the Unfunded (i.e. $13.6 Trillion) part of our Social Security future.",4,null,"What would happen if Social Security ran out of money?","Social Security Disability Benefits Face Cuts in 2016, Trustees Say. WASHINGTON â€” Eleven million people face a deep, abrupt cut in disability insurance benefits in late 2016 if Congress fails to replenish Social Securityâ€™s disability trust fund, which is running out of money, the Obama administration said Wednesday.",1,null,"What will happen if the Social Security account dries up?","now. Any unused money goes to the Social Security trust funds, not a personal account with your name on it. Social Security is more than retirement Many people think of Social Security as just a retirement program. Most of the people receiving benefits are retired, but others receive benefits because theyâ€™re: â€¢ Disabled;",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","The 2014 report from the trustees of the Social Security program estimated that the trust fund reserves will run out in 2034. That means Social Security won't be able to pay full retirement benefits starting in 2033.",4,null,182,true,"102_7_MARCO_8535675","MARCO_8535675","102_7_MARCO_8265099","MARCO_8265099","102_7_MARCO_1980043","MARCO_1980043",null,"Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","MARCO_7828169","102_7_MARCO_7828169","The 2014 report from the trustees of the Social Security program estimated that the trust fund reserves will run out in 2034. That means Social Security won't be able to pay full retirement benefits starting in 2033.",4]
["Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","102_7","What if social security funds are emptied?","At that point, the Social Security Administration would only be able to pay about 75 percent of promised benefits. For Medicare, the hospital insurance trust fund is forecast to be exhausted by 2030.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What would happen if Social Security ran out of money?","Social Security is predicted to start running out of having enough money to pay all prospective retirees at today's benefit payouts by 2033.",1,null,"What will happen if the Social Security account dries up?","Sometimes an account is frozen after someoneâ€™s death even if no one â€” apparently â€” has notified the bank. That can happen because the funeral home may notify the Social Security Administration on behalf of the family and that notification can terminate Social Security payments, which typically are direct-deposited.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","Proponents of the current system argue if and when the Trust Fund runs out, there will still be the choice of raising taxes or cutting benefits, or both. Advocates of the current system say that the projected deficits in Social Security are identical to the \"prescription drug benefit\" enacted in 2002. They say that demographic and revenue projections might turn out to be too pessimistic—and that the current health of the economy exceeds the assumptions used by the Social Security Administration.",4,null,182,true,"102_7_MARCO_3521403","MARCO_3521403","102_7_CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","CAR_538c8801c6e2af7ef56c17348105733c10387df5","102_7_MARCO_3547061","MARCO_3547061",null,"Wow! What will happen if social security runs out of money?","CAR_4d8e23fe50edf2b773c193b7307da35b7fa6ad09","102_7_CAR_4d8e23fe50edf2b773c193b7307da35b7fa6ad09","Proponents of the current system argue if and when the Trust Fund runs out, there will still be the choice of raising taxes or cutting benefits, or both. Advocates of the current system say that the projected deficits in Social Security are identical to the \"prescription drug benefit\" enacted in 2002. They say that demographic and revenue projections might turn out to be too pessimistic—and that the current health of the economy exceeds the assumptions used by the Social Security Administration.",4]
["Can social security be fixed?","102_8","Can we secure social security?","We have to make sure that only you can access your information. If you visit a Social Security office, we can check your photo ID and ask you questions. We must be extra careful to protect your identity online. We designed the questions we ask so that only you should know the answer. If someone stole your wallet, they should not be able to answer these questions.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Is it true Social Security can be repaired?","The credit repair companies may tell you to apply for credit using the CPN or EIN, rather than your own Social Security number. And they may lie and tell you that this process is legal. But it's a scam. These companies may be selling stolen Social Security numbers, often those taken from children.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can social security be fixed? If so, how?","The problems of Social Security can be fixed with a few tax and benefit tweaks. The problems of Medicare are serious, but they are the problems of our entire health care system and will need the same solutions. Entitlements without means-testing unite us into one country.",1,null,"Can social security be fixed?","The problems of Social Security can be fixed with a few tax and benefit tweaks. The problems of Medicare are serious, but they are the problems of our entire health care system and will need the same solutions. Entitlements without means-testing unite us into one country.",1,null,183,false,"102_8_MARCO_8654836","MARCO_8654836","102_8_MARCO_8712062","MARCO_8712062","102_8_MARCO_1085576","MARCO_1085576",null,"Can social security be fixed?","MARCO_1085576","102_8_MARCO_1085576","The problems of Social Security can be fixed with a few tax and benefit tweaks. The problems of Medicare are serious, but they are the problems of our entire health care system and will need the same solutions. Entitlements without means-testing unite us into one country.",1]
["Can social security be fixed?","102_8","Can we secure social security?","She has supported the interests of the elderly with regard to preserving social security.  She has supported organizations such as the Alliance for Retired Americans and the National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare, who share the mission to ensure social and economic justice and full civil rights for all citizens so that they may enjoy lives of dignity, personal and family fulfillment and security.In a position paper, Representative McCollum defended her position on Social Security. She stated, \"We can secure the future of Social Security with common sense and a shared, bipartisan commitment to economic security and fiscal responsibility for all Americans. This is my commitment, and you can count on me to work to protect Social Security and to find a solution that truly protects the retirement security of every American.\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Is it true Social Security can be repaired?","When your Social Security number is compromised, it is natural to think the Social Security Administration will be a one-stop shop to resolve any and all identity, credit, and tax issues. Unfortunately, itâ€™s not that easy. SSA can only correct SSN-reporting problems on their own records. You should regularly review the details of your Social Security Statement to make sure it is correctâ€”and now you can do that online here. Itâ€™s easy to sign up, and you can review your lifetime earnings according to Social Securityâ€™s records.",0,null,"Can social security be fixed? If so, how?","Economist Alice M. Rivlin summarized major reform proposals in January 2009: \"Fixing Social Security is a relatively easy technical problem. It will take some combination of several much-discussed marginal changes: raising the retirement age gradually in the future (and then indexing it to longevity), raising the cap on the payroll tax, fixing the cost of living adjustment, and modifying the indexing of initial benefits so they grow more slowly for more affluent people. In view of the collapse of market values, no one is likely to argue seriously for diverting existing revenues to private accounts, so the opportunity to craft a compromise is much greater than it was a few years ago. Fixing Social Security would be a confidence building achievement for bi-partisan cooperation and would enhance our reputation for fiscal prudence.\"",4,null,"Can social security be fixed?","Economist Alice M. Rivlin summarized major reform proposals in January 2009: \"Fixing Social Security is a relatively easy technical problem. It will take some combination of several much-discussed marginal changes: raising the retirement age gradually in the future (and then indexing it to longevity), raising the cap on the payroll tax, fixing the cost of living adjustment, and modifying the indexing of initial benefits so they grow more slowly for more affluent people. In view of the collapse of market values, no one is likely to argue seriously for diverting existing revenues to private accounts, so the opportunity to craft a compromise is much greater than it was a few years ago. Fixing Social Security would be a confidence building achievement for bi-partisan cooperation and would enhance our reputation for fiscal prudence.\"",4,null,183,false,"102_8_CAR_b5b7b1e23f84581c04c061df3d4b9a32a7ce466b","CAR_b5b7b1e23f84581c04c061df3d4b9a32a7ce466b","102_8_MARCO_5506457","MARCO_5506457","102_8_CAR_ff9caf25c0a5731da1a74171c545cb94b15da3eb","CAR_ff9caf25c0a5731da1a74171c545cb94b15da3eb",null,"Can social security be fixed?","CAR_ff9caf25c0a5731da1a74171c545cb94b15da3eb","102_8_CAR_ff9caf25c0a5731da1a74171c545cb94b15da3eb","Economist Alice M. Rivlin summarized major reform proposals in January 2009: \"Fixing Social Security is a relatively easy technical problem. It will take some combination of several much-discussed marginal changes: raising the retirement age gradually in the future (and then indexing it to longevity), raising the cap on the payroll tax, fixing the cost of living adjustment, and modifying the indexing of initial benefits so they grow more slowly for more affluent people. In view of the collapse of market values, no one is likely to argue seriously for diverting existing revenues to private accounts, so the opportunity to craft a compromise is much greater than it was a few years ago. Fixing Social Security would be a confidence building achievement for bi-partisan cooperation and would enhance our reputation for fiscal prudence.\"",4]
["Can social security be fixed?","102_8","Can we secure social security?","This will instill new security in Social Security. This will provide peace of mind to those concerned with their retirement years, and to their dependents. By acting to raise benefits now to meet the rise in the cost of living, we keep faith with today's recipients.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Is it true Social Security can be repaired?","It is a challenge, but not a crisis, says Rockeymoore, who co-chaired the Commission to Modernize Social Security. There are policy solutions that can be adopted to address this issue. Yet, we continue to see people argue that the Social Security sky is falling, when that is not correct..",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Can social security be fixed? If so, how?","You can just correct the problem and resubmit your return. Chances are, you fixed it, so you can move on. To show you you're in good company, here are a few of the more common errors: 1  A name doesnâ€™t match Social Security records. 2  Address entered incorrectly. 3  Employer Identification Number (EIN) entered incorrectly.",0,null,"Can social security be fixed?","Credit Reporting. SSA cannot fix your credit record if someone has misused your Social Security number (SSN) to obtain credit. To resolve your credit problems, you need to contact the institution that authorized the credit and/or issued the credit card, as well as the major credit reporting agencies.",0,null,183,false,"102_8_MARCO_3398787","MARCO_3398787","102_8_MARCO_952715","MARCO_952715","102_8_MARCO_4252885","MARCO_4252885",null,"Can social security be fixed?","MARCO_1137567","102_8_MARCO_1137567","Credit Reporting. SSA cannot fix your credit record if someone has misused your Social Security number (SSN) to obtain credit. To resolve your credit problems, you need to contact the institution that authorized the credit and/or issued the credit card, as well as the major credit reporting agencies.",0]
["How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","102_9","How much would the tax increase to fix the social security system?","CBO provided estimates regarding various reform alternatives in a July 2014 letter to Senator Orrin Hatch.  For example, CBO wrote: \"To bring the OASDI [Social Security] program as a whole into actuarial balance through 2087 with the taxable maximum set according to current law [$118,500 in 2015], the combined OASDI payroll tax rate could be permanently increased by about 3.5 percentage points...Under that option, the combined OASDI payroll tax rate would rise from 12.4 percent to 15.9 percent in 2015. Revenues credited to the Social Security trust funds in 2015 would increase by about 28 percent.\" This would raise taxes for a worker earning $50,000 by about $900 per year.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4,"What is the proper tax increase to keep Social Security System around?","The CBO projected in 2010 that an increase in payroll taxes ranging from 1.6–2.1% of the payroll tax base, equivalent to 0.6%-0.8% of GDP, would be necessary to put the Social Security program in fiscal balance for the next 75 years. In other words, raising the payroll tax rate to about 14.4% during 2009 (from the current 12.4%) or cutting benefits by 13.3% would address the program's budgetary concerns indefinitely; these amounts increase to around 16% and 24% if no changes are made until 2037. Projections of Social Security's solvency are sensitive to assumptions about rates of economic growth and demographic changes.",4,null,"What tax increase will strengthen social security?","Haruhiko Kuroda, the governor of Bank of Japan, said that raising Japan's sales tax is a confidence-building measure and the measure could stabilize the social security which would strengthen Japan's economic growth. He stated that the stagnation due to the tax hike would be temporary, while he mentioned the possible scenario in which BoJ would additionally conduct quantitative easing. He warned that the cut of its corporation tax could worsen its fiscal position.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","If we keep the cap, the ceiling, on taxable earnings where it is â€” $113,700 in 2013 â€” we need to raise the payroll tax rate from 12.4 percent to 16.4 percent immediately and permanently to make Social Security solvent, assuming we do nothing else.",4,null,184,true,"102_9_CAR_7be93f8f9ae3278041f5941d53ead4df61cfd497","CAR_7be93f8f9ae3278041f5941d53ead4df61cfd497","102_9_CAR_d988731a12fefd12a7253b189b2234942b1f790e","CAR_d988731a12fefd12a7253b189b2234942b1f790e","102_9_CAR_c276c5809050fced38c22046fbd0f5d1666533e9","CAR_c276c5809050fced38c22046fbd0f5d1666533e9",null,"How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","MARCO_1107164","102_9_MARCO_1107164","If we keep the cap, the ceiling, on taxable earnings where it is â€” $113,700 in 2013 â€” we need to raise the payroll tax rate from 12.4 percent to 16.4 percent immediately and permanently to make Social Security solvent, assuming we do nothing else.",4]
["How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","102_9","How much would the tax increase to fix the social security system?","The CBO projected in 2010 that an increase in payroll taxes ranging from 1.6–2.1% of the payroll tax base, equivalent to 0.6%-0.8% of GDP, would be necessary to put the Social Security program in fiscal balance for the next 75 years. In other words, raising the payroll tax rate to about 14.4% during 2009 (from the current 12.4%) or cutting benefits by 13.3% would address the program's budgetary concerns indefinitely; these amounts increase to around 16% and 24% if no changes are made until 2037. Projections of Social Security's solvency are sensitive to assumptions about rates of economic growth and demographic changes.",4,null,"What is the proper tax increase to keep Social Security System around?","If we keep the cap, the ceiling, on taxable earnings where it is â€” $113,700 in 2013 â€” we need to raise the payroll tax rate from 12.4 percent to 16.4 percent immediately and permanently to make Social Security solvent, assuming we do nothing else.",4,null,"What tax increase will strengthen social security?","Political realities make major budgetary deals difficult to achieve. While Republicans argue conceptually for tax cuts for the wealthy and reductions in Medicare and Social Security, they are hesitant to actually vote to reduce the benefits from these popular programs. Democrats on the other hand argue conceptually for tax increases on the wealthy and a stronger social safety net. The so-called budgetary \"grand bargain\" of tax hikes on the rich and removal of some popular tax deductions in exchange for reductions to Medicare and Social Security is therefore elusive.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","The CBO projected in 2010 that an increase in payroll taxes ranging from 1.6%–2.1% of the payroll tax base, equivalent to 0.6%–0.8% of GDP, would be necessary to put the Social Security program in fiscal balance for the next 75 years. In other words, raising the payroll tax rate to about 14.4% during 2009 (from the current 12.4%) or cutting benefits by 13.3% would address the program's budgetary concerns indefinitely; these amounts increase to around 16% and 24% if no changes are made until 2037. The value of unfunded obligations under Social Security during FY 2009 was approximately $5.4 trillion. In other words, this amount would have to be set aside today such that the principal and interest would cover the shortfall over the next 75 years. Projections of Social Security's solvency are sensitive to assumptions about rates of economic growth and demographic changes.",4,null,184,true,"102_9_CAR_d988731a12fefd12a7253b189b2234942b1f790e","CAR_d988731a12fefd12a7253b189b2234942b1f790e","102_9_MARCO_1107164","MARCO_1107164","102_9_CAR_06b83544c98adf654ac04837bad9328064e67901","CAR_06b83544c98adf654ac04837bad9328064e67901",null,"How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","CAR_22f895f4e5ec232212f61ad953e022e274c52a6a","102_9_CAR_22f895f4e5ec232212f61ad953e022e274c52a6a","The CBO projected in 2010 that an increase in payroll taxes ranging from 1.6%–2.1% of the payroll tax base, equivalent to 0.6%–0.8% of GDP, would be necessary to put the Social Security program in fiscal balance for the next 75 years. In other words, raising the payroll tax rate to about 14.4% during 2009 (from the current 12.4%) or cutting benefits by 13.3% would address the program's budgetary concerns indefinitely; these amounts increase to around 16% and 24% if no changes are made until 2037. The value of unfunded obligations under Social Security during FY 2009 was approximately $5.4 trillion. In other words, this amount would have to be set aside today such that the principal and interest would cover the shortfall over the next 75 years. Projections of Social Security's solvency are sensitive to assumptions about rates of economic growth and demographic changes.",4]
["How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","102_9","How much would the tax increase to fix the social security system?","The CBO projected in 2010 that an increase in payroll taxes ranging from 1.6%–2.1% of the payroll tax base, equivalent to 0.6%–0.8% of GDP, would be necessary to put the Social Security program in fiscal balance for the next 75 years. In other words, raising the payroll tax rate to about 14.4% during 2009 (from the current 12.4%) or cutting benefits by 13.3% would address the program's budgetary concerns indefinitely; these amounts increase to around 16% and 24% if no changes are made until 2037. The value of unfunded obligations under Social Security during FY 2009 was approximately $5.4 trillion. In other words, this amount would have to be set aside today such that the principal and interest would cover the shortfall over the next 75 years. Projections of Social Security's solvency are sensitive to assumptions about rates of economic growth and demographic changes.",4,null,"What is the proper tax increase to keep Social Security System around?","About 8 in 10 (77%) say it is critical to preserve Social Security even if it means increasing the Social Security taxes paid by working Americans. An even higher percentage (83%) say it is critical to preserve Social Security even if it means increasing the Social Security taxes paid by wealthy Americans.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What tax increase will strengthen social security?","In March 2013, Senator Tom Harkin introduced S. 567: Strengthening Social Security Act of 2013. Supporters of the bill state that \"By making millionaires and billionaires pay the same rate of Social Security taxes as the rest of us, and by changing the method by which Social Security benefits are calculated, Sen. Harkin's bill would expand Social Security benefits by an average of $800 per recipient per year while also keeping the program solvent\" for \"generations\". Supporters include the Alliance for Retired Americans The letter of support by the Alliance, a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization of  4 million, states that S. 567 \"recognizes the true importance of this great American program and proposes measures that would both enhance benefits for current beneficiaries and strengthen the long-term solvency of Social Security for all Americans\".",2,null,"How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","The CBO projected in 2010 that an increase in payroll taxes ranging from 1.6–2.1% of the payroll tax base, equivalent to 0.6%-0.8% of GDP, would be necessary to put the Social Security program in fiscal balance for the next 75 years. In other words, raising the payroll tax rate to about 14.4% during 2009 (from the current 12.4%) or cutting benefits by 13.3% would address the program's budgetary concerns indefinitely; these amounts increase to around 16% and 24% if no changes are made until 2037. Projections of Social Security's solvency are sensitive to assumptions about rates of economic growth and demographic changes.",4,null,184,true,"102_9_CAR_22f895f4e5ec232212f61ad953e022e274c52a6a","CAR_22f895f4e5ec232212f61ad953e022e274c52a6a","102_9_MARCO_4805615","MARCO_4805615","102_9_CAR_8fd9899a2c23a4482fe97dedc251678f9e374252","CAR_8fd9899a2c23a4482fe97dedc251678f9e374252",null,"How much of a tax increase will keep social security solvent?","CAR_d988731a12fefd12a7253b189b2234942b1f790e","102_9_CAR_d988731a12fefd12a7253b189b2234942b1f790e","The CBO projected in 2010 that an increase in payroll taxes ranging from 1.6–2.1% of the payroll tax base, equivalent to 0.6%-0.8% of GDP, would be necessary to put the Social Security program in fiscal balance for the next 75 years. In other words, raising the payroll tax rate to about 14.4% during 2009 (from the current 12.4%) or cutting benefits by 13.3% would address the program's budgetary concerns indefinitely; these amounts increase to around 16% and 24% if no changes are made until 2037. Projections of Social Security's solvency are sensitive to assumptions about rates of economic growth and demographic changes.",4]
["Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","103_1","Are the Grateful Dead an important American live band?","The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California. Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, rock, improvisational jazz, psychedelia, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\". \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\" These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\". The band was ranked 57th by Rolling Stone magazine in its The Greatest Artists of all Time issue. The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and their Barton Hall Concert at Cornell University (May 8, 1977) was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress. The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.",4,null,"What makes The Grateful Dead such an impactful live band?","Their live shows, fed by their improvisational approach to music, made the Grateful Dead different from most other touring bands.  While most rock and roll bands rehearse a standard show for their tours that is replayed night after night, city after city, the Grateful Dead never did. As Garcia stated in a 1966 interview, \"We don't make up our sets beforehand. We'd rather work off the tops of our heads than off a piece of paper.\" They maintained this operating ethic throughout their existence.  For each performance, the band drew material from an active list of a hundred or so songs.",0,null,"What are some reasons that made The Grateful Dead so popular?","When the Grateful Dead released In the Dark in 1987, the band’s popularity grew exponentially with the help of radio airplay and \"Touch of Grey\" becoming the group's first song to chart. It played sold-out stadiums. The media became more involved with the Grateful Dead scene as did the police and the government's Drug Enforcement Administration. Deadheads were targeted for drug use and gained something of a negative reputation. Relix recognized the profiling and tried to educate Deadheads about how to avoid the police and what to bring (and not bring) with you to shows.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California. Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, rock, improvisational jazz, psychedelia, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\". \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\" These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\". The band was ranked 57th by Rolling Stone magazine in its The Greatest Artists of all Time issue. The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and their Barton Hall Concert at Cornell University (May 8, 1977) was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress. The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.",4,null,185,false,"103_1_CAR_2111b3a29bcf78c6fff182414e3c0acd6560d58d","CAR_2111b3a29bcf78c6fff182414e3c0acd6560d58d","103_1_CAR_6960a77231cb6161f306c8b206acc32fe2da22fa","CAR_6960a77231cb6161f306c8b206acc32fe2da22fa","103_1_CAR_4c551a24c31162e8e57760d516be5f9f74e6e974","CAR_4c551a24c31162e8e57760d516be5f9f74e6e974",null,"Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","CAR_2111b3a29bcf78c6fff182414e3c0acd6560d58d","103_1_CAR_2111b3a29bcf78c6fff182414e3c0acd6560d58d","The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California. Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, rock, improvisational jazz, psychedelia, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\". \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\" These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\". The band was ranked 57th by Rolling Stone magazine in its The Greatest Artists of all Time issue. The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and their Barton Hall Concert at Cornell University (May 8, 1977) was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress. The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.",4]
["Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","103_1","Are the Grateful Dead an important American live band?","The five performances were warmly received and President Obama acknowledged the band in a special message that appeared in the official program for the event on July 3, 2015. In the program, President Obama wrote  \"Here's to fifty years of the Grateful Dead, an iconic American band that embodies the creativity, passion, and ability to bring people together that makes American music so great. Enjoy this weekend's celebration of your fans and legacy. And as Jerry would say, 'Let there be songs to fill the air.'\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"What makes The Grateful Dead such an impactful live band?","Their live shows, fed by their improvisational approach to music, made the Grateful Dead different from most other touring bands. While most rock and roll bands rehearse a standard show for their tours that is replayed night after night, city after city, the Grateful Dead never did.",0,null,"What are some reasons that made The Grateful Dead so popular?","The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California. Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, rock, improvisational jazz, psychedelia, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\". \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\" These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\". The band was ranked 57th by Rolling Stone magazine in its The Greatest Artists of all Time issue. The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and their Barton Hall Concert at Cornell University (May 8, 1977) was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress. The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.",4,null,"Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","Their live shows, fed by their improvisational approach to music, made the Grateful Dead different from most other touring bands. While most rock and roll bands rehearse a standard show for their tours that is replayed night after night, city after city, the Grateful Dead never did.",0,null,185,false,"103_1_CAR_5d90521da89b04966169c9ad85c38ee3a6bd964f","CAR_5d90521da89b04966169c9ad85c38ee3a6bd964f","103_1_MARCO_2859123","MARCO_2859123","103_1_CAR_2111b3a29bcf78c6fff182414e3c0acd6560d58d","CAR_2111b3a29bcf78c6fff182414e3c0acd6560d58d",null,"Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","MARCO_2859123","103_1_MARCO_2859123","Their live shows, fed by their improvisational approach to music, made the Grateful Dead different from most other touring bands. While most rock and roll bands rehearse a standard show for their tours that is replayed night after night, city after city, the Grateful Dead never did.",0]
["Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","103_1","Are the Grateful Dead an important American live band?","The Grateful Dead were an American rock band known for their extensive touring and constantly varying set lists, including many cover songs from various musical genres.",0,null,"What makes The Grateful Dead such an impactful live band?","There is nothing like a Grateful Dead concert was a saying popular among Deadheads, as the loyal fans of the band are known.  During their performances, the Dead valued musical improvisation, jamming extensively, and they changed their set lists nightly.  As a result, their music was best appreciated at live concerts.  But beyond that, Dead shows generally had a positive, happy atmosphere, as the band and the audience interacted with each other to create a special environment of musical celebration.  Capturing this phenomenon on film is the admittedly paradoxical goal of The Grateful Dead Movie.",0,null,"What are some reasons that made The Grateful Dead so popular?","The popularity of the single and its video helped introduce the Grateful Dead to a new group of fans, resulting in the band gaining additional mainstream attention.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","The band that set the template for future Jam bands was the Grateful Dead, founded in 1965 by legendary San Francisco-based guitarist Jerry Garcia. Although their studio albums enjoyed only modest success, and they were never an AM-radio favorite, \"The Dead\" attracted an enormous cult following, mainly on the strength of their live performances (and live albums). Drawing inspiration from Eric Clapton's short-lived (but influential) supergroup Cream, the band specialized, in concert, in improvisational jamming. They played long two-set shows, and gave their fans a different experience every night, with varying setlists, evolving songs, creative segues and extended instrumentals. Their loyal fans (\"Deadheads\") followed them on tour from city to city, and a hippie subculture developed around the band, complete with psychedelic clothes, a black market in concert-related products, and drug paraphernalia. The band toured regularly for nearly three decades, except for a hiatus from 1974-1976. The eventual heirs to this \"Shakedown Street\" fan culture, Phish, formed in 1983 at the University of Vermont in Burlington. They solidified their lineup in 1985, and began their career with a few Grateful Dead songs in their repertoire.",3,null,185,false,"103_1_CAR_6df0d3fbdf4094527077840065975718942999fd","CAR_6df0d3fbdf4094527077840065975718942999fd","103_1_CAR_7e14c2980c4a4ba6dc15edf6fe13bc900a845ff8","CAR_7e14c2980c4a4ba6dc15edf6fe13bc900a845ff8","103_1_CAR_0667c8b3acde915f60bdda090c8d6145e29358d4","CAR_0667c8b3acde915f60bdda090c8d6145e29358d4",null,"Why were the Grateful Dead such an influential live band?","CAR_7b8491230ffef9f38b31faa97e8302640b066510","103_1_CAR_7b8491230ffef9f38b31faa97e8302640b066510","The band that set the template for future Jam bands was the Grateful Dead, founded in 1965 by legendary San Francisco-based guitarist Jerry Garcia. Although their studio albums enjoyed only modest success, and they were never an AM-radio favorite, \"The Dead\" attracted an enormous cult following, mainly on the strength of their live performances (and live albums). Drawing inspiration from Eric Clapton's short-lived (but influential) supergroup Cream, the band specialized, in concert, in improvisational jamming. They played long two-set shows, and gave their fans a different experience every night, with varying setlists, evolving songs, creative segues and extended instrumentals. Their loyal fans (\"Deadheads\") followed them on tour from city to city, and a hippie subculture developed around the band, complete with psychedelic clothes, a black market in concert-related products, and drug paraphernalia. The band toured regularly for nearly three decades, except for a hiatus from 1974-1976. The eventual heirs to this \"Shakedown Street\" fan culture, Phish, formed in 1983 at the University of Vermont in Burlington. They solidified their lineup in 1985, and began their career with a few Grateful Dead songs in their repertoire.",3]
["Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","103_2","Why did The Grateful Dead make live tapes available?","Throughout their career, the Grateful Dead were known to tolerate taping of the live shows. There was a demand from fans to hear the improvisations that resulted from each show, and the concept of taping shows appealed to the band's general community ethos. They were unique among bands in that their live shows tended not to be pressed and packaged as LPs, but remained in tape form to be shared between tapers. The group were strongly opposed to commercial bootlegging and policed stores that sold them, while the saturation of tapes among fans suppressed any demand for product. In 1985, the Dead, after years of tolerance, officially endorsed live taping of their shows, and set up dedicated areas that they believed gave the best sound recording quality. Other bands, including Pearl Jam, Phish and the Dave Matthews Band tolerate taping in a similar manner to the Dead, provided no profit is involved. Because of the questionable legality of bootlegs, fans have sometimes simply dubbed a bootleg onto tape and freely passed it onto others.",4,null,"What was the reason behind allowing the release of the Grateful Dead's Live albums?","Unconventionally, the Grateful Dead made the release of live albums a common occurrence throughout their career. Because many were recently recorded and included previously unreleased original material, they often filled the role of traditional studio albums. An integral part of the contemporaneous evolution of the band, such live albums are included in this section.",0,null,"Why did the Grateful Dead allow fans to tape their live songs?","Throughout their career, the Grateful Dead were known to tolerate taping of the live shows. There was a demand from fans to hear the improvisations that resulted from each show, and the concept of taping shows appealed to the band's general community ethos. They were unique among bands in that their live shows tended not to be pressed and packaged as LPs, but remained in tape form to be shared between tapers. The group were strongly opposed to commercial bootlegging and policed stores that sold them, while the saturation of tapes among fans suppressed any demand for product. In 1985, the Dead, after years of tolerance, officially endorsed live taping of their shows, and set up dedicated areas that they believed gave the best sound recording quality. Other bands, including Pearl Jam, Phish and the Dave Matthews Band tolerate taping in a similar manner to the Dead, provided no profit is involved. Because of the questionable legality of bootlegs, fans have sometimes simply dubbed a bootleg onto tape and freely passed it onto others.",4,null,"Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","Throughout their career, the Grateful Dead were known to tolerate taping of the live shows. There was a demand from fans to hear the improvisations that resulted from each show, and the concept of taping shows appealed to the band's general community ethos. They were unique among bands in that their live shows tended not to be pressed and packaged as LPs, but remained in tape form to be shared between tapers. The group were strongly opposed to commercial bootlegging and policed stores that sold them, while the saturation of tapes among fans suppressed any demand for product. In 1985, the Dead, after years of tolerance, officially endorsed live taping of their shows, and set up dedicated areas that they believed gave the best sound recording quality. Other bands, including Pearl Jam, Phish and the Dave Matthews Band tolerate taping in a similar manner to the Dead, provided no profit is involved. Because of the questionable legality of bootlegs, fans have sometimes simply dubbed a bootleg onto tape and freely passed it onto others.",4,null,186,true,"103_2_CAR_279de62518ad1b76dcbe9de8a896793cb8110bd0","CAR_279de62518ad1b76dcbe9de8a896793cb8110bd0","103_2_CAR_d76f88959f39d5e39a0b50e52d1ea5991ba580a3","CAR_d76f88959f39d5e39a0b50e52d1ea5991ba580a3","103_2_CAR_279de62518ad1b76dcbe9de8a896793cb8110bd0","CAR_279de62518ad1b76dcbe9de8a896793cb8110bd0",null,"Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","CAR_279de62518ad1b76dcbe9de8a896793cb8110bd0","103_2_CAR_279de62518ad1b76dcbe9de8a896793cb8110bd0","Throughout their career, the Grateful Dead were known to tolerate taping of the live shows. There was a demand from fans to hear the improvisations that resulted from each show, and the concept of taping shows appealed to the band's general community ethos. They were unique among bands in that their live shows tended not to be pressed and packaged as LPs, but remained in tape form to be shared between tapers. The group were strongly opposed to commercial bootlegging and policed stores that sold them, while the saturation of tapes among fans suppressed any demand for product. In 1985, the Dead, after years of tolerance, officially endorsed live taping of their shows, and set up dedicated areas that they believed gave the best sound recording quality. Other bands, including Pearl Jam, Phish and the Dave Matthews Band tolerate taping in a similar manner to the Dead, provided no profit is involved. Because of the questionable legality of bootlegs, fans have sometimes simply dubbed a bootleg onto tape and freely passed it onto others.",4]
["Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","103_2","Why did The Grateful Dead make live tapes available?","At almost every Grateful Dead show, it was common to see fans openly recording the music for later enjoyment. This can be traced to shows in the late 1960s, with the number of tapers increasing yearly.  In 1971, Les Kippel, from Brooklyn, NY, started the First Free Underground Grateful Dead Tape Exchange.  The purpose of \"The First Free Underground Grateful Dead Tape Exchange\" was to preserve the heritage of the Grateful Dead's concert history by exchanging copies of recorded tapes made from audience members.  This started a new era in recording, collecting, and trading Grateful Dead tapes.  Often referred to as the \"Original Napster\", the tape exchange grew into an international movement that continues today.",1,null,"What was the reason behind allowing the release of the Grateful Dead's Live albums?","While they were together, from 1965 to 1995, the Grateful Dead released thirteen studio albums and nine contemporary live albums.  The nine live albums were recently recorded and mostly contained previously unreleased original material.  They filled the role of traditional studio albums, and were an integral part of the contemporaneous evolution of the band.  (The Dead's second album, Anthem of the Sun, was an experimental amalgam of studio and live material.)",0,null,"Why did the Grateful Dead allow fans to tape their live songs?","Starting in 1984, the band recognized the fact that people were already \"unofficially\" taping their shows, so they started to sell taper tickets for a taper's section which allowed the tapers to bring their own microphones and tape decks to record with, as well as wrangle the tapers into one area of the venue so to keep them from interfering with other concertgoers.  This type of encouragement has spread to nearly all of the jam bands. Some jam band enthusiasts argue that if a band does not allow fans to tape their live shows, this band is not actually a jam band in the Grateful Dead tradition.",2,null,"Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","Unconventionally, the Grateful Dead made the release of live albums a common occurrence throughout their career. Because many were recently recorded and included previously unreleased original material, they often filled the role of traditional studio albums. An integral part of the contemporaneous evolution of the band, such live albums are included in this section.",0,null,186,true,"103_2_CAR_a1d63e37cf3d60ec769b96d53ec965b1ae9e8f33","CAR_a1d63e37cf3d60ec769b96d53ec965b1ae9e8f33","103_2_CAR_21fd412dfbe303fcbe0f1a6a545246311330ac92","CAR_21fd412dfbe303fcbe0f1a6a545246311330ac92","103_2_CAR_0f266a4419b32e90a497b53df70993e952d7b973","CAR_0f266a4419b32e90a497b53df70993e952d7b973",null,"Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","CAR_d76f88959f39d5e39a0b50e52d1ea5991ba580a3","103_2_CAR_d76f88959f39d5e39a0b50e52d1ea5991ba580a3","Unconventionally, the Grateful Dead made the release of live albums a common occurrence throughout their career. Because many were recently recorded and included previously unreleased original material, they often filled the role of traditional studio albums. An integral part of the contemporaneous evolution of the band, such live albums are included in this section.",0]
["Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","103_2","Why did The Grateful Dead make live tapes available?","Unconventionally, the Grateful Dead made the release of live albums a common occurrence throughout their career. Because many were recently recorded and included previously unreleased original material, they often filled the role of traditional studio albums. An integral part of the contemporaneous evolution of the band, such live albums are included in this section.",0,null,"What was the reason behind allowing the release of the Grateful Dead's Live albums?","The Grateful Dead's albums had frustrated critics and fans alike for neither approaching nor accurately representing the band's live concert sound and experience - to the point that band-approved, fan-made tapes were preferred to official releases. The band's organization had poured profits into sound reinforcement and cutting-edge technology for their concert performances and were likewise frustrated by the seeming shortfall in capturing their sound on album.",1,null,"Why did the Grateful Dead allow fans to tape their live songs?","Jam bands often allow their fans to make tapes or recordings of their live shows, a practice which many other musical genres call \"illegal bootlegging\". The Grateful Dead encouraged this practice, which helped to create a thriving scene around the collecting and trading of recordings of Grateful Dead live performances. Most of the live shows on the Grateful Dead's 30 years of touring were recorded. It was probably the trading of recordings of Grateful Dead shows which built the band's fan base.",4,null,"Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","Jam bands often allow their fans to make tapes or recordings of their live shows, a practice which many other musical genres call \"illegal bootlegging\". The Grateful Dead encouraged this practice, which helped to create a thriving scene around the collecting and trading of recordings of Grateful Dead live performances. Most of the live shows on the Grateful Dead's 30 years of touring were recorded. It was probably the trading of recordings of Grateful Dead shows which built the band's fan base.",4,null,186,true,"103_2_CAR_d76f88959f39d5e39a0b50e52d1ea5991ba580a3","CAR_d76f88959f39d5e39a0b50e52d1ea5991ba580a3","103_2_CAR_a448365aca3c6b4e13c3eacd17bb20dabdd1247a","CAR_a448365aca3c6b4e13c3eacd17bb20dabdd1247a","103_2_CAR_40ed0a06883b7317b8a247fb412859d2983321bd","CAR_40ed0a06883b7317b8a247fb412859d2983321bd",null,"Why did the Grateful Dead allow live recordings?","CAR_40ed0a06883b7317b8a247fb412859d2983321bd","103_2_CAR_40ed0a06883b7317b8a247fb412859d2983321bd","Jam bands often allow their fans to make tapes or recordings of their live shows, a practice which many other musical genres call \"illegal bootlegging\". The Grateful Dead encouraged this practice, which helped to create a thriving scene around the collecting and trading of recordings of Grateful Dead live performances. Most of the live shows on the Grateful Dead's 30 years of touring were recorded. It was probably the trading of recordings of Grateful Dead shows which built the band's fan base.",4]
["Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","103_3","Do the Grateful Dead have any chart-topping hits?","The \"Touch of Grey\" video received significant amounts of airplay on MTV and other music video stations.  Partly as a result of this, the song went on to become the Grateful Dead's only top ten hit.  Within a short time, the band had achieved a greater degree of popular, commercial success than in their previous 22 years in the music industry.",4,null,"Did the Grateful Dead have any number one hit songs?","The \"Touch of Grey\" video received significant amounts of airplay on MTV and other music video stations.  Partly as a result of this, the song went on to become the Grateful Dead's only top ten hit.  Within a short time, the band had achieved a greater degree of popular, commercial success than in their previous 22 years in the music industry.",4,null,"How many Number one singles did the Grateful Dead have?","Road Trips Volume 4 Number 1 is a live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead.  The 13th of the Road Trips series of archival releases, it contains two complete performances by the band, recorded on May 23 and 24, 1969.  It was released as a three-disc CD on November 16, 2010.",0,null,"Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","The \"Touch of Grey\" video received significant amounts of airplay on MTV and other music video stations.  Partly as a result of this, the song went on to become the Grateful Dead's only top ten hit.  Within a short time, the band had achieved a greater degree of popular, commercial success than in their previous 22 years in the music industry.",4,null,187,false,"103_3_CAR_0687c0f042a467973cd0607a9036a2ea0249717f","CAR_0687c0f042a467973cd0607a9036a2ea0249717f","103_3_CAR_0687c0f042a467973cd0607a9036a2ea0249717f","CAR_0687c0f042a467973cd0607a9036a2ea0249717f","103_3_CAR_1a9f97e6a355d9c2cb67fe126c90449d17b454ac","CAR_1a9f97e6a355d9c2cb67fe126c90449d17b454ac",null,"Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","CAR_0687c0f042a467973cd0607a9036a2ea0249717f","103_3_CAR_0687c0f042a467973cd0607a9036a2ea0249717f","The \"Touch of Grey\" video received significant amounts of airplay on MTV and other music video stations.  Partly as a result of this, the song went on to become the Grateful Dead's only top ten hit.  Within a short time, the band had achieved a greater degree of popular, commercial success than in their previous 22 years in the music industry.",4]
["Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","103_3","Do the Grateful Dead have any chart-topping hits?","In the Dark was the band's first album in six years, and its first studio album since 1980's Go to Heaven.  It became unexpectedly popular, achieving double platinum certification in the U.S.  It reached #6 on the Billboard 200 chart, the Grateful Dead's only top ten album. The peppy \"Touch of Grey\" peaked at #9 on the Billboard Hot 100, the band's only top forty single; it also became a frequently played music video on MTV. \"Hell in a Bucket\" and \"Throwing Stones\" (for which videos were also made) also achieved significant album-oriented rock radio airplay.",4,null,"Did the Grateful Dead have any number one hit songs?","In 1954, Maddox was declared the Number One Jukebox Artist in America by the MOA (Music Operators of America). In January 1955, he recorded \"The Crazy Otto Medley,\" which was composed of Lou Busch's \"Ivory Rag,\" several German folk songs, and Irving Berlin's \"Play a Simple Melody.\" The medley was originally recorded on the Polydor label by German pianist Fritz Schulz-Reichel under the pseudonym \"Otto der Schräge.\" Disc jockey Bill Randle of WERE in Cleveland, Ohio, suggested to Randy Wood that Maddox cover the record and use \"The Crazy Otto Medley\" as the title. Maddox's record was number one on Billboard charts for fourteen weeks and became the first million-selling all-piano record, eventually selling more than two million copies. Schulz-Reichel then came to the United States and recorded for Decca under the name \"Crazy Otto.\" The reference to \"Crazy Otto\" in the Grateful Dead song \"Ramble on Rose\" is clearly a reference to Maddox's hit record.",0,null,"How many Number one singles did the Grateful Dead have?","Another Grateful Dead album that was recorded at the December 1979 run of concerts at the Oakland Auditorium is Road Trips Volume 3 Number 1.",0,null,"Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","Road Trips Volume 4 Number 1 is a live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead.  The 13th of the Road Trips series of archival releases, it contains two complete performances by the band, recorded on May 23 and 24, 1969.  It was released as a three-disc CD on November 16, 2010.",0,null,187,false,"103_3_CAR_e2b316d2ab0ac13098cd5b095b264139864e9bc2","CAR_e2b316d2ab0ac13098cd5b095b264139864e9bc2","103_3_CAR_dd77c02a9ae5ccb30955fb5ed72bae273c81ae1a","CAR_dd77c02a9ae5ccb30955fb5ed72bae273c81ae1a","103_3_CAR_b6ea3ed7a550a3affdccb19983a6a55930325d0e","CAR_b6ea3ed7a550a3affdccb19983a6a55930325d0e",null,"Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","CAR_1a9f97e6a355d9c2cb67fe126c90449d17b454ac","103_3_CAR_1a9f97e6a355d9c2cb67fe126c90449d17b454ac","Road Trips Volume 4 Number 1 is a live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead.  The 13th of the Road Trips series of archival releases, it contains two complete performances by the band, recorded on May 23 and 24, 1969.  It was released as a three-disc CD on November 16, 2010.",0]
["Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","103_3","Do the Grateful Dead have any chart-topping hits?","While the single was the group's first chart hit (peaking at No. 69 on the Billboard Hot 100), it had a greater impact than its chart performance indicates, receiving airplay on progressive rock radio stations and others with looser playlists. At a time when the Grateful Dead were already an underground legend, \"Uncle John's Band\" (and to some degree its albummate \"Casey Jones\") was the first time many in the general rock audience actually heard the band's music.",1,null,"Did the Grateful Dead have any number one hit songs?","In 1966 The Rascals covered The Olympics 1965 song, \"Good Lovin'\", and took it to #1 on the US Hot 100. Since then, many recorded versions have been made by prominent artists, including The Who, The Grateful Dead, and Bobby McFerrin.",0,null,"How many Number one singles did the Grateful Dead have?","The Grateful Dead played 16 times from 1983 through 1989, and recorded Road Trips Volume 4 Number 2, on March 31–April 1, 1988 and Nightfall of Diamonds, on October 16, 1989.",0,null,"Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","While the single was the group's first chart hit (peaking at No. 69 on the Billboard Hot 100), it had a greater impact than its chart performance indicates, receiving airplay on progressive rock radio stations and others with looser playlists. At a time when the Grateful Dead were already an underground legend, \"Uncle John's Band\" (and to some degree its albummate \"Casey Jones\") was the first time many in the general rock audience actually heard the band's music.",1,null,187,false,"103_3_CAR_1de08c86a1bc9807998296f28fff78ff812a8430","CAR_1de08c86a1bc9807998296f28fff78ff812a8430","103_3_CAR_45f06d783b9e726334c9b645cfdbb5066c166294","CAR_45f06d783b9e726334c9b645cfdbb5066c166294","103_3_CAR_79acbb2b98095a03da96df205c4d10604264e314","CAR_79acbb2b98095a03da96df205c4d10604264e314",null,"Did the Grateful Dead have a number one hit?","CAR_1de08c86a1bc9807998296f28fff78ff812a8430","103_3_CAR_1de08c86a1bc9807998296f28fff78ff812a8430","While the single was the group's first chart hit (peaking at No. 69 on the Billboard Hot 100), it had a greater impact than its chart performance indicates, receiving airplay on progressive rock radio stations and others with looser playlists. At a time when the Grateful Dead were already an underground legend, \"Uncle John's Band\" (and to some degree its albummate \"Casey Jones\") was the first time many in the general rock audience actually heard the band's music.",1]
["Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","103_4","Who is the lead of the Grateful Dead?","This album would have had the most variety of lead singers for songs of any of the Grateful Dead's studio albums. There were four singers: Jerry Garcia, Bob Weir, Phil Lesh and Vince Welnick.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Who was the lead in the Grateful Dead?","This album would have had the most variety of lead singers for songs of any of the Grateful Dead's studio albums. There were four singers: Jerry Garcia, Bob Weir, Phil Lesh and Vince Welnick.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Who is the Grateful Dead band leader?","Lead guitarist Jerry Garcia was often viewed both by the public and the media as the leader or primary spokesperson for the Grateful Dead, but was reluctant to be perceived that way, especially since he and the other group members saw themselves as equal participants and contributors to their collective musical and creative output. Garcia, a native of San Francisco, grew up in the Excelsior District. One of his main influences was bluegrass music, and he also performed—on banjo, one of his other great instrumental loves, along with the pedal steel guitar—in bluegrass bands, notably Old and in the Way with mandolinist David Grisman.",4,null,"Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","Lead guitarist Jerry Garcia was often viewed both by the public and the media as the leader or primary spokesperson for the Grateful Dead, but was reluctant to be perceived that way, especially since he and the other group members saw themselves as equal participants and contributors to their collective musical and creative output. Garcia, a native of San Francisco, grew up in the Excelsior District. One of his main influences was bluegrass music, and he also performed—on banjo, one of his other great instrumental loves, along with the pedal steel guitar—in bluegrass bands, notably Old and in the Way with mandolinist David Grisman.",4,null,188,true,"103_4_CAR_7330d47b9d247f332e833d48d48564a00cc0a893","CAR_7330d47b9d247f332e833d48d48564a00cc0a893","103_4_CAR_7330d47b9d247f332e833d48d48564a00cc0a893","CAR_7330d47b9d247f332e833d48d48564a00cc0a893","103_4_CAR_e003c402be72f129ff2289f3454c54795fea60c7","CAR_e003c402be72f129ff2289f3454c54795fea60c7",null,"Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","CAR_e003c402be72f129ff2289f3454c54795fea60c7","103_4_CAR_e003c402be72f129ff2289f3454c54795fea60c7","Lead guitarist Jerry Garcia was often viewed both by the public and the media as the leader or primary spokesperson for the Grateful Dead, but was reluctant to be perceived that way, especially since he and the other group members saw themselves as equal participants and contributors to their collective musical and creative output. Garcia, a native of San Francisco, grew up in the Excelsior District. One of his main influences was bluegrass music, and he also performed—on banjo, one of his other great instrumental loves, along with the pedal steel guitar—in bluegrass bands, notably Old and in the Way with mandolinist David Grisman.",4]
["Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","103_4","Who is the lead of the Grateful Dead?","Postcards of the Hanging is a compilation album by the Grateful Dead. It consists entirely of Bob Dylan covers, performed live in concert, along with a rehearsal performance of \"Man of Peace\" featuring the Grateful Dead backing Dylan himself.  Bob Weir sings lead on six tracks, Jerry Garcia on two, and Brent Mydland on two.  Another Dylan covers collection, Garcia Plays Dylan, includes performances by the Grateful Dead, but mostly by the Jerry Garcia Band and other Garcia side projects.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Who was the lead in the Grateful Dead?","Postcards of the Hanging is a compilation album by the Grateful Dead. It consists entirely of Bob Dylan covers, performed live in concert, along with a rehearsal performance of \"Man of Peace\" featuring the Grateful Dead backing Dylan himself.  Bob Weir sings lead on six tracks, Jerry Garcia on two, and Brent Mydland on two.  Another Dylan covers collection, Garcia Plays Dylan, includes performances by the Grateful Dead, but mostly by the Jerry Garcia Band and other Garcia side projects.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Who is the Grateful Dead band leader?","Jerome John \"Jerry\" Garcia (August 1, 1942 – August 9, 1995) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist best known for  his work with the band the Grateful Dead, which came to prominence during the counterculture era in the 1960s. Though he disavowed the role, Garcia was viewed by many as the leader or \"spokesman\" of the group.",4,null,"Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","This story was written by Bill Bell.) Grateful Dead leader Jerry Garcia, a rock â€˜nâ€™ roll guru whose counter-culture appeal crossed generations and outlasted fads, died yesterday at a drug and alcohol treatment center near San Francisco, where the band began 30 years ago.",4,null,188,true,"103_4_CAR_9250b5e4ff69887a48d0635487050daf08d9b99f","CAR_9250b5e4ff69887a48d0635487050daf08d9b99f","103_4_CAR_9250b5e4ff69887a48d0635487050daf08d9b99f","CAR_9250b5e4ff69887a48d0635487050daf08d9b99f","103_4_CAR_54cb622b4167a68625ba3830bacbb3e2608e99f0","CAR_54cb622b4167a68625ba3830bacbb3e2608e99f0",null,"Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","MARCO_4526258","103_4_MARCO_4526258","This story was written by Bill Bell.) Grateful Dead leader Jerry Garcia, a rock â€˜nâ€™ roll guru whose counter-culture appeal crossed generations and outlasted fads, died yesterday at a drug and alcohol treatment center near San Francisco, where the band began 30 years ago.",4]
["Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","103_4","Who is the lead of the Grateful Dead?","I am mainly interested in the Pigpen years, 1965-1973. Source(s): grateful dead songs bob weir sang lead on: https://trimurl.im/j59/does-anyone-know-what-grateful-dead-songs-bob-weir-sang-lead-on.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who was the lead in the Grateful Dead?","While in the Grateful Dead, McKernan sang and played blues-influenced organ and harmonica. He initially played a Vox Continental organ, but later switched to a Hammond. McKernan sang lead on several standards he wanted the Dead to cover, such as Otis Redding's \"Pain in My Heart\" and Wilson Pickett's \"In the Midnight Hour,\" with the latter serving as one of the band's main improvisatory vehicles from 1966 to 1968.  Unlike fellow vocalists Garcia and Weir, he sang lead without playing any instrument except harmonica and actively interacted with the audience, occasionally walking out into the crowd.  During the band's first year when they played straightforward blues, McKernan performed the majority of lead vocals, attracting an early audience that came specifically to see him sing and play harmonica. He took on early management duties in the band, ensuring they would be paid and promoted properly for gigs.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who is the Grateful Dead band leader?","This story was written by Bill Bell.) Grateful Dead leader Jerry Garcia, a rock â€˜nâ€™ roll guru whose counter-culture appeal crossed generations and outlasted fads, died yesterday at a drug and alcohol treatment center near San Francisco, where the band began 30 years ago.",4,null,"Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","(Originally published by the Daily News on August 10, 1995. Grateful Dead leader Jerry Garcia, a rock â€˜nâ€™ roll guru whose counter-culture appeal crossed generations and outlasted fads, died yesterday at a drug and alcohol treatment center near San Francisco, where the band began 30 years ago.",4,null,188,true,"103_4_MARCO_4783711","MARCO_4783711","103_4_CAR_40625f5efa333ce5b7163e04e459bb5a944956eb","CAR_40625f5efa333ce5b7163e04e459bb5a944956eb","103_4_MARCO_4526258","MARCO_4526258",null,"Who was the leader of the Grateful Dead?","MARCO_4526256","103_4_MARCO_4526256","(Originally published by the Daily News on August 10, 1995. Grateful Dead leader Jerry Garcia, a rock â€˜nâ€™ roll guru whose counter-culture appeal crossed generations and outlasted fads, died yesterday at a drug and alcohol treatment center near San Francisco, where the band began 30 years ago.",4]
["How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","103_5","How did Jerry Garcia cut his finger?","Garcia experienced several tragedies during his youth. At age four, while the family was vacationing in the Santa Cruz Mountains, two-thirds of Garcia's right middle finger was accidentally cut off. Garcia and his brother Tiff were chopping wood. Jerry steadied a piece of wood with his finger, but Tiff miscalculated and the axe severed most of Jerry's middle finger. After his mother wrapped his hand in a towel, Garcia's father drove him over 30  miles to the nearest hospital. A few weeks later, Garcia — who had not looked at his finger since the accident — was surprised to discover most of it missing when the bandage he was wearing came off during a bath. Garcia later confided that he often used it to his advantage in his youth, showing it off to other children in his neighborhood.",4,null,"How did Jerry Garcia get his finger cut off?","Garcia experienced several tragedies during his youth. At age four, while the family was vacationing in the Santa Cruz Mountains, two-thirds of Garcia's right middle finger was accidentally cut off. Garcia and his brother Tiff were chopping wood. Jerry steadied a piece of wood with his finger, but Tiff miscalculated and the axe severed most of Jerry's middle finger. After his mother wrapped his hand in a towel, Garcia's father drove him over 30  miles to the nearest hospital. A few weeks later, Garcia — who had not looked at his finger since the accident — was surprised to discover most of it missing when the bandage he was wearing came off during a bath. Garcia later confided that he often used it to his advantage in his youth, showing it off to other children in his neighborhood.",4,null,"Why did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","Garcia experienced several tragedies during his youth. At age four, while the family was vacationing in the Santa Cruz Mountains, two-thirds of Garcia's right middle finger was accidentally cut off. Garcia and his brother Tiff were chopping wood. Jerry steadied a piece of wood with his finger, but Tiff miscalculated and the axe severed most of Jerry's middle finger. After his mother wrapped his hand in a towel, Garcia's father drove him over 30  miles to the nearest hospital. A few weeks later, Garcia — who had not looked at his finger since the accident — was surprised to discover most of it missing when the bandage he was wearing came off during a bath. Garcia later confided that he often used it to his advantage in his youth, showing it off to other children in his neighborhood.",4,null,"How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","Garcia experienced several tragedies during his youth. At age four, while the family was vacationing in the Santa Cruz Mountains, two-thirds of Garcia's right middle finger was accidentally cut off. Garcia and his brother Tiff were chopping wood. Jerry steadied a piece of wood with his finger, but Tiff miscalculated and the axe severed most of Jerry's middle finger. After his mother wrapped his hand in a towel, Garcia's father drove him over 30  miles to the nearest hospital. A few weeks later, Garcia — who had not looked at his finger since the accident — was surprised to discover most of it missing when the bandage he was wearing came off during a bath. Garcia later confided that he often used it to his advantage in his youth, showing it off to other children in his neighborhood.",4,null,189,false,"103_5_CAR_98f34d94d83e35653ab09de97f5cd02306b506d5","CAR_98f34d94d83e35653ab09de97f5cd02306b506d5","103_5_CAR_98f34d94d83e35653ab09de97f5cd02306b506d5","CAR_98f34d94d83e35653ab09de97f5cd02306b506d5","103_5_CAR_98f34d94d83e35653ab09de97f5cd02306b506d5","CAR_98f34d94d83e35653ab09de97f5cd02306b506d5",null,"How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","CAR_98f34d94d83e35653ab09de97f5cd02306b506d5","103_5_CAR_98f34d94d83e35653ab09de97f5cd02306b506d5","Garcia experienced several tragedies during his youth. At age four, while the family was vacationing in the Santa Cruz Mountains, two-thirds of Garcia's right middle finger was accidentally cut off. Garcia and his brother Tiff were chopping wood. Jerry steadied a piece of wood with his finger, but Tiff miscalculated and the axe severed most of Jerry's middle finger. After his mother wrapped his hand in a towel, Garcia's father drove him over 30  miles to the nearest hospital. A few weeks later, Garcia — who had not looked at his finger since the accident — was surprised to discover most of it missing when the bandage he was wearing came off during a bath. Garcia later confided that he often used it to his advantage in his youth, showing it off to other children in his neighborhood.",4]
["How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","103_5","How did Jerry Garcia cut his finger?","Jerry arises from under one of the keys. Tom plays tremolo on this key, knocking Jerry on the head, and then Jerry runs back and forth underneath. Tom smashes the mouse under the keys, plays the main theme of the rhapsody, and when Tom lifts his two fingers from playing a trill, the piano continues playing. He looks over the edge of the piano and spots Jerry playing the felts from inside. To quiet him, he whacks Jerry with a tuning tool. Jerry slams the piano lid onto Tom's fingers. Tom still plays, and then Jerry pops out on the far right of the piano to attempt to cut Tom's finger with a pair of scissors as he plays a note from the very highest minor third of the piano. After the sixth miss, Jerry pants from this effort, and then substitutes a mousetrap for the white keys just below it. Tom plays the keys on either side for a few seconds but eventually, Tom's finger gets caught in the trap.",0,null,"How did Jerry Garcia get his finger cut off?","Jerry and Elaine become nervous about the religious duties they must perform when they agree to become godparents to the newborn baby (although Jerry is fond of his role of being a godfather and imitates Marlon Brando's character from The Godfather), obligated to arrange the bris, which involves booking a mohel and holding the baby during the circumcision. At the bris, Elaine's unstable, shaky mohel (guest star Charles Levin) arrives. Kramer, disturbed by the concept of the bris, attempts to stop it. As the circumcision gets under way, the mohel cuts Jerry's finger; Jerry is accused of flinching, in which Jerry calls the mohel \"Butcher Boy\" in retaliation. The four go to the hospital, where Jerry's finger is stitched up. Kramer finds the \"pigman\" (whom he later discovers is actually \"just a fat little mental patient\") and \"liberates\" him from the hospital. The \"pigman\" steals George's car, which was again conveniently parked.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","Grateful Dead's Jerry Garcia and Black Sabbath's Tony Iommi, both of whom lost fingers in accidents, were inspired by Reinhardt's example of becoming an accomplished guitar player despite his injuries. Garcia was quoted in June 1985 in Frets Magazine:",2,null,"How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","Less than a year after he lost most of his finger, his father died. Vacationing with his family near Arcata in Northern California in 1947, Garcia's father went fly fishing in the Trinity River, part of the Six Rivers National Forest. Not long after entering the river, Garcia's father slipped on a rock, lost his balance and was swept away by the river's rapids. He drowned before other fishermen could reach him. Although Garcia claimed he saw his father fall into the river, Dennis McNally, author of the book A Long Strange Trip: The Inside Story of the Grateful Dead, argues Garcia formed the memory after hearing others repeat the story. Blair Jackson, who wrote Garcia: An American Life, lends weight to McNally's claim. Jackson's evidence: a local newspaper article describing Jose's death failed to mention Garcia was present when his father died.",1,null,189,false,"103_5_CAR_64f8143d1e44975f67cf505c7d7ab63deadf2c71","CAR_64f8143d1e44975f67cf505c7d7ab63deadf2c71","103_5_CAR_b2eaa495b87e044f123b0e6052085d782963f457","CAR_b2eaa495b87e044f123b0e6052085d782963f457","103_5_CAR_c453300d8b755da5c00d9c29d49282774253773d","CAR_c453300d8b755da5c00d9c29d49282774253773d",null,"How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","CAR_2056058ced07520cdb2f32990aa92642d79d8be0","103_5_CAR_2056058ced07520cdb2f32990aa92642d79d8be0","Less than a year after he lost most of his finger, his father died. Vacationing with his family near Arcata in Northern California in 1947, Garcia's father went fly fishing in the Trinity River, part of the Six Rivers National Forest. Not long after entering the river, Garcia's father slipped on a rock, lost his balance and was swept away by the river's rapids. He drowned before other fishermen could reach him. Although Garcia claimed he saw his father fall into the river, Dennis McNally, author of the book A Long Strange Trip: The Inside Story of the Grateful Dead, argues Garcia formed the memory after hearing others repeat the story. Blair Jackson, who wrote Garcia: An American Life, lends weight to McNally's claim. Jackson's evidence: a local newspaper article describing Jose's death failed to mention Garcia was present when his father died.",1]
["How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","103_5","How did Jerry Garcia cut his finger?","Jerry and Elaine become nervous about the religious duties they must perform when they agree to become godparents to the newborn baby (although Jerry is fond of his role of being a godfather and imitates Marlon Brando's character from The Godfather), obligated to arrange the bris, which involves booking a mohel and holding the baby during the circumcision. At the bris, Elaine's unstable, shaky mohel (guest star Charles Levin) arrives. Kramer, disturbed by the concept of the bris, attempts to stop it. As the circumcision gets under way, the mohel cuts Jerry's finger; Jerry is accused of flinching, in which Jerry calls the mohel \"Butcher Boy\" in retaliation. The four go to the hospital, where Jerry's finger is stitched up. Kramer finds the \"pigman\" (whom he later discovers is actually \"just a fat little mental patient\") and \"liberates\" him from the hospital. The \"pigman\" steals George's car, which was again conveniently parked.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How did Jerry Garcia get his finger cut off?","Jerry arises from under one of the keys. Tom plays tremolo on this key, knocking Jerry on the head, and then Jerry runs back and forth underneath. Tom smashes the mouse under the keys, plays the main theme of the rhapsody, and when Tom lifts his two fingers from playing a trill, the piano continues playing. He looks over the edge of the piano and spots Jerry playing the felts from inside. To quiet him, he whacks Jerry with a tuning tool. Jerry slams the piano lid onto Tom's fingers. Tom still plays, and then Jerry pops out on the far right of the piano to attempt to cut Tom's finger with a pair of scissors as he plays a note from the very highest minor third of the piano. After the sixth miss, Jerry pants from this effort, and then substitutes a mousetrap for the white keys just below it. Tom plays the keys on either side for a few seconds but eventually, Tom's finger gets caught in the trap.",0,null,"Why did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","Less than a year after he lost most of his finger, his father died. Vacationing with his family near Arcata in Northern California in 1947, Garcia's father went fly fishing in the Trinity River, part of the Six Rivers National Forest. Not long after entering the river, Garcia's father slipped on a rock, lost his balance and was swept away by the river's rapids. He drowned before other fishermen could reach him. Although Garcia claimed he saw his father fall into the river, Dennis McNally, author of the book A Long Strange Trip: The Inside Story of the Grateful Dead, argues Garcia formed the memory after hearing others repeat the story. Blair Jackson, who wrote Garcia: An American Life, lends weight to McNally's claim. Jackson's evidence: a local newspaper article describing Jose's death failed to mention Garcia was present when his father died.",1,null,"How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","Grateful Dead's Jerry Garcia and Black Sabbath's Tony Iommi, both of whom lost fingers in accidents, were inspired by Reinhardt's example of becoming an accomplished guitar player despite his injuries. Garcia was quoted in June 1985 in Frets Magazine:",2,null,189,false,"103_5_CAR_b2eaa495b87e044f123b0e6052085d782963f457","CAR_b2eaa495b87e044f123b0e6052085d782963f457","103_5_CAR_64f8143d1e44975f67cf505c7d7ab63deadf2c71","CAR_64f8143d1e44975f67cf505c7d7ab63deadf2c71","103_5_CAR_2056058ced07520cdb2f32990aa92642d79d8be0","CAR_2056058ced07520cdb2f32990aa92642d79d8be0",null,"How did Jerry Garcia lose his finger?","CAR_c453300d8b755da5c00d9c29d49282774253773d","103_5_CAR_c453300d8b755da5c00d9c29d49282774253773d","Grateful Dead's Jerry Garcia and Black Sabbath's Tony Iommi, both of whom lost fingers in accidents, were inspired by Reinhardt's example of becoming an accomplished guitar player despite his injuries. Garcia was quoted in June 1985 in Frets Magazine:",2]
["What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","103_6","Was Jerry Garcia linked with Jefferson's airplane?","Some controversy exists as to the role of Grateful Dead guitarist Jerry Garcia in the making of the album. His reputed presence on several tracks is denied by producer Rick Jarrard, but he is credited on the RCA label copy, as well as received credits on the Flight Log compilation and the Jefferson Airplane Loves You box set. In his sleeve notes for Early Flight  - the 1974 compilation album of previously unreleased material - the band's sometime manager Bill Thompson writes only that Garcia was, \"listed as 'spiritual advisor' on the album cover [and] played one of the guitars\", on \"In The Morning\", a track recorded at the Surrealistic Pillow sessions, but first included on the album on the 2003 reissue. Garcia himself recalled in a mid-1967 interview that he had played the high lead on \"Today\", played on \"Plastic Fantastic Lover\" and \"Comin' Back to Me\", and that he had arranged and essentially rewritten \"Somebody to Love\". He also played on two songs not released until the reissue (\"JPP McStep B Blues\"and \"In the Morning\") and may have played on \"How Do You Feel\". Kaukonen said that Garcia was essentially the producer who arranged the songs. A comment by Garcia about the music being \"as surrealistic as a pillow\" also reportedly inspired the album title.",3,null,"How was Jerry Garcia related to Jefferson Airplane?","All the members of the 1972-era Jefferson Airplane make an appearance on the album. However, on most of the tracks, Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead performs lead guitar and Chris Ethridge of the Flying Burrito Brothers performs bass.",2,null,"Was Jerry Garcia affiliated with Jefferson Airplane?","All the members of the 1972-era Jefferson Airplane make an appearance on the album. However, on most of the tracks, Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead performs lead guitar and Chris Ethridge of the Flying Burrito Brothers performs bass.",2,null,"What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","Garcia also spent a lot of time in the recording studio helping out fellow musician friends in session work, often adding guitar, vocals, pedal steel, sometimes banjo and piano and even producing. He played on over 50 studio albums the styles of which were eclectic and varied, including bluegrass, rock, folk, blues, country, jazz, electronic music, gospel, funk, and reggae. Artists who sought Garcia's help included the likes of Jefferson Airplane (most notably Surrealistic Pillow, Garcia being listed as their \"spiritual advisor\"). Garcia himself recalled in a mid-1967 interview that he'd played the high lead on \"Today,\" played on \"Plastic Fantastic Lover\" and \"Comin' Back to Me\" on that album. Others include Tom Fogerty, David Bromberg, Robert Hunter (Liberty, on Relix Records), Paul Pena, Peter Rowan, Warren Zevon, Country Joe McDonald, Pete Sears, Ken Nordine, Ornette Coleman, Bruce Hornsby, Bob Dylan, It's a Beautiful Day, and many more. In 1995 Garcia played on three tracks for the CD Blue Incantation by guitarist Sanjay Mishra, making it his last studio collaboration.",2,null,190,true,"103_6_CAR_9bf4c9e30b33d016648146b6b4e191fe4275bf3d","CAR_9bf4c9e30b33d016648146b6b4e191fe4275bf3d","103_6_CAR_a6a5046168c27e3dee37921a4acfd7e26e0fd84f","CAR_a6a5046168c27e3dee37921a4acfd7e26e0fd84f","103_6_CAR_a6a5046168c27e3dee37921a4acfd7e26e0fd84f","CAR_a6a5046168c27e3dee37921a4acfd7e26e0fd84f",null,"What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","CAR_2e89b7e7e77b0316ee6d6fb3ac01c6d2da61f328","103_6_CAR_2e89b7e7e77b0316ee6d6fb3ac01c6d2da61f328","Garcia also spent a lot of time in the recording studio helping out fellow musician friends in session work, often adding guitar, vocals, pedal steel, sometimes banjo and piano and even producing. He played on over 50 studio albums the styles of which were eclectic and varied, including bluegrass, rock, folk, blues, country, jazz, electronic music, gospel, funk, and reggae. Artists who sought Garcia's help included the likes of Jefferson Airplane (most notably Surrealistic Pillow, Garcia being listed as their \"spiritual advisor\"). Garcia himself recalled in a mid-1967 interview that he'd played the high lead on \"Today,\" played on \"Plastic Fantastic Lover\" and \"Comin' Back to Me\" on that album. Others include Tom Fogerty, David Bromberg, Robert Hunter (Liberty, on Relix Records), Paul Pena, Peter Rowan, Warren Zevon, Country Joe McDonald, Pete Sears, Ken Nordine, Ornette Coleman, Bruce Hornsby, Bob Dylan, It's a Beautiful Day, and many more. In 1995 Garcia played on three tracks for the CD Blue Incantation by guitarist Sanjay Mishra, making it his last studio collaboration.",2]
["What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","103_6","Was Jerry Garcia linked with Jefferson's airplane?","All the members of the 1972-era Jefferson Airplane make an appearance on the album. However, on most of the tracks, Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead performs lead guitar and Chris Ethridge of the Flying Burrito Brothers performs bass.",2,null,"How was Jerry Garcia related to Jefferson Airplane?","Garcia also spent a lot of time in the recording studio helping out fellow musician friends in session work, often adding guitar, vocals, pedal steel, sometimes banjo and piano and even producing. He played on over 50 studio albums the styles of which were eclectic and varied, including bluegrass, rock, folk, blues, country, jazz, electronic music, gospel, funk, and reggae. Artists who sought Garcia's help included the likes of Jefferson Airplane (most notably Surrealistic Pillow, Garcia being listed as their \"spiritual advisor\"). Garcia himself recalled in a mid-1967 interview that he'd played the high lead on \"Today,\" played on \"Plastic Fantastic Lover\" and \"Comin' Back to Me\" on that album. Others include Tom Fogerty, David Bromberg, Robert Hunter (Liberty, on Relix Records), Paul Pena, Peter Rowan, Warren Zevon, Country Joe McDonald, Pete Sears, Ken Nordine, Ornette Coleman, Bruce Hornsby, Bob Dylan, It's a Beautiful Day, and many more. In 1995 Garcia played on three tracks for the CD Blue Incantation by guitarist Sanjay Mishra, making it his last studio collaboration.",2,null,"Was Jerry Garcia affiliated with Jefferson Airplane?","Garcia also spent a lot of time in the recording studio helping out fellow musician friends in session work, often adding guitar, vocals, pedal steel, sometimes banjo and piano and even producing. He played on over 50 studio albums the styles of which were eclectic and varied, including bluegrass, rock, folk, blues, country, jazz, electronic music, gospel, funk, and reggae. Artists who sought Garcia's help included the likes of Jefferson Airplane (most notably Surrealistic Pillow, Garcia being listed as their \"spiritual advisor\"). Garcia himself recalled in a mid-1967 interview that he'd played the high lead on \"Today,\" played on \"Plastic Fantastic Lover\" and \"Comin' Back to Me\" on that album. Others include Tom Fogerty, David Bromberg, Robert Hunter (Liberty, on Relix Records), Paul Pena, Peter Rowan, Warren Zevon, Country Joe McDonald, Pete Sears, Ken Nordine, Ornette Coleman, Bruce Hornsby, Bob Dylan, It's a Beautiful Day, and many more. In 1995 Garcia played on three tracks for the CD Blue Incantation by guitarist Sanjay Mishra, making it his last studio collaboration.",2,null,"What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","Some controversy exists as to the role of Grateful Dead guitarist Jerry Garcia in the making of the album. His reputed presence on several tracks is denied by producer Rick Jarrard, but he is credited on the RCA label copy, as well as received credits on the Flight Log compilation and the Jefferson Airplane Loves You box set. In his sleeve notes for Early Flight  - the 1974 compilation album of previously unreleased material - the band's sometime manager Bill Thompson writes only that Garcia was, \"listed as 'spiritual advisor' on the album cover [and] played one of the guitars\", on \"In The Morning\", a track recorded at the Surrealistic Pillow sessions, but first included on the album on the 2003 reissue. Garcia himself recalled in a mid-1967 interview that he had played the high lead on \"Today\", played on \"Plastic Fantastic Lover\" and \"Comin' Back to Me\", and that he had arranged and essentially rewritten \"Somebody to Love\". He also played on two songs not released until the reissue (\"JPP McStep B Blues\"and \"In the Morning\") and may have played on \"How Do You Feel\". Kaukonen said that Garcia was essentially the producer who arranged the songs. A comment by Garcia about the music being \"as surrealistic as a pillow\" also reportedly inspired the album title.",3,null,190,true,"103_6_CAR_a6a5046168c27e3dee37921a4acfd7e26e0fd84f","CAR_a6a5046168c27e3dee37921a4acfd7e26e0fd84f","103_6_CAR_2e89b7e7e77b0316ee6d6fb3ac01c6d2da61f328","CAR_2e89b7e7e77b0316ee6d6fb3ac01c6d2da61f328","103_6_CAR_2e89b7e7e77b0316ee6d6fb3ac01c6d2da61f328","CAR_2e89b7e7e77b0316ee6d6fb3ac01c6d2da61f328",null,"What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","CAR_9bf4c9e30b33d016648146b6b4e191fe4275bf3d","103_6_CAR_9bf4c9e30b33d016648146b6b4e191fe4275bf3d","Some controversy exists as to the role of Grateful Dead guitarist Jerry Garcia in the making of the album. His reputed presence on several tracks is denied by producer Rick Jarrard, but he is credited on the RCA label copy, as well as received credits on the Flight Log compilation and the Jefferson Airplane Loves You box set. In his sleeve notes for Early Flight  - the 1974 compilation album of previously unreleased material - the band's sometime manager Bill Thompson writes only that Garcia was, \"listed as 'spiritual advisor' on the album cover [and] played one of the guitars\", on \"In The Morning\", a track recorded at the Surrealistic Pillow sessions, but first included on the album on the 2003 reissue. Garcia himself recalled in a mid-1967 interview that he had played the high lead on \"Today\", played on \"Plastic Fantastic Lover\" and \"Comin' Back to Me\", and that he had arranged and essentially rewritten \"Somebody to Love\". He also played on two songs not released until the reissue (\"JPP McStep B Blues\"and \"In the Morning\") and may have played on \"How Do You Feel\". Kaukonen said that Garcia was essentially the producer who arranged the songs. A comment by Garcia about the music being \"as surrealistic as a pillow\" also reportedly inspired the album title.",3]
["What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","103_6","Was Jerry Garcia linked with Jefferson's airplane?","During this period, Paul Kantner had been working on his first solo album, a science fiction-themed project recorded with members of the Airplane and other friends. It was released in October 1970 under the title Blows Against the Empire, and credited to \"Paul Kantner/Jefferson Starship\". This \"prototype\" version of Jefferson Starship included David Crosby and Graham Nash, Grateful Dead members Jerry Garcia, Bill Kreutzmann, and Mickey Hart, and Airplane members Grace Slick, Joey Covington, and Jack Casady. Blows Against the Empire was the first rock album nominated for the Hugo science fiction award. Kantner and Slick also recorded additional solo albums in the early 1970s.",2,null,"How was Jerry Garcia related to Jefferson Airplane?","Some controversy exists as to the role of Grateful Dead guitarist Jerry Garcia in the making of the album. His reputed presence on several tracks is denied by producer Rick Jarrard, but he is credited on the RCA label copy, as well as received credits on the Flight Log compilation and the Jefferson Airplane Loves You box set. In his sleeve notes for Early Flight  - the 1974 compilation album of previously unreleased material - the band's sometime manager Bill Thompson writes only that Garcia was, \"listed as 'spiritual advisor' on the album cover [and] played one of the guitars\", on \"In The Morning\", a track recorded at the Surrealistic Pillow sessions, but first included on the album on the 2003 reissue. Garcia himself recalled in a mid-1967 interview that he had played the high lead on \"Today\", played on \"Plastic Fantastic Lover\" and \"Comin' Back to Me\", and that he had arranged and essentially rewritten \"Somebody to Love\". He also played on two songs not released until the reissue (\"JPP McStep B Blues\"and \"In the Morning\") and may have played on \"How Do You Feel\". Kaukonen said that Garcia was essentially the producer who arranged the songs. A comment by Garcia about the music being \"as surrealistic as a pillow\" also reportedly inspired the album title.",3,null,"Was Jerry Garcia affiliated with Jefferson Airplane?","During this period, Paul Kantner had been working on his first solo album, a science fiction-themed project recorded with members of the Airplane and other friends. It was released in October 1970 under the title Blows Against the Empire, and credited to \"Paul Kantner/Jefferson Starship\". This \"prototype\" version of Jefferson Starship included David Crosby and Graham Nash, Grateful Dead members Jerry Garcia, Bill Kreutzmann, and Mickey Hart, and Airplane members Grace Slick, Joey Covington, and Jack Casady. Blows Against the Empire was the first rock album nominated for the Hugo science fiction award. Kantner and Slick also recorded additional solo albums in the early 1970s.",2,null,"What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","All the members of the 1972-era Jefferson Airplane make an appearance on the album. However, on most of the tracks, Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead performs lead guitar and Chris Ethridge of the Flying Burrito Brothers performs bass.",2,null,190,true,"103_6_CAR_124a66639cf39d41ddde45c71e0547da75ed05db","CAR_124a66639cf39d41ddde45c71e0547da75ed05db","103_6_CAR_9bf4c9e30b33d016648146b6b4e191fe4275bf3d","CAR_9bf4c9e30b33d016648146b6b4e191fe4275bf3d","103_6_CAR_124a66639cf39d41ddde45c71e0547da75ed05db","CAR_124a66639cf39d41ddde45c71e0547da75ed05db",null,"What was Jerry Garcia's relationship to Jefferson Airplane?","CAR_a6a5046168c27e3dee37921a4acfd7e26e0fd84f","103_6_CAR_a6a5046168c27e3dee37921a4acfd7e26e0fd84f","All the members of the 1972-era Jefferson Airplane make an appearance on the album. However, on most of the tracks, Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead performs lead guitar and Chris Ethridge of the Flying Burrito Brothers performs bass.",2]
["Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","103_7","Was Cassidy written about Jack Casady?","Jack Cassidy. For the Jefferson Airplane bass guitarist, see Jack Casady. John Joseph Edward Jack Cassidy (March 5, 1927 â€“ December 12, 1976) was an American actor, singer and director of stage, film, and television.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Was Jack Casady the influence on Cassidy?","Since Lesh had never played bass, it meant that to a great extent he learned \"on the job\", yet it also meant he had no preconceived attitudes about the instrument's traditional rhythm section role. In his autobiography, he credits Jack Casady (who was playing with Jefferson Airplane) as a confirming influence on the direction his instincts were leading him into. He has said that his playing style was influenced more by Bach counterpoint than by contemporaneous rock and soul bass players—although one can also hear the fluidity and power of a jazz bassist such as Charles Mingus or Jimmy Garrison in Lesh's work, along with stylistic allusions to Casady.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Jack Casady the reason Cassidy was written?","This Columbo episode is probably noted more for the director, Steven Spielberg, as one of his early films. It should be looked at for Jack Cassidy's role as the murderer who kills his partner in writing to maintain his lifestyle. Jack Cassidy would appear in a later Columbo. After all, Columbo meets his match in Jack Cassidy's character. He is a mystery writer who plots to perform the perfect murder. After his first murder, his next victim would be the annoying general store owner/widow who would blackmail him for money.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","Jack Cassidy. For the Jefferson Airplane bass guitarist, see Jack Casady. John Joseph Edward Jack Cassidy (March 5, 1927 â€“ December 12, 1976) was an American actor, singer and director of stage, film, and television.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,191,false,"103_7_MARCO_3953988","MARCO_3953988","103_7_CAR_1d54750e1ad1ba1a9c6e3f214cec9caa50bb18b2","CAR_1d54750e1ad1ba1a9c6e3f214cec9caa50bb18b2","103_7_MARCO_865579","MARCO_865579",null,"Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","MARCO_3953988","103_7_MARCO_3953988","Jack Cassidy. For the Jefferson Airplane bass guitarist, see Jack Casady. John Joseph Edward Jack Cassidy (March 5, 1927 â€“ December 12, 1976) was an American actor, singer and director of stage, film, and television.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","103_7","Was Cassidy written about Jack Casady?","Maggie Cassidy is a novel by the American writer Jack Kerouac, first published in 1959. It is a largely autobiographical work about Kerouac's early life in Lowell, Massachusetts, from 1938 to 1939, and chronicles his real-life relationship with his teenage sweetheart Mary Carney. It is unique for Kerouac for its high school setting and teenage characters. He wrote the novel in 1953 but it was not published until 1959, after the success of On the Road (1957).",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Was Jack Casady the influence on Cassidy?","Jack Cassidy. For the Jefferson Airplane bass guitarist, see Jack Casady. John Joseph Edward Jack Cassidy (March 5, 1927 â€“ December 12, 1976) was an American actor, singer and director of stage, film, and television.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Jack Casady the reason Cassidy was written?","Maggie Cassidy is a novel by the American writer Jack Kerouac, first published in 1959. It is a largely autobiographical work about Kerouac's early life in Lowell, Massachusetts, from 1938 to 1939, and chronicles his real-life relationship with his teenage sweetheart Mary Carney. It is unique for Kerouac for its high school setting and teenage characters. He wrote the novel in 1953 but it was not published until 1959, after the success of On the Road (1957).",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","Maggie Cassidy is a novel by the American writer Jack Kerouac, first published in 1959. It is a largely autobiographical work about Kerouac's early life in Lowell, Massachusetts, from 1938 to 1939, and chronicles his real-life relationship with his teenage sweetheart Mary Carney. It is unique for Kerouac for its high school setting and teenage characters. He wrote the novel in 1953 but it was not published until 1959, after the success of On the Road (1957).",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,191,false,"103_7_CAR_8c97a97453f3daaf5c4eee2db38f26132eef6d32","CAR_8c97a97453f3daaf5c4eee2db38f26132eef6d32","103_7_MARCO_3953988","MARCO_3953988","103_7_CAR_8c97a97453f3daaf5c4eee2db38f26132eef6d32","CAR_8c97a97453f3daaf5c4eee2db38f26132eef6d32",null,"Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","CAR_8c97a97453f3daaf5c4eee2db38f26132eef6d32","103_7_CAR_8c97a97453f3daaf5c4eee2db38f26132eef6d32","Maggie Cassidy is a novel by the American writer Jack Kerouac, first published in 1959. It is a largely autobiographical work about Kerouac's early life in Lowell, Massachusetts, from 1938 to 1939, and chronicles his real-life relationship with his teenage sweetheart Mary Carney. It is unique for Kerouac for its high school setting and teenage characters. He wrote the novel in 1953 but it was not published until 1959, after the success of On the Road (1957).",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","103_7","Was Cassidy written about Jack Casady?","Love Always, Carolyn is a 2011 English-language Swedish documentary film written and directed by Malin Korkeasalo and Maria Ramström.  The film is about Carolyn Cassady's recollection of life with husband Neal Cassady and Jack Kerouac, and her concern that the truth about these men is being lost in their mythos.  It features interviews with Carolyn Cassady and her children as well as archive footage. The film premiered at the 2011 Tribeca Film Festival.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Was Jack Casady the influence on Cassidy?","Cassidy was born in Los Angeles, the daughter of actor David Cassidy and Sherry Benedon in 1986. Cassidy's paternal grandparents were actors Jack Cassidy and Evelyn Ward, and she is the niece of teen idol and television producer Shaun Cassidy and actor Patrick Cassidy. Cassidy also has two younger cousins who live in Australia named Samantha Cassidy and Jasmine Cassidy. Cassidy has a younger half-brother named Beau, born in 1991, from her father's third marriage to Sue Shifrin. In her youth, Cassidy was on the competitive cheerleader team, the California Flyers.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Jack Casady the reason Cassidy was written?","Brian Cassidy was a detective in the SVU during the series' first season. The youngest and least experienced member of the precinct, he has a genuine desire to put rapists and child molesters in prison, but lacked the professional detachment necessary to deal with the often grisly sex crimes. He often has trouble concealing his anger and revulsion toward the cases he investigates and this created friction between him and his colleagues, made worse when they poke fun at his relative lack of sophistication. A genuinely talented and driven police detective, he makes a real effort to learn from the other members of the precinct, particularly Munch, whom he thinks of as a sort of older brother/mentor figure. He has a brief affair with Olivia Benson, and has trouble dealing with her after the relationship ends.  Cassidy was written out of the show midway through the first season. Cragen sends him to interview a young girl who was repeatedly raped and brutalized, causing Cassidy to realize that he cannot emotionally handle the types of crimes that a SVU detective must deal with on a daily basis. Cragen then offers to assist Cassidy with a transfer to another department, narcotics.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","David Cassidy. Powered by imdb. David Cassidy was born on April 12, 1950 to Jack Cassidy, a very skilled actor, and actress Evelyn Ward. By the time he was five, his parents were divorced and Jack had married actress Shirley Jones, an actress who in 1955 had just made Oklahoma!. When David was about 10, his mother moved to California from New Jersey. A few years later, she got married to a director and, like Jack Cassidy and Shirley Jones, the marriage ended in divorce.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,191,false,"103_7_CAR_bb09908931e709963fd607fb27bbaa3133412243","CAR_bb09908931e709963fd607fb27bbaa3133412243","103_7_MARCO_3162694","MARCO_3162694","103_7_CAR_0f861c378aba8297f98742f329440bb921d9100a","CAR_0f861c378aba8297f98742f329440bb921d9100a",null,"Is Cassidy about Jack Casady?","MARCO_7717150","103_7_MARCO_7717150","David Cassidy. Powered by imdb. David Cassidy was born on April 12, 1950 to Jack Cassidy, a very skilled actor, and actress Evelyn Ward. By the time he was five, his parents were divorced and Jack had married actress Shirley Jones, an actress who in 1955 had just made Oklahoma!. When David was about 10, his mother moved to California from New Jersey. A few years later, she got married to a director and, like Jack Cassidy and Shirley Jones, the marriage ended in divorce.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["Who wrote Cassidy?","103_8","Who was the songwriter behind Cassidy?","In the early 1970s, Carnes and husband Dave Ellingson co-wrote several songs with David Cassidy, then at the peak of his career as an international idol, and toured the world with him as an opening act with her husband. Cassidy's albums, Rock Me Baby, Dreams are Nuthin' More than Wishes and Cassidy Live! include several songs penned by Carnes, along with Ellingson and Cassidy. Carnes also provided backing vocals for these albums.",0,null,"Who wrote the Dead's hit Cassidy?","Cassidy is a song written by John Barlow and Bob Weir and performed by the Grateful Dead, Ratdog, and Phil Lesh & Friends. The song appeared on Bob Weir's Ace, and the Grateful Dead's Reckoning and Without a Net albums.",4,null,"Who actually wrote the hit, Cassidy?","The album yielded two hit singles. The first, \"Hey Deanie\", was written by Eric Carmen, who also wrote the song \"That's Rock 'n' Roll\" (which was a hit from Cassidy's first solo album).  \"Hey Deanie\" reached #7 in early 1978.  For the second single, also following the formula of his first album, Cassidy remade a 1960s hit, in this case The Lovin' Spoonful's \"Do You Believe in Magic?\" (which was written by John Sebastian). That single became a modest hit, peaking at #31 on the US Billboard Hot 100.",0,null,"Who wrote Cassidy?","In the early 1970s, Carnes and husband Dave Ellingson co-wrote several songs with David Cassidy, then at the peak of his career as an international idol, and toured the world with him as an opening act with her husband. Cassidy's albums, Rock Me Baby, Dreams are Nuthin' More than Wishes and Cassidy Live! include several songs penned by Carnes, along with Ellingson and Cassidy. Carnes also provided backing vocals for these albums.",0,null,192,true,"103_8_CAR_e2c3ebcfe9d95342671766c953d265b497c3a4b0","CAR_e2c3ebcfe9d95342671766c953d265b497c3a4b0","103_8_CAR_7dccc5c94027adc8a3712098cca22b580a284369","CAR_7dccc5c94027adc8a3712098cca22b580a284369","103_8_CAR_0f3a1479425ee8fd1f3767d0df1e70ead99763be","CAR_0f3a1479425ee8fd1f3767d0df1e70ead99763be",null,"Who wrote Cassidy?","CAR_e2c3ebcfe9d95342671766c953d265b497c3a4b0","103_8_CAR_e2c3ebcfe9d95342671766c953d265b497c3a4b0","In the early 1970s, Carnes and husband Dave Ellingson co-wrote several songs with David Cassidy, then at the peak of his career as an international idol, and toured the world with him as an opening act with her husband. Cassidy's albums, Rock Me Baby, Dreams are Nuthin' More than Wishes and Cassidy Live! include several songs penned by Carnes, along with Ellingson and Cassidy. Carnes also provided backing vocals for these albums.",0]
["Who wrote Cassidy?","103_8","Who was the songwriter behind Cassidy?","After the band released their first studio album Mirror, Signal, Manoeuvre in 2003, the band underwent a change of personnel and as a result, Beau Cassidy became chief songwriter and subsequently the band acquired a different, more atmospheric sound. The album was produced by Dave Eringa who has produced records for the likes of Idlewild, Manic Street Preachers and Suede.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who wrote the Dead's hit Cassidy?","From 1971 until 1995, Barlow wrote lyrics for the Grateful Dead, mostly through his relationship with Bob Weir. Among others, Barlow's songs include \"Cassidy\" (about Neal Cassady and Cassidy Law), \"Estimated Prophet\", \"Black-Throated Wind\", \"Hell in a Bucket\", \"Mexicali Blues\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", and \"Throwing Stones\".",4,null,"Who actually wrote the hit, Cassidy?","Hey Deanie is a song written by Eric Carmen. It was a popular hit single by Shaun Cassidy that was released the last week of November, 1977 from his album, Born Late. It was his third and final top 10 hit, peaked at number seven for two weeks on the Billboard Hot 100, spending four months on the chart from late 1977 to early 1978.  As with Cassidy's prior singles, this song also became a gold record.",0,null,"Who wrote Cassidy?","Maggie Cassidy is a novel by the American writer Jack Kerouac, first published in 1959. It is a largely autobiographical work about Kerouac's early life in Lowell, Massachusetts, from 1938 to 1939, and chronicles his real-life relationship with his teenage sweetheart Mary Carney. It is unique for Kerouac for its high school setting and teenage characters. He wrote the novel in 1953 but it was not published until 1959, after the success of On the Road (1957).",0,null,192,true,"103_8_CAR_4bf41a39870f51b42e97e63eac270f9c08c40754","CAR_4bf41a39870f51b42e97e63eac270f9c08c40754","103_8_CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","103_8_CAR_5826a5dc4ee00db47ead6772c079a21687c853ae","CAR_5826a5dc4ee00db47ead6772c079a21687c853ae",null,"Who wrote Cassidy?","CAR_8c97a97453f3daaf5c4eee2db38f26132eef6d32","103_8_CAR_8c97a97453f3daaf5c4eee2db38f26132eef6d32","Maggie Cassidy is a novel by the American writer Jack Kerouac, first published in 1959. It is a largely autobiographical work about Kerouac's early life in Lowell, Massachusetts, from 1938 to 1939, and chronicles his real-life relationship with his teenage sweetheart Mary Carney. It is unique for Kerouac for its high school setting and teenage characters. He wrote the novel in 1953 but it was not published until 1959, after the success of On the Road (1957).",0]
["Who wrote Cassidy?","103_8","Who was the songwriter behind Cassidy?","The album yielded two hit singles. The first, \"Hey Deanie\", was written by Eric Carmen, who also wrote the song \"That's Rock 'n' Roll\" (which was a hit from Cassidy's first solo album).  \"Hey Deanie\" reached #7 in early 1978.  For the second single, also following the formula of his first album, Cassidy remade a 1960s hit, in this case The Lovin' Spoonful's \"Do You Believe in Magic?\" (which was written by John Sebastian). That single became a modest hit, peaking at #31 on the US Billboard Hot 100.",0,null,"Who wrote the Dead's hit Cassidy?","The album yielded two hit singles. The first, \"Hey Deanie\", was written by Eric Carmen, who also wrote the song \"That's Rock 'n' Roll\" (which was a hit from Cassidy's first solo album).  \"Hey Deanie\" reached #7 in early 1978.  For the second single, also following the formula of his first album, Cassidy remade a 1960s hit, in this case The Lovin' Spoonful's \"Do You Believe in Magic?\" (which was written by John Sebastian). That single became a modest hit, peaking at #31 on the US Billboard Hot 100.",0,null,"Who actually wrote the hit, Cassidy?","That's Rock and Roll was the first of two major hits written by Carmen and covered by Cassidy, the second being \"Hey Deanie\".  Both songs charted concurrently with Carmen's own hit, \"She Did It\" from the fall of 1977.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Who wrote Cassidy?","Cassidy is a 1989 mini series based on the novel by Morris West. It was based on the life of Charles Parnell Cassidy, a fictitious premier of New South Wales.",0,null,192,true,"103_8_CAR_0f3a1479425ee8fd1f3767d0df1e70ead99763be","CAR_0f3a1479425ee8fd1f3767d0df1e70ead99763be","103_8_CAR_0f3a1479425ee8fd1f3767d0df1e70ead99763be","CAR_0f3a1479425ee8fd1f3767d0df1e70ead99763be","103_8_CAR_dc7e0386782c382a240d0ab6a22e7763e238e1b0","CAR_dc7e0386782c382a240d0ab6a22e7763e238e1b0",null,"Who wrote Cassidy?","CAR_6e35f8b567089703d97ca25c79f88a0708e7a634","103_8_CAR_6e35f8b567089703d97ca25c79f88a0708e7a634","Cassidy is a 1989 mini series based on the novel by Morris West. It was based on the life of Charles Parnell Cassidy, a fictitious premier of New South Wales.",0]
["What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","103_9","What did John Barlow and Bob Weir write as well?","Mexicali Blues was written by Bob Weir and lyricist John Perry Barlow. This was the first songwriting collaboration for Weir and Barlow. Barlow has noted that Weir had an idea for a \"cowboy song\" and asked Barlow to write the lyrics after Robert Hunter declined.  Weir would soon switch to using Barlow rather than Hunter for the bulk of his songwriting.",4,null,"What are some other John Barlow and Bob Weir songs?","The twosome hammered out such enduring songs as \"Cassidy\", \"Mexicali Blues\", and \"Black-Throated Wind\", all three of which would remain in the repertoires of the Grateful Dead and Weir's varied solo projects for years to come. Other songs to emerge from the Weir-Barlow collaboration include \"Let It Grow\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", \"Estimated Prophet\", \"I Need A Miracle\", \"Lost Sailor\", \"Saint of Circumstance\", \"Hell In A Bucket\", \"Throwing Stones\" and \"Picasso Moon\". Barlow also collaborated with Grateful Dead keyboardists Brent Mydland and Vince Welnick.",4,null,"What did John Barlow and Bob Weir write other than that one?","The twosome hammered out such enduring songs as \"Cassidy\", \"Mexicali Blues\", and \"Black-Throated Wind\", all three of which would remain in the repertoires of the Grateful Dead and Weir's varied solo projects for years to come. Other songs to emerge from the Weir-Barlow collaboration include \"Let It Grow\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", \"Estimated Prophet\", \"I Need A Miracle\", \"Lost Sailor\", \"Saint of Circumstance\", \"Hell In A Bucket\", \"Throwing Stones\" and \"Picasso Moon\". Barlow also collaborated with Grateful Dead keyboardists Brent Mydland and Vince Welnick.",4,null,"What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","From 1971 until 1995, Barlow wrote lyrics for the Grateful Dead, mostly through his relationship with Bob Weir. Among others, Barlow's songs include \"Cassidy\" (about Neal Cassady and Cassidy Law), \"Estimated Prophet\", \"Black-Throated Wind\", \"Hell in a Bucket\", \"Mexicali Blues\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", and \"Throwing Stones\".",3,null,193,false,"103_9_CAR_d20a5bf2712da8143454e2617246c6a9b9392cfd","CAR_d20a5bf2712da8143454e2617246c6a9b9392cfd","103_9_CAR_dddf59ab9b722bddfd309c34d905526674a193e7","CAR_dddf59ab9b722bddfd309c34d905526674a193e7","103_9_CAR_dddf59ab9b722bddfd309c34d905526674a193e7","CAR_dddf59ab9b722bddfd309c34d905526674a193e7",null,"What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","103_9_CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","From 1971 until 1995, Barlow wrote lyrics for the Grateful Dead, mostly through his relationship with Bob Weir. Among others, Barlow's songs include \"Cassidy\" (about Neal Cassady and Cassidy Law), \"Estimated Prophet\", \"Black-Throated Wind\", \"Hell in a Bucket\", \"Mexicali Blues\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", and \"Throwing Stones\".",3]
["What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","103_9","What did John Barlow and Bob Weir write as well?","From 1971 until 1995, Barlow wrote lyrics for the Grateful Dead, mostly through his relationship with Bob Weir. Among others, Barlow's songs include \"Cassidy\" (about Neal Cassady and Cassidy Law), \"Estimated Prophet\", \"Black-Throated Wind\", \"Hell in a Bucket\", \"Mexicali Blues\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", and \"Throwing Stones\".",3,null,"What are some other John Barlow and Bob Weir songs?","From 1971 until 1995, Barlow wrote lyrics for the Grateful Dead, mostly through his relationship with Bob Weir. Among others, Barlow's songs include \"Cassidy\" (about Neal Cassady and Cassidy Law), \"Estimated Prophet\", \"Black-Throated Wind\", \"Hell in a Bucket\", \"Mexicali Blues\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", and \"Throwing Stones\".",3,null,"What did John Barlow and Bob Weir write other than that one?","From 1971 until 1995, Barlow wrote lyrics for the Grateful Dead, mostly through his relationship with Bob Weir. Among others, Barlow's songs include \"Cassidy\" (about Neal Cassady and Cassidy Law), \"Estimated Prophet\", \"Black-Throated Wind\", \"Hell in a Bucket\", \"Mexicali Blues\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", and \"Throwing Stones\".",3,null,"What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","The twosome hammered out such enduring songs as \"Cassidy\", \"Mexicali Blues\", and \"Black-Throated Wind\", all three of which would remain in the repertoires of the Grateful Dead and Weir's varied solo projects for years to come. Other songs to emerge from the Weir-Barlow collaboration include \"Let It Grow\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", \"Estimated Prophet\", \"I Need A Miracle\", \"Lost Sailor\", \"Saint of Circumstance\", \"Hell In A Bucket\", \"Throwing Stones\" and \"Picasso Moon\". Barlow also collaborated with Grateful Dead keyboardists Brent Mydland and Vince Welnick.",4,null,193,false,"103_9_CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","103_9_CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","103_9_CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6","CAR_a2d0bd60045accf95a494c47d0b0f21e4ac4b1f6",null,"What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","CAR_dddf59ab9b722bddfd309c34d905526674a193e7","103_9_CAR_dddf59ab9b722bddfd309c34d905526674a193e7","The twosome hammered out such enduring songs as \"Cassidy\", \"Mexicali Blues\", and \"Black-Throated Wind\", all three of which would remain in the repertoires of the Grateful Dead and Weir's varied solo projects for years to come. Other songs to emerge from the Weir-Barlow collaboration include \"Let It Grow\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", \"Estimated Prophet\", \"I Need A Miracle\", \"Lost Sailor\", \"Saint of Circumstance\", \"Hell In A Bucket\", \"Throwing Stones\" and \"Picasso Moon\". Barlow also collaborated with Grateful Dead keyboardists Brent Mydland and Vince Welnick.",4]
["What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","103_9","What did John Barlow and Bob Weir write as well?","The twosome hammered out such enduring songs as \"Cassidy\", \"Mexicali Blues\", and \"Black-Throated Wind\", all three of which would remain in the repertoires of the Grateful Dead and Weir's varied solo projects for years to come. Other songs to emerge from the Weir-Barlow collaboration include \"Let It Grow\", \"The Music Never Stopped\", \"Estimated Prophet\", \"I Need A Miracle\", \"Lost Sailor\", \"Saint of Circumstance\", \"Hell In A Bucket\", \"Throwing Stones\" and \"Picasso Moon\". Barlow also collaborated with Grateful Dead keyboardists Brent Mydland and Vince Welnick.",4,null,"What are some other John Barlow and Bob Weir songs?","Versions of \"Greatest Story Ever Told\" and \"Playing in the Band\" also appear on percussionist Mickey Hart's Rolling Thunder, as \"The Pump Song\" and \"The Main Ten\", respectively, both of which were also sung by Weir. The album initiated Weir's writing partnership with his old schoolmate from Wyoming, John Barlow, as lyricist.",4,null,"What did John Barlow and Bob Weir write other than that one?","Mexicali Blues was written by Bob Weir and lyricist John Perry Barlow. This was the first songwriting collaboration for Weir and Barlow. Barlow has noted that Weir had an idea for a \"cowboy song\" and asked Barlow to write the lyrics after Robert Hunter declined.  Weir would soon switch to using Barlow rather than Hunter for the bulk of his songwriting.",4,null,"What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","Mexicali Blues was written by Bob Weir and lyricist John Perry Barlow. This was the first songwriting collaboration for Weir and Barlow. Barlow has noted that Weir had an idea for a \"cowboy song\" and asked Barlow to write the lyrics after Robert Hunter declined.  Weir would soon switch to using Barlow rather than Hunter for the bulk of his songwriting.",4,null,193,false,"103_9_CAR_dddf59ab9b722bddfd309c34d905526674a193e7","CAR_dddf59ab9b722bddfd309c34d905526674a193e7","103_9_CAR_6e34d900000e84a2c32cf0eb0cb73d58ded37ba6","CAR_6e34d900000e84a2c32cf0eb0cb73d58ded37ba6","103_9_CAR_d20a5bf2712da8143454e2617246c6a9b9392cfd","CAR_d20a5bf2712da8143454e2617246c6a9b9392cfd",null,"What else did John Barlow and Bob Weir write?","CAR_d20a5bf2712da8143454e2617246c6a9b9392cfd","103_9_CAR_d20a5bf2712da8143454e2617246c6a9b9392cfd","Mexicali Blues was written by Bob Weir and lyricist John Perry Barlow. This was the first songwriting collaboration for Weir and Barlow. Barlow has noted that Weir had an idea for a \"cowboy song\" and asked Barlow to write the lyrics after Robert Hunter declined.  Weir would soon switch to using Barlow rather than Hunter for the bulk of his songwriting.",4]
["Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","103_10","Why did the Grateful Dead split up?","In the early 1990s, the Grateful Dead had been working on new songs. When Jerry Garcia had died in 1995, the band decided to break up and this album never was able to be finished. Work on the unfinished album began in November 1994 in West Marin County in California, at a studio the band called \"the Site\", which was located on a hill with scenic views and occasional views of wildlife. At the time, Jerry Garcia was not particularly interested or focused upon the project, which discouraged its impetus. The studio session work did not have any lead vocals from songs that Garcia performed lead vocals on, and Garcia's guitar work on the tracks was described as \"rudimentary.\" The tracks for the new album were incomplete.",3,null,"How and Why did the Grateful Dead dissolve?","Since Furthur's dissolution in November 2014, the surviving members of the Grateful Dead continued to play in side projects with revolving casts of musicians. As part of their \"Fare Thee Well\" celebration to honor the 50th anniversary of the Grateful Dead, the surviving members reformed (although not branded as \"The Dead\") to play 5 shows, which were also to be the final shows that they would play together as a group. They enlisted the help from Phish frontman Trey Anastasio on lead guitar and vocals, Bruce Hornsby on piano and vocals, and Jeff Chimenti on keyboards. There were two shows to kick off the \"Fare Thee Well\" run at Levi's Stadium- just miles from where the Grateful Dead began as a band 50 years earlier.",1,null,"What happened to the Grateful Dead when they broke up?","In 1989, Scully moved to Louisville, Kentucky, where he operated an automotive paint shop for three years with his longtime companion, former Grateful Dead associate Amy Moore. Shortly after relapsing, he broke up with Moore and returned to California in 1992. While he attempted to reclaim his old position, Scully found that his job \"had been usurped by others.\" Nevertheless, he remained on amicable terms with the group, as evinced by a 2010 group interview with Scully, Phil Lesh and Bob Weir.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","In the early 1990s, the Grateful Dead had been working on new songs. When Jerry Garcia had died in 1995, the band decided to break up and this album never was able to be finished. Work on the unfinished album began in November 1994 in West Marin County in California, at a studio the band called \"the Site\", which was located on a hill with scenic views and occasional views of wildlife. At the time, Jerry Garcia was not particularly interested or focused upon the project, which discouraged its impetus. The studio session work did not have any lead vocals from songs that Garcia performed lead vocals on, and Garcia's guitar work on the tracks was described as \"rudimentary.\" The tracks for the new album were incomplete.",3,null,194,true,"103_10_CAR_7aa8a7372a1f62a5375e6c89e8ab6a5163ed5619","CAR_7aa8a7372a1f62a5375e6c89e8ab6a5163ed5619","103_10_CAR_95c2ea7f7cf0a27e26b690429ba3ec80ec97e527","CAR_95c2ea7f7cf0a27e26b690429ba3ec80ec97e527","103_10_CAR_558cb681e37d5479c8216b6a61117a34582a952a","CAR_558cb681e37d5479c8216b6a61117a34582a952a",null,"Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","CAR_7aa8a7372a1f62a5375e6c89e8ab6a5163ed5619","103_10_CAR_7aa8a7372a1f62a5375e6c89e8ab6a5163ed5619","In the early 1990s, the Grateful Dead had been working on new songs. When Jerry Garcia had died in 1995, the band decided to break up and this album never was able to be finished. Work on the unfinished album began in November 1994 in West Marin County in California, at a studio the band called \"the Site\", which was located on a hill with scenic views and occasional views of wildlife. At the time, Jerry Garcia was not particularly interested or focused upon the project, which discouraged its impetus. The studio session work did not have any lead vocals from songs that Garcia performed lead vocals on, and Garcia's guitar work on the tracks was described as \"rudimentary.\" The tracks for the new album were incomplete.",3]
["Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","103_10","Why did the Grateful Dead split up?","In 1974 the Grateful Dead were exhausted from touring, and it had proven too expensive and cumbersome to tour with the \"Wall of Sound\" sound system. In response, the group decided to stop touring for an indefinite period of time. In October they played five nights at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco, California. As they were the last concerts before the hiatus, the Grateful Dead wanted them to be properly recorded and documented by a film crew.",0,null,"How and Why did the Grateful Dead dissolve?","Hart joined the Grateful Dead in September 1967 and left in February 1971 when he extricated himself from the band due to conflict between band management and his father. During his sabbatical in 1972 he recorded the album Rolling Thunder. He returned to the Dead in 1974 and remained with the group until their official dissolution in 1995. Collaboration with the remaining members of the Grateful Dead continued under the name \"The Dead\", as well as playing with Dead & Company which started in 2015.",1,null,"What happened to the Grateful Dead when they broke up?","Since Furthur's dissolution in November 2014, the surviving members of the Grateful Dead continued to play in side projects with revolving casts of musicians. As part of their \"Fare Thee Well\" celebration to honor the 50th anniversary of the Grateful Dead, the surviving members reformed (although not branded as \"The Dead\") to play 5 shows, which were also to be the final shows that they would play together as a group. They enlisted the help from Phish frontman Trey Anastasio on lead guitar and vocals, Bruce Hornsby on piano and vocals, and Jeff Chimenti on keyboards. There were two shows to kick off the \"Fare Thee Well\" run at Levi's Stadium- just miles from where the Grateful Dead began as a band 50 years earlier.",1,null,"Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","Garcia and the band toured almost constantly from their formation in 1965 until Garcia's death in 1995. Periodically, there were breaks due to exhaustion or health problems, often due to unstable health and/or Garcia's drug use. During their three-decade span, the Grateful Dead played 2,314 shows.",2,null,194,true,"103_10_CAR_9016bb4eb160078a05c04781ea6b48b22f4d9ba9","CAR_9016bb4eb160078a05c04781ea6b48b22f4d9ba9","103_10_CAR_71c7dd6398f5ead319d6ce2dc826cae5d14381b7","CAR_71c7dd6398f5ead319d6ce2dc826cae5d14381b7","103_10_CAR_95c2ea7f7cf0a27e26b690429ba3ec80ec97e527","CAR_95c2ea7f7cf0a27e26b690429ba3ec80ec97e527",null,"Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","CAR_767434d9efacfdfc8bb5b458485d67c9f99d700f","103_10_CAR_767434d9efacfdfc8bb5b458485d67c9f99d700f","Garcia and the band toured almost constantly from their formation in 1965 until Garcia's death in 1995. Periodically, there were breaks due to exhaustion or health problems, often due to unstable health and/or Garcia's drug use. During their three-decade span, the Grateful Dead played 2,314 shows.",2]
["Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","103_10","Why did the Grateful Dead split up?","In July 1986 Grateful Dead guitarist Jerry Garcia fell into a diabetic coma. He awoke five days later but took months to recover. During this time drummer Bill Kreutzmann and keyboardist Brent Mydland formed the band Go Ahead. The two had performed briefly in a band called Kokomo during the summer of 1985.  Go Ahead played a number of gigs during December 1986 after which the Grateful Dead had resumed performing.",1,null,"How and Why did the Grateful Dead dissolve?","The turn-of-the-century \"acid drought\" was likely due to a number of factors, including but not limited to the arrest of Pickard. Additional factors included the 1996 arrest of longtime LSD chemist Nicholas Sand and the death of \"Dealer McDope\", an important but mysterious man involved in the illicit sale of LSD precursor materials. Grateful Dead concerts provided a primary distribution network for LSD, and this network dissolved when the Grateful Dead stopped touring in 1995.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What happened to the Grateful Dead when they broke up?","In 1974 the Grateful Dead were exhausted from touring, and it had proven too expensive and cumbersome to tour with the \"Wall of Sound\" sound system. In response, the group decided to stop touring for an indefinite period of time. In October they played five nights at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco, California. As they were the last concerts before the hiatus, the Grateful Dead wanted them to be properly recorded and documented by a film crew.",0,null,"Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","In 1974 the Grateful Dead were exhausted from touring, and it had proven too expensive and cumbersome to tour with the \"Wall of Sound\" sound system. In response, the group decided to stop touring for an indefinite period of time. In October they played five nights at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco, California. As they were the last concerts before the hiatus, the Grateful Dead wanted them to be properly recorded and documented by a film crew.",0,null,194,true,"103_10_CAR_44d265da93125dd62418a10e20c2dbbaeafd390e","CAR_44d265da93125dd62418a10e20c2dbbaeafd390e","103_10_CAR_cf50b543f2f0d37263570e97e05fd2125b937d21","CAR_cf50b543f2f0d37263570e97e05fd2125b937d21","103_10_CAR_9016bb4eb160078a05c04781ea6b48b22f4d9ba9","CAR_9016bb4eb160078a05c04781ea6b48b22f4d9ba9",null,"Why did the Grateful Dead break up?","CAR_9016bb4eb160078a05c04781ea6b48b22f4d9ba9","103_10_CAR_9016bb4eb160078a05c04781ea6b48b22f4d9ba9","In 1974 the Grateful Dead were exhausted from touring, and it had proven too expensive and cumbersome to tour with the \"Wall of Sound\" sound system. In response, the group decided to stop touring for an indefinite period of time. In October they played five nights at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco, California. As they were the last concerts before the hiatus, the Grateful Dead wanted them to be properly recorded and documented by a film crew.",0]
["Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","104_1","Can you name some famous information retrieval researchers?","Jaime Teevan is an American computer scientist known for her research in human-computer interaction and information retrieval. She is particularly known for the work she has done on personalized search. According to the Technology Review, Teevan \"is a leader in using data about people's knowledge, preferences, and habits to help them manage information.\"",2,null,"Who are the most influential information retrieval researchers?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",2,null,"Who are some popular information retrieval researchers?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",2,null,"Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","Prabhakar Raghavan is a Vice President of Engineering at Google. His research spans algorithms, web search and databases  and he is the co-author of the textbooks Randomized Algorithms with Rajeev Motwani and Introduction to Information Retrieval.",2,null,195,false,"104_1_CAR_6d416022dd26130b7328d38ce95de0b359a9e713","CAR_6d416022dd26130b7328d38ce95de0b359a9e713","104_1_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","104_1_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c",null,"Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","CAR_243373123763379132b8c944ef1e4d4a17cb802b","104_1_CAR_243373123763379132b8c944ef1e4d4a17cb802b","Prabhakar Raghavan is a Vice President of Engineering at Google. His research spans algorithms, web search and databases  and he is the co-author of the textbooks Randomized Algorithms with Rajeev Motwani and Introduction to Information Retrieval.",2]
["Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","104_1","Can you name some famous information retrieval researchers?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",2,null,"Who are the most influential information retrieval researchers?","Prof. Michael S. Lew (born 19 April 1965) is a scientist in multimedia information search and retrieval at Leiden University, Netherlands. He has published over a dozen books and 150 scientific articles in the areas of multimedia search, computer vision, human computer interaction, and information retrieval. Notably, he had the most cited paper in the highest impact multimedia research journal indexed by the Web of Science (ISI Thomson Reuters), and the most cited article from the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Information Retrieval in 2008 and also in 2010.  He was the opening keynote speaker for the 9th International Conference on Visual Information Systems, the Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval (Springer), the co-founder of influential conferences such as the International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval (which became the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval), and the IEEE Workshop on Human Computer Interaction. He was also a founding member of the international advisory committee for the TRECVID video retrieval evaluation project, chair of the steering committee for the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval and a member of the ACM SIGMM Executive Committee (the highest board of the SIGMM) . His work is frequently cited in both scientific and popular news sources.",2,null,"Who are some popular information retrieval researchers?","Prabhakar Raghavan is a Vice President of Engineering at Google. His research spans algorithms, web search and databases  and he is the co-author of the textbooks Randomized Algorithms with Rajeev Motwani and Introduction to Information Retrieval.",2,null,"Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","Jaime Teevan is an American computer scientist known for her research in human-computer interaction and information retrieval. She is particularly known for the work she has done on personalized search. According to the Technology Review, Teevan \"is a leader in using data about people's knowledge, preferences, and habits to help them manage information.\"",2,null,195,false,"104_1_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","104_1_CAR_470f1c144f2ddc1ea58ef9c6ee9e2f3f8e50ae34","CAR_470f1c144f2ddc1ea58ef9c6ee9e2f3f8e50ae34","104_1_CAR_243373123763379132b8c944ef1e4d4a17cb802b","CAR_243373123763379132b8c944ef1e4d4a17cb802b",null,"Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","CAR_6d416022dd26130b7328d38ce95de0b359a9e713","104_1_CAR_6d416022dd26130b7328d38ce95de0b359a9e713","Jaime Teevan is an American computer scientist known for her research in human-computer interaction and information retrieval. She is particularly known for the work she has done on personalized search. According to the Technology Review, Teevan \"is a leader in using data about people's knowledge, preferences, and habits to help them manage information.\"",2]
["Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","104_1","Can you name some famous information retrieval researchers?","Robert Roy Korfhage (December 2, 1930 – November 20, 1998) was an American computer scientist, famous for his contributions to information retrieval and several textbooks.",2,null,"Who are the most influential information retrieval researchers?","Bush's influence is still evident in research laboratories of today in Gordon Bell's MyLifeBits (from Microsoft Research), which implements path-based systems reminiscent of the Memex, is especially impactful in the areas of information retrieval and information science.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"Who are some popular information retrieval researchers?","Prof. Michael S. Lew (born 19 April 1965) is a scientist in multimedia information search and retrieval at Leiden University, Netherlands. He has published over a dozen books and 150 scientific articles in the areas of multimedia search, computer vision, human computer interaction, and information retrieval. Notably, he had the most cited paper in the highest impact multimedia research journal indexed by the Web of Science (ISI Thomson Reuters), and the most cited article from the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Information Retrieval in 2008 and also in 2010.  He was the opening keynote speaker for the 9th International Conference on Visual Information Systems, the Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval (Springer), the co-founder of influential conferences such as the International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval (which became the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval), and the IEEE Workshop on Human Computer Interaction. He was also a founding member of the international advisory committee for the TRECVID video retrieval evaluation project, chair of the steering committee for the ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval and a member of the ACM SIGMM Executive Committee (the highest board of the SIGMM) . His work is frequently cited in both scientific and popular news sources.",2,null,"Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",2,null,195,false,"104_1_CAR_08bb38d93b5e125a39063072ec43db83a42b7d26","CAR_08bb38d93b5e125a39063072ec43db83a42b7d26","104_1_CAR_db77583b9ef83fe4fcdecd6f55de4e4c9e15cd35","CAR_db77583b9ef83fe4fcdecd6f55de4e4c9e15cd35","104_1_CAR_470f1c144f2ddc1ea58ef9c6ee9e2f3f8e50ae34","CAR_470f1c144f2ddc1ea58ef9c6ee9e2f3f8e50ae34",null,"Who are some of the well-known Information Retrieval researchers?","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","104_1_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",2]
["What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","104_2","What research projects did Bruce Croft manage?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What research did Bruce Croft do?","W. Bruce Croft is a distinguished professor of computer science at the University of Massachusetts Amherst whose work focuses on information retrieval.He is the founder of the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval and served as the editor-in-chief of ACM Transactions on Information Systems from 1995 to 2002.  He was also a member of the National Research Council Computer Science and Telecommunications Board from 2000 to 2003. Since 2015, he is the Dean of the College of Information and Computer Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He was Chair of the UMass Amherst Computer Science Department from 2001 to 2007.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What information retrieval research did Bruce Croft do?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,196,true,"104_2_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","104_2_CAR_5fa6feece13046768cda0db6cbe87b2f68aab5c5","CAR_5fa6feece13046768cda0db6cbe87b2f68aab5c5","104_2_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c",null,"What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","104_2_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",{"$error":"#N/A"},4]
["What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","104_2","What research projects did Bruce Croft manage?","Together he and his partner, Suzy Croft, established a local community project, Battersea Community Action, in 1978 and a national initiative, the Open Services Project, in 1987. Each of these were participatory projects concerned with advancing the theory, policy and practice of participation through the production of publications, pamphlets and developmental research. In 1997, he founded and began directing the first UK Centre for Citizen Participation.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What research did Bruce Croft do?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What information retrieval research did Bruce Croft do?","W. Bruce Croft is a distinguished professor of computer science at the University of Massachusetts Amherst whose work focuses on information retrieval.He is the founder of the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval and served as the editor-in-chief of ACM Transactions on Information Systems from 1995 to 2002.  He was also a member of the National Research Council Computer Science and Telecommunications Board from 2000 to 2003. Since 2015, he is the Dean of the College of Information and Computer Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He was Chair of the UMass Amherst Computer Science Department from 2001 to 2007.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","W. Bruce Croft is a distinguished professor of computer science at the University of Massachusetts Amherst whose work focuses on information retrieval.He is the founder of the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval and served as the editor-in-chief of ACM Transactions on Information Systems from 1995 to 2002.  He was also a member of the National Research Council Computer Science and Telecommunications Board from 2000 to 2003. Since 2015, he is the Dean of the College of Information and Computer Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He was Chair of the UMass Amherst Computer Science Department from 2001 to 2007.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,196,true,"104_2_CAR_1ed956f9d3dd9c0051d2e23559f9f70c6b9a4a1f","CAR_1ed956f9d3dd9c0051d2e23559f9f70c6b9a4a1f","104_2_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","104_2_CAR_5fa6feece13046768cda0db6cbe87b2f68aab5c5","CAR_5fa6feece13046768cda0db6cbe87b2f68aab5c5",null,"What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","CAR_5fa6feece13046768cda0db6cbe87b2f68aab5c5","104_2_CAR_5fa6feece13046768cda0db6cbe87b2f68aab5c5","W. Bruce Croft is a distinguished professor of computer science at the University of Massachusetts Amherst whose work focuses on information retrieval.He is the founder of the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval and served as the editor-in-chief of ACM Transactions on Information Systems from 1995 to 2002.  He was also a member of the National Research Council Computer Science and Telecommunications Board from 2000 to 2003. Since 2015, he is the Dean of the College of Information and Computer Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He was Chair of the UMass Amherst Computer Science Department from 2001 to 2007.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1]
["What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","104_2","What research projects did Bruce Croft manage?","W. Bruce Croft is a distinguished professor of computer science at the University of Massachusetts Amherst whose work focuses on information retrieval.He is the founder of the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval and served as the editor-in-chief of ACM Transactions on Information Systems from 1995 to 2002.  He was also a member of the National Research Council Computer Science and Telecommunications Board from 2000 to 2003. Since 2015, he is the Dean of the College of Information and Computer Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He was Chair of the UMass Amherst Computer Science Department from 2001 to 2007.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What research did Bruce Croft do?","Following his graduation, Croft did occasional work in journalism, broadcasting, and acting, but worked mainly as a private tutor and a supply teacher in what he described as \"tough\" secondary modern schools. He spent most of 1950 doing teacher training at a secondary school in North Oxford. These were schools for those who, at that time, were not rated as bright enough to go to a grammar school, and were widely regarded as places for non-academically inclined children to be contained until they reached the school-leaving age. Croft was concerned by the sometimes quite brutal methods employed in them, and his experiences there would later inform his largely autobiographical novel Spare the Rod.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What information retrieval research did Bruce Croft do?","Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) is a research center at the Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst. It is a leading research center in the area of Information Retrieval and Information Extraction. CIIR is led by Distinguished Professor W. Bruce Croft and Professor James Allan.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) is a research center at the Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst. It is a leading research center in the area of Information Retrieval and Information Extraction. CIIR is led by Distinguished Professor W. Bruce Croft and Professor James Allan.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,196,true,"104_2_CAR_5fa6feece13046768cda0db6cbe87b2f68aab5c5","CAR_5fa6feece13046768cda0db6cbe87b2f68aab5c5","104_2_CAR_e43b3abe9dd2aeb403879700686b1f62b3fade28","CAR_e43b3abe9dd2aeb403879700686b1f62b3fade28","104_2_CAR_fdaff8f22d6b0811a7d07c76405f1705f413163e","CAR_fdaff8f22d6b0811a7d07c76405f1705f413163e",null,"What Information Retrieval research did Bruce Croft work on?","CAR_fdaff8f22d6b0811a7d07c76405f1705f413163e","104_2_CAR_fdaff8f22d6b0811a7d07c76405f1705f413163e","Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) is a research center at the Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst. It is a leading research center in the area of Information Retrieval and Information Extraction. CIIR is led by Distinguished Professor W. Bruce Croft and Professor James Allan.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","104_3","Who are some of the most respected British information retrieval researchers?","Stephen Robertson is a British computer scientist. He is known for his work on information retrieval and the Okapi BM25 weighting model.",2,null,"Who are some of the best UK information retrieval researchers?","The Information Retrieval Specialist Group (IRSG) or BCS-IRSG is a Specialist Group of the British Computer Society concerned with supporting communication between researchers and practitioners, promoting the use of Information Retrieval (IR) methods in industry and raising public awareness. There is a newsletter called The Informer, an annual European Conference (ECIR), and continual organisation and sponsorship of conferences, workshops and seminars. The current chair is Dr. Andy MacFarlane.",0,null,"Who are the most influential British Information Retrieval researchers?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",0,null,"Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","Stephen Robertson is a British computer scientist. He is known for his work on information retrieval and the Okapi BM25 weighting model.",2,null,197,false,"104_3_CAR_6582b62ea4645d36733f619b0bcb22991be1fa59","CAR_6582b62ea4645d36733f619b0bcb22991be1fa59","104_3_CAR_72bf464d156c6485429279c622ba61228fc11312","CAR_72bf464d156c6485429279c622ba61228fc11312","104_3_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c",null,"Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","CAR_6582b62ea4645d36733f619b0bcb22991be1fa59","104_3_CAR_6582b62ea4645d36733f619b0bcb22991be1fa59","Stephen Robertson is a British computer scientist. He is known for his work on information retrieval and the Okapi BM25 weighting model.",2]
["Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","104_3","Who are some of the most respected British information retrieval researchers?","The Information Retrieval Specialist Group (IRSG) or BCS-IRSG is a Specialist Group of the British Computer Society concerned with supporting communication between researchers and practitioners, promoting the use of Information Retrieval (IR) methods in industry and raising public awareness. There is a newsletter called The Informer, an annual European Conference (ECIR), and continual organisation and sponsorship of conferences, workshops and seminars. The current chair is Dr. Andy MacFarlane.",0,null,"Who are some of the best UK information retrieval researchers?","The UKeiG Strix award is an annual award for outstanding contributions to the field of information retrieval and is presented in memory of Dr Tony Kent, a past Fellow of the Institute of Information Scientists (IIS), who died in 1997. Tony Kent made a major contribution to the development of information science and information services both in the UK and internationally, particularly in the field of chemistry. The name 'Strix' was chosen to reflect Tony's interest in ornithology, and as the name of the last and most successful information retrieval packages that he created.",2,null,"Who are the most influential British Information Retrieval researchers?","C. J. \"Keith\" van Rijsbergen FREng (Cornelis Joost van Rijsbergen) (born 1943) is a professor of computer science and the leader of the Glasgow Information Retrieval Group based at the University of Glasgow. He is one of the founders of modern Information Retrieval and the author of the seminal monograph Information Retrieval and of the textbook The Geometry of Information Retrieval.",2,null,"Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","The Information Retrieval Specialist Group (IRSG) or BCS-IRSG is a Specialist Group of the British Computer Society concerned with supporting communication between researchers and practitioners, promoting the use of Information Retrieval (IR) methods in industry and raising public awareness. There is a newsletter called The Informer, an annual European Conference (ECIR), and continual organisation and sponsorship of conferences, workshops and seminars. The current chair is Dr. Andy MacFarlane.",0,null,197,false,"104_3_CAR_72bf464d156c6485429279c622ba61228fc11312","CAR_72bf464d156c6485429279c622ba61228fc11312","104_3_CAR_c8e4f27dc2b21aa9dd62ec6a5604e61a4754e6d8","CAR_c8e4f27dc2b21aa9dd62ec6a5604e61a4754e6d8","104_3_CAR_d0f46cdf42e889d0632bc58b5153909092841764","CAR_d0f46cdf42e889d0632bc58b5153909092841764",null,"Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","CAR_72bf464d156c6485429279c622ba61228fc11312","104_3_CAR_72bf464d156c6485429279c622ba61228fc11312","The Information Retrieval Specialist Group (IRSG) or BCS-IRSG is a Specialist Group of the British Computer Society concerned with supporting communication between researchers and practitioners, promoting the use of Information Retrieval (IR) methods in industry and raising public awareness. There is a newsletter called The Informer, an annual European Conference (ECIR), and continual organisation and sponsorship of conferences, workshops and seminars. The current chair is Dr. Andy MacFarlane.",0]
["Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","104_3","Who are some of the most respected British information retrieval researchers?","Bruce Croft formed the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (CIIR) in 1991, since when he and his students have worked with more than 90 industry and government partners on research and technology projects and have produced more than 900 papers. Bruce Croft has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search. One of the most important areas of work for Croft  relates to ranking functions and retrieval models, where he has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling. In later years, Croft also led the way in the development of feature-based ranking functions. Croft and his research group have also developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago. These search engines are open source and offer unique capabilities that are not replicated in other research retrieval platforms source – consequently they are downloaded by hundreds of researchers world wide. As a consequence of his work, Croft is one of the most cited researchers in information retrieval.",0,null,"Who are some of the best UK information retrieval researchers?","Newman went on to manage a research team at the Xerox Research Centre Europe, Cambridge, UK. With Margery Eldridge and Mik Lamming he pursued a research project in Activity-Based Information Retrieval’ (AIR). The basic hypothesis of the project was that if contextual data about human activities can be automatically captured and later presented as recognisable descriptions of past episodes, then human memory of those past episodes can be improved.",0,null,"Who are the most influential British Information Retrieval researchers?","The Information Retrieval Specialist Group (IRSG) or BCS-IRSG is a Specialist Group of the British Computer Society concerned with supporting communication between researchers and practitioners, promoting the use of Information Retrieval (IR) methods in industry and raising public awareness. There is a newsletter called The Informer, an annual European Conference (ECIR), and continual organisation and sponsorship of conferences, workshops and seminars. The current chair is Dr. Andy MacFarlane.",0,null,"Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","C. J. \"Keith\" van Rijsbergen FREng (Cornelis Joost van Rijsbergen) (born 1943) is a professor of computer science and the leader of the Glasgow Information Retrieval Group based at the University of Glasgow. He is one of the founders of modern Information Retrieval and the author of the seminal monograph Information Retrieval and of the textbook The Geometry of Information Retrieval.",2,null,197,false,"104_3_CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","CAR_6bc70b9b945c37deeb718898b37ec8400b4d720c","104_3_CAR_7d5984a79705c71c6a9e0251a57e12c740374717","CAR_7d5984a79705c71c6a9e0251a57e12c740374717","104_3_CAR_72bf464d156c6485429279c622ba61228fc11312","CAR_72bf464d156c6485429279c622ba61228fc11312",null,"Who are some important British Information Retrieval researchers?","CAR_d0f46cdf42e889d0632bc58b5153909092841764","104_3_CAR_d0f46cdf42e889d0632bc58b5153909092841764","C. J. \"Keith\" van Rijsbergen FREng (Cornelis Joost van Rijsbergen) (born 1943) is a professor of computer science and the leader of the Glasgow Information Retrieval Group based at the University of Glasgow. He is one of the founders of modern Information Retrieval and the author of the seminal monograph Information Retrieval and of the textbook The Geometry of Information Retrieval.",2]
["What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","104_4","What value did Cyril Cleverdon's research have on the evaluation of data retrieval systems?","Cyril Cleverdon (9 September 1914 – 4 December 1997) was a British librarian and computer scientist who is best known for his work on the evaluation of information retrieval systems.",0,null,"What projects started by Cyril Cleverdon defined evaluation of information retrieval systems?","The Cranfield experiments were computer information retrieval experiments conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at Cranfield University in the 1960s, to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems.",1,null,"How did Cyril Cleverdon's research add to the evaluation of Information Retrieval Systems?","Cyril Cleverdon (9 September 1914 – 4 December 1997) was a British librarian and computer scientist who is best known for his work on the evaluation of information retrieval systems.",0,null,"What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","Cyril Cleverdon (9 September 1914 – 4 December 1997) was a British librarian and computer scientist who is best known for his work on the evaluation of information retrieval systems.",0,null,198,true,"104_4_CAR_8d9a125294600232c090191bbc3940ee443c376f","CAR_8d9a125294600232c090191bbc3940ee443c376f","104_4_CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","104_4_CAR_8d9a125294600232c090191bbc3940ee443c376f","CAR_8d9a125294600232c090191bbc3940ee443c376f",null,"What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","CAR_8d9a125294600232c090191bbc3940ee443c376f","104_4_CAR_8d9a125294600232c090191bbc3940ee443c376f","Cyril Cleverdon (9 September 1914 – 4 December 1997) was a British librarian and computer scientist who is best known for his work on the evaluation of information retrieval systems.",0]
["What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","104_4","What value did Cyril Cleverdon's research have on the evaluation of data retrieval systems?","The Cranfield experiments were computer information retrieval experiments conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at Cranfield University in the 1960s, to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems.",1,null,"What projects started by Cyril Cleverdon defined evaluation of information retrieval systems?","With the help of NSF funding, Cleverdon started a series of projects in 1957 that lasted for about 10 years in which he and his colleagues set the stage for information retrieval research. In the Cranfield project, retrieval experiments were conducted on test databases in a controlled, laboratory-like setting. The aim of the research was to improve the retrieval effectiveness of information retrieval systems, by developing better indexing languages and methods. The components of the experiments were:",2,null,"How did Cyril Cleverdon's research add to the evaluation of Information Retrieval Systems?","Cyril Cleverdon also ran, for many years, the Cranfield conferences, which provided a major international forum for discussion of ideas and research in information retrieval. This function was taken over by the SIGIR conferences in the 1970s.",0,null,"What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","The Cranfield experiments were computer information retrieval experiments conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at Cranfield University in the 1960s, to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems.",1,null,198,true,"104_4_CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","104_4_CAR_57d3ffe21cb7e7bc36695f05e6b102ce700c6864","CAR_57d3ffe21cb7e7bc36695f05e6b102ce700c6864","104_4_CAR_59e9c37b0b0865ffecd825fe109ebeb427cfdc47","CAR_59e9c37b0b0865ffecd825fe109ebeb427cfdc47",null,"What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","104_4_CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","The Cranfield experiments were computer information retrieval experiments conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at Cranfield University in the 1960s, to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems.",1]
["What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","104_4","What value did Cyril Cleverdon's research have on the evaluation of data retrieval systems?","Cyril Cleverdon also ran, for many years, the Cranfield conferences, which provided a major international forum for discussion of ideas and research in information retrieval. This function was taken over by the SIGIR conferences in the 1970s.",0,null,"What projects started by Cyril Cleverdon defined evaluation of information retrieval systems?","From 1988 onwards, he developed the CLARIT system, one of the first large scale information indexing and extraction systems based on syntactic language analysis and ontology discovery. The system has participated in the first Text REtrieval Conferences (TREC), in the multilingual CLEF (Cross Language Evaluation Forum), and in the Asian NTCIR] (NII Test Collection for IR Systems) Evaluations.",0,null,"How did Cyril Cleverdon's research add to the evaluation of Information Retrieval Systems?","Multimedia signal processing. In 1999 he became the Inaugural Chair of the Bell Canada Multimedia Systems Laboratory at the University of Toronto. Since then he contributed to the area of multimedia data mining and information retrieval by addressing two key technical challenges: a) the problem of similarity determination within the visual data domain, b) interactive learning of user intentions and automatic adjustment of system parameters for improved retrieval accuracy. He has developed still image and video retrieval systems that utilize color content queries. The system implements a new vector-based approach to image retrieval using an angular-based similarity measure. The developed scheme addresses the drawbacks of the histogram techniques, it is flexible, and outperforms established retrieval systems. He has also developed an interactive learning algorithm for resolving ambiguities arising due to the mismatch between machine-representation of images and human context-dependent interpretation of visual content. His proposed solution exploited feedback from the users during the retrieval sessions to adapt their query intentions and improve the accuracy of the retrieved results.",0,null,"What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","Cyril Cleverdon also ran, for many years, the Cranfield conferences, which provided a major international forum for discussion of ideas and research in information retrieval. This function was taken over by the SIGIR conferences in the 1970s.",0,null,198,true,"104_4_CAR_59e9c37b0b0865ffecd825fe109ebeb427cfdc47","CAR_59e9c37b0b0865ffecd825fe109ebeb427cfdc47","104_4_CAR_91501a4404cbdee37626e5b7d6b0e6a7031a6d03","CAR_91501a4404cbdee37626e5b7d6b0e6a7031a6d03","104_4_CAR_336774a9e44233dbf569f67a19b7fe62271ca6a4","CAR_336774a9e44233dbf569f67a19b7fe62271ca6a4",null,"What did Cyril Cleverdon's studies contribute to the evaluation of Information Retrieval systems?","CAR_59e9c37b0b0865ffecd825fe109ebeb427cfdc47","104_4_CAR_59e9c37b0b0865ffecd825fe109ebeb427cfdc47","Cyril Cleverdon also ran, for many years, the Cranfield conferences, which provided a major international forum for discussion of ideas and research in information retrieval. This function was taken over by the SIGIR conferences in the 1970s.",0]
["What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","104_5","How have researchers received the Cranfield experiment?","With the help of NSF funding, Cleverdon started a series of projects in 1957 that lasted for about 10 years in which he and his colleagues set the stage for information retrieval research. In the Cranfield project, retrieval experiments were conducted on test databases in a controlled, laboratory-like setting. The aim of the research was to improve the retrieval effectiveness of information retrieval systems, by developing better indexing languages and methods. The components of the experiments were:",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the basic negatives of the Cranfield project experiments?","With the help of NSF funding, Cleverdon started a series of projects in 1957 that lasted for about 10 years in which he and his colleagues set the stage for information retrieval research. In the Cranfield project, retrieval experiments were conducted on test databases in a controlled, laboratory-like setting. The aim of the research was to improve the retrieval effectiveness of information retrieval systems, by developing better indexing languages and methods. The components of the experiments were:",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the shortcomings of the Cranfield experiment?","To conduct such an experiment one requires at least two electrodes.  The working electrode, which makes contact with the analyte, must apply the desired potential in a controlled way and facilitate the transfer of charge to and from the analyte.  A second electrode acts as the other half of the cell.  This second electrode must have a known potential with which to gauge the potential of the working electrode, furthermore it must balance the charge added or removed by the working electrode.  While this is a viable setup, it has a number of shortcomings.  Most significantly, it is extremely difficult for an electrode to maintain a constant potential while passing current to counter redox events at the working electrode.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","One criticism voiced by Yasar Jarrar and Andy Neely from the Cranfield School of Management's Centre for Business Performance is that while Six Sigma is a powerful approach, it can also unduly dominate an organization's culture; and they add that much of the Six Sigma literature – in a remarkable way (six-sigma claims to be evidence, scientifically based) – lacks academic rigor:",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,199,false,"104_5_CAR_57d3ffe21cb7e7bc36695f05e6b102ce700c6864","CAR_57d3ffe21cb7e7bc36695f05e6b102ce700c6864","104_5_CAR_57d3ffe21cb7e7bc36695f05e6b102ce700c6864","CAR_57d3ffe21cb7e7bc36695f05e6b102ce700c6864","104_5_CAR_a085cae1293b9dc992708af6e9696bee639b9472","CAR_a085cae1293b9dc992708af6e9696bee639b9472",null,"What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","CAR_610482c966e5cf771ea6c68bf6c67c08aa332b35","104_5_CAR_610482c966e5cf771ea6c68bf6c67c08aa332b35","One criticism voiced by Yasar Jarrar and Andy Neely from the Cranfield School of Management's Centre for Business Performance is that while Six Sigma is a powerful approach, it can also unduly dominate an organization's culture; and they add that much of the Six Sigma literature – in a remarkable way (six-sigma claims to be evidence, scientifically based) – lacks academic rigor:",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","104_5","How have researchers received the Cranfield experiment?","At Cranfield, she first started her work using the explosives in fireworks by understanding the reactions taking place as well as making them safe for the public to use. Eventually, she was promoted to senior lecturer at Cranfield and became the head of the Centre for Defense Chemistry. Her research also is focused on polymer bonded explosives and their applications. During her tenure, she has received numerous research contracts from government organization, such as the Ministry of Defense UK, and also various corporate contracts from companies such as BAe Systems and MBDA. Most of her work, however, is secret due to the nature of her work and the application of her research will never be published.   In 2007, she was given a chair in explosive chemistry and is now the Head of the Center for Defense Chemistry. As of September 2014, her current research is focused on making it easier for government agencies to detect explosives during security screenings like the ones conducted at airports. The main focus of the this new research is developing viable ways to detect liquid and paste explosives.  Akhavan also helps to train government agencies in bomb recognition and detection to improve safety.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the basic negatives of the Cranfield project experiments?","Not only did Cleverdon's Cranfield studies introduce experimental research into computer science, the outcomes of the project also established the basis of the automatic indexing as done in today's search engines. Essentially, Cleverdon found that the use of single terms from the documents achieved the best retrieval performance, as opposed to manually assigned thesaurus terms, synonyms, etc. These results were very controversial at the time. In the Cranfield 2 Report, Cleverdon said:",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the shortcomings of the Cranfield experiment?","Important in the IR-tradition have been, among others, the Cranfield experiments, which were founded in the 1950s, and the TREC experiments (Text Retrieval Conferences) starting in 1992. It was the Cranfield experiments, which introduced the famous measures “recall” and “precision” as evaluation criteria for systems efficiency. The Cranfield experiments found that classification systems like UDC and facet-analytic systems were less efficient compared to free-text searches or low level indexing systems (“UNITERM”). The Cranfield I test found according to Ellis (1996, 3-6) the following results.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","Following protests from several NGOs, the German Government ordered a halt of the experiment. The environmentalists feared damage to marine ecosystem by an artificial algal bloom. The critics argued that long-term effects of ocean fertilization would not be detectable during short-term observation. Other critics feared the entry into large-scale manipulation of ecosystems with these large geo-engineering experiments. The German Government sent the proposal for scientific and legal reviews that were supportive of the project and the experiment was allowed to continue.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,199,false,"104_5_CAR_9ecc697e314fd4f28b5ab4c4501716726766a1bf","CAR_9ecc697e314fd4f28b5ab4c4501716726766a1bf","104_5_CAR_e073cdcae6993f6334946382ef0cfba7a23b31ce","CAR_e073cdcae6993f6334946382ef0cfba7a23b31ce","104_5_CAR_9189669ee5be07de29e784c88974679e56d380f5","CAR_9189669ee5be07de29e784c88974679e56d380f5",null,"What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","CAR_580b2631b1b68af3e2060f62b7704187875e22fc","104_5_CAR_580b2631b1b68af3e2060f62b7704187875e22fc","Following protests from several NGOs, the German Government ordered a halt of the experiment. The environmentalists feared damage to marine ecosystem by an artificial algal bloom. The critics argued that long-term effects of ocean fertilization would not be detectable during short-term observation. Other critics feared the entry into large-scale manipulation of ecosystems with these large geo-engineering experiments. The German Government sent the proposal for scientific and legal reviews that were supportive of the project and the experiment was allowed to continue.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","104_5","How have researchers received the Cranfield experiment?","The Cranfield experiments were computer information retrieval experiments conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at Cranfield University in the 1960s, to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the basic negatives of the Cranfield project experiments?","Important in the IR-tradition have been, among others, the Cranfield experiments, which were founded in the 1950s, and the TREC experiments (Text Retrieval Conferences) starting in 1992. It was the Cranfield experiments, which introduced the famous measures “recall” and “precision” as evaluation criteria for systems efficiency. The Cranfield experiments found that classification systems like UDC and facet-analytic systems were less efficient compared to free-text searches or low level indexing systems (“UNITERM”). The Cranfield I test found according to Ellis (1996, 3-6) the following results.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are the shortcomings of the Cranfield experiment?","Although the length of the runway means that Cranfield can handle commercial aircraft (up to 757-size), remaining infrastructure is not suitable for scheduled passenger flights or for the handling of such aircraft.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","The case has attracted criticism, both after the 2003 tests and the recent 2010 tests. Sanal Edamaruku, president of the Indian Rationalist Association, criticized the 2010 experiment for allowing Jani to move out of a certain CCTV camera's field of view, meet devotees and leave the sealed test room to sunbathe. Edamaruku stated that the regular gargling and bathing activities were not sufficiently monitored, and accused Jani of having had some \"influential protectors\" who denied Edamaruku permission to inspect the project during its operation.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,199,false,"104_5_CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","104_5_CAR_9189669ee5be07de29e784c88974679e56d380f5","CAR_9189669ee5be07de29e784c88974679e56d380f5","104_5_CAR_c62e1ff2cd33c5703d7096672e196801f51642ab","CAR_c62e1ff2cd33c5703d7096672e196801f51642ab",null,"What are some criticisms of the Cranfield project experiments?","CAR_ce8e8e6727181b6f58575f6d16c7fcc4f0ebca0c","104_5_CAR_ce8e8e6727181b6f58575f6d16c7fcc4f0ebca0c","The case has attracted criticism, both after the 2003 tests and the recent 2010 tests. Sanal Edamaruku, president of the Indian Rationalist Association, criticized the 2010 experiment for allowing Jani to move out of a certain CCTV camera's field of view, meet devotees and leave the sealed test room to sunbathe. Edamaruku stated that the regular gargling and bathing activities were not sufficiently monitored, and accused Jani of having had some \"influential protectors\" who denied Edamaruku permission to inspect the project during its operation.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","104_6","How has the Cranfield Experiment changed modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","Important in the IR-tradition have been, among others, the Cranfield experiments, which were founded in the 1950s, and the TREC experiments (Text Retrieval Conferences) starting in 1992. It was the Cranfield experiments, which introduced the famous measures “recall” and “precision” as evaluation criteria for systems efficiency. The Cranfield experiments found that classification systems like UDC and facet-analytic systems were less efficient compared to free-text searches or low level indexing systems (“UNITERM”). The Cranfield I test found according to Ellis (1996, 3-6) the following results.",2,null,"What are the effects of the Cranfield Experiments and their impact on modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","Important in the IR-tradition have been, among others, the Cranfield experiments, which were founded in the 1950s, and the TREC experiments (Text Retrieval Conferences) starting in 1992. It was the Cranfield experiments, which introduced the famous measures “recall” and “precision” as evaluation criteria for systems efficiency. The Cranfield experiments found that classification systems like UDC and facet-analytic systems were less efficient compared to free-text searches or low level indexing systems (“UNITERM”). The Cranfield I test found according to Ellis (1996, 3-6) the following results.",2,null,"Has modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives changed due to the Cranfield Experiments?","The information retrieval community has emphasized the use of test collections and benchmark tasks to measure topical relevance, starting with the Cranfield Experiments of the early 1960s and culminating in the TREC evaluations that continue to this day as the main evaluation framework for information retrieval research.",2,null,"How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","Important in the IR-tradition have been, among others, the Cranfield experiments, which were founded in the 1950s, and the TREC experiments (Text Retrieval Conferences) starting in 1992. It was the Cranfield experiments, which introduced the famous measures “recall” and “precision” as evaluation criteria for systems efficiency. The Cranfield experiments found that classification systems like UDC and facet-analytic systems were less efficient compared to free-text searches or low level indexing systems (“UNITERM”). The Cranfield I test found according to Ellis (1996, 3-6) the following results.",2,null,200,true,"104_6_CAR_9189669ee5be07de29e784c88974679e56d380f5","CAR_9189669ee5be07de29e784c88974679e56d380f5","104_6_CAR_9189669ee5be07de29e784c88974679e56d380f5","CAR_9189669ee5be07de29e784c88974679e56d380f5","104_6_CAR_99043d06b1bfa2a76bde2726e9edf7765fd3b72b","CAR_99043d06b1bfa2a76bde2726e9edf7765fd3b72b",null,"How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","CAR_9189669ee5be07de29e784c88974679e56d380f5","104_6_CAR_9189669ee5be07de29e784c88974679e56d380f5","Important in the IR-tradition have been, among others, the Cranfield experiments, which were founded in the 1950s, and the TREC experiments (Text Retrieval Conferences) starting in 1992. It was the Cranfield experiments, which introduced the famous measures “recall” and “precision” as evaluation criteria for systems efficiency. The Cranfield experiments found that classification systems like UDC and facet-analytic systems were less efficient compared to free-text searches or low level indexing systems (“UNITERM”). The Cranfield I test found according to Ellis (1996, 3-6) the following results.",2]
["How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","104_6","How has the Cranfield Experiment changed modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","Most modern IR systems employ a ranked retrieval model, in which the documents are scored based on the probability of the document's relevance to the query. In this model, the system only presents the top-ranked documents to the user. This systems are typically evaluated based on their mean average precision over a set of benchmark queries from organizations like the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC).",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are the effects of the Cranfield Experiments and their impact on modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","Cranfield University helped provide the research to evaluate the impact of Servator as part of its role to reduce the vulnerability of the national infrastructure to terrorism and other threats and to help protect public places. The most significant threat comes from international terrorism with its ambitions to mount high impact attacks combining mass casualties with substantial disruption to vital services such as energy, transport and communications.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Has modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives changed due to the Cranfield Experiments?","Important in the IR-tradition have been, among others, the Cranfield experiments, which were founded in the 1950s, and the TREC experiments (Text Retrieval Conferences) starting in 1992. It was the Cranfield experiments, which introduced the famous measures “recall” and “precision” as evaluation criteria for systems efficiency. The Cranfield experiments found that classification systems like UDC and facet-analytic systems were less efficient compared to free-text searches or low level indexing systems (“UNITERM”). The Cranfield I test found according to Ellis (1996, 3-6) the following results.",2,null,"How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","Not only did Cleverdon's Cranfield studies introduce experimental research into computer science, the outcomes of the project also established the basis of the automatic indexing as done in today's search engines. Essentially, Cleverdon found that the use of single terms from the documents achieved the best retrieval performance, as opposed to manually assigned thesaurus terms, synonyms, etc. These results were very controversial at the time. In the Cranfield 2 Report, Cleverdon said:",3,null,200,true,"104_6_CAR_18e711bcdc025128a71de691f36fa9222b4c8317","CAR_18e711bcdc025128a71de691f36fa9222b4c8317","104_6_CAR_599504138772a40b21f2b593724cf15420f609d5","CAR_599504138772a40b21f2b593724cf15420f609d5","104_6_CAR_9189669ee5be07de29e784c88974679e56d380f5","CAR_9189669ee5be07de29e784c88974679e56d380f5",null,"How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","CAR_e073cdcae6993f6334946382ef0cfba7a23b31ce","104_6_CAR_e073cdcae6993f6334946382ef0cfba7a23b31ce","Not only did Cleverdon's Cranfield studies introduce experimental research into computer science, the outcomes of the project also established the basis of the automatic indexing as done in today's search engines. Essentially, Cleverdon found that the use of single terms from the documents achieved the best retrieval performance, as opposed to manually assigned thesaurus terms, synonyms, etc. These results were very controversial at the time. In the Cranfield 2 Report, Cleverdon said:",3]
["How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","104_6","How has the Cranfield Experiment changed modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","In order to evaluate how well an information retrieval system retrieved topically relevant results, the relevance of retrieved results must be quantified. In Cranfield-style evaluations, this typically involves assigning a relevance level to each retrieved result, a process known as relevance assessment. Relevance levels can be binary (indicating a result is relevant or that it is not relevant), or graded (indicating results have a varying degree of match between the topic of the result and the information need).   Once relevance levels have been assigned to the retrieved results, information retrieval performance measures can be used to assess the quality of a retrieval system's output.",2,null,"What are the effects of the Cranfield Experiments and their impact on modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","The Cranfield experiments were computer information retrieval experiments conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at Cranfield University in the 1960s, to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems.",0,null,"Has modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives changed due to the Cranfield Experiments?","The Cranfield experiments were computer information retrieval experiments conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at Cranfield University in the 1960s, to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems.",0,null,"How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","The Cranfield experiments were computer information retrieval experiments conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at Cranfield University in the 1960s, to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems.",0,null,200,true,"104_6_CAR_f041a09c412533d214cc4756f05f05ed28f356c9","CAR_f041a09c412533d214cc4756f05f05ed28f356c9","104_6_CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","104_6_CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda",null,"How did the Cranfield Experiments influence modern information retrieval evaluation initiatives?","CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","104_6_CAR_5936a92f311a3d0c180c3161f5ab1494e3ad4eda","The Cranfield experiments were computer information retrieval experiments conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at Cranfield University in the 1960s, to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems.",0]
["What is TREC for information retrieval research?","104_7","Can you define TREC for information retrieval and its use?","Text Retrieval Conference. For other uses of TREC, see TREC (disambiguation). The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) is an ongoing series of workshops focusing on a list of different information retrieval (IR) research areas, or tracks.",2,null,"Tell me about TREC in the field of data retrieval.","The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) is an ongoing series of workshops focusing on a list of different information retrieval (IR) research areas, or tracks. It is co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (part of the office of the Director of National Intelligence), and began in 1992 as part of the TIPSTER Text program. Its purpose is to support and encourage research within the information retrieval community by providing the infrastructure necessary for large-scale evaluation of text retrieval methodologies and to increase the speed of lab-to-product transfer of technology.",4,null,"What is TREC? Who are the founders?","DESERTEC was developed by the Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy Cooperation (TREC), a voluntary organization founded in 2003 by the Club of Rome and the National Energy Research Center Jordan, made up of scientists and experts from across Europe, the Middle East and North Africa (EU-MENA). It is from this network that the DESERTEC Foundation later emerged as a non-profit organization tasked with promoting the DESERTEC solution around the world. Founding members of the foundation are the German Association of the Club of Rome, members of the network of scientists TREC as well as committed private supporters and long-time promoters of the DESERTEC idea. In 2009, the DESERTEC Foundation founded the Munich-based industrial initiative 'Dii GmbH' together with partners from the industrial and finance sectors. Its task is to accelerate the implementation of the DESERTEC Concept in the focus region EU-MENA.",0,null,"What is TREC for information retrieval research?","The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) is an ongoing series of workshops focusing on a list of different information retrieval (IR) research areas, or tracks. It is co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (part of the office of the Director of National Intelligence), and began in 1992 as part of the TIPSTER Text program. Its purpose is to support and encourage research within the information retrieval community by providing the infrastructure necessary for large-scale evaluation of text retrieval methodologies and to increase the speed of lab-to-product transfer of technology.",4,null,201,false,"104_7_MARCO_4593337","MARCO_4593337","104_7_CAR_fc8e2e752c00d2fb23716ebee18433e7a2f29bfc","CAR_fc8e2e752c00d2fb23716ebee18433e7a2f29bfc","104_7_CAR_be5cfef0b9f8055d2d8077f8bf2656ec5df84f71","CAR_be5cfef0b9f8055d2d8077f8bf2656ec5df84f71",null,"What is TREC for information retrieval research?","CAR_fc8e2e752c00d2fb23716ebee18433e7a2f29bfc","104_7_CAR_fc8e2e752c00d2fb23716ebee18433e7a2f29bfc","The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) is an ongoing series of workshops focusing on a list of different information retrieval (IR) research areas, or tracks. It is co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (part of the office of the Director of National Intelligence), and began in 1992 as part of the TIPSTER Text program. Its purpose is to support and encourage research within the information retrieval community by providing the infrastructure necessary for large-scale evaluation of text retrieval methodologies and to increase the speed of lab-to-product transfer of technology.",4]
["What is TREC for information retrieval research?","104_7","Can you define TREC for information retrieval and its use?","The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) is an ongoing series of workshops focusing on a list of different information retrieval (IR) research areas, or tracks. It is co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (part of the office of the Director of National Intelligence), and began in 1992 as part of the TIPSTER Text program. Its purpose is to support and encourage research within the information retrieval community by providing the infrastructure necessary for large-scale evaluation of text retrieval methodologies and to increase the speed of lab-to-product transfer of technology.",4,null,"Tell me about TREC in the field of data retrieval.","H5 has attracted positive attention for its promotion of common standards in the field of information retrieval, including its participation in the U.S. Government’s TREC Legal Track initiative, a research program of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) that  measures the accuracy of document review and search methods for e-discovery.  H5 was profiled in an October 2007 Forbes article noting the company’s prominent Advisory Board members and its 2007 Thought Leadership Summit that the company co-hosted with Georgetown Law. At that summit, United States Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer joined a panel discussion alongside H5 CEO Nicolas Economou and moderator Arthur R. Miller of Harvard Law School.",1,null,"What is TREC? Who are the founders?","In 1987, residents and others from the Aarti Hotel on Leavenworth Street founded the 509 Cultural Center at 509 Ellis Street. After the 1989 earthquake damaged that facility, artists founded The Luggage Store at 1007 Market, at the intersection of 6th Street, Market, Taylor and Golden Gate Avenue. In 1989 the Tenderloin Reflection and Education Center (TREC) spun off from St Anthony foundation and operated a cultural center including dance, music, writing quilting, and other arts workshops in the St. Boniface Neighborhood Center. Artists and activists such as Eric Ehn from the Iowa Writing Workshop and Theatre Artaud; Miya Masoaka, a recording artist with Asian Improv Records; Lucy Jane Bledsoe, published novelist and writer for the East Bay Express; Pearl Ubungen, choreographer; Ben Clarke, Founding Editor of Freedom Voices; and Maketa Groves, poet and published author at Curbstone Press; and Tenderloin resident and Athabaskan poet Mary TallMountain offered numerous free workshops. TREC and its publishing project Freedom Voices continue to offer workshops on an occasional basis at the Public Library, Hospitality House, the Faithful Fools and other locations in the neighborhood. Tender Leaves, the Center's literary journal was published from 1987 to 2006.",0,null,"What is TREC for information retrieval research?","Text Retrieval Conference. For other uses of TREC, see TREC (disambiguation). The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) is an ongoing series of workshops focusing on a list of different information retrieval (IR) research areas, or tracks.",2,null,201,false,"104_7_CAR_fc8e2e752c00d2fb23716ebee18433e7a2f29bfc","CAR_fc8e2e752c00d2fb23716ebee18433e7a2f29bfc","104_7_CAR_92af4c0d0617204094fac7ad67be65fd589e6312","CAR_92af4c0d0617204094fac7ad67be65fd589e6312","104_7_CAR_a1553503753128b5320450340e26a4cfe136f63c","CAR_a1553503753128b5320450340e26a4cfe136f63c",null,"What is TREC for information retrieval research?","MARCO_4593337","104_7_MARCO_4593337","Text Retrieval Conference. For other uses of TREC, see TREC (disambiguation). The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) is an ongoing series of workshops focusing on a list of different information retrieval (IR) research areas, or tracks.",2]
["What is TREC for information retrieval research?","104_7","Can you define TREC for information retrieval and its use?","The TREC Genomics track was a workshop held under the auspices of NIST for the purpose of evaluating systems for information retrieval and related technologies in the genomics domain.  The TREC Genomics track took place annually from 2003 to 2007, with some modifications to the task set every year; tasks included information retrieval, document classification, GeneRIF prediction, and question answering.",1,null,"Tell me about TREC in the field of data retrieval.","Text Retrieval Conference. For other uses of TREC, see TREC (disambiguation). The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) is an ongoing series of workshops focusing on a list of different information retrieval (IR) research areas, or tracks.",2,null,"What is TREC? Who are the founders?","The DESERTEC concept was originated with Dr Gerhard Knies, a German particle physicist and founder of the Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy Cooperation (TREC) network of researchers. In 1986, in the wake of the Chernobyl nuclear accident, he was searching for a potential alternative source of clean energy and arrived at the following remarkable conclusion: in just six hours, the world's deserts receive more energy from the sun than humankind consumes in a year. The DESERTEC concept was developed further by TREC – an international network of scientists, experts and politicians from the field of  renewable energies – founded in 2003 by the Club of Rome and the National Energy Research Center Jordan. One of the most famous members was Prince Hassan bin Talal of Jordan. In 2009, TREC emerged to the non-profit DESERTEC Foundation.",0,null,"What is TREC for information retrieval research?","In 1992, the US Department of Defense along with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), cosponsored the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC) as part of the TIPSTER text program. The aim of this was to look into the information retrieval community by supplying the infrastructure that was needed for evaluation of text retrieval methodologies on a very large text collection. This catalyzed research on methods that scale to huge corpora. The introduction of web search engines has boosted the need for very large scale retrieval systems even further.",3,null,201,false,"104_7_CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6","CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6","104_7_MARCO_4593337","MARCO_4593337","104_7_CAR_73953e11e0fbb75af2b93933e7b69db137138e38","CAR_73953e11e0fbb75af2b93933e7b69db137138e38",null,"What is TREC for information retrieval research?","CAR_e8c23427635f085ca5a8a449bb69316c9897d948","104_7_CAR_e8c23427635f085ca5a8a449bb69316c9897d948","In 1992, the US Department of Defense along with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), cosponsored the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC) as part of the TIPSTER text program. The aim of this was to look into the information retrieval community by supplying the infrastructure that was needed for evaluation of text retrieval methodologies on a very large text collection. This catalyzed research on methods that scale to huge corpora. The introduction of web search engines has boosted the need for very large scale retrieval systems even further.",3]
["What are some recent TREC tasks?","104_8","Can you tell me about some new TREC tasks?","The test collections developed at TREC are useful not just for (potentially) helping researchers advance the state of the art, but also for allowing developers of new (commercial) retrieval products to evaluate their effectiveness on standard tests.  In the past decade, TREC has created new tests for enterprise e-mail search, genomics search, spam filtering, e-Discovery, and several other retrieval domains.",1,null,"What are some new tasks at TREC?","The TREC Genomics track was a workshop held under the auspices of NIST for the purpose of evaluating systems for information retrieval and related technologies in the genomics domain.  The TREC Genomics track took place annually from 2003 to 2007, with some modifications to the task set every year; tasks included information retrieval, document classification, GeneRIF prediction, and question answering.",0,null,"What are some novel tasks in TREC?","The TREC Genomics track was a workshop held under the auspices of NIST for the purpose of evaluating systems for information retrieval and related technologies in the genomics domain.  The TREC Genomics track took place annually from 2003 to 2007, with some modifications to the task set every year; tasks included information retrieval, document classification, GeneRIF prediction, and question answering.",0,null,"What are some recent TREC tasks?","The TREC Genomics track was a workshop held under the auspices of NIST for the purpose of evaluating systems for information retrieval and related technologies in the genomics domain.  The TREC Genomics track took place annually from 2003 to 2007, with some modifications to the task set every year; tasks included information retrieval, document classification, GeneRIF prediction, and question answering.",0,null,202,true,"104_8_CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a","CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a","104_8_CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6","CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6","104_8_CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6","CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6",null,"What are some recent TREC tasks?","CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6","104_8_CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6","The TREC Genomics track was a workshop held under the auspices of NIST for the purpose of evaluating systems for information retrieval and related technologies in the genomics domain.  The TREC Genomics track took place annually from 2003 to 2007, with some modifications to the task set every year; tasks included information retrieval, document classification, GeneRIF prediction, and question answering.",0]
["What are some recent TREC tasks?","104_8","Can you tell me about some new TREC tasks?","The TREC Genomics track was a workshop held under the auspices of NIST for the purpose of evaluating systems for information retrieval and related technologies in the genomics domain.  The TREC Genomics track took place annually from 2003 to 2007, with some modifications to the task set every year; tasks included information retrieval, document classification, GeneRIF prediction, and question answering.",0,null,"What are some new tasks at TREC?","The test collections developed at TREC are useful not just for (potentially) helping researchers advance the state of the art, but also for allowing developers of new (commercial) retrieval products to evaluate their effectiveness on standard tests.  In the past decade, TREC has created new tests for enterprise e-mail search, genomics search, spam filtering, e-Discovery, and several other retrieval domains.",1,null,"What are some novel tasks in TREC?","The test collections developed at TREC are useful not just for (potentially) helping researchers advance the state of the art, but also for allowing developers of new (commercial) retrieval products to evaluate their effectiveness on standard tests.  In the past decade, TREC has created new tests for enterprise e-mail search, genomics search, spam filtering, e-Discovery, and several other retrieval domains.",1,null,"What are some recent TREC tasks?","The test collections developed at TREC are useful not just for (potentially) helping researchers advance the state of the art, but also for allowing developers of new (commercial) retrieval products to evaluate their effectiveness on standard tests.  In the past decade, TREC has created new tests for enterprise e-mail search, genomics search, spam filtering, e-Discovery, and several other retrieval domains.",1,null,202,true,"104_8_CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6","CAR_98887c516fa3ffae58b24673e5da0ffdc2d2b4c6","104_8_CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a","CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a","104_8_CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a","CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a",null,"What are some recent TREC tasks?","CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a","104_8_CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a","The test collections developed at TREC are useful not just for (potentially) helping researchers advance the state of the art, but also for allowing developers of new (commercial) retrieval products to evaluate their effectiveness on standard tests.  In the past decade, TREC has created new tests for enterprise e-mail search, genomics search, spam filtering, e-Discovery, and several other retrieval domains.",1]
["What are some recent TREC tasks?","104_8","Can you tell me about some new TREC tasks?","TREC wants to clear up any confusion about the recently adopted amendments re... Information About Brokerage Services (IABS) & Consumer Protection Notice The IABS and Consumer Protection Notice are required by Texas law. New TREC Website Launched Designed with the user in mind to enhance online interaction with the agency.",0,null,"What are some new tasks at TREC?","TREC s mission as a state agency is to protect consumers from illegal real estate transactions; to provide for the availability of competent real estate professionals; and to encourage a robust economic climate that will enhance home ownership and property investment.uestions having to do with The Texas Real Estate License Act and applicable rules may be directed to TREC (512-459-6544). Remember, real estate brokers and salespersons are explicitly prohibited from engaging in the practice of law, unless they are also licensed as an attorney.",0,null,"What are some novel tasks in TREC?","TREC s mission as a state agency is to protect consumers from illegal real estate transactions; to provide for the availability of competent real estate professionals; and to encourage a robust economic climate that will enhance home ownership and property investment.uestions having to do with The Texas Real Estate License Act and applicable rules may be directed to TREC (512-459-6544). Remember, real estate brokers and salespersons are explicitly prohibited from engaging in the practice of law, unless they are also licensed as an attorney.",0,null,"What are some recent TREC tasks?","TREC wants to clear up any confusion about the recently adopted amendments re... Information About Brokerage Services (IABS) & Consumer Protection Notice The IABS and Consumer Protection Notice are required by Texas law. New TREC Website Launched Designed with the user in mind to enhance online interaction with the agency.",0,null,202,true,"104_8_MARCO_4593331","MARCO_4593331","104_8_MARCO_4999486","MARCO_4999486","104_8_MARCO_4999486","MARCO_4999486",null,"What are some recent TREC tasks?","MARCO_4593331","104_8_MARCO_4593331","TREC wants to clear up any confusion about the recently adopted amendments re... Information About Brokerage Services (IABS) & Consumer Protection Notice The IABS and Consumer Protection Notice are required by Texas law. New TREC Website Launched Designed with the user in mind to enhance online interaction with the agency.",0]
["e-Discovery?  What's that?","104_9","How can people learn more about e-Discovery?","This is an introductory course for persons entering the e-discovery field and professionals who would like to broaden their knowledge of the e-discovery process. Learn more about E-Discovery Essentials. ACEDS offers on-demand pre-recorded virtual training by top experts on crucial aspects of e-discovery.",0,null,"What's the concept behind e-Discovery?","The Electronic Discovery Reference Model (EDRM) is a ubiquitous diagram that represents a conceptual view of these stages involved in the e-discovery process.",0,null,"What is e-discovery? What is it all about?","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network.",4,null,"e-Discovery?  What's that?","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Share this item with your network: Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network.",3,null,203,false,"104_9_MARCO_3502490","MARCO_3502490","104_9_CAR_d6b0d628b6deadb1bb4e38b62e523e39ebc00ce6","CAR_d6b0d628b6deadb1bb4e38b62e523e39ebc00ce6","104_9_MARCO_7632930","MARCO_7632930",null,"e-Discovery?  What's that?","MARCO_8114523","104_9_MARCO_8114523","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Share this item with your network: Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network.",3]
["e-Discovery?  What's that?","104_9","How can people learn more about e-Discovery?","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network. Court-ordered or government sanctioned hacking for the purpose of obtaining critical evidence is also a type of e-discovery.",4,null,"What's the concept behind e-Discovery?","Stages of process. The Electronic Discovery Reference Model (EDRM) is a ubiquitous diagram that represents a conceptual view of these stages involved in the e-discovery process.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What is e-discovery? What is it all about?","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Share this item with your network: Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network.",3,null,"e-Discovery?  What's that?","Electronic discovery (also E-discovery or ediscovery) refers to discovery in legal proceedings such as litigation, government investigations, or Freedom of Information Act requests, where the information sought is in electronic format (often referred to as electronically stored information or ESI).  Electronic discovery is subject to rules of civil procedure and agreed-upon processes, often involving review for privilege and relevance before data are turned over to the requesting party.",4,null,203,false,"104_9_MARCO_3438024","MARCO_3438024","104_9_MARCO_3865779","MARCO_3865779","104_9_MARCO_8114523","MARCO_8114523",null,"e-Discovery?  What's that?","CAR_31d5f3d13c01fa9b1cdf6a5885d37a457da9c9e7","104_9_CAR_31d5f3d13c01fa9b1cdf6a5885d37a457da9c9e7","Electronic discovery (also E-discovery or ediscovery) refers to discovery in legal proceedings such as litigation, government investigations, or Freedom of Information Act requests, where the information sought is in electronic format (often referred to as electronically stored information or ESI).  Electronic discovery is subject to rules of civil procedure and agreed-upon processes, often involving review for privilege and relevance before data are turned over to the requesting party.",4]
["e-Discovery?  What's that?","104_9","How can people learn more about e-Discovery?","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network.",4,null,"What's the concept behind e-Discovery?","Electronic discovery (also E-discovery or ediscovery) refers to discovery in legal proceedings such as litigation, government investigations, or Freedom of Information Act requests, where the information sought is in electronic format (often referred to as electronically stored information or ESI).  Electronic discovery is subject to rules of civil procedure and agreed-upon processes, often involving review for privilege and relevance before data are turned over to the requesting party.",4,null,"What is e-discovery? What is it all about?","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network. Court-ordered or government sanctioned hacking for the purpose of obtaining critical evidence is also a type of e-discovery.",4,null,"e-Discovery?  What's that?","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network.",4,null,203,false,"104_9_MARCO_7632930","MARCO_7632930","104_9_CAR_31d5f3d13c01fa9b1cdf6a5885d37a457da9c9e7","CAR_31d5f3d13c01fa9b1cdf6a5885d37a457da9c9e7","104_9_MARCO_3438024","MARCO_3438024",null,"e-Discovery?  What's that?","MARCO_7632930","104_9_MARCO_7632930","electronic discovery (e-discovery or ediscovery) Electronic discovery (also called e-discovery or ediscovery) refers to any process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case. E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network.",4]
["What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","104_10","What are the important elements for test collection? What are their characteristics?","An important characteristic of traditional placement tests is the predominance of the multiple choice question, which may reduce the value of testing as an indicator of overall performance.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the common aspects of an information retrieval test collection?","Together, these components form an information retrieval test collection. The test collection serves as a standard for testing retrieval approaches, and the success of each approach is measured in terms of two measures: precision and recall. Test collections and evaluation measures based on precision and recall are driving forces behind modern research on search systems. Cleverdon's approach formed a blueprint for the successful Text Retrieval Conference series that began in 1992.",0,null,"What characteristics best describe an information retrieval test collection?","Together, these components form an information retrieval test collection. The test collection serves as a standard for testing retrieval approaches, and the success of each approach is measured in terms of two measures: precision and recall. Test collections and evaluation measures based on precision and recall are driving forces behind modern research on search systems. Cleverdon's approach formed a blueprint for the successful Text Retrieval Conference series that began in 1992.",0,null,"What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","Together, these components form an information retrieval test collection. The test collection serves as a standard for testing retrieval approaches, and the success of each approach is measured in terms of two measures: precision and recall. Test collections and evaluation measures based on precision and recall are driving forces behind modern research on search systems. Cleverdon's approach formed a blueprint for the successful Text Retrieval Conference series that began in 1992.",0,null,204,true,"104_10_CAR_0fccf9517fafaaf1d674e9f02176c27376d85947","CAR_0fccf9517fafaaf1d674e9f02176c27376d85947","104_10_CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","104_10_CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7",null,"What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","104_10_CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","Together, these components form an information retrieval test collection. The test collection serves as a standard for testing retrieval approaches, and the success of each approach is measured in terms of two measures: precision and recall. Test collections and evaluation measures based on precision and recall are driving forces behind modern research on search systems. Cleverdon's approach formed a blueprint for the successful Text Retrieval Conference series that began in 1992.",0]
["What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","104_10","What are the important elements for test collection? What are their characteristics?","Chemical properties include the flammability and oxidation of a substance. Characteristic properties are important because they help to identify individual elements or groups of elements. For example, there are specific physical and chemical properties associated with metals and non-metals.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the common aspects of an information retrieval test collection?","HCIR includes various aspects of IR and HCI. These include exploratory search, in which users generally combine querying and browsing strategies to foster learning and investigation; information retrieval in context (i.e., taking into account aspects of the user or environment that are typically not reflected in a query); and interactive information retrieval, which Peter Ingwersen defines as \"the interactive communication processes that occur during the retrieval of information by involving all the major participants in information retrieval (IR), i.e. the user, the intermediary, and the IR system.\"",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What characteristics best describe an information retrieval test collection?","The information retrieval community has emphasized the use of test collections and benchmark tasks to measure topical relevance, starting with the Cranfield Experiments of the early 1960s and culminating in the TREC evaluations that continue to this day as the main evaluation framework for information retrieval research.",0,null,"What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","In areas of information retrieval, a Web track was integrated as a component in the community’s TREC evaluation initiative. The sample of the Web used for this exercise amount to around 100GB, compromising of largely documents in the .gov top level domain.",0,null,204,true,"104_10_MARCO_7335482","MARCO_7335482","104_10_CAR_438c673e3b63bec01ed7d8b9062bb95f1c4935e5","CAR_438c673e3b63bec01ed7d8b9062bb95f1c4935e5","104_10_CAR_99043d06b1bfa2a76bde2726e9edf7765fd3b72b","CAR_99043d06b1bfa2a76bde2726e9edf7765fd3b72b",null,"What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","CAR_c8b6db8bad7144037c0ad847e1c7468655e1a6cc","104_10_CAR_c8b6db8bad7144037c0ad847e1c7468655e1a6cc","In areas of information retrieval, a Web track was integrated as a component in the community’s TREC evaluation initiative. The sample of the Web used for this exercise amount to around 100GB, compromising of largely documents in the .gov top level domain.",0]
["What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","104_10","What are the important elements for test collection? What are their characteristics?","At this time, he was able to identify the different characteristics and properties of the two elements. Additional Information and Other Important Details. Potassium is a very important element because it helps improve our health conditions. Medical experts agree that this alkali metal is necessary for our survival.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the common aspects of an information retrieval test collection?","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",2,null,"What characteristics best describe an information retrieval test collection?","The test collections developed at TREC are useful not just for (potentially) helping researchers advance the state of the art, but also for allowing developers of new (commercial) retrieval products to evaluate their effectiveness on standard tests.  In the past decade, TREC has created new tests for enterprise e-mail search, genomics search, spam filtering, e-Discovery, and several other retrieval domains.",0,null,"What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","The information retrieval community has emphasized the use of test collections and benchmark tasks to measure topical relevance, starting with the Cranfield Experiments of the early 1960s and culminating in the TREC evaluations that continue to this day as the main evaluation framework for information retrieval research.",0,null,204,true,"104_10_MARCO_4002467","MARCO_4002467","104_10_CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","104_10_CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a","CAR_14ad79757fc328eef8c44b779c7751565428000a",null,"What are the important components of an information retrieval test collection?","CAR_99043d06b1bfa2a76bde2726e9edf7765fd3b72b","104_10_CAR_99043d06b1bfa2a76bde2726e9edf7765fd3b72b","The information retrieval community has emphasized the use of test collections and benchmark tasks to measure topical relevance, starting with the Cranfield Experiments of the early 1960s and culminating in the TREC evaluations that continue to this day as the main evaluation framework for information retrieval research.",0]
["What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","104_11","What is the benchmark for evaluating music information retrieval?","The Music Information Retrieval Evaluation eXchange (MIREX) is an annual evaluation campaign for MIR algorithms, coupled to the ISMIR conference. Since it started in 2005, MIREX has fostered advancements both in specific areas of MIR and in the general understanding of how MIR systems and algorithms are to be evaluated. MIREX is to the MIR community what the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC) is to the text information retrieval community: A set of community-defined formal evaluations through which a wide variety of state-of-the-art systems, algorithms and techniques are evaluated under controlled conditions. MIREX is managed by the International Music Information Retrieval Systems Evaluation Laboratory (IMIRSEL) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC).",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What criteria should music information retrieval be measured against?","Musical audio mining (also known as music information retrieval) relates to the identification of perceptually important characteristics of a piece of music such as melodic, harmonic or rhythmic structure. Searches can then be carried out to find pieces of music that are similar in terms of their melodic, harmonic and/or rhythmic characteristics.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What is the evaluation metric for music information retrieval?","The Music Information Retrieval Evaluation eXchange (MIREX) is an annual evaluation campaign for MIR algorithms, coupled to the ISMIR conference. Since it started in 2005, MIREX has fostered advancements both in specific areas of MIR and in the general understanding of how MIR systems and algorithms are to be evaluated. MIREX is to the MIR community what the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC) is to the text information retrieval community: A set of community-defined formal evaluations through which a wide variety of state-of-the-art systems, algorithms and techniques are evaluated under controlled conditions. MIREX is managed by the International Music Information Retrieval Systems Evaluation Laboratory (IMIRSEL) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC).",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","The Music Information Retrieval Evaluation eXchange (MIREX) is an annual evaluation campaign for MIR algorithms, coupled to the ISMIR conference. Since it started in 2005, MIREX has fostered advancements both in specific areas of MIR and in the general understanding of how MIR systems and algorithms are to be evaluated. MIREX is to the MIR community what the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC) is to the text information retrieval community: A set of community-defined formal evaluations through which a wide variety of state-of-the-art systems, algorithms and techniques are evaluated under controlled conditions. MIREX is managed by the International Music Information Retrieval Systems Evaluation Laboratory (IMIRSEL) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC).",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,205,false,"104_11_CAR_3fb859254df23c2fffbf04c7aae48f2e43673182","CAR_3fb859254df23c2fffbf04c7aae48f2e43673182","104_11_CAR_70739d3199ea3ea2b2f79a2e53a1d0cf803c4dda","CAR_70739d3199ea3ea2b2f79a2e53a1d0cf803c4dda","104_11_CAR_3fb859254df23c2fffbf04c7aae48f2e43673182","CAR_3fb859254df23c2fffbf04c7aae48f2e43673182",null,"What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","CAR_3fb859254df23c2fffbf04c7aae48f2e43673182","104_11_CAR_3fb859254df23c2fffbf04c7aae48f2e43673182","The Music Information Retrieval Evaluation eXchange (MIREX) is an annual evaluation campaign for MIR algorithms, coupled to the ISMIR conference. Since it started in 2005, MIREX has fostered advancements both in specific areas of MIR and in the general understanding of how MIR systems and algorithms are to be evaluated. MIREX is to the MIR community what the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC) is to the text information retrieval community: A set of community-defined formal evaluations through which a wide variety of state-of-the-art systems, algorithms and techniques are evaluated under controlled conditions. MIREX is managed by the International Music Information Retrieval Systems Evaluation Laboratory (IMIRSEL) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC).",{"$error":"#N/A"},2]
["What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","104_11","What is the benchmark for evaluating music information retrieval?","The Networked Environment for Music Analysis (NEMA) is a project for music information processing. The goal is to create an open and extensible web-service based resource framework for music information processing and retrieval.The work is performed at the International Music Information Retrieval Systems Evaluation Laboratory (IMIRSEL).",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What criteria should music information retrieval be measured against?","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What is the evaluation metric for music information retrieval?","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","For the first time, in October 2006, there is going to be a Score Following evaluation during the second Music Information Retrieval Evaluation eXchange (MIREX). It is expected that most systems participate and compete in live musical situations and the results be announced in public domain.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,205,false,"104_11_CAR_9a6dbd7e2f95fa4094c865a1d3f9013f65124887","CAR_9a6dbd7e2f95fa4094c865a1d3f9013f65124887","104_11_CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","104_11_CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa",null,"What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","CAR_847e8de6902c5be1864e32e92020f1c31582fa77","104_11_CAR_847e8de6902c5be1864e32e92020f1c31582fa77","For the first time, in October 2006, there is going to be a Score Following evaluation during the second Music Information Retrieval Evaluation eXchange (MIREX). It is expected that most systems participate and compete in live musical situations and the results be announced in public domain.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","104_11","What is the benchmark for evaluating music information retrieval?","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What criteria should music information retrieval be measured against?","Together, these components form an information retrieval test collection. The test collection serves as a standard for testing retrieval approaches, and the success of each approach is measured in terms of two measures: precision and recall. Test collections and evaluation measures based on precision and recall are driving forces behind modern research on search systems. Cleverdon's approach formed a blueprint for the successful Text Retrieval Conference series that began in 1992.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What is the evaluation metric for music information retrieval?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,"What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},null,205,false,"104_11_CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","104_11_CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","104_11_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c",null,"What about evaluation benchmarks for music information retrieval?","CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","104_11_CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0]
["What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","104_12","What metrics are used to test web search engines' effectiveness?","A number of metrics are available to marketers interested in search engine optimization. Google, Moz, Majestic and Ahrefs all use their own crawled data to derive at a numeric conclusion on a website's organic search potential. Since these metrics can be manipulated, they can never be completely reliable for accurate and truthful results.",0,null,"How are web search engines evaluated?","A search engine evaluator must possess general computer skills. A search engine evaluator determines how well websites match key words entered into a search engine.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are the evaluation metrics for web search engines?","Virtually all modern evaluation metrics (e.g., mean average precision, discounted cumulative gain) are designed for ranked retrieval without any explicit rank cutoff, taking into account the relative order of the documents retrieved by the search engines and giving more weight to documents returned at higher ranks.",2,null,"What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",2,null,206,true,"104_12_CAR_8c84e0902afc35469ba68f92d9b0d9765d778204","CAR_8c84e0902afc35469ba68f92d9b0d9765d778204","104_12_MARCO_1953742","MARCO_1953742","104_12_CAR_f395f64260c6e48b2a4b7a04a488873d136ff5e9","CAR_f395f64260c6e48b2a4b7a04a488873d136ff5e9",null,"What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","104_12_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",2]
["What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","104_12","What metrics are used to test web search engines' effectiveness?","Online metrics are generally created from data mined from search logs. The metrics are often used to determine the success of an A/B test.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How are web search engines evaluated?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",2,null,"What are the evaluation metrics for web search engines?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",2,null,"What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",3,null,206,true,"104_12_CAR_b1b483467330e7cccb5480952fb4501c29869e38","CAR_b1b483467330e7cccb5480952fb4501c29869e38","104_12_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","104_12_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c",null,"What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","104_12_CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",3]
["What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","104_12","What metrics are used to test web search engines' effectiveness?","Academic search engines enable researchers to find academic literature and are used to obtain citation data for calculating performance metrics such as the H-index and impact factor. Researchers from the University of California, Berkeley and OvGU demonstrated that most (web-based) academic search engines, especially Google Scholar, are not capable of identifying spam attacks. The researchers manipulated the citation counts of articles, and managed to make Google Scholar index complete fake articles, some containing advertising.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How are web search engines evaluated?","These 10 facts about space will blow your mind. A search engine evaluator usually works from home as a telecommuter and helps analyze a search engine's results. He determines how relevant a results page is for a specific search term and helps the search engine provider offer more helpful results for users. To become a search engine evaluator, you likely will need to be in college or have a completed bachelor's or master's degree.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What are the evaluation metrics for web search engines?","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",3,null,"What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","In order to evaluate how easily information can be found by searching a site using a search engine or information retrieval system, retrievability measures were developed, and similarly, navigability measures now measure ease of information access through browsing a site (e.g. PageRank, MNav, InfoScent (see Information Foraging), etc.).",0,null,206,true,"104_12_CAR_77c43330e7544253625fb561f3a9be5c4e685d44","CAR_77c43330e7544253625fb561f3a9be5c4e685d44","104_12_MARCO_1953747","MARCO_1953747","104_12_CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa",null,"What are important evaluation measures for web search engines?","CAR_4d1ede99a70b3d3417f90615f70f97d268146bb4","104_12_CAR_4d1ede99a70b3d3417f90615f70f97d268146bb4","In order to evaluate how easily information can be found by searching a site using a search engine or information retrieval system, retrievability measures were developed, and similarly, navigability measures now measure ease of information access through browsing a site (e.g. PageRank, MNav, InfoScent (see Information Foraging), etc.).",0]
["What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","104_13","How are search engines evaluated using online testing measures?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",1,null,"What are the best online evaluation benchmark for web search?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",1,null,"What are the online testing metrics for web search?","Online metrics are generally created from data mined from search logs. The metrics are often used to determine the success of an A/B test.",1,null,"What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","Evaluation is important in assessing the effectiveness of recommendation algorithms. The commonly used metrics are the mean squared error and root mean squared error, the latter having been used in the Netflix Prize. The information retrieval metrics such as precision and recall or DCG are useful to assess the quality of a recommendation method. Recently, diversity, novelty, and coverage are also considered as important aspects in evaluation. However, many of the classic evaluation measures are highly criticized. Often, results of so-called offline evaluations do not correlate with actually assessed user-satisfaction. The authors conclude \"we would suggest treating results of offline evaluations [i.e. classic performance measures] with skepticism\".",0,null,207,false,"104_13_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","104_13_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","104_13_CAR_b1b483467330e7cccb5480952fb4501c29869e38","CAR_b1b483467330e7cccb5480952fb4501c29869e38",null,"What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","CAR_3eec7365ee0a9d4f35187941cfc5732b1d0235ee","104_13_CAR_3eec7365ee0a9d4f35187941cfc5732b1d0235ee","Evaluation is important in assessing the effectiveness of recommendation algorithms. The commonly used metrics are the mean squared error and root mean squared error, the latter having been used in the Netflix Prize. The information retrieval metrics such as precision and recall or DCG are useful to assess the quality of a recommendation method. Recently, diversity, novelty, and coverage are also considered as important aspects in evaluation. However, many of the classic evaluation measures are highly criticized. Often, results of so-called offline evaluations do not correlate with actually assessed user-satisfaction. The authors conclude \"we would suggest treating results of offline evaluations [i.e. classic performance measures] with skepticism\".",0]
["What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","104_13","How are search engines evaluated using online testing measures?","Together, these components form an information retrieval test collection. The test collection serves as a standard for testing retrieval approaches, and the success of each approach is measured in terms of two measures: precision and recall. Test collections and evaluation measures based on precision and recall are driving forces behind modern research on search systems. Cleverdon's approach formed a blueprint for the successful Text Retrieval Conference series that began in 1992.",0,null,"What are the best online evaluation benchmark for web search?","We also tested using Oort Onlineâ€™s graphics benchmark as well as the standardized HTML5testâ€”which is not so much a benchmark, but an evaluation of how compatible a browser is with the HTML5 standard for Web development.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the online testing metrics for web search?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",1,null,"What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","Virtually all modern evaluation metrics (e.g., mean average precision, discounted cumulative gain) are designed for ranked retrieval without any explicit rank cutoff, taking into account the relative order of the documents retrieved by the search engines and giving more weight to documents returned at higher ranks.",0,null,207,false,"104_13_CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","CAR_f33ab18d9f433da1dd64162661d0a4a86b1018b7","104_13_MARCO_7196602","MARCO_7196602","104_13_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c",null,"What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","CAR_f395f64260c6e48b2a4b7a04a488873d136ff5e9","104_13_CAR_f395f64260c6e48b2a4b7a04a488873d136ff5e9","Virtually all modern evaluation metrics (e.g., mean average precision, discounted cumulative gain) are designed for ranked retrieval without any explicit rank cutoff, taking into account the relative order of the documents retrieved by the search engines and giving more weight to documents returned at higher ranks.",0]
["What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","104_13","How are search engines evaluated using online testing measures?","The evaluation of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well a system meets the information needs of its users. Traditional evaluation metrics, designed for Boolean retrieval or top-k retrieval, include precision and recall.  Many more measures for evaluating the performance of information retrieval systems have also been proposed. In general, measurement considers a collection of documents to be searched and a search query. All common measures described here assume a ground truth notion of relevancy: every document is known to be either relevant or non-relevant to a particular query. In practice, queries may be ill-posed and there may be different shades of relevancy.",0,null,"What are the best online evaluation benchmark for web search?","Goldstuck established the first benchmarks for web strategy and web site evaluation in South Africa, and leads a team of usability experts that advises on web site usability and strategy. He represented South Africa as a judge for the Interactive category of the Cannes International Advertising Festival in France in June 2002, and as a judge in the online category of the 2003 London International Advertising Festival.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"What are the online testing metrics for web search?","A number of metrics are available to marketers interested in search engine optimization. Google, Moz, Majestic and Ahrefs all use their own crawled data to derive at a numeric conclusion on a website's organic search potential. Since these metrics can be manipulated, they can never be completely reliable for accurate and truthful results.",0,null,"What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",1,null,207,false,"104_13_CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","CAR_cef18912f5c9b7c722a3cf83451a2222f7520afa","104_13_CAR_1dae708e2ab6efcca66c8491aeb00d1adc38689a","CAR_1dae708e2ab6efcca66c8491aeb00d1adc38689a","104_13_CAR_8c84e0902afc35469ba68f92d9b0d9765d778204","CAR_8c84e0902afc35469ba68f92d9b0d9765d778204",null,"What are important online evaluation metrics for web search?","CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","104_13_CAR_9216a9e7f10d9ee6aca35f5647ecc5949ba3bd0c","The evaluation measures of an information retrieval system is the process of assessing how well the search results satisfied the user's query intent. The metrics are often split in to multiple categories. Online metrics measure actual users' interactions with the search system. Offline metrics measure the relevance of the search engine by having expert judges measure how likely each result (or the SERP page as a whole) is to meet the information needs of the user.",1]
["When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","105_1","What is Black Lives Matter, and how did it start?","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,null,"When was Black Lives Matter started?","In response to the shooting of Trayvon Martin, the Black Lives Matter movement began in 2013, and rapidly expanded in response to subsequent shooting incidents, such as the shooting of Michael Brown. In response to that shooting, protests were held around the country in 2014, most notably in Ferguson, Missouri.",3,null,"What year did Black Lives Matter start?","It's hard to say when the first Black Lives Matter demonstration took place, but Elephrame starts its record on July 19, 2014, two days after Eric Garner died in New York. On that day, 300 people including Garner's family marched in Staten Island, from New Brighton to St. George, in defense of Eric's life.",0,null,"When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","In response to the shooting of Trayvon Martin, the Black Lives Matter movement began in 2013, and rapidly expanded in response to subsequent shooting incidents, such as the shooting of Michael Brown. In response to that shooting, protests were held around the country in 2014, most notably in Ferguson, Missouri.",3,null,208,true,"105_1_CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","105_1_CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9","CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9","105_1_MARCO_6399944","MARCO_6399944",null,"When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9","105_1_CAR_c337bd9008ecdd55a8ce2f72e8504d3fbfa713e9","In response to the shooting of Trayvon Martin, the Black Lives Matter movement began in 2013, and rapidly expanded in response to subsequent shooting incidents, such as the shooting of Michael Brown. In response to that shooting, protests were held around the country in 2014, most notably in Ferguson, Missouri.",3]
["When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","105_1","What is Black Lives Matter, and how did it start?","The Black Lives Matter movement calls for an end to police brutality and the killings of African-Americans in the U.S.  The #BlackLivesMatter hashtag was first started by Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi as a response to the trial and later acquittal of George Zimmerman who shot and killed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. The hashtag saw a revival in 2014, after the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, and after a grand jury did not indict police officer Daniel Pantaleo in the death of Eric Garner.",1,null,"When was Black Lives Matter started?","It's hard to say when the first Black Lives Matter demonstration took place, but Elephrame starts its record on July 19, 2014, two days after Eric Garner died in New York. On that day, 300 people including Garner's family marched in Staten Island, from New Brighton to St. George, in defense of Eric's life.",0,null,"What year did Black Lives Matter start?","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,null,"When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,null,208,true,"105_1_CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","105_1_MARCO_6399944","MARCO_6399944","105_1_CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1",null,"When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","105_1_CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4]
["When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","105_1","What is Black Lives Matter, and how did it start?","Though the Black Lives Matter activist movement began in response to the death of Trayvon Martin two years earlier, it staged its first in-person national protest in the form of a \"Black Lives Matter Freedom Ride\" to Ferguson, Missouri three weeks after the shooting of Michael Brown. One of the rallying cries at those protests was \"Hands Up, Don't Shoot\". This became a common chant at Black Lives Matter protests, along with the dying words of Eric Garner (\"I can't breathe\"), and \"No justice, no peace\".",0,null,"When was Black Lives Matter started?","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,null,"What year did Black Lives Matter start?","In 2013, the movement began with the use of the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter on social media, after the acquittal of George Zimmerman in the shooting death of African-American teen Trayvon Martin. Black Lives Matter became nationally recognized for its street demonstrations following the 2014 deaths of two African Americans: Michael Brown, resulting in protests and unrest in Ferguson, and Eric Garner in New York City. Since the Ferguson protests, participants in the movement have demonstrated against the deaths of numerous other African Americans by police actions or while in police custody. In the summer of 2015, Black Lives Matter activists became involved in the 2016 United States presidential election. The originators of the hashtag and call to action, Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi, expanded their project into a national network of over 30 local chapters between 2014 and 2016. The overall Black Lives Matter movement, however, is a decentralized network and has no formal hierarchy.",4,null,"When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","In 2013, the movement began with the use of the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter on social media, after the acquittal of George Zimmerman in the shooting death of African-American teen Trayvon Martin. Black Lives Matter became nationally recognized for its street demonstrations following the 2014 deaths of two African Americans: Michael Brown, resulting in protests and unrest in Ferguson, and Eric Garner in New York City. Since the Ferguson protests, participants in the movement have demonstrated against the deaths of numerous other African Americans by police actions or while in police custody. In the summer of 2015, Black Lives Matter activists became involved in the 2016 United States presidential election. The originators of the hashtag and call to action, Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi, expanded their project into a national network of over 30 local chapters between 2014 and 2016. The overall Black Lives Matter movement, however, is a decentralized network and has no formal hierarchy.",4,null,208,true,"105_1_CAR_1f3bf27f33e3819913460f202f1f098a73957ae2","CAR_1f3bf27f33e3819913460f202f1f098a73957ae2","105_1_CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","105_1_CAR_2b197f6f5f324bdcf294e8723d6eaaf6666b5b9f","CAR_2b197f6f5f324bdcf294e8723d6eaaf6666b5b9f",null,"When did the Black Lives Matter campaign begin?","CAR_2b197f6f5f324bdcf294e8723d6eaaf6666b5b9f","105_1_CAR_2b197f6f5f324bdcf294e8723d6eaaf6666b5b9f","In 2013, the movement began with the use of the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter on social media, after the acquittal of George Zimmerman in the shooting death of African-American teen Trayvon Martin. Black Lives Matter became nationally recognized for its street demonstrations following the 2014 deaths of two African Americans: Michael Brown, resulting in protests and unrest in Ferguson, and Eric Garner in New York City. Since the Ferguson protests, participants in the movement have demonstrated against the deaths of numerous other African Americans by police actions or while in police custody. In the summer of 2015, Black Lives Matter activists became involved in the 2016 United States presidential election. The originators of the hashtag and call to action, Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi, expanded their project into a national network of over 30 local chapters between 2014 and 2016. The overall Black Lives Matter movement, however, is a decentralized network and has no formal hierarchy.",4]
["Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","105_2","What is the truth behind the death of Trayvon Martin?","Trayvon Benjamin Martin (February 5, 1995 – February 26, 2012) was an African American from Miami Gardens, Florida, who, at 17 years old, was fatally shot by George Zimmerman, a neighborhood watch volunteer, in Sanford, Florida. Martin, who was serving a school suspension, had gone with his father on a visit to his father's fiancée at her townhouse at The Retreat at Twin Lakes in Sanford. On the evening of February 26, Martin went to a convenience store and purchased candy and a canned drink. As Martin returned from the store, he walked through a neighborhood that had been victimized by robberies several times that year. Zimmerman, a member of the community watch, spotted him and called the Sanford Police to report him for suspicious behavior. Moments later, there was an altercation between the two individuals in which Zimmerman shot Martin in the chest. Zimmerman, who was injured in the altercation, was not charged at the time of the shooting by the Sanford Police, who said that there was no evidence to refute his claim of self-defense and that Florida's stand your ground law prohibited law-enforcement officials from arresting or charging him. After national media focused on the tragedy, Zimmerman was eventually charged and tried in Martin's death. A jury acquitted Zimmerman of second-degree murder and manslaughter in July 2013.",3,null,"Why was Trayvon Martin murdered?","Speaking on the day of Zimmerman's arrest, Al Sharpton said, \"Forty-five days ago, Trayvon Martin was murdered. No arrest was made. The Chief of Police in Sanford announced after his review of the evidence there would be no arrest. An outcry from all over this country came because his parents refused to leave it there.\" Jesse Jackson also referred to Martin as \"murdered and martyred\". And U.S. Rep. Frederica Wilson (Dem.), who represents Martin's hometown of Miami, used the word \"murdered\" when she referred to Martin's fatal shooting.",1,null,"What is the story behind the killing of Trayvon Martin?","Story highlights. Trayvon Martin walked into a 7-Eleven in Sanford, Florida, grabbing a bag of Skittles and a can of Arizona iced tea. The hood from his dark gray sweatshirt over his head, he walked up to the counter, reached deep into his pants' pockets, paid the clerk, then walked out.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","Shooting of Trayvon Martin. On the night of February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida, United States, George Zimmerman fatally shot Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old African American high school student. Zimmerman, a 28-year-old mixed race Hispanic man,[Note 1] was the neighborhood watch coordinator for his gated community where Martin was visiting his relatives at the time of the shooting. Zimmerman shot Martin, who was unarmed, during an altercation between the two. Zimmerman was charged with Martin's murder but acquitted at tr",2,null,209,false,"105_2_CAR_4e358ef6ab22fb0e27d744fd0669d2335d9c4f46","CAR_4e358ef6ab22fb0e27d744fd0669d2335d9c4f46","105_2_CAR_321d599e8530e26da13d171413dc1f3952c032c3","CAR_321d599e8530e26da13d171413dc1f3952c032c3","105_2_MARCO_905681","MARCO_905681",null,"Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","MARCO_2485536","105_2_MARCO_2485536","Shooting of Trayvon Martin. On the night of February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida, United States, George Zimmerman fatally shot Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old African American high school student. Zimmerman, a 28-year-old mixed race Hispanic man,[Note 1] was the neighborhood watch coordinator for his gated community where Martin was visiting his relatives at the time of the shooting. Zimmerman shot Martin, who was unarmed, during an altercation between the two. Zimmerman was charged with Martin's murder but acquitted at tr",2]
["Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","105_2","What is the truth behind the death of Trayvon Martin?","July 09, 2013|By Michael Muskal and Tina Susman. The medical and scientific evidence shows that Trayvon Martin was leaning over George Zimmerman when the neighborhood watch volunteer fired the fatal shot into the unarmed teenagerâ€™s chest, a forensic pathologist testified Tuesday.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Why was Trayvon Martin murdered?","On 26 February 2012, Trayvon Martin, an unarmed 17-year-old boy who had been visiting his father in a gated community in Sanford, was walking back from a nearby store.  A civilian neighborhood watch captain, 28-year-old George Zimmerman, called Sanford Police from his truck to report Martin's behavior as suspicious. During the call Zimmerman left his vehicle to follow Martin and later there was a fight. Martin was shot by Zimmerman during this fight, ending it. The incident led to protests against the Sanford Police Department and national and international attention in the media, with race an issue in the case as Martin was Black  and Zimmerman is a mixed-race Hispanic. On 22 March 2012, Florida Governor Rick Scott appointed a special prosecutor, Angela Corey, to take over the investigation.",3,null,"What is the story behind the killing of Trayvon Martin?","The following is a timeline of the events surrounding the death of teenager Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida. Martin was shot and killed by neighborhood watch volunteer George Zimmerman during a physical altercation. Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in April 2012, and found not guilty on July 13, 2013.",3,null,"Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","Shooting of Trayvon Martin. On the night of February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida, United States, George Zimmerman fatally shot Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old African American high school student. Zimmerman, a 28-year-old mixed race Hispanic man,[Note 1] was the neighborhood watch coordinator for his gated community where Martin was visiting his relatives at the time of the shooting. Zimmerman shot Martin, who was unarmed, during a physical altercation between the two. In a widely reported trial, Zimmerman was charged with",2,null,209,false,"105_2_MARCO_905682","MARCO_905682","105_2_CAR_e4750815a6d6caa9998aca6ba12587138eb48751","CAR_e4750815a6d6caa9998aca6ba12587138eb48751","105_2_CAR_2be8f82bc9f5be2c938e5167c8eb6aa4c629e2c2","CAR_2be8f82bc9f5be2c938e5167c8eb6aa4c629e2c2",null,"Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","MARCO_251117","105_2_MARCO_251117","Shooting of Trayvon Martin. On the night of February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida, United States, George Zimmerman fatally shot Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old African American high school student. Zimmerman, a 28-year-old mixed race Hispanic man,[Note 1] was the neighborhood watch coordinator for his gated community where Martin was visiting his relatives at the time of the shooting. Zimmerman shot Martin, who was unarmed, during a physical altercation between the two. In a widely reported trial, Zimmerman was charged with",2]
["Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","105_2","What is the truth behind the death of Trayvon Martin?","The following is a timeline of the events surrounding the death of teenager Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida. Martin was shot and killed by neighborhood watch volunteer George Zimmerman during a physical altercation. Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in April 2012, and found not guilty on July 13, 2013.",3,null,"Why was Trayvon Martin murdered?","Shooting of Trayvon Martin. On the night of February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida, United States, George Zimmerman fatally shot Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old African American high school student. Zimmerman, a 28-year-old mixed race Hispanic man,[Note 1] was the neighborhood watch coordinator for his gated community where Martin was visiting his relatives at the time of the shooting. Zimmerman shot Martin, who was unarmed, during a physical altercation between the two. In a widely reported trial, Zimmerman was charged with",2,null,"What is the story behind the killing of Trayvon Martin?","Trayvon Benjamin Martin (February 5, 1995 – February 26, 2012) was an African American from Miami Gardens, Florida, who, at 17 years old, was fatally shot by George Zimmerman, a neighborhood watch volunteer, in Sanford, Florida. Martin, who was serving a school suspension, had gone with his father on a visit to his father's fiancée at her townhouse at The Retreat at Twin Lakes in Sanford. On the evening of February 26, Martin went to a convenience store and purchased candy and a canned drink. As Martin returned from the store, he walked through a neighborhood that had been victimized by robberies several times that year. Zimmerman, a member of the community watch, spotted him and called the Sanford Police to report him for suspicious behavior. Moments later, there was an altercation between the two individuals in which Zimmerman shot Martin in the chest. Zimmerman, who was injured in the altercation, was not charged at the time of the shooting by the Sanford Police, who said that there was no evidence to refute his claim of self-defense and that Florida's stand your ground law prohibited law-enforcement officials from arresting or charging him. After national media focused on the tragedy, Zimmerman was eventually charged and tried in Martin's death. A jury acquitted Zimmerman of second-degree murder and manslaughter in July 2013.",3,null,"Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","Shooting of Trayvon Martin. On the night of February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida, United States, George Zimmerman fatally shot Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old African American high school student.",1,null,209,false,"105_2_CAR_2be8f82bc9f5be2c938e5167c8eb6aa4c629e2c2","CAR_2be8f82bc9f5be2c938e5167c8eb6aa4c629e2c2","105_2_MARCO_251117","MARCO_251117","105_2_CAR_4e358ef6ab22fb0e27d744fd0669d2335d9c4f46","CAR_4e358ef6ab22fb0e27d744fd0669d2335d9c4f46",null,"Tell me more about the shooting of Trayvon Martin.","MARCO_905687","105_2_MARCO_905687","Shooting of Trayvon Martin. On the night of February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida, United States, George Zimmerman fatally shot Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old African American high school student.",1]
["Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","105_3","How was George Zimmerman acquitted?","Zimmerman Is Acquitted in Trayvon Martin Killing. SANFORD, Fla. â€” George Zimmerman, the neighborhood watch volunteer who fatally shot Trayvon Martin, an unarmed black teenager, igniting a national debate on racial profiling and civil rights, was found not guilty late Saturday night of second-degree murder. He was also acquitted of manslaughter, a lesser charge.",0,null,"Why was George Zimmerman acquitted of crimes?","Zimmerman's trial began on June 10, 2013, in Sanford. On July 13, a jury acquitted Zimmerman of the charges of second degree murder and manslaughter. For three years, the U. S. Department of Justice (DOJ) investigated Zimmerman on civil rights charges. In February 2015, the DOJ concluded there was not sufficient evidence that Zimmerman intentionally violated the civil rights of Martin, saying the Zimmerman case did not meet the \"high standard\" for a federal hate crime prosecution. In response to his acquittal Zimmerman said he felt free to speak his opinion \"without fear of retaliation\". Zimmerman criticized the government and President Obama. He believed Obama inflamed racial tensions. \"He by far overstretched, overreached, even broke the law in certain aspects to where you have an innocent American being prosecuted by the federal government,\" Zimmerman said.",1,null,"What proof led to the not guilty verdict during George Zimmerman's trial?","Juror B29, a 36-year-old Puerto Rican mother of eight children, who was living in Chicago at the time of the shooting, was interviewed about the trial on July 25. She said, \"George Zimmerman got away with murder, but you can't get away from God. And at the end of the day, he's going to have a lot of questions and answers he has to deal with.\" She said that as the jury began deliberations, she wanted to convict Zimmerman of second-degree murder, and she held to her position that Zimmerman should be found guilty even after all the other jurors had decided to find him not guilty. However, she said that after nine hours of deliberations, she realized that there was not enough evidence to convict Zimmerman under Florida law: \"As the law was read to me, if you have no proof that he killed him intentionally, you can't say he's guilty....you can't put the man in jail even though in our hearts we felt he was guilty.\" The juror said that she felt like she owed Martin's parents an apology because she felt she had let them down.",1,null,"Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","Zimmerman's trial began on June 10, 2013, in Sanford. On July 13, a jury acquitted Zimmerman of the charges of second degree murder and manslaughter. For three years, the U. S. Department of Justice (DOJ) investigated Zimmerman on civil rights charges. In February 2015, the DOJ concluded there was not sufficient evidence that Zimmerman intentionally violated the civil rights of Martin, saying the Zimmerman case did not meet the \"high standard\" for a federal hate crime prosecution. In response to his acquittal Zimmerman said he felt free to speak his opinion \"without fear of retaliation\". Zimmerman criticized the government and President Obama. He believed Obama inflamed racial tensions. \"He by far overstretched, overreached, even broke the law in certain aspects to where you have an innocent American being prosecuted by the federal government,\" Zimmerman said.",1,null,210,true,"105_3_MARCO_6139739","MARCO_6139739","105_3_CAR_20e4a18807edf066b4ce629db41c256b1ab382dc","CAR_20e4a18807edf066b4ce629db41c256b1ab382dc","105_3_CAR_142f643822f6f97b991c0de9cdb5d3e0d5387d76","CAR_142f643822f6f97b991c0de9cdb5d3e0d5387d76",null,"Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","CAR_20e4a18807edf066b4ce629db41c256b1ab382dc","105_3_CAR_20e4a18807edf066b4ce629db41c256b1ab382dc","Zimmerman's trial began on June 10, 2013, in Sanford. On July 13, a jury acquitted Zimmerman of the charges of second degree murder and manslaughter. For three years, the U. S. Department of Justice (DOJ) investigated Zimmerman on civil rights charges. In February 2015, the DOJ concluded there was not sufficient evidence that Zimmerman intentionally violated the civil rights of Martin, saying the Zimmerman case did not meet the \"high standard\" for a federal hate crime prosecution. In response to his acquittal Zimmerman said he felt free to speak his opinion \"without fear of retaliation\". Zimmerman criticized the government and President Obama. He believed Obama inflamed racial tensions. \"He by far overstretched, overreached, even broke the law in certain aspects to where you have an innocent American being prosecuted by the federal government,\" Zimmerman said.",1]
["Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","105_3","How was George Zimmerman acquitted?","Zimmerman's trial began on June 10, 2013, in Sanford. On July 13, a jury acquitted Zimmerman of the charges of second degree murder and manslaughter. For three years, the U. S. Department of Justice (DOJ) investigated Zimmerman on civil rights charges. In February 2015, the DOJ concluded there was not sufficient evidence that Zimmerman intentionally violated the civil rights of Martin, saying the Zimmerman case did not meet the \"high standard\" for a federal hate crime prosecution. In response to his acquittal Zimmerman said he felt free to speak his opinion \"without fear of retaliation\". Zimmerman criticized the government and President Obama. He believed Obama inflamed racial tensions. \"He by far overstretched, overreached, even broke the law in certain aspects to where you have an innocent American being prosecuted by the federal government,\" Zimmerman said.",1,null,"Why was George Zimmerman acquitted of crimes?","Zimmerman was charged with Martin's murder but acquitted at trial on self-defense grounds. The incident was reviewed by the Department of Justice for potential civil rights violations, but no additional charges were filed, citing insufficient evidence.",0,null,"What proof led to the not guilty verdict during George Zimmerman's trial?","Key moments in the Zimmerman trial â€“ George Zimmerman is congratulated by members of his defense team, Don West and Lorna Truett, after the not guilty verdict is read on Saturday, July 13, in Sanford, Florida. A jury of six women found him not guilty in the shooting death of Trayvon Martin. View photos of the public reaction to the verdict. Key moments in the Zimmerman trial â€“ George Zimmerman's wife, Shellie Zimmerman, cries as friends and family members celebrate the verdict on July 13.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","Unlike in the court of public opinion, facts, not emotion, were of paramount concern. When all was said and done, a very different picture of the incident emerged. The jury's charge was to determine if George Zimmerman was a murderer, and the prosecution fell far short of meeting their burden of proof. In light of this, acquittal was the just call.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,210,true,"105_3_CAR_20e4a18807edf066b4ce629db41c256b1ab382dc","CAR_20e4a18807edf066b4ce629db41c256b1ab382dc","105_3_CAR_17684c00b0932d625e9c9b67ef237c27d95a805b","CAR_17684c00b0932d625e9c9b67ef237c27d95a805b","105_3_MARCO_3730989","MARCO_3730989",null,"Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","MARCO_2578579","105_3_MARCO_2578579","Unlike in the court of public opinion, facts, not emotion, were of paramount concern. When all was said and done, a very different picture of the incident emerged. The jury's charge was to determine if George Zimmerman was a murderer, and the prosecution fell far short of meeting their burden of proof. In light of this, acquittal was the just call.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2]
["Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","105_3","How was George Zimmerman acquitted?","Zimmerman was charged with Martin's murder but acquitted at trial on self-defense grounds. The incident was reviewed by the Department of Justice for potential civil rights violations, but no additional charges were filed, citing insufficient evidence.",0,null,"Why was George Zimmerman acquitted of crimes?","George Michael Zimmerman is an American known for the fatal shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida. On July 13, 2013, he was acquitted of all charges in Florida v. George Zimmerman. As of 2015, he remained the subject of media interest due to ongoing controversy over the Trayvon Martin case. In addition, he has been involved in other violent incidents, with allegations of violence made against him since he was acquitted of murder.",0,null,"What proof led to the not guilty verdict during George Zimmerman's trial?","Supporters of Zimmerman were happy the jury took the side of Zimmerman's claim that he shot Martin in self-defense, while other supporters said that the prosecution had failed to prove their case beyond a reasonable doubt. Supporters were also outside the courthouse in Sanford, Florida, rejoicing the not guilty verdict. Some supporters at the courthouse said the jury made the right decision because they felt that Zimmerman shot and killed Martin in self-defense.",{"$error":"#N/A"},2,"Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","Zimmerman was charged with Martin's murder but acquitted at trial on self-defense grounds. The incident was reviewed by the Department of Justice for potential civil rights violations, but no additional charges were filed, citing insufficient evidence.",0,null,210,true,"105_3_CAR_17684c00b0932d625e9c9b67ef237c27d95a805b","CAR_17684c00b0932d625e9c9b67ef237c27d95a805b","105_3_MARCO_4417987","MARCO_4417987","105_3_CAR_60bc1d67c1af9c7d51e9e6efe9937349b82b6a1a","CAR_60bc1d67c1af9c7d51e9e6efe9937349b82b6a1a",null,"Why was George Zimmerman acquitted?","CAR_17684c00b0932d625e9c9b67ef237c27d95a805b","105_3_CAR_17684c00b0932d625e9c9b67ef237c27d95a805b","Zimmerman was charged with Martin's murder but acquitted at trial on self-defense grounds. The incident was reviewed by the Department of Justice for potential civil rights violations, but no additional charges were filed, citing insufficient evidence.",0]
["And how what happened to Michael Brown?","105_4","What is the truth behind the death of Michael Brown?","Michael Brown, an 18-year-old African-American male, was shot to death after an encounter with Officer Darren Wilson, who was called after a robbery and assault was reported in a nearby convenience store describing Michael Brown (later identified as Michael Brown from security cameras). Officer Wilson's account was that when he attempted to question Michael Brown he was attacked.  There was a struggle, Brown attempting and almost succeeding in gaining possession of his, Officer Wilson's weapon.  Due to the struggle the weapon discharged, slightly wounding Brown, who then fled.  Wilson gave brief chase firing upon Brown, ultimately shooting and killing Brown when Brown turned to confront him and, upon Wilson's account, charged at him.  The officer was a 28-year-old white male Ferguson police officer. After several months of deliberation, a grand jury decided not to indict Officer Wilson for any criminal charges in relation to the incident.",2,null,"Why was Michael Brown shot?","Michael Brown, an 18-year-old African-American male, was shot to death after an encounter with Officer Darren Wilson, who was called after a robbery and assault was reported in a nearby convenience store describing Michael Brown (later identified as Michael Brown from security cameras). Officer Wilson's account was that when he attempted to question Michael Brown he was attacked.  There was a struggle, Brown attempting and almost succeeding in gaining possession of his, Officer Wilson's weapon.  Due to the struggle the weapon discharged, slightly wounding Brown, who then fled.  Wilson gave brief chase firing upon Brown, ultimately shooting and killing Brown when Brown turned to confront him and, upon Wilson's account, charged at him.  The officer was a 28-year-old white male Ferguson police officer. After several months of deliberation, a grand jury decided not to indict Officer Wilson for any criminal charges in relation to the incident.",2,null,"What exactly happened to Michael Brown?","What Happened in Ferguson? Michael Brown, an unarmed black teenager, was shot and killed on Aug. 9, 2014, by Darren Wilson, a white police officer, in Ferguson, Mo., a suburb of St. Louis. The shooting prompted protests that roiled the area for weeks.",1,null,"And how what happened to Michael Brown?","What Happened in Ferguson? Michael Brown, an unarmed black teenager, was shot and killed on Aug. 9, 2014, by Darren Wilson, a white police officer, in Ferguson, Mo., a suburb of St. Louis. The shooting prompted protests that roiled the area for weeks.",1,null,211,false,"105_4_CAR_b2a337dc5522d039d58654cc5efa64e8204ab9d1","CAR_b2a337dc5522d039d58654cc5efa64e8204ab9d1","105_4_CAR_b2a337dc5522d039d58654cc5efa64e8204ab9d1","CAR_b2a337dc5522d039d58654cc5efa64e8204ab9d1","105_4_MARCO_1502176","MARCO_1502176",null,"And how what happened to Michael Brown?","MARCO_1502176","105_4_MARCO_1502176","What Happened in Ferguson? Michael Brown, an unarmed black teenager, was shot and killed on Aug. 9, 2014, by Darren Wilson, a white police officer, in Ferguson, Mo., a suburb of St. Louis. The shooting prompted protests that roiled the area for weeks.",1]
["And how what happened to Michael Brown?","105_4","What is the truth behind the death of Michael Brown?","On August 9, 2014, Michael Brown, an unarmed teenager, was fatally shot by Ferguson police officer Darren Wilson while on duty. Chief of Police Tom Jackson claimed in a news conference that Brown had been a suspect in a \"strong-arm\" robbery, but later stated that the robbery was not connected to Officer Wilson's interaction with Brown. The later Department of Justice investigation later described Officer Wilson as having heard the description of the robbery and suspect before he encountered Brown, although Office Wilson could not recount the specifics of what he heard.",2,null,"Why was Michael Brown shot?","Shooting of Michael Brown. The shooting of Michael Brown occurred on August 9, 2014, in Ferguson, Missouri, a northern suburb of St. Louis. Brown, an 18-year-old black man, was fatally shot by Darren Wilson, 28, a white Ferguson police officer, after Brown reportedly robbed a convenience store.",1,null,"What exactly happened to Michael Brown?","Shooting of Michael Brown. The shooting of Michael Brown occurred on August 9, 2014, in Ferguson, Missouri, a northern suburb of St. Louis. Brown, an 18-year-old black man, was fatally shot by Darren Wilson, 28, a white Ferguson police officer, after Brown reportedly robbed a convenience store.",1,null,"And how what happened to Michael Brown?","On August 9, 2014 an unarmed and noncompliant black teenager, Michael Brown, was fatally shot by white police officer Darren Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri.  The disputed details of Brown’s death sparked protests and civil unrest in Ferguson, across the United States, and internationally.  The dispute arose from dueling narratives of why and how the altercation occurred. Officer Wilson and eyewitnesses argued different accounts of what happened.  This confusion, along with aggressive policing following Brown’s death, led to heated debate and examination of the relationship between policing practices and communities of color. The protests and civil unrest continued on November 24, 2014 after a St. Louis grand jury found Darren Wilson not guilty of criminal charges. After the verdict was announced protests flared in Ferguson and in nearly every major U.S. city. On November 29, 2014, Darren Wilson resigned from the Ferguson Police Department with no severance or benefits.  Although over $500,000 was raised by Wilson’s supporters via crowdfunding.",2,null,211,false,"105_4_CAR_1ff9792a3cf2460d34414d536128ca8b1ff7518b","CAR_1ff9792a3cf2460d34414d536128ca8b1ff7518b","105_4_MARCO_8137341","MARCO_8137341","105_4_MARCO_8137341","MARCO_8137341",null,"And how what happened to Michael Brown?","CAR_abc8c7aaf371fb436f01787a7bc66cf3708c0bb3","105_4_CAR_abc8c7aaf371fb436f01787a7bc66cf3708c0bb3","On August 9, 2014 an unarmed and noncompliant black teenager, Michael Brown, was fatally shot by white police officer Darren Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri.  The disputed details of Brown’s death sparked protests and civil unrest in Ferguson, across the United States, and internationally.  The dispute arose from dueling narratives of why and how the altercation occurred. Officer Wilson and eyewitnesses argued different accounts of what happened.  This confusion, along with aggressive policing following Brown’s death, led to heated debate and examination of the relationship between policing practices and communities of color. The protests and civil unrest continued on November 24, 2014 after a St. Louis grand jury found Darren Wilson not guilty of criminal charges. After the verdict was announced protests flared in Ferguson and in nearly every major U.S. city. On November 29, 2014, Darren Wilson resigned from the Ferguson Police Department with no severance or benefits.  Although over $500,000 was raised by Wilson’s supporters via crowdfunding.",2]
["And how what happened to Michael Brown?","105_4","What is the truth behind the death of Michael Brown?","On August 9, 2014 an unarmed and noncompliant black teenager, Michael Brown, was fatally shot by white police officer Darren Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri.  The disputed details of Brown’s death sparked protests and civil unrest in Ferguson, across the United States, and internationally.  The dispute arose from dueling narratives of why and how the altercation occurred. Officer Wilson and eyewitnesses argued different accounts of what happened.  This confusion, along with aggressive policing following Brown’s death, led to heated debate and examination of the relationship between policing practices and communities of color. The protests and civil unrest continued on November 24, 2014 after a St. Louis grand jury found Darren Wilson not guilty of criminal charges. After the verdict was announced protests flared in Ferguson and in nearly every major U.S. city. On November 29, 2014, Darren Wilson resigned from the Ferguson Police Department with no severance or benefits.  Although over $500,000 was raised by Wilson’s supporters via crowdfunding.",2,null,"Why was Michael Brown shot?","The shooting of Michael Brown occurred on August 9, 2014, in Ferguson, Missouri, a northern suburb of St. Louis. Brown, an 18-year-old African American, was a suspect in a strong-arm robbery of a convenience store. Brown was fatally shot by Darren Wilson, a 28-year-old police officer in an encounter that took place a short distance away from the convenience store, several minutes after officer Wilson received a radio alert which included a description of a suspect. Brown was accompanied by his friend Dorian Johnson. The report and video were part of a packet that included information about the shooting afterward. The report containing frames of the surveillance footage showed Brown grabbing a box of cigarillos, followed by an apparent struggle or confrontation between Brown and a store clerk. The statutory deadline in the Sunshine Law, Missouri's equivalent of the federal Freedom of Information Act, was the cited reason for the release following requests by St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Judicial Watch and others.",2,null,"What exactly happened to Michael Brown?","On August 9, 2014, Michael Brown, an unarmed teenager, was fatally shot by Ferguson police officer Darren Wilson while on duty. Chief of Police Tom Jackson claimed in a news conference that Brown had been a suspect in a \"strong-arm\" robbery, but later stated that the robbery was not connected to Officer Wilson's interaction with Brown. The later Department of Justice investigation later described Officer Wilson as having heard the description of the robbery and suspect before he encountered Brown, although Office Wilson could not recount the specifics of what he heard.",2,null,"And how what happened to Michael Brown?","Shooting of Michael Brown. The shooting of Michael Brown occurred on August 9, 2014, in Ferguson, Missouri, a northern suburb of St. Louis. Brown, an 18-year-old black man, was fatally shot by Darren Wilson, 28, a white Ferguson police officer, after Brown reportedly robbed a convenience store.",1,null,211,false,"105_4_CAR_abc8c7aaf371fb436f01787a7bc66cf3708c0bb3","CAR_abc8c7aaf371fb436f01787a7bc66cf3708c0bb3","105_4_MARCO_8137345","MARCO_8137345","105_4_CAR_1ff9792a3cf2460d34414d536128ca8b1ff7518b","CAR_1ff9792a3cf2460d34414d536128ca8b1ff7518b",null,"And how what happened to Michael Brown?","MARCO_8137341","105_4_MARCO_8137341","Shooting of Michael Brown. The shooting of Michael Brown occurred on August 9, 2014, in Ferguson, Missouri, a northern suburb of St. Louis. Brown, an 18-year-old black man, was fatally shot by Darren Wilson, 28, a white Ferguson police officer, after Brown reportedly robbed a convenience store.",1]
["Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","105_5","\"Who created the name of the movement \"\"Black Lives Matter\"\"?\"","The Three Women Behind The Black Lives Matter Movement. Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi co-founded the Black Lives Matter Movement when George Zimmerman was acquitted in 2013 for fatally shooting Trayvon Martin. They created the hashtag, which spread like wildfire.",1,null,"Who are the people behind the naming of Black Lives Matter?","The Three Women Behind The Black Lives Matter Movement. Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi co-founded the Black Lives Matter Movement when George Zimmerman was acquitted in 2013 for fatally shooting Trayvon Martin. They created the hashtag, which spread like wildfire.",1,null,"Who founded and named Black Lives Matter?","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,null,"Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,null,212,true,"105_5_MARCO_6399943","MARCO_6399943","105_5_MARCO_6399943","MARCO_6399943","105_5_CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1",null,"Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","105_5_CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4]
["Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","105_5","\"Who created the name of the movement \"\"Black Lives Matter\"\"?\"","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,null,"Who are the people behind the naming of Black Lives Matter?","In the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, the movement began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. The movement was co-founded by three black community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Garza, Cullors and Tometi met through \"Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity\" (BOLD), a national organization that trains community organizers. They began to question how they were going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled \"A Love Note to Black People\" in which she said: \"Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter\". Cullors replied: \"#BlackLivesMatter\". Tometi then added her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.",4,null,"Who founded and named Black Lives Matter?","The Three Women Behind The Black Lives Matter Movement. Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi co-founded the Black Lives Matter Movement when George Zimmerman was acquitted in 2013 for fatally shooting Trayvon Martin. They created the hashtag, which spread like wildfire.",1,null,"Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","The Black Lives Matter movement calls for an end to police brutality and the killings of African-Americans in the U.S.  The #BlackLivesMatter hashtag was first started by Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi as a response to the trial and later acquittal of George Zimmerman who shot and killed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. The hashtag saw a revival in 2014, after the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, and after a grand jury did not indict police officer Daniel Pantaleo in the death of Eric Garner.",1,null,212,true,"105_5_CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","105_5_CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","CAR_a82037ed2447237c2c6a351837bfc386b3b7f4b1","105_5_MARCO_6399943","MARCO_6399943",null,"Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","105_5_CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","The Black Lives Matter movement calls for an end to police brutality and the killings of African-Americans in the U.S.  The #BlackLivesMatter hashtag was first started by Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi as a response to the trial and later acquittal of George Zimmerman who shot and killed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. The hashtag saw a revival in 2014, after the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, and after a grand jury did not indict police officer Daniel Pantaleo in the death of Eric Garner.",1]
["Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","105_5","\"Who created the name of the movement \"\"Black Lives Matter\"\"?\"","Though misogynoir can be perpetrated by anyone, the term most often refers to the violence, mistreatment, and erasure experienced by black women at the hands of black men. As the plight of the black man in America remains at the forefront of society, black feminist work as well as the issues similarly facing black women are erased and ignored. The Black Lives Matter movement, created in 2012, was founded by three black women: Alicia Garza, Opal Tometi, and Patrisse Cullors. This fact is little known throughout the wider community and while the movement specifically states it advocates for the lives of the entire black community, protests and activists groups invoking the #BlackLivesMatter hashtag and mission are disproportionately rallying cries for justice on  behalf of black men. Incidences where police wrongfully kill or assault black women (as well as transgender, non-binary, and gender non-conforming black people) receive significantly less attention, as evidenced by the lack of media attention surrounding the 2015 case of Officer Daniel Holtzclaw who used his authority to prey on and assault upwards of 13 black women.",0,null,"Who are the people behind the naming of Black Lives Matter?","Notable Black Lives Matter activists include co-founder of the Seattle Black Lives Matter chapter Marissa Johnson, lawyer and president of the Minneapolis chapter of the NAACP Nekima Levy-Pounds, and writer Shaun King. In a September 2016 interview with W. Kamau Bell and Hari Kondabolu, King described himself as part of the broader Black Lives Matter movement and supportive of the formal organization Black Lives Matter, but not affiliated with the latter.",0,null,"Who founded and named Black Lives Matter?","Notable Black Lives Matter activists include co-founder of the Seattle Black Lives Matter chapter Marissa Johnson, lawyer and president of the Minneapolis chapter of the NAACP Nekima Levy-Pounds, and writer Shaun King. In a September 2016 interview with W. Kamau Bell and Hari Kondabolu, King described himself as part of the broader Black Lives Matter movement and supportive of the formal organization Black Lives Matter, but not affiliated with the latter.",0,null,"Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","The Three Women Behind The Black Lives Matter Movement. Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi co-founded the Black Lives Matter Movement when George Zimmerman was acquitted in 2013 for fatally shooting Trayvon Martin. They created the hashtag, which spread like wildfire.",1,null,212,true,"105_5_CAR_4024179587471188f60212c883024ec37837668f","CAR_4024179587471188f60212c883024ec37837668f","105_5_CAR_ab920b83cb09c1b98ebe48dd78298600d8716263","CAR_ab920b83cb09c1b98ebe48dd78298600d8716263","105_5_CAR_ab920b83cb09c1b98ebe48dd78298600d8716263","CAR_ab920b83cb09c1b98ebe48dd78298600d8716263",null,"Who named the movement \"Black Lives Matter\"?","MARCO_6399943","105_5_MARCO_6399943","The Three Women Behind The Black Lives Matter Movement. Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi co-founded the Black Lives Matter Movement when George Zimmerman was acquitted in 2013 for fatally shooting Trayvon Martin. They created the hashtag, which spread like wildfire.",1]
["What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","105_6","What is the US take on the Black Lives Matter movement?","The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. According to a September 2015 poll on race relations, nearly two-thirds of African Americans mostly agree with Black Lives Matter, while 42% of white Americans are unsure or do not have an opinion about Black Lives Matter. Of white people surveyed, 41% thought that Black Lives Matter advocated violence, and 59% of whites thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. By comparison, 82% of black people polled thought that Black Lives Matter was a nonviolent movement, and 26% of blacks thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. On the question of whether \"Black Lives Matter\" was mostly a movement or mostly a slogan, 46% of whites and 67% of blacks thought that it is mostly a movement. A similar poll in June 2016 found that 65% of black American adults supported Black Lives Matter and 40% of white American adults support it. Fifty-nine percent of black Americans thought that Black Lives Matter would \"be effective, in the long run, in helping blacks achieve equality\" and 34% of white Americans thought so.",0,null,"What did the US think about the Black Lives Matter movement?","The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. According to a September 2015 poll on race relations, nearly two-thirds of African Americans mostly agree with Black Lives Matter, while 42% of white Americans are unsure or do not have an opinion about Black Lives Matter. Of white people surveyed, 41% thought that Black Lives Matter advocated violence, and 59% of whites thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. By comparison, 82% of black people polled thought that Black Lives Matter was a nonviolent movement, and 26% of blacks thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. On the question of whether \"Black Lives Matter\" was mostly a movement or mostly a slogan, 46% of whites and 67% of blacks thought that it is mostly a movement. A similar poll in June 2016 found that 65% of black American adults supported Black Lives Matter and 40% of white American adults support it. Fifty-nine percent of black Americans thought that Black Lives Matter would \"be effective, in the long run, in helping blacks achieve equality\" and 34% of white Americans thought so.",0,null,"What were the publics thoughts on Black Lives Matter?","The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. According to a September 2015 poll on race relations, nearly two-thirds of African Americans mostly agree with Black Lives Matter, while 42% of white Americans are unsure or do not have an opinion about Black Lives Matter. Of white people surveyed, 41% thought that Black Lives Matter advocated violence, and 59% of whites thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. By comparison, 82% of black people polled thought that Black Lives Matter was a nonviolent movement, and 26% of blacks thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. On the question of whether \"Black Lives Matter\" was mostly a movement or mostly a slogan, 46% of whites and 67% of blacks thought that it is mostly a movement. A similar poll in June 2016 found that 65% of black American adults supported Black Lives Matter and 40% of white American adults support it. Fifty-nine percent of black Americans thought that Black Lives Matter would \"be effective, in the long run, in helping blacks achieve equality\" and 34% of white Americans thought so.",0,null,"What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","There have been many reactions to the Black Lives Matter movement. The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. The phrase All Lives Matter sprang up as a response to the Black Lives Matter movement, but has been criticized for dismissing or misunderstanding the message of Black Lives Matter. Following the shooting of two police officers in Ferguson, the hashtag Blue Lives Matter was created by supporters of the police.",4,null,213,false,"105_6_CAR_c14a7b01cb04592416db2f6275520f7d7cb553d0","CAR_c14a7b01cb04592416db2f6275520f7d7cb553d0","105_6_CAR_c14a7b01cb04592416db2f6275520f7d7cb553d0","CAR_c14a7b01cb04592416db2f6275520f7d7cb553d0","105_6_CAR_c14a7b01cb04592416db2f6275520f7d7cb553d0","CAR_c14a7b01cb04592416db2f6275520f7d7cb553d0",null,"What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","MARCO_3467165","105_6_MARCO_3467165","There have been many reactions to the Black Lives Matter movement. The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. The phrase All Lives Matter sprang up as a response to the Black Lives Matter movement, but has been criticized for dismissing or misunderstanding the message of Black Lives Matter. Following the shooting of two police officers in Ferguson, the hashtag Blue Lives Matter was created by supporters of the police.",4]
["What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","105_6","What is the US take on the Black Lives Matter movement?","The Movement for Black Lives is a coalition of groups across the United States representing the interests of black communities.  It was created in 2016 as a response to sustained and increasingly visible violence against black communities, with the purpose of creating a united front and establishing a political platform. The collective is made up of more than 50 organizations, with members such as the Black Lives Matter Network, the National Conference of Black Lawyers, and the Ella Baker Center for Human Rights.",0,null,"What did the US think about the Black Lives Matter movement?","There have been many reactions to the Black Lives Matter movement. The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. The phrase \"All Lives Matter\" sprang up as a response to the Black Lives Matter movement. However, \"All Lives Matter\" has been criticized for dismissing or misunderstanding the message of \"Black Lives Matter\". Following the shooting of two police officers in Ferguson, the hashtag Blue Lives Matter was created by supporters of the police.",2,null,"What were the publics thoughts on Black Lives Matter?","According to an August 2015 poll, 78% of likely American voters said that the statement All Lives Matter was \"closest to their own personal views\" when compared to Black Lives Matter or neither. Only 11% said that the statement Black Lives Matter was closest. Nine percent said that neither statement reflected their own personal point of view.",{"$error":"#N/A"},1,"What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","There have been many reactions to the Black Lives Matter movement. The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. The phrase \"All Lives Matter\" sprang up as a response to the Black Lives Matter movement. However, \"All Lives Matter\" has been criticized for dismissing or misunderstanding the message of \"Black Lives Matter\". Following the shooting of two police officers in Ferguson, the hashtag Blue Lives Matter was created by supporters of the police.",2,null,213,false,"105_6_CAR_73174ddb924e596333be046be8ee6a0c957d3764","CAR_73174ddb924e596333be046be8ee6a0c957d3764","105_6_CAR_76743ca3f0cba86721eb8a28f6e64766c6ca2e52","CAR_76743ca3f0cba86721eb8a28f6e64766c6ca2e52","105_6_CAR_50f1bceedc2f0e5010dbed7bc73206fb54c1648f","CAR_50f1bceedc2f0e5010dbed7bc73206fb54c1648f",null,"What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","CAR_76743ca3f0cba86721eb8a28f6e64766c6ca2e52","105_6_CAR_76743ca3f0cba86721eb8a28f6e64766c6ca2e52","There have been many reactions to the Black Lives Matter movement. The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. The phrase \"All Lives Matter\" sprang up as a response to the Black Lives Matter movement. However, \"All Lives Matter\" has been criticized for dismissing or misunderstanding the message of \"Black Lives Matter\". Following the shooting of two police officers in Ferguson, the hashtag Blue Lives Matter was created by supporters of the police.",2]
["What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","105_6","What is the US take on the Black Lives Matter movement?","There have been many reactions to the Black Lives Matter movement. The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. The phrase \"All Lives Matter\" sprang up as a response to the Black Lives Matter movement. However, \"All Lives Matter\" has been criticized for dismissing or misunderstanding the message of \"Black Lives Matter\". Following the shooting of two police officers in Ferguson, the hashtag Blue Lives Matter was created by supporters of the police.",2,null,"What did the US think about the Black Lives Matter movement?","There have been many reactions to the Black Lives Matter movement. The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. The phrase All Lives Matter sprang up as a response to the Black Lives Matter movement, but has been criticized for dismissing or misunderstanding the message of Black Lives Matter. Following the shooting of two police officers in Ferguson, the hashtag Blue Lives Matter was created by supporters of the police.",4,null,"What were the publics thoughts on Black Lives Matter?","According to an August 2015 poll, 78% of likely American voters said that the statement All Lives Matter was \"close[r] to [their] own\" point of view than Black Lives Matter was. Only 11% said that the statement Black Lives Matter was closer. Nine percent said that neither statement reflected their own point of view.",1,null,"What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. According to a September 2015 poll on race relations, nearly two-thirds of African Americans mostly agree with Black Lives Matter, while 42% of white Americans are unsure or do not have an opinion about Black Lives Matter. Of white people surveyed, 41% thought that Black Lives Matter advocated violence, and 59% of whites thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. By comparison, 82% of black people polled thought that Black Lives Matter was a nonviolent movement, and 26% of blacks thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. On the question of whether \"Black Lives Matter\" was mostly a movement or mostly a slogan, 46% of whites and 67% of blacks thought that it is mostly a movement. A similar poll in June 2016 found that 65% of black American adults supported Black Lives Matter and 40% of white American adults support it. Fifty-nine percent of black Americans thought that Black Lives Matter would \"be effective, in the long run, in helping blacks achieve equality\" and 34% of white Americans thought so.",0,null,213,false,"105_6_CAR_76743ca3f0cba86721eb8a28f6e64766c6ca2e52","CAR_76743ca3f0cba86721eb8a28f6e64766c6ca2e52","105_6_MARCO_3467165","MARCO_3467165","105_6_CAR_b51434da22749997a081741fe1042982eedf339a","CAR_b51434da22749997a081741fe1042982eedf339a",null,"What was the US reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement?","CAR_c14a7b01cb04592416db2f6275520f7d7cb553d0","105_6_CAR_c14a7b01cb04592416db2f6275520f7d7cb553d0","The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies considerably by race. According to a September 2015 poll on race relations, nearly two-thirds of African Americans mostly agree with Black Lives Matter, while 42% of white Americans are unsure or do not have an opinion about Black Lives Matter. Of white people surveyed, 41% thought that Black Lives Matter advocated violence, and 59% of whites thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. By comparison, 82% of black people polled thought that Black Lives Matter was a nonviolent movement, and 26% of blacks thought that Black Lives Matter distracted attention from the real issues of racial discrimination. On the question of whether \"Black Lives Matter\" was mostly a movement or mostly a slogan, 46% of whites and 67% of blacks thought that it is mostly a movement. A similar poll in June 2016 found that 65% of black American adults supported Black Lives Matter and 40% of white American adults support it. Fifty-nine percent of black Americans thought that Black Lives Matter would \"be effective, in the long run, in helping blacks achieve equality\" and 34% of white Americans thought so.",0]
["Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","105_7","What is Blue Lives Matter, and why is it important?","Blue Lives Matter is a pro-police movement in the United States. It was started after the killings of NYPD officers Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu in Brooklyn, New York, on December 20, 2014, after they were ambushed in their patrol car. Blue Lives Matter was formed in reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement, which seeks to end police brutality against the African American community.",3,null,"How does Blue Lives Matter work?","Originating in New York City in December 2014, Blue Lives Matter NYC is an organization and current nationwide movement that was created to help law enforcement officers and their families during their times of need. Sergeant Joey Imperatrice along with Officers Chris Brinkley and Carlos Delgado felt \"compelled to show support for their brothers and sisters in blue\" and handed out bracelets that stated Blue Lives Matter. They decided to create an organization which became the non-profit Blue Lives Matter NYC. This BLM organization's mission is to raise awareness and encourage public aid for the needs of police officers, to help police officers assist one another, and to provide a police officer's family with comfort and support as they go through hard times. This campaign is designed to raise both awareness and money for the families in need. In order to increase awareness nationwide, over three hundred billboards have been posted with the slogan \"Blue Lives Matter\". Many of these billboards are also accompanied by the hashtag #thankublu, a hashtag many individuals use to show their support for police officers.",3,null,"What are the benefits of Blue Lives Matter?","Blue Lives Matter is a pro-police movement in the United States. It was started after the killings of NYPD officers Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu in Brooklyn, New York, on December 20, 2014, after they were ambushed in their patrol car. Blue Lives Matter was formed in reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement, which seeks to end police brutality against the African American community.",3,null,"Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","Blue Lives Matter is a pro-police movement in the United States. It was started after the killings of NYPD officers Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu in Brooklyn, New York, on December 20, 2014, after they were ambushed in their patrol car. Blue Lives Matter was formed in reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement, which seeks to end police brutality against the African American community.",3,null,214,true,"105_7_CAR_c6e03044b5ca8bcf2c4432eeb62f70a3eeb9446b","CAR_c6e03044b5ca8bcf2c4432eeb62f70a3eeb9446b","105_7_CAR_65b02ac0d89169b8b53eede76bc3c523f8158121","CAR_65b02ac0d89169b8b53eede76bc3c523f8158121","105_7_CAR_c6e03044b5ca8bcf2c4432eeb62f70a3eeb9446b","CAR_c6e03044b5ca8bcf2c4432eeb62f70a3eeb9446b",null,"Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","CAR_c6e03044b5ca8bcf2c4432eeb62f70a3eeb9446b","105_7_CAR_c6e03044b5ca8bcf2c4432eeb62f70a3eeb9446b","Blue Lives Matter is a pro-police movement in the United States. It was started after the killings of NYPD officers Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu in Brooklyn, New York, on December 20, 2014, after they were ambushed in their patrol car. Blue Lives Matter was formed in reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement, which seeks to end police brutality against the African American community.",3]
["Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","105_7","What is Blue Lives Matter, and why is it important?","On December 20, 2014, in the wake of the killings of officers Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu, a group of law enforcement officers formed Blue Lives Matter to counter media reports that they perceived to be anti-police. Blue Lives Matter is made up of active and retired law enforcement officers. The current national spokesman for Blue Lives Matter is retired Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department Lieutenant Randy Sutton.",3,null,"How does Blue Lives Matter work?","Blue Lives Matter is a pro-police movement in the United States. It was started after the killings of NYPD officers Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu in Brooklyn, New York, on December 20, 2014, after they were ambushed in their patrol car. Blue Lives Matter was formed in reaction to the Black Lives Matter movement, which seeks to end police brutality against the African American community.",3,null,"What are the benefits of Blue Lives Matter?","Originating in New York City in December 2014, Blue Lives Matter NYC is an organization and current nationwide movement that was created to help law enforcement officers and their families during their times of need. Sergeant Joey Imperatrice along with Officers Chris Brinkley and Carlos Delgado felt \"compelled to show support for their brothers and sisters in blue\" and handed out bracelets that stated Blue Lives Matter. They decided to create an organization which became the non-profit Blue Lives Matter NYC. This BLM organization's mission is to raise awareness and encourage public aid for the needs of police officers, to help police officers assist one another, and to provide a police officer's family with comfort and support as they go through hard times. This campaign is designed to raise both awareness and money for the families in need. In order to increase awareness nationwide, over three hundred billboards have been posted with the slogan \"Blue Lives Matter\". Many of these billboards are also accompanied by the hashtag #thankublu, a hashtag many individuals use to show their support for police officers.",3,null,"Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","Originating in New York City in December 2014, Blue Lives Matter NYC is an organization and current nationwide movement that was created to help law enforcement officers and their families during their times of need. Sergeant Joey Imperatrice along with Officers Chris Brinkley and Carlos Delgado felt \"compelled to show support for their brothers and sisters in blue\" and handed out bracelets that stated Blue Lives Matter. They decided to create an organization which became the non-profit Blue Lives Matter NYC. This BLM organization's mission is to raise awareness and encourage public aid for the needs of police officers, to help police officers assist one another, and to provide a police officer's family with comfort and support as they go through hard times. This campaign is designed to raise both awareness and money for the families in need. In order to increase awareness nationwide, over three hundred billboards have been posted with the slogan \"Blue Lives Matter\". Many of these billboards are also accompanied by the hashtag #thankublu, a hashtag many individuals use to show their support for police officers.",3,null,214,true,"105_7_CAR_5594aa99a66752ecce02511a065ddb5401afc841","CAR_5594aa99a66752ecce02511a065ddb5401afc841","105_7_CAR_c6e03044b5ca8bcf2c4432eeb62f70a3eeb9446b","CAR_c6e03044b5ca8bcf2c4432eeb62f70a3eeb9446b","105_7_CAR_65b02ac0d89169b8b53eede76bc3c523f8158121","CAR_65b02ac0d89169b8b53eede76bc3c523f8158121",null,"Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","CAR_65b02ac0d89169b8b53eede76bc3c523f8158121","105_7_CAR_65b02ac0d89169b8b53eede76bc3c523f8158121","Originating in New York City in December 2014, Blue Lives Matter NYC is an organization and current nationwide movement that was created to help law enforcement officers and their families during their times of need. Sergeant Joey Imperatrice along with Officers Chris Brinkley and Carlos Delgado felt \"compelled to show support for their brothers and sisters in blue\" and handed out bracelets that stated Blue Lives Matter. They decided to create an organization which became the non-profit Blue Lives Matter NYC. This BLM organization's mission is to raise awareness and encourage public aid for the needs of police officers, to help police officers assist one another, and to provide a police officer's family with comfort and support as they go through hard times. This campaign is designed to raise both awareness and money for the families in need. In order to increase awareness nationwide, over three hundred billboards have been posted with the slogan \"Blue Lives Matter\". Many of these billboards are also accompanied by the hashtag #thankublu, a hashtag many individuals use to show their support for police officers.",3]
["Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","105_7","What is Blue Lives Matter, and why is it important?","Originating in New York City in December 2014, Blue Lives Matter NYC is an organization and current nationwide movement that was created to help law enforcement officers and their families during their times of need. Sergeant Joey Imperatrice along with Officers Chris Brinkley and Carlos Delgado felt \"compelled to show support for their brothers and sisters in blue\" and handed out bracelets that stated Blue Lives Matter. They decided to create an organization which became the non-profit Blue Lives Matter NYC. This BLM organization's mission is to raise awareness and encourage public aid for the needs of police officers, to help police officers assist one another, and to provide a police officer's family with comfort and support as they go through hard times. This campaign is designed to raise both awareness and money for the families in need. In order to increase awareness nationwide, over three hundred billboards have been posted with the slogan \"Blue Lives Matter\". Many of these billboards are also accompanied by the hashtag #thankublu, a hashtag many individuals use to show their support for police officers.",3,null,"How does Blue Lives Matter work?","On December 20, 2014, in the wake of the killings of officers Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu, a group of law enforcement officers formed Blue Lives Matter to counter media reports that they perceived to be anti-police. Blue Lives Matter is made up of active and retired law enforcement officers. The current national spokesman for Blue Lives Matter is retired Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department Lieutenant Randy Sutton.",3,null,"What are the benefits of Blue Lives Matter?","On December 20, 2014, in the wake of the killings of officers Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu, a group of law enforcement officers formed Blue Lives Matter to counter media reports that they perceived to be anti-police. Blue Lives Matter is made up of active and retired law enforcement officers. The current national spokesman for Blue Lives Matter is retired Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department Lieutenant Randy Sutton.",3,null,"Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","Following the shooting of two police officers in Ferguson and in response to BLM, the hashtag [[Blue Lives Matter|#BlueLivesMatter]] was created by supporters of the police. Following this, Blue Lives Matter became a pro-police movement in the United States. It expanded after the killings of American police officers.",3,null,214,true,"105_7_CAR_65b02ac0d89169b8b53eede76bc3c523f8158121","CAR_65b02ac0d89169b8b53eede76bc3c523f8158121","105_7_CAR_5594aa99a66752ecce02511a065ddb5401afc841","CAR_5594aa99a66752ecce02511a065ddb5401afc841","105_7_CAR_5594aa99a66752ecce02511a065ddb5401afc841","CAR_5594aa99a66752ecce02511a065ddb5401afc841",null,"Tell me more about the Blue Lives Matter movement.","CAR_43e0c0e6f6f4d77836651a869bbbfb753efcd21c","105_7_CAR_43e0c0e6f6f4d77836651a869bbbfb753efcd21c","Following the shooting of two police officers in Ferguson and in response to BLM, the hashtag [[Blue Lives Matter|#BlueLivesMatter]] was created by supporters of the police. Following this, Blue Lives Matter became a pro-police movement in the United States. It expanded after the killings of American police officers.",3]
["Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","105_8","Why were Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos shot and killed?","Before Brinsley arrived in Brooklyn by bus, he shot and seriously wounded his 29-year-old ex-girlfriend, Shaneka Nicole Thompson, in the Baltimore suburb of Owings Mills, Maryland, on Saturday morning. The second shooting occurred at Myrtle Avenue and Tompkins Avenue, a busy intersection in Brooklyn near the Tompkins Houses. Brinsley approached the passenger window of an NYPD patrol car occupied by Rafael Ramos, 40, and Wenjian Liu, 32, of Brooklyn's 84th Precinct. He then fired a semiautomatic handgun four times through the open window, striking Ramos and Liu in the head and upper body, killing both officers instantly. Two Con Ed workers who witnessed the shooting notified police. After NYPD officers responding to the scene chased him onto the subway, he committed suicide with the handgun in the Myrtle–Willoughby Avenues () subway station, according to police. Brinsley and the two police officers were taken to Woodhull Hospital, and all were pronounced dead on arrival.",0,null,"What happened to Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos?","Before Brinsley arrived in Brooklyn by bus, he shot and seriously wounded his 29-year-old ex-girlfriend, Shaneka Nicole Thompson, in the Baltimore suburb of Owings Mills, Maryland, on Saturday morning. The second shooting occurred at Myrtle Avenue and Tompkins Avenue, a busy intersection in Brooklyn near the Tompkins Houses. Brinsley approached the passenger window of an NYPD patrol car occupied by Rafael Ramos, 40, and Wenjian Liu, 32, of Brooklyn's 84th Precinct. He then fired a semiautomatic handgun four times through the open window, striking Ramos and Liu in the head and upper body, killing both officers instantly. Two Con Ed workers who witnessed the shooting notified police. After NYPD officers responding to the scene chased him onto the subway, he committed suicide with the handgun in the Myrtle–Willoughby Avenues () subway station, according to police. Brinsley and the two police officers were taken to Woodhull Hospital, and all were pronounced dead on arrival.",0,null,"How were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu shot?","Before Brinsley arrived in Brooklyn by bus, he shot and seriously wounded his 29-year-old ex-girlfriend, Shaneka Nicole Thompson, in the Baltimore suburb of Owings Mills, Maryland, on Saturday morning. The second shooting occurred at Myrtle Avenue and Tompkins Avenue, a busy intersection in Brooklyn near the Tompkins Houses. Brinsley approached the passenger window of an NYPD patrol car occupied by Rafael Ramos, 40, and Wenjian Liu, 32, of Brooklyn's 84th Precinct. He then fired a semiautomatic handgun four times through the open window, striking Ramos and Liu in the head and upper body, killing both officers instantly. Two Con Ed workers who witnessed the shooting notified police. After NYPD officers responding to the scene chased him onto the subway, he committed suicide with the handgun in the Myrtle–Willoughby Avenues () subway station, according to police. Brinsley and the two police officers were taken to Woodhull Hospital, and all were pronounced dead on arrival.",0,null,"Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","Before Brinsley arrived in Brooklyn by bus, he shot and seriously wounded his 29-year-old ex-girlfriend, Shaneka Nicole Thompson, in the Baltimore suburb of Owings Mills, Maryland, on Saturday morning. The second shooting occurred at Myrtle Avenue and Tompkins Avenue, a busy intersection in Brooklyn near the Tompkins Houses. Brinsley approached the passenger window of an NYPD patrol car occupied by Rafael Ramos, 40, and Wenjian Liu, 32, of Brooklyn's 84th Precinct. He then fired a semiautomatic handgun four times through the open window, striking Ramos and Liu in the head and upper body, killing both officers instantly. Two Con Ed workers who witnessed the shooting notified police. After NYPD officers responding to the scene chased him onto the subway, he committed suicide with the handgun in the Myrtle–Willoughby Avenues () subway station, according to police. Brinsley and the two police officers were taken to Woodhull Hospital, and all were pronounced dead on arrival.",0,null,215,false,"105_8_CAR_c95f9d293d93fc9970f9c39a07ab937759b9ae40","CAR_c95f9d293d93fc9970f9c39a07ab937759b9ae40","105_8_CAR_c95f9d293d93fc9970f9c39a07ab937759b9ae40","CAR_c95f9d293d93fc9970f9c39a07ab937759b9ae40","105_8_CAR_c95f9d293d93fc9970f9c39a07ab937759b9ae40","CAR_c95f9d293d93fc9970f9c39a07ab937759b9ae40",null,"Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","CAR_c95f9d293d93fc9970f9c39a07ab937759b9ae40","105_8_CAR_c95f9d293d93fc9970f9c39a07ab937759b9ae40","Before Brinsley arrived in Brooklyn by bus, he shot and seriously wounded his 29-year-old ex-girlfriend, Shaneka Nicole Thompson, in the Baltimore suburb of Owings Mills, Maryland, on Saturday morning. The second shooting occurred at Myrtle Avenue and Tompkins Avenue, a busy intersection in Brooklyn near the Tompkins Houses. Brinsley approached the passenger window of an NYPD patrol car occupied by Rafael Ramos, 40, and Wenjian Liu, 32, of Brooklyn's 84th Precinct. He then fired a semiautomatic handgun four times through the open window, striking Ramos and Liu in the head and upper body, killing both officers instantly. Two Con Ed workers who witnessed the shooting notified police. After NYPD officers responding to the scene chased him onto the subway, he committed suicide with the handgun in the Myrtle–Willoughby Avenues () subway station, according to police. Brinsley and the two police officers were taken to Woodhull Hospital, and all were pronounced dead on arrival.",0]
["Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","105_8","Why were Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos shot and killed?","In 2014, two highly publicized attacks were committed against the NYPD. In the first, on October 23, two NYPD officers were injured, one critically, in a hatchet attack, but both officers survived their injuries. In the second, in December, two NYPD officers, Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos, were shot to death in an ambush in Brooklyn. In both cases, the perpetrators later died – in the hatchet attack, the suspect was killed by police, while in the gunfire attack, the suspect killed himself after being confronted by police.",0,null,"What happened to Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos?","In 2014, two highly publicized attacks were committed against the NYPD. In the first, on October 23, two NYPD officers were injured, one critically, in a hatchet attack, but both officers survived their injuries. In the second, in December, two NYPD officers, Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos, were shot to death in an ambush in Brooklyn. In both cases, the perpetrators later died – in the hatchet attack, the suspect was killed by police, while in the gunfire attack, the suspect killed himself after being confronted by police.",0,null,"How were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu shot?","In 2014, two highly publicized attacks were committed against the NYPD. In the first, on October 23, two NYPD officers were injured, one critically, in a hatchet attack, but both officers survived their injuries. In the second, in December, two NYPD officers, Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos, were shot to death in an ambush in Brooklyn. In both cases, the perpetrators later died – in the hatchet attack, the suspect was killed by police, while in the gunfire attack, the suspect killed himself after being confronted by police.",0,null,"Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","In December 2014, Smith sent a letter to his deputies regarding the murder of two New York Police Department officers, Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos, of the 84th Precinct in Brooklyn, New York City:<blockquote>A small group of committed societal agitators works endlessly behind the scenes to sow seeds of distrust and hatred between communities and their police officers. Their ultimate goal is to break down the bonds that hold us together as Americans and to destroy the rule of law as we know it. Oftentimes, they do this under the mantra of promoting social justice....<br>Yesterday's murder of these two officers represents a symbol of their [agitators]' success. However, it is critical to this group that these events result in police officers, in turn, adopting an adversarial attitude towards the communities they serve. ...",0,null,215,false,"105_8_CAR_8a9d07eaed89b409ff4403c12659f67129544d57","CAR_8a9d07eaed89b409ff4403c12659f67129544d57","105_8_CAR_8a9d07eaed89b409ff4403c12659f67129544d57","CAR_8a9d07eaed89b409ff4403c12659f67129544d57","105_8_CAR_8a9d07eaed89b409ff4403c12659f67129544d57","CAR_8a9d07eaed89b409ff4403c12659f67129544d57",null,"Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","CAR_da4d908ef07eb64bee3b6da25ea1fa36a9c09104","105_8_CAR_da4d908ef07eb64bee3b6da25ea1fa36a9c09104","In December 2014, Smith sent a letter to his deputies regarding the murder of two New York Police Department officers, Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos, of the 84th Precinct in Brooklyn, New York City:<blockquote>A small group of committed societal agitators works endlessly behind the scenes to sow seeds of distrust and hatred between communities and their police officers. Their ultimate goal is to break down the bonds that hold us together as Americans and to destroy the rule of law as we know it. Oftentimes, they do this under the mantra of promoting social justice....<br>Yesterday's murder of these two officers represents a symbol of their [agitators]' success. However, it is critical to this group that these events result in police officers, in turn, adopting an adversarial attitude towards the communities they serve. ...",0]
["Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","105_8","Why were Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos shot and killed?","In December 2014, Smith sent a letter to his deputies regarding the murder of two New York Police Department officers, Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos, of the 84th Precinct in Brooklyn, New York City:<blockquote>A small group of committed societal agitators works endlessly behind the scenes to sow seeds of distrust and hatred between communities and their police officers. Their ultimate goal is to break down the bonds that hold us together as Americans and to destroy the rule of law as we know it. Oftentimes, they do this under the mantra of promoting social justice....<br>Yesterday's murder of these two officers represents a symbol of their [agitators]' success. However, it is critical to this group that these events result in police officers, in turn, adopting an adversarial attitude towards the communities they serve. ...",0,null,"What happened to Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos?","On 8 July 2014, it was announced that he and teammate Rafael Ramos were transferred to Orlando City SC of the USL Pro, the third level of the United States soccer league system, on 3.5 year professional contracts as part of an affiliation between the two clubs. The players' contracts would see the two new signings finish out the 2014 USL Pro season with the club before transitioning into Major League Soccer in 2015.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"How were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu shot?","Family, officers attend funeral of murdered NYPD Officer Wenjian Liu. Under gray skies and a light rain, New York City offered a final salute to Wenjian Liu, the NYPD officer who was murdered with fellow Officer Rafael Ramos as they sat in their squad car on a Brooklyn street.",0,null,"Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","In 2014, two highly publicized attacks were committed against the NYPD. In the first, on October 23, two NYPD officers were injured, one critically, in a hatchet attack, but both officers survived their injuries. In the second, in December, two NYPD officers, Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos, were shot to death in an ambush in Brooklyn. In both cases, the perpetrators later died – in the hatchet attack, the suspect was killed by police, while in the gunfire attack, the suspect killed himself after being confronted by police.",0,null,215,false,"105_8_CAR_da4d908ef07eb64bee3b6da25ea1fa36a9c09104","CAR_da4d908ef07eb64bee3b6da25ea1fa36a9c09104","105_8_CAR_bd20c386d03da48facd6ddff90457987ee2943d6","CAR_bd20c386d03da48facd6ddff90457987ee2943d6","105_8_MARCO_7853976","MARCO_7853976",null,"Why were Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu killed?","CAR_8a9d07eaed89b409ff4403c12659f67129544d57","105_8_CAR_8a9d07eaed89b409ff4403c12659f67129544d57","In 2014, two highly publicized attacks were committed against the NYPD. In the first, on October 23, two NYPD officers were injured, one critically, in a hatchet attack, but both officers survived their injuries. In the second, in December, two NYPD officers, Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos, were shot to death in an ambush in Brooklyn. In both cases, the perpetrators later died – in the hatchet attack, the suspect was killed by police, while in the gunfire attack, the suspect killed himself after being confronted by police.",0]
["What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","105_9","What are the main goals of Black Lives Matter?","In 2013, Patrisse Cullors, Alicia Garza, and Opal Tometi formed the Black Lives Matter Network. Alicia Garza described the network as an online platform that existed to provide activists with a shared set of principles and goals. Local Black Lives Matter chapters are asked to commit to the organization's list of guiding principles, but operate without a central structure or hierarchy. Alicia Garza has commented that the Network was not interested in \"policing who is and who is not part of the movement.\" Currently, there are at least 30 Black Lives Matter chapters in the U.S., England, Canada, Australia, and Ghana.",0,null,"Why is Black Lives Matter important?","Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and perceived racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.",3,null,"Why is there the Black Lives Matter movement?","Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and perceived racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.",3,null,"What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","Black Lives Matter, it would seem, has evolved into a social movement with political aims, policy demands and a disparate set of individuals motivated to push those issues into the 2016 campaign.",1,null,216,true,"105_9_CAR_6a6e081e7c4a04bcc492cb9ba9afa14b28f02a70","CAR_6a6e081e7c4a04bcc492cb9ba9afa14b28f02a70","105_9_CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","105_9_CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78",null,"What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","MARCO_4448910","105_9_MARCO_4448910","Black Lives Matter, it would seem, has evolved into a social movement with political aims, policy demands and a disparate set of individuals motivated to push those issues into the 2016 campaign.",1]
["What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","105_9","What are the main goals of Black Lives Matter?","Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and perceived racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.",3,null,"Why is Black Lives Matter important?","The phrase \"Black Lives Matter\" can refer to a Twitter hashtag, a slogan, a social movement, or a loose confederation of groups advocating for racial justice. As a movement, Black Lives Matter is decentralized, and leaders have emphasized the importance of local organizing over national leadership. Activist DeRay McKesson has commented that the movement \"encompasses all who publicly declare that Black lives matter and devote their time and energy accordingly.\"",0,null,"Why is there the Black Lives Matter movement?","The Movement for Black Lives is a coalition of groups across the United States representing the interests of black communities.  It was created in 2016 as a response to sustained and increasingly visible violence against black communities, with the purpose of creating a united front and establishing a political platform. The collective is made up of more than 50 organizations, with members such as the Black Lives Matter Network, the National Conference of Black Lawyers, and the Ella Baker Center for Human Rights.",0,null,"What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and perceived racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.",3,null,216,true,"105_9_CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","105_9_CAR_3fa03e67a2a77f2fdaba6e67f311156c63ceadb6","CAR_3fa03e67a2a77f2fdaba6e67f311156c63ceadb6","105_9_CAR_73174ddb924e596333be046be8ee6a0c957d3764","CAR_73174ddb924e596333be046be8ee6a0c957d3764",null,"What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","105_9_CAR_fe4b60ab9f541b095c83a482a53dd52b5f18bd78","Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and perceived racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.",3]
["What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","105_9","What are the main goals of Black Lives Matter?","In response, Say Her Name was founded to focus specifically on the killing of black women by police and to bring their names into the Black Lives Matter protest. Their stated goal is to offer a more complete, but not competing, narrative with the overall Black Lives Matter movement.",{"$error":"#N/A"},0,"Why is Black Lives Matter important?","The phrase Black Lives Matter can refer to a Twitter hashtag, a slogan, a social movement, or a loose confederation of groups advocating for racial justice. As a movement, Black Lives Matter is decentralized, and leaders have emphasized the importance of local organizing over national leadership.",1,null,"Why is there the Black Lives Matter movement?","The Black Lives Matter movement calls for an end to police brutality and the killings of African-Americans in the U.S.  The #BlackLivesMatter hashtag was first started by Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi as a response to the trial and later acquittal of George Zimmerman who shot and killed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. The hashtag saw a revival in 2014, after the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, and after a grand jury did not indict police officer Daniel Pantaleo in the death of Eric Garner.",0,null,"What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","The Black Lives Matter movement calls for an end to police brutality and the killings of African-Americans in the U.S.  The #BlackLivesMatter hashtag was first started by Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi as a response to the trial and later acquittal of George Zimmerman who shot and killed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. The hashtag saw a revival in 2014, after the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, and after a grand jury did not indict police officer Daniel Pantaleo in the death of Eric Garner.",0,null,216,true,"105_9_CAR_857c4a27ecfb3f83b4f510f12dd2f3d1b9bcbd53","CAR_857c4a27ecfb3f83b4f510f12dd2f3d1b9bcbd53","105_9_MARCO_368661","MARCO_368661","105_9_CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e",null,"What else motivates the Black Lives Matter movement?","CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","105_9_CAR_960545abbbc245bcdc1b9d158f89c811ef88d10e","The Black Lives Matter movement calls for an end to police brutality and the killings of African-Americans in the U.S.  The #BlackLivesMatter hashtag was first started by Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi as a response to the trial and later acquittal of George Zimmerman who shot and killed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. The hashtag saw a revival in 2014, after the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, and after a grand jury did not indict police officer Daniel Pantaleo in the death of Eric Garner.",0]

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